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12

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npOAOflKO rHMEIOMA

13

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rtf mA.DY'1 roD p,pMov. Ilipa (bro rriv 1rlarT/ J10v Yla rrl XP1}alJ10r'1ra

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T6 a7JI.Iif(l1JUi pov 6tv ltCI aKOlrO va avaAUa~1 7] va ava,.-~cpa).alwcrci ra 1fIPlI%6pEva rou PIP).{OU· Ot).&1 a1r).~ wi E1rIGTJJ1avEI roue; K"6plOvc; ti~o~ rou. 'H Btpa Mourarpraic/Ja DlCpevV{i ii; avvOfjKce; xtitta a1ro ti; 6IolI( 6f1P'OVf1Y7i8r7Kav. t8palW01},.-av I(Q{ t;~).{X()'1KaV of Jlopcpie; voprJ, 01 /CfIfOl7}~ rou t&irpoue; 1rapaH'1l..a Jli ra 8L,.-alWJlara «ai ric; ~~ mJv mralr1&zJv. rci>v Karoxwv JlouA,.-iwv Kat /3aKoucpiwv, ti; ,OPIMoYI1(4 Vttoxp£tiJaCle; rliJv paYlaowv I(QfJwe; xai ric; crxtacle; J1i r7jv UVfPIIC7I ~ovaia 6l(l1v 6awv 1rpoavacpip07JKav. eircl me; tij1CaT/ npoteptB6r7Jra nI ptUfTI rou tpOP0).OYlKOV avar7jJlarQ(; 0Xl uovo yui va &,z6ri 6 ~ tlCJlErdUcoo'1C;, dUa KVptWC; ~ t1r{1rrwa~ rou oti; tv&Xa- ~ 6vwrOfTlrcc; olotpOpolwi'1a1}e; ara cawrEplKo rliJv dYP0rLKWV xotwtMV lCai cmlvdyponK7j 1rapaywyTj. Tt).oe;, J1i r7jv dvaAVaT/ rfje; otparum~ 6pydllOK1Tle; rife; 6lkuJ1avlKfje; aVroKparop{ae; xai rliJv 1rOAlTlKliJv 6.UayoJv, q mryypatptae; o).od'1pWVEI ro tPJl1}VeVrlKO r1}e; axfjJ1a. Mla 66prf motry¢'11cn1 rou dvat ~ t;fje;: KUpLOe; rife; cpopO).OytKfje; Kat tv plpa rik lyy£1~ 1fpocrOOoV dvai ro 60WJ1avl"-0 Kparoe;, ro onoio r7jv Ifwrrrnavtp£, aro~ tpOpciC; rou otpmuonxorpaeeioxpanxoi) J1T/Xavl- apoiilwvn 1fPOOrpo~ v1rTJPCGlliJv, KaOWe; C1rtGTJe; xai ara ()PT/crKCVrL,.-a IIpVptmz 1foV 1fPOO,tpouv tp.).avf)pW1rlKO 7] KOlvwcpeA£e; epyo. 'H oopoAormI wp6uO&>C; elva: atptv6c; tpVGlK1j xai avaAoYl,.-7j, acpcripov XP1}J1armf mi cna6Eplj, tvrrJ q 1fp6aoo~ 1r00 Kara{3aUcral crt tpyaafa elvat apcop't1Jdv'1Kai pETarpi1fCral at xpfjJ1a. 'Eow tie; iovioooue Ort 1rpwr1} Jf Btpa Mocrra,-raiefJa o.arvlrWV£l, J1C JlcrprlaclC; 1rOU xdvet, on 7) XPT/panni ~ dvai xepisou rpllrA.aala rfje; cpVGlKfje;, xai inuu vI,.-rtKd ~I arav 61foXp€WTlKO beXP'1JlaTlaJla. 'E~cra~cl rie; rpOPOAOYIK4 tfm.U.ar4 6PlU,.,tvwV rJ1'1J1arwv ayporlKou 1rAT/fJvaJ10u, tti onoia at 1fPIfmI parra ,aivtra. va £lrllHpdovvral a1ro niv KaravOJ17J rfje; rpopo).o~ 1fgouOOOf) tJ va Jl1jv rljv utp{aravral aro avvoAo inc, xa! a1ro8£ln6e. 6n ola1fodluc~ avrtc; otv olacpop01rorouv ro /3aalKo rpo1ro ,.-tip~ roV 68P1fPOiOvroc;.

MtUnt ra ICVpl6rcpa 1fpofiAr1j1ara 1r06 acpopovv r6 Oecrj1o rou rLJ1apIov r6v 150 /Cal 160 al£iJva XP'1GlJlOlrOlwvrac; 1rA.ovcrr6raro apxcta,.-6 ~ ~ d).).d KupiWC; a1rOrpacptq Kaf ftJ1apw,.-a Kanlarl-

'4

ArPOTIKEI l:XEIEIl: l:THN OOOMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

nPOAOflKO l:HMEIOMA

IS

nf 06e¥UJVIIC7, aVfOKparopia. Iro KEipevo rT]q 1fO,U.tq qJoptq Oa .,. V nfV &iboIWU) OlDtpOpa riiq 68wpaVlKfjq ~qJ~ovOapxia~» pi av:1jv ~ M&aaimva. 'E1riaT]q xp~atpo1fote~ roy opo (<.:a~T]» !w ro

apO 6p.ti&»v riiq 08wJ,JavllCT]q KOtVU.IVwq (npapuoreq, xatoro: = 01 o1Wi~ opi,ovral pi f3aaT] oiJCovoplKa, 1fOlmKa 1] VOptKa ~ KpcrrlPlll. tKE10q (J£{J)pci on 1ffOaOlOpi'~vv xai ro polo ,WV ~~" aVni)v arrtv mpar{J)ytKT] OtaOtKaala.

Xr6 aipEvo lylvav olop{Jtix1et; xai tru;pf36aelq rta ti; onois; ivnuepMtfct 4 mryy~ m{ tit; Q1roO£x8T]JC£· 'E1f{UT]q 1fapaleiqJOT]Kav pt",,6titJv rf tJ,8ovia roo VAtKOU ovaxipalve Ka1fW~ r1jv avarVwaT]. 'EmzaPJfotIIPE nfv W71VlK1} J.lEratppaUT] Q1fO rqv arrAtJC1j 1fOV KVJCA.OqJOPT]«mti Jtl" roo 1988 b6 ro East European Monographs, Boulder (Co..... Ulli~ty Press, New York). XpetaUfT]Ke va 1fpoarpi~ovpE a,o 1tJoA7fIPKO ~ mi va tur~ovpe pi nj f301jOEla rfjq avrrpaqJiwq ti; ~ nk tJrrAtciJ; pEra<ppaaT]q xai rrjv aKplf31j a1fODoC!11 atti i.U.1pu1i. ~KE olfpOloroq rtari KpiOT]KE avaxpovlanKo~ xai ~ wi .porli4{J) £va 1rpolOrlKO UT]p&iwpa.

"H PtIJA.wr~K1j lv1}pifX1XJ17 toii f3t/3liov arapara 0',0 1962' &rat ~ mi ar1jv tJrrAtK1} &KOOUT]. To xeiuevo axoAla'Et «ai sapII1IipD at ~ wrrpa,E{J)v 1COV 1CapariOEvral. 'H a~ia rou f3t/3Jdov r.II6mIi, momJe, ~T] rov i« rliiv ooripwv «lKavrXPoVlapO» rov cWn If /JtptJ ~oi£pa MV avvoyli'EL a~ ra aVp1fEpaapara ,fjq ~ • daoKfiv --<njJ.lEpa- rOVpKWY faroptKWY O. L. Barkan, H. JaaJat. T. GOkbilgin q /3fUxaviwy «a! ao/3tCTlKWY, alA-a npooospe: ~ cfMIl6at~ rrd ti; KOtVWVlKiq /5oplq xai f1jv olxovouia ,fjq ~ tniwKparop~ ro~ 1rjXIJro~ aiwveq rfjq ,wfj, rT]q. Of ava~ "'" qfIItf~ yui ro 1962, l~aKoAov80fjv va iaxvovv ati,.,., mi Uti lyK£.fQI 7f cf4ia xai 7f soiotnta rou /3.!3Uov }lui «a! oaEq ~ ~Kav ena XpOvla 1rOU arolou8T]aav OEV ro avarpiMW~, 6vri&ra, ti; OEaElq rou auptrAT]priJvovra, to ac ~ fJtptrra. 'Elflwov OEV lXEl KVKAoqJop1jaEt }lui povorpaqJia .... ~ OTO d4icno titq KOlVWV.KOOIKOVOp.Kfjq opravwaT]' rfjq ~ «nOKptnop~ rJtrflpOv~ ro tuuipto, ,6 POVAKl «ai r6 ~. 'PlOW h608ti fkpa~ olaqJ0pOl rirAol yui KaOtva aKo ra -,m..n.Itpcm. nepwpf{0J.lI11 vt:f ava<pt{XlJ tow J.lCPl1(ovq:

ItIat Seldicasu-Steinherr, KFiscaIJre et formes de possession de la ~ ... "I'AtUtoiie pteottomsne», Journal of Economic and IociIl HiIaory of the Orient XIX/ J (1976), a. 2J3~JJ2 .

.... T~, Lea m.tltutlODS ouomanes en Europ , 8{(1j11ftlvrcv 1m.

_ Nicodr« Beldiceanu, Le timar dans l'etat ottoman (debut XIV-XVI siecle), Blounavtev 1980.

_ Vera Moutaftchieva, Le Vakif - un aspect de la structure socio-economique de l'empire ottoman (XVe-XVIIe s.), Eoqna 1981.11Epllapf3dveral }lCTaqJpaapEvo atii yaUtKa ro OevrEpo KErpdlalO toii xapovto;

f3rf3Uov.

_ Bahaeddin Yediyildiz, Institution du vaqf au XVllle siecle en Turquie,

etude socio-historique, ¥ArKupa 1985.

_ John Robert Barnes, An Introduction to Religions Foundations in the Ottoman Empire, AtlvrEV 1986.

Of ovaKoUE~ xai of aovvapiEq attiv a1foooUT] KaOE xeuuvo» at dU1J rAwaaa l1favalap/3avovraL atepeotuna ai 1fpolorouq. 'H pEni<ppaUT] EVOq lmar1JPOvLKOV KELPEVOV OErEllm1fAEOV roleiaov aof3ap61rp6f3lT]ua rfjq marfj~ a1fo~oUT]q lE1ffWV oLQKpiaEWv ar1jv avaAVUT] t(a1COLOU qJaLvopivov xai 'ffjq lmAoyfjq OOKlpWY ciOIKWV O{XlJv. 'H lAAltr1jq avci- 1rrV~T] rwv 60wpavLKwv a1fov&iJv ottiv 'E)'AaOa OT]}lIOVPYEi arqv xpoKElPEVT] 1fEpi1frwaT] 1fpOOOEfE~ ovaKolieq' OPlupiVOI EWlKOi bUGT7JJlOVlKOi OPOl, KaOIE{XlJpiVOl xai OiKelOL af1jv ;EVT] /J1/3i..LOypa<pia, &v a1COoioovraL OpOLopopqJa ara tlAT]VlKa q OEV &XOVV Kav eiaax8Ei attiv dOlK1j EmarT]pOVlKq opoloria. Erq pEraq>paa1j ua; utoOEnja(lJ.lE &roO; &XOVV nepaae« ar1jv tUT]VlKq f3l/3llOypa<pia xai ruoV; npotsivooue. Oi npotdaeu; a6riq lv&xo}livw~ otv eivai 1favrorE a1fo).u III dkTToxt;· l} avarT]panKOrEpT/ lvaoxolT/aT] PE njv 6OwpaVlJC1j avroqxnopia af1jv 'EUaOa oa avpf3dUEl aaq>aA~ pEUovrmi af1jv m01Epoxn] ytVlm a1foOenfjq opolor{aq.

Tti 1fpOaWvVpla a1fo06(Jl1Kav t.UT]VlKa. on>; «a! Tli yvoxrron:pa ro- 1fWvVpw. KparrjOT]KaV ara roVPKlKci, f30v). yaPlt((i q alap, :Q 60lz f5b 7}'rav dJJCoA-O va ravnaroov q oawv l} avaYlYOOll Of ' ~rav Pl{JaLT/. Ttl - rui f1j pcraypaqJ1j TOO KVPUA1KOiJ dAtpaf3q'rov ar6 ).amui . tiolkrrjcmpe ro auat7]pa pEraypatpfjq rfj~ arr).IJCfj~ tt(&>aT/ .• rui nj If :VAU'Ol1 100 avayvwarT] avvrax8f1KE tva r£~n'o EVpenjPIO .

16

ArPOTIKEI IXHEII ITHN 08UMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

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KQI 'I .. , ... apototnta r1]q xatopsxooav va ue ~:aVOt'v ~'OIVWVO xai JJEr

Tik &>V~l~; TT}q Ka_£ va r:tv cir?m?(Jw (Ja~' ?11(O ~OIJ cpro. 'H aVr1(a~~~ IC7JC1TI aVTT}, pa8l]rEla mraVla. OlEVPVV£ rovq OPl~O\l itt; J,lOV.

'J8lairEpa Buw va Elixapl(Jrrj(Jw rrjv Ovpavia 'AarplVli1C1], nov 8t- 18T}r~ va E~val. CJVvo8o!1r po; CJT~ irx~ip1]~a nnu cin~rOA.JJl1aa. 'Enl(J1J~ £c,pa"w ill; EVXaPIOTlE'; J,lOV xpoc rouq qJlA.OVq bcoOrEt; JI01f111(ai N{1(o Ko tauura; rIari 1rp&JvJ,la uJ..olCoiq(Jav rrjv lCporaaq J,llii~ rSTOLae; h&xn7;.

Tiloq, EVxapl(JT(Jj OEpJ,l(Jrara olouq ro~ qJilovt; xai roUt; avva8sA.fOOt; ;roo pi ti. - avPPOVU:. ti; napamptioeu, Tit; OlOp()W(JElt; xai r{~ VJro&~£I; mvq fJorj8T}aav r6 lCEiJ,lEVO va CaTaArj~El (J' avrrj nj JJopqni. Tti A.a8q xa! of tlldljfElq {3apuvouv a1COKAElCJTIKa spiva.

nPQTO KEcI>AAAIO

TO TIMAPIO

Evarydia MnaA.ra

ArP<>TIKEl: l:XEl:EIl: l:THN OenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

II

emlC&; lapClKn1Pru; to\> ttuupiou, 1) tlj.1tOT\ E~UPtllOl) rou ano 'to tepti't~ KCl{ ol \)1tOlP&<OOuC; to\> tlllClPtOUXou npo<; to OOUA.tUVO uno'ttlouv l\'(J)p{(Jj.1Clta, tti onoia UnOKaA.UmOUV on 'to o'tU()tO avun'tu~1\~ ti\~ VtCl~ 69mj.1avlKi\c; KOlVCilvi.a<; litav mo npCiltoyovo OE oXtoll ~ ~ KOlV(J)viEC; nou npoun11PXClV otU EMq>ll nou Kat£1(tllot. Ilnpcill1\la j.1ClptUpouv Otl fI q>WU()aA.\Kl) "tU~l1 "tlic; vEOt()PUjlEVll<; 6SCilj.1ClV\1C'i\~ ClUtOKp«tOPi.Cl<; oev dXt oUtt otClStPEC; ~UOtl<; oiSn: OtKOVOj.1UC1\ Eupoxrti.a, o\on o\aq>opttlKU otv Su otX0"tav 'toue; roooix; nspt- 0P\OIlOUC; 1tOU OUV60EUClV to tljlUPlO. IUYXPOVCile; 'to KPUtO<; E~aKolou90oo& vu slvm navi.oxupo, Eq>OOOV Tt KtV'tPlKl) E~ouoia i)'tav OE atOTl va tn\~&\ Illtl tOOO auo'tllPu opt08ttlljlEVll jlOpq>l) yatOKtlloiw;. BPlmc6j.1Clot& crn\v tnoXl) nou "to 'tl.jlaptO T\tav 0 mo 8tabt()OjlE~ M~ tOlOKtlloiaC;, rots 011A.a(1) nou 0 EjlI.Plle;, onCil<; A.l.yo upyoupu teai 0 oouA.tav~, OtllPl~o"tav O1:U otpattujlata tOU Kat EKtiva

0' Cl\)'tOV.

Itic; 1ttploxe<; tiie; MlKpnc; 'Aoin; Kat t11e; NouoaVatOA.tKlie; En-

1Ximlc;, 01tOU E'YKa'tClota9T]Kav 01 Eio~oA.tie; rov 140 ukovc, dxav ~ oi CPWuOOA.lKEC; (JXtOElC;, EVro ol 80uA.OKtlluKte; dXav ilOll tl;acpclV\otEi. Ol OltOEtc; nou ti(1)yayav ol '09CiljlaVOt i)tav YVCilOtEe; tb6 xol.6 Kalltl otoUe; A.aOUe; ltOU xnrsxrnocv. Tui 'to /...Oyo auto, ol 69q.&ClVUC£C; E1tlOpoj.1£c; otv £ltat;av to pO/.O trov ~ap~aptKrov btt8popiw tOO XP<D\1l0U MEoai(J)va. I:t1)V ltpaYjlatlKo'tll"tCl oi '09CiljlaVol. owrwoov XOA.6 crn\v 61tlcr900pojlllOll 'tTie; to'tOPlKTi<; t~tA.l~lle; 'trov l.aev xOO KattKtTl0av, ,,(la'tl. tltt~A.av 'toue; ltpWljlOUe; q>tOUbaA.lKOUe; ~ tove; ot UplOxtC; OltOU oi 1tapaYCilytKte; oxtotte; T\tav ilbll ~. Airtl) dWl 1\ 1t~.tov uvaXPovloUK1) 1tA.tupa tTie; 69Cil-

fMM~ rloPoA.i\<;·

To difypa, 1tOO civCljl(j)lo~1)tllta E1ttq>tpt il 6SCiljlavlK1) KataKtll-

011 ~ xapcry(J)"(\K£C; OUvajlf:l<; tmv It&P10XroV 'tTie; MtKpne; , Aotc; xul • Bal.mvUov, Otv funlpl;& 6U9pto. ' A1tO t1) onYjll) 1tOU eYKataOtaIItmv oi '~VOl 0' autel 'tel tOOq>11, Kal 1tapo t1) OKAllPl) EKjlt~ xo6 bttpaA.av O'tODc; i>1tOOOIJ/.OIJC; napayCilYou<;, to Enl.1ttbO ~l)<; tiw xaPUY(J)"(lKWV OUVeljlf.:CilV OEV t1tt'tpt'VE vo ()tatllPllSd 1'4 xo16 It O:vavttotOllia civeijlEOa otic; (,1teipzOl)Ote; 1tapaywyuctc; ~ mi to6c; ~KODc; 9tOjlou<;, of 01tOiOl 1tpoot8iasav ot ..... fIOUkMCJ\ xowevic, Alit~ ~tav KfJl b ').Dy0e, ltOI) 'to tljlO.... tpn01EOl~ yP'1\"(opa, tvro ir1tfiP~E (, ~a(JlIcC)~ tl)no~ YUtOK'tll-

__ W,"u fl ~avlK1\ do~o'.1). Ol vouoi ltOU Otcrltt<Juv ol

TO TlMAPIO

1tpro'tOt oOUAtaVOt 1tupaKOjlq>SllKav Kai ouvtouu 'to ttjleiP10 CLltEKtllos 'to XupaK'tllPtcrttKO 'tTie; «X(j)pie; opOue;» q>EOubaAtKTie; yutOKtllcriCle;.

'H btajlOPq>CilOll jllne; 6SCiljlUVlKTie; q>EOUbaAtKTie; tel~llC; -il 8tU01- Kacria tIXE apxiotl tie; 1tpro'tEe; jltpte; 'tTie; KataKtllolle;- OUVE1ttOt Kui ebpaot roe; KutUAOtlle; Ot1) jlttapoA1) 'tTie; uq>Tie; tOU ttpnpiou il, 01tWe; U1tocrtllPisouv optousve; 1tllYEe;, litUV 0 1tpoeintAOe; 'tTie; ncpaKjlTie; rou. "Etrn, of. ttAtUtai.u aveiAuoll, il s~tAt~ll tTie; 69CiljlavlKTie; q>EOUbuAtKTie; yuwKtlloiue; KaSopiotllKE a) a1to tie; uAAllAtmopeiosu; 1tOU uOK1)SllKav oro E1tt1ttbO ava.1ttU~lle; 'trov 1tapaywYtKrov Suvduscov o'tie; Ka'tuKtlljltVte; 1tEpwxte; Kat 't1) 8tajlopq>wjlEVll ot ~EXWPtOt1) ojla.ba 6SwjlaVtK1) q>EOu8aA1K1) 'to~ll:Kui P) a1tO t1) potJAlloll tTie; K&VtptKTie; s~ouotae; va bta'tllP1)ott tOUe; uypOttKOtJe; SEOjlOU<; OtO 1tAuiow 1tOU dXE i\bll 9E01ticrEt, Kai vd avaotd/tt t1) blEUpuvoll tmv E~OUOtrov trov YUWK'tlljlOV(j)v. 'H 'ttAtutatu aut1) E1tl6i(j)~ll alt08EiX811Kt ~paxopta. 'APXtKei, E~f.q>pasE tei OUjlq>tPOVtU 'Wu 1to/.oapt- 9~ou KUtWtEPOU o'tpwjlatOe; tTie; q>tOUbuAtKTie; ta~llC;, tTic; tei<;llC, trov 01taxT\8Cilv. Mt t1)v U1toot1)Pt~ll tOU otpwjlator:, Q1J'Wu, to KpeitOe; uVtttUX911KE, jlf.Xpte; EVOe; olljldou, o'tilv uu~avojl€vll OiKOVOjl1.K1) 8Uvajlll Kat smppol) trov jlEyaACilv yatoKtlljlOV(j)v. 'I:uvtOjlu Ojl(j)t; oi ttAtu'taiot Katop9(j)oav va KutaAOPOUV SEOEte; K/.Etbla ot1) blOiKllOll Kat vd tie; XPllOtjlO1tOt1)OOUV roe; 01tAO Evav'tiov trov o1taX1)O(j)\, rumpWUxwv. 'H viKll 'tTie; q>EOubaAtKTie; apxouoae; ta~lle; cr1)jlmv& oixncOttKU tilv 1tapuKjl1) 'WU rtunpiou jlE t1)V KAaotKl) jlOpq>ij 1t0t; t()pmwSllKE'to\' 150 aiwva. To xapaKtllPtottKa. tOU ruiupiou tTi; hoxlie; sKdvll<; 1tapouOtU~Oov UPKttO EV()lUq>tpOV 'Y1.a t1) llE.A.hll tTi.; 6S(j)jlClvtKTie; xowevtce; ytati 'to tuidpio U1tliP~E Kat 1taptw:lV€ 0 av'tt1tpocrCil1tWtl.KOC, StOjlOe; tTie; q>&ouoaAtKTie; yatoKtlloia.; 1t0~ tntj)o.)..u ' ol KataKtll'tEe;, 1tUpO 'tic; btaq>0pEtlKf.e; 1tapa060&1'; no Ult bOtA \ Aarov, tic, uAAt1taAAllAte; blClOOXtC, trov ujlaplOtJX(j)\' Kal ru; ltajln A. c'; npoccpuove; 'tou S&Ojlou.

To tuidpio, 0><; ttmOC; q>f.uu?iaA1Kf\C; ymoK"Cll \U,;, crt \' Elm ueon 11 tie; ~l1~lb(iH;C; yOlEr:, (mfri). l:t\jl<ptOVtl jlt tl)\' t 9<0j.1O\'l -1\ e Tl K \ 't\

1tap<i~O(ill ($cr;:1t), o ' lli\'tt~ <H\~ln6ptAlll-lpa\'l vr A - {

Ku'tUKtllPf\'(l)V 1ttpIOX(-;'1\' 111- l'\\p<' 1t11 Kut tll-

ArpOTIKEt I.XEtI:II.l..HN OeOMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

21

TO TIMAPIO

bp\C,~v~ 1t&P10l~. A.iYE~ aUYKp";"Ka, no~ ;0 KUOEa-:WC; tOUC;, d;(E pu9~1(Jtd bplatlKO a,no tllV EnOln ~On ~OU ApuPl~oU _XUt:l(pU'tO~' u6d\ OKOUA.OV(Jav tl~ OEKU'tl~O~EVEC; KUl xaparSL{lt yULE;. Av otu; "ut1'\'YOp{&~ avtt~ npoatE90uv Kui ta ~OtJA.KHL, Ont•(01) il uKivn'tn 1t&plO\)(J{a no\> ~piaICEtU\ at ohaa~£vEC; m:pwxtc;, rore ~XOUIlE ~1tpoatO ~a~ 6A.E~ ti~ ~opq>tc; YUlOKtnaiuc;, n01) 10Xuouv OtJll<PWVU Ilt t1\v laA.a~llCllnapaooan·

'H latoploypaq>iu tXEl oExed upuoav\otu t1)v tU1toA.oyiu tWV

naA.uuOv ~o\)ao\)A.~aVWV Vo~o~uewv, 1l0A.OVOn ta KPl111PtU orri bnoia atnpi~&ta\ otv slvm bttotnllOV1Kal. 'Opioutvot iOtOPlKOi, Kllpl(D~ IO~l&tlKOi, BOUA.yUPOl, flOUYKooMpot 1tPOtElVUV OA.A.ll KUtOta~n trov yaui>v ti\~ autoKputOpiuC;, etA.OVtUC; va a1tOOU<Pllvioouv t1\v 06ala autov tOU QA.utOU, aKolln, ~ntllIlUtOC;, KUt OXt va otUIlUt1)(JOllV 6KA.~ (Jt1)v JtEplypaql~ tOW E~CJ)'tEPtK&V tOU yvwplOllatWv2• 0{ lp&\)vt~ tOU~ 6~(D~ otv avutptxouv otiC; a1tUpxtc; tOU {EPO\> vOIlOU,

alA.a uovo ot <pE'tpaoEe; (U1to<paoEle; at 9t~atu KUVOVlKOV ouca{ou) tOU Abussuud tOu 160u u{wvul. "Av o~we; 9EA.OUIlE va OlaA.&\)KOVO\)~ 10 ~1)'tnlla UU10, rots nptnEl vd 1tUIlE aKOlln nuS niaw, at1\v bOlll roii 'APUP1KOO XUA.lqlatOU, 101£: nov tiXE yiVEl 1'\1ru;lV6~nan 1mv YUtWV 11£ PaOll rov tEPO VOIlO' '0 "Apapue; vOIl0~u91\c; Abu YusufYa 'kub OlU1tpuy~UtEuEtat ot6 tpyo tOU tllV KUt(itu;n uutllv•.

LU~<PWVU Ilt tOV Abu Yusuf, of: tM<Pll 01tOU KatOlKooOUV "ApaPEe;, noo E~toA.UlliatnKuv 01UV KU'tUKT1)9n'i:UV an6 tOUe; 1l0uaouA.J.16.voce, E1ttPA.1)9nKE uovov ~vue; 9Pll0KwtlKOe; <popoe;, 1) OEKatn (zekat), KUt ol yUlEe; 1tUptIlEtVUV otri XEP1U tWV tOtOKtntWV 'toue;5. AutO. to. tOci<Pfl, A.om6v, anon:A.OOOUV tiC; OEKUtl~OIlEVEe; yUlCC;. '0 Abu Yusuf 9EwpEi XUpUt~tytE yUlEe; tKEivce; tWV 6nolCJ)v of KatOtKOl otv dxuv ao1tuotd 10 'IoA.all1tpiv 11)V 69w1lUV1K1) KutaKtnafl· rla va houv, A.Ot1tOV, OtKuiWIlU va ~oov otiC; nEptoxi;~ 'tOO XuA.t<patou 7tA.1\pevcv KtqlUA.1KO eopo, E'Y'YtlO <pO po YU1 va Il1)V tOUC; a<patpE9Ei 1'\ yi\ 1OUe;, Kui t1tt1tAEOV eopo tni tiie; 1tUpuywyiie;6. OUOtUOtlKa, atllV 7tPc.Otllfl 1tEp{OOO tOO XUA.t<pa10U, a1ie; KutnyopiEC; UU1EC; otv xspiA.U~paVOVtUV <pEOUOUA.tKEe; yalEe; (ikta). <l>touoa onllloupY1)9nKuv 116- vo ot EpnllEC; 1tEpwXtC;, EVttA.We; aKa10lKn1Ee;7, 1tpaYJlu noo OEiXVEl 011 oi ikta yalEC; 11)V f:1t0X1) EKEivn Mv 9Ewpouv1av aKOJlU <ptouoo.

'H 69CJ)IlUVtK1) aU10KputOpiu t1)pnOE ~t morornru 1a ~pla 7t01l dxav xa.paX1El (11)V 1tPOOtJlll1tEpiooo roii XaAl<pa"tOU Y1a tiC; OEKans6IlEVE~ Kui 1it; xapu1~tytt yalEt;, 011A.US1) tll XE1S<lSn (Hidjaz) KUl 111 Buoopu (Basra) yta 1iC; 1tPW1EC;, to LE~aVt (Sevad) Kat 'to 'Ipdx )'ta tic; OEUtEpEe;8. Ilou9Eva 0'(1) PtpA.tO'Ypa<pia &tv ava<ptpE1al YU1 nOlO /...6yo 011IlWUpy1)9nKE 6 9E01l0C; 1WV Ol1lloaiwv ya1wv (miriye i) mem-

I J. von Hammer, Des Osmanischen Reiches Staatsvcrfassung und StsetsverwsltUIII BliVV1\1 15,1, 0.342·)46. W. Padel, L. Steeg, De la legislation fonciere ottomane, napim 1904. e. 9.

2 . S. Tveritinova, Vostllniyc Kara YaZldjl- Deli Hasana v Tuttsii, ('H btaVaCHa-

01\ loU Kara YUlel Kai toi> Deli Hasan ot~V Toupcic), MooXa - A&vlVYKpaVt 1946, e 17. 'H Tventinova qual 6n Ot~V 69(t)~avIK~ autoKpa'topia ~ Yii OIQIP&itat otic; ~~ lCatTI'Yop~' Mulk, wlflCai miriye. BA. A. F. Miller, Mustafa pa~ Bayraktar, M6axQ - tVW"(lCf)(Ivt 1947, o. 24. Kurd tOV Miller tmiipxav 01 E~iic; tEOO&PIC; KatT]yop~ yaui\v: atf)(lnCUtllC~, oouhavlI(£C;. yaiEC; !tou tlvtjKOUV OtOV lCAiiPo Kai tEAOe; ~uAICla. BA. briOllC; B. T vetkova, «Pozemlenite otnosheniya v bulgarskite zemi pod osmansko vladicheswc do redata na XVII V.II (0{ aypOtllCEe; Ox£Otle; OtO ~ouAyapllCo lcDpo lCatO to KpQ)tO ~l(JO to - 170 ai61va tiie; 69ro~avllCiie; lCa'taKtT]OT]e;), Istoricbeski PreJIed VII 2. o, 160. 'H Tsvetkova uioSm;i tic; KatT]yopi&e; tiie; Tveritinova, BA. G. GuJubov, .Po nyaleol vuprosi na turskoto feodalno zemevladeniye», ('Oplo~£va !tpO~A~~Q nl<; 6eqlavucijc; ~ooOaAllCiie; yaIOKtT)oiac;), Izvcstiya na lkonomicheskiys InstitutlV 1-2, o. 199. '0 Culubov civa~tPEI UvtE l(atT]'Yopi&e; yalCov: ~OUAK:la, paYlcyai&c;, tOl.,.llClG, ICOIVOtllC~ Kai ~TJI.I(X!lt:C; yaiEC;. AVf~ ~ Kafnfa~T] &XEI oXoAlaofEl «no fllV B. Tsvetkova BA. B. Tsvetkova, «Prino kum izuchavaneto na turskiya feodalizm v bulprsklte zemi prez XV·XVI n, (r1.J~lX>lll orriv tpwva toi> tOUPlCllCOU q)f:ouoaAla~ou ~ ISool:yuptlC~ It£P\OX~, 150<;-160<; a!wvac;), Izvestiy« na institute za BuJgarska lsto",. 6 (1956), e. 119. . Fllipc>V1c, «Pogled na osmanski feudalizam», (' AnO'l'EI~ yin tOV 68IIpcMICO ~\oJ.&6), Godisnjak istotiskog dtuitv« Bosne i Herzegovine IV, o. 26 Ie l 6troo 6 ovrr~ tlCqlp6l;tl "",v alto'VTJ on ~w 1I«0\l(£C; lC(ltT]yopiEC; yallJiv u!t~PXCV ~ ~V\I(1\ amolCpafopla; miJtk Kat mlri.

3. A. S. Tveritinova, 0.1£., 0. 28-29. B. Tsvetkova, 6.1£., 0.159-160. G. Gulubov, 6.1C., 0.165.

4. Abu Yusuf Ya'kub, Le livre de l'imp6t foncier (K1Ub e/-Kharadj), traduit et annote

par E. Fagnan, Ilcpicr 1921.

5. Abu Yusuf Ya'kub, 0.1£., c. 84-85.

6. 0.1£., a. 40-41.

7. 01£., o. 90-91.

8. O. L. Barkan, XV ve XVI-Jnc; a51rlarda Osmanh ImparatoHugunda tirsi etonominin hukukI ve mali essslsri; I : Kanunlar, (Ol fl<t0l1C~ ~\rl<; 1C(li Oi1CO~I~ 6.Pl~ tii~ aypOt\lC~C; obcovoutc; cmiv ~a"\lC1\ llutoKpatopia. t - 150u-160\\ o.lcj)vu I :

KQVOUVVQj.1tOEC;), Istanbul 1943 (<no t~i'I eo. avo.cptp&tQ\ 00<; Kanunlaz).

AfPOTIKEI l:XEIEIl: rTHN OeQMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

TO TIMAPIO

23

JIDt) ani J,ltttrytv£<rtEpa iCJAa~.ll1Ca Kpat11 Kat Et~l1COtEpa CJ1'O 6800- 6. npayJ.la'tuCa, Ylat! ~£v b[£~aAaV of '06oo~avoi xapatcrt CJ1'a ~ mU 1CcntrtllCJav, Ylati ~l1Aa~l1 ~tv bpap~oCJav to Ka8ECJtw<; woO Iozu£ ~ 1tEP10l£C; Jtou xnrorcobvmv a1to ~11 ~OuCJouA~avou<;; l:t1\v oOO{a, 'ta tM4pll autel 1tA11PouCJav OAEe; ti<; 1tpOUn06ECJEt<; nou cbau'toOOt " 8ECJJ.l6c; tOU xapatCJtou. 'E~aA) .. ou, 01too<; CJwCJta E1ttCJl1- pcdW\ " A. S. Tveritinova, ol '06ooJ.lavoi Ent~aAav t11 <popoAoyia mO iO'1~ "fla tiC; xapat~lYlt yaiE'; (KE<paA1Ko, EYYEto xni oopo E1ti ~ mpayo>ri\C;) 1Cai <rtiC; 1tEPlOXE'; nou lCJxuE 6 8ECJJ.l0C; trov ~l1J.loCJioov .,...,.

·0 J.lOV~ )..01<><; KOU ci>811CJE to 68OOJ.laV1KO xpdro; vel ui08Et11CJEt nc; ~ 1CcmnopiEc; yil- ~tav 6 CJUVtll p11nCJ~6<; 1tOU unayo psootaV dsO n\9pll<J1CEia. '1-I~11 OJ.loo<; CJt J.lEptKEC; iCJAa~tK£<; xoivovie; tel ~vta t(i)v cpEOu&1l1KroV ta;EOOv, nou apxtsav vd ~la~op<pwVOVtU\, MY ouJ.lpabtl;av J.lE ti; npOCJta"(E<; tile; 1tPWtJ.l11<; 8pl1CJKwnKilc; mi VOfllKfic; iCJA.aJ.llKT1<; JtapaboCJll;, CJ' O.'tl a<popu t11V EK~EtaAAEuOlI6ptcrptvo>v J.l£yQlrov EK'telCJEOOV. '0 iEP0C; VOJ.lO<; OptSE on 9i ~EKa~ 1Cai oi lapat~lYl£ yaiE'; £l£PE1tE vel nupoustvoov CJt11V xuptonrra 'tiJv dJ.l£CJO>v It(lpc1YCJ)Yrov. 'H puOJ.ltCJl1 aUt11 OECJ1tiCJtl1KE t11V bov\ 1Cma. n\v Oxoia 1taplllCJ.l~E i) <j>u}.E'tlKT) 6pYelVWCJl1 trov 'Apdl'ew ui dIE CJ1C01tO nlv xpoomciu trov allECJOOv KaAAtEpY11trovlO. To m8£m~ ~ aUto otv tllP11OT)KE'i}0l1 o:no tT)V E1t0XT) tfj<; aKJ.lfj<; tOO • Apa~l1COO XaluPcltOl, ,,(latt ~H1tO\JJ.lE vd ~l1J.llOUpyoUVtat <pt~ ot lapa't~lylt yais.;. 'H xurccrccn OJ.lOO<; nov ~taJ.lop<pw811KE ltv 4wtpOOaE crn}v 1tpc1,,(J.lattlCOt11ta tT)V E1ticrrlll11 ~ta<poponoi11O"l1 1106 iox~ dvOproa CJr~ &lCan;OJ.lEVEC; lCat ti.; xapat~l'ytE yaiE<;.

·01Ca60plCJJ.1Oc; toii £1tiCJ11J.lO lCaOEcrtro"tOC; trov OEKansO~EV(J)V Kai Tiw lC1pa't~lyti yatCov avtavalC}.oi)crE to ~u8~0 tfj<; K01VWV1KOOtKOYOfI.tICiK ~T)C; trov J.l£taYEVf.O" epev {cri.u~t1(rov K01VWVtWV. I.t ~ JMU.l~t~ OlQJ.lO,)(pro&rl'CE J.lUL tP{~l1 KatTrtopiu yatwv, of ~1l~6- ~ 1~ (~Jnyt'ij met;IJek~tJ. 1£0(; dVTI'WV oro 011(J(wPO<plJAo.K10 tl to "".n~ H KtvtptKT) t51011(110"111tpo6pl~f; ti~ l£pocrooouc; troy "(fU-

rov au1'rov Y£VtKel. ytel. tT) CJUVtT)P11CJ11 tfj<; apxouCJa<; tel~l1<; lCat tt<; £0£1E CJtT)V U1tOKAEtCJ'tlKT) t11<; Oto.OEcr11. I:tT)v 6000llaVtKll aOtOKparopia, "(tel napelO£l"(~a, to ruruptornxo ouornuu dXE YEVtlCEU8d CJri<; 011~OcrtE<; ,,(aiE<;, wCJtoCJo unfjpxav Kai aA} .. ou runou <pEouoa. To 6800- ucvtxo xpriro; otatT)Pl1crE ti<; <p£O\JoaAucE<; ~OP<PEC; yatOKt11CJia<; nou dxav OtallOP<pwOd CJ£ 6ptcr~EVE<; xapat~tYlt yaice; npiv triv xcrdKt11CJT) roo; o:no to\)<; '08wllavOUe;, xwpie; vel £1tt~o.}.Et Kat tou; OtKOUe; tOU o:ypOttKOU<; <pEO\JoaAtKOu<; OEcrIlOUc;.

'Ano oCJa O:va<ptpaJ.lE nupuxdvro 1tPOKU1ttEt Ott oi ocKatt~OIlEVE<; Kat of xapatslytE yai£<; £~E<ppa~av £1ti1tl.acrta Ot<lt11Pll~tvou<; Kai ~E1tEP<lCJJ.lEVOU<; mel. KOtvOOVtKOOtKOVO~tKOUC; 6Ecr~0(,;, Kai ot, Gci €1tPE1tE vel cruJ.lnEptA11<P90uv crti<; KatllyopiE<; yatOOv nou 6Eropoi)vtal O:Vtl1tpocrwnEUttKE<; "(tel t11V 60w~aVtKT) KOtVWVt<l. A~to 1t0t} OvtW; dVttCJtOtXOUCJE crti<; CJXEcrEl<; 1t0(, xapaKtT)pt~av tJlV xowovic, Karel tT)V 1tEpiooo 1tOU E~Etel~OUIlE, i\tav to Ka6Ecrtroc; too\, 0l1J.l0CJirov yat& ' Kat trov Kt11~eltoov 1tA11Pou<; tOlOKtl1cria; (miilk).

Tel J..l0v}.Kta il to. «yvT)crta» ~ou)vKta Bpioxovrcv J.1tcra crf. O\KlCJ~ou<; il crti<; yupw KOVtlVE<; m:ptOxt<;. Oi aJ.lEO"ol napaywyoi dXa ' 1tAT)P11 xupiornrc, ~l1AaoT) dXav to ~lKaiwJ.la vel 'to. no I .. ' co a to. KelVOUV ~aKou<pt, vd tel. ~WPtlCJouv il vel to. ~£~a~t~acrOl crtO'; KA 11 POVOJ.lOUC; roue Kato. ti<; 8ta1a~E\(; tOD iEPO - VO~O\. II.' 0 <l r t11V anO\jf11, to. ~OUAKt<l eel unopobouv vd OEWP1l00-V npo E <lA.lKT) Katllyopia yatOKt11criac;. 01t(J)<; tmCJ11~aivEt Kat 61. P. Petrou hevski". LtT\V 6eOOJ.laVtKtl uorocpcropic Kai mo crUyKE - t~t a crn.; ptOXeC; tfjc; crl1J.lEptVfj<; BouAyapia.;. it ~laKptcrll ~cta;' uo A1(l ~l1~OcrtOOV yatrov ~t.v ~ta\' nOA' CJaq>l1;. 0 \' rn 0llm; e o crd ~ouAKta unfjpXE nAT)P11; Kl piorntc . unru xupiotrrrc«; nOll ~t.\' r.1ttOf.xo\,mv E \.-

CJtic; 1tllYE<; ~a<; ~piCJKO\')J.l£ 1tA11P q> f ic; l <l UU1C..U~H

titAmv Y1a to Kti~n~o cmrucv (ev )CI ts

..,. daiota (u a 29

...,... A Y ~ak bov uAra rya k ch J VJI V.I>, ('H • Ap(l~(l Ot(~ ...... Vltl1l1rTMya l tonys JJI (MoozaJ 1957 '1 104

... KMnmlar,,, 2% m .

ArPOTlKEI IXEIEII lTHN oeUMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

TOTIMAPIO

27

:tnPa ti\~ XpotAWOTJC; 'tOO o9w~avtKOU tumpiou, ij ~aAAOV d4vato1.1KOU cptavOaAlICOO a:yponKou 9w~ou nou 'to. xapaa'll.lftllm tOO cnryyt:V&uovv 1tOAU ~E au'ta 'tOU rumpioo, OEV gXEt 1.u8ai. O{ d01KOi o'to 9t~a 'tOO nuupiou, o'tiC; ~EAE'tEe; roo; Y1a

wpotl.&vm\ rou, £Xouv 6O'1YT19d OE OU~1tEpao~a'ta nou otto'tav~ 00 tOV Hammer, 1tOU uvaYEt 'tTlV npoEAEUoTl 'troY «l..,_MlcDV yauiv at1lV Ilspoiu 'trov LaooaVtorov 'tOU 60u airova21, ~ cn6v Deny, nou OEXEta1 on i) pu~av'tlvTl EniopaoTl "1bJI:~ m80p\CJt\1C1\ 'Yl' atrrov rov o9w~av1Ko 9EO~022, 90. unopou"'cn..tpooJlt Kai 1toAli:C; aAAEC; unO\jlEte;, AtYO'tEPO ij nEptOOO,., 61od1lpolJ&tvt:C;.

'0 . Belin, lui xapciotl'y~a, 9twpti 01:\ o'tOUC; iOAa~tKOUe; xpuOJ1l,unlO~OU<;, ol xpro'ttC; o'tpanWtlKEC; yaiEe; dXav XOPTlYTl- 8d W t6v izam al-Mulk, to ~tsuPTl 'trov OEA 't~OUKWV OOUA'taVWV

W AAn 'APOAaV Kai MaAiK 1:aX23• '0 ~EAE'tTl'tTle; 'tOU m:At~OUK1KOU Kpa'tOUC; V. A. Gordlevski EmOTl~alVEt o~WC; on oro crpuncrnxoeeouoaA1Ko Ka9w'troc; 'tOU m:At~OUKtKOU Kpa'tOU<; EntOpaoav a1to<paOtcr'tlKa oi MOYYOAOl, of 61tOtOl IlE -rTl ostpd rouq dxav OEX'ttl 'tTtv EntOpaoTl 'troY KtVE~l1(rov 9wllrov24. '0 Tischendorf 9EWpti on 'to rumpicrnxo cruo-rTllla elver tvae; 9w1l0C; nou £YKa9iopuoav of nproLOt XaAl<pEe; xui mo OU'YKEKplIlEva 6 'OOIl<Xv25, 1l0Aovon 6pt(J~tva OL01.XEia 'tOU ouo-rTllla-roe; au'tou umlPxav Kat ot: ~la uVaAO'YTlIlOP<PTl 'tou xpdrooc 'trov 1:a(Joavtorov26• nOAAoi 'tOUPKOl iO-rOPlKOl Sivovv iOtai'tEPTl EIlq>aoTl orriv LOUPK1KTlnapaoo(JTlnOU (;Knp0(Jwnti-rat uno 'toue; OUtlKOUe; 1l0YYOAtKOUC; AaoUe; ('to Kpa'tOe; 'tOU 'IAxav oro 'Ipdv roii 130u Kat 140u airova)27, uno 'tOue; 1:EAt~OUKOUC; (J-rTlV xsvrpucr] Kat Mucpd ' Aoia28, ano -roue; xprrnxot»; OXTl~an(J~oue; 'troy KupuxoytoUVAOU (Mauponpopa-r<lOEe;) Kat -rrov ' AKKOYlOUV).OU (' AcnponPOPa'taOEe;) rov 140 Kat 150 airova29 Kat, 'tEAOC;, ano -rie; Ot<i<poptC; q>toUOaAtKte; i)YCI-.lOviEe; nou uvaM9TlKaV Ka1:a 'tTl OlaPKEta 'tile; na-

23. M. Belin, «Du regime des fiefs militaires dans I'islamisme et pecialement en Turquie», Journal Asietique, cstpd VI, XV/56 (1870), o. 216. Ilp~A.. «Siysset-nsme», Kniga 0 prevlenii vazira Xl stoleniya Nizsm-el Mulke, (Siyssetnsme ~t~) io YI'O+lJ.1tvo ano 'to IlsyUA.O ~S~upTj Nizam-al Mulk 'toil Ilou ulcilvu), Mocrxu - AtvlVy~paV't' 1949 cr. 34, 140.

24. V. A. Gordlevski, «Gosudarstvo seldjukidov Maloi Azii», (To ICp(h~ tro\, ui.'t~oUKtBrov orriv MlKPU ' Acln), lzbranniye sochinetiiye; I (Mocrxu 1960). o, 97 .!:.

25. P. A. von Tischendorf, Des Lehnswessen in den Moslemiscben Sween, In besondere im Osmanischen Reiche, Al'l'iu 1872, c. 27.

26. D.n., o. 24.

27. I. H. Uzuncarsih (iXIV ve XV-inci asirlarda Anadolu beyliklerinde topra . \C hal idaresi», ('H Sioixncn 'toil JtA.Tj9ucr~oil Kui ~ OIUXsiptOTj 'trov tOOlPro\ ere ~7tt:llA.l ·tU tii::

MtKpnc; 'Acia; rov 140-150 nirovu). Belleten II 5-{l. c. 105. 106. T - 1'10 , Osmsnls devleti te$kiTatina methal biiyiik Selcukileti. Anadolu beylikl. ri, Anad lu ~ lfukilen· IlhaniJer, Karakoyunlu ve AkkoyunJarda tnemluklerdeki deviet re Watm bit bat CEmppotc; nOll otX'tTjKE t'I OPyuv(J)O'l 'tije; 69(J)~U\"lKi'.:; Ot to);~ U1: pia;. 1.to ~Iutt(i crT1)\ KpU't'lKTt oPyuv(J)O'l toW IlSYUA(J)\' r!;A.t~O\'Kl<(J)\,. 1:(1)\ ~ t:TjA.\ 'iCil\ tii~' vat A.\a", to\' rEA.t~OUKiB(J)v 'tfjc; 'A\,U'tOAlU.,. Tro\' 'lAxu\'iS ov, KU~OK yl \ \'A. K yt-

ouvsoo), Istanbul 1941,0. 252-2b2. M. Belin. a .. , I

dVUA.oyit:C; nOll tmupxouv QVUIl£OO on) !-II'. "IK11 ('IA.lU\' Kill

28. J. H. Uzuncarsih, Osmsnlt dC11 u ...• o, • cr. 6 -{l • 1 3-1 ...

29. a.lf" 0. 286 d

lD 81. ysG I18pG&tYJlCl O. L Barkan, «Turk-Islam toprak hukuku tatbikatmm a.....1aparatort1ljlmda aJdJjJ sekiller, Ser'i miras hukuku ve evlatlik vakiflar», (To- ~1aput~ ~lCa&O\llW6 w,opouv tit 'f1i Kui t~p~OO't1'}KUV orriv o9(J)llu- ~ T d'ipovoJlIKO 01l(ato m,W9CilVU ~ rev iEp6 vopo Kui 'tu ~UKOU-

.. IIImbuJ Umvmltesi Hukuk Fskiiltcsi Mccmu'asi VIII (1940), o. 157 .,.. DUral .)

2J J .. Hamraer, 6tr., I, (J. 44-45.

21 J Daay .T..,.. EnzyklopAdie des Islam (AtlvttV AI1¥lfl 1934) IV, 0.831.

28

ArP0TIKEl: IXEl:EII LTHN OenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

P(l1qli\~ to\) GEA t~O\HCUCOU GOUA:mVa'tou (ta ~1tEl1Ah(ta tf\s 'Avurol' \lO

tCU;,. "" '1''1

!ltv sa dOlOA.1100U~E Gtll IlEUtl1 Ilas corn IlE to 1tO",U1t",OlCO

1tp6~llllla t1;<; 1tPOEA.EUGllS tOU :nllapiou, roG,tO?O 1t~E1tEl vd t,?viGOUf.1E l)t\ ol 1tapa1to.v(J.) xpcnxo: GXl1ll(l'ttGIlOl. OEV ~PtGKOVtaV OAOt eno tOlO t1ti1tEOo KOl\'(J.)V\KOOtKOVolllKf\<; Uva1ttu~l1C;. fla 1tClpaOEl'YIlCl tvii» to. KpUt'fl trov KapaKOYlOUVA.OO Kat trov 'AKKOYlOUVAOD TitClV, ro<; M 1»6t.L0, TtlllVOllaOlKoi GX1WanGIlOt IlE <puAEtlKll Gtpatl(J.)tlKll OP'YUVfOO1l31, eno. Il1tEllA.iK\a t1;<; 'AvCltOAia<; ot <PEOUOClAtKE<; GXEGEt<; dXav roPlIlo.GEt Kal lCUplapXOUGE 0 t01td<; ti\<; iOtOKtllGlCl<; 1tAllPOU<; 1CUPU)t'fltaC;32. 'E1tOIlEV(J.)<;, OEV Il1tOPEi vd yiVEt AOyO<; yta orpunem~ ya~ (}to. Il1tEllA.ilCla aimi, Ylatt 'to XClpaKtl1PtGttKO trov yatrov

tOO; ElVUl Tt 011:0 opou<; KUP10t'fltCl ti\s yi\s·

It11v ltpaYllanKot'flta, to tlllo.ptO -o1tOta Kt liv iitClV ta oroi-

XEia 11:00 to ouyKpOtllGav-, Ilt t11 1l0P<Pll1tOD f:1ttKpo.tl1GE GtllV ~v\Kll autOKpatopia, Titav tVCl<; OEcrllOs 6OrollavtKOs, npotov tciv \(}tOPlKrov OUv9TJKrov ltOO dxav blallop<proOEi tots crtll Mixpd • AGia Kat tllv UvatoA.lKll EuproJt1l, Ol1AaOl1 crt 1tEptOXtS 1tOD S1ttKpatMaV mp\IlEC; cptoUOOA.lKEs crXtcrElC; otav KataKA.DcrtllKav U1tO PClppapuc:~ ~EC;. • AltO autll tllV a1to'l'll, to rtudpio, roe; OEIlEAtroOl1e; ci'yponKO<; OtG~ trov KataKtlltrov, Mv U1tOtEAEi «u1tOllilll1crl1» il cioo'Yarrl" cUA.6. cittoppota trov U1tattllcrE{J)v crUYKEKptllEvroV IoropiKiiv Ol)~K(j)V. 'A1to tllV ai.All ~pla, ~ <pUGtOYV(J.)lliCl tOO nucpiou mi rile; t1tiG'flllllC; iOlOKtllcriae; tfje; yfj<; criyoupa 1tClpoucriasE OPlcrllt~ cMIloyitc; pi tO~ OEGIlO6c; 1tOD \J1tfjpxav crt liAAOUe; KpClttKODe; <J'X1lt14t\G~ tfje; KWtP\'KfjC; Kat MlKPciC; 'Aotcc Kata tic; ncpouo~ riK ~v\Kfj<; t~a1tA'(OOll<;, ·(tati acrcpaA&c; OEV OtClIlOPCProOl1KE ~Uptllta ci1to tOve; OEcrJlODe; 1tOV icrxuClv crta KCltaKtl1llEVCl cpEOU-

It I H. Uzu~, ,XIV ve XV·jnel asirlarda Anadolu ... » a.1C" o. 99 !c.£. Tou .,. o..nb devletJ ••. o.Jr., e. 160-163.

31 1 H U~I, Anadolu beylikkn ve Akkoyunlu, Karakoyunlu devletlai, (Tn ~ t1\t; M ,~ 'Ao' ~ !Cui "Ill lCp<iiTJ troy 'M;:lCO'(LOIJVlolJ Kaf tcilY KapCllCo, .,...106), ·A'J1'b9G 1937, !J. 58 d

Jl 0 L Ittba, qer'l mira. hukuku H.lt, O.1C., a IS()...157. SA. hfoT)~ tn fnpa.<pa .. ~ 61 H Uzu~r'lh, OsmanII dcvleti ... , G.ff., o. 164·1&6 nOI) It<pOpOIIV ..... ~ 0't41"ttl}i iKW,

TO TIMAPIO

29

OClAlKa KpatTl. To 6O(J.)llaVtKO tunipto OIl(J.)e;, ro~ cr6crtlllla eEcrllrov, U1tOtEAEi tllV 1tt0 OAOKAllp{J)IlEVllIl0~ ti\e; UVCltOAlKfje; orpcnernKOCPEOUOClA\'Kfj~ yawKtllcriae;33.

CH orpcrtomxr] opyavrocrl1 'trov 'OSrop,avrov rov 140 Kat 150 alcOva

"Oco 1tOAUa.ptO~E~ slvm oi S~E\.OtKEUIlEVEe; ~EAttEe; 1tOD nupououisouv U1tO'l'Et~ yta tllV 1tPOtAEUcrll tOO ttuapiou Kai Yla. tOD~ 1tClPa.yOVtEe; 1tOD S1tEOpacrav crtllV tEAlKll1l0P<Pll tOU, roco cr1ta.V\E~ elver ol spyacriEe; 1tOD 1tEPltXOUV crtOtXEia Kai crllll1tEpa.cr~ata Ylo. ta. crta.Ola tfje; olallopcp{J)crll~ Kat S1ttKpa.tTlcrlle; to\) ttIlClPt(J.)tlKOD crucrt~llatOe; crtllV 60{J)~av\Kll ClDtoKpatopia. To KEVO auto otv elver U1tAll crll~- 1ttrocrll, aAAa cruVE1tEla 'tfj~ UVE1tapl(OO~ eVClcrXOAllcrll~ Ilt to ~llTlllla. 'E~a.AAOU, ~ tOW Tj OtClOlKacri.a S~EAt~lle; tOU ttuupiou a1tO «i 1tprota tOU crta.OtU ~EXPt tllV 1tClyirocrll tOU ro~ Kllpiapxou crucrtllllatO.; yawKtllcriae;, Oa crKtClypClCPOOcrE, crt IlEYa.AO ~aOJlo, Kal tiC; KlVT)tllPU:'; ouva~Ete; tfj~ 60{J)IlClVtKf\~ xotvoivie; Kaero~ xui tie; IlEta~OAES crtll oOllllKai. TllV Ioopponin roue, roe; ta usou 'tOt, I50u a\rova.

Triv 1tEPi.OOO 1tOll ~EAEtOUIlE, to ruuipio SxEt ro~ Kupta U1tOOTOAll tll oovnipnon tOO otputoii tOO tt~aplODXO\) xui, art' a' ttlV rriv li1to'l'll, EXEt crtEVll crxtcrT) IlE tll crprmomxr] opyavro<Jll wi] . Oro}!ClVl.KOO KpatOu~. Tr' ClUtO ~ crDVtOIlTl uvacrKo1tT}crll tfj; <iva.1rt\:~ll~ Til; 60rollaVtKfj<; crtPCltl{J)ttKfj<; 6pyav(Ocrl1~ ea. ~OTleOOOE va . omor tV xui ol U1tapxte; tOU nuupiou.

Tov 130 uldrvu, Eva t~fjlla tfj.; to\)pKOlla\'lKl)'; j,fj.:; t ~ V '0

s(J.)v KaYll, IlE TjyEtTl tOV 'EPtO,¥POt)A, E1tal;E onuovn .. crtpCltl(J.)tlKllopyav{J)crl1 trov Q'EA t~Ol\K\KWV nup ~ '60~ 1. \ 1tOO ~tav YVrocrtE~ ro~ ovr~ (uc). To Q'OlIAtU\ lit t '1' \1 rncs to 1tClpCl1tav(J.) Ol)Q'tlllla YU1 vd 6p¥o\' , (JEt n.; T \ P' uvi t.; <pUAE~ 1tOO dXClV IlEtaKtv110El '!tpO~ ttl. cri\\' pa TO\ mE~ Il vsc d

tou; Moyy6AO\)~. To crollATOVa.tO 010 ttE\ . T) \' ~U \ All-

O\)G~6 npo; to UVatOAl1<.:O Kat \\tl1l:tl r t) (T\ vc U Kilt r i\ \

3 '. P. A. von 1 ischendorf, ('l1T., o. 2

J4

AfPOTIKEr rXHE:l1 LTHN OeQMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

TO T1MAPIO

35

'H STUl10upyta Kat li 1tProtJ.lll J.lopqnl tOU rtucptou

ot tbtupX£~ tOU nuapiou OWOf:ovtat, oUJ,lq>wva J,lf: ttlv napUOOOT], Ilf: to 6voJ,lU TOU nprotou 6ewllavou oO\.JJ.:tavou 'OOIlUV A' (1289-1326). Itov 'OoJ,lav, npiv (iK:olla anooww.:utd ano 10 00UA1aVO wu 'IKoviou, dxuv nupaxwP'10d <.O~ ikta~2 yail::<; yupw an010 KapaXtcrap. '0 Hammer, 6 Belin Kat 6 Tischendorf 8EWPOUV on "to. npdrtu ttudptn 3\UV&J,l1l8ttKav ano tOV 'Ooucv Kat 01T]pU~Ouv 1tl yvrollT] toix; auttl at nAl1pocpopiE~ tOU Nesri xui tOU Sa' adeddin. '0 'Oouuv £OWOE 10 ~laAi>ttpo Iltpoc; t&v yal&V 1011 oro KapaXtoap O"t~ y1.,O 10U 'O~Xav tv& to UnOAOlJtO n;;pE 0 aOEAq>oc; roo rKLOUV"tOU~. 0 nE8EpOe; rou , "Evtt MnaAtl nf\PE to Bilecik Kat ol Suo crpunorncoi 1iYf:"tEe; rou 6 Kovouc VAAn xnl 6 Toupvour vAAn, n;;pav 10 Yar Hisar Kat to Aynegols1. O{ yalEe; yUpw ano triv Ilpouou Kat to Tapanili MOT]Kav otoi>e; cdnnOtEe;» rou, 1:' o;n aq>opii rou; 0 pou; Ilf: rou; orroiouq XOP111oUvtaV tei nllapta crov 68rollaVtKO crpuro oi napanavro ouylpacpd~ aKA&<; avacptpouv on oi «innore;» dxav tTJV unoxptroOT] va xpoocptpouv otpanrotlKtc; i>nT]pEOtE~, on OEV £xavav to. nllapui toue; xropi<; anoxprovta AOYo, on ol YLOi KAT] povouoixrnv to. rtunptrotlKa O\KalroJ,lata t&v nattpwv roue Kat tOU~ 01.a&f:xov"tav EnioT]~ OtO otpat1rotlKO a~irollaS4. 'H ~t~Ato'ypaq>ta "tOU 190u aicOva anOtUncOvEt ~ dl1pocpoP~ au"tE~.

Oi airnpoVOt iOtOP1KOi elver mo npocexnxot o"tav nEptypafO\)Y faxapaKtT)plonKei t&v orpcnomxev yatwv nou XOPtlYT]OE 0 ·OoJ.lciv. '0 Koprulu, yui napcioEtYlla, unAwc; E7tloT]llaivEt on, OUIlfOMl JJt ttlV 1tapcioooT), <> npwto<; nOD OtEV£tIlE yaiE~ litav <> 'OoJJciv's, tyro 6 J. Deny dpvsitut vd anoq>avSd opiorucd 0' o,n a.opa t6 £loo<; troy yalrov aUtwv51,. Oi t7tlq>UAa~Et<; w~ npoc; ro xapa-

'2 M .BellO, 6.K., o. 16.

'3 P. A vou Tischendorf a.tr., o. 36-37. M, Belin, 0.1(., o. 223. 'E1ti(}TJ~ J. von

..... 6.~. I, (J 331,414-415.

,. P A. von TJJChendorf, 6.tr., (1. 37. " lit F K6prfl 0,6.11 o. 131.

" J Dcay, 6.~ .• e. 832.

KtT]PtcrIlO roue elver ftnOAuta OlKatOJ..oYT)IlEVE~. 'Ere. Ot6, XPOV1~O tOU Koca Huseyin avaq>EpOVtal ol tOtOl livSpronol <.O~ anoOEKtEc; troy EKXroPOUIlf:VffiV yal&v. T6 XPOVtKO au"to ypaq>tT)KE tOV 170 aioova Kai, Kata ttl YVcOllTl troy EKOOtroV 'tOU, paoi<JtT]KE of: naAalOtEp~ 60roJ,laV1Ka XPOVtKa. 'H £KXOOpT]OT] tWV yalwv, nOll npaYllatOnOl1l8T)Ke to btt>tEPO Xpovo t;;C; paolAda~ tau 'O<JIlOV, nEplypoq>Etat <Jt Eva K~~AatO IlE tOV titAO «Karovoun trov xffiptrov xci trov nO/.£row. fla tU; lOtEe; tte; yaiE~ nou napaXffiPTleT)Kav 0' f:KttVT] t1lV Ka"tavOIlTJ XPT)<Jluonotsitrn o xoivo; opo~ ikta £,vro, Airo n~paKa'tro: <lV~~EPOV:at ~c; miilk ve msl'". Elver llaAJ..ov pepalo Ott tT]V £1t0XT] tOU Oounv OEV £IX£ ftnoKpuotaJ..J..roed Evac; opoC; 'Yta tiC; 'YaiE~ not) OtavEIlOVtav <Jta ilEA" tile; oOUAtaVtK;;~ OiK(}YEvEla~, on:roc; otv £IX£ KaeOp1.<Jt£l J,lt aKpipEta Kat. 1i xcrnyoptc toue;.

Ol yalEe; n:ou DtaVEIlTleT]KaV ano rov 'Ooudv, aKollT) Kt liv KaAOUVtaV «nudptu», O6oKoAa eo. unopooocv vd ruuncrobv J,lE tic; yalEC; nOD napaxropouvtav croix; 6SroJ,lavoue; crpcruonxou; rriv EnoX1l tOU MEXIlf:'t B ' . Triv f:noXTl autTl it 6SffillaVtK1l autoKpatopia 1l6Ate; €llnaLVE cro jurcpterrrco OUOtT)lla xni otv elxav <lKOlll1 naytffied oi avtiOtOtxOl Bscuot. "Av ollroe; 6 'Ooudv dXE npoXffiPtl<JEt tOOO, mOtE va 6pyavooou ttuuptcmxo orpuro, yta n:ot6 AOyO of DtaOOXOt tOU so. EntOtp£q>av OtO q>UA£ttKO orporo "twv H.Ei>OEProv XroP1Krov; "Ortex; "8,, avaq>tpall£, to. oOOIl{l'ta "twv yaya Kat trov miisel/em 6pyav<i:JeT]Kav Ent Mouprit A' Kat otattlPT]oav lCUpiapXT] Ot<Jll O'tO crpcro mC; to tf:AOe; tile; paatAEia~ tOU Ba'Yla~it A'. effie; aut1l tTlV EnOXTl to ouOtT]lla troy «dxpoiv» (uc), xapaKtTlptOnKo tO~ vollaOtKOU rponou ~ffi;;~, pptcrKo'tav f:nl(JT]e; ot Jt/'TlPl1 UKIl1l OtO YEO xpdroc. 'Enousvox; oev EUOtaOEt 1i unO'l'l1 no' 1tPEO~£' El on 6 OE- 01l0e; 'tOU ruiupioe 0l1IlLOUPY1lSllKE OtU np&Ta XPovta to ~ 69ffillavlKOU xpdrooc. To mo m8avo elver ott 6 'Ooudv OtOiKll<JE ~t to' c; ouyy£vde; "tOU 'tU €Oaq>T] nOD tiXE Ka'taK'tTl<J£l <JTTl Mixpd • Acto. 'H npaKtlKTJ aO"t", f:~aAAOU, ~tav noAU olaoEoollb'll ord ~n:ET)AiKla tliC; • Ava"toAiae;, onou KaSE IlEAOC; "(tic; OiKo'YE\'e\a~ 1tO~ 1)m\' Ott\ ,t~o - cia, OlOlKODoE 'ttl 0\ KTJ rou JrEPt({)EpEta Kat encipvs J,ltp ~ <JTO' nOAEIlOue; ~lt to OlKO ron orpur ~

57. Hiiseyin bcde 'i ul \ ks'm CKI • 5R. M. I'. Ki'prilhi, ("If .. o I 9.

10 TIMAPIO

~ 'it tyKatOOtaOT) tOW ~paylCwv (Hi<; pWJlat.. JIII- ~ V'C6"1£~ OU~J.WXiE<;, ol anoiee; ~aai(oV'tav __ Wi. hen Kat ~ 6&>~avllCtl eloPO}·tl otd eoaq>T] trov Ji •• -fY, tOO BtX;avtlou Kai trov pa/.lCavllCWv ICPOTroV YP'\'YopTIclnoauip8pwoT) trov aXEm;oov no~ aUVEXll;;av fit ,uMtlKtl 6pyQvwoT). 'H otaOllCaaio alrtD h:oT]-

.t'(tlpnrn:po,", t"~ y"~ 0& KponlCD iOlOlCtT]aia, OT]/.aotl at ptaPll1~ yalOKtT)tlK1;e; tU~T]<;, nou 1tpoaq>ota dXe ~ Kat vA ~v ("tE~aipeoT] t1;e; y1;e; (ho tOu<; np0T]"(ou~._~ t~. "EtOl, Ota J,l£OO tOU 140u aiwvu, oi ICOtOlCtT]RUllO"" 1rpcit~ paOlKEC; vOJ,l08etllCte; roue npu~ele;, O[IC£l-

.......... 'Yf\ KaU cm\ cpeoUOI1AllCtllColvoovia anOteAei to ICtJP10 &t6 t6 y£yovoe;, ano J.l0VO rou, unooellcvoel Ott i] _:;taD fIOu&JA10~OU Ottlv 68OOJ,lOVllCtl corvevtn £1tlteAoUv- 1RI!Il,"" up(o&. Movo J.l' autov tOV tpono t~T]yeitot nwe;-co ___ • "1\p~oo£ otiC; KOtalCtT]J.ltvee; yoh:e; to lCu8eatwe; 'tOu 6aoto clVtlOtOlxouae at npoq>eO\)OUAlICO tponCY'1topa_nf1l&C 1tPflltO£J.lcpavl~OVt<ll we; OT]J.lUVtllCte; crpcnom-

_IK~R bpUJJjtv£c; 1tTl'ytC; noo XPOVOAOYOUVt<ll crriv EnOXrl tOU r. mpti&lYJ,la, a' Eva q>lpJ.lUVl tOU Moupdr nOl) EICOOE~PE~ dvacptpnal: (mptnel v ' avoi~ele; tie; noptee; lII;l.C,.Q_; ttpolptC; Kai oropa a'tOoe; on<lxiiOe9)6R. '0 Nesri, at ""120.plypcicpOvtae; trl J.lUXll 'tOU Kocouoonsdtou (1389) - .... ~ tpci)v£ to ",roJ.ll tou aouhuvou ... »69. Ilup' oAa G11J.I£la>8Ei ~tl ol anaX1;oee; OEV avoq>EpOVtat atoue; ..... DC 1106 .p,ypcicpouv ttl ouvgeaTJ toi) O'tPUtoU. 'An' oAee; .,,~6pGkc; Jr06 UplypciCP£l a Nesri, woe; sa!, tulb, kosun lCui

u.: .• _ _"o( td.wtaiol dval ouvatov vd EICAT]q>80uv we; anaxiioee;. iY1J t6ao '" mhoetaTJ 00'0 lCal i] lCatav0J.lrl troy J.lOVU- 1\tuv omcpopetllC£C; ano trlv EnOXtl tiiC; alCJ.l1;e; tOU

CJ1l8X1\&ov7l• 'H 0XEtlKU aovt0J.lT] ~aatAda tOu Bevin-

~it A' (13 9-1402) otv aq>T]O'e lXV1l aTtlv 6pyuvrool1 troy otpanwtlKWV YUtwv. I1UVTOO;, UVUJ.lCO<l OTU (JTPUTe?J.l~Ta not> ~OtlYl1(JE 6 croUA'tU\'Oe; a'tD J.laXll tli~ "A ylClJPU~ (1402) unllPxav Ka\ onaxi\5E~

. ., p' '\ 72

ano rriv • A «rros.ic lCal tT] OUJ.lCr..l1 .

Tu XPovla ano TO 1402 <iS~ TO 1421, OT]Au0tl ano trlv uiXJ.laA.(t)oia tOU Baytash ffi~ TOlf.AO~ Tii~ paolAdae; TOU MCXJ.li:t A' (1413-142~) civet i:~alpCTtKU 011I.1UVTlKU YlU, ttl J.leAtTl1, tlie; ?OroJ.luvuci'j~ ~O\VroVla~ ylUtt TOtC oX11J.lati~etat ~ uU1OICpa.tOpta. or n~AEJ.l.?lno~ ~tonaccv uvuJ.lcoa otOo~ "(lOVe; TOt) BaYl?SlT otv ~tav unAro~ .a~rova~ Y1(1 ttlv KatUA11'Vll tOU 60OOJ.lUV11Cotl Opov~u. LTll Ol?J.lUXl1 a\)"[l1 ~VEnAo.K110av Kat OplO'J.ltva KOIVUlV1KU crpreuntu nou E~un11~etOUVta~ 'i\ unE1AOllVTav uno rriv EJ.lq>UVtOll tillv <ptouowv. Bcpatroc; oev J,l1tOpEl yo. yiVEt UKOIl11 AOyO~ ytU nAtlPW~ OlUIlOPq>WJ.lf.vll <peo~oaAl~rl Ta~l1. Ol tOtOpwypU<pOt otv uyvoouv TOV 1C01VrovtIC0 xapalCt~pu t1le; Ol~X.l1~ aut1i~, av KUt, yta ttl q>WUOO1tOll1aT] tii~ 6~OOllaVIKl1~ ICOlVOOVl~ \)\0- OetOUv tOV UOptOtO opo «EICA<ltlVtcrJ.l0e;». 0 Mouaa TaEAeJ.lnl1 -6 «EnavaOtUt11e; npi.YK11na~» lCatU rov Wittek dxe J.lE to J.l£pO~ tOU onooe; ii011 ava<pcpaJ.lE, tU q>uAetllCU orputeountu, woe; «tAeOOEPOU~» XroptKOUC; 6p"(avOOI.1EVoU~ at croollUta yaya ICUl miiseJlem KaOw~ Kat J.luCec; AUOU, J.lOUOOUAJ.lUVOUC; Kat XP10ttaVOUC;. Ku~uOlCtPl1~ tou "'tav o Mxevrpsvriv LllluPrl, a npoop0J.l0C; lCui tJ.lnVWOTD~ troy A.aiKrov K1V11J.lUtoov ctri XPOVtU tOU MCXJ.lEt AT. 'Enouevo»; 6 MODoo. orov ayoova svcvriov trov aocAq>wv tOU npoonu811oe npuYJ.lattlco. yo. tK~taAAEU1:Ei t11 paOlU ouoaptolCEtu tWV xroptlCWV "(lU T11V tnl~Atl tmv q>touooov. '0 MeXJ.lEt A', ano ttlv nJ.eupu tOU, Otl1piX9rtKE orriv aU~UVOJ.lEVll MvuJ.ll1 tillv onuXtl0OOv KUt oTie; QWO VOEOE1~ to ~ tel q>EOuoaAllcu J.lnCl1AtKtU tile; . Avuto),i.ae;. xai t~un£Auoe avtA.tl1tou<; OtOOYJ.l0Ue; svovttov tillv q>UAEtllCroV crOOJ.lUtrov to- Mo au Kal tmv A.aiICrov J.laSrov73. 'H Icropucri avaYKatoTllta no' dxc otP£'Vt1 tTtV 6&>-

72. P. Wittek, «De la defaite d'Ankara a la prise de Constantinople (un demi-siecle d'histoire ottornane)», Revue de Etude lslsmiqu 12 (193 ),0 15.

73. 6.1C .. o, 16-34. G. 1. lbragimo " «Kre: t'yan iye \0 taniya v Turt ii v

VV.», (0{ aypotl1(t~ t~cytpo£K Ott)\' Tot pKla rev 150-160 aicOva) Vizantii kii VTMJel)nik VII, cr. 133-140. A. D. Novichev, «Kre t' an koe staniye \ Turtsii nachal . veka», (,H aypotlKl\ i#yrpol1 Ottl\ TO\ plda :o.tatt _ ciPX£ r \ 150 airovult, ProbIemI vostokos eJ('ni) a 3 U 9(0).

,~j-_1iarti Ip(JtDeDItsi. 6.11., 0. 12. _t ... _ ~ M£1, 6.11., 0. 60.

AfPOTIKEI IXEIEII ITHN OenMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA G

- ~, .. ,., U ICnntOU~ 1tOU KatEixav av<im:pOI a~IWlla'toi)-

-lAV t06 ~VlICO ,,- e - - I:: ' -

,..- A\ ial 'H ICa~htpwoll tOU souou 'tWV ull1l00LWV yaIwv

- di aUlIollCO . " - M - 'A'

,,_9 -,.I. OtolCpatia tOW J,l1tET]II.IKIWV 'tll~ l1cpa~ Ola~

lcJIpIf8 "IV "pI , ' 'I:: ' 0)::' 8 '

baYriov tOU MolJ.1avlIcou KpUtOU~. ,H ~vtlu~a~l1 't~u~ :.,~v 11KE J.l~

n\v ~01l tOU tlJ.1apiou, OT]A.aoT] tTl ~OJ.l11 't~~ Y11~ IlE, o~ou~. ~o npGplO ~ a1ttlA.OUot: xui OOOll~ IW'tEIXav J,lOUA.Kta crnv lOla 't11V

a6toICpCltOpia. "

'H t1tl8£01l tOU M£XJ.1Et B' l«lt~ ;t;s tOUPK1~t;~ apl(J:o~pa;la~

tiK 'AvatoA.i\~ i>1ti\~E aJ.1dA.l"l~. To 18~0 OKA.~pa ,;'t~V Kat ro Il~'tpa KOU 1riiP' yui va t~Ou5&tEpffiO£l O?ou.:; ,r.~xav yalE~ 1t~ 11POU~ KUPLO't11~ tat; (JW6A.tC1Q) Ot1)v autOKpalOP:a. ~l \~lO~lKOt, OEV OuvE,owav 't~ pttpCI QUta J.1& t1)v KaSaipr.o11 T] Kat 'to <pave a~tWl!aLOUXwv 1tOU muixav i>1I'llA~ atOtls ot1) OL01KT]011 Tfie; alnoKpaLOpta~, KA.11POvquD oucauilJ.1an, 01[w,:; sivui ~ 1tEpi1ttW011 'tOU XaA.!A. Touvrupxf B' al ~ bp6ICEltO y\U to 1tpono J.l\ae; OEtpas IlE'tPWV rtou dXav cmlxO Ott axAOl<; va tYlCa91bpuoOUV to 'tlllaptw'tlKo ouOt11lla, o.A.A.U

va to bnpaAo v ot ~apo.:; 'trov J,lOUA.KtWV, aVE~UPt11'ta ano to (iv 11 Mpyaa aUnl aa 60TJ'YOiJOE OE aVOtlCtrj P1)~l1 J.lE LOUe; KatOXOUe; ~ 'H uvrP1I(1) ~ouoia E<prjPJ,lOOE 'trjv 1tOA.tnKrj 't11e; IlE OUVEnEla .. ma8£p6tTJta, t4pOO0v o ' 0A.11 'trj OtUpKEla 'tfje; ~aotA.Eia~ LOU MqJ&tt D' oott ~uA.lCta 1tapaxwprj911Kav OU'tE VEa ~aKou<pla iopu-

moe; axo ta ooubaVIKU 3. 'H 1tOA.t'ttKrj alnrj ouvO\jli~&'tat (J Iva ~ xov tOvi~E'tal OE noA.A.u 09wIlavlKu £yypa<pa: O1:rjV ~ t . MtlJ.1i't B', OptOIlEVWV 1l0UA.Kiwv xui ~aKou<piwv Xav iO~i xpiv 't1)v avapP11(1) tOU (HO Bpovo, Kat O'ttl XPTJGIfIOJIO'1JOl1 tciJv tiooOTlJ.la'twv LO\)<; "(lU 'trj O'T]IlLOupyia rtunpirov.

T6 yqOYOc; a' to, tvro £XE1 rspdcnu 011llaoia Y1(i 'ttlIlEA.t't'T] 'tfj~ ~'K t - ~ICoO 'tlJ.laptWnKO\) ouorriucroq, aYV0tl811KE ano

IcnopucOOc;. 0{ "Yui~ 1ti.rjpou~ Kl.!plo't'T]'tae; ano'tEA.OUOaV trj ~aGIl tik oiICOYO,llIClK OlIVUJ.111e; 'trov atJ).llCrov, ij onoin €~EA.iXt'T]KE ot d.'tPOYOf.IlJCtl "YQWICtTltllCrj apto'toKpa'tia. v Apu, j ornov, ij Kata.pJ'IIC"\ tooc; tIC'~\ oaq><i>~ trjv 1tpoffi8T]011 'to\) rtuupiou ot xupiupVl JIOPf11 tik ftoWaA.1Ki\~ yalOKHlfJia; oro aypo'tt1(o auo'tlllla 'tfj~

... cm.~ B

PW 61lo2iJ

at T IJf1 fa IJ 100. Id,

TO TIMAPIO

43

autoKpatOpiae; ano ta J.ltoa tOU 150u uidrvn Kai Gon:pa. Oi 1[0A.1nKE~ ouvEnEIEe; 'tfj~ €VEpy£to.<; atJ'tfjs tOU MEXJ.lEt B' ,;tav aVaJ.l<Plo~TJ't'T]ta' nprotov i) Ka'taOtOA.tl trov KataA.oinwv tfj<; <pWI.!OaA.lKfje; aplO'toKpatia<; trov ~nE11A.1.Kiwv xui, OEUtEPOV 'to anO<paOlOtlKO KtU1[T1- J.la tfj~ aVEPXOIlEV11<; KA.11POVOl-ltKfje; yatOKt'T]tlKfje; o.PlOtOKpatio.<; O'ttlv'iOta ttlV autOKpatopia. 'H KEVtPlKtl OLOi.KTl0'T], Yla. vd 1tEtUXEl aU'to to tEA.£U'tato, otv stXE UA.A.'T] €nt/.oyrj a1tO 'to vd Ot'T]PlXtEi oro 1t0A.ua.pl8J.l0 otproJ.la trov KatwtEpWV atpanw'tt1crov, 'trov onaxtl0wv. '0 MEXllt't B' aVEA.a~E Eva tsroto EYXEiP'T]lla Kai Katop8woE vd 'to 1tpaYJ.latOnOltl0El 000 T\tav o.KOIl11 crriv €~ouoia, "fEyOVOe; 1tOU anoOE1.KVUEl ott oi crnaxfjOEe; ,;'tav ,,011 apKE'ta lcrXlJpoi Yla. vd unoot'T] pi~ouv rriv KEV'tPtKtl €~OUOtQ, o'ttlv 1tOA.tttKtl t'T]e; svnvriov 'trov xcroXwv IlEYa.A.ffiV 1l0UA.KLWV xui ~aKou<pi.wv, Kai €1tlnUov O'tl stXav ijOTl EopmffioEt ttl 8EO'T] tOU~ OttlV KOlVWVlKtl OOJ.ltl tfje; autoKpatopi~84.

'0 MEXIlE't B' PU81l10E opurnxd to Ka8EOtw:; rou nucptoi, J.1t Eva VOJ.l08EttKO nA.EYJ.la nou napouOla.1;;El iOlaitEpo £volaq>Epov yta'ti unoO'T]A.WVEl to ~a8J.10 'tfje; KOlvwvlKo01KOVOlltKt;:; ava.nTlJ~11; til; o9WJ.lavlKfj~ KOt vwvia~ IlE'ta. to OEU'tEPO J.ltOO LOU 150l, aiw a. '£oro 1tPE1tEt vd E1tl011I-la.vOUJ.lE on 0 Fr. Babinger o'tTJ IlEUtll rou "Yta ttl\ E1tOX,tl tOU Ilopflntf aYV011aE alnrj 'trjv n111'1l1tA.'T]p0<l>Opui)V, a u: wvovtuc J.lOVO tpeu; OEA.ioE~ roD OYKWOOU; 't01l0 to a't11 OO~tl -a. trjv KW01.KOnoi'T]o'T] 'trov tlJ.lapiwv8S. ~ Av 0 icropucoc aL1'O; E'XE cru - 'tOJ.lEUOEt 'ttlV £K8wrj tOU 0XEnKa. IlE TrjV nohnKTJ roPlJ.l' t 'to. t - MEXJ.lEt B' Kai ElXE EJ.l1tA.OU'ttcrEl 'to EPYO TO IlE T11\ a '0.;' a rot 01tOUOatOtEpOU V'tOKOUJ.lEVLOU Tfj; €noxii.; £KEiv11':;. r . -E. X t; a -

<pt~oA.ia, 8a. dXE ouvst Ka8apa. ij Suicrucn a\ <lJ.lEcra crt E K'

dPTJVtKfj~ npoooou Kat &\'>11IlEpia;S6 1tOll ncp \;aui~ 1:;\ K 1 cr 8lVtl Kata.cr'tao'T] 'trov npaYIl<lTw\,.

'0 vouo; tOU MEXI1EL B' StatpEi'tUl ot reocs a xc a~ mu

a) nspi anaywyfj~, ~) nspi €1tieW'T]<;. E;l P ta

pi oivonooiuq, KA.01tfj.:; Kat OUKO "da.:;

84 norru.;ut('1 on) KEI!'. B ,)AII ,-I \'tQI fl

MI:XptT R .

85. Fr. Babing r ti.1r. 0, 'i~ I ~

86, (".71' • (\ 4Ql{ K J.

"

TOTI

1 ~ Aoi~91. 'H ~ova a autT16vo~ciOtT) E kJ1J9, nOll oT)~aiou&( Ylatl 6 aKoOtt'tTJ~ tT)~ dx.e ~ia Kai l1oVO "noxptWOT), 0.

poo"p 1 Kpo<J(J)Kl ~ OtpatlootlKT1 t,nT)pEoia "OnOlO noco ~tnEpt6 klh~ Kpoo~ttpl6tav w~ hisse, OT)Aa T1 01..I1reA:I1Pwl1a92. Ilo. ci cru~KA.1\p(J)~a KOll npooau~avt ro paO'lKO j.lt tt:Oo~ "COu nuuplou, 6 oux1\ avaA.a~~av tnl1tp609EtE~ unoxpE6>oEl~, 011A.aoTl vo. O\)V-

t1l Otpat\(J)t\ ~VelOE~ Kat va naptXEl no .. ej.llK6 6nAlol16.

at avaA. yia ~ "Cel 000 j.li:Pll 10- ttuuplou, kl!J9 Kai hi se, ta tlJlapla ola pwovrav ot j malh xui hi eli. ' 'KElvu not> dxuv ro X10tO a ictpeto ~t"(d}o~ aV'1KUV OtT1V npWtll KUtll,,{opiu Kat va KOU dXCJV !Cal OU~11tA.T1Pooj.lU, t "C6~ 'tOl) k11J9, OtTl 6Et'm:pT). 'H P'OTI aun; {OXVE Kui "(Hl 'to. ~tUj.lhLU KUt dx.f; lOluhEPll crt1l1uoiu. 6lA.0xuJlo ~y&9 ~ nou uxopouoa va EXEl f.VU ~Wj.lhl Tlmv 20.000 4c:nrpa 'Y,",PXuv <>j.looc, ~EC1j.li:llU nOll <inOtEAOl>V"CUV ano 'tlj.lo.PlU, ata 6K ta j.l£ "C6v !cUlP ElX!: ltpoo"CI:Od f.VU~ aPtOj.lO~ hisse, Ihol WO"CE

PVO oav "C6 no06 lOW 20.000 uonpoov. TO. npdrru Ot::wpOUVtClV IClUJJl lalpEtU, KUt ta OEll1t:pU hisseli. 'H Oto.KPloll autT1 tiXE CJ ,,6 va an tpt",&l "C'1 Olo.onuoll tWV tKtUO!:WV, not> dxuv napeXQ)P1l9d ~ ~&Uj.ltt\U, KUla "CTlj.lEwPipuoT1 "CQUe; ot vsoo; onaxfloE<;. • vtl9tta ta tl).1aplu nou j.lEtatptnovluv ot ~Wj.lhlU j.lt "CTlV 7tClPOOO

XpOvo fttU VU"Cov va llUlPEOOUV, o"Cuv j.lE"CaPlPa~OvtClv94.

Td tl~apla mxplvovruv EniOllC; ot tezketesiz (xwpi~ mcronomn ) at tezkereli (j.lt moroxomruco). Tezkeresiz ()voj.la~ov'tav ta tlJICiPla KO ltvE1J.1UV (roc; tTlv EnoXT1 "COD LOUA.ElJ.1av A ')95 01 j..17tET)A.aPf.l1rtll&~. rla t~ reapuxwpll0~ rou; otv ft"Cuv a1tapahll"CO va

1lt1\&i ~ dOElU ttl ~ KEV"CPlKtl - 01OiKll011C;· To j.ltYEOOe; "Cwv tezkercsiz

tcpooov"Co

kin i ni note XOO p tlVtaV ot UtO~lQ \ n XPC(I)J.l· \ U U \ re11 r or orpuro, P) ot

bent» b t, t' noie i v vtuv 01: nspico r pu are U rep6ooorea. 1t •

J.1t ttl m;tpu r us repoobp pm orpunornxt unllP' ot Kat y) ota

mustnhfiz, tU anoia j.lotpU~o -ruv ('f' j.ltl orprrnom 0\ 11A.a tl Kaof\

r.e;. vrsor pv"Cap11occ; K.U. "-Ji. ptcrJ.l1 vo rc J.lT1Plu u rc> ,,[cAEUtalO~

ttJ7tOC; ruropiou uvaq>cpl.HlI <il,:> b n h-i tltlik .

Of lJ7tOAOlm:~ Katl1'(opic ttuupioiv Lv napantj.l1tovv oro mco1to "Ctie; nupuX(OPllOl\e; roix, <it'! U {mo 11' drvouv ' plOJ.lCVC lupa8J.1l0£l(; OTtl olapOpwo11 TOG lOtO!) tOU Otl<JTtlJ.1U-r . '1 rot PlOJ.1tVO TlJ.1clpla, 1tOU KUtCl'Ypaq>oVtUl we; gedik, {voV"CU\' uovo ot rrp ')oooreu "[fie; aUAf\c; Kui uVW'U;pOlle; a~l.(I)J.1atOUxouC;. Oi KOIVOt onoxf}o£ ot.v olKalO-VtaV gedik 'tlJ.lUpIOn. 'H npOV0J.llOUXOe; 8toll tWV nuupitov out&v a1tOOEIKVUEtOt ano "Co Ott oi KU1:OXO{ tOU~ oUJ.ll1crdxav J.10VO otiC; £KOtpattiEC; nou Oll1UOUVC repOOW7tlKU a J.lcyut .. o ~d;" P11. 11/.aoT1 dxav 1tEP10Pl0J.1tvS~ \)1C0XPEWOCle;w.

TtA.oc;, ta ttJ.1aplCl tf}e; all'tOKpa'topiac; .:utavtl1ovtat 01:. «£AEllEh:pn» (serbest) Kat «j.ltl EA.CUOCPU» (gayr-i erbe t). 'H rcl.£utaia a tT1 Kata'ta~l1 q>avspwvcl ott ureflpxc ouq>T1C; <pEO oat I T1 lEpapxio OtO ttJ.luptwttK6 (JI)Ot11110J()(). TO. xama t& ' PC~UP11 W 'tw J.l1tCT) A.E pJ.11tI:.-

96. P. A. von Tischendorf, o.It., 0 90.

97. V. Moutaftchieva, «Kum vupro a 1.3 htflit ue . o.

98. J. Grzegorzewski, Z . id7llatov. tumclij tureckie (Td mf(i).za til; PO'I.1&A.Tj" ni\ bt X1'I -

A~6<p 1912, En nO 75. 100 99. J. Deny. o.lt., 0. 34- 35.

100. '0.; Y\·(j)Otov. it ~1~A.tOYI U IU \ t'xual Ttl' \'

OtO o9(Ol.1uv\t.:t1 <pcm ooAn::6 (}. OTlWU ~A. Le l'cmpire ottoman. ay1'l- v ~I(:nq vrnp 1 .2,0 6

«Ortazarnan Turk - Islam Ie dalizmi- ('0 T) ootevc), Belletc» \ tQ c. 33 .t

ArpOTIKEl: l:XHEI:E l:THN Oe!lMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

t&v O'uvt~ciICJ.ln£llOwv, trov vttsvtapTlOwv, trov nissnci ~1£€l'Jt&Y prlballlCai trov O'ouJ.l1£aO'TlbWV, Ku9ro<; KUl (lAAWV a~lOO~U~ d1t6 tiC; tci~£lC; trov O'1£UXTlbOOV avi)Kuv OAU ctriv Kutl'Jyopia

tlriQ&pwv» tlJ.lUpiOOVIOI. Td tuuiptu trov KUtrotEPWV O'1£aXTlbwv,

~tltpt;O'1'l aUta trov ~aiJ.lllOWv, 9EoopOUVtav «f..lTl EAEU9EPU». 'LtTlV ~11 ololuq>Optc; J.l£tU~U trov O\JO u\nrov ~UcrtKroV KU1:11yoptrov tv~OVtC1V O't1\v ICataVOIlTl ti)<; q>£OUOUAtKi)<; npooooou. 'Erct, ol ahoxOl UEi>9£pwV» ttuapimv b€v f..l0tpaSOV1:UV ti<; 1£poO'ooou<; 1:0U<; pt 4vimpo~ crtTlv i£paPXiu tlIlUPtoUXou<;, tvro ol KatoXOL 1:rov «flTl ib68£ptlY» tlJ.lapiwv llotpaSOVtUV t~ llfltO'eiU<; rti dO'ooTlf..lu1:U 1£OU ~oVtUV cino J.lta O'UYICEKPLf..l€Vl'J KUtllyopiu eopcov. Kurd O'UV€-

" mpc1Jmvw OtaICptO'll 9€O'ntSE O'X€O'Et<; t~aptTlO'Tl<; opiouevrov tqIGplO\Jx{J}v cino aH.ou<; xui EYKU9i.opuc:, u ' UUtOV tOY tP01£O, f..lta _'" f£OuOal..l1Cf1<; i£puPxtu<; O'tO tlflUptWt1.KO O'uO'1:TlflaI02.

DVtp11C1\ oloilCllO'Tl nupuxoopOUO'E, f..lE1:u~i~uSE, E1£EKtEtVE 1) KUt

~ ta tqlaPlU. napaAATlAU aO'KOUO"E EAEyXO crriv uU~TlO"Tl doOO1}f.UUwV -nlV 1tpm:PXOf..lEVTl a1£o tTl q>£OUOUAtKTl1£POO"ooo &1va6cnmv yatwv- 1£OU Oq>E1.AOtUV O"tTlV UU~TlO"ll roii 1£ATJ9uO"f..loU 11\V mllttpy£la lEpO'WV YULroV. Eivm q>UVEPO on Ul£i)pxuv d01.KE<;

~ KO' £unav E1ttf..lEAro<; rriv KUtaO'tuO'Tl1:rov ruicpkov, Oi ~ abt~ civf1Kav O'tO defterhane, crriv Ul£Tl psoto 1£0D eIXE tTlV .. 1'Mt lUi ta £0'00a Kui ti<; &U1£avE<; toU xpdroix. Td tlf..lUplUKa DtCionXa ",MlOOOvtUV O'f. tpEi<; ~EXWPtO'tE<; U1£TlPEO'tE<; tOU defter- 1IIae: em) icmaJ la/emi, mufassal kelemi KUt tuznemce kslemi'». 01 H Uzunearsih 'noO'tTJpi~Et51:l oi 8puO'tTlptOtTltE<; trov 61£Tl-

..... ".rm1!IVG1WO'1C01tOUOUV orriv npocrcoic trov puytaoO)v a1£o tt<; cwecll~oi£C; trov tlJ.lUPtoUxoov, KUt (JtOV l£CPtoptO"flO

.IIII __ .61f. 0 320-321 J von Hammer, !),fT, 0.311·312.

i)/,;:'.';\~.;"" ~ V Moutaftchleva, «0 feodal'noi ierarkhii v osmanskoi

XV XVI ¥Y.", (t;(tm:6 ~t t~ ~ o (JI IKTj icpf1pZiu rn6 oflmW' -".-~ _crm_,- Problem; vostokovedeniy« 3( 1960)

TO TIMAPIO

trov e~ouO'trov 1£OU aO'KOVO"UV oi t£AEUtuiOl O'_tOUe; U1tOt£A&~ tO~I04. Elver OflOO<; q>UVEPO Ott Of.v Tjtav U\>1o<; 6 0''t010<; 'ti)e; K&vtP1ICii<; oloiKTlO"Tl<;. 'H l£Epil£AOKl'J KU'tuypUq>Tl trov ttuapkov KUt 'Ii t&pacs'tlu ypaq>£tOKpatiu al£Ot£AoUO"UV 'to flOVO usoo nou oLE9En: to KpatO<; yul va U1£oO"l£aO'et tTl f..lquAun:pTJ Ouvun) yutOl£pOO'ObO al£O tie; OllJ.lOOI.£<; yai£c;. 1:uyXpovoo<; Of..lOOe;, f..l' UUtOV rov tP01£O E~uO'(paAl~& t1\ ouvnlPllO"TJ EVOC; aKOIlTl f..l&yUAUtEPOU q>EOUOUAl.KOU otpuroii, OE civta)..)..ayflU ti)<; npooooou 1£0U napuxoopovO"& O"'tOu<; Ll!lUpLrotEe;.

To ypuq>Eio icmal a1£Eypuq>E xooplO"ta "[a xaO'ta, ~&U!lELlU, 1l0UAKla Kat ~aKouq>lU flta<; OtOlKTlLlKi)<; 1£EPLq>EPEW<;, onueuovovrc; to OVOJ,Ul toU KU"[OXOU, 'tt<; O'tPUttOOLlKEC; lmoXPErom:l.<; KUl to h1\mo &iO'oOllJ.Ul 'tOUI05. ' A1£o ta icmal Ku'tCIO"ttXU 1£OU EXOUV StuO'w9d <pUtVEtal Ott of; uU'ta KataXOOptsovtav Kui O)..E<; oi flEtU~oH<; l£OU E1£EPxoVtav Ota ttflapta, O"tO XPOvtKO OLaO"tTlllu 1£0\J !lEO"OI v U~OUo"E f..lEtU~U 060 cinoy paq>rov 106.

'0 POAO<; trov mufassal Ku'tuotixwv rjtUV OlUq>OPELlKO<; .• AOIO-

AOUVtUV dStKOtEPU IlE tTl q>opoAoyiu "[rov Xavt8{J)v (hane) tOU ICa9£ rtuapiou KUt, El£0IlEvoo<;, EAEyXUV tt<; aA/ .. UyE<; 1£0' dlUV En€A9El OIL ma O"tO ruidpio aAAa crriv aypOttKTll£UPUywyll. &q>OO'ov Ta dooo1\uutu tOU tuicpio» 1£POEPXOV'tUv 0.1£0 'tTl oco OUAttC1\ q>opoAoyia rile; tEAEUtuiu<;. 1:ta mufassal Kata.O"tlXU 1£OU EXOU\, oluO'w9d ~piOKOU~ O"1£avta EyypUq>E<; 1£OU aVUq>EpOvtat O'E aAl..a.y1\ ttllUPW'xwvlo7 iome; £1£EtOTl "[a KU'taO"tlxa uuta ouvrdcoovrcv l£OAt] otl a.

To ypuq>Eio tuznemce KpU'tOUo"E ta ErYpmpu 0' EK toovtav Yla tTlv 1£UPUXroPTlO"l'J, E1tEKtUO"TJ KUt IlEw~i13uOll tro\, ruiepiev, t1..tyXOVtu<; EtO"t tTlV Kivl'JO'Tl 'tOUC;IO . 'Enion; to avttYp<lq><lno' t~tOl& to ypuq>Eio UU1:0 XPTlO"illEUUV oo~ ~<iol'J 'Yla ttl <iVtllCUtaO'tUO'1'\ 'tm XUflEVWV tltAOOV. To KUtUOnxo ruznam e TjTUV csnl np<lYJ1atl 6't11-

t 10' re

ruzhn up vleni

• VI '.1'.

xrronxst ~XHEIL HHN 00UMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

ta Ilui 7tA.';Pll~ O'UA.A.oy'; OA.{J)V tmv tyypa<p{J)v n:06 dXav tKooed Yla ~ cpEOU&XA.lKt~ yaiE~,

IUIlCProva Ilt to vOIlO, 1i an:oypa<prl tmv riuupuov ytvotav KaeE tplIivta IPovlalO9, ~aiVEtal, OIl{J)~, on atHrl1i Olata~ll OEV t<papllo~otav O't,;v 7tpa~ll, Ylati, liv OVtW~ oi a1toypa<pt~ yivovruv KaeE rpuivta IPovla, ol O'ulvt~ IlEta~l~aO'El~ tmv 'tlllapiwv, Kata ti~ 6n:oIE~ cUl.a~E Kai 1i O'UVOEO'rl roue, Oa dXav OlWlOUPYrlO"El Xao.; crriv OiKOVOIll1C1) u1tT}pEO"ia t1'\.; uurocpuropicc. rla ti.; m:plOxt.; t1'\.; O"T)Il€Plvii~ 'AA.~avia~, t1'\.; 1:Ep~ia.; xni t1'\.; ~OPEt<l.; ·EA.A.aoa~ EYlvav oi Ill:6A.ou8t~ a1toypacpt~ yta ttlV nsptodo 1tOD t~€ta~OUIl€: to 1431 1432 (auttl t;tav crnv 1tpaYllaHKo'tllta 1i O€DtEPll a1toypa<ptl' lti KataO't1xa t1'\~ 1tPWtll';, 1tOD OEV dX€ 6A.OKA.T)pwOd, OEV O"wOT)Kav), cmi ltpmta XpOVt<l t1'\.; ~aO"tA.cia.; tOU Bayta~it B', to 1506/1507, 'to ISIS 1516 Kat to 1519/1520. 1:'ta XPovla 'tou 1:oUA.€'illav A' EYlvav

at ~ KataO"tlxwm:l(;: 1568/1569, 1581/1582 Kai 1583/158411°.

'Eno<; dlto tt1v a1toypaq>tl trov rtuupimv, ncpouoiou 't01tOU a1toy...,"; t;tav Kat 0 rlO1().aJ1a~ (yokJama), oT)A.aotl 6 EA.€yX0'; yta 'ttl ~OX..; trov O"1taXtlo{J)v O"E Illa O€OOIlEVT) f:KO"'tpu'tdu. TIOKAaf.1a~ auvtaxO'TtKav to 1596, 1605, 1632, 1657, 1694, 1695, 1698, 1699, vm 1782, 1792 K.O.KIII.

Ito oWO'tTllla ll£tU~u ouo a1to"(pa<prov VEOl xavt&~ n:apouO"lat;ovlIlY O'ta X<opla xou o.vi'\Kav O"E ruiriptu, ij O"uxva OT)lllOUp,,(ouv'tav 6l.6d."pa vta xropla. AU'ta ta onrnu Kat 'ta Xropta, n:06 OEV dXav UUl'XGDptO'tEi O'ta ~l~A.ta ~ EKdvT) rriv hoXtl, ava<pEpov'tav f..lE rov lSpo baric ez defter (tIC'tO~ xutuori xou) ij ziyade ij nev yafte (vsotf PU- 8tvta) 2. T~ p£ta~A.te; aUtE'; KatEypaq>E eva.; un:aA.A.T)A.o,; OlOptO"f..lE~ d&Ka yt' aitto to O"KOn:O, 0 yeztct, OT)A.UOtl 6 Un:EDOUVO~ til.; ol1COYOptK'iK inn1pEO"i~ t1'\e; m:ptOx1'\.;lIJ.

To dO'oollpa xou XPOf:PXOtav a1to tou.; paytaOEe; xui 'to. xropta

109 M Bellll, 6 s.; G. 236. 110 H InaJak 6 1r G I

xv I J ~,61l G 1136. V. Moutaftchieva. aZa sustoyaniyeto na spahiluka prez _x;, y (H KatOOtuoT) tliW onuztiOwv t6v 150 1((11 160 (d6lVCl), Istorichcski Pre 13 0 ~ ID. 'AvarOA.tKo TpfjJl(J, Sign; D 304 I(fli D 369,

2. H Jalak Hicrl, e. XXVI

II 0 L Barkan, Kanunlar, o, 272.

Sl

ro rrMAPIO

hanc cz defter 1tPOoptt;otav, Kata xnvovc, Yla to 9T)O'aupoqmA4KLO Kai 1i O"UA.A.oytl tOU Ylvo'tav an:o tou<; mevtutcu. To 91l0'UUPOCPUA4KlO t1O"E1tPU't'tE Kat ttl q>eouOaA.tKtl npocooo trov rumptov xou napEJ1Evo» aKollT) aOta9E'taI14• 'H n:pa~T) Of..lWe; an:EOEt~E on O't 1toA.ll~ 1t£PlmIDO"Et'; oi O"1tax1'\o£,; t1'\e; n:EPtoX1'\<; O"UYKEV'tprovav xui ttlV 1tpoO'oOo an:o 'ta O"n:itta xroptrov nou OEV 'tOue; av1'\Kav, Kat auto O'Q~.llOUpyOOOE O"uxVEe; avtl8lKiEe; <lVallwa O'f: metkuicu xui nf..laptouxOue;llS. 'An6 'ttlv aA.A.T)IlEpta, otan:tO"tIDVOullE on 'ta, O"n:~ttU 1tO~ 8f:V dX~v Ka'tUX{J)pio rei, O"uxva O"uvun:OA.oytsov'tav O"E VEa rumptn nptv <l1toyp<l-

q>OUV"6,

"HOT) C5'tO otataYf..la, nou an:08iotta! O"tOV 'Ooudv A', o.Vo.cptPE't(ll Ott «0 tlllaptOuxo<; 8EV XaVEt 'to n~apto 'tOU t<poO'ov elva! O't 9E<J1l va EKn:A.T)P(OO"Et tie; Un:OXPEIDO"Et<; tOU. ME'ta 'to 9avu't0 ron [to nf..16.plO] npenst va f..lE'ta~t~aO"td O"tO YlO rou, 'Eriv auto.; [0 yto<; rou] slvat avtlA.tKo,;, rriv Eu9vvT) yta 'ttlv f:Kn:A.tlproO"T) 'trov O"tpunro'tlKro ' \>1tllP&O"trov IlEXPt ttlV EVT)A.lKtroO"tl 'tOU avu)"all~avou ' 01 u1tllpEt&.; roo»!!". To bta'taYf..la au'to n:EPlEXEt, O"E 'YEVtKE'; ypaJ.lIlE,; 'tOt r- opo <; xapaXIDpT)O"T)e;, ~E'ta~t~UO"T)e; xni a<paipEGll; tOU tumpio .ol onoiot cipyorspn t~cA.ix9T)KaV xui OtEDpUv9T)Kav.

LVIl<Prova IlE to vOIlO, oi YlOi tOU O"no.x1'\ ElXa lKal{J)J.la vd K.A.1l-

pOVOlltlO"OUV 'to 'tlllapto roii ncrspn roue. "Enpens J.lro<; a tbtOOtl~ouv on TJ'tav ytoi 'tou O'UYK€KptJ.lEVOU O"n:axti f:1ttKo.A. '11£' l tl\ unp-

rupic xrinouov 'tlllaptouxwv. O"n:aXtloro . ii ~uiJ.lll '. 'Edv I ":\0£

n:a'tEpa.;, oi ytoi 8EV dxa\' 8ucat{J)IlO va rra ruic t . 1:Ta 1

viu 't1'\.; ~aO"tA.da.; tOU 1:oUA.E'(~a\' A' O"~ 'TaxOll "t E\ a: n A. XA. o; ni vaKa<; n:O\l 1t€plEA.all~a\,E ta IlEYteT) T& ' 'tlf..lO • tK(l\ - "fa '

tc det Osmsnischen Wirhl'hafc II n I .~\ rw ltu tned 11 des Ftobcrct. •• 1,)\,0):\) II) (l, ('I t ~~-t 0 115. H Inalcrk. H;L'n~ l' \. I

11(l. (i. 117, P

ArPOTIKEl: l:XHEIl: l'THN 00flMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

:: ~:- Hammer, 6lr. 1,1) 352-353.

12 P A VOII T *hendorf 6 Il ,. 97

121 cb (J 19 ' . • ".

m J Deny 6.lr e 834

124 J '08 Hammer, 61C., (} 368

TO TIMAPIO

53

rrt roJ..la , EXavE 'to 'ttJ..laptO 'tOU, aA.A.a unopoiiot; va a1tatt1l0Et va. tOU E7ttO'tpa<pEi, O'trlv 1tEpi1t'troOT) 1tOlJ 'to J..lT}'tProo tOU litav «A.EU1c6» ta. Ema 'tEA.w'taia Xpovw125• O{ 01taxfjOE~ 1tOV £YKatEA.Et1taV 't6 oavt~a.xt, £<pooov bEV tK'tEA.OUOaV orpunornxri u1tT}pEoia, l:xavav t6 t41a.ptO 'tOU~126.

'H 1tapaxwpT)crT} UStaSE'trov rumpiorv YlVO'tUV dtE a1tO t6v lOtO

'tOV J..l1tET}A.EpJ..l1tET} il E1tEt'ta a1to t)1tOOEl~ll tOU, J..lE 'trlV aKOA.OuST} OElpO. 1tpo'ti.J..lT}crT}~: a) o'to YlO Ka1tOlOU a1tOeavov'to~ 'ttJ..laplOvxOu ~) OtOV tmo\jlrl<PlO 1tOV OtEJ..lEVE cr'to tolO craV'tSaK\ 127.

'0 cr1taXrl~, crt av'taA.A.aYJ..la yta 'to 'ttJ..laptO 1tOV a1tOKtOUOE, litav imoxpEroJ..lEVO~ vd crUJ..lJ..lE'ttxEt 1tPOOro1tlKa o'ti~ i:KO'tPU'tEtEC; i\ otT) <pVAa~T} crKomue;, vn EXEt crtrl OtaSEcrrl tOU Mo ti m;ptooon:pouc; E~01tAtcrJ..lEVOU~ aKOA.OUSOUe; (cebeJi) il Cio1tl.ou.; U1tT}pEn:c;, va. 1tPOJ..lllSEVEt 'tEVU:e; K.'t.A. Oi U1t0XPEWcrW; roii o1taxfj litaVaVa).OYEC; J..Lt to J..lEYE80~ 'tOU rtuaptou 'tOUI28•

Oi VOJ..ltKt~ 1tPOU1t08toEte; 1tOV £K8t<JaJ..lE sivm 1tOA.' ytv1KtC; xci

ava<pEpov"CUt cr'trlv «KAa<Jucrl» J..lOp<Prl tOU ruiupiou. fio/ .. Atc; E~EtotKCUJ..ltvE~ J..lEA.f:'tEC; 1tpooE)'yi~ouv to 'ttJ..laP10 a1to tU1tUCa VOJ..lt1Ctl Q1tO\jIT} Kai Bsmpobv on to. OUJ..l1tEpa<JJ..lata tou; a1tooioo \ 'tllv ouoia Kat 'to. XapaKtT}Pl<J'tt.Ka 'tOU 68roJ..laV1KOu autOu 8E<JJ..l0-. I'tl) '1tpaYJ..la'tucomtc OJ..lroe; to. <JUJ..l1tEpacrJ..la'ta tfjc; Icroptoypaoiu; EXO '~(J\o'tEi <JXEOOV a1tOKA.Et.<J'ttKa, oti~ 1tA.T}PO<pOpiE~ 1t0' 1taptXEl ti ouoes<Jial29. 01. ioroptxoi EXOUV 0XEOOV ayvOl)oEl 'to 1tAo' <J1O aPlEta 6

UA.tKO. Ilpero; 6 H. Inalcik bnxEipT}<JE vd ava.) 00&1 r ta.6s041

Icropixo UA.tKO yui to nuripio. 'YmipXt1 J..lHi A.E1C'tO~H:Ptl- &lOUy<o'Ytl crriv £KOOOT} 'tOU Stitet-i Arvanid to - 1431 cui J..lla a nx i <oOT\ 1tav'ta <JXE'ttKa. J..lt 'to 10to Ka'ta<Jnxo. o't' n.' I ,t. 1 To' <0 'I<J'tOptKrovI30•

Elvm aVaJ..l<Pl<J~tltT}tT} 1) J..lEyUA.T} cnucotu t - a XEla. - -. 1

125. a.lf .. cr. 414. 354.

120. P. A. von Tisch ndorf, S. ,Q. Q •• 127. (br.

12R. H. Hadjibcgic, (~ ,cr. ~13.

129. np~A Yla !topa! ctnm J I 1.'0. H. Inaluk,1I1crl 0.1 x

0. IJ5.

If,

ArpOTiKEI: rXEIEll UHN 000MANIKH AY10KPATOPIA

ss

.plypucp1\ 'tOO 1t16 o1touoalou KOlV(J)VtKOOtKOVO~HKOiJ <PtOu.. iMld8a0l'0t)'tou ISou Kal 160u aiwva. Elver oa<pt<; (hl rti VO~lKa __ us atv I'1tOPOUV va a1tOKaAU",OUv ti<; 1tolKtAS<; O",Sl<; tOl> ttuu_m.to\) CJUCJ11\",atO<; ot1\v t1to'X,1\ ti\<; aK~i\<; tOIJ OOtE Kal ta npGrra .,...n.ta ti\<; 1tap~K~fj<; 't0~. r.: ,auto" t) ~Ef,ttT} ~a<; ~aolo~tVT} 6px8U11C6 6A.11C6 9ci t1t1ltlP110El vo q>wnOEl optcusvc xapaKtT}pltot) n",apiou 'tou 1501J Kat 1601J alwva, ta anoia aYVOT}OE t) m\",epa PlpA.10ypa<pia.

loCI to\) nucptou

t1\v uptOOo 1t0\> t~Eta~Ou~E, to rumpio av't1.npOOWnEUE Eva "rik 4p80uMA.1Kfj<; 1tpooooou nou xupmovoruv t) xsvrpucri StoiT6 1CpUto<; 1tapalwpouoE to nooo auto yta ttl ouvrripncn

apooi"tou 'Ito\> civaAa~~avE ~t t1\ oEtpa rou 6Ptcr~tVE<; l)1tOXPEy' cWtl\v t1\v svvOla, t) At~T} n~aptO otv napantj.lnEl uovo

xp60000 tmv 20.000 aonpwv aAAa YEvlKa crt KpanKt<; npooo, an at tJ,11\J.lata KpattKrov q>tOuoaAtKrov xpoooorov nOD oiiM'ImI 8; ~\(rina aVE~ap'tl1'ta ano 'to ~tYEeO<; 't0l> rtuupiou. ~W'Ypacpia 9tropti Ott to tl~aptO elvui anoKAEtcr'tlKa npoCJVyU1CpltJtvrl EK'taoT} yi\<;, t~i'\~a rof q>EOuoaAtKoi) dcrootllbl~tdta1 6 vousu; ~aoEl OlKatW~alo<; nOD 'tOll napa_.- " K£V'tPtK1l OlO\KT}01l. Auto<; eivot 6 6pto~0<; nOD 8iVEt 6 (lid, temtoire)Il2, 6 Tischendorf (lehen)133 Kai 'ttAO<; a Deny 6 _ ..... hoonIP~&t ott crU~<prova ~t 'ttlV 60w~aVtKtl vouossotu 6 • pac; too nJ.lQpiou ft'tav «KaOapa aypO'tlKO<;» 134.

t G6n\ t1\v civtiA.'l'l'l1 ti'\<; OUttKi'\<; Icropioypuoiuc otaq>aivE'tat " .p~(J1m9tta va avaxOODv oi aValOA.tKOi q>EOuoaA1Koi IIepo( mi {Otatt&pa to ttJUlpto, ot ~op<pt<; {oLOK'tT}cria<; 'ti'\<; yi'\<; nOD "fCV"r'mv ~ OtYnKt~ q>EOuSa):1K~<; xoivmvisq. Si» sivm lUXatO lain, yui va 't&K~l1Pt6>crEl 't11 9wT} rou, xpT}crt~onolEi 00<; ~acrt-

TOTIMAPIO

KO t1t\XdpT}~a tl\v ano"'l1 nOD ElXE tKq>pacrCt a A. Thierry: ((T!1t£pi- 1ttrocrl1 ti'\<; 'tOUPK1Ki'\<; xoivovic; otv £XE\ Ka~ta iOlal"tEp6tl1'ta. Atv olaq>tpEl crt rlnore a1tO ttlV 1tCpi1ttwol1 trov <l>paYKwv 1t0\> KattA.a~av ttlV faAatia il trov Nop~avorov nou Ka"tEAa~av 't1\v Bpstuvia ... KaOw<; oi crUVOi'\KE<; 11tav T01E<; Kat otic; Tpd<; m:pl1ttWOEtC;, Oa 1tpE- 1tEt Kai oAa "ta <'iAAa va elver Tow Kat 111av, oV't{l)C; 101Q)13S. Ttd va. OpiOE\ 'to tl~apto, 0 Belin 1tpoOq>tU'{El, ~E Ka1t01E~ t1tl~UA.a~EtC;: otO q>paYKtKO eEcrt-t0 "tOD qJcouoount" 07tw<; 6 Deny 1tapa1tE~1tEt 0't(1 dominia yta vd opioct t1<; 011~OOlt<; yaiE<; 137. "A v Kai 0 Thierry owota., roc; Eva ~aOllo, 1tapaA.Al1Ai~c1. ttlV 6Ow~avlKtl xorvovlc ~t ti~ JlapJlaptKt<;, crtO ~i:tPO 1tOD oi toaq>tlCi:<; KataKttlcrclC; E1tlto:xuvav ttl bl1~loupyia ruiupkov, q>tavtt ot aouyxwPl1tCt; ll1tEpa7ti.ouottUOEtC; otav 1tPOxwpEi cr'ttlv aVelAUOl1 tmv OEO~roV. ·E~aA/.ou lCaOc npoona9Cla avayc.oYil<; troy ava'tOAtKrov q>couoaAtKrov O£o~rov ot (J.1t)J;C; 1tapaA.Aay£<; 'trov aVticr101Xc.oV OU'tlKroV icroouva~d ~t u1toti~l1ol1 to- IcropiKOll POAou troy A.arov ti'\c; 'A vatoA il<;, 1tOU 1tEpaOaV o'to q>EO oal.lollo

npiv ano tOD<; A.a06<; ti'\<; !J.DOl1<;.

To "tt~aptwnK6 oDotl1~a, 1tOD 1ti'\pc ttlV rE/.tKl1 ~opq>tl 'to cr"ta ~toa 'tOD lSou uldrvc, 11lav ava~q>tcr~l\tl1ra tva ouornun q>COIJOO/1.lCi'\C; yatOlCH\oia<; il ~aAAov, Ka'tavo~i'\c; "ti'\<; <pEOuoa/ .. tKi'\C; 1tpooooou <JtOD<; f:K1tPOcrW1tOUC; ti'\<; KupiapXl1C; "ta.~11<;· !J.tv elvm 0 varov 0110><; vel ioxuptO'tEi xuvs«; on 'to rturipto, "Ii ~aolKt1 ~ovaba to- ouottl~aroc; autoD, urtopsi vri f:~O~Ot{l)OEt ~t ttl\' «xpocooo» ii (10 q>i:ouOm . vel OEWP110Ei «&KtaOl1 yil<;» il eEO~O<; lCa9apo: aypouKo- xapaKnlpa. !ltv 00. f:1tt~dvOUIlE crta f:1ttxCtPtl~ata rcO\) £Xo v o'X,tol1llE Til" 1«1'[11- YOpiEC;, to oXl1~attcr~6, ta ou~nAl1pw~ata K.t.A.. 1"0- rtpupi \: 1(ai ttlV anotilll1otl rou; crt <'ionpa, yt.ati slvci 11011 yvwO'ta. t:i 1t(1P ootaOOU~E 1l0VO opiouevu otOtxda 1tOt) anOOCl1(V' \ t -(1tl1yopl1~a't\KO tP01tO Ott to tuidpio otv npE1tCl vd 9cc.oPl1 £.1. t -T 0 rfI;. aA/.a

npocroooe;.

'OPtO~tvE<; yalEe; ti\e; M\KpaC; , Aciu; ElXa\, 1: Ilt 't' aU-

cr"tl1~a mslikzne-diviuii 7IoH' npiv arc' Tl1 . e "aTO: 0"11.

135. A. Thierr • Dix an' d'ctudc in tc nqu , n 1\ \ 1.1 1,. 1tarano~ltll <nov Bclm.

136. M. Belin. <'.If .• o. lRli·1 9. 1)7. J. Denv, (i n., cr "

1tl a1touoaiou KOtVWVtKOOt1(OVO~lt1(QU eeou- 1500 Kal 160u aiWva. Elvm aaq>t<.; Ott 1U voutxd po v va a1tOKaA.l)\jfOUV 1i<.; 1tOtKtAE<.; O\jlEt<.; lOU nuc-

_6t11_'~:'~O't~v E1tOX.~ "t~<'; aKIl~<'; lOU oihE Kai. 1U 1tpill1a __ nK 1tapaICIl~<'; tOU. I'r' a\)1o, ~ IlEAE-t11 ).1a<.; ~ucrtcrlltvll \IC6 aa t1tlX£tp~aEl vri q>w1icrEt Optcr).1tva XapuK"tllptt\6&GPwu tOU 150u Kai 160u ulwva, 1a. o1toia uyvollcrE ~ .4_pa ~pA.1O"fpaq>ia.

H. laaIak, HICri, o. XXlU , ~ .s.x., e. 241-253 .. no VOD T\SChendorf

Deay 6 ' 6.1f., o. 44-47

X., e. &31. .

TOTIMAPIO

1(0 t1tlXE~P11IlU "t~v ~1tO"'ll1tO~ dxt, h:q>pa.m:1 6 A. Thi rry: ~1i 1t&p 1t1wO:11 t11<'; ,10~PKtKll<_; ~Ot~Wv1a<_;, OEV £X£t Kal.1la iOlalt£pOtlltu. Mv OtUq>Eptt crt rmote a1tO tnv m:pt1t1(J)all t&V <Dpa:YK(J)V 1tOU KUttA.a ~uv t~V rUAatiu Tl tillv NOPllavo&v 1tOU Katn.a~av t~V Bpetuvtc Kaew<_; of cruvef\KE<_; ~tav tOtE<_; Kai ati<_; tpEt<_; 1tEpmtWa£l<_;, 9ci 7tpt nEt Kai 01.,0. ta. liA.Aa va. elver tOla. Kai ~tav, OVt(J)<_; tOta»135. fui va optosi to tllla.PW, 0 Belin npomj>£uytt, Ilf. Ka1t01£<_; btlq>uM~£l~, at6 q>PUYKt1(O Beouo tOU flJsov8ov136, on(J)e; 6 Deny 1tapa1tEI11t£l ata dominis yta vd opicst tie; ollIlOat£e; yai£e;I37. "A v lCai 6 Thierry aoota, OO<_; Eva ~aello, napaA.A.llA.iSEt t~V 6e(J)l1av1lC~ K01V(J)via I1t tie; ~up~ptKte;, oro IlEtpO nou ot toUq>tKte; KataKt~a£t<_; £1tttaxuvav t~ 01l1l1- oupyiu 'tlllapiwv, q>laV£t crt acru'YXwP11t£e; \)1t£pa1tA.oUatEUa&~ 6tav 1tPOxwpEi crt~V avaAucr11 l&V e£crl1&v. 'E~a).).ou de& 1tPOa7ta9&lU avuywyf\e; l&V avatoA.tlC&V q>WUOUAtlC&v 9&al1&v ar. {mAE<_; 1tapaA.A.ayte; t&v avticrtotXwV OUttlC&V iaoouval1&i I1t I'mOttl111all tOU IotopiKOO poA.ou t&v A.a&v tf\e; , Ava"COA.f\<_;, 1tOU nr.paaav oro q>EOuOOA.laI16

npiv ano tau<_; AUou<_; tf\<_; ~uall<_;·

To ttllapt(J)ttKo aucrt11lla, nou nilP£ t~V n:AlK11 110Pq>~ tOU ata usou tOO 150u aioova, ~tav aval1q>ta~*llta Eva auatlll1a q>&OUOOA1- lCf\e; yuwKt1lcria<_; Tll1aA.A.ov, lCatavol1ile; til<_; q>EOuoaA1Kile; 1tpoa6oou crtou<_; EKnpOaOO1tou<_; tile; lCupiapXll<_; ta~1le;. Mv slvrn ouvat6v 61lroc; va icrxuptcrtd Kavd<_; ott to tuiripto, ~ ~aCJlK~ 110vaoa tOU aua~llUto; ul)too, I1nopd va t~01l0t(J)9£i IlE t~V «1tpocrooQ» Tl «to q>EOUOO», vd 9£wP1leEi «ElCtucrll 'Yile;» Tl etal10e; Kaeapa aypOtlKOU xapaK~pa. ~EV 9a. f:1tllldvOUIl£ ord t1tlXEtp~llata nou ExOUV aXEall I1t tie; Katll'Yopi£<_;, to aXllllancrj.1o, ta. cruj.1nAllPool1ata K.t.A. tOU nuupiou lC~i. t~V ano·tij.111cr~ tou; at lia1tpa, 'Ytati slvm TlOll YV(J)ata. ea 1tapoootacoops j.10VO optcrllEva ot01x£1:a nou an?O£tKVUOU~ ~f: Ka'tTJ'Y~Plll1atl~ KO tpono on to tllla.pw OEV 1tPE1t£l va e£(J)P119£t £lCtaall 'Yll<;, aUa

npoooooc. - , , '

'OptaI1EV£e; yui£e; tile; MtKPU<_; , Aaia<_; ~{xav 6pyav~9El j.1~ 'to au-

cmuo malikane-divani noAU nptv a1tO rnv 69(J)j.1avtKll 1(atCl"tllall·

135. A. Thierry, Dix ans d'ctudes historiques, ITapi<H 1851, VI, o, 209. 'QcptiAW t~V 1tapa1toI-l1t~ orov Belin.

136. M. Belin, a.n., c. 188-189.

137. J. Deny, a.n., 0.832.

l tTlt (1\ va ~ P ~ "tf)!., <pf,Ou aAlI'li~ npo-

tkncOUCDl (01 /J ), t & "to Kpa to dOf:1rpaHE to &lila LKO KpatO.., OLCltliPllOE to CHJOtlWa P'YwVtal, n~lapL<l dno 'to ~H:pioLO '{lic; <pEOU-

__ I)OU K LKaLOuVtQV li -EV1'p1101 t~ouoiu. IE 6pto~t-

,pd OLU~ n -utaotaof) uut1\ dX£ bnKupw-

.... UDlMl8£t.U(u: -rol 'Yuu:~l1toU OEV E VUl E~ OAOld:t\pou ~OUAKtU ....... i'>tftil'\to'rr,Ut ot XUOlU ~ tLllaptu ... »'N. «TO. ~aKou<ptKo. xw\ Em an 1tAl\pwVUV altO nUAui 'ta 3/ 10 'ti)c; nupuyw-

2 10 'Y1a dIVani KUt to II 10 yta metiksne. ME ~aoTJ _Iffttv.~ utUXWpiatllKUV ni 2/10 yta 'to KPo.'tOC; Kai 'to

Iia o~\. To [IlEpiow] divsnt yiVEtUt 'tt~apto ... »140. Kat 1I:11I1J_~ 1ttPLOXE<;. OltOU 1'6 OUYKEKPtllEVO ouo'tTJ~a OEV xu.... KOt£ vOIlOeEwcu. ouvcvrobue m:pt7t'tfficrEt<; Ka'ta tiC; .".. t% xpooooou tWV ~aKou<ptKWV xwptwV 9€wpouvtav -'I .... fui npQ&\'Y~a. ol paYlUO&C; optoutvtov xwptOOv tOU ~a_.100 IqUJ,11tEvtiv nacrii, crrl\v 1t£ptOxl\ tfiC; <I>tAt7t1tO\)1tOATtC;, .lIilav~volvaqx)po (no anaxl\, t1\ a1CEvrsa(ispence)141. 'ErdGuova, to XWP10 Korova, 1tOU ~ast ~E uAAa rscoepu taouloOOuv to ~Q1cou<p\ tOU 'I~npa'll~ nacru, EOtVE Eva uovo =~-=: ~v tOU orov (max'll - «0 <pO poe; raiyye slvm n~aptO {1I.ClPIIIl'lt1\». O\UpciOQJ,1E o't'llv unoypa<p'll, «EVW 0 ti'tAOC; KuptOtTJtae; 0't0 ~~o()ql\»~42. To ~QeECT1;ffie; 'tou 1tATl9ucr~ou 'tou Caglayik,

.. Pu~\ 't,ou Mo~pal B' , Tj'tuv UKO~Tl1ttO 1t&pt1tAOKO. TIA'll~\~o eooo oro KPU'tOC;, 'to <pO pO raiyye oro ~aKouqn Kat _n, cn6 O1tQl.TJ 143.

.P~XtcOOtLC; ltOU aVQ<PEpOTlKaV U1tOOEtKVUOUV on to ttudpto

IIIOPU at ~all\li 1tEpilt't<oon vu' e 0 - , " ,

~ •• A)"),, - , v 'I' e E<OPTl ei voun Tl cruyKEKPt~EVTl

l.(tl~, 00. nucctnv \)nOxpEw~EVOl. vd OEXtOU~E on

10 IlMAP10

Mo HlluPlu civui DUVU10 va at f Tl/.o ui..U1t'tO tut Y1W.P lrAJ v a ocoOIlEva no(, l:1tl~CI\U1WV01JV on o'tl\v 6 (f)IlU 1 '1 ~.nv"~_~ pia, Tt Of)1l10l)pyta ncptcoorcpciv 'tlllapl(llv (J'tl\ lOla li·tCt.V ouxv01a'tO <pa\Vo~tVO xui O,} an/,,'ll OUJ,1n't<OO'1 A6 t X Ka.tOlKOl 'tfl~ 1t&PlOXTJ~ Melnik, 1tOU aVl) L 016 ~La.llttl 'to M nuou Kapa~uvf\'44, Kft1i:~U)_AUV, ~t"Cu~lJ UII.O)', ut 't61j)6p ~J it bedeli 1tOU I(QtU xcvovo U1tOtE/"ouoe 11l111lU 'tfl~ xpcn II 1tpO<J

To 1481, 0 <popo<; autoe; ~c'tatpU1tTlK~: ot tturipto KUt 1tUpu'lwPTJ6'1 crov 'IaXa.K 1tuaaI45• Tupco m:a 'to .. Tl "tOt} 1 SOli alwvu, oi Upp uvfllCav a'to Xacrl. tOO ~1t&TlAEPlln£'1 "{nc; PO(,Il£)·l)~, 0 61toto~ do' - 1tPUHE Kat tt\v npocooo o.no ta tt/,,'1 ayopu~ (bac). 'H 1tPOOOOO aut'll nou TjtQ.v UV&~uptTltTl U1tO ti<; a./J .. C~, to 1482 IlE'tU'tpa1tlllCE: at KpanKo mukata'a Kat 'to 1492 Ola.tptOTlK£ at tpic IltPll· "Evu!!E~ o.1tOtEA&crE 'to ullapl tOll MeX~Et 1tUOU X£po{;lC-~UV't{;14('. Mt tov lOW tP01tO, ota ttATl tOU ISo\) aiwvu, 'tu to.Tl U1tO triv 6.hdu otTJv 1tEptox'll tfiC; 0&crcraAovi.lCTlC; EYWUV nudpto Kat 1tUpuxffipl\6l)Kav ot6 aoull1tacrll tfl<; 1tOATlC;147. To 1480, tU 1.D v Tl dooooD 1tOU KUtQ~AA.oVrev crt 860 uno 'tie; 1tUAEe; tfie; , AoptuvoU1tO/·Tl<; - 1TJ «vee» mJA.Tl Kat t'llV 1tUATl tf\e; «KwvatavnVOU1tOATlC;»- Eywav 'tlIlUpla KQt 0661lKav crE Ol.a<popE'ttKa U'tOIlU, OtOV ' AATJ, 'tOV EKj.l&1(raTj Xlsipl48 K.a.

ot 1tEpt1ttwcr&te; 1tOU o.va<ptp9l)KaV 0Xl 1l0VO £mpEpU1WVOUV 6~1 Tj'tav ouvat'll Tt OTl~tOupyia Ka\. a.A.A.ffiV VOIl<1>V cto EOQ<POC; 1l1U~ OEOoJ,1tvrp; «VOIlf\C;» E1tElta U1tO f:V'tOATJ 'tnc; lCEv'tplKn<; otOi,K1l01l~' o.~M ~1t0- OEtKVUOUV f:1tiaTlC; on OEV U1tnpXE a.~E<Jl) 0XEOll aVUIl£OU 0't0 'tlJ.1QptO Kai. t'llV EK~Eta.AA&Ucrf) 'tOll E~ap'tTl~EVOU 1tA.1l6uoJ.1ou. "E't~l, OTlJ.1\-

" 0 00\0. 1tpoO'tllla'49

OUpY'llSTlKav n~aplU a1tO f:1l1tOplKOU~ <pop~u<;, ,t w " "

K.o.. M' aut'llv "Citv EVVOta, 'to 'tl.IlUPtO Il1tOPO\)OE VQ qCt ax~OT\ KQ\ J.lE

t'llV uanK'll Sffi'll, ~E 1tf)YE<; OllA.Qol\ 1tOU OEv,ii'tuv o.'YP~'ttlCEC;., xs

'E1tOIlEVWC;, Tt <pEOuOaA.lK'll npoaooo~ sev tIxt OXE,Oll J.1E 0':f -

r " ", ).nav'tU'tat ou'VVO'tu'tQ O'tQ Xci-

KPl.~{;VO xropo Kat. IlE 'tTl J.10P<PTl corn u Iv

144. 0.1!., cr. 139.

145. 0.1!.

146. 0.1!., cr. 141.

147. 'AvaroA.LKO Tpijpa, Sign: SN 16,35.

148. M. T. G6kbilgin, 6.1!., cr. 115.

149. 'Ava-roA.LKO Tpfjpa, Sign: MK 26/6.

otu, I(UplW~ o-ra <JOUA ravucd xaota. Elvm YVW<JtO Ott xa<Jt eE(()pODVruv nOAAoi q>0POl1tOU I(UTa~aAAOVtaV a1tO KAlleU<J~O 1tOU EixE «d8tI(t~ i; 1tOXPE«HJE1<;;» xai ~ODOE 8tU<JKopmO~EVO<;; OE 1tOAAtC; 8totKll'tlI(t<;; 1tEptq>EPEtEC;. Tsrotot TtTaV ol q>OPOl1tOU 1tATlPWVUV ol piyade xci oi musellem Tile; 1tEptOXilc; tile; KaAAi1toAlle; 150, li 1tpoo080C; 1tOD npoEPXomv a1tO Ttl OUAAOYTl tOD qiopou bsd-i hava OtTlV N1.K01tOAll, ttl l:lAiotplal51 K.t.A. Y Apo Otic; nnpunrivro 1tEpmtoom;tC; 6 tt~UPtoDXO<;;

0' uun) rriv 1tEpi1ttWoll, 0 <JOUA tavoc;- E1tatPVE roc; xam 1tpocro- 80ue; 1tOV otv £lXav 0XEoll ~t OUYKEKPt~tvll1tEptoXTl OUtE 1tP0f:PXOVrev a1to tOV 1tAlleUO~O 1tOV KaA.A1EPYOUOE tiC; yuiEe; 'tOD xuoiou.

Td 8c80~tva uu'ta osixvouv on, xutri 'tTlV 1tEpi080 1tOD i:~E'ta~ouW:, 'to 'tll .. uiplO 8tv TttuV (mAroe; VO~Tl YTle; ii 6PIO~tvll EK'tucrll, aAAa ~la KUeOplo~tVll hTl<Jta 1tpOOOOOe;, 'tTlv o1toiu EKXWpOD<J!: li xsvrptKTl E~ouoiu 0" Eva O\)YI(EKP1.J.lf:VO 1tpOOW1to. l:tie; 1tEP1000t€pEe; nepinroos«; it 1tPOOOOOC; uUtTl1tPOEPXo-tuV a1tO 'ttl q>€OU8UA1KTl i:K~€TaAAWO'll ·tOD U1tOTEA.Oi:><; ayp0tlKOU 1tAlleUO~OD. 'y 1tTlPXUV 5~wC; Kui n~uplu 1t0' Mv Elxuv KU~tU a1tOAD"tW<; OXf:Oll ~f; tTlv aypOTlKTl1tUpa),w'YTl1Cut "tTlv i:1C~EtaAJ.>E\)O'll 'troY puyta8wv Xwpucrov ... Ape, 6opoC; 'tll.1aplO &tv a1toolOEtat ixovonorrrnxd OUtE ~f: ttl A.f;~11 «VO~Tl» OUtE ~i; 'tTlV 1tEPi<PpuO'll O'tPU'ttwtllCTl q>EOUOUAtlCTl iOtOKt110iu», ylUTt Kai oi OUO u1t081ootJv rriv zvvOl,a tOU ~EpllC&<;. Kurd O'uvs1tEta, 6 9£O~0e; U\Jto:; tiiC; 69wJ.laVIKTl; mrroxputopicc a.1t08i8E't(lt Op90'tEPU ~s tOV opo (n~apWHtlCO (Jt)(J'tll~o.~ 1tOD XPll(J1.~01tOU;itul Y1.a va opio€l. EVu o 'YK£KP1~i;vo Ioropuco ·(E"{OVO;. To a.vttKd~£vo uUTile; tile; i:pyuoiac; 1tEptOpiLE'Wl o'ta tt~aPtU aypottKilC; 1tPOS/.wOllC; 1tOD a1tOt£Aouv 't~il~o. 'ti\e; ~€O oahKi\<; npooooou. 'Enousvo»; VO~l~01tOtoD~UO'tE 1tA.itp(l}e; ,,6. eEwpoN~E 'to. ttJ.lUplU aut a ~opq>Tl q>£Ouoa) .. llCi\c; tOtOKtllO'iac;.

f S gn 1 tanbul Defterhane Mukata', 20 Reb! 11 969

«Ed neizdaden zakon l.a SIll tren kite I Nikopol kite VOIOIIU f ( "I) f' lk>lVOIJKOll\ tov ollvtCm;\ot, tJ'!I" ltAi lz» uy« na Durrhsvnsts Rib/wteta «Va 1/ KO/:JroV)) 19'5), po bad U hava 11:0; 1(/1)P£ lVUV 0\ vOIl6(\C,. tiDY Hu} xnvtruv tAt' 't <p6po tov do' 7tp!Ht£ I) yuruk ~7tf.ll~ tOU I eklrd<l~ Rum bde YurukJ r, J /ltar/at ve ev/ad I l'at/han, (Ot T l"l,POUl(ot. ) \.,. V ICUt(l.II:'t1)t )'11 'net HI}JKUVW), I tanbul 1957, <1 72

TO TIMAPIO

"Onox; aVUq>EpU~f: 1tUPU1taV((), crDj.l.q><oVU IlB 'tTtV 69<OIlUVtlCTt vouoseetc 'to. tl.~apw Eq>'tUVUV to nooo 'toov 20.000 ucmp<ov lCai 'to. ~tulli:ua ta 100.000 u<J1tpu. Of. npoooooi 1tOll ~e1tEpVOUcruv 'to. 100.000 uoJtpu eEWpOuv'tUV xacrtu.

, ApKEt EVUC; xov8pucoC; \)1tOl..oytcrll0C;, nou cr'tl1piSE'tat cto EP)'O

tOU Ayni Ali, yta vd ~a<; tl1to8d~ct 01\ o'tTtv 1tPUYIlU'ttlCO'tl1'tu 11 IlEOTl npo<J080c; £v6<; <J1tuxii Tt'tuv 1tOAU XUj.l.l1/,OtcPTl em' o,'tt OptSE 6 Vo~0C;. L'ta BuAKavt.u, 'f..oyou XaPl1, 'to Iltcro rtudpto lCUj.l.atVO'tuv yupw <J'ta 5.240 a<J1tpu, <J'tTtv M1.Kpa ' Aoic <J'to. 4.271, oro Kcpoudv 5.096. oro TE~Ecrpup 5.677, oro Mnpdr; 3.127, oro NnaPIlJtElCtP 5.170 K.'t.A.I52. ITptnEt va A.aPou~c unO'l'T1 j.l.UC; S1ticrTl~ on 'to nllUpt<O'tllCO <JDcr1lWa ';811 dXc u1too't£i 6Ptcr~tvEC; 1ll::'tu~oH~. Tri 'tlllapt<onlCo. Ka'tacrnxu ~ae; 1tUptxouv anol..utu tYKUPEC; 1t1,llPOqlopiE<'; 'Yui UlJ'tO 'to

et~u.

To 1tuA.U\,O'tEPO ano 'ta ,,(v<O<J'ta n~Upt<O'ttKo. lCa'tucr'tl'la 'til; PO\J-

~EAllC; XPOVOAOYEi'tat 'to 1431, crt"'\, hoXTt 'tot) M?lip6:t B'. ~ai 1U:P~EXu nEprypuq>tc; ruicpkov nOD ~picr~o\"ta\' <J't~ cr~}1ePt~11 LEP~t~~ , Al..pavi.u Kai. ~OPEtU 'EAl..a8a. ITpoKErtU,t 1tU :0 K~,a~nxo 'tTl; , Appavl'ttfic; 1tOD tlnotEAEt o'tTlV npaYllunKo'tl1'tu npolO: '~; npw'tTl .. YEVtKiiC; Ka'tuotix(()crllC; 'tOO\' tt~upi<ov til~ PO~Il~A 11;: ~l u: ~o\' tllCpt: ~ooC; 'to AOYo slvm t~UlpEtlKa <JllIlUVtlKO ytU 't11 j.l.u-s't11 t ... 1'Q)<O't111,

- ' ~ L' <OVU!lE ~O ~ t no) 0 \-

~opq>ii~ 'tou 'tlllupt<O't\KOtl cr\)<Jt11j.l.uto.". lJllq> r ~._,

ououc 'tOt) H. Inalcik sKMt11 uutils tii~ 1tOAlttll11; 1t11YT\': 11)\ 'to

r .,' - ~ 60 1i:\.IlUlVO-

30% 'tooV ruicpkov ;EnEp\'O\)cr& ttl 3.~,(icrnpu. E\ (I) E\ a . _

~ '1 000 .. ~ 3 000 acr1tpa1 '. T6 tl1tOAOtltO lOG; t)ta\ 1(U'tU\ IlTl~ 'tav u1tO. 0,)1,' , ' ~ 'lama Kat

vo ot ~EUIlE.na, 1tOD cro Kata<J'ttXO alltO eve tpO\ tat U).. 1'1 k

'E ~ , noora t aU\ flu.,,!: na ci

crt 1tpu'Yllun 'a Xli(J1al~4. "tfll'T1 'W Itt' - O-

r , ' ,'At n ° In 'U":(1 ttov 11& (l)V

elvci 1tOAt\ "(&\'\)(U, 1tupu8&tot)IlS tov U\ c ¥.

'.. ) 1 I 'to Iwruo'tlXO.

tooV riucpkcv. onool, 1tUPOllOlU._,OVtat atl l

• I' B' P \ m Tis h nd ,rf. 151C • c 57 K

152. Lt)~I'l'Ul\,<l ~If rov Aylll <\ I " I' 116

J . umar »( 1C 0 .• ,

153. H. lnalcik, «Fatih devnn en one '4

I <;4. To - iliw\I, Hicti, o III n~'~). J Deny, ( 1C, 0

n

P 10PI

tip. TlJ.WPIOW

12 15 2 3 10

Il Itl a c np Kt)}rttl on to EioooT]~atrov nuuptev nou

~uA. r P «ev tOOO a(JltpWV, ttAlKa Sty ~Em:pvOOot ta 5.000

po !lpay~ll Jt EV <pai veroi tOOO Ka8a..pa o.no t6 na..pa..nav(J)

moocna 0 '1t A l7tE n~plntWOElS Ct1tO'tEAOUOa..V o.o1\~a..v'to ~EPO~ cro A.O toW 335 nuapiev.

Ta xapa1tav(J) napabElYllu'ta OIlW~ otv o.VtlKa..tOntpisouv Ka..eOt1\ llpaYllatlKOtT]ta, oT]Aao~ to o.AT]8tVo doooT]lla.. trov ona..x1\"f\at' Opl(JIlEva nptipiu ~tav KOlVa (miisterek), o1'\Aao1\ ta uoi-

pQ( vta '0, tplu ~ nepicoorepu a'tOlla. 'Ano ta 335 ttllapw tfi~

ppavma~, 2 aVfilCllv OE 060 npootonn, tvvEa OE rpic Kai 800 (JE

ootpa. Elver aplCEta xapalCtT]plonKO on, YEvlKa, of «OUVlStOKtfiautoi Stv drav (JUnEVlK~ ox.EOT]. I:1)V"eWe; EnpOKEttO Yla UtOpo "" o\acpoPtn~ 1tpOEAE\)(JT]noo Eywav (1)V1OtOlC'tfj1f;e; IlE EVtOA" tOO (JOUA.tQvou. TOloto tturipio, Yla napeioE1Ylla, £iXE napaxwpT]eEl crt no\ov ~lOUOOU<p, YlO tOu lleiYElpa <l>lPODS, OtOV o.P10tEpOXElPU av, ~?V lCE~aYlei tfi~ nOAT]e; I:O\)YKOOP Kui OtOV reis EllipT), tou I?~aT]A ~lt{;T]155. ':Eva UAAO tl~eiP10 dXE ooed OE tpde; ~~ ItO~ E!XaV EpOEl uno to I:apouxav. 'Y1tfjPXE Kui tsrup'ro ~o ItOU ~\Xt thAo tou lOto\) nuuptou, CtAAa ol UAAOl tpEi<; Qtop8(ooav va altana - , , , , , ,

..l...' yow an auto ~E tT) olKa\oAoyia Otl to ttlla-

pta ,,~av tooo Il\KPO ro(JtE n 'C;: -, 0 -, -

0& ,L I 500 n npocoooc 't01) Ka E o1taXT) OEV ~E1tl~PVOO-

ta t. a01tpal56 'tv' , ,

Itn .. " " " a tprro tiunpto ElXE 1tapaxwpT)Od OE tpin

..._, !lO\) to lCaeEVa doe 800 " • " •

Ot6ICQtciot • . npurts uonpa xm, omoe; o.Va<pEpotaV

,__ 'Xo, Ot UvtaAAaYlla slvs " . • II r '\ • r ", .. ,I)t'tt\ Oto' r- ",c. tT]V U1tOXPEo)OT) «0 a,:>apI\.01) va

~ ~O\)PvQ)~~~\)P'O, 6 r,avlCo va elver r07rra7j~ Kai 6 I:axiv vd

U(JIlpa

000 7.000

7.000 - 10.000 10.000 15,000 I .000 - t 0.000 t 20.000

112 92 7 19

ISS H lnaktk H' •

156 6 1(. t ' ICO, t\IlUI>\O nQ 19.

157 ~j)\o no 184.

6.1(., tlpQP\O no 108.

ro flMAllO

'AJt6 ti~ yyp(i(pt~ TtOU avu\p pov ut (J'tOlJ ev 1111, • Ap~u ltla~ r~"(atvt;\ t6 (JtJll1ttpU(JllU tl t6 (miisCcrek) ~·wv a 01l111£\0 \U , outvo Kata t1\ n pl

A.da~ tOU M£x~tt A'. "Eroi, nona ttll6.p\a 1t0' 1,U U

lCa'toxo to 1431, ~taV 7tpolrtou~ll:V(J)r; otvd 0T]/.(10· ~p' a atf\v lCutOXTt 060 i), mo (JUXVU, 'tPUUV (J7ta/..Tl ev' 1. ul.it6 t ~tio eei npE7tCI va \mo,,(palllliaOlJj.lE Ott t61Cu'ta(J'(I1,O 'tTl • Ap~u ttl de; OEV dval 10 m6 dV'(tJtpoownlKO o ' O,tl uq>op1i 'to. oivd t\ll6.ptO MqaAo nococro riucpkov (18%) Kutct/..UV /..Plo'tluvoi' 9 !CUt utU 'tei q>uwoIlEva, ol "(aiEe; uu'tfi<; t11e; K(ltT]'(opiu~ 1tpoopi~oV'to.v Pl(J) 'Yta Eva uovo npooomo. ' AVtiecLU at <lAi r,., 1tEP10'X,t.;, on(J)~ t6 K1Cho YO, "(opO) o'ta !leoa tOl) 150u uiwva 'to 50% tOW rumple ~'to.v m tis tetek 160 •

Mla UAAT] (JT)!lUV'tlKTt nTJ'Y~ "(la t~ Ilc'Ai:tT] tOU tlllo.PlWtllCO- O\J-

(Jl"!lUtOe; ot~ POU~EAT) slvm 'to icmal (JttPlt.T]1t'tlIC6) -a'tU(J'tlXO 10- (Jav'tt,:aKiou lfie; NtK07tO/\.T]<;, no\) oUVtax9T]KE ato. Ilton to- 150 atwva Kat q>OAaO(JE'tat 010 ' AvatoAlKo Tj.lfij.l<l tfie; 'E9vtKf\C; Bt~1 \0- O~KT)e; 'tfie; I:Oq>lU<; «KUplnOe; xui ME9001Oe;». ,nEP1/.aj.l~~\,E_t 211 Hllapta Kai 15 1tEpt1tOO SEalltna, ota(JJtapt<l (JtTlV ncplOXT] tT]<; (JT]IlEPlvfie; ~OpEtae; BouAyapiae;161. Ka9wc; to KataO'tlXo aut6 otv ouvrd-

158. D.n., "Cl1.uiptO nO 77, 78, 82,83,85,88,94,102,103. 1)7,118,130,131,154 162

180, 182, 185, 191, 194, 195,200,218,220,223,254,289,306,310 I(.L

159. H. Inalcik, «Fatih devrinden once timar ... », (J.n., 0. 137.

160. A. Stoyanovski, (J.n., 0. 125. , - - "Qt, allol

161. '0 R. Stoikov nou ~111l00iEUOE Eva anOo7taolla a\l~ou '(0\1 KQtQOt\l.

, - (11.' R Stoik Novi svedemya za minaloto na buigar-

avaq>&povtat 6\'0I1a'(a XOlpt(J)V ... 1\.. • 01 ov, « , ' - R...'

, - ' lit '(0 llapEl Bov '«(J)V pvu,·YQpt-

skite selishta prez XV-XVI v.», (Nw otOlXUa 0XEtlKa r " ,.,

, ') L . h k' Pren1ed XV 6 to IPOVOt.oytt yupw

KWV OlKIOI1WV 'tOY 150 Kal 160 ai(J)va, stone e: I 5' _ • 'll' 1l0t avaq>t-

o,(u 1430. KataATrYEt 0' auto ~aot~ol1tVO~ oro ovo~a rou .;Ol(&~"t&~ lI'A~Il.Qv6l;9V\KO

_ ').. "v 07tOIO taUll"tl Ill: rov 1\. ...

perm ro~ oaVt~O:KI17tET)~ '(11~ Nicono T)~ ~(lI '(0 ", voA6Y1l0T) QUn1: To

~p(J)a. 'Y7tUPXOUV ol aKo)..ou9E~ QVUPPT)Ol:tC; oXEtll(a 11& t1l_XPO _ -v l).aI.I(Q\'1I(W\

r '''0 - pwt1l<; ,cataotlX(J)ol1~ TW ...

Ka'(aOtlXO OAK 45/29 ~EV EIv(lI npoi V t1l~ n" ,. Alloio a rntoUj.lt

, ,~'. ' 1431 To KatQOtlIO y\a TO u .,

7tEP\oXWV. 'H a7toypaq>l1 aUl.ll EYIVE :0 ,; _ cv avO: soc Ot6. OT)I..(J)I1£VU I(ai ta

7tPOij)"9E ano 'tic; oT)l1aVtlKEC; lit(lq>op&~ ~ou U7tT)~X~ ," :. "'tt u\,Q.n£pO\"tal 000 1[006-

, - plev To y!:Y0vo<; .. ~aMov u .,.

7tpaYl1attKO: doo~T)l1ata 't(J)V '(lila. , '{ ~ lltV\nynG&i ilia y&\'11C1\ liII:o-

, _, 'Ii ivV&t ott 1I1>£1t£1 va & I" I'Y', ., •

roc; dOO~T)l1a roo KaGE ullaptOU 1:.. ..' ~ - 14~1 !lui y&\'1KT1 KatQOuX(I)(JTJ

ypaq>T). 'E7tOI1EVOlC; Gu 7tP&1IE\ vu dxt 7t~OUllap &t T,OU 'E~iOTl~ Q\'a.ptpnQI m6 KQro-

'tlllapi(J)v xrri 0X\ cl7tI.WC; a.7too7taollattKE~ olloypaqlEC;. .

tXEI£II HHN 080MANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

TO TIMAPIO

...... '" o\St£ KQla 't11 OEt)'t€Pll a1toyp<l<j)l1 trov nua. ivo~ I1qaA.€S Ol<lq'lOpi:C; crd I1EytOll trov

iII_..",qe'lK(lV O'tO OlaotllJ.1<l 1tOD I1EOOAaPlloE. 'H ~lA.O'taV otri ziyude 1£0D Otl1V 1tAElO\lfll-

.i"~i'O'''''' &tV t OCJ)I1QtrovOV't(lV crd ~Oll umipxovWlt._~IV Onl Ota8Eoll tlis OlOiKllOllC; Yla 't1l 011- __ "WI. '0 t01nKO~ 01tUXl1s 011CJ); unopoeoe va Hit-

~."_.I» tilv ziyed« roc; tnV €l£Oxn tli'" lJ1tUYCJ)Yli; .1 ..... 0. Ol mpa1tavCJ) blQ<j)Opt; 1£0D ncpnrnpobvtm Kal tl1v np<lYI1(ltlKtl1tPOOo - 0 to\) tlJ.1U-

"':_IMIf'CW'tCll 1tUV'tot€ 'no 111tP l}l€ t vd (1tOA.O-

UfMlP\(t)V, 'flUtt ta f; Ionuo OlOl lltlKa £Y'Ypu-

_rillIIi: to oVOf,laomco 1tOOO not: ei 1 uta 1(l\ 0-

«atnrople; uuapiov <ipL9~ rq.u:zp{(JJv
acnrpa DvoJJaOTu(11 1rparJJUr&q
1rpooo8o~ 1CpOOo6o<;
4.000 - 5.000 25 29
5.000 - 6.000 21 25
6.000 - 7.000 II 14
7.000 - 8.000 7 11
8.000 - 9.000 6 8
9.000 - 10.000 3 7
10.000 - 11.000 1 I
11.000 - 12.000 2 4
12.000 - 13.000 1
13.000 - 14000
14 000 - 15 000 ')
...
+ 1'\ 3 \

I I

TO TIMAPIO

65

xpoooOO XaflT)A?'tI-:Pll,Cmo rriv 6vof.1~CJn~1l. 'E?ro,bt~CJlle; un~p_ J.GV musterek (K01Va), 'tl~apta, ,CJO~OAt':,a" tptav;u uno t~ ChU1COCHa !vuKa xoi> flUA1o'ta avnxcv CJ€ n€vt€ 11 €~t npocemn. Tstorc ~tav to tlJ1UPlO 'tOW NouoPEt, Xaf.1sa Kat Moupdr (ytrov tou 'OKTCJOi) MsIJ1&t), 'AA~ (YlOf) roii 'loa) Kai 'AXf.1E-t (ylOU 'tOu LOOA€tf.1avI63) ~ to tq.UlplO nov M€XflE't (YlOU 'tOU LtATiK) NuCJouX (ytOU tOU Tunpn, 1\J.t). KapayKtO~ (ylOU 'tOU 'Af.11tv'tooAax), TCJaAlK rtaXCJa, KlonE1c KaL UlV'tflUVI64. 'Eniorp; to nuripto trov Knpri XUt~ll Kat TOU aOEA.00 rou I'ioocoee, Mnupix Kai rlOOCJou<Pxav {ytOi tou ftaKoufln,

~p Kai Xaouv)165 K.<1. 'H npaYf.1a'tlKll1tpOCJOooe; 'tOu 1tP<lHOO ~tav 2.131 aoxpa, tOU OEtnEpou 1.466 xci rof tpirou 3.230. Ltie; nupumiV(O upl1ttci)(JEt~, btioll;. oi CJUVtOtoKti}tEe; JlOtpu~ovrav to 'tlf.1UptO too; OIl flOVO flE O\rYYEvEl<; roue aAAU Kat JlE ~EVOO<;.

"Eva cUA.O 1tEP1Al11t'!llCO (icmaJ) KatuCJ'tlXO, 1tOU 1tEptAaf.1~aVEl tU I:&plOOO'tEpa tlflUpta t~<; 1tEPlOXi}<; tTic; I.o<ptac; Kat OptCJf.1EVa ttudptu til<; UP1.0X~C; tOU Pirot, flae; OiVEt tie; aKOAOUOE<; 1tA11PO<popiEC; yta to ~ trov npupiev tTie; POUf.1EAll<;I66:

5.000 uc:mpa, EVro 'to. U1tOAOl1ta OEKaE1t'to. ~E1tEpvoi)ao.v to. 10.000 uCJ1tpa.

"Onox; dvat yvwo'to, 'tlJlo.pta OEV 1tapo.XffipOUVto.v 1l0VO o'to\><;

CJ1taxTiOI-:<;, a.AAo. Kat aE JlEAl1UA),WV a'tpo.nffittKrov affiJlo.'tffiv, 01tffi<; oi v'tOyav'tsTiOE<; (dogancl1ar). "Eva Kato.attXo 1to\> 1tEptAaJlPo.vEt ttJlo.pta v'toyav'tSll0wv 'tllv a.va'toAtKll POuJlEAl1 Kai 'to Aiyaio16" OtixvEl ott 'ta 'tlJlo.pla au'to., JlE'to. 'to. JlEao. tOU 150u aiffivo., dxo.v Ko.'to. npo-

OEY'YtOll 'to. a.KoAou9a JlEYf:9ll:

/iU1rpa

300 300 - 500 500 - 1.000 1.000 - 2.000 2.000 - 3.000 3.000 - 5.000

+ 5.000

UU1(pa dp. tiuapuov /i(J1Cpa dp. Tlpapimv
1.000 1 6.000 - 7.000 3
1.000 - 2.000 3 7.000 - 8.000 6
2.000 - 3.000 7 8.000 - 9.000 1
3.000 - 4.000 16 9.000 - 10.000 1
4.000 - 5.000 7 + 10.000 2
SOOO - 6.000 4 ap. TlJ1ap{{J)V 22

22

44

6 4 4· 5

...... ~ lmparatorlutu'nd ' ..

lI&P\~iv <tt1\v 69m ~, 'Vlrtl'Vl simflann hukuku statusu»

I1QV\lcTj autOlcpatopia), Vlka X/58, o. 259:

TO TIMAPIO

6

anO'tEAEOI.Ul 't1)<; EAAWVll<; aVUAU'ttlcrov KU'tuo'tiX())v - bClf\p6h:t

, s: ' ,. - u.,« ." ~ Ut

ern utU,o'tUOll nou u~llP~E UVU~EO,U ~'t~v 6~01!UOttKl1 KUt 'tl1v xpc-

'1~unKll n~uptffi'ttKll npocooo. M uurov tov rpono, El!lj>uvi0111KUV rov 170 uiwva 01~V unroxpuropiu nl!o.ptu X())pi<; EOOOU (bihasil timar), OllAUOl1 n~o.ptu ltOD un1)PXuv anAro<; o'to. xupno., oi Ko.tOX01 1roV Oltoi.ffiv ~ll"oUOUV aOUiKOltU vri anuAAuyouV an' UU10.172•

Tui triv nspioeo nOD E~E1<l~OUI!E OEV EXOtil!E Myou<; vd {moetOOU~E on un1)PXE oll~uv'ttK~ otalj>0po. aVo.l!EOU 010. 6VOI!U01lKo.Kui to. npa'1~uttKo. dooor\~ata trov ttunpirov. Tui vu anOlj>uyotJl!E O).1())<; Kui tr\v EA<lXt0111m9avo'tlltU ~la<; 'tE'tOlU<; ()lUlj>oponoillOll<;, ea m:piootcoope 't~ ~EAEtll ).1U<; crnv avo.AuOll 'trov 'tlI!UPt())'ttKroV KUtUotiXffiv lOU 150u nkevc, ()llAUOl1 OE ).110. nspiodo nou oi ()tUIj>OPE<; aUtE<; npsnet vu ~'tuv aKo~ll mo aol1~uv'tE<;.

TEAo<;, ~l)"WV'tU<; '110. 'to ~EOO ~EYE90<; tOU ttuupioo tVO<; onuxf\, ()l1AU()T) Ylo. 'to ~EOO br\010 noaa nOD anUl"tOUOE ~ oUVtl1Pll011 tOU, otv ~nopOU~E vo. ~r\v avulj>Ep90U~E o't~v a'1opuonKl1 MVU~l1 tOU liorrpou rov 150 ukovc. ME OE()O~EVa npro'to, Ott ()EV lmf\pXE KOt~ vo~t(J~UnK~ (bto'ti~ll<Jll trov OUVUAAU'1roV ot~V UUtOKpu'topiu KUi, ()EDtEPO, on ~ unoti~lloll ~ou a.onpou dXE ~()11 apxiOEt ano ~v Enox~ lOU MEX~E't B' 173 -o't~v Enox~ trov OlUMX())v tOU r.OUAEl).1aV nf\ pe ()\.a<J1o.oE\.<; Kataotpoq>\.KE<; - OAE<; of tl).1E<; nou avuq>tpoV'tUt oti<; 69ffi~UV1KE<; nll'1E<; npEltEl. vo. 9E())POUVtut unAro<; EVOEtKttKE<;174. '0 H. Inalcik napu9EtEl. 'tie; aKoAoueEe; n~t<; Yla to 1431: 10 li01tPU y\.o. gva K01AO crrtipi, 6lionpu y\.o. gva KotM pust TlKEXPi, 10 lionpu yto. Eva npo~u'to -t~V tOlU Enox~, o't~v Ilpooou, to npo~UtO EKavE 20 lionpa. 1:'t0. 'teAll 't1)<; ~uo\.AEiu<; lOU MEX~Et B' EVU KOl).O orrdpt eKavE ~Ol1 20 lionpu175• TO. ()l1~OOtEu~tvu iEPO()tKUOttKo. Kuto.onxu 't1)e; 1:oq>lae; altotEAouv Evav aouYKplta mo eYKupo O()~yo y~o. t~e; n~Ee; no\) toxuuv oti<; nEp\.OxEe; tf\e; ol1~Eptvf\e; Boukyaptu<; OtO owrspo ~\.oo 'tOU 160u aiwva176• 'EKEi ~piOKOU~E ta aKO).OUeU 01:0\-

XEia:

172. V. Moutaftchieva, «'La sustoyanieto na spahlluka ... , O.K., o. 56 !C.t

173. Fr. Babinger, a.fr., o. 96. ..' 8 7-1835) IV

174. J. von Hammer, Gesehiehte des Osmsnisdim Relches (ITtotTI 1 2 .'

0.193.

175.11. lnalcik, Hicti, c. XXXV-VI. .. . {i Mow 0

176. G. Galabov, H. W. Duda, Die Prolokollbucher des Kadlamtes So la, X

1960.

ArP0TlKEI: l:XEl:EIl: l:THN OenMANIKH A YT OKPATOPIA

aya(}d (min ot 7tOA.ll

~UAO~ ~t &00 ~UA07tE~PE~ crt(AIi~o~

OKA<i~u

aAo,,(o

~u~Wtl\~

1 KotM Kpt9<ipt

17 H Hadjt"-'~

..... 5"'. 6.11" • c. 320-331

'CIjJtr; 1.000 - 4.000 5.200

1.000 - 4.000 1.000 - 2.000

800 - 900 1.500

10

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»

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TOTIMAPIO

<pt~OA.i.E~ oxptKo.l!t "to nupuno.vro 1;,ll"tT\l!u. AoyolJ Xo.PT\ ctou ~-

, I: ' A ' I: ., ~ I!OIJII.K

VUI!EuE~ Kut I-'UKOU<pVUI!EuE~ nou ouv"tUOOOV1:Ut I!e Ao.on 'to. 1tU J.._

~ ,_, , .l. I-' . I PU1tu

vm EY"(pu<pu, ot yUtE~ U\YCE~ uvu<pep0V"tut I!t "to. apto. "tour "to. 01t0-

, ,,~ '\' ':>' lU

nEptY?U~OV:Ul. I!E I!EYU~T\ II.En1:OI!EpE~u178. rto. "to "ttllo.Pto oev {mo.p-

x~t KU"t~ uv"tt~"tOt!-~. ~"tu nu~uxro~T\"tT\~tU "trov rumplmv avuypo.<pEtUl uovo 1:0 nooo roo E"tT\01.OU EtcrOOT\I!U1:O~ 1:OUe; KUl "to OVOI!U Ev6~ an6 "to. xropto. nou KU"tU~o.AAouv"t6 noaa U\)1:o. TO. unoA.otnu XWplo. 1(Ul oi J.l&'pa&~ nou anup"ti.1;,ouv "tll <p€OUOUAtKll 1tpOOOOO "to\) ttllUpiolJ 1(U"taxropoDV"tUt Ka"to. KUVOVU, ro~ "ve gayriden" (xni an6 aA.A.u) 179. <E1tol!evw~, cr' 0.\)1:11 "tllv nEpin"twoT\, "to OVOI!U to\) xroPtOU XPT\<JtllonOlEi"tUl. mo noAU yto. vu «()vol!a"ti.ow>"to ,'tll!o.ptO 1tUpo. yto. vo. opicu "to nEptEXO~EVO 1:OU. 'H 6vOlluoi.a XPT\oiIlWE "(to. vo. npoOOtOPloEt KU"tU npooeyytoT\, "tllv 1:OnoeEoiu ano "tllv onoiu UV"tAO\)OE 0 01tUxr\e; to. dooolll!U"tu 1:OU. Y Av "to xwptO "tau"tt1;,6"tuv I!e "to "ttl!o.ptO, note AOYO eu dXE t1 KEv"CptKll O1.OlKT\OT\ va. I!llv IlE"tUXEtpt01:Ei "tr\ lle9000 nou dXE KUetEproed yta. "ta. 1l0UAKtU xul "tel ~UKOU<ptU, OT\/,UOr\ tr\v aKpt~ll Ku"taYPu<pll aArov "trov ouvopwv rou; Illoto uno uu"tee; "tie; OtU<pO pee; noo f;v"toni.1~ov"tUt crov rpono otutunwoT\e; tOU EVOe; KUl. "tou aAAou Tunou Yile; KpU~OV"tUt uvU~<pi~OAU KUt o1.u<popee; we; 1tp6e; "t6

nEptEX0I!EVO Kai "tll I!OP<Pll 1:OUe;.

L"tU nEp1.AT\n"ttKa. (icmaJ) KUta.OUXu KU"tUXWPl.1;,ov"tuv "to QVOIlU

"tOD "ttI!UP1.OUXou KUl "tel xropta. nou OUVto"tououv "to "tt1!a.plO orriv 1:EAEU"taiu Ka"tuo"tixwoT\. O{hE ~el a.VUAUUK<i Ol!roe; 1(utuonxu (mufassaJ) UnOOEl.KVUUV "to. optU "trov nl!upl.WV, 1l0A.ov6tt 1tEP1£YPU<pav "to nEptEX0I!EVO 1:OUe; I!e Ko.eE AE1t1:OI!epElu. ' AV£<pEPUV uovo tei 6vo~u"tu "trov a.PXT\Yrov trov uno"tEArov 01tntrov, nou UVi'\KUV 0' eVU xroptO Tl ~pioKov"tuv 01aoKopntcrl!evu ot nOAM xropto., 1(u9roc; KUl. rov runo Kui"to noco "trov ouvEnuY0l!evrov <poprov, OT\AUOr\ tr\ ouveE- 0T\ "tile; npooooou nou OtKUlOUV"tUV a 'ttI!UploUXOe;. Td o1tinu (bane) nou Tt"tuv unoXPErol!evu vo. KU"tU~Unouv <p6poue; <J"t?V ?1tUxr\ U~KUV oe YEnOVtKU xropto. Tl oe XroPlo. nou ~pl.OKOV"tU\' OE KU1tOt~ urcoo"tu:

OT\, I!tKPll TlI!EYo.AT\, a.Vo.Aoyul!e "tllv 1tEpl.1t"troOT\. etot, ~UI.lI~.rovuIlE "tie; nupu"tT\PlloEte; "tou H. Inalclk, "to. 1tEptOOO"CEPU XroP1U tOU KUtU-

178. BA.. 1tapaKo:tOl KE<p. B'. - sIt

179. BA.. tiC; UPX&laKec; ~v6't1l't&C; ito\) umipXOl'V oro 'A I'aW,l.IKO TJ.lTJjJa. ign: s an-

bul-Defterhane, Velik Vezir Kai Timan.

TOTIMAPIO

nuk 1(UI. OE1(Ue1t'to. a1tO .0 Leshnitsa. "EvuC; anoc; Xa.~o.lM4k 'ttl1aptO .00 EVu l1£poC; toii Leshnitsa (OE1(U oltl.na), eva. 't~ wi 'X,roptOU Krasne o.TtV 1teptO'X,Tt .1\<; , AoptavoultoA.1'\<; "at &va. tM(p&. l'tOv ToaltvTt M8T)Kav 1t£v.e cninn a1to .1) Leshnitsa ,,0.1. dv'tt W .0 Sradnishte. T£A.o<;, 0 ' Atvriv 1t1\pe OtKa1tEVU; olttna ci1t6 'tOX..,.o Zeliye Kal. E~t a1to .0 Leshnitsa'P.

"Erot o.v 'to 'X,roptO apt8110uoe 110VO t~1)Vta. EVa. oltl.na, uCrtci Mt-

A.u(1) 1tOll 6.vaq>£pal1e, 'ta o1tina a(rta d'X,av Ka.avtl11'\9ti at ~\.pta. TO. o.A.A.U xropta, 'tow o1toiwv 't111)l1u'ta avf\KaV a' airto. to. n"pta, (H)VS£OV'tuv 11£ Ol1aOtC; 1t£v'tt roc; 3£1(0. omnti)v altO 'tpile X.K.O.K. To 'X,wptO Smokina, ot1)v 1ttptoX1) 'tot. Kanin, dX£.1tC1~ 110tpao'tEi o£ 1tEV'tt o1taxilS£c;, U1tO 't06C; onoio I1tpt"oi "a.tdlav I1cpiSm 1t06 U1to'ttl.o\)V'tav uno tva 110VO o1tinl84• fta 't1\v U

tile; 'Ap~uvma; I11tOpo\ll1£ va ltO-I1C ~£ ~e~alot1'\'a. on 't' 1.31 'tll1apla 1tOt an.OtCA.oi.)v'tav ano h U OA.OK/·1'\PO xroptO il altO VM,,"",,"llr

pc xropta ft'tuv 1t0"'\: A.i:ya.

nOA.A.a tttlapta 1tOll u1tap'tiCo\''tat altO 't111)I1Uta X P"- ~ <K

I1E men or ouv't~a1(l tf\~ 't1(6noA.1'\; " OtT)~ ltEPtoX 't"fti; IO-

in 01:0 UX1.yu, tii; 'isoka , 10- 'A~ptt Xiocp, t-C;~

\. 0.A.}.0\:. 1 ta Kuta n Xa t - v U cpu ovtnv U 0 0 ~ o~ np n \. vc t 1

up \.l(Jla" 0 tal 0. 1

a 0. Jt 5 1) 1( au or a I1lt paouu ott an uvt\o't

1'\ HI P\(}1'\ u a o a X \

19t ' ..

• nWJTOAUCO T, ,

9'l. 'AWlTOAIICO ~i'jJ.W, S~gn: OAK 45/29,

91. H.. lnalclk. H' i'/_JJa, Sign: Inv. n? 1/1959 1M A ,ICO, e. XXIX .

VllTOAuc6 T, Of •

p"pa, Sign: OAK 4

5/29 <po 34a Kat 37b.

TOTIMAPIO

"OAE<; ot 1tpa~Et<; 1tOD GXE'tU~OV't(ll ~t n\ ~E'tu~i.~uon 'toli n

k' " ' ,,' 'I ~UplO\J

uVUq>EPOV'tut ~E 'to YEVtKO opo tsbvil (aAAuy1\, ono opoue; IlE'tU~l~U-

(11), Ei1tU~E 1tUpU1taVffi on it vouoesotc EXEt aOXOATled lto).1J Ilt t iv «KA11PovO~tK1\ OlUOOX1\» 'tOU rtunpiou, o11Au01\ Ilt 'tll IlE'tU~i~u~t\ 'tOU G'tO, ytO 'WU ~1t~e~VOV'tu ii, LOU tJ1t:pt\AtKU 'ttIlUpui)'tT\, xui 'tiC; U1t0XPEroGW; 1tOU uu'tTl GUVEltUYE'tut. Av AOlltOV nepioptcroouc G't1\v aVaAUGTl 'ti'\<; 6effi~uvlKi'\C; VO~OOEGI.Ue; LOU ISo\) KUl 160u uiffiva Oa ~dVOU~E ~e 't1\v EV'tD1tffiG11 OLl it KA11PovolllK1\ OlUOOXt\ Tt'tuv 6 KUPlo'tEpOe; 'tp01tOe; ~E'tu~i~UG11e;· 'R EPEUVU 0llffiC; 'trov 'tlIlUPl<O'tlKrov Ku'tUG'tiXffiV 'ti'\e; ltEptOOOU utni'\e; ii, clKPlPtG'tEPU, 'trov K(l'tUO'ttx<ov EKdvffiV 1tOD 1tEptexOUv G'totxEiu GXELlKa IlS 'tic; «IlE'tuPOA.£e;» 'trov rtuupircv, oev EVtcrXDEt utn1\ 't1\v <l1t0\v11·

'A1to 'to. 335 'ttllaplu 1tOD KU'tUXffip1\OTlKUV <no Ku'tao'nxo 'tfte;

'Ap~uvm,ii<;, 59 ~E'tu~tPaG't11Kuv G'tODe; ytoDe; 'trov 1tPOTlYouIlEV<OV 'ttlluptODXffiV, EVro uovo nsvte Ppte11KuV G't11V KU'tOXt\ OltUXt\o<ov rpi't11e; YEvtii<;, 811Auo1\ 'to 20% LOU GUVoAtKOU aptOlloU, Tu (mol.omu clVi'\KUV Gt 1tPOGffi1tU 1tOD Mv dxuv GUYI'EVtKOU<; oEO~OoC; ~t tOV npo- 11yoDIlEVO 'tt~UPtro't11. 'A~i~Et va G11~El<oOEi on a1t' OAEe; 'ti<; ~E'tuPlPaGEl.<; 1tOD EXOUV KU'tUXffiptG'tct cr' uino 'to KU'taOnxo, uovo oi 180 avuq>tpov'tut Gf: YtOD<; G1tux1\8<ov' a1t' UULOU<; oi 65 KATlpov6~Tloav to 'tlllaptO LOU 1tu'tf:PU 'tOU<;. LLOD<; U1tOAOt1tOU<; 115 069TlKuv n~apta <lAAroV. 'E1tO~f:Vffi<;, clKO~U KUI. G'tie; 1tEpt1t'troGEl<; 1tot> l\ KEV'tPlKt) otOI.K11Gll o.VUYVroPl~E o'tt 0 yto<; Ka1totOU G1tUxi'\ otKUwuvtav 'Hllapto. Of:V T\'tuv U1tOXPEffillf:V11 vd 'tOU 1tUPUXo>p1\GEl 'to tl~aplO ltOo aVflKE orov 1tu'tf:PU rou. L'tl.<; 1tEpWGo'tEpEe; 1tEpt1t'tffioEt<;, tKUV01tO\oUOE to uh11lla roo 8ivov'tae; 'tOU <lAAO ruuipto. '0 vOlloe; AOl1tOV 1tOU auq>roc; KUeOpt~E 't1\ ~E'tUPi.PUGTl 'tOU 'tl~upiou 0.1t0 1tu'tf:PU af: ytO, Of:V eq>up-

~oso'tuv KU'ta ypa~~u. . • .

'A1to 'tie; 65 1tEPt1t'troGEt<;, Ku'ta 'tl.<; ()1tOiEe; ol y\01 altuXTl0<Ov lUltP~

vouv 'to 'tt~aptO 'tOU 1tu'tf:PU 'tOU<;, pyui.vouv Kui <lAAU OTlIlUV'tliCU GU~1tEpaG~u'tu 01t0><; on l\ ~Etu~ipuo11 tOU t1~upiou (mo tOV ~vuv

• Ka't0XO crov <l~AO ywo'tuv GXE()6V 1tavtO'tE, ~E'ta alto avuolOPYUV<OGTl, 011Auo1\ aq>ou dXE Ku'tu't~119Ei. To 'tt~ciptO AOl1tOV E'it~ ~E'ta~l~a~OtuV G'to Y1.0 'tOU G1tuxfl Exov'tUe; un:oo'tEl 'ttlv 1tpO~AEltoIlEVTl ~El<O-

rronxrr l:Xl IF IL l.lHN OC-)!lMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA ---=.:.::.:

orxo oj.ttl<11 U1tl1PEolu "C~<; UUWl<putopiu<; KpU"COUOe 'to Ulll'-,,,,vu,,, '1 ) 1tUPUXWPOUO , O£ K(l7tOLOV UAAO, Ei'tt: 1l0IPU~0'tUV uvul uo, !pdt, ~ 1tt;ptO(jO'tEPOUC; ytOuc; toi) 'ttllQPIWtTjI96. 7tP~KU to ytll miisterek tlIlUPW, to IlEpi()w tou 1tUtEpu xsporoo; YWUt, ~tiKPatVl; UKOI11"} 1tEptOOOtEPO OE 0XEOTj j.tE 'tn I£t.I.IW\'" nov 5, AWV «aI)VlowK"CTj"CwwI97. ME liA.Au AOYlu, KUt Ot~v 1.00'1 nov KA I1POVOIlOl)Il€Vc.ov nucptev ii'tuv EJl<pUV~e; ~ tnall

IC UtJ.l'1all" 0' 5).0 KUt IltKpOtEPU Il€P1"}.

Ii liHu KuruoHXu nou Otu9EtOullE bEV PpiOKOUJlE neptoOotenpoeopis; 0XEtlKU IlE t~ Jle"CuPipuo1"} . .Eto KU'tUOtlXO 'tfjc;

\ AOYOlJ X<iPT), PpiOKOUJlE Otl eXouv JlE"CUplpUOtei OE KAT)povo-

J.lOVO OlCtW TlIlUPUl1'l8 ot OUVOAO 51. 'AVtlO't01X0i)V, 01"}AUO~, I 6 nspino» nov tlllUptwv tfje; n£plOxfjc; 'tile; .EO<pLUC;, 1tOl> elvci

x 7tA.~O\a avuAoYIUIl' UUt~V nOD E()c.oOe T} UVUAU01"} 'tou KU'tUO'tt-

u t~~ • Ap~uvlttuC;. To KUtUO'ttXo tOU Tupvojiou nOD 1teptEXet necnua\ulCo. uovo a'1Il£IWo£l<; Y1U 'tie; Jle'tUptpUOelC;, UVU<PEP£I J.ltU ~ U311C~ ltEpintlOoT) «(KAT)POVOlllUe;» nuuploo. ITpoKEl'tUI YIU 'to 10)1>10 Malkots nOll to KUtEiX£ KunolOe; , A All , ytOe; 'tou Tcrcp: Il£'tu

9O.VCltO tou MeTjKE o,"(OUC; 1tEVte ylOue; rou. 'H U~tU 'tOU ruiupiou t>Xo'tuv OE 4.435 U01tpUI99•

Mt ~aTj to apXeLu1(O UAuc61tOD ()tu9houJls, 1tUPU'tT1POUIl£ o"ct 'to 't\!W.PlO erov 150 uiwvu bEV dxs OIUJlOp<pc.oesi UKOJlTJ OE 0"[(lgep~ ,",woo noil 00. nupEf.lEvE a~umipATJ'tTJ 1tupa 'tie; OIUOOXIKE<; Ils'tuptpa~ hlU1tlO'tWVOUf.le Ott KaeE nudpio elxs Ku90ptollEV1"} OOJl~ uovov &so ICU\PO ~P10ICOtUV otn xepta aUYKeKplllEVOU npootonou. OUtS ~ it oilv9ta11 ~ it f.lopq>~ f.l1topoi)v vd 8ec.opTj90uv OP10"CtKEC;, ytu'tt d& 01tUxl\~ ittav ouvu'tov va MPE\ EVu, ODO " xepiccorspu 0UJ.l- 1t 1\pci)l1Uta yui 'to t\f.lIlP\O tou, "[a o1toiu uAAasuv OAOKATJPc.o'ttKa 't1l o6otuc:n'I tou, '£n1011<; 1a seUIlEna Kui "[a xaotu Ils"[apaAAov"[uV tan6 t1\ l1t'tu~i~o.o~ 10U~. t101, 'to ~Ea~tn 'tOU oouJl1taoTJ 'tOU BeAt-

oe, ltOU ot6 KUt<lOtlXO uvaq>tpe'tut <0<; XaOt, 1teptSAaJlPUVS EVU

TOTIMAPIO

H lDalak, Hicn~ l\l1ciplQ nO 22, 24. ~ nO 10, 33, 88, 97 ").1t.

• tl.\lUj)\Q nO 80, 81. 102, 113, 116 K.ii. Il'O TJlljpa, Sign: lnv. nO 1/1959.

l'O TJlljpa, Sign: TH 31/10, cr. 15.

H·• 15

200. H. Inalclk, len,~. .

201. /hr., ~A.. 1:ll1<iPlO no 59 .

202. O.lf., ~A.. 1:l11<ipto n 67.

fPOTlt..n 1:XEI:1I1l:THN OenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA ~O\)vyKot P Iwi jlE'ta to Oava'to rou, 'ta crdttu alna 1tepa.. to TOt Nuoot)X· HQ~ 'to 1453 'ta E~t onirtu, 1tOU ava<peplh,.

P(Hl Ol)~lf;VW~ 001:. wfjjlu :ou X<?p~ou~ Koprishte, dx.~v jlE'tU~t~o.. tOY \jlO:jlll MOI)0'A.1XEVtlV Kat, EKEtVO 1:0 XPOVO, Evro811KUV Ite J.LCl tOI) xwptoU Mikat Kaiy£'ta~t~a01:l1K~V 01:0 ytO 't,01). To 1oto Ol(tW al(ojll1 OltitUl 'tOU xooptOU Kopnshte 1tpoo'tdll1Kuv Oto J.LClplO tOU Xuoriv ltOU m:p1.f;Aajl~aVe 'to XooptO Filok .• A1to Eyypo.- 1P11 tOU 'iowt! Xpovou ltOU UltaPXEl 0't6 1Cataonxo, jla8aivOUjle Otl

xrc al(Ojl11 onitur tOU Koprishte 86811Kav crov ra~Tj, 1tOU 1tapcm1)' Ih\1CE ano to tljlaplo tou Yla XaPl1 'tou ytOu 'tOU. TeAo~ 'to 1453 €~t Oltttlll tOU iotOD XWPlOU 06811Kav crov XaA.iA., 1tprol1V oKAa~o 'tOU IaXjlEA.E1(20J.

.. Anu anOO1taO'llu'tu 'tOu l<>lOU Ku'taonxou 1tapouOta~ouv OeKaOt~ t£tO\u no.puod'YIlu'tu .• Anobeixvuoov on 'ta ujlapta jlE'ta~l~a~OvtUV 'iow~ !Cul !Ca8E Xpovo. Oi AoYOt OjlOO~ 'trov jle'ta~t~aoeOOv oev avacpepovtut mivtore. "Erot, ouve~UtvE va o'tEPllOei Eva~ O'1taX1)~ 01..0 to nuupto ~ 'tjlfjjlU 'tOU, 1tOU nupaxoopouv'tav oe Ka1tOtOV aA.Ao. fui nUpaOEl"yjlU, EVU~ altO 'tOU~ rsocepu; Ka'toxou~ roii tuiuplou 'tfj~ 1ttPlOXfj~ Mouzakiya 0'tEP1)811K£, Xoopi~ E~TjYllO'll, 1:0 jlEpioto 'tOI), ~ta altO EVtOA.1) KaltOlOU Xall~a jl1tEl1, 6 61toio~ 'to &OOOO'E crov X\~ip. '0 aPXtKO~ Ka'tO"Xo~ KU'ta<pepE va 'to avaK'tTjoEt Aiyo apyo't!;pa204. naA.\ xwpi~ A.6yo, 0 O'1taX1)~ 'tou XOOPlOU Streli OtEpTj811KE 'tjlfjl1<l tou nunptou tOU, 'to onoio 06811K£ oro ytO f:vo<; aA.A.ou 0'1taXfj205.

'Y ltapxouv !C\ ana O''tolXEia O'XEu!Ca jle 'ti~ jle'ta~l~aOel~ rumPUI)V ltO\) f. 'XOV'tat ot aV'ti8EOl1 jle 'tTj vououecic, 01tOO~ 1i EKOOO'l1 1t\o"t~ltOtT' ,t!Cii>v yta 't11 jlE'ta~i~aO'11 'tou~ .• Arto 'ta 1Ca'taonxa ouu- 1ttpalV?\,jlE (S.t\ otv ECPUPjlOCOV'tUv ot 8Ul'ta~Et~ 1tOU a<popouoav 't11V 1tUpaX~Pll~ll te~~ereli !CUt tezkeresiz 'ttjlapioov. '0 AI. Stoyanovski G'I\~\(j)VE\ Ott 0 oAov 'to vaXtytt 'tou Kichovo 'ta njlapta 1tOD dxav ~\o\)~ett jl~ EV'tO).11 'tfj~ KEV'tPtKfj~ 8tOiK11011~ Tl'tav uovo Mo' 'to

ti\e; 'tu~lle; tUlV 1.911 (101tp(Ov Kat 'to au,o trov 2.065. LUjl<poova jlE ~' Ojlroc;, yt' uU'tte; 'ti~ 1tEpt1t'tffioEt~ E1tPE1tE vd a1to<paoioel 6 -1l P\l.1tElle;, tcpooov 'ta 1:tllaptu Tl'tav tezkeresiz. UO).a 'ta U1tOA.Ol-

~ 6 Jr., ~l... -nIUlPIO nO 83. 6 Jr., ~l... t\l1UPIO nO 19. (SIt ~l.. t1lUlP ...n 6

. 10 11" I. np~A.. Kat nO 2, 3 1C.1i.

TO TIMAPIO

lta 1:tjlapta "tOO Kichovo dXav OU1VEIl119d a1tO tOV I1lttTlI P lloAov6n optcrlltva T\'tav oX£06v OlltMOla altO ,6. tezkerell 1: Il pta206. 01 lolE~ ava.KoAouOie~ tmapxow Kat OtOK(l'taOtlXo '(1) Ap ~avt'tta~, onou pAEltoullf: t1.jlaplOUXOU<; vd !Ca'tEXODV a0l1I1UVtE<; lC1:Q osu; j.lE 't11V EyKPWT\ 'to\) 00uA'tavou207 il va CXO\JV mipEt tlllQPtu T\ tjl11lla'ta 'ttllapiwv «IlE ypalllla 'to\) oavt~aKllltCll))208, <l1tUPUX(i)P1)1l vo ano tOV XallSa IlnET\»209, «Ilt 't11V aO£la 'to\) 'IoxaK Illt£rp)210.

Ta o'totXEia 1tOU eKOEoaj.l£ oUYK£vtproOllKav altO to apXC\.UlCO DA.lKO 'to\) I50u ukovu, o'tav 'to ruuipio Iloh<; elx£ Eopat(i)9d, 'AltoOEtKV\)OUV ~EKaOapa ojl(O~ on oro 'ttjlapt(OttKO O'\)ot1)l1a 0l1l1to\JPYTJ- 01)!C£ YP11yopa xaffi(1)~ Ka'tao'taOT\. < H oa<p11~ xni P1)'tTJ OtUtDlt(001) tOW VOlloB€'ttKffiv 8\.a'ta~EOOv 1tOU acpopouv 'to ttllapw a<p1)oe 1tOA.l.OIJ<; d811IlOVE~ Ilt 't11v EV'tU1tOOOT\ on OtO 69wllaVt!C0 ouo't1)IlU ol crpcne'tlKt~ yaie~ aKoAouOouoav auo'tl1P11 iEpapxia, ott 6 o1taXTJ~ <.0<; cpiKO~ 't1l~ a).uoiSa~ Tl'tav cpopta~ avu<paipE't(ov o1.!CatUlllatwv !Cal U1tOXPEffioE(oV, on 'to tlj.laptO ft'tav Eva~ 'tu,1tO~ «CPEOUO~U», Il,ta <pe~uoa).lK11 i8tOK1:T\O'ia. "01tOO~ EioallE 01 lt1l'Y£~ Ilap'tupouv utn !Cataotuol1 'tEAet(o~ 8ta<poPEttK11. Au'to 1tOU EXEl ypa<p't£i 0' EVu cpet~a tll<; btOXll~ s1CetVT\<; 8tv slvut KaOoAou tuxaio: o'ta~ 'ta tt?o£pa-lt~vt(;,awtojla ltOU 1l0lpasov'tav Eva KOtVO (miisterek) ttjla~lo PWtllO~V nv e~ enpsltE va 1tapet 0 KaBEva~ Eva X(OP1.0 'to\) 'ttllaptOu " vc Ilotpa~o~'t(ll j.lE'ta~u 'tOU~ 't11V 1tpoo080 no\) EOl.VE 'to 'ttllapto, 0 oci:!ouAtoJ.~Il11<; 'tou~ a1tav'tl1O'e on «uovov 0 . A)'MX yv(Opi~£t»,211. ~p~Yl1an: oi ~v£Xd~ j.lE't(l~t~aOEl~ Kai Ka'tU'tIl11oEt<; 'tii>v 'ttllaptw~ os 0).0, ~Ut 1l~~POrepc j.ltPl1 6811YT\OE, ~8T\ ano 'ti~ apXE~ tfj~ ltEP,tOOO~ ltO\)ff£~ct~~~:

IlE, O)'OKA1)PO 'to ouo'tT\jla ot Ka'tao'ta(1) nov «j.lOvov eve; "

"~EpE». " • 'I OK1) KU-

"H8n ano 'ta ltpffi'ta xpovta 't1l~ au'tOKpatOpta<; lllt~Ptlt ~, a

'I A. -' (1)' to ttjlaplO bEV uEUl-

'taO''taoT\ 1tOD (1)jltOUPY11eT\KE, aKplp(O~ EltC\

206, A. Stoyanovski, ~.1f., cr. 124. , 'I) 4 624li07!PO:) nO 9 (J.834Iicntpo:)

207. H. Inalcik, Hiett, ""C\llcipw nO 5 (11& dcro 111la . •

!C.Ii.

208. o.1f., tlllo.Plo nO 9,

209. O,1f., t1llciplo nO 83.

210. o.1f., tlllo.P\O nO 5 di. 'I I k Hieri. o. XXV.

211. fIapa1!ollmi no\) OIj)&iI..Ollllf; OlOY H. na CI ,

rP0TIKH 1:XHEII: I:THN 00QMANIKH A YTOKPATO

- PIA

-----

TO TIMAPIO

79

poUVt«v aVE~uPtlltTl q>SOUO~AtKrl K't~cr11 aAAa U?pOtcrlla ~oAArov ~l~v IlEploiwv q>wuouAtK11~ 1tPOcrOOOD, ava1tOq>SUK'ta, tllEAAE v' Mll'YllcrEl ot 1tpocr1taOttt~ opSoAqytKon:pou Ota.Ka.VOVtcrlloU 'tii~ ~t~ tUP1~01lC;. L\tutaYllata yta 'to SElla atl'to £~Eorocrav 01. crouA'tuvol IouA.EiI.uiv A' , LEA.tll B' Kat' AXil£'! A' .• 0 LOUAEtllav A' crtrlv 1tpOo1tuO&ui tOU vd otacrq>aAicret ro rtucpucruco crucr't11lla a1tO 'ti<; auOul~oi&C; trov a~lwllato\')'Xwv 'tii~ • Y\jI11A.fje; TIuA11e;, E~EOfficrt q>lPlluvl CJto o1toio avaq>tp6tav o'tt uovov 1) xsvrpucri ()t01K11cr11 tIXt OlKatWf1U va napaXffipti 'ttllapta212. LK01t6e; 'tOU ()ta.'taYIl(l'tOe; atnou i)tav VU StO&t ttPIlU otrlv Kutacrtacr11 tOU «xnr' EVtOA.rl 'tOU X» Kai «IlE E)'ypacpo tOu 'I/». IlupaAA11Aa, a1ta.y6peue crou; 'tt1la.plOUXOue; vn avtalJ.aoouv ta ttllapta roo; IlE UAAa. Yla va IlrlV ()l1lltOupydtal OU)'XOO1l otic; Katuo'ttxfficrEte;213 .• H OUlcr1tacr11 ,,011 OtaIlOPq>ffiIlEVffiV ttI1Upiwv a1tuyopcu6tav P11ta. LE nspintroon 1tOU 01. o1taxfjoee; OtKatouVtav uixpcrepu ttllapta KUt. au'ta 1tOU EAeuSepwvov'tav i)tav f1£'YtlA.U, hPE1tE 'ta 'tEA.cutaia va 1tapaXffiP11SoUV roe; miisterek=". ' EKOOOt,Kav Ota'taYEC; )'ta vri a1tOKa'tacrtaSouv 'ta xacrta 'troY craVtSUK- 111tS1l0(J)v 1tOU dXav Otao1tao'td215 .• H aq>atpecr11 'tllrllla.'tOe; Ev6e; liOll &t.aJl0P<P(J)IlEVOU nuupiou a1ta),opEu6'tav UV \)1tfjpx,e aotaSe'to 'tlliilla IDou 'ttllapiou216 •• Optousvu KaOrlKov'ta covosovtcv IlS rriv nupuImpllOfl OUYKEKptIlEV(J)V tumpirov Kat ta U'tOIla. 1tOU avaAall~ava.v tU 1C.a9l\KOVta au'tu Tt'tav ava)'KaollEva vu avaA.a~ouv Kai 'tie; yaiee; trov 1tPOKUtOX(J)v 'tOU~217. Ainu 'tU Ota'tuYlla'ta 'tou LOUAetllaV, 1tOU Oecr1tt<ttT\Kav ano rov !\ou'tq>1) nucd, avaveffi011KaV f;V IlEpet a1to rov LeAiIl B'~lg, <> <>~OioC; SEomoE xui Eva avw'ta'to apto yui 'ta oUIl1tA11Pwlla'ta roc 'ttIlUPtOu2l9.

B&t\ai(J)C;, ol napu1tuv(J) «IlE'tappuOllicretC;» 1tOU aq>opoucruv trllle- 'ta~t~OfI t(i)v nucpkcv Su unopcoocv vu EXOUV Ka1tOtU a1to'teAE-

ollu'ta. Ol q>EOUOUAtKtC; 1tpOOOOOt 'trov 01l1l00tc.ov YUt(i)v dxuv 1\01'\ Ku'tUvellT}ed IlE 'thow 'tP01tO crt 1tOAA06C; J..ltKPOUC; ttJ..luptOIJxo\J<; IDo'te 'tuxov 6X'A.ayEc; 1tOU eu E1tEPxovtav vu J..lllV Si~ouv tu a\)Ilq>EpoV'to. EKU'tOV'tUOffiV Kat XtAtUOffiV o1taxll0(J)v. ITUVtc.oC; oi IlEtUpp\Jelltacl<; 'tOO LouAetJ..lUV OEV Tt'tuv PlSOcr1tUO'ttKtC;, Eq>oaov EKUVUV A6yo yui «flOT} OtUJ..l0Pq>ffilltvU» 'ttJ..lupta Kat oxt ytU «'ioPUall» i\ «aVaJ..l0pq>c.oa1'\» 'tOO eeoJ..loo 'tOO ruicpioo. ' E1tt1tAEOV I.l1tOpOOlle vu q>uvtuatOullc ri EKtUOT} KUAumuv tU floT} crXllJ..lattOJ..lEVa 'ttIlUpta, elV y\)piaOUIlE 1tiac.o EKU'tO XpovtU npiv tl1 ~aOtAeia 'tOO LOUAttlluv. Tt' auto, tU 1tUPU1tUve I .. t.t'tpa o'tl1v 1tPUYJ..luttKo'tT}ta otv E1tEq>epuv KalltU ouatUattKl\ !lA.AUyl1. e H UltO\jlT} uu'tl1 EVtOXUttUt a1tO 'to yeyovo~ on crtl\v £1tOxl\ 'trov 8taMXffiv 'tOO LOUAtt~UV, 'to ttJ..lUpt(J)ttKO aUatllllU ~ptaKOtUV liOT} otl1 xu<i:JOT} Ka'tucr'taoT} 1tOU roco SWV"Cuvu 1tf:Ptypuq>tt 6 Kuci bey 'tf\c; rKl..OUIlOUA 'tS t VUC;220.

212.1. von Hammer DO'

213 Jt ' es smaDIschen Reiches Staatsverfassung 0 1t I (J 358-359 .

• u.II"., 0.359. ' .. , , .

214. 0"', 0 .. 360.

215. 1. Deny, a.If .. , 0. 834 216 1. VQn Ha t :

217 Jt ramer, u.1C., 0. 355 ..

• u.II"., 0. 359

III .

'b., 0. 368

li9 0... .

220. V. D. Smirnov, 0.1(., cr. 120 d:.

;;.;... ~Ar_pO_Tl_K_El:_' _1:X_E_l:_EI_l:_l:_T_HN_O_e_n.:._:M.:._:A::.N::IK::..H~A~YT~O~K~PA~TTIOPIA

6pol tasarruf, der-dest Kat sahib bttotxovtat EUPE' ,

\ ' 'So' • 0 ' ta leat

iilullllVllOU 1W1I.\) OOYICEICptJlEVT] spunveic. opoe; tasarrufX

, ' t rd s:: ' PT](Jt-

· __ lItGl 'Y1a va m:ptypa",ct ICa rc otxuuouutn roii O'1taXfi aAA ' ,

;:1.' 1 - - 221 T' '1 a Kat

a..UOIlRta rev l)1tOtEII.WV XWPtKWV . 0 YEyovoe; auto "

1 'A' r e EICaVE

__ ~l)C 'YIO\)'YICOOlI.a..,ouc; toropixoo; vo u1to9tO'ouv Ott e

, () , '1; " ° 'ttJla-

!Cal J( xroptIC?e; Jl~lP? O~ta~ ,ta t,EO'ar 1tapaywyfic;· Elvat OJl(J)~

V6po on ICaVEvac; uno woe; uUO uEV E xe otKai(J)Jla ICUptOt

...At- ""' r ' '11'r "S:: r T]ta~

HI'» r',C;. xpa'YJla nou all.ll.a.,el cponv to 1tEptEXOJlEVO troy OtIC ~, '6 - r r at(J)fIIIII" ..... toUe;. tu noiu !puOtKa O'E lCaJlta 1tEpi1ttWO'T] otv Jl1tOPOUV v'

1tf9ouv roc; Ion. l:ttC; 69(J)JlaVIICEC; 1tT]YEe; 0 opOC; tasarruf nspi ,~

ot 1,.. "S::' ., ypu

fit 'Y'V1IC..., ypaJlJlEC; 'to utlCat(J)Jla EV0C; O'OYICEKptJlEVOU 1tpOO'w

-l. L_ f.' , s:: " 1tOU

U& 6W OUYKEICptj.1t-VO EI00uT]Jla. Eroi, Y1(i 1tapaOEtylla to iEP -

J..J., .r - - N' s:: r- , atEto ._.., • .,~lO\) tT]C; t~alae; ,ut~atoUVt?V to tasarruf (ro!pEAtJlT] ICUpto-

"1m) tTle; _1tQpayro'Y,T)~ ano ~o ~alCou!pt tOU LOUAElJlaV 1taO'u O't~v flP\ovl rev MaAyapwv222. E1ttO'T)C; O't~V 1tOAT] Vilchitrin OptO'JlEva

~l1a aXOtEAOUO'aV to tasarruf lCa1tOtoU MEX"Et223 ~, " ,

, 6 " r- • ~ aUtEe; tlC;

llpurt(j)(1Etc_;. napanuvro opOC; OEV O'~JlatVE UAAO a1tO to Ot"" '

l'Y6c; xpo' 'A A ' n..atwJla

, oronou ,va, aJl..,aVEt O'UYICEKptJlEVT] 1tpOOOO, 1tOU !pUO'tKa OEV

1I'fIO&pxOtav ano tTl Yii.

t O:,~ sahib ~Ivat, E~tO'OU aO'a!p~e;. I1Ev 1tapa1tEJl1tEt JlOVO O'tOUe; = ~ ~ aJ.._Aa Kat o:oue; lCatoXOue; JlOUAKtWV tmiilk: sahibl)224 fOpoA.:;:~E x~roona 1tO~ E{XUV otlCai(J)Jla vd etO'1rpattouv Jlia JlOVO llbib-i i4iir 700; o. 7'tOV lCavouvvaJlt tou XaAE1tiou r1 EK!ppaO'T] ~t:l tov Kvt\)'pttota~E~AEt,Ul a1to rov opo valaf sehibi: r11tPWtn

tT]C; oElCa'tT)<; , - e "AA' 'I

IimtOll tiic; xapayroyii, f: r A ' EV~ 0 a o~ «to OtKatOUXO tOU

• Avo. 'R~ 'I" vo; palCou!ptou»225.

I1fP1.,vAa xP(J)tUPX11C0 otlCai -

.. <m\v ICEvtPl1C~ !p£Ouo A ' (J)~a rou tlJlaptwtT] ~tav to «JlE-

~ hTtn~oia .,.ii, "'u' a tlCT]1tpOO'ooo 1tOU tou otE9En: .,s. OtICO-

yv "I"~ 'tolCpatop' 'E~'11 'I

tae;. ..,all.lI.ou, aSiSEt va t)1toypaJl-

TO TIMAPIO

~iO'oOI'U: on to 90%, XIDpi<; t)1tEP~OA:t\, 'trov bta'taYI.lO:trov nou b:066T}K(lV ano t'tl~ 68(J)l.laVl~'tl OtO~ICT]O'l1 'tOY, IS? ~ai 160 aici>va ava.cpt.pov'tal 0'£ Sl1tTl~(l't~ 1t~U O'~Ettso~'tal IlE to U~o<; xui 't'tl I.lOP'P'tl ti\<; npoO'OOOU, tT]V osoic OtE8E'tE to ICpa.tOC; crou; 'ttl.laptOuxou<;226.

To KUPtO XapalCtT]ptO'ttKO 'tiie; q>OPOAOytlCiiC; npocooou cr'tt\v 68ID~avtK'tl autoICpawpia elver to YEYOVO~ Ott xctcvsuerm aVa.I.lEcra orriv KEV'tptlC'tl f;~ouO'ia xui tOV 'ttJlaptOuxo. Oiits OI.l(J)C; 'tOI.lEpOC; ti\c; 1tpoO'ooou 1tOU, O'UJlq>IDva I.lE 'to VOI.lO, 1tpOoptso'tav yta. 'tou<; 'ttl.lapt06- XOUC;, OEV tOUe; aviilCE OAOICAT]PIDt1lCa. "Htuv \)1t0XPE<OI.lEVOt va. oiVOUV Eva noco ad? tEpaPXtKa aVci>tEPEC; ta.~El~ trov crnax'tlorov227• Au'to M~YT]O'E tOV O. L. Barkan oro O'ul.l1ttpaO'l.la Ott ol I.lnET]AEPI.l1tE- 110E<; Kai oi O'aVt~aKJl1tET]OEe; O'UI.ll.lEtEixav O'tU nudptc 'trov O'naxt\OIDV 1tOU ~'tav lCa'toltEpoi tOUC;228. ' ErriO'11e; 1tOAAE<; !pOPEC; 'to ICpU'tO~ o11~tOUPyouO'E Kt UAAO ttudpio ano t~V lota (jlEOUOaAl1C'tl 1tpocrooo I.ltu<; m:ptOxii<;, KatotKT]JlEVT]C; f\ Jl~, oteupuvov'tac; EtO'l rov apl81.lo 'trov npoorbmov 1tOU O'UI.lJlEtEixav oro uotpuouc 'til<; O'UYICEICptI.lEVT]<; xpocofiou. I'i' auto OEV ll1topEi va yiVEt AOYOC; 'Yta. OiICOVOl.llIC~ autotEAEta to\) o1taX;; O'ta 1tAai.ata tOU ttl.laptID'tllCOU O'uO'~l.latOC;. , EIC'toC; a1to tOV O'1tax~ f\ Ila.AAOV tOUC; O'1taxiiOE~, oi onoiot ro~ tniisterek f\ roe; d01tpalCtOpEe; olaq>0pIDv 1tPOO'OOIDV, O'uvEAEyav t~ OEICa.tT) lCai tOUe; \)1tOAOt1tOUe; parlE !popOUC;, to I.lEpiOtO tOU KpUtOU~ O'tl.~ npooodoo; tOU ruicptou O'uvEAeyav lCai 1toAAoi (iAAOt: 1t.X· 0 tl1ta.AAT]AOe; nou ~tav E7tt!pOpttOJlEVOe; JlE t~ O'UAAOYtl tOU ICE!paAlicou !popOU (cizye), oi tnevkuicu (dO'1tpaICtOpee; troy !poprov 1tOU 1tA.'tlp<ovav to. Il'tl «f;'Y'YEypaJlJlEva» oninc) oi beytiilmelct (ol onoiot EiO'E1tpa'tav 'ta. xp~Jla'ta a1tO 't~ O~JlEUO'T] troy 1tEptOUO'trov OO'IDV 1tE8atvav (i1CA.T)POl) ICat ol U1ta.AAT]AOt troy Jl1tET]AEpJl1tET]O(J)V lCat trov O'aV'tSUIC~1tET]OwV 1tOU dXav OlKaiIDl.la O'E avtiO'tOlXa ~Epiota troy EKtaIC't<OV q>OPIDV (avariz). Auto to 1tA;;90e; 'troy !pOPOEtcr1tpaIC'topIDv 1tOU ollClltOovtaV, I.lia, Mo f\ Kat 1tEPtO'crOtEpEe; aJlOtPEe;, a1tO'tEAOUOE !pUO'tKU rpouspo (iXeoC; yta tOY U1tOtEA~ 1tAT]9uoJlo. 'H KatuO''taO'T] al)'tt\, o~roC;, OEv E~U1tT]PEtOUcrE tOUe; EIC1tpoO'W1tOUe; tiie; Kupi.apXTlC; 'ta.~11C;, lta'tl. 'toue; U1t0XPEIDVE va. o.vamuO'oOUv 1tOAU1tAOKEC; axSO'Et~, 't00'0 IlE'ta~u toue;

226. [ui ta dOll KU{ to u'l'o~ t~~ tpOPOAOytKij<; 1tpoOOOOll, ~A.. 1tUPUICUtCil ICE" I".

227. V. Moutaftchieva, «K voprosy a feodal'noi ... » 6.tr., (1, 92 d.

228. O. L. Barkan, «Ciftci suuflann ... », Olkii X/58, 0. 300.

TO TIMAPIO

8

YEVtK" svvota «nudpro» n06 KaVEt M6va"Cll "C"v avi:x.VWOll onouovo"no"CE a'AJ"ayrov O"C" ~opcp" "Crov ~E~OV(J)~tv(J)v xapalC"CllPtO"CtK(oV "COo 8Ecr~OO au'too. L'tO n~aptUlnKo 0~(J)~ cr()cr'tll~a 01lIlEt<i>911Kav 6ptcr~EVE~ af..f..o.yE~ aKo~a Kai oro crXEnKa ~tKPO otacr"Cll~a nOD ~Ecrof..aPllcrE uva~Ecro. cr"C" pacrtf..Eia "Coo Moupdt B' xni "COD LO\Jf..ElllaV A'. MEPtKE~ uno "Ci~ af..f..ayE~ aU'tE~ crXE"Ci~ov"Cal ~t 'ti~ E~ouoh:~ "CO\) n~apt<i>'tll·

To Ko.'tacrnxo 'tii~ , Appavtna~, f..oyou XaPll, anOOEtKvUEt ~EKa.-

Bupu on of..a, X(J)pi~ t~aipEcrll, 'ta ~" «EYYEypa~~tva» cninu EVO~ XUlptoU Ka'ta 't" vEa anoypacp" OEV Ka'taypacpov'tav ~a~i IlE 'ta. unof..otna crnino., 'ta onoio. ~"Cav Suvctov va aviiKav crE Eva ~ nsptocorspc 'tt~apta232. e Enousvo»; elver cracpE~ on EKdVl) 't"V EnoX" 6 crnax,,~ OEV ~'tav K6pto~ ~ta~ cruYKEKPtIlEVll~ EK'tacrll~ Yii~' orriv npay~a'ttKo'tll'ta 'to 'tt~apto 'tou uno'tEf..Ouv'tav ano "C"v npooooo f;VO~ OEOO~EVOU upt8~ou uno'tEf..rov cr1ttnrov. "Opiouevc anocrna.crlla'to. 'tii~ vo~o8Ecria~ "Cou LOUf..Ei~av A' ~a~ E1tt'tpEnouv vri unoOEcroullE on cr"C" OtapKEto. 'tii~ pacrtf..Eia~ rou, ol t~oucriE~ "COu crnaxii, uno 't"v iOto'tll'ta "Cou sahib-i arz (xupiou 'tii~ Yii~) £IXav otEUpuv8d. "Erot ano rov KaVO\)VVa~E 'tii~ NtKonof..ll~ ~a8aivoullE on oi haymana (oi liv8pUlnOt noD OEV £IXo.v cr'taOEp" ota~ov" Kai BEV ~"Cav Ka'taX(J)ptcr~VOt f;noIlEvUl~ crE Ka'tacr'ttXo), ano 't" crny~" noD 8a tYKa8icrtav"Co crE nEptoX" noD aviiKE crE tuidpto, ~'to.v unoxp~(J)IlEvot ~a<Kata~a.A.A.o~V oopoo; crov 'ttllaptoUXo, tvro ol craVt~aKllnEllBE~ Kat oi ~nEllA.tp~n~llBE~ BEV £IXav BtKai(J)~a vri anat't"crouv cpopou~, Ecpocrov ~tav n~a~

- , , , '233 ' Ano

pio ~ Yii cr't"v onotu £Ixav tYKa'tacr'ta8Et au:~t o~ X(J)~tlCOt, : ,

'tEtOtE~ nEptn't<i>crEt~ ouivettn aPKE'ta Ka8apa on Ul~ to:'E, 'to WJ?Oll~a tou crnaxii OEV KaOoptS0'tav ano 't"v Ka'tax<i>ptcrll "C(J)V npocr~Orov noD nf.." pevcv crUYKEKpt~EVa crni nc, aA.f..a aVti8tta, Ka80pt~otav ano 't"v EKtacrll Yii~. napo~oto Bta'to.y~a ntptEXEt Kat 6,Kavo,uvvaIlEe; 'tii~ Ltf..icr'tpto.~ (Silistra): «oro f;~ii~, Ka8Eva~ [crnaXll~], Sa EXtt .0lKo.iUl~a navUl cr' ocrou~ 7repl1rJ...avdJJlevov~ Blaf..E~OUV c.O~, ton~ Ota-

N ,.' AS:' ylla autO EVtacrcrEt

uovru; rou; 'to xUlpto 'tOU»234. Eno~EvUl~, 'tv oiutn r

124 161 281 8 217 20 30 !C.t.A..

232. H. Inalcik, Hied, ta 'tlllaplu nO 102, 184, 70, ' . " , ,

233. O. L. Barkan, Kanunlar, cr. 268.

234. a.fr., cr. 272.

rpOTlKE .. l:XELEIl: l:THN OenMANIKH A YTOKP

::.:.._--------- . ATOPIA

-

OJ'a't~ OAOU 106e; alCataXWpto'tOUe; XroptlCove; ota tt~apta '

_~ ~, ,om

KOia aVllKE ~ YTI v1tOU oieuevcv.

Me tOY 'iblO rpono, liv Evae; 1tA11eUO~Oe; autile; tile; lCatn'Vop'

, e - • u r' " . I I tac;

pxo'tav va E1KataO'ta st 0 Eva uecpa, xovro O€ XroptO 1tOV aVii

-S. .l r - , 1 ' ~ , •• ICE

Uto t\J1aplO, v O'1taXllC; tOU rtucpio» EtX€ to otxcuouu va a1tatt11

...J."" 1. ' , ,'. , ·.O'Et

'I"'t"'~ uno to. vEO£ylCat€ot11~Eva npooomu, nxouu lCai liv 6 ~€spa

Mv <ruJ1nEptAaJ1~avOtav otie; yai€e; roo. "A v o~roe; 6 ~€spae; a1tEi C; KOA.6,a1to to ~~PtO, ~E bt~A~DEe; auto{ ~apalCt11p{sovtav «ElCtoe; IC~~ ta<TtlX0U) Kat avaA.aJ1~aVE t11 <pOpoAoyta rou; Tj O{lCOVO~tlC~ U1tn E-

~,.,23S 'O.l ,- -, ·.p

',.<6., vptO'J10C; tOW «xovnvev» xrn «~alCptv&v» ~€spaDrov no-

~la~tt tVOta<PEpOV"AOY~ tile; EAaonlCOt11tae; roo. «Kovnvoo, SEOlpOuVtav 6 J1E~pae;, oruv ol xdroucoi tOU E1tatpvav V€PO a1tO to

'Im'~ - -236 T',\

•• "ya \ tOU ~(i)P\OU ,,' E~Oe; 1taAt a1tO tOV xuvouvvcus tile; LtAi-

(J'tpla? J1aealVO~~E 0;\ ?\ paytaD€e;, 1tOV DEV Tjtav U1tOt€AEie; oro mtaXTI, ~tav Kat a~Xllv U1t_OXp~ro~EVOt vd tOU lCata~aAAOuv t~ D€lCarn, o~av Ka~A.~EpyOUO'~v Y11_ 1tOU YE\tOVEUE ~E ta xropa<pta 1tOV lCaAAt£pyouoav Ot U1tOtEAEtC; tou O'1taxil Tl Bprcxotuv aVall€Oa Ot11 'Vii tO~237. ,... '. I'.

_TO. napanav(i) otataYJ1ata ava~<pi~OAa E1tElCt€t vav rlc b~ ouci cor 'to\) unaxil K' , , , ., <:.':, "., mpo , r at ~ta ~11 «EYYEypaJ1~EVa» o1ti rtu. 'E1tl1tAEOV lCaeWr

UUUl.,OUV to uJ1apto ' ,'1." .,

lCp1.J1t ' 1tEptO'oon:po'we; ElCtao11 Yile; of: ~ta OUYlCE-

~\Qf90~:~~;1l' ,OE!XVO~V O~t Tj Evvota tOU nucotoo dXE lCa1troe;

"o«t tTlV E1t0X11 rou LOUAE'" IT' " , ,

oOUJ1& on Otov'io ' " iucv, pensi ouo»; vc cnueuo-

to VOJ1O u1tapXouv tnpa' 0''' , " -

veP10U» «Uta vaO' 't" Ete; 01troe; «oro optc tOU

, .,.. oOptOJ1Eva opta to- - 238 ,-, -

tUxO\) «(J't..(. x _ u Xroptou» eve epccsu; tOU

u vpta tOu nucpto 0' , , ''t''.,

\I6t1oc; ai.ltoe; btuC\)proVE ' u» ~v ~1tapXOUV 1tOUeEva. 'E1tto11e; 6

~ tiDv Opt(i)V tou X(i)pt :'11; naAta SEO'T}: «oi payuloEe; nov souv EV-

...... : ...A lO\) \)nOXPErovo ' r

- 'f'Vpo~ ut lCEivov [ , , vtrn vu lCata~aAAOuv DElCatT}

..__ tOY uJ1apt(i)tn] -.l'

"'r r~rpaW1tvOtlCai I'TTO'v.l _ .• , crou onoiou ta jh~Aia slvm

la\ z. .t. v. onoin npf: '

'IV uPYOtspa lw"v 1tEt vo lCata~AT}Souv [Ot oopot]

w... d «r ... atautaSouv ' 't" • ._., ~paqltac; 6q>tiAet vri 0 V,to. V~tlCOlC\)pt(i O'tO xroptO, 6 rom-

T}~Et(i)OEt Ott ta voixoxopm auta elver

TO TlMAPIO

5

btt1tpo0geta. "Av ta napaX{J)p1\oEt 0' <lA.A.O n~aPtO, 0 o1taXTt~ 'to\) 'tll.1aptou autOU d01tpa't'tEt t1\ OEKatT} Kat 'to\)~ <popO\)e; to\)~. Elvui nep\.'ttO va btavaA.T}<p9si: 'to ~f:ye90~ tOU X(i)PlOU elvoi KaeOptO~i:vo. To lCa'ta<JttXo slvci 1t0\) Opi~Et to ~f:YE90~ to\»)239.

Ilupd ttC; <pavEpf:e; avtt.<paO'etC; no\) otaKpivou~E a' alna 'ta Ota'tay~a'ta, ota1t\.o'trovou~E Ott to ruidpto 'ta\)ti~E'tat OAO lCat 1tEptOOOtEpo ~f: ~ta <JUYKEKPt~f:VT} EKtaO'T} Yil~· Ol xupundvoi Ota'ta~Et~ not} f:1ti<JT}C; XPOVOA.oyoUVtat <Jt1\v f:1tOx1\ 'tOU LOUA.e'i~av Kat dxav <i>~ o'toxo vd a1totpf:'V0uv tOY Ka'taKEp~attO~o trov ruiupiorv, ~<iA.A.OV f:VtOXuouv t1\ ota1tiotroO'T} aut1\. • H lCata't~T}oT} Tjtav Suvuro vd a1to<pEUxSei uovov (iv ota~atOUOE T\ ucuevotcv OtO £A.aXto'to, t1 OTl~lOupyia vstov 'tt~apirov a1to ~1\ «f:YYEypa~~f:va» exine. KaSro~ O~(i)~ to UA.tKO trov Kata<J'ttxrooerov slvui anoo1tao~a'ttlCo xui A.tyootO ano tiC; apxf:e; tOU 160u airova, Of:V Ei~aotE ot stoll va 1tpOO'OlOPtOOU~E ~f: aKpt~Eta noco f:<pap~oO'tT}KaV ol Ota'ta~Et~ au'tt~.

'Ava<pepe1\lCa~E 1tapanav{J) oti~ neptOpto~f:vec; ap~oo\.o'tT}'te<; tOU tt~aptODXOU cr' o,tt a<popu rriv O{KOVO~tlC1\ otaxEiptoll " SiolKT}OT} tOU rumpfou 'tOU. ITPf:1tEt va <JUJ11tA.T}proOOU~E on 6 tt~aptOUxoe; Of:V dXE O\)tE «nowtxn» OtlCalOoOO'ta ytati aut1\ avillCt orov t01t\.KO lCao~, ot1\ OtattT}<Jia tOU onoiou Uno~aA.Aov'tav Kai ol aV'tt~ OtKiEe; 1tOU 1tP0f:KU1ttaV ~Eta~V tOU o1taxil Kai trov paY,tao(i)v~40. Mt~ a1tO 'tie; ouOtaottKotepE~ f:~OUO'iEe; tOU onaxil, Tj'tav 't? otlCa\'(i)~a v~ f:KOtOEt ti'tA.OUe; (tapu )241. Mt tOV 'tP01tO au'to EA.Ey!E ne; ~A.A.ayt5 no~ f:1tf:Pxovtav o'to lCageotroe; Katoxil~ trov &'ypO'ttK(i); yat~V, ~'tTlV, KtVT}O'T} trov U1tOtEA.roV VOtKOKUptroV otO 'tt~aplO lCa8(i)~ Kat,otT} XPllO~ tile; Yile;, f:~ao<paA.i~oV'tae; rriv KaA.AttpYEta 00'0 to ouva'tOV ntp:ooo~ reprov f:K'taO'Erov. 'AlCO~T} o~roe; Kai f:oro u1tilpxav m~ptOptU,~ot 1t~U Of:V (i<pT}vav ~EyaA.a 1tEpt9ropta 1tp(i)tO~ouA.tae; oro onax1\· I\.oyou xa- PT) d'X,E to otKairo~a vd f:KoiOEt ti'tAOU~ yta t1\v KaA.A1.f:pytta K?tVOn- KroV yatrov xui vri S1tElCteivEt au8aipE'ta 't~v EKtaO'TI 'trov apo<J1~(i)V yatrov nOD ~piolCOVtaV ota ouvope tOU X{J)ptO{)242. '0 vo~o<; o~~<; tOU a1tayopEUE va napaxropEi tl'tAO\)e; ano 'tTtv 1tp0<Jwn\.KTI rou Y'l,

239. o.fr., o. 272. 3 654

240. G. Galabov, H. W. Duda, O,fr., fnp. 937.128,60 • '

241. J. Deny, o.fr., cr. 837-838.

242. 6. L. Barkan, Kanunlar, cr. 3.

AfpOTIKH rXELEIl: l:THN OenMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA t\ KpooPl~otaV yui ~re01CA~tcrtl1(a <>t1C~ roo ~pr](JTJ. _. 0 ~reOtcA~~ ~, A.OUtOV, uxopouos va 1CUAAtSPYll(JSt xsp(Ja Yll1Cat vd f:1tcVi1 hen ttiv £1Cta(JTJ reOl> 'too reapaxropr]STJ1CS J,1e rov 'tl-tA0243. E.v~ 6 XOOpt1CO~ sreatt_;s (J'tr]v repaYJ,1an1Co'tTJ'ta (JTJJ,1UVtt1C()-rcpo p610 cmlV 1CaAA1f:pyc1a verov E1C'ta(Jsrov. • 0 (Jreuxr]e; OJ,1roe; yui va k&8aEl thAO yuz au'ttl ttlV 1Ca'tTJyopiu Yile; srepsTCf: vd reSptJ,1EVst 't~v

UI aKO ttlV 1CEVtP11Ctl <>tOi1CTJ(JTJ244. Luvsrero~ 0 'thAO~ <>ev E~aptt6- taV am ttlV repooto~ouAia tOO ttJ,1apu.o'tTJ· areAroe; 0 nJ,1ap1(.o'tTJ~ acr1COUex 6p1o~vEe; opaotTJptOtTJtEe; Y1a 'ti~ oreoiEe; ";'tuv E~OU(JtoOOtTJJ,1EVO~ DO ttlV 1CEVtPl1Ctl olOi1CTJOTJ.

·OA.a ta 1tapa1tavoo J,1a~ oivouv J,1ta OA01CATJproJ,1tVTJ elxovo Y1(i tic; ~oooi£C; 1tOU ~ vouoseotu ElXE avayvropi(Jst orov 6SroJ,1uvo oreax~. Atv 6XUPXE1 1Ca~1ci a1tOAUtOOe; a~<pt~oAia on ol 'ttJ,1aptrotEe;, oprovtae; f6c; £1C1tpOOOO1tOl tlie; <pEouOaAt1Cil~ tci~TJ~, Otsupuvav 'tie; E~oucrice; t~, elv OXt of: ~apoe; toO 1Cpcitou~ -'to onoto npocrdrsue aypureva tci o\)~1CptpOVta tou- tOUAciXtcrtov ot ~apoe; 'trov ureo'tEArov Xropt1CroV.

Ol 1tapa~ta(Jf:tc; aUtEe; trov otatci~crov Mv 1tsptopit_;ov'tav J,10VO O'tOtX; o1taXlio&e;. "Hruv to xapa1CtTJPto'tt1CO yvropi(JJ,1a OA01CATJpOU tou 69m~avl1Cou <j>&OuOaA.t1Coo oucrttlJ.1atOe; -'tile; tsp<i(Jna~ ypa<pst~patiac;, tou crtpatou, 'trov 1crxuprov 6pyavrov tile; <psouoaA.t1Cile; 1Cai 511CQOtl1Clic; t~oucriae;. !lEv slvm areapahTJ'to vd ava<pepouJ.1s ouvstau t~ 6m:p~acr&te; t~oucriae;. Ilpoxsirm ytci t_;r]'tTJJ.1a 'to onoto areA.roc; J1_lVEl crt 1taptv8&crTJ Kata 'tr] ~EA.EtTJ tfje; 68roJ.1aVtKfje; 'ttJ.1aptoonKfjc; 1Cowcoviac;. IIav'tooc; EK&ivo reOD xapaK'tTJPil;&t J.1t<i OE00J.1EVll 1COtVro:u tlval 'to icrxoov crDcrtTJ~a, ot Kupiapxse; crXEcrEte; xnl oxt oi "":tU\ptcrEt<;.

TOTIMAPIO

fPOTIKH rXHEIl: l:THN OE>!lMANIKH A YTOKPA

.__------... . TOPIA

.;;;; ~

opncbniki OUIV riYE~OVta t~~ ~ooxa~; Kat ~v IlHi 'thota Dn6ge_

{val ciOt~PlKtT), "COtE ytan npsnet va 9EUlPT)croUIlE OEOOIlEvo 0

011 • 'J..' 1.)::, ~ , tt

0t1\ o9(J)llaVlK~ au'tOKpa'topta u xur t;._,°Xllv <pEouuaPXllC; ~tav 6

omx~~; 'H 1l0vT) ~n:a~tll~ll n:ou Iln:OPE~ vd 009d ~iV~t o't: 0 oe(U~Q_

tV" msouoaAtOlloC; OEV £tX£ J.u~A£t1l9£t OtE~OOt1ca, ueon an:o OAOU

V\ ..,., T , , , , , '\' ~ , T ~, .,\ ~ ~

tOU roo; O&crllou~ Kat y~ au,'ro to ",~yo u~v EtV~t uta<pav~ 'I UOIl~ t~~

fP£OuOOAlKf\C; ta~T)~, Kat E~£t YOU 't~u ~'tpUllla't<?C; :1lC; nou .?U~KPOtOi)_ (J£ to KpatOe;. 'H E1tlKpatllcrll tllC; an:o'l'll<; no» eEUlp£t to crnaX~ !\'OaPK(J)OT) tOU 60c.ollavou <pEOuoaPXll 6<peiAUat. oro on Ot(i<poPE~ Jl£litEC;, nov ~aoicrtT)Kav cre vOIlOUC; Kat aPXEtU1CO DAUCO, acrxoA~- 9t)teav anOKAEtO'tlKa Jle to ttpnpuotuco crucrtllJla Kat ti<; crxecr£te; tou mmxf\ JlE to payta.

Btpata "CO nproto tn:txeiPlllla n:ou Jln:OPEI va aV'tlta~Et KavEi~ 0' UUt~ t~ OeoT) slvm on crt1) vouoesotu Dn:apxouv Otata~Et<; ItOD &onlOtT)KaV Yla t~ Otat1)Pllcrll tfi<; EKJlEtaAAEUcrlle; n:ou elXE napaX(i)PT)OEi O'tO crnax1). "Av to xpriroc, to opyavo tOU Kupiapxou mpmIlUtOe;, ~ptcrKo"Cav ota xepta crn:aX1)OUlV, tors ytati aU'tOt Sa Kpo<Jna90uoav vd Oecrouv n:EPLOptcrJlOU<; orou; eautOue; roue, OllAao~ yurti ea nEp\Opi1~ov'tav ol E~oucr{Ee; 'trov crn:aX1)OUlV; 'Eoro slvci <pUVEpO Ott ri KeVtplK~ t~oucriu OpOUcrE yta AoyaptacrJlO UAAUlV OuVaJlEc.ov tmv onol(J)v ta oUIl<PepOVtU tv JlepEt JlOVO ouvsmnruv Jle ta crUJl<ptPOV'tu tIDv onaxll0c.ov xni uovo oro JlEtPO n:ou 0 nuupiornxo; ctput~ ta npoacrm~E ano t~c.o'teplKOUe; KUt Ecrc.o!f:ptKOue; Ex9poue;. TO. au"poV'ta Ollc.oC; tf\e; apxoucrae; ta~lle; Kai trov crn:aX1)oUlV ~tUV otUIl£tptKa avti9EtU ano Ilta UAAll oxomri, OllAa(1) tfi<; xntuvouf]; trov 1tpoioV't(J)v oro cr6otT)lla tf\e; EKJle'taAAEUcrll<; .• An:D aut1)v t1)V un:O\VT) t6 Kp(ltOe;, ooe; opyavo trov aV<l>tepc.ov crtpc.oJlavUlv tfie; <pEouoaAtKf\e; t~T)e;, EVUV'tl(uvo'tav OE Kaee eUKatpiu n:06 EOtve crou; crn:aX1)OEe; "C~ ~uvat~tT)tU va oteup6vouv tie; E~oucriee; toix; crt1) yaLOKtllcria, Ku9we; Kli& 't£'tOta EItEK'taOll eo. aItE~UtVE crt ~apo<; rou, cre ~apoe; trov JleyaAmV CP£O\}baP~IDv. 'H yvrocrll tf\e; KOtVc.oVtKf\e; cr6vgecrll<; tOU crprhun-

t~ 'tibv 01tuvnorov . - "'1 '\ , 9 '

q{ 1\.'( _ KUt ttov UlI.lI.c.ov <pCOUOUPXlKroV crtpc.oJlatUlV (xu c.o<;

vott: 6.v6.) .. ~Oll 'trov Otu<P~PID'-: crt O,tt ci<popa to. npovoutri roue crtJl ~c; Ylle;) 9~ 6.vuoKEuu~e optcrIlEW:<; IlEPOAl1n:'tlKEe; eEUlpiee;, n:ou "'~18.a\~ilv U1tU~~ll <PEO~OUAtKf\C; ta~T)C; crt1)V 69c.oJluVtK1) auto- 150 Kat 160 ai.rova, Kui eo. 'ton:oee'toucre tOue; crn:axf\o£e; "PrrnlGt1Lri toue; Stcrll IlEoa crt1)V KOtVc.oVlK1) OOJl1) tf\<; auto-

orr c. 157 ",t,

" ' s hukuku ... », ", &

246. O. L. Barkan, «~~r 1 mira » Vlkii IX, 49, cr. 3S K, .

247. Too Hhou, «<;ift91 slmtlann ... ,

248. O.1C., XI 59, a. 416. 0 96.

249. P. A. von Tischendo~, o.1C." Vlkii X/59, 0, 240.

r'ft smtflann ... »,

250. O. L. Barkan, «'-il yl

AfPOTIKEI: IXHEI£ LTHN OenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA apc1mvro 1CataO'taO'T) ollro<; OEV 1tpEm:a vd lOXU& 0' OAT) r . 111,,·&4 tik X&PlOOoU ~ou £~St~soUIl~, yta;£ U~ilpxs !1t~Xl1Kata t~~ <mJXtl<; Jl1tOpOUO'S va xao£t TO rtunpio rou, av a1t01CaAU1tto~ ~pxotav a1to rriv ta~'T) trov paytao(Ov, OTt liTav «~EVO~» _ .. ;ys. "Eva otataYJla 1tOU E1Co09T)KS Tl1V btoXl1 too ~ouAslJ,tav nlV &l>1Catpia O't OptO'JlEVOU<; {OTOptKOU<; vd Kavouv AOyO yta ~!Cpatt1CO xapa1Ctl1pa» wi) o9(OllaVt1C0i) <psouOaAtOJloi). Auto f'MlCivt t1COO9T)1CS to 1530 Kat a1tW9UvSTat orov Jl1tS'T)A.tPJl1tS'T) til~ Nt&£A.'l<;. "Opt~& Ott oi tJ1tri1COOt tOO O'OUA rdvou «drs O'rraxilo£~ .. aLE pa'Yla&~. elver OAOt OtKOt JlOU [o'T)AaoTi toi) OQUA tavou] ioiU.ou !Cal bty sivm Suvnrov vd 9s(Opoi)v-ral «~tvOt» t<pooov aVl1~ ICOUY atOY XAl19uO'j.1o til<; uuroxpuropiuq roe. Mt to lOtO <ptpJlavt 0 oouA"tUVOc; uxayopsus Kat arr£tAoi)O& Jlt ttJlropia OOOU<'; XP'T)OlJlorrOl~ oikRlv nlv 1tpoO'{J)YUllia «~tv09) Y1.a ta U1tOrsATi oro o1taxTi 1tpoO'ro1ta mi ~tttaO'O'& va ro~ E7ttO'tpa<poov of yal&<; av Y1.· auto to A6yo tou~ afxav a.mpdh:i252•

nlGavotata ro uerpo auto E.1tt~ATi9r)KE yta va KaAU\jIEt ti<; avay~ too KpcitOU<;, riad rriv lota 1tEpiooo 1tapaT'T)pOOJlE on i:1t&Kta911~

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ol ~£vot,. (ltp6l'T)Y (jK).a~Ot, ytoi lCAT)ptKroV, paYlaoE<; KA1t.) 9a IJawv tti ttllUpta tou<;, 'Y1.att 1) KatayroYl1 tour Kat IIOVO Tour a1tE-

i1t6 ' ~~ ~,.. ~

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~ ~:n 1) K&VtpU<::l1 olOiK'T)O'T) «i;1tEtps1ts»» Kat «((l1tayo-

a tp&ta t~v 1tp6cr~aO't} trov Katom.:p(t)v crproudtrov

~-----

Oi 't\~UptOl)'X01 1tOU <pepov"(U\ ili~ 0.101. t 1 a P

tOW 335 tt~upi{l)v "Cou KU"CU(J'ttXOU tl)~ 'Ap U mu nspi1toU (ho~u KU,,(U"Co.CHJOV'tUl o'ti~ 0. oAouSt:~ u"CTl'Y p ano 50% J.l0\)00UA~o.V01 X{l)pi~ Ko.1tOlO ib\.Ul'tepO iu pmK ol!u. ' A1to uu'tOu~ oi 'YlOi 'tow OJtUX1\OOOV o.1tO'u:Aououv 't6 1 5 nEpinou 'to 4% liouv oUYYEvd~ 01tUXl)bOOV ~) no.\'oo o.Jto 1 kapl kulu (otpu't\{l)tl1ca (1JtooJto.o~UtU JtOt) aJto"(EAououv ttl q> tOU 1tuAunou Kui SE{l)POUVtUV 80\)1..01 tOU OOU/,:to.vou (gulBmlar oUYlsvd~ trov kspi kulu (1tSpt1tOU 1,5%), gulamlar ~u:yaAOO q> ouPxrov (1tspi1toU 3%)' ~eAll trov oOOJ.la"(oov yaya Iml mu eliem At po a1tO 0,05%' ~1tellO£C; KUt o.yo.o£C; 1to.VOO aJtO 3%, XptOtlUVOl1t PUt 6%, E~tOAu~tO~evol 2,5%. "Av 1tUPUKoAouSl)OOW£ to.1tOOOOto. OtUtU1tOOOE 6 H. Inalclk, o'to. e1tOI!EVu xpoVtU, "(0"((; o.JtOKtO\JV l1\a

tI::AEioo~ Otu<pOPEttKTt o.~iu.

Td 1tUPU1to.V{l) nococtd ocixvouv 1tpronotu on oi m:ptOOOtEPOl

t\~UplOuXOt 'tl)C; O\)'YKEKpt~evllC; Jt!::plOXl)~ li'tuv xowd utol!a, Q1tA.ol o'tpu'ttron:c; KUt ~uSJ.lo<popot OtU<pOPOOV OOOl!a'tOOv. To on oi 1ttptOOO tspoi ElXUV J.lOA1C; ~E"(OtKTtOEl 0.1t0 'tl) Mucpri • Aoiu OTll!aivEt 6tl rnSavotu'tu, EKEl.Vll 'tl)v E1t0Xl) o.vl)Kav Otl)v KaOtU trov o1taXl)&o KUt limv (ho~u 'to. 61toiu 8ev dxuv 1tp0ll'Y0wevooc; 0XEOTl ~ to orpuro. Ol ywi 01tUXTtO{l)V o.V'tl1tPOOOO1tEUUV aOl)l!aVtO nooooro t-V 'tlI!UPWUX{l)V, nsotnoo 13,5%. 'AptSl!ll'tlKa T)'tav io086val!0l I!E to' gulamlar'tou oouA'to.VO\) KUt 'trov o.~tOOl!atOUxooV t~C; 'YIjITlA~C; fluAllC;, oi 61toiot KU'to.yOV'tuv C1JtO oKAa~ouC;. '0 H. Inalclk264Kaeroc; Kal O. L. Barkan-" \mo'Ypul!~isouv O'tl ta 1tUlOlo. Jtou tixe o.nuyaYEt Kai E~tcrAU~tOEt 6 6S{l)~UV1KOC; o'tpu'toC; KUtU},o.l!~avav oTll!aVtlKl) 9t01l 'to 150 uioovu rooo o'tl)V o.VUK'tOptKl) <ppoupa 000 Kat OtO ,tOlO :0 nucpiomco ouo'tllJ.lU' '0 O. L. Barkan Ernolll!uivEl Ott ,t~ttV11 t1l~ tJtOXl) oro N'tlUPI!1tEKip \ml)PXuv 1tOAAot tll!aplOuXOl1tOU t(f)tp<lv to 1tap{l)VU~tO Engunilu (OuyypOC;). 'Ovol!atu OJtOOC; Bosnah, Ustrum~b, Sofyah KUt Arnavutlu T)'tuv 1tOA\) oUvllStol!Eva o'tOuC; acem~glan18r tOU 00\)1.. rdvou (to KU'tOO'ttPO O"CPUtlootlKO oro~u trov YEVttOap(J}~).

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264. a,tr., o. 137. .. 9 265, O. L. Barkan, «C;ift~i smtflann ... », Ulkii X 59, o. 41 '

T_IK_l:_~_X_E_l:E_I_r _Ll_'H..::.:N..:....:.0.:.:0Q::M::.:::AN~I~K~H~A~Y~T5!~ KPATOPIA

OOlU \JV Ka7tOlO 8WKPl'tl1CO yvWptOliu AM1tO"1I ' ,

, " r- ,I-' v,...E E1ttanr '

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(i' r - ':) w aoo/\. 'tONt

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'I Kat I-'PE"C

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cp£OuOaA.tKrov otputsuprittov. 'I 11011

t v ~1t {o't~t10YPU~iU SEv _EXEt o.axoATJOd JlE 'tt.~ Stu<poP01tOt~OCt<; a~ll (J)~ ~ IlUAA.OV "C(J)V nlluplro'troV. '0 oooXEnoJlO~ trov 0 '-

v, ltOll 7tPOEKU\jIUV IlE"Cu I " JlU

KUla j.L£ EeO ' ",,"C11v 1tUPU1tUvro KU'tU'tU~l1 'trov rumplrcv

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Y"" I pro o"Ca IlEOU 'tOU ISou " , ,

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..... JC".L '1 tUl11 -1CUPt(J)<; " r • I'

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Tov KU1pO to\) MEUlh B' U1t- ,

l'\&&v ).1t 1t&P10P10).1tvo" l1~X~v m:pmou 10.000 ruidptu one-

lU<nu "ui. tei ~&a).1hlu t _ E't11oLO EtoO()l1).1u· av·tiOE'tU Aiyu ~'tav 'ta

lev E" (J)V j..l1tETJAEpj..l1tSTI() , - ,

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~ . /ltv ll1teipXO\)V 1ti.Pxav ()U~ j..l1tETJAEpJ.l1tET)AtKta Kat 48 ouvllP°<pOPtE<; yui 'to J.lsYE90e; 'trov xaotc.ov

TO TIMAPIO

'trov J.ll£ET)A.EPJ.ll£ET)8rov Kai 'trov oav"CSaKj..l1tETl()(J)V rov 150 cievo T dooST)j..lu tOO oaVtsuKj..l1tET) 'tf\e; NlKOltOATlC;, uovo altO 'ta tlj..lUp 1t00 d~E to oUV:_SU,K1. uu'to, e~'tU~E ,'to. 3_21.1 08 a07tpa26~. 'EltlOTl ~ oav'tSUKJ.l1tET)e; 'tTJe; Ap~av1.nu~, U1tO tj..lT)j..lU j..lOVO 'to\) hssss io» tIXE f:'t~01.O dO~~T)J.la ~OD ,~E1tEP~OOOE 'tu 250.<>?O ao1tpa269• I'tl~ ~pxt~ 'tOU 170u utevu ru xama troy OUV'tSUKj..lltETlOc.oV xuuuivovmv alt6 1.100.000 roe; 200.000 U01tpU270. Ol j..l1tETlAEPj..llttTlOEC; "C~C; POU).1E}·l1C; teat 't~e; 'Ava"COA.lUe; dxuv h~mo do68TJj..lu 1.100.000 xni 1.600.000 uo1tpa o.V'tlOt01.XU271. Of o.pt9J.lOl au'tOi OJ..lc.oC; otv j..l1tOPOUV va ustuIPEp90uv crov 150 uic1>vU xropie; o.VU1tpooupj..loy~. "Av \mOOEOOUI1£ on'tu 10.000 'ttJ.lUptU1tOO U1t~PXUV o't~v E1tOX~ 'tou MEXj..lEt B' E xav j..lEytO'tT) hTjota 1tPOOOOO 5.000 U01tPU, IP9!iVOUj..lE OtO ouvOAtKO ltOOO 'trov 50.000.000 U01tPc.ov. "Av rtapu 8EX900j..lE roc; ~aoTl "Co\) doo()~j..lu~ to; £voe; ouvtsaKloo to mo J.ltKPO do08T)j..la 1tOD exouj..lE OlJVavt~oEt, ()T)Aa8Tj 'ta 320.000 U01tPU, tOtE 'tU xamu 'trov oUvtSO,Kj..lltETl()(J)V ouy~ xsvrptovouv 15.360.000 Uo1tpa. 'E1tOj..lEVc.oC; 'to 0,05% 'trov orpcnomKroV q>Eou8apxrov Kap1tWVovtaV 1tavc.o a1to "Co Eva 1tEj..l7ttO tOU OUVOA.lKOO Eio08TjJ.lu't0e; 1tOD l£POoptSotav Yla 't~ ouvt~PT)oT) trov 'tlj..laptro'ttKroV otpa'tcuJ.lu'tc.ov. 'E~aA.AOU to cto08TlJ.lu 'trov j..lltET)AEpj..l1tETlO(J)V KUt 'trov UAA.rov avro'tEprov a~tc.oj..latooXc.ov 't~e; 'Y\jlT)A~e; fIUATI~, alt6 ta xo'mu, Stv unopei va U1tOAO,¥lO'tEi Myc.o eA.AEl\jlTl~ ltAT)pO<pOptrov .

Td o'tOtXEiu 1£0D 1tupa9SoUj..lE j..lap'tupoOOUV on OtOD~ Koi.1rolJ~ 'tOU 'ttJ.laptc.onKOO Ouo't~J.lU'toe; Ul£fjpxav EvtOVcJ)'tU'tf:~ ()lU<POp01tOl~OEte;, f:lPoaov to J.lsyto"CO EloooT)J.la 'tOU ol£a'X.~ ~'tIlv 64 IPOpt~ mo j..ltKPO a1tO to EA.aXtO'tO doo()T)j..la 'tOO oaVtsaKj..l1tET). Ito It}.aloto 't~~ ()taq>opo1totT)oT)e; au'tfje; slvm E1ttOT)<; XapaK'tT)ptotlKO on, ()tv u1tlip~ XEt EVSlaJ.lEOO J.lsYE90e; 1tOD 'vd YEq>UproVEl to xaoj..la aVUj..lEOU oro nudpio tOO ol£Uxfj Kat 'to xaOl 'tOO OuvtsaKj..l1tET). !a ,s£aj..ltnu ~ta~ 1tOAU Atyu Ka'ta 't~v 1tEpiooo 1tOD f:~E'tasouj..lE, Eva O£ KaeE vaXlYl£., U OAOKATlPO to ouvtsaKt 'tfje; NtK01tOATle;, AOYou XaPT) lJ1tapXOlJV l1oVO 15 ~EaJ.lsna. 'Ano au'ta tpin &OlVav doo()m1U a1tO 30.000 ro~ 4O.00? ao1tpa, Eva 64.593 ao1tpU Kal 'ta UltOAOt1ta yupc.o oni 20.000 ao1tpU to

A\laTOAllc6 T, ,; .

1: All A p"J.lo. Sign: OAK 54 59

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yu iiptQOO\) I1Utu !CUt ttc u ' . - .

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. 11.1)<; u1tOt£AC- ,.

6 t 1tOIl.U tU1tllCO 1tap6.S£\Yl1a

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268. 'AVarOAIK"O TJ1iiJ1a, Sign: OAK 45 29, .

269. H. Inalcik, Hierl, cr. 1-6 (ti m:plypaQ)11 St\' d\'at1tA'1P'1~)' lC t

270. '0 Ayni Ali crul1q!rova ~ 'tov P. A. von Tischendorf, 0.1C .• 0. 59

271. 0.1C.

TOTIMAPIO

:;_--- 97

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_ '{ e _ , ,:.. .. ,..... 'tUI\.

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t c;: , 1.. 'I - , 9' ", I'" T\<;

otv E X& ~tKUt<.o.ttU t.mll.o~T\<; 0"'t0 ~I1U uU'to: E~uA.A.ol) ot OtUq>°PE<;

KU'tT\'YO~tE<; 'Yu\.{))v, il ~KXc.oPT\O"T\ KUt il, j.1E'tU~t~UO"T\ 't&V paYls K'tT\j.1Urtov ~p\.o"KOV'tUV crnv a1tOKAEtO"'ttKT\ Ol.KU\.OOOO"lU 'tij<; KEV'tpUCi'\<; 6~ouO"iu<; ... Ape {) O"nuXTl<; OEV I11tOpouo"E vu tnEI1~Et 0"' U\)'tou<; 1:06<; 1011&i<;. ilpa'Yl1un, av (J'tT\ptX'tOUI1E O"'to apXEtaKO UI.\KO nOD otu9t- 10u1lE, OEV I11tOpoul1€ 1tupa vu (Jul11tA.eDO"oUI1E I1E 'tijv ano'lfT\ 'toi) A. D. Novichev, on OT\}.,UOTl O"tTlV xeptooo U\)'t110EV unijP'X,uv j.1quAu ttj.1Up\.u O"tTlV 6ec.olluVtKij U\)'toKpu'topiu O\hE 'YtVOtUV OtaKptOT\ avuj.1EOU O"'tl<; 'Yuie<; 'tou nI1Up\.CJ>1T\ xci 'trov Xc.oP\.K&V 1tOD avijKuv 0'(0 tl.I1UPlO, KUl ott Kaee Ku'tT\'Yopiu q>w\)oUA.tlCf\<; 'Yf\<; 111UV O\)VOI)UOj.1o<; j.1&yUA.OI) apl9110\i Xc.oP\'(J'trov a'YPotEIlUXic.ov 1tOU 'tu KUA.A.tEP'Y0uouv uno'tEA.Ei<;

Xc.oP\.K0{274. .

Eivm q>UVEPO on Katc.o a1to U\nE<; 1:i<; O"uv9ijKe<;, {) o1tUxij<; OEV

eiXE 'ttl ouvu't01:T\'tu va avu1t'tu~et O\'Kt<; 'tOU 1tpo)"(o~o\»).iEC; OU'tE 0' o,'tt aq>opn 'tTlv 6p'Yavc.o(JT\ 'trov KuA.AteP'YEtrov oro Hllapto rou, OtOtt OEV U1tf\PXuv oi aV'ttKetI1EVtKEC; 1tPOU1t09tOE\.<; "(ta Kan tE'tOl.O. Oi ouvef\KEC; tOU 69c.oI1UVlKo\i q>EOUOuAt0I10\) rov 150 Kui 160 ui<iwuotv bts.pe1tuv orov 'twuptOl'tT\ va OtUtT\pijO"El. tiC; yuie<; tou "(tU nOA' KUl.PO. Ol (J\)Vexeic;, oXeoov, 1tOA.EI1\.KtC; f:1ttXEtpTloe\.<; 11 E1tlOpOj.1E<;, il 1tEptq>POOPT\OT\ (J'tPUtT\ytKrov (Jl\p.€ic.ov Kui otaq>opec; uA.A.e<; f:1ttnpooeetEC; U1tOXPEroO"W; otv to\) aq>T\vuV 1tEpt9wpta va uO"XoA.T\9ci j.1t 'tic; YUle<; roii ttl1aptOU roo. 'E1tt1tA.EOV il K\.VT\ttKOtT\'tU nOD T)'tU\! ~O"lK6 XUPUK'tT\pt(J'ttKO tOU 'ttllaptc.o'ttKO\) o"U(JtTlIlUto<; KUl ol ouxvt<; usru~t~ao&tC; Kat Ka'tuwijO"E\.<; 'trov 'ttlluPlc.ov otv OT\l1tOUPyou(Juv tic; anupuhT\'t&C; npounoet(J&t<; O)o't& 6 01tUxij<; vd 6p'YUVW(JEt 'ti:; yUlE; "(ui 'tl<; 6noi&<; l1tav u1t&o9uvo<;. "OA.Ot ui)'tot ol nupuyov't&<; 'to\l avaYK~~uv va 1tEptopt~&'tm (J'to POAO 'to\) d(J1tpaKtOPU t&\I q>Eot~UAtKUlV npooooc.ov KaeW<; Kat t&V <pOpc.oy tnt tf\<; YEc.oP'YtKf\:; Kui KtT\VOtpoq>t-

274. A. D. Novichev, «K voprosu 0 feodal'nikh otnosheOl~akh i polozhenii krest'Y~: v Turtsii vo vtoroi polovinye XV veka», (Oi qlcouOaA.tKE<; oxton.; Ka\ Tt KIl'tao:ao;} to) XO)p\KlilV o't1)v ToupKia KatO. 'to Otl1't&PO j.I\OO 'tot) 150tl UtO)\,(1). FchonJ.Ytz8P1Skl cmngradslwgo gosudarstvennogo uni~ersitet8. nO 294 seri\a "oswkowJ~hesklh nauk, Vyp.

12, o. 135.

99 SE 'to ono:x.T) O'tO n~o.p\.o 'tOU Kat 'to\) btE'tpEm: va. ~d <m\v 1t0}. 'H nOAll o~,Uj)<; ao'tT) OEV ii'tav ouva'tov vo. ~ptOKE'ta\. bc'to, 'tOW opi T\. ~

r " .to _ r , "O)V 'to\)

oav'tsaKtOU, oxou uVllKE 'to 't\.~aptO.

"A~EOll 0XEoll ~E 'to 8E~a 't1\<; EK~E'ta.}'AEuoT\<; 'to\) tumpiou EXEl

11 KaAAtEP'YEta. 'to\) npooro1tlKO\) K'tT)~a'to<; 'tou 't\.~ap\.O()xou 1tOU xpoop\.~o'tav 'Y\.o. :T)~ Ko.A~'I'll 'trov avaYKrov 't1\<; Ota'tpoq>1\<; too, 'to }.qo~EVO h,assa 9if!bk. T,o "npO?ro1tlK? K't~~a 'to\) oeO)~avou 'tt~apl(i)'tT\ ~p\.OKo'tav oro xroptO 11 ere xrop"a nou OUVlo'tO\)Oav 'to n~o.plO lOU. 'Eno~Evro<;, 'to hassa ii'tav 't~1\~a roii rumpiou, 1tapaxO)po\)v'tav Kat aq>alpouv'tav ~a~t ~E 'to 't\.~o.ptO. l.'tT)v ouota OEV ii'tav Yil li}.AT\<; Ka'tT\yopta<; Kai 00<; 1tpo<; rov 't\)1t0 yatOK'tllota<; OEV O\.€q>EPE OE rinote a1tO 'tt<; U1tOAo\.nE<; Oll~oo\'E<; yaiE<;. 'H ano'l'll OPl.O~EVo)V io'tOpuc(i)v O't\. 'to npooro1!lKO K't1\~a 'tou 't\.~aptO()Xou 90. btPE1tE va ou~m:pl}.T\<p9d o'tT)V Ka'tllyopta 'trov «EAEDeEProV» K'tT\~o.'trov (~.lO()A.K\.a, ~aKouq>\.a, yaiE<; pa}..uClaV& K.'t.A.)281 slvct 'tEAdro<; ao'tT)plK'tT\. MHi't£1:O\.a ano'l'll 80. tOXUE ~ovov av 6 't\.~apHi:I'tll<; dXE 'to O\'Katro~a va. Kpa'tT\OEl 'to hassa 'tOU Kat ~E'to. 'tT) ~E'ta~{~aoT\ 'to\) 't\.~aptOU 'tOU ot Ka1tO\.ov aAAo. TO. O'tolXEia, o~ro<;, nou Sivoov i} VO~08EOta Kat 'ta o\.aq>opa E'Y'Ypa<pa napouO\.o.~ouv 'to hesse 00<; ~EPO<; 'to\) n~apto\.l, to 61toio ~E'ta~l.~a~o'ta.v ano onaXT) OE onaXT) ~a~t ~E to unoAo\.1tO n~aplo.

l.'tT)V io'toptOypaq>ta EXOUV Ola'tu1tro8Ei O\.o.q>OpE<; a1to\jfE\.<; Yla to pol.o Kat 'tT)V E~EA\.~l1 'to\) npooroltl.KO\) K'tT\~a'tO<; 'tou o1taxil Ka9ro<; Kat 'Yla 'to\><; 'tponou<; EK~E'taAAEUOT)<; roo. '0 B. Djurdjev282lCai fI A. S. Tveritinova'" npEo~E\>O\.lV on 6 9EO~0<; O:va1t't\yx.8T\Kt Kat EOP(llro- 9T\KE 0'tT) O\.o.pKE\.a 't1\<; nEpl.OOOU no\> E~E'to.~O\.l~E, Ev(i) 6 O. L. Barkan 9Eropd on 6 9EO~0<; ~p\.oK6'taV i\0T\ OE 1tapalC~T\284. 'H o\aAEulCavoT\ ao'tOu 'to\) ~ll'tT)J..la'to<; dval. o:vaYKata OlO't\ i} o'taoT\ 'too n~ap\.ro'tT\ 00<; npo<; 'to hassa roo slvct EVOElK'tl.ICT) Ylo. 'tT\v EK~E'taA.AEuoT\ 'tOU

TO TIMAPIO

281. A. S. Tveritinova, «K voprosu 0 domenial'nom zemevladenii feodalDov-len~ik.o~ v Osmanskoi imperii XV-XVI V.», (Ol «hassa» yai&~ <rn\v 69<ul!aVl~ autOlCp<ltOPlll tOU 150u-160u aicOva), Kratkiye soobshcheniye Instituta vostokove<!emya XXXVIII (1960),

0.28. .' 'H

282. Br. Djurdjev «0 utilSaju osmanske vladavine na razvltak na§lh ~ar~ka~. ( .

~ , ..' e., _, - ar) GodishmB ISton-

t.!tlopaOll ti'\e; 69CJ>l!aVllCi'\e; lCUptapllae; CJtT\V ltPOOUV tOU xcoo 11 ., ,

skog drustva Bosne j Hertsegovine II (1950), CJ. 29, 36.

283. A. S. Tveritinova, 6.tr., CJ. 28-29.

284. O. L. Barkan, ,«Cift», Islam Ansiklopedisi III, 0. 394.

275. M Ber

l16. p' In, 6.1f., 234 J

2n . A.. von TlSChend . Deny, 6.11'., c. 835 A .

2'11 & Jr, _'" ~te9t orf, 6.1C., c. 95. " StoJanovski, 0.11'., o, 120.

It hak:tk . <nt tou Ku~i be

tit ~ Hierr, cr. 28 td y. BA.. btioll~ V D S .

o 27 6.1f., cr. 25. fi· L . . mirnov, 6.tr., o. 90.

1. . . Barkan K

, anunlar, 275, 294, 236.

TOTIMAPIO

a' eva lCatOm:t'Xo un' a\)'t(l no\) OtagetO\}~E, {mupxouv nEp\'II '

, ,L " ,pucp

bassa no\} nEpt1tO\} uvtanolCptvOVtav a'tt~ auv9i\Kcr no\) Optr 1. 6

" , ~ ~e u v -

!!O~. npOlCEtt(l\ 'Ita to Ka'taa'ttXo 'tIDV vaXtyteooov 'ti\~ Bpctou '

d. er '~h L ' ~ Kat

'tOU Ezu Jan, orcou w~ assa nvueepovtm xoopuq>ta Kat u~ne)"la tu

onoia unotEAOUV 5v'tOO~ o'tOtXda 'tou hassa. {:iftlik294• L'tU un6),,~tnu lCa'tuO'ttXa, 6 xapalCt1\pa~ 'tIDV hesse yatIDV Ol.u<pEPCt noM. To lCa'to.o'ttXo 'tf\~ , Ap~aVl.'ttcl~ napoumUCEt UPlCE'tO tvota<pepov ano 't11v C1nO"'ll au't11, lCupioo~ )"0'100 'tOU ~EYE90u~ rou.

"Onc.o~ EXou!!e -nOll uvaq>Epet, 'to 1431 o't11v neptoX11 nOD Katayp<i<pEt 'to Ka'tua'ttXO au'to, unf\pxav 335 'tt~Upta. Ha.ssa. yatE~, ono\Ouo11- notE et80u~, unf\pxa.v !!OVO OE 124 -tl.!!upta no\) uv'ttnpOOO)1tEUO\)V Aiyo nEptOOo'tepo uno 'to EVa. tptro 'tIDV unapxovtoov rumpitov. Ol upt9!!oi tOU~ xur ' d80~ sivm ol t~i\~: 134 U!!nE)"ta., 16,5 VCPO!!u)"Ot, 1.858 EAa.t08EVtpa., 168 lCa.pu8tE~, 137!!OUptE~, 95 o.xAaOtE~, 15 xspnote~, OlCt<O O\)lCtE~ lCat c'iAAa. 195 onc.opo<popa oEVtpa, rpin UPOE\)'t\.lCO:

KavuAta, Mo iX9uotpoq>Eta, tpde; OlCuAee;, Eva 1top9lleio Kat evae; opuCrova.~. Ol i&tOlCtllatE~ ollooe; a.UtE~ 8EV dXav lCata.vEIll1get loa, i'\ta.v OUYlCEVtpc.oll€VEe; OE Atya. 1l0VO ttllupta. <1latVEtat ott ot11V nsptOXtl a.ut11 'to hassa EnpEnE vd m:ptAa.Il~UVEt Kat ullnE)"l. ' Ano 'to: 124 'ttIlUpta. no\) ~P€91llCa.V Il€ hesse !!OVO 'tu 13 OEV dXav U!!nE)"t.

294. ' Ava'tOt..uco Tl1fil1a, Sign: OAK 197/l0. :EtO KataO'tl"t.0 aino ltap<lltE~ltro 010 ap8po uou «Kum vuprosa za ehiflitsite v osmankata imperiya prez XIV-XVII VII, 0.1f., o. 47 OltO\) oTHlOcru;\)ro eva ciltocrltacr~a roo 0& l10pq>riltlvaKa, orov oltoio Kat!lypacpoV't!l1 ta xoopaq>ta 1Cal ta cil1lt&t..ta ltO\) T'}tav hassa. Td crtotXeia !lota ltUpOUOl<l~oV't!lt Yla va 011t..oo8&i it E1;aipEcrll, ott ol1t..aori, crtriv nspiobo yta trlV oltoia ~lIAOU~E. t~UKOAOueo\iv vd tJ1tapxo\)v hassa crt l1Ept1Ca ttl1upta. Bt... B. Tsvetkova, «L'evolution du regime feodal ture a la fin du XVIe jusqu'au milieu du XVIII S.», Etudes historiques a l'occasion du XJe Congres International des Sciences Historiques a Stockholm (aout 1960), L6cpla 1960, cr. 175. 'R B. Tsvetkova otaq>oovrovtae; l1& triv alto'Vll ott, otrlV 6ero~aVtKri aotoKpatOpia aoti'je; tfie; ltEptOOOU, ta bssse trov l1t1CproV ttl!apioov ltapaKl!a~Ouv, !tupa1tEI!!tEt crtO low 1CUtacrttXo XP1l0tl!oltotrovtae; to roe; 1!0vaol!Crl tTJe; altooEt~11' aq)llvEI ol!ro<; rov civayvrocrtll !-IE triv Evt\)lt(J)crll ott btttll0Ee; cin&Kpu'Va trlV ItAllPocpopia !tOu oiVEI t6 Kataonxo. 'Evtourou; to uovo tl!-lUptUKO Katacrnxo altO -co oltoio 1tii~ alCpl.Ptc; altooltacrl!u T'}tav to nupaltavro, aKptproe; ytati aoto -co Kutacrnxo altot£~OUO£ ~~alpE~ 011 crt 0XEOll I!E ta ana OltOU ta hesse q>UiVEtUI va ixpi01uV'tul a)..A.UYEe;. np£!t£1 va

, ,M r. _. OI..OI!troV

01ll!Etoo8d Ott it Tsvetkova OEV ciVEq>EpE tinOtE OXEttKa I!E tTJV u!tUP..,11 trov un ,

, A' " aon"U sa av£-

ttl!aptaKrov Katacrtlxoov no\) tfie; T'}tUV t1;at..Aou ItpOolta. uta rc Ka-c ,..

rpsnnv triv 8Eoopia tlle;·

285. Fr. Kraelitz. 0.1r. 0 23 216 H Had" '"

287 N' Fil JI~~C, O.1r., o, 301-302.

• • IPOVlC «T It

1eiIlIartt), Glasnik' sars a zapovjed Besharetu» ("E

281 () L Ba Zemaljskog Muzeja u Serei ' vu croUA.taVt1CO <jllPl1aVt Yla to

_. T' . rltan,61r 0 394 rsjevu, IV-V, o. 284

1A7. oii tolO\) ..,. . .

290 8r D' .' KanunJar, o. 90 K t

IS ]UrdJeV,4(Tsmo ki "

~), Pri/ozi za . gors defter iz 1521-3» , ,

~ n (1951) onenta/nu filoJogiju i istorij g .. ' (T°llCUtacrnxo tOU Montenegro,

2ft O. L Barka' 0. 49 d. u jugos ovenskih naroda pod turkotn

lrl H Had ~: KanuD/ar, 0. 9 30

19l Fr Kr!~c, 6.1r., 0. 318 0 L'~'

uz, 6.1r., c. 28. ' . . arkan, Kanunlar, 9, 30, 283.

TO TlMAPIO

at l'ipuca U':iipxav J.l0~0 2 - 6 ~J.l1rEA,ta. "Eva _a.A.AO crtOtxeio

__ K06 Q1tavtatat cruxvotata oro Katacrnxo t11<;; Ap~avt'tt ~

01 utt~. Bp~KaJ.lB 46 EAatOOBVtpa crta 124 ttJ.lapla 1rOU dX:~ .. Alla crtotXBia tOU hesse, mo cndvic, sivm J.lta-ouo aXAaOtE

~ avaJ.lBaa ord aJ.l1tEAta. ~

N xacna 71:00 m:ptAaJ.l~aVOvtat oro V'fcrprcpl tfj<;; 'Ap~avtttU~ ~ va u1tapxouv J.lEyaAa hesse. "Erot 6 craVtsaKJ.l1rE11<;; dXE E~t ... JAt liJ.1xEAta, tpEi<;; J.lUAOU<;;, tpEi<;; crKaAE<;;, 877 EAatOoEVtpa _ iIav 6Ao to aavtsalCt dXE aUVOAtKa 1.858- Eva aPO€UtllCO lCaVaAt pia rtqR)pa lCai Eva iX9UOtpoq>eio295• To Xacrl tOU croUJ.l1racr11 toci Iaain (~tav SeaJ.lEn crt~V 1rpaYJ.lattlCot11ta ytati to dcroo11I.Hl ron ~ ta 46.908 lia7l:pa) dXE 00<;; hesse E~l aJ.l1rEAta, tpEi<;; VEPOJ.lU~ Iva opu~ci>va -to J.l0vaOtlCO J.lEcra oro craVtSalCt- Eva apownI'D laMiAl lCai lCaJ.lta OelCapta 01roopoq>opa OEVtpa296. To Xacrt tou -..O'TI tOU BEAlypaoiou dXE 1tEVtE aJ.l1rEAla, rsocsp«; KapUOte~, 1pI1t:vta ~\ EAatOOEVtpa, tpEi~ aXAaOtE<;;, Eva aPO€UttlCO KaVaAt297

t.l..

ItO tqUlptalCo lCataanxo trov vtoyavts~ooov ~ptcrKOUJ.lE E1ricr11<;; .ua m~i'YJ.la:a lCataXOOF11J.lEvoov hesse yatrov. 'Eoro OJ.loo<;; a1tO'Iddivtav,J1OVO a1to o7l:oopoq>opa OEVtpa, lCaAaJ.ltrovE<;; Kat At~aOta298. t\.vafpt~vtat aJ.l7l:EA.ta avaJ.leaa crd cruv119tcrJ.lEva oucrtmxd ~ roo has:a tOU nJ.l~PlOuXOU: OUtE lmfjpxav oro Katacrnxo. iU.o lCataanxo 7I:OU lCataypaq>et tlllapta vtoyavtr"ooov crta

ton 1500" a' r ~'I

, aUtlva, vaq>epovtat uovo At~aOta lCai omopoq>opa

-_ ... Ito lCatcia~lXo tou Tupvo~ou crri J.lEcra tou I50u alwva,

J.L6vo tpiu hassa -Eva J.l£ 0'" " ,

m{ tva AtlWh ta 6 ~ 0 Ka~u tE<;;, eva J.lE oneipooopc

."hI b6' ~ - _ 1rota, 1too<;; otEuKpwisttat, elvm dvs-

~ 'Yau:~ nov payulooov300• Ita l>1toAoma tlJ.laptaKa

KUtaatl'lU 1tOU s~etcicraJ.lE OEV 1rEP1.AaIlPaVOVtU1. hassa Ota t\jl6.pw troY a1ta'l~ooov301.

1:E uytigeall J.lE ta ttJ.laplU trov cmu'lllorov, ta 'lamu dxuv IlEYclAa hassa J.lE 1t01.KlAll cruvgecrll· Kat soro f\ lCataOtUOll1)tuv 1toM Ola4pOPEttlC1\ a1tO a6t1\v 1tO~ 1tPOE~Ae~E ~ vOllo9Ea~u ... To h~sa tOU xaoi.o\) 1tOU KatdXE 6 cravtsaKJ.l1tEll<; t11<; Ap~avtttu<; EXEt llOll1ttp1.ypo.cpd. To KataattXo tOU Muupojioovtou tOU 1521 IlU<; c11tolCuMxtEt o'tt to Xam tOU craytsalCJ.l1te11 Iskender bey Cimojevic 1tEpttiXE 59 bassa . Ilto aUYKeKptJ.l£ya: rsccepu xoopaq>1.a, 15 UIl1tEA1.a, onc1l At~Ola, Evvta VEp0J.lUAOU<;, ouo m:pt~OAta, Eva lCfj1tO (oAa aUta 1tpO~ll1tOVtUl U1tO t~ VOJ.l09Ecria). Td \mOAOma cucrunxd tOU bassa 1)tav \.X900- tpoq>da, 1rop8J.lEia, oacrll J.lE ~aAav:OtE<;;, UlC~AAtEp!llta xro~cpta.~ K.li. L' Eva u1rocr1tacrJ.la ruicptaxou lCatUanxou tll~ 1ttplOXll<; tou Samokov, tOU 150u alwva, t)1tapxouv crtOtXeia yta 'ttl XroPla 1toil avf\KaV oro Xacrt tOU J.l1tE11AtpJ.l~E11 'tTl<; P~UJ.lEA11<;;. 'A1to ta ~tolXti~ auta ouvdvouus ott 6 J.l1tEllAEPIl1tEll<; ElXE EVu haSS3 oro XroplO Studena Kai. on s~avaYKasE tOUe; lCatOtlCou<; tOU vd to lCaAA.tE,PYOUV. 'E~aAAou 6plcrJ.lEva hassa a1tOt~AOUVtaV a1tO 6A~lC/"11~ Xropla, ~~ to Surf Samovok Kat to Velik Samokov, lCan1tOU 1tpOE~AE1tE f\ lax\)-

ouaa vOJ.l09Eaia303• , _ '

'A1rO TJ1V avaAucr11 troy ttJ.laploottKrov, lCa'taanx~~ t?tl 150tl lCat 160u aiwva a' O,tl aq>opu 'to hesse KataA11youJ.lE am alCOAou6a au~-

nepdoucru: 'EO& '

a) I'ta nepiccorspc tlJ.laPla cr1tavta U1tavtwVtat ~assa. , xps-

nst vd Aa~OUJ.lS \mo'l'l1 on f\ ol1~tOupyia hesse yatoov 1t~<; O<ptA~

, k' a1tO rriv lCata'tJ.lllCJ1l roe

tOU tlJ.laptwtll oucrXEpatvotav uq>avtacr'ta 'I, " ~E

nuupiou crE Olaq>opa U1toJ.laKpucrJ.lEva J.lEta~U tou; ~Ep~. ~llt~, - ~ata OEV U1r01:SAOUcrE t1\ J.lOvll aitta Yla t1\v 61t~tU Oty ~1t1l~laV

, " ,,, • - p ..... UV SAuXtatt',; t.K'taaEt<;

hassa. TIPE1tBt vd crUVEtEtVE Kat 'to on U1tll ,.."

Ota9EcrlJ.lE<; tOV 150 J.l£XPl ta J.lEcra tOU 160u creve.

• • 0 I 1959, OAK 45 30, OAK 52 59

30 I. 'A varoAu:o Tpfjpa, Sign: O~K 45~ 2~, Inv. ~bul-Defterhane, Timan Bd., IstanSeres-Okruzno upravleniye, Naseleniye. X\ I v. , .Is:a I x I tanbul-Defterhane XVI v , bul-Defterhane, Zemi pod feodalna ek ploatatsta: XV.,

Istanbul-Defterhane, Timari 480 g. I(al Inv. 647, 1954. 302. Br. Djurdjev, o.Jr., G. 49 I( t

303. 'AmfOAIA:6 Tpfjpa, Sign: Inv. 647/1954.

AfPOTIKEI: I:XEEEII: LTHN O®nMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA /wSIJ fiftJik 1tOll 1tpOE~AE1tE 6 VOJ.LOe; ~"Cuv roco J.LtKpO elSat -.t1rnll.A.JU>tK11l tO~ bEV ~poaE<pE~E" cnuuvnxd O<pEAT). ' A1to t~~ " '.'. "_m u.supCl, to civO)tuto E1tt'tPE1t'tO Opto Ka"CavaYKaa'ttKiie; EpyuaiIOij>l1COU -J.Liu roe; E1ttU J.LEpEe; 'to XPOV0304- ~EV E1tUPKouaE _ui ICallttPYE1U 1tOll SU a1tE<pEPE aT)J.Lav'ttKr] aO~Etu. 'E1t0J.LE-

6JW ICui a~ )CaeE nJ.Lap~o 1tEP,tEAUJ.L,~~VE hass~ y~lEe;, to KEPOOC; t'Ifl4Puil'tTJ ea ~'tuv J.L1KpO. Ilpsnei, EmaT)e;, vn Aa~Ol)J.LE tl7to'Vll to doo~l1J.LU tOW 1tEplaaOtEpO)v a1taXr]~rov ~EV "Coue; E1tE'tPE1tE vd oA.oOV \mUAAtlAOUC; 1t06 Sa <ppovnsav Kat Su E1tE~AE1taV tie; aUJ£py&1.f:C; ata 1tpoaO)1ttKa roue K'ttlJ.La"Ca KatU 'wue; J.LiiVEC; i1 "Ca

__ MIl 1tOl> EA&\1tUV tKtEAOOVtUC; tU crpunorrucd "Coue; KaStlKOVtU . • WK, 0\ xspiooorepot a1tUxiibEe; 1tOU dXav hassa ato 'ttllapto ~1tIleooouv va to covoudooov J.LE "Ctc; parlS yalEe;, bT)AUOtl ~pooouv to hassa tou; aE EVUV XO)ptKO J.LE "ChAo Kat E"Cat t1;u"~(lV to (f)OpO 1t06 E1tPE1tE vd KUtU~AT)Sd ytU "COV "ChAO Kat "Ctlv ia\cNt 4p£0u&1A1Ktl1tpOaOOO a1tO uu'tr] "Ctl Yii.

y) U 1tOlla OtUtciyJ.LUtU 1t06 u<popouauv J.LEJ.LOvroJ.LEva aaVtsUKtU ~(lV Pllta 1i J.LEtu~i~uaT) trov hassa aE aAAO npoorono IlE ~ tltM>uJOS. ·01(0)<; t1;l1yEi () KUVOUVVUIlEe; tOU rOUAEtJlUV, auto Imwv oi a1tlllllOE<; «ytuti ot\vouauv ytU xpiilla»306, bT)Aabr] i18Eva dm~ouv t01toao 1t06 KUta~UAAOtUV ytU tOV "ChAO. rtu vd

~~tt tic; 1tupU~taaEt<; UUtEC; 1i vouoesctc IlE"CE<pEPE "CO KUPtO

tolV lCUnt:\ ' "

...... OEo)V orov uusoo 1tUpuyroyO. 'Erot av KU1tOtoC; cnc-

dxa 1tClpa~{J)PtlO&~ IlEPOC; tOu hassa tOU aE aAAov, 6 E1tOJ.LEVOe; ui O£v ~tuv U1t0lPEO)JlEvoC; vd bEXtEi uutOV tOV nnpdvouo va £11£ to otlCuiO)llu va U1tUtttlau va tOu'Ematpa<pEi to hesse ~cn(l~t <i1t~l1lli{J)a11 oro XroPtK0307• ME "Cie; lcupooaEtC;

_1Ik1Al&'oitOn, uovo 1t06 KUtaq>&pE it KEV'tPtKl) btoiKT)aT) Tltav vd

ot hassa 'Vui"r KUt' " , "

~ I"~ VU IlEtvOUV crnv 1tAEtoVOt11ta

&tv tP'Yllt~: va KU'tUppE6aouv ol hassa VEPOJlUAOt a<pou

ulUlC\VOUVEUE va <i ' - , , '

1tOK't11aEt Y11 1tOU ea tOU u<patpouv"Cuv

TO TlMAPIO

105

308. o.Te., 0. 399.

309. o.Te., 0. 90 K.t

H ~XEEEIL HHN 00flMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

TOTIMAPIO

-

IM.VII.,."'''''''P l1tC..,lJo. 'H KaAA1EpYEla 'tfj<; yfj<; ~E ~tcralCaPtK

, T '0 1::' T)

t) 11 ue reaKtwcrllll'!av W 000<; 1tOU XPllat~01tOtODV'tav

a j.l P1KroV U'l'T)AroV u~tW~a'tODXWV, om.o<; oro Xacrl 'tou ''_t'~rtp 1,11t£l1 II To Xelcrt 'tOi) ~1tEllHp~1tEll 'tfj<; POD~EAll<; cr'to SaJtapO\)crla~El ~.ll(i reoM eVbtaq>Epoucra 1tEpi1t'twcrll EK~~miA,_v ....... ev has a "(UlroV. "Orew<; uvaq>tpa~E, crE W:ptlCE<; 1tEPt1t'tOOcrEt~, altouJ .. oovrcv ureo 6AOKAT)pa XWpta, lCel'tt 1tOD unopet vc

p\9ti j.lOVO j.lE 'ti<; )lOpq>E<; £K~E'taAAWcrll<; nOD icrxuav cr'tt<; crOUA~ yaif:~. 1:' aU'ta O)lw<; 'ta hassa XWPla, ot paytabE<; bEV £pyaav (J'n~ yalE<; 'tou tl)lUptOO'tll (to KU'tacr'ttXo btv lCataypaq>Et el- 11j.lQ'ta altO 't~V KaAA-tEpYEta 'tfj<; yfjC;), XPllat~01tOtODv'tav unoto'ttx:a ctti )lEtanda crtb~pou. "Erot oi xdrotxot 'tOD XWptOu tudena OouAwav O'ta )lEmA-Ada crtb-rlPOU, 01tW<; Kat oi Ka't01lCOt 'tou Kletlu (;) EVro 01. paytaSE~ 'tou XWptOu Samokov Radika bODAWUV

«CTtO ooO'o~», OltO\) aO'loAouv'tUV npoq>avroc; ~t 't-rlV xuruoxsur] xdp~llVO\), nOD ~'tav avaYKaio yta t~V 't-rl~T) 'tou CJl,bllPo~E'taAAED~a'toc;. H KQ't~vuy~aO''ttK~ spyacriu 'trov Ka'tOtlCWV 'trov XWptrov Surf Sarno-

kov ICU~ ~ehk Sam?kov~l~ Tt'tav btaq>OPE'ttK-rl, ouvdeorcv o~w<; KUt a: TI\ ~ rc ~U;'tuAAEta. Ol ovouccie; nOD Eq>Epav 'to. XWpta rriv e1t0l';

1C~\'"' ' ., s: 'j: , ., "

." ~Ut 01 EVuEl<.,W; 1tEP1 KU'tuvuYlCucr'ttlCll<; epyucrtu<; U1tO'tEAOUV

~P~t~~ ~1toS:i~E\(; Y1a 't~ j.leyaAT) aVa1t'tU~ll 'trov 0PUXElWV crtb-rlPOU ~.~~tO ~ovtj.lT)j.la 'ti'i~ BouAyapiu~, flOll a1tO rov 150 uioovu. 'ElCEiVO .....-, nOll EIE\ cnuccio elvm o" ... t' 'I 'I ~ "" ' IJassa ~ :',.. " • tu )lE'tUI\.I\.UU UU'tU UVllKOUV oro

'to\) j.lntT)AEpj.l1tEn 'tiil" P' 'I •• ~ , "

~po talA " "~ OU~El\.llC;, 0 01tOtOc; ElC~E'tUAAWO'tUV 'to

_an- ~ t\)j.l~ IPT)O',\j.lono\(ov'tu~ lCU'tUvuYlCucrnlC-rl epyacrta xci,

·,....".,.vID<;. reOUAOUO'E O''to Kpa't " 'I 'I , ,

wou Z.~E 'r ' o~ 'to )lE'tUI\.I\.O 1tOU E~fjYE. ~'BlY nspio-

..., 'tU.,OUj.lt O'1tUVtU anu ~ ,

"'"'v 6' _ vtutrn 'tt)lUptW'tll<; vd 1tUt~Et lCa1tOto

- "1 PYUV(l)O'T) 'tT)<; napay(l) ~ " 'I

"',CDti\C;. Yll~ Kat )lall.tcr'tu 'tfjc; ~-rl UypO'ttlCfj<;

~ 'ta nupanaV(l) OtOo '

to\} O&m\U1v ~ , j.lEVU aV'ttAa)l~aVO)lacr'tE on 'ti crU~~E-

ou 'ttj.luP1ouloU 0' r 0 '

1IIp\oP\O~ U ' rnv Pyuvwcrll 'trov lCaAAtEpYEtrov

. j.ltYUAo ~uej.lO, U\)10 Oq>E1AO'tUV crov 'to'tE

~EYTEPO KE$AAAIO

MOY AKI KAI BAKOY<I>I

'EKtO~ a1to to tuidpio, ~eaIlEu, xam 1tOU f:K1tPOO(J)1touoav 'to oe. llaVtKO otpaUWUKOq>EOubaAtKO OUO't1l1la Kat coviorotccv t1\v btoTtIlTt 1l0pq>Tl yalOKtTtOta~ Kata tOV 150 Kat 160 aicilva, uni}ptav l'.Cli aAAE~ 1l0pq>E~ yalOK'tTtota~ nou avfjKuv ot iStuhEPE~ KUtrtyop"," TIPOK€ttat yta tt~ yai€~ 1tATlPOU~ KUptOtTt'ta~ (mOlt)1 Kat ti~ paKotJq)tKE~ yaiE~.

TIPE1tEt vd 'tovtaoull€ ou, OE aVti9E0Tt IlE to tlllaptO Jtou ~ dvnxeiusvo dbtKroV f:PEuvrov, oi 1tapaJt(lvw KatTtyoplE~ yau»v uaXLOta EXOUV IlEA€tTtOd. <H avaAU0Tt trov 1l0UAK Kal 'trov f:laKouqndiY 'Yatrov avabEtKVUEt 6ptOIlEVE~ rdos«; tfj~ lCOtV(J)VtK001KOV0J111Cii~ dvci- 1ttu~Tt~ tii~ oOwllavlKfj~ KOtV(J)Vta~ 1tOU f:V J1EPEt J10VO aJtolCUA.U1t't£1. ~ IlEAEtTt trov nucpiev.

I. MXOIlUOtE tOV opo <<'Yii 1tA.~pOIJ~ KIJPtOtlltU~» (toprak miilbi) llo).oY6t1 tv IlEPEt uovo EKq>p6.~Et t~ 0l1IlUOlU tii~ gvVOtU~. T6v opo UUtO I[p<iit~ dm\yayt 6 O. L. Barkan, «Islam-Turk miilkiyet hukuku tatbikatmm Osmanh Imparatorlugu'nda akbjJ ~eki11er. II: Mulk Topraklar ve Sultanlann Temlik hakki», (TOltOt yatotm1~ wi) tOIJPKOlOA.UlltKoil OtKUlOIJ 1[0ll Eq>UPIlOOtllKuv ot~V 69rolluvucl\ autolCparop(~ 'YutE~ millk KUt t6 olKuirollu tii~ IlEtu~i~uoll~ 1[00 &lXE {) aouA.tdvoQ, Istanbul mt = lktisat Fskiiltesi Mecmua '51 VIII 1,0. 164 d. "Etat t~dA.A.olJ XPll~O.ot1\8l1~ v Otllv Icropiojpueto I!u~ (gazi miilk) ~A.. B. Tsvetkova, «Pozemlerute otnosbeniYl~ bulgarskite zemi pod osmansko vladichesko do sredata na XVII veb, (ot typon .oXtoEl~ ot£~ ~OIJI.. 'YUPtKt~ 1tEptOXt~ KUta ~v n&pioOO '"'~ ~avuc~ ICIJ1'4ICfttG1K

<lI~ tei I!EOU tOU 170IJ al61vu),lstoricheski PregJedVII/2, 0.165.

ArPOTlKH __ ~.£rEII: HHN OeOMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

!!..---~-----'-

MOYAKI KAI BAKOY<I>1

0» Kat «J.nl yV~O'tO» J.l0UAKl

K~ VOI.109toia 9twpti ~OUA.Kta lCupiw<; 'ta. lC'tl1~a'ta 1tA.11-

O:tl'fr 1tOU Rpimcovrat of: Ka'tOtKT)~evs<; 1tSpwx.t<;, OT)A.aOl1

1CUPl. "I ~ P "" A '

..... 'pta "Ca. OiK01ttOa Kat tt<; uypOttlCE<; SKtacrSt<; 1tOU ppicxov-

,,_lCll. , - ( " A '

c:mt upilwpa KatotKT)~EVWV ~E~t~X.WV, lCUptW? lCT)~OU<;, 1tSPtpo:

mi, 1I:tO 01ta.vta, a~1tEA.ta)2. Auto to ~OUA.lCt 1tOU ~tT)V 6~w~aVtlCll .... .uC1\ KUpa.OO<J11 Elvat yvwotO 00<; «YVl1atO» (sahib) ~OUA.lCt T1'tav

~\patOJ1EVO ou~q>wv~ ~E :ov {spo vouo. ~f: CiA.A.a ~oyta T1ta~ ova J1otpaotti croix u1tapx.0VtE<; lCA.T)pOVO~ou<;, vn 1tOUA.T)SSt, 8eP1l9£i, va. yivEt ~aKQuq>t (EuaYE<; topu~a), x.wpi<; <j>EoUOaA.tlCou<; ..,wP1.0J10U~ ~ U1tOlPEwoEt<;. ~u~q>wva ~f: to VO~O crou; xupioi»; .. «'YV"latWW J1oUA.Kiwv dVf\lCE £1tioT)~a ox.t uovov 'ri OElC<l'tT) Kat to pp4t<n aA.A.a. lCai ~ 'lItA.l1 KUptotllta (rakabe) 'troY ~OUA.lCiWV3, 'E1tEtit\, ~~, ta. <<"fV11ota» J10UA.lCta lCataA.a.~~avav ucrl1~avtO nococto m6 c:ruVOA.O troy yatrov tf\<; 69w~aVtlCf\<; autOKpa'topiae; lCai OEv U1tOuloOOav iOtaltEPll KatT)yopta yf\<;, OEV Sa. ~a<; U1tacrx.oA.l1crouv £oro. 'E1Ct~ ano to «YvllOtO)) ~OUA.Kt, Otl1V 6Sw~aVtlCl1 autOlCpatopia ,,",ptE Kai J1ta.1tapaA.A.ayl1 tOU, to «~11 YVl1crW)) (gayr-i sahih) ~OUA.lCt k6 "Co 6noio npotpxotav to ~aKouq>t. 'A vti9Eta ~E tOUe; 9Ecr~OU<; 'tot; nueptoo nou ava1ttux.ST)lCE, Eop'atw9T)lCE xni 1tapl1lC~acrE crtO xl.aioto tOU oew~aVtlCOU xpdrouc, 'to lCaSscrtWe; troy yatrov troy ~OUA.ldmv Kai troy ~alCouq>iwv 1tPOf\A.SE U1tO apx.ato'tEPOU<; icrA.a~tlCou<; 1Cpan1CO~ OXllJ1atto~ou<;.

To, 110UA.Kl Kat 'to ~aKouq>t

G't~ 1tpOOe(i)l1aVtKt~ xotvevie;

T6 mUll (apaRtlC ') .i( 'lk (

~ ~ a p a 'I mi 1tEPatlCa.) T1tav ulCivT)tT) xspioootc lCU-

..,\~' ~a~aA.A.OtPiw'tll' 1tOU T1tav Suvarov va. 1toUA.T)9d T1 v~ ~s-

O'tEt 0 KA.llPOVOJ1ou<;' T1tav uvayvwptcr~Evll U1tO tOV tEPO vo-

cr. 49-50.

4. I. P. Petroushevski, Oclierki po istotii feodal'nykh otnoshenii v Azerbaid!anye i Armenii v XVI-nachalye X/Xvv (' A1tO"'€l~ 'Yui t{~ cp€ol)oaA.uct~ crxtcr€~ crt6 A~t:p~1tattCuv Kat tliv 'Apusvte tOV 160 Kat ci)~ ti~ apxt~ tOU 190U a16wa). AtVlvyKpaVT 1949, cr. 222.

5. O. L. Barkan, Kanunlar, cr. 165-168.

6. 1. H. Uzuncarsih, Osmanh devleti te$kilatJna metbsl, O.K., cr. 125-126.

L Iakan, KanunJar, cr. 296-297.

ArPOTIKE:E I:XE1:EIl: l:THN OenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKI KAI BAKOYCllI

113

II

avijICav oroue; KapaICoytOUVAOU, onfipxav ttl!aP1.a Ka.i 1!0UAK1.a. ~'ti~ JtEpwxte; ai.rrte; 1i KEV'tptKTJ OtOiK110111tOUAOUOE l!eyaAEe; bC'taOE1.C; roC; J.10UAICta8. Buotxo xapa.K't11 pioruco 'tQU 1!0UAKiou Tl'ta.v 1i ouva'to't11'ta. Jtov £lXE 0 KUptOC; 'tOU va 'to I!E'ta'tpbjfEt ot EUa.yEe; tOpUJ.1a. (~aKouqn)' hOt, ano 'tic; yo.lEC; 't(lw 1!0UAKirov, npoEKu\jfa.V 'to. ~a.Kouqna.. <H una.p~11 J.10UAKirov Kat paKouq>irov, AOt1tOV, U1tO'tEAEl KOWO q>aWOI!EVO 0' (SAO. to. 1tpo09roJ.1aVtKa iOAal!tKa q>EOUOaAtKa Kpa't11, na.paAA11Aa. I!E tTJV KUpto-t11'ta nov ElXE 'to KpatOC; O'tTJ yfi·

1tapaxropouv'tav OE KanOtOV U~trol!a.'tOUXO uno II 0 Pin" , .

j'k) T'''1 '1'1 " ,... ,.. •• v 'tl1!a.plOU (dir-

I . E/l.OC; nO/l./l.EC; q>OpEC; uerurpsnoruv ot Pa.ICOUq>t9•

To oVOt11l!a. meliksne-divsni OEV £~EAiX8'lKE 1tEptOOO''t '

68 " " EpO ctnv

rol!avtK11 uuroxputopm. LUVEXtOa.V vd umlyov'ta.t 0' a.' , I 11: • s: _ ,_ _ UtO 0 1.UW-

K't11'ttC; yau:c; xopto»; rev eyelet tou POUI!, Ma.Aana.r Ku a '

r ''1''1 r ,<" .", pal! V Kal

svi /I., 0't0 usrpo nou Ot xuptoi roo; elxa.v £vorolla.tro8Ei o't" ,

s: 'I ' ,~ _ ,... '.v£oo\)-

o'ta't~ q>~OUUU/l.tK11 t~s ~ 't11C;. 6~~I!UVlKfie; uu'toKpa.'topia.c;lO.

To ouo't11l!u meliksne-divsnl OtUt'lPTJ8'lKE otie; 1ttplOl&C; a.utt roC;:o 1~93, onott KUt~pYrl8'lKt, oton, OUI!q>rova. I!t nA'lPoq>op~ nou naptxtt ,; vouoseotu, 011l!touPyoUVtUV OuVtxroe; uvnotKi~ I!EtU~U u'toJ.1rov nou dxuv thAOUC; otic; npoooooue; trov IOlrov ya.tffivll. To ytyOVOC; on 0X1. J10VO otv €~tAiX8'llCE I!Eta tTJV iopuo'l tOU oemI!uvncou Kpa'tOUC;, uAAa uvti8ttu nUpTJlCl!UOE YPTJyopa, elvci ,; mo tUYArotT'l unoOEt~11 on €npOKtt'to yta eva ouo't'll!a 0lEOtrov nou lCA11Povol!rl811Kt uno 'to nuptA80v Kai tjtav ~EVO npoc; tTJV 08ro1!aVllCrl uu'tolCpo.'topio.I2•

'0 9EO'J.10<; meliksne-divsni

TIOAU 011l!o.V'ttKf:e; yta 'trl J1tAE'tTl 'troY J.10UAKl.roV Kai 'troY ~ulCouq>irov 'tiie; 68roJ1uVtKiie; au'toKpa'topiae; slvm uvaAoyte; Ku'tTlyopiEe; YUtrov 1tOU tmiipxav' (nie; 'tOUpK1.Kf:e; ,;ytI!OViEe; 'tiie; M1.Kpiie; 'Aotae; tiC; nnpcuove; tiie; 69roIlUV1.Kiie; E~anAroOTle;· ~'trlV nsplofio uutrl 'to 1!0UAK1. ytVtKa ttvt\.1tPOOOO1tEUt trlV KupiaPXTl I.J.OPq>rl oro ouotTlI!U ya1.oKt11- oiae; 'troY J1tKProV autrov Kpatrov. Ltie; i}ytI!OVtte; tTlC; M1.KpiiC; 'Aotoc, oi o1toite; i\tav npotov XroP1.ottKroV taotrov xui illCl!Uoav 'trlV lOW. E1tOXrl J1E to otA tSOUK1.KO oouA'tavato, o1.aJ10pq>oo8TlKE I!ta upto'toxpcric yatOKtTlI!Ovrov, i}o1toia tIxt 1tArlPTlKUptot11ta of: KA11PovoJ1tKEe; yatEe;. 'EK'tOe; a1to tie; Ka8auto 1l0UAK yaite;, tOV 130 KUl 140 uioova otiC; m:pl.OxEc; au'tEC; U1tTlPxt xui J1ta 1tapuAAuYrl roue, i}o1toia Ut08ttl19TlKt -il J1aAAov otatTlPTt8TlKt- Kat 01'0 68rol!uVtKO Kpa'tOe;: to ouo'tTll!u malikane-divani. 'Evro ota 1!0UAKta i}1tArlPTl~ KUPto't11'ta. ciV;;KE crov malik il mtilk: sahibi, OTlAU0Tt crov KUPto roii 1!0UAKtOU, o'to malikane-divani i) KuptO'tTl'ta. aU'tTt 1!0tpU~0'tuv uval!tau 0' uu'tov Kai 't1\v KEV'tptK1\ OtOtKTlOTl. To meliknne-divsni; yta 'trlv uKpi~Eto., OEV ElVUt 'to '{OtO 'to K't;;l!a, UAAa i) npoooMe; 'tOU: to malikane civaq>Epo'to.v oro J1EpiOtO 1tOU OtK<ltOUV'tUv 0 KatOXOe; 'tOU Kut 'to divani oro J1Epio1.o 1tOD EnpE1tt va KU'tU~A118d oro Kpa'tOC;. To I!EpiotO malikane UV;;K& naV'tO'tE Ka.i XropiC; opoue; crov melik, 0 o1toioC; elXE nA.1\PTl 01.Ko.1.00I!a.'to. 0' ulno. ' Av'ti.9E'ta. 'to I!Epioto divsnl (fAAOtE to dOE1tpo.'t'tE 'Ii oiKOVOl!tK1\ unTlPEoia. tfiC; uU'toKputopiuC; lCa.t (fAAOtE

To VOJ.1tKO Ku9EO''tcO<; 'troY J.10UA.KlCOV crriv 69roJ.1uVtKTl UU'tOKPUtOPlU

~trlV nopsiu tfic; KUtalC't11011C;, EVro 1i '!'tATJ Kupt.or11ta 'tOU lCpQrou<; otrl yfi J10Ate; rots OtUI!Opq>roVO'tuv, ii E1)patrovotav ~ael!laia, UKPl-

9. To aUatT]l1a maliHne-divani ~1f;A&t1lIlrtKE at f3U9<><; (bro tOV 6. L. Barkan, «Turk-Islam Toprak hukuku tatbikatinin Osmanli Imparatorlugu'nda aldigi sekiller I:

Malikane-Divani sistemi», (Tuno; tOU tOl)pKOlaAal1lKOu 151Kaiol) yaloKt1lai~ !tou &q>apl1oat1l1(Qv atr)v 69Clll1aVucr) autoKpatOpia I: To crucrt1111a Malikane-D;vinI1. TiJrt Hukuk ve Iktisst Tanh; Mecmu'asi II (1932-39), a. 119-184.

10. I. H. Uzuncarsih, a.fr., a. 166. rrp~A. Kai 6. L. Barkan, Kanunlar, e. 182, 110.

II. a.1C., o. 83.

12. Ka9w<; &~Etaaal1& A&1ttOI1Epiii<; to cruatTJlla malikane-divani, dval15l)wt6v, j1t

~aaT] oaa uvaq>tp9T]Kav, va yivol)V of uVttato1xi&<; I1t toti<; malikanefCo~ &llqMlvi~?vtal 1tEpita ttAT] toU 1601) Ka{ upxt<; tOU 1701) alwva, l1oAov6n 15tv QfCotd.ouv dvtuc&lJI&VO au~<; I1EHtT]<;. BA. A. SUCeska, <<Malikana.(doiivotni zakup ~vnich do~ra u ~~ skoj drzavi)», (Malikane, 1'1 lao~la KatOXT] onlv 69Clll1avucT) autOKpatO~I?), Priloo I orijentalnu filologiju ; istoriju jugoslavenskih nsrods pod turetskom vladIVloom, XVII -

XIX (1958-1959).

8. 1. P. Petroushevski, a.fr., cr. 224-226.

AfPOTlKH rXEI:EIE rTHN OeOMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

IJ6; bSlotl fA£I7t£ ~va OOKlJ.1aO'J.1EVO O'uO'tllJ.1a, yaloKtllO'i~~, ol 69~f.lOVOl O'OUA taVOI ui09EtllO'av J.1£PIKOO~ altO tOU~ a~ponKOU~ 9~0'J.1ou~ 1(00 unfjpxav O''ti~ n£pLOXE~ ltOO KatEKtllO'av. npOKE~tat K,Upl(.o~ yta TO f.lOOAKL 7tOll Tj'tav r, ~aO'lKTl q>EouoaAtKTl ~aLOKtllO'ta 0':t1.~ 'tOUPK~KE~ TiY£f.lOViE~ Tfj~ MlKpa~ , Aotcc, r, Oltota _ O'UYKat(lAEYE't~t O':.t<; np<i>T£~ 69wJ.1aVtKE~ KaTaKTTlO'Et~. To 'tJ.1fjJ.1a Tll~ aptO''toKpa'"Cta~ trov Olaf.lEAlO"J.1EVWV atmilv r,YEJ.10VlWV tvO'roJ.1atro91lKE O'tl1V 69roJ.1avtKl1 q>EouoaAlKTl Ta~ll Kat otaTl1PllO'E Ta OtKatroJ.1ata 'tOU bti 'tfjc; yfjC;. 'Eroi, to J . .lOOAKt roc; o9roJ.1aVtKOc; ltAEOV 9EaJ.10e; yawKtllaiac; olaM- 9T]KE KupiroC; O'tTlV Mixpd ' Acta, onou O'uvExtaE vd O:ltO'tEAEi J.1ta aT)JlaVTtKTl KaTT)yopia yatmv roe; 'to. TEAT) TOU 160u atrova13• AUTO ltOD ltapOUo"la~Et f;VOlaq>Epov yta 't00C; Ioropucoix; elver 'Ii OtaOOO'1"\ tou J.10UAKlOU Kat, KaTa O"UVE1tEta, TOU ~aKouq>iou, OXt roco O''tl1v MtKpa 'Acto -OtOtt f:KEi f:ltPOKEt'tO yta 9EO"J.10 KA 1"\ POVOJ.11"\J.1EVO roe; Eva pa9- JlO O:ltO TO napEA90v- 00'0 O"'ta BaAKaVta onou ol J.10UAK Kai oi paKOUq>tKES yatES f;vO"roJ.1atw91"\KaV nHov oro o9roJ.1aVtKO yaWKt1"\TtKO aUaT1"\J.1a, f;Vro OAa "ta l)1tOAelJ.1J.1a"ta 'tTie; npo09roJ.1aVtKTie; KA1"\POVOJ.1lae; 0:1t0 "tij Mtxpd 'Aotc dXav f;~aq>aVta'tEt -01[roc; yta napaOEtYJ.1a

"to auatTJJ.1a malikane-divani.

"01t{J)C; O:vaq>EpaJ.1E, ol J.10UaOUAJ.1aVOt v0J.10J.1a9Eie; 'tTie; f:noxTie; xapaKtijpt~av «J.1ij yvijO"lO» "to J.10UAKt 1tOU 0llJ.1LOupyoUVtav a'tie; 01"\J.10- O"lEe; yaiEC;, E1tEIoij 'Ii unOKtllall troy yatrov autmv OEV O:KOAou90uaE tic; \)1tayopEuaEtc; tOU iEPOU VOJ.1ou. Kurd tOV lEPO V0J.10 EnpEnE v,a yivEt o:yopan{J)Allaia, atijv oxoiu, U1tOXPE{J)"ttKa, to Eva au~paA~oJ.1EVO J.1EpOC; va slvm 'Ii OiKOVOJ.1tKij u1tllPEaia tTis aUtO,KpatO~tae;. « ~ K(l"tOXij EVOC; reJlAlI(VaJlE oEv auvEnaYEtat npaYJ.1a"tlKO rE~AlK (1C~pW~ tll'ta)14. Ti ' auto, tlV 1Ca1tOLOC; OEV u1tEK"tllaE EK"taallo1"\J.1oO"lae; y1"\e; J.1E O:yopa1troA.1"\aia o:no "tT)V olxovouucf unllPEaia, onro~ £iv,at ~ Ka9tEPro~vll npaK"ttKij, O:A.Aa 'Ii YTi autl1 "tOU 009TJKE oropEav ~E tllV,1tapaX<i>P1'\O"1l EVOe; TSJlAlKvaJlE, OEV aUVE1taYEtat ott EXEt Kat rEJlAlK»IS ~

"Onro<; Kai at. noA.A.Ec; tlA.A.E<; nEpt1t'troaEte; yatrov 'tTie; o?roJ.1avtK1"\C; au'toKpa'topia<;, £-tat Kai orriv nEpi1t'troa1"\ autT), ol napa1tav{J) uvaq>E-

pOJ.1EVES O'uv9fjKES ()tv i.O'XDOUV avaYKao"tuca.. "Olt{J)C; 66. &0- .(. 1:' - 'ilk h 'bl . , uus, t" utKatroJ.1ata rev mu sa 1 en otu; yaiEe; rou; i\"to.v am:pt6

,'" _ r ~ " PIOto.,

oro J.1EtpO OltOU unopst va ytVE\. 1\0yoC; yto. «<im:ptoptOto. OU(o.l(O~ _

re» OE ~.lla OUYKEVtprottKTl Kat. UltOAu"to.PXtK11 J.1ovapxia. 'E~6.A.A.~\) OEV slvm aOJ.1lttroaTJ ltOU r, tltiaTJJ.1TJ V0J.109Eota "tou 69{J)J.1o.VIKO\) !Cparoo; OEV uvayvropt~E tTlV uVE~aptTJO't.a "trov J.10UAKt.{J)V altO to OUVOA.O 'trov aUtOKpaTOptKrov yatrov. Ilpoxsrtm yta. J.1la. 00.q>11 f:K011A{J)Oll twv oovrovov npoona9urov nOll KatEpaA.E r, KEv"tPtK11 f:~ouoio. yta. va' uno'tpbVEt tij o1"\J.1tOupyia OiKOVOJ.1tKOD ono~o.apou oro q>wuoo.A.l1CO atproJ.1a, aEAov'tae; va unoq>UYEt "tie; 1tOAtnKEe; ouvEm:tEC; J.1tiiC; "tE-tOlac; t~EAt~1"\C;, 01"\Aao1\ "tie; xropta"ttKte; "taoEte;.

'Evro oi 69roJ.1avoi v0J.10J.1,a8Eic; aEropouoav "tie; yo.h:e; trov J.1ouA1cUov «J.111 YVT)crtEC;), oTJA.aoT) EnEJ.1Evav on Kai "to rakabe (\if tAll xuptomru] autrov trov yatrov UVfjKE a"t11v oiKOV0J.1tK11 o~TJPEoio. "tfjc; o.UtOKpo.tOpiac;, 6ptaJ.1EVOt Ioropucoi mO''tEUOUV Ott J.1E "t11V EKOOOTJ tOU n:Jl).ucvaui, 'Ii KEV'tPtK1\ owiKTJo1"\ nnpurrobvtuv de facto alto ol..a rd btKUtroJ.1a'ta 1tOU dXE at1\ yfj au't1116. L"ta eyypaq>a au'ta avaq>EPEtat cucrnJ.1anKa Ott 6 miilk sahibi o.nOK'tOUOE «unEptOptO"to. OtKo.u.0J.1U"ta) Kat «nAT)p1"\ xopiornrc» a"tT) yfj nOD tOU 1tapaxffipTJoe r, KEVtptK11 SioiK1"\a1"\. L'tT)V npa~1"\, auto 0l1J.1atVE Ott J.1nOpOuoE UVaAOYo. J.1E ti~ btu8t~ osu; tOU vd J.1Eta~tPaaEt 'tT)V iotOKt1"\aia otOU~ KATJPOVOJ.1ou~ roo, vn

rriv nou/'l1aEt i} vd 't1\v KaVEt ~aKouq>t17. ,

'0 Ali Cavus unO tTlv Loq>ta o.V(l(ptPEt on oi. yaiE~ "trov J.10U~Kt{J)~ Tjtav 0J.10tEe; J.1E tie; JlaAlKlavi Kai OiVEt rov aKOAOUaO 6P_l0J.10 t?U VOJ.1tKOD Ka9Ea'troToe; roue: «Eva J.1EpOe; [trov aUtOKpa"toptKo)~] yat~V slvut JlaAlKlavi. 'OptaJ.1EVOt OOUAtaVOt 1tapaxO)po,uoo.v ~at~C; 1tATJpour KuptOtntae;18 aE ovrc; J.11tETJOEe; Kai ot OptOJ.1EVOU~ UVO)tEPO~

":>'1 " " 'E' to\)' Kat

u~troJ.1atouXoue; 'tfje; KEVtptKfje; OtOl.K1l01le;, yta ne; U1tl1PEOt ., ",

yta "tie; iKaVOt1"\'tee; roue. Td npoorolta aUta dXav lta.pEt Jl~v).I(V(1JlC~ &C; unO naAal.OtEpOUe; O:AAa Kai ouyXpovou~ roue OO,UA.t~VOll~. °O!

, "" a' KI.."P0\,OlltKU J.10UAKtU. t

JlaAlKlaVE yaiEC; slvm Kat aUtEe; OltO)S t 'I r" 8'

, ' 'pouv vc nc; btU EtOUV

Kuptoi roo; exouv nA1"\Pll OtKatroJ.1a'ta Kat J.11t0 _,

, M' 'a ' to tOU' 7tSPVOUV O"tO\)~

aUJ.1qlrova J.1E tiC; tm9UJ.1tEC; tOue;. stu to eva .,

13.1. H. Uzuncarsih, 6.te., o. 164-166.

14. Temlik dVa.l 110U').,lC\, 011').,0.01\ ri'i 1tA1\pOU~ lCUpl6tT]ta~.

1S O. Hllmi, AhkAm-iiJ evkaf, Istanbul 1307. <p£t~6.~ o.p. 130, o. 55. LU~<p(1)Va ~t ...... "" 'to{) O. L. Barkan. «Mtilk topraklar ... ~). 6.te .• o. 160.

16. O. L. Barkan, «Miilk topraklar ... », 6.1f .• 0. 158.

17. 6.tr., 0.160. 'ov TOU lCu(6 miilkiyet.

18. Yt09EtEit(ll 0 opo~ «1t').,1\Pl1~ io\oJ(tTl0ta» yui t P

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY$I

ol anoiOl 1.11tOPOUV va 'tie; nouAt;OOUV, vd tie; QVouv !JalCouq)l. BpiolCovtal Ott;V lCatOXt; rouq 0\ ol oytvEla ~ lCa'tapY1190uv ol yalEe; ~E ()t(ha'Y~a'

'.Iii ..... :All1' 111 , c ' ",

atv lloUV lCa~ui EnlOl1~l1 U1t0XPEro0l11tpoe; to xpu-

'.rouMK &lva\ cpaVEPO Ott, at YEV1ICte; ypa~~Ee;, to VO~lICO xuo8o,~aV\ICOU J.10UAlCiou taunsotav ~E 'to lCa9EO'troe; tOU

'" tOU milk tOOV 1tpoo~ro~avlK~v tOAa~lKro~ lCpa;rov. ME, aAAa iiv dIE ax&ol1 ~& rnv EK1tAl1pro?l1 OPl~~EVroV uno~pEro?Erov to pa't~, O&V napaX(J)pouV'tav yta OPlOJ.lEVl1XPOvllCl1nEplOOo, t, 6pou s(J)fj<;, aHa «tie; 1:OUe; atrovae;», J.1t ()lKatro~a'ta1tAt;pOUe;

....:Mb'lm·'tWi Kai xwpie; OEO~EUOEle;.

oopu O'wlXda nOD npooolOpisOUV tt;V e

~OUAlCiou. VVOla tfj<; Katoxfj<; 'too

To o9ro~avlKo ~OUAKt otv npoepXEtal a 'a '

o1toia OU~~EtEtXE TJ OtKOVO~lKt; \mnpEoia no_ yopan(J)A110\a Ott\v

A. '\ '\ " '1 't1)<; a\)toKpatopinr I!"~

ou~..,a/l./l.o~EvO uepo;: napaX(J)pd'tat ano rriv K ' ~ ~ w., e ,~_ T ' '1 EVtptK1) ot01K1)on

U1tO ~oPCPl1v oropecc, a OtKalro~ata tOU Kato'VO\) '\, '1

_ ,,,,,,, '" ~O\)/l.Kto\) 1ttOtO-

1tOlO,uvt~t ~ ~v~ E1tlOl1~.? ~yypacpo, YV(J)Oto roe; rEj.JAucvaj.JE 11 j.JOUA1C-

vaue Yla rnv ElCoOOl1 tOU onoiou aKOAOu9Eltat dOllc' ~ ~ .

o ' _"" 11 olaollcaow: a

xc 11<;, orou onotou rnv 1tEptcpEpEta ~plOKOtav ~ yii '1. '

" 'A" a " '1 '1 1t0\) snpocerto

~a y~V~l ~o~. ~,t, uot:pa no EvtOAt; tfje; KEVtplKiie; OtOlK11011<;, Xapa"E ru aKpt..,l1 optu ttov XroPlroV xni trov ~E1;pao(J)v 1tOD av '

,~ , r s acpEpOVtav

?to otat,ay~~,,, otl1Pl"O~EVOe;, one; ~aptupiEe; trov KatOlK(J)v tOU<;20. 'H

av~cp?p~ 1t~U EOtE~VE 0 ~aOl1<; crnv np(J)tEDouoa XP1)Oi~euE ro<; ~aOl1 Yla rnv EKoOOl1 tOU j.Joul\xvaj.JE.

<l>aivEtal Ott TJ 8la.8lKaoia. autit 8tv tIXE yiVEl aKo~l1 U1t0XPE(J)tlKit ota. 1tprota XPOVla ~Eta tt;V lCataKt11011, 8l0tt 1toA.A.oi rEj.JAlKYaj.JE&~ tii<; 1tEPlOOOU a.utii<; slvat aPKEta YEVlKOi Kai AaK(J)vlKoPI. llt9avorurc, it napumivm 1tpalCtlKit ui09Etit911ICE t~attiae; trov aVtlOlKui:Jv 1tOD dxav 1tpOlClnjfEl ava~Eoa OtODe; lCatoXOue; ~OUAKi(J)v Kai tou<;; tl~a.plrotEe;, xui 1tpocpavroe; EIXE OK01tO vd 1tPOOOtOpiOEl t1taKpl~e; ta. OtlCa.tro~ata trov lCa.tOXrov troy ~OUAlCi(J)V.

MEta. 'tt;V apXtlCt; 1tpa~l1, Otitv o1toia KataX(J)pouvtav of ovouaOiEe; 'trov OUO'ta.tllCroV o'tOtXEi(J)v 'tou J.10UAlCiou, €7tPE1tE vd optOtOUV ta covopc rou. rta vd yivEt auto 0 lCatoXOe; J.10UAKlOU u1te~aAAE a.ttllOll o'tt;v xsvtptxr] 81OiKllOll, TJ o1toia, J.1E tit OEtpa tl1e;, OlEtaOOE rov romxo lCaOrl va xa.pa~Et f:1tt.ollJ.1a 'ta oovocc 7tOU avacpEpOV'tav 0't0 J..IOVA.KVaj.JE. TeAo<; it xsvrpixf E~ouoia l;~e3l8E Eva €yypaq>o ~otousvo rrrriv avacpopa 'tou Ka.3ii, 1tOU OvoJ.1a1;otav (}'lVoupvaj.J~ 11 Xovvrovvrvaj.JE~. 'OptO~EVOt mvovpvaj.JE&~ 7tOU ouvooeuav 7t&Plypa.cpte; ~alCoucpi.(J)V, 'ta onola 1tpoepX0V'tav a7to J.1ouh: yai&<;;, StiXvouv ~e 1tOOl1 AEn'tOJ.lepEta 7tEptypacpoVtaV ta opla tfie; EKtaOTJ<; tOU

TqJl.UCVClJ1E<; (~OUA.KVa~E<;), (nvOUpva~E<; (xoovtOuVtVa~E<;), ~OUKapEpva~E<;

Elva\ cb:apait1lto va J.1EAEtrl<WUJ.1E, 0Xl OJ.1(J)<; Yla AOyOU<; 'tU1ttKa. vo~. tic; t7tiOTJJ.1E<; 7tpa~Ele; J.1E ti.e; 07tOlEe; OUv8EOtaV TJ lCa'tox'll 'troY ~1CiO)v. Ita ErYpacpa aut a nou cruvtaX911lCaV ano 'trlv K&VtptK'll &wUcrtOTlKai acpopouoav ttl 8111.1l0upyia J.10UAlCi(J)v, otalCpivouJ.lE ota-

19. H. HadjJbegii:, «Rasprava Ali Causa iz Sofija 0 timarskoj organizaciji XVII 1IaIjei!a», (folpyo tOU Ali Cavus dlto t~V 1:oq)\11 alEtlK:1i IlE to 'nIlI1PlCJ)tUCO auat1l1lll .17o __ w), GJasnik Zemaljsxog Muzeja u Sersjevu, Nova serija, II (1947), a. 153.

" ..J".l ~ ~ 1.5.r1.r- ~ L> r L. •• '..,... ~... d..Lo

20, G. Elezovic, Turski spomenitsi (TovplOld~ K1Iri~). I, a. 681. H. InalC1k, Fatib devri tizeriode tetkikler ve vesikalar, o.tr., a. 219 .

21. o.tr., a. 108.

T Gakbilgm, d.te., a. 414.

~ ~ uZ---l-' ~ I ..}...) I ~ I ..) I ,,_J W: ...)_,..:..J..,I ._;~ 6...)..} 1 ," < 1 <>

AfPOTIKEI IXEIEII ITHN OS!lMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~1

119

t V'tU~ OA.U ta o'tOtX&iu nOD KaOoptsuv ta ouvopd

_ Il&i_', clvocp po , 22

~XOU<; Of;V'tpU xavtaKta .

~~ '~r h:'Vw~TJOTJe; ,.1OUAK yauDv, anoKaA6mEt opioue-

H g_,\ICOOW. • '." A. " , , , A' n-

CJ10lXEiu KOU ~ouv IlEyaA.TJ oTJllaOt,a yta ,<1OtTJ tTJ ~E EtTJ., 8 p~~a

.1:'1. ft I OAU tvOEtK'ttKO on crouc npu)'toue; ieusisvaue E~ uEV

UAU-,Eval1t I' "0 ' f' ,

poV'tUl ta ouvopa 'toW 1l0UAKU.oV. ~u'tO ~no EtK~U,E~ "" t~V

J-M. J..-'\Jn Of;V iJ1ti1pxav I1KOIlTJ nona rumptu ere soccn 'tTJe;

_£'l t,li.r.l. '. A' 'L "

.mo"patopi~. Yla va bTJlltOUPY0l>v't<lt n_P00'tplpEe; ~E~ U<p~P)l~ 'tTJV

bualP1ria tii~ npooooOU £voe; OUYKEKP,t)lEVOU x~pwo TJ ~l<le; ~OATJe;.

o "1\~ aut~ oplOIlOe; 'tile; nEpl<pEp~lae; 'tO~ )lOUAKt?~ a~A.a1;E 6pyOt&p«. or ).l.&'tUYEV£O'tEpm (Jl~ou~vaw:&;, 'tOO 1500 ~at tbtanEp,a tOO 1600 uicilva. 1[OU ExoullE otT) btaOEoT) Ilae;, elver mn A.E1tLO)lEPEcnutOlD• 'EKO)lEVro<;. ~ I1vaYKT) vu npoobwplO'tOUV IlE aKpi~wl 'ta 6pUl taV yuui>v 'tow )loUA.Kirov napououiO'tTJKE ana 't';v onY)l'; 1tOU 'ttl n¢p\a JtUKVroouv Ot,;V EntKpatEla tile; 60ro)lUVlKile; U\)'toKPU'tO-

piaI;,

To ~t&po OU)l1tEpaolla nou ~yUiVEl ana 'tie; nATJPo<popiEe; nou

4vaAptpovtalO11\ blaOU«loia napaxwpTJOTJe; tOl> )loUAKiou hu 0XE- CAl '" 'to xapaK't1;pa KUt. ."v u<p,; au'tol> 'tOl> 'tU1tOO yuwK'tTJoiae;. Tri trY"..,. 1tOU alpOpoi)v ta ttudptu aOX0A.OuV'tU1 UnOKA.UOnKa )lE 'ta moO tii~ 1Pt0uOOAt1cile; npocoooo KUt, OUVE1troe;, bEV UVU<pEPOV'tat cnO Xcilpo. Oi rEp)..lI(vajji8&~ xui ol oivoopvauise; a1to 't,;v (fA.ATJ dtu¢, uplypaqx)t)v 'tOV Xropo, OT)A.ub'; 't,;v EK'tUOTJ Yile; 1tOU nspt~al alto OUYKEKP1llEVU apta. npawanKU, EVro 0 opoe; U)lo.pw mpaU)lU\ t600 OE £KtaOT) Yile; 000 KUt OE dOObTJ)la, 0 opoe; 1l0DA- In CJTU1QiWl )lui mtyK&KP1IlEVT) EKtaoT) Yile;.

"AlA.a t&KIl1\P\U OlUq><>P&'tlKOU nmou, 1tOD EntOTJe; OUVOEOV'tal)lE ~ ~ t(b~ 1l0UA1cloov, slvru oi oVO)laSOIlEVol uooxapeovauio»; Am ttc; ltA.OOOl&C; nA.T)p0<p0plEe; nou b1aOhoullE 00Vo.YE'ta1 on E1tpOKa'to yul &npa!po -avaq>ep&tat Kat roe; hiikiim (Olatuy,;)- IlE to

onoio KaOE v£qe; OOUA. 'tavoe; E1ttKUproVE 'tT} Yil EVOC; lCatO'Vou '\, _

'E ' " , , A. ).10\)I\.K1

0024• 1tt?TJe;, ,0tTJV m:p1n'troOTJ ."?" :'0 ~O\)AKt lina~& XEpla liE ayo-

punroATJolU, 'to VOll1lCO lCaOE01:roe; tOU vsou lCatoxou avuyvropl~Otav EmoT))la uovov ana 'tT} OUYIlT} nou anolC'tOl>OE jjOUKapEpVaj.lE IlE t6v onoio Em KOPWVOV'tuv 'to. btlCU1W)la'ta 'tOU25 .

'0 uooxaoepvaue; bEV OEropEi'tUl a.nA.roe; E~ro'tEP1lCO yvwplo~a 'til~ Ka'toxile; EVOe; )lOUA.K:tou. 'R KEV'tPlKT} blOilCT)OT) E1tt~aA.A.OVtae; tT}v unoXPEro'tlK'; nEplOb1K'; E1tllCuproOT) 'tile; yatolC'tT)oiae; autil~, Kpa'to\iOE lCui 'to 1l0UA.lCl uno 'tOV EA.enO 'tTJt;· 'EnioTJe; tlIlUaX&iP10T} 'tOU OEV Tt'tuv bta<popE'tlK'; uno aut,;v 'trov bT))looirov Y<ltrov. '0 uouxapepvaf1t~ ElC<ppaSEl t,;V ~·pa'YJ.1a'tlK'; xarrictccn, on bT)Aabrl ~ 'Yil tou 1l0uAKiou TttUV KUt au't,; «)l'; yv,;otO» 1l0UA.lCl, Ilia napoXrl 1tOU OEO)lEUE uovo 'to npootoxo nou rriv ElCavE ('to oouA'tuvo no\) KU~ePVOUOE), &:A.A.0. bEV OEO)lEUE lChOoAou 'toue; bla06xoue; 'tOU, OUt& xui 'ti}v ICEVtP1K'; blOiKTJOTJ·

KATJPOVOJ.ltlC1l 8ta8ox'1l

crk; 'Yaie~ 1tA1lPOU~ lCUptOtTJta~

21. D. lbchiev cAllt za htani

..... 101 E' laves tamye na Karlovskiya tevliyet napisan na 1 den ot M.

Til ~ pra!8 A~rill399)Jt, ("Enpa<pCl 'tl'l~ 1 Saban 't~u hou~ 80 I 0X£nK6. J.lE ........ oto = ~~Cl't~ 'toii l1O\)lE~tA.ii (tevliyet) OlO KapA.o~o), Izvestiya na ~,cb., e. 67h :v~~nt(1,911), ,0.209 !C.t M. T. Gokbilgin, (h., 0. 184 d. G.

n Jl,. 61f '" ltl0l)<; :AvarOAII(6 TpifJla, Sign: F. I, ed. 15110, <p. 5-4.

"Oxo»; dOa)lE, it 60ro)laVlKT} VO)lllCT} nupubooTJ OpiSEt noA.U YEVllCa ta OllCa1W)lUt(l 'to\) lCa'tOXou )lOUA.K:tOO, 'ta onoiu OUviotUV'tal oro OtlCairo)la vd lle'ta~t~o.sEl 'to )lOUA.lCl O'tOue; KA.TJPOVOIlOUe; tOU, vd to nOoA.n KUt vd 'to )lE'tU'tpEne1 OE ~alCouq>l, xropie; Kav£va nEptOplOJ..lO.

MoA.oVOU 'to ~aO\lCO'tEpO btlCairo)la tOU lCatOXOu tvoc; 1l0UAK101) dV<lt it bOVU'tO'tTJ'to. tOU vd blaOE'tEl 'trl ril O'tOue; KA.T)POVOJ..l0UC; tOI). €V'tOU'tOle; Ti npaK'tlKT\ 'tile; lCA.T)POv0J..ltlCile; Otuboxilc; to)\! 1l0l)~lCiO)\' b£v )lVTJ)lOVEUE'tUl Ouxva o'tie; 60ro)laV1K£e; nTJ'YEe;. Ol ,nEPl1t~rooel~ onou anobelKVuEtat on to J..I0UAlC1 nap£IlElvE btl csipc YEV&ro\, oro XEpla )llne; otKoY£VEtae; slvm onavlEe;. l:uvT\O~e; t~ 1l00A~1 YlV~'rav ~alCouq>t )l£oa OE )lEplKEe; bElCuE'tl&e;. '0 MEXlle! IlnE11~· AOYOU ~ap'l_: o Y16e; 'tau Turdpou t)lipT) tile; l:all'l'ouV't<le;, na~e trl~' tnoX11 t~U MEX)lh A' Eva fSjJJ..(Kl Ylo. 'to XroP10 Konu~ t~C; btapX~(lC;_ ~'t&V1J..l~~ XOU (Stanimaka). T61l0UA.Kt auto napEIlEtVE O111v l(atoX11 'tro\. a1toyo

24 M T 188-189, 193.234.282. G ElezO\1C. S.lf .. 0. 1089.

. . . Gokblgin, 6.11'., 0

25. 6.11'., 0. 449.

nMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKlKAIBAKOY~I

'Ayopaaf~; Ela60TJJia TIJi~ T01roBu1[a .16B1]I(£ nOVA~(J1]Ia;
(8ovlaira) afrO tfri 'EYIVf: /JaKow,l
X. Kavaklula alan, l:tpps~ If "xl
I:1A.lltap Zo.yavoc. BaYla~!t A' MElIiEt B' 6xl
Mt:vU:l I-I!lE'1 6.615 X. Ravnik, ~lA.l!l!lOU!lOA.11 BaYla~(t B'
KapuYKl6/; ~!lt'1 4.042 X. Hekimkoy, ~l~U~<'rrElXO MOUpal B' val
200 tOUpA.iKl Ota MaA.yapa val
Moupat A' MElI-lEt B' va!
XlVr!p, Yl6~ tOU Xaoav ~Q1dl 3.500 tOUpUKl ata MUA. yapa Moupdr A' MClIih B'
KourA.ou I-11(E'1 X. Keci, l:1tUpt11 BaYla~h B' 6t1
Mal~out, Yl6~ tOU 'IaqlEVtlYlap 5.948 X. Azizlu, ~l~U~OtElXO BaYI~it B'
>:~uyo~ tOU Tat~fi 1-111&11 ' 'Audceio val
x· » MSlliEt B' ME~t B' 6x1
Ulal-l!lEVtiv oou~!laOTt 1.482 X. Kazgancr, Ergene Mouplit B'
vai
We; toil 'IO,&VtIYlap Malliout !luau, ~E~UP'1~ ~. otO X. Azizlu, ~l~u~6tslXo MSXI-IEt B' l:ouM1I-IUV A' val
~ YIOI; toil I'£YQA.OU 'O~!lP£V MSlIiEt X. Cavus Kui Sucak Pinar, ~l~U~OtElXO BUYIU~it B' val
N~lICIod 'Ax.~h !laou 2.517 10lqlA.iKl Hasan Fakih, 'A~PlUVOU!lOA.'1
BUYlll~it B' 6xl
Ntu~ouVt !luon, ps~uPll~ 5.108 X. talqlA.ba Timurhan, 'A~P1UVOU1tOA.11 BUY1~it B' vai
'All-lh !luau 4.339 X. Kalamice, KWUV11 BUYlU~it B' vaL
Xouoptp ~1t&TJ, aaVt~uK~!lS11~ 4.100 X. Hersek KUl Rus Kay, Kecdvn BUYlU~it B' vai
MouotuqlU talqlA.lKl Ismail bey, "Y1jIaA.u l:ouA.sl~av A' BUYIU~it B' val
X. Bektas, ~l~U~OtElXO Moopdr B' BIlYl~it B' vai
>:~uy6~ tOU 598 X. Tuyica Baladan ICui Timuroglu Monpdr B' vai
MElIiEt 1tUOU 8.655 X. Vrabtsishte ICUt Tumtsovishte, Tetovo BIlYl~iT B' vai
Mouatuqlu 1taou 7.000 ~. ato X. Konus, ~l~u~6tS1XO WUA.s*av A' vai
y\6c; toil 'Iot!vnyulp MElIiEt 1tUOU tal lICl Ka CI, ~l~UI-IOtSlXO l:oUMI~uv A' val
y\6c; tOil Xw't\p TOEUI-I!!fi MElIi&t 1tIlOU X. Doganoglu, K i1agac UA.i~ B' vai
Mqptt .m MElIiEt TOEM~mi 3.000 X· Kirk Ali, MuA. yapu BaYlu~it B' vai
toil Iapo~d !laod MouOtaql<i 1taaa 7.128 X· Baba agac, KuUi1toA.11 BUYlll~it B' vai
lOU Iopo~d ltaoQ MElliE< ~1tE11, VtEq>tEPVtUP11~ X· Zaganoz bey, ~l~u~6tElXO BIlYlU~iT B' vai
.... ,m,., ZIryuv6c; 'loxuIC ~1tE'1 4.655 x· Kiiciik alii ICai 1-1. Haciler, 'A~PlQvou-
lOU M£xptt 1111ttt Kuoil1 !lUOIl 1tOA.11 BaYla~it B' vai
'I~!lpat\1-I 1taou 4.005 X· Yen ice Kay, 'A~PlUVOU1tOA.11 BaYla~it B' vai
Xouapt~ I-I!lE11 , OUVt~UIC~ltE11~ 4.007 x· Balabanlu, ~1~U~OtELXO BaYla~it B' vai
'AM llix XUtouV 7.797 x· Palatinos, KuA.A.i1toA.11 ME~t B' BaYIIl~it B' vai
KE~!lip MEX~Et, Yl6~ tOU 'lad I-11tE11 X· Uzgas, l:ICo~pa MElIiEt B' YOi
Mouatu¢ 1tUOU 8.500 x· Ismirlu, l:ICO~pU BaYla~it B' YOi
KOt~u Xwrip II1tE11 1.240 loupA.iICl Koca, KEOUVll BaYI~it B' vai
KOt~u Mouata!pu 1taOU 2.500 x· Musliheddin, 'Al)PluVOU7tOA.11 BaYla~it B' BaYla~it B'
MoUOta¢ 7taou 7.128 x· Kadi, ~lliUIiOtElXo BaYl~it B' Bayta~it B'

X: XOlPlO, 11: I1S~pu~ MOYAKlKAIBAKOY$I

IEn: ITHN OeOMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA AfronK.£I l:XE

1tpa~w; elver (mavu:e; IlE'ta 't"V E1tllCpa'tllo1'\ 'tou 'tlllapi ~

, 'I ' 9' t" O\J, 0\JV10tO\)_

onv Illa 1tOIl.U cuvn tcrIlEvll1tpaK'tllc" roe; EKElVll mv €rt0'Y ' '1..):,

, ,<;: - A 'I' _ 'I 11.1'\, ~t t..,al-

peen mv nspiooo 'tlle; .... aolll.uae; roo Bayl(l~it B' .

'E1tE18", ol ,IlEAh~e; 1tOU ~Xouv y~V~l Yla 'to 8E~a aUtO Mv 0xoAwI;;ouv apKE'ta 'to OUXVo <pUlVO~EVO 1:1'\e; EAEu8Ep1'\C; ayopa1twAnoiar ~

'I ' "" 'I ... t(J)V

1l0~II.Kl,roV -o'tryv OUOla 1t~~KEl'ta,l Yla 81'\~00ta Yt;- 1tapa8Eto\)~

crov mvcxc 1tOU aKoAou9E1 optousvn 0't01xEia 1tOU a<popoiiv tstotou d80ue; ayo pa1troAll OiEe;.

I:'tov 1tapa1tavro nivoxu 1tapouOtaoallE 6plo~Eva uovo ototXEia a1to 'to 1tAt;90e; 1tOU u1tapxouv yui 'tic; ayopamoA1'\oiEC; ~otJAKi(J)v. "000 OJ.lroe; Ev8E1KtlKa xt liv elver, a1tOKaAU1t'tOUV on, xui Kata t1\v 1tEpi080 au't", it 81aKi.vlloll J.lEpOUe; 'trov 01l1l00irov yalrov yttav tAtU- 9EPll· To paOtKO ollroe; Epro't1'\lla 1tOU AOY1Ka tieE'tat o1'\Aa81\ 1tota slvat it 0XEoll 'tOi) Eto08tlJ.la't0e; ~E 't"v nJ.l" Tfic; yt;c;, ~EVEl ava1tav'tll'tO AOYro EAAEt\jflle; 1tAllPO<poptrov. Elver aA.,,8ua on ~EPlKa tEK~1\pta ava<pEpouv 'to do08llJ.la 'tt;e; yt;e; Kai aAAa 't"v 'tl1l1\ 't1'\C;' AEl7tO\)V oi 1tllYEe; 1tOU m:ptEXOUV ouYXpovroc; Kai 'ta Mo olOtxEia. "Etot, 1tPE- 1tEt vd apKEo'toi)IlE OE U1t09EOE1e; 1tOD o't1'\pil;;oV'tat OtO IlEOO Eiooo1'\Ila tvoe; 6P10llEVOU 'tU1tOU yalOK'tll0tae;.

I:'tOV nivuxu 1tapa'tllpouIlE on it J.lEOll <pEOuoaAlK1l 1tpOOOOOC; tvoe; 'tot<pAudou slvct of: 1.500 1tEpt1tOU a01tpa Kat it 1l0V1'\ nll1\ 1tcOAll0lle; 1tOU yvropil;;oullE <p'tavE1 'ta 3.500 a01tpa. 'H IlE01'\ 1tpOOO()Oe; tvoe; XroPlOi) slvor 1tEpi1toU 3.700 ao1tpa, EVro ol nllf:C; X(J)PlOU 1tOU elver J.l0uAKt (oUIl1tEptAaJ.l~aVoIlEvrov Kai trov IlEl;;paorov roo) KUllaivovrui a1to 43.000 roe; 175.000 a01tpa28• Autoi ol IlEOOl OPOl 1t0\) EK<ppal;;ouv 1tOAU Xov8ptKa 'ttl 0XEoll 'tt;c; <pEOuoaA1Kt;e; 1tpooooou ~E 't"v tlJ.l" 'tfje; yfje;, Ilae; 68llYOUV Ot"V Ka8apa AOY1K" U1t08E01'\ ~tl it yt; 'tou 1l0uAKi.ou li~tl;;E 10 roe; 40 <pO pEe; 1tEptOOO'tEPO a1to t1\v £tllOla

<pEOu8aAtK" npooodo 1tOU a1tE8tOE29• "

'H a1tav'tT]Oll oro epro'tT]J.la liv oi ayopa1troAllOlEC; IlEyaA.(J)v EKta-

_'llK'ft1pa1tCllATicria troy ~o\)A.Ki(J}v

't61Cpci'tO<; tIXE t"V \jill,." KUptotll'ta ~'ta ~Eoa 1t~payro:fje; ('tTJ et tyopaX(J)I..11cri&C; yalrov OEV yivov'tav ~AEu8Epu: E1to~&vroe;, it .ullftllm,lu tOW 68r0lluvrov <p&ouoapxrov KUt tlllaplOuxrov S&V dXav __ aav ayopacrouv ~ va 1tOUA"oouv yfj IlE SlKTJ 't~ue; ,:pro'tOpo~"E't01. t6 aXOKI..&tcrtlKO 1tPOVOlllO 'tfje; xutuvoun; rev npooo- 1106 a~o\Ot it yfj, ota ~tl..ll 'tlle; <pEOuouAlKfje; 'ta~T]e; avfjK& otriv UYtp\1C1\ o\oitc:llOll. ot n~uplOuXOl oEv yt'tav oE etall v~ uU~TJaou~ "doo61\~'tU roo; 1tOUl..cOV'tUC; t" yt; Ilt tov 1tUpUyroylKO 1tA1)9uaJ.l0 't1K- ·H apt1\ aUt", o~(J)C;, taxu& 1l0VO YlU 'tie; yui&e; 1tOU oivo,v't~v hem ~P&(J\mv, (1)l..ao" 'ta tlllUptU. Ol KUPlOt 1l0uAKi.rov, a1to rnv z1.eopQ 'to~, &lXav aXOAUtll EAEu9Epiu va 1tpoXropTJaouv at 1tpa;&te; -(R)V~V'tQV ~t t" ~&ta~i~aall 'tmv YUlroV roue, Moxovon 'tE'tot&e;

alitMihi 28. rui t~v a~iu to\) l)oU1(atOU (30 a(11tpu) ~A. Z. Karamursal. Osmanh,m ~A

hakJanda tetkikler, ("EPEUV&t; crX&tlKU lIt niv 69(t)IlUVlKt) O!KOVOl'lKt) {(Jtopla), yKU-

pn 1940, cr. 4. ~ 392, 29. M. T. Gokbilgin, o.fr., cr. 89.408,282, 289,173.321. 329.297.230,40~t 6~ (J 118,235,243, 507,494,443,438,429,435.418,417.381,444.450. G. Elezo , .. , . 127-144.713. BA. 'AVarOA.IKO Tuiipa, Sign: Istanbul.Defterhane, Vakufi.

.. M T. Gokbilzjn, 6.1f .• o. 241, 330, 407, 408,187, 175,33,403,437,44.

%1 H ~~lu !tou cicpopd ni I1E'tUtpomi to\) Ilouhiou crt ~UKO\)(Pt lcrxUEt 'Yla at Ik~ !lOA-U lttPt006'tEPO, 'Y1(1 t~ OCUt&Pll 1&VtU tOW Ku't6X(t)v !louAb, (1 424,407,392,507.443,417.381,329,450, 128,408,341,412,397. AMrroA.lK6 TpiJpa, Sign: lstanbul-Defterhane, Vakufi, 890 g.),

123

AfPOTIKEI IXEIEIl: I:THN 00QMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY$I

31. G. Elezovic, a.fT., cr. 93 ,c./:.

125

MOYAKI KAI BAKOY<l>I

1tPE1tEt va OEX'tOUJ.1E on, b('to~ ano 't~v napaVOlln aov .l. _

- J.. K 'M '>:' ... ·1 rOP", tCDV parti

yatc;>v, u Ef,l1t~P EXJ.1NE't ut~npa~E, Kat liU .. ll 1tapavof,lia: OllA.a.&q

J.1E'tE'tpE\jIE OllJ.1o<nE~ yatE~ crE ~aKou<pt ~ Ka'tOpOc.oaE va Q:

- , {-' r vaYV(Opl-

croov ncpcvouo 0 yat.E~ aU'tE~ o)~ «J.1~ yv~crtO» f,lOUA.Kl.

EIv~t. a~t.~crllJ.1d~'to ,O~l oi 1tE~t.1t'tWcrEt~ 1tOU ava<pepaf,lE OJ.1oLCisouv cs noA.A.a crllJ.1Et.a J.1E o,n a.pyo'tEpa ~A.£1tOUJ.1E va cruJ.1~atVtl a a EJ.1~OpWJ.1a't,t.Ka 't~t.<pA.iKt.a n~u O~J.1t.OUPY,~OllKav at OllJ.1ocrlt~ ya.i~~. L'ta na~aOEt.YJ.1a~a J.1a~ A.?tnov,_onc.o~ K,al J.1E'taYEvtcr'tEpa, 0 <PtOuOclpXll~ 1tOU a.noK'toucrE 0llJ.10crta Yll o)~ J.10UA.Kt ~'tav crllJ.1atvov 1tpOaCD1tO, a.1toyovo~ 'tT]~ mo icrxupT]~ 'tOUPKtKT]~ oiKoY£Vtta~ crriv 1ttPtOx~ 'trov LK01tirov. To 'ttA.tu'taio au 'to cr'totXcio E~llyd 'ti~ noUt~ 1tapa'tu1t~ npa~tt.~ 'tOU 'Icra J.1nEll Kai tOU ytOU rou. 'Entcrll~, J.11tOPOUJ.1E va 8tc.opricouue oto0J.1BVO on 6 KEJ.1nip MEXJ.1£'t dxt Kat ttJ.1aplo a't~v 1ttpt.OX~ 'troY LK01tirov, yt.a'ti uovov it toto'tll'ta 'tou ttJ.1aplc.O'tll 'tOU E1tt'tPtns vd a.nal'tti xapatcrt. a.no tou~ XroptKOU~. L1EV dXE OJ.1c.o~ Kavtva otKairoJ.1a vd Ka'tacrXEt. xropa<pta Kai A.t~aot.a cr't~v nEpt1ttc.ocrll1tOU ol <popot. EJ.1tVav anA.~protOl. 'A1tA.oucr'ta'ta, J.1E 't~v 1tpa~ll au't~ 1tapa~tast 'to V0J.10 onro~ Kat o'tav 0llJ.1lOUpYOUcrt 'to i010J.10P<PO J.10UA.Kt rou,

Ilpsnst f:nicrll~ va crllJ.1EtwcroUJ.1E rriv «av'taA.A.ay~» yauiw 1tOU fKa.vav J.1E'ta~u rooc ol KatOX0t. J.10UA.Ktrov, it 6noia OEV a.va<pEpttat crov Ispo VOJ.1o· <paivttat OJ.1ro~ on lJ1tT]PXE au't~ it Suvcrornrc. Oi 1tA.llPOoopte; J.1a~ elver cr1tOpaot.KE~, Xropi~ OJ.1ro~ auto vd crllJ.1atVtl on ttrote; 1tpa~tt~ ~'tav nupdvouec. "Erot 6 LOKOA.OU MEXJ.1Et 1tacra~ «Q:VtaA.A.a~t» 'to J.10UAKt tOU oro L1EA.~tVO J.1E xropla at~ vonc BouA.ya.pta35• To iotO EKaVt Kat 6 'AXJ.1Et 1tacra~ XtpcrtK-SClV'tt J.1t 'to J.1ouht tOU oro xropt.o Akbunar" K.a. ot KatOxot J.1OUA.KifDV d~ClV 'to Ot.Ka.~ roJ.1a f:nicrll~ vd f:KJ.1t.cr6wvouv 'ti~ yCltt~ roix. '0 aClv'tSClKJ.11ttll~ tOU Tcnpusv, A.0You xapll, f:KJ.1icr6rocrt o ' tVClV npc.Ollv crKA.a~o 'tOU Nt~~ouv't nacra 'to J.10UA.Kt. tOU oro Karaagac Pinar yta 350 lia1tpa EtlJcrtro~. '0 ytO~ tOU, nou rov otaoEx611Kt, aVClvErocrE 'to cruJ.1~oA.ato37.

n PIOXr7

1~

17 It 22 .. 6 II

8 »

~ 6 II

~l Ilk ICClPlXS~ ~ (~ 8lEUlCpiVlOTl) "-"l - .. UUA.alClU

rtt - 2 II

nt ~ 8lEUlCpiVlOTl)

»

L't~V Otushitsa Kui Teharec ~VU~ 6A.6rcATJPO~ ).6- ~ QVU~EOU o'to6~ no'tu-

~o~ Rakovitsa Kui Vardar

Ziokouchan Mt 'tltAO uno tov OIi~o6p TOE-

AE~m\ Kui I:OUAEi:~uv ~ntll Ol ytOi 'tou Ilsrpoo

'I~uv Kui Ilstxo, YlOi 'tou Pdvn«; Kui nnOt nmo'tot MiAo~ Boui:'to~~ Kui of ytOi 'tou Brrouip

'I~av uno 'to Radotintsi"

LIC61tlU Krpnja Poroji

Leskovajina, Tetovo Mala Retchitsa Tetovo

Krpnja Trepocha

!ltv QVU«PtPEtUt

!ltv a.VU«ptPEtUt

Teharec Otushitsa It

!ltv QVa«ptpEtat

~ - 4 uUAUlCta Zhivo Kiitutse

rtt. All!'8l, 8ci(J~ Kopanitsa

.,.. - .. uilAQaa

»

KE~UV

!ltv UVU«ptPEtUt

»

Xwrtp PaV'tvtt~ !ltv UVUq>tPEtUt

Ka'tOtKOt trov X. Zabel, Pola-

titsa, Saradjinitsa

!ltv UVUq>tPEtUt

!ltv UVUq>tPEtUt 'AV'tUAAUX91lKE ~t to xc.opaq>t

'tOU Lill~t;'tpll Ko~at~ !l1l~Eu91lrcE uno to ytO tOU Poooiv StOtt Sty nAt;pc.ooE to xupu'tOt.

Ol YlOi tOU MnuAu~nuv Milutin

) Kou'tooP(l~OTJ Nto~npooAa~ !lEv UVUq>tPEtat

I.crtavxitv, 1tPE1tEt va crllf,lttwaouJ.1t on 6 f3a1(ouq)VaJ.1&~ 8EV a.V<l<pE- 6n t6 1Cpcit~ 1tapaXwPllaE fSj.JA{ICVaJ.1& ~ ~OUA.Kt. LUVE1tro~, ea

34. Hr. Hristov, «Nyakoi problemi na prehoda ot feodaJizma kum kaPit.:a; istoriyata na Bulgariya», (Zllt~~uta 'tfi~ ~OUAyaptlcfi~ ia'topia~ y\U t6lttpa~ q>&OUSUAtO~O OtOV rcunt'taAtoJ.l6), Istoricbeski Ptegled XVIII3, a. 86 d.

35. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.fr., o. 508.

36. a.fr., cr. 287.

37. a.fr., cr. 411.

AvdAoysc; K&P\JttcOOEt~ ~1tOPOU~E VU ~pOU~E crE nAAou<; ~urcouq>vu~tSE~ H.lIleahki, M. Mehmedovski, Tri vakufnami na Kachanikli Mehmet To(j Ka~aruk.h Mehmet pasa), Lrcomu 1958, cr. 72-73.

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

K tXElEIl: nHN oenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

l._tn· (1COtOX01 J.10UA.1Cirov)

, -v 1tPOVOlitroV 1t00 dXa.v ol KOptOt J.lOUA.Ktrov

.. 1U'Il ~pa 'tro r , - ,

J.l! ta dvtiO'tOlXa 'tOW ftllaptOoxrov), ;OU~ O'U'YKP~'tEt .~E

..... '" _ lIf.oa ernv 68rolla.vtK1l KOtVroVta.. E{x.av ot mulk

mp6)J1a ,..... 'I , '.t S - " ,

__ ail1m tO~ K01vroVlK1l 'tau'to'tll'ta.;., fta vc ~1tav'tll st 'to EP,ro-

xpetcil;ovtat, Elva.t a.A.1lSEta., ?A.A.OU 't~1tOU ~A.llPO~OPtE~ ~~'.?]- •.• ~ , ~O\)IIE' roO''tOO'O ollro~, ru O''tOlXEta. 1tOU bWSE'tOUJ.lE

'IOU C#I- ... " , , S'

MoUo\a Kai Il1tOPOUV vd Ila~ Ka.'ta.'tO.1ttO'~uv a.p~E'ta. 0''t0 , sun

Pli01l A.ot1tOv 'ta bEbOJ.lEva. Ila.~, ot miilk sahlblen x.ropt~OV-

~ ~~ lC6p~ Ka'tllyopiE~: , _ "

t M£AH THI AYNAITEIAI. Ot 1toA.UaptSJ.lE~ 'YUVatKE<;, 'Y1.Ot, KO-

lyyOv\a Kai yall1tpoi 'tOU <JOUA. ttivou a.1tO'tEA.OUO'av au'tObtKa{ro<; ~ J.l£yaA.ll ollaba 0''t00<; KOA.1tOU~ 'til<; 6SroJ.laVtKil~ lipXouO'a<; d, 61tmc; <pa.ivE'tat <J'ta m't~iA.ta., a.vaq>£pov'tat O'ux.va <.O~ KatlOOlKi.mv, 1tapOA.o 1tOU uepucol a1tO a.u'tOU~ (KUptro~ oi bUlbOwi ooultavtKOU Bpovoo) dXa.v Kat xama.. "Erci, 'Yta 1tapubEthi tiK paotA.da.<; 'tOU MeXIl£'t B' , Tt Lin Xuvoou Kat Tt fKlOUAXcrto6v, a6~uy01. 'tou oouA.tavou Kat oi Mo, Tt KOPll roo 'AIO'E .... mi ol mOVE<; roo Xuvi Xurouv Ka.t 'Aiv] Lax. xe-eov, 6be; J.lOuA.lCta. MOUA.K1.a dXa.v Ka.t ol e~t KOPE~ 'tou Ba'Y1.a~it o I.ooldJUlv 1tapaxc.oPll<JE 1l0UA.K1.a. O''to 'Y1.0 roo MEXJ.l£'t, O''tllv ftf;L:, .... 'tOO N'tt~Ut l:ax l:ouA.'tav, O''tllv KOPll roo M1.x.p1.J.lUx. Kat roo X1.0Ulla l:ax. 'E1tiO'l1<;, <>Uo KOpE<; 'tOU LEAill B' .... ma38• 9ci 1l1t0pou<JaIlE vd a.Va.q>EPOUJ.lE Kat 1tOAA£<; liA.AE~ apt1t'tcOO£t<;. "EXOUlle &1tt1tAEOV 1tapa 1tOA.A£<; 1tATlPoq>opi.. tllI!iIIfi~ .06 dlav 1tapalroPllSEi 0'£ 'YaJ.l1tpou.<; 'trov O'ouA'tu-

40. H. Hadjibegic, «Kanun-nama ... », 0.1(., 0. 320-321 .

41. M. T. Gokbilgin, 0.1(., 0. 242, 248, 253, 334, 391, 403,409,417,429,432, 435,

456, 502, 504, 506, 508.

42. 0.1(., 0. 238, 242. 43.0.1(.,0.261,417,436,440,448.

44. 0.1(., 0. 241, 329.

45. V. N. Gordelevski, 0.1(., 0. 218.

K1MA IKH AY10KPATOPIA

_---

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~1

--_

11 a 1\ yl} r \)~ "'EtCH, 6 MiXarlA. KO~I.v~v?~ TtV n PlOXTt 'tl}~ f KlOlJ~.lO\)A. t~iva~ (Kouomvn ro~

M X~ r 8 46. ,

_L.~LJ.C"-. nOA.A.Ol no wt!~ mulk . ahibleri TJ1:av (H~anronKo~

Q a rnv nEplOoo rmv KutaK'trl<H:roV. "EtO'~ 1t?,A.A.Ot {~'tO~tK~t _.~poVtal an yalEe; nov ~Ol!AKtWV Ut)'twv ~t 'tOY ?PO gaz~ mulk, . ..... .0.-._.- II av 'fa ~OUAKlU trov 'EPpEVOe;, Tt~oup'tae;, ra~T) MtxaA apA.t~avtt AaAU 'AA.rl ~l.1ttl} Kat CiA.A.roy4~.

6 I ()OPOI AEIUMATOYXOI THI: Y'¥HAHI: flYAHI: KAI TON OYAT NIKON <lIPOYPUN. '0 OOuA.tUVOe; EOEtXVE rriv Euvot<i rou

ci ~ AT) «ov 5ta<popwv (HrT)PEotWV 1tpoa<ptpov'tue; roix ytl· Kurd n)v 1t&pio()o 7tOU t~E'tU~OUJ.lE, 'tU npocomc aU'ta A.U~~avav rturipur <JmVla Kai xut ' l:~aip£oT). "Erot, 'to ~OUA.Kt uovo l1'tav 6 'tU1tOe; yatO- 1Ctll<Jlac; 7tOU ~7topouO'av va U1tOK'trlOOUV. "E~OU~E O'UY~E~'tP~O'Et ltOAAQ (H01XEia yui 'ta 1l0UAKta 'twv vn:<p'tEpv'taPll8rov ('trov u1tw8uV{J)v tTic; OlKovolltKTie; U1tllPEO'tae; 'ttle; au'toKpa'tOpiac;), 'twv mir ebuti Kai mit $ikari, 6ptOllEVWV uvron:pwv u~tw~a'touxrov 'twv YEVt't?aptKii>V oWllatrov, bta<pOprov U1tll PE'troV 'tou 1taAanou 11£ a.yvroO'~Ee; ap~..?O\O'tl\tEe;, UKolla Kat ttie; 'tPO<POU 'tou oouA'tavou, 'tOU yta_'t~,ou K~t :0)':' ltu\oaywyrov 'trov 7tat8trov 'tOU49• ' A~tsEt vd Ollll~tro8£t ~'tt cvm ~ Otlaoo trov miilk sahibleri, Kat U>,tai'tEpa O,t U7t21P£'t£~ tOU ~aA.anou (bpi kullu), KatEtxaV 0llllavnKo xococro tou OUVOAOU tWV ~OUA-

MV. , e

1. TO IEPATEIO. 'EK't6e; U1tO 6pto~tvalltAll 'tou uvw't£~ou tspc-

ui.oo ltO\) i\'tav ~1ti.olle; KU'tOXOt ~OUAKirov (01tWe; ol K~saO'KEPlloE5' ~ x~ ti\~ . Aoplavo\)7tOAlle; Kai. tile;· Krovo't.avnvou_n0Alle; ~at ~t poll~)SO, 1'\ IlquAll1tAEtO'Vllq>i.a 'twv ~ouAKirov uVllK£ croix O'E1-

XT}O£e; Kat 'tOU~ OEPPtO'T)OE~51. Td J.lOUI-Klct ctina Kui a Il.~ ,

s: A'S: • '\ - • s: ' t pu.K

osppionoerv unorcaououv totutrspq Ka't'lyopia OlO ~6

e - , - • s: - ~ , 'tl, I\. yO) t

~OU rou; Kat nov sioixev I\.EltOUpytwv Kctl '\Ictpctnn

_ ''\' j: A. 'IPtOtllC(I)V t

O'UYK~?1OUV ~l~ 'tE~:lCJ)~ "'aExroptO''trl 6~a&ct. 'E1ttnA£OV, ol JCCl'tOX

rou; oev ~1tOpOUV vo t.v'tax OOV O''ti<; o~a8f.~ nou uva1ntpa _.L

s: ' , r • s: ' "I" J.lE JUlPUlN

voi, oion nupouotucouv tounrepu KOtvroVtKu XctPctKt'lPtO'tlKa .

, "A ~ E~al~tO'ou~E 'trl~ 'tEAE~taia Kcttl}yopict, of ()JtoAOlnt~ dval E~<pctVEe; on EK7tPOO'o)1tOUV 1tAT}PO)~ Kat E~ OA.OKArlPOtJ P1V ap'Vo

'j: ~' , A ' 'I A. ooa

ta",T)., ne; 1tT):£e; ~a<; ,pPl~KOU~f. 7tOAAa o'tOtXEict nOll OOl}yOOV ot6

OU~~Ep~O'fa_ Ott O'~oue; KOAnOUe; 'tOU O'tPW~ct'tos ctinou, nov miilk sahlb!en, U1tT)~xav ov't~~ 6~lo~Eva K~tV(J)VtKU O''tEyctva. Ta J.L£A'l tou O'uvo£Ov'tav Il£ O£O~Oue; uuiuroq Kat UYX,to'tEias Kctt ~ttct~i~av O'1O~~ K~1J~OVO~OU5 'tOU~ OX~ ~OVO~ 'ta npovouiu nou dXctv a't~ ril uAAa xut tT} Suvcrornm 1tap£~paO'll~ rou; O'tts Kpct'ttKES unoeta&~.

, Oi 1tpwtE~ ~£yuAEe; OiKOytVElE~ miilk ssliibleti nou Kct'tdxav tau- 1Oxpova, (J7tOUOaiE<; aEO'£t~ crriv 7tOAt'ttKrl Kat otpctn(J)nK~ OLOi1CTlO'T) 'ttl<; aU'toKpatopia~, ot.a~op<pWellKaV tov KatpO 'twv npWtO)v Karcxniosmv. O{ piSE~ tWV OiKOY£VEtWv 'twv 'EPPEVOSS2, MtxaAoylou, MapKo'tO'oYAOU, TouPXavoYAou, TO'av'tapA~53 Kal tOU rtyit naociS4 uvayov'tat 0" au't11v 'trlV E1tOX~. TO. ~tAT} roix OlcttrlPT}O'ctV TllV 7tpovO~taK11 'to Us atO'll crri OwtKT}O'll tOO xpdrou; nspiooorepo (boo Evavaiwva. "OAE<;, Xropi~ E~aip£O'T), ol 1tapctnav(J) OiKOYEVEt&~ dxuv o'trlV Ka'toX11 rou; ~EyaAa ~oUAKta nOll ta aU~T}octv ~t 't~v ayopQ Kal vsoiv yalwv if 1tOAAE<; ,<pO pte; ~t rriv np0O'ap'tl}oT} yauIw nou avijKuv O't X(J)PlKOU~. "Eroi, OEV ~'tav 1l0VOV KUPWt 'twv ~oUAKi(l)v 1(00 tO~ dX£ 1tapaXroPrlO'Et il K£VtptKrj OW1Kl}0ll UAAa noM ~&'YaAOt&pc1)v EK'taO'£rov ytl~. IlapaAAT)Aa ~t 'ti<; yaiE<; cto'tt~, pae~lata antlCt1}O'UV 0ll~aivovta POAO O''trl srorj 'tile; nOAl}e;, ayopa~ovta~ noA.o J.1&1~ EKtUOEt~ aO'tlKWV UKtv11'trov: EKcttOVtaOt<; ~ctya~ta, ano9fjlC~, mrinc, oT)~oota Aou'tpa, KapaPaV-O'Epaytct Kctt aAAa. ·EnoJ.Ltv~, ot KG't0XOt ~ouAKi(J)v XPT)ot~o7totOuO'av ta Xpll~ata noo otyyx:&Vtpe)Vuv

46. M. T. Gokbi1gin, 6.n'., a. 89.

41 B. Tsvetkova, ((Pozem1enite ... », (j.n'., a. 165.

'" G. E1ezovic, 6.1r., a. 7 K.t. M. T. Gokbilgin, (j.n'., a. 201. 6. L. Barkan, «Toprak ~ ... lb, 6.1r. 0.412. D. lhchiev, «Akt ... », (J.n'., a. 208-216. '0 Gokbilgin )..uv9u__ tv6ya\ 't6 \10\».lCl a.i)'to ata 'X.pOVtU ti'\:; ~ualAdu:; tou BUytu~it B'. B)... M. T. 811_ .... 6 .... e. 349.

.,. I. .. , G 438,390, SIS, 426, 435-436, 224, 437,414, 331, 332,415, 323, 324, 488, ""'h ~ va. ~p&90\iv to. 1l0llA.KtU 1(Oll Qvi'jICUV atOll:; «Qq>OO'lCJ)IlEVOU:;». B)... 136.

e 417,2&9,502.

51. (J.n'., 0'. 198, 199,266-295,325,390,455-456 .

52. I. H. Uzuncarsih, «Evrenos», Islam Anslklopedisi IV, o. 414.

53. Tou tlhou, «Candarh», Islam Ansiklopedisi III, e. 351.

54. G. Elezovic, (J.n'., 0'. 13, 27, 29 ".t

El:EI1: l:THN oeOMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA AfPOTlKU 1:

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY$I

q>0PT\. • A v·d.Otta ~o.AlO"ta, oi Ko.tOXot 1I0tlA.K' "1 _

'I ' ,,').., t' tOW avel\.U~av 1tntNr

~OUl\.tte; Kat )'ta tT\V t.1tEKtaOT\ trov )'atrov tour UA. 'I' • " I""'~

s: • ''1 'I" ~ I\.a Kat '(la tlr lI~eo

uoue; EKlittaI\.I\.WOT\e; tOue;. H OU~~tto'Vn to\) r s: ' ~ ,.... -

, , • " A. 'I C; OtT\ utOtKT\crn too

xputouq rou; t1tttPE1tt va XElPlOtOUV ~E 1tOtKtA.Otl' , 'I _

.t' " , " C; tP01tO\)<; tu; 'Vall'r

roue, u1tO roue onoiouc optousvoi elver 8uvato vel I :-" Kat 1tapo.vo~ot.. xapaKtT\ptcrtO\)V

Ilupd tT)V OiKOVO~tKT) Kat 1tOAttt.KT) MVallTI nou .,.' "

'I ' " , , t"1 ",txav Ot KatOXOt

1i0UI\.KU.oV, ore xpOVta 1tOU E~Eto.~OU~t, Tj KEvtptKn ()' {

" , s: ' " 'I lOtKT\crT\ & X&

cxouc tTl ouvnrorntu va rou; aVtlto.aaEtat. To Kpo.tOr ' .

, ')..1: r 'T • ~, yta va n&pl-

optcsi tu; t.~OUCTt.te; 1tOU ttXav a1tOKtT)OEl oi miilk sehibleri ,

r , I: _ " en, crtT\pt-

X:~KE otT\~ ta~T\ troy 01t~X~orov, oi 01tOlOl roc; to tEA.OC; tou loo\)

uuovc Katttxav 0T\liavnKT\ OEaT\ OtT) ~roT) tile; autoKpatopia 'A '

, "'I 'I 'I " s: <;. ltO

rnv ~I\.I\.~ 1tJl.;wpa, T\ ,q>eouu~AtK~ a~lO"toKpatia 8EV dX& 1axuPOltOltl-

est tt~ OEOtte; tT\<; OE ~aOlio ltO~ vo ~1to.?Ei vd uVtlltapa·taxOd crtO~ ltOAUaplf)lioue; uucpou; tt~aplrotE<;, OUtE dXE f:8patwOEi f:ltapKOOC; OtOV xpunxo ~T\xavlO"Jlo dicrs vd i;U)'XEl tT)V Elcro(5o n~apto)toov 0:0 8tOtK11ttKO JlT\XaVlOJlO tile; mrroxpuroptac. Ft ' auto UKPt~&<; to AOYO, 1tPOKEtJlEVOU vd 8tatT\pT)ott tT)V ti;ouaia ltOU dXE ~(5T\ UltOKtT)OEl, ava)'Ko.crtT\Kt vd ava~T\tT)OEl tP01tOUC; )'tel vel lta)'tC.l>crEt Kai vo. ti;aoq>aAicrEl to KA11POVOJltKO ol.Kaiw~a trov npovouirov tT\C; attl ratoxrnoiu. no. tT)V f:opairooT) t11e;, Tj aVEPXOJlEVT\ q>EOuoaAtKtl UPlGtOxpuriu XP11crlJloltoi110E crE JlEyo.AO ~aO~o tT)V 01tapi;11 ),atoov ltAtlPOU<; KUplOt11"Cae;, 01tOU Tj 1tapEJlPa011 tile; KEV"CptKilC; ti;ouaiac; ";tav xspioptousvn.

n!bpopa tmpa to tt~aptWnKO auOt11l.1a, oi tlJlaptrotte; dXav ·, •• ra.k Ofn.o9ml~V1l aXEa11 ~E to. I.1Eaa 1tapa),ro),fj<;, !1ev 1.11t0- .. dvtl1l't6!;ouv Kal.1to. 1tprotopouAia Oto. t1l.1o.Plo. roue, sq>' 1Mq)\~ ~o\)cria EIXE tT)V EuOuV11 tfje; OtaXetptcr11<;, tOV .. 6pta tf\e; rile; roue. 'Eoro, t~o.AAOU, PptcrKEtat Kat 6

....... ta.; ltO\> !ouxvav ol £K1tPOcrroltOl tOu tll.1aptrottAbtA.a a' autOue; \mfjpxav ol Ko.tOXOt I.10UAKtroV teemiXClv tKtacrEt<; yto. 1tOAAo. xpovla. 'H OlKT) 'tOU<; __ wn <ml yatoKt11aia oev ~1topd vd xapaKt11 ptcrtEt aOlo.-

To ~a1(ouqn

To ~aKouq>t slvm Evae; icrAa~lKo~ OEaI.10C; ltOU ~EAEt11a"K& 1(0).6. To EVOlaq>Epov 1tOll EXEl KlvT)crn Oq>EtAE"CUt oro XapaKtT)pa tOU &<JI.loU autou' npoxsrrm Ylo. «uidivic» KtT)aT\. AutoC; sivm Kat 6 KUPl~ MlyoC; 1tOll crti.c; paKouq>tKEe; ),alEC;, of q>eou8aAtKSC; CJXEaE1C; -if ta mttiAOt1ta trov q>EOuoaAlKrov crXEcrEWV- EltSST\aav at ltOAA.tC; icrA.QJ11.riC;

XroPEC; ~EXPt 1tOAll 1tpocrq>ata57•

00 ytv 1

n {V~l-

..... l.inl<J& 4vaA.o-

iIH. __ IMI* ~l mv !Cal voUIfPO~ tO~, J,1£ to

....... quo ... ta Kl0 aKouOOia, yui va

_.111 " ...,ra ,ol) geaJ.1Ou autou. 1;\)YKt-

..... ,...IOGI " t~pua1l kvoC; paKooq>iou' ..... "IV ot t3puttc; paKouq>irov' ti tiSO\)C; ...... _IGIIV cn{c; pa!Couq>\!C£C; yaitc;· ltOl£C; ..... -~t.; 1~' ROlli Otaa1l t1lPOUOt ~ KtV,. ~\1C1\ t~\OKT110ia K.t.A. 'H J,1tAtt'l __ t8mpGKciv(J) ~1lniJ,1ata PpioKttalltO~ 4ll(J)v J,10UOouAJ,1aVtKrov Kai iotat... _ ~v lpSou&1A.uci'lc; yatoKtllotac;. IloAAa

.~._DDv -r6 I!kJ1COUcp\ ~'Xt\ ltapaJ,1tAtlCftt Kat ~ J,1ap~t... ,.,,, ko{u 4010A1'1811Kt J,1E ti} J,1tAEt1l tOU nuc___ "1'ci t6v QKAOOotatO AOyO Ott auto (mOttAEi,

_ lIJC. tI\V lvocip1C(J)Oll tOU 6eroJ.1aV1Koi) q>EouoaAl0J,10U. O1lJlSUI,&i on OP10J,1tVOl iOtOP1KOt, KUpt(J)t;

l.48c:x; puo1l ni J.1tAEtll tOU SEJ.1atOC; autou (mootpcncoucp{ou J.1UCPOttpll onunoin altO auti}v ltOU .1 .... _ &00 0 lh:poe; OUVtllP11ttKOC; xapaKttlpac; tOU 1\ 1CClA.unp11 altOOE1~ll tOU YEV1Ka _aVtlO,pac:nKOU

".,_ICSOuA.IWoV lCIDV <ptoUOaAtlCrov StOJ.1CilV xm tOU avapoo<K>uA.J.1Qv\1Ciie; KupiapXll~ <pEO~OaAt1Cfi,C;, td~ 4vucptpt\ on Otie; aPXtC; tOU 160u cievc,

• _IVC iva dmlJ.1aVto ltOOOOtO troy yatrov :fic; 'E1C\KAtOV OllJ.1t1.cOVt1. on altO E1CttVTJ IlflOU:fKL ot pa1Coucp\de; yaite; otv J.1lt?pOUoa~ t. •• IIlGIpc:,\)Vtav ma yaite; J.10UA1C1.(J)V, xou yui ~v topu011 tOU ~a1C0\}<piouS8.

()u)c; 9ci ou(JtO~

~ va &ropo~ Otl t6 .

.00 oovhElvav atllv mI .. ., .

l(J)pil)v»~. l:tt;v Jtpay'IJQ'C:1XOC1It .. aouJ.1t ato (3aKOlxp\ tqv "'~ __ fl tvtOUtOlC; oltOttA.d l ,pcICJ1t Uk ......

'A~i~tl va O'lJ.1&\ro9ti on " tkllC:OO(I'" o1toq>amOrtKU tt;V dKova tf\c; 08e __ ac

ae; tOV 150 Kai 160 aici>va, oWo6u O'lJ,1aVtlKt; SeOll OtO OOO'tllJ.1U 'tot) ~ __ Aa~OUJ,1t ~1tOIjf'l on ta lama taD CJOIM.1I_.~ rpito troy KataKt'lJJ.£v(J)V t~v" _ rpiro", elvar q>avtpo Ott ytd 'ta tI&l •••• tpito troy 0'lj.100tCilV yauilv.

'0 A. Heffening ltapOOOUi~£l 'tfi GIll .... ~aKouq>lKrov yalrov xropic; va d~ OJ.1Cile;, vd EAt'Y~O\)J,1E ta AtyOj.1tVQ tOll _,._

pit~ olaq>optnKfi~ ltpotAtU01l~. l:~ .... J1. 'Y1a ltapaOt1'Yj.1!l, otic; ~KOtXPl1C~ ~ CJnavrov pa'Yla&>y62. rw va ~ ~aKouq>lKrov Kat trov UX6AoUWW pcIyIt J,10VO ala tEA'l tOU 160u ai,"" VtiIIif>1l!l • 550.139 xavtoec; 1Cat 96.329 pcrrti '0 OUVOA1KOC; ap19j.16c; taW PCU~"!I

X1otov omAamDc; (boo airt6v _

59. 6.1C., (1. 189.

60. 6.1C., (1. 157.

61. A. HcffCDing. 6.Il., (I. 119t

62. 'AwuolooS Tp#jMr, Sip: It

63. O. L. Barba. cAvan.,

AfPOTIKEl: l:XEl:EIl: l:THN oeQMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

000 uu'ta a1tina Q1totd,ouoav tOV XPHHtaVtKO paytE 1tAllSUaIlO paICO~lKci)V yalci)V. "Erot, mSavota'ta, 6 1tAllSUOIlOC; 1tOD KaAAtpyooos 't~ t3aKouq>tKSe; yalEe; U1to'tEAoum:, ov'troe;, 'to Eva rpiro nsptJIOU 'tOO auVOA1KOU U1tO'tEAOUe; 1'tA.llSUOllou.

·~aA.AOU, as 6ptallsva OaV't~aKta 'tile; MtKpae; • Acloc, T) 1tapa1ta-

VfI) axtOTJ 01af.1Opq>rovo'tav roc; t~ile;:

X(J}pl6 NaXlYltr; BaKo6qn 'Er1jO'LO
XpovoA.oyia
roD EiO'oo'1JJa
Halka bunar (f) lA.t1t1tOll1tO All Moupdr B' 542
Konu~ » MEx~tt ~1ttTJ, Yl6~ 16.210 MOllpUt B'
toti Mtvsr M~B'
Kakline » LEXU~1tEVtiv 1tuml 42.448
Banishte 16934
» » 19.240
Penakiya II
» » 7.458
Karaagac II
» » 23.047
Mahalle-i pasa II
» » 570
Vodna-i balya It
» » 34.610
Vodna-i zir II
» »
Leskova » » 10.651
Yavrova »
)} » 10.431
Gerova II
» » 4.655
Dobra laka »
» » 8.961
Mukata'a KIZlI hisar It
» » 70.000 ,.6&
Miiderislti » MEx~tt B' .
Hidir seyh )} » 29.n2 M~tB
Markovo » 'Io~a~A 'Iooevnd- 27.500
,.
Tabani yassi POYAOU
» BUYla~it B' BaYla~it B
Bayram bey » » II
<;ullu » » II
Domah » » »
Seholova » » 131.468 It
Dokova » » II
Kraislave » II
Sarli kay I) »
Girlova » 'I
Kozadrice » I)
~u~intse (Sahin
kay) » 'AA~ ~1ttll. yl c , tOt
Lovadi!;e KapA~
» »
Ravnik » Kot~a Nt(l~OllVt
It(lO(l CWlYf(tlKl 'Ap. xavEOwv 'Ap. xavEo(J}v 'Ap. xavto(J)v 'Ap. xavto(J}v
at tuuipta oui O'oV.A:raVlKtl O'ni /JaKo6qna 0't6 /JaKovqJl
{JaKouqJla rou /Je(6pTl rou Movptir Xliv
Biga 796 112 16 15665
lnepazan 831 109 117
Upseki 976 124 15164 'Enousvox, Kat ot al>'tEe; 'tie; 1tEPlOXtC;, oi ~aKouq>tKEe; yalEe; KUunivovruv oro Eva rpiro II oro 'tt'taP'to 'tf\e; OUvoAtKile; KaAA1EpyOU~VI1e; 'Yiie;. TO. 1tapamlvro ltOOOOtU Em~E~atrovOV'tat Kai uno {iAAEe; oU'YKpioEtC;. • Alto 'to apXEtaKO VAtKO 1tOU aq>opu 'to. ~aKouq>ta 't1;C; POU~A.lle;, 1tAllPOq>opoullao'tE ott 'to 1530 v1tf\pxav 2.709 ttJLaptaKa Xc.opui66, tvro JLOVO oro oav'tsUKt 'tou Tluofi V1ti'\pxav 1tavro a1to 750 ~1CoU<plKa Xropta67• 'E1t£toll 'to ~aKouq>tKO KaeEO'tro<; 8taOpa~a'ttoE GTU1aV'tlKO POAO o'tllV OiKOVOJLtKll aVa1t'tO~l1 'tow xroptrov au'trov, So. ,,'((IV IPllatJ.1.0 va avaq>EpSouV 6vOllaO'tlKa. 'Em1tAEOV, 'Yta va ~"v lU1C'ta90u~ of; 1ttpt't'tEe; A.£1t'tOJLtpEtEe;, eo. avaq>Epou~E 1l0VO 'to. ~a-

\1CQ lc.oPUl 1tOU ~pioKov'tav EV'tOe; 'trov opuov 'tile; ol1JLEptvilc; ~yo.pi.ac;. Td o'tolx£ia aq>opouv uovo 'to OaV'tSaKt roii TIaofi, EVro w11l~p~ J.1.W; 'Yla 'tllV ~opEta xni vottOOU'ttKll BOUA yapia dvat

u.:U1idc mi. iutO<J1taallauKE<;.

68. o.te .. cr. 205. 241. • I'aTO,l.,AO TJ1i1J1a •• ign: PO 17 12.

Vax,yu: .. Bm;OIJq>1 'Bttiaio XpovoAoyia
rou eioobnua
---
~IAI1!1!OlIltOI..'l fLOK'tOE XallSa 1.385 BaYlash B'
II X iouoslv uya 5.952 »
)1 '1,l1!patlll naoa 39.000 )1
» flaUla naoa 30.600 »
II LEtX 'Apan Xa't~tl 1.200 »
a Baba oglu 1/ Iltpi M£Xllh naoa 3.000 »
[Novasel") » » 3.897 L£A.tll A'
aJuh » MIXptflaX Loul..'tav 7.758 LouA.£i:llav A'
urta§ » » 2.138 »
lara Davud II » 2.960 »
nlu » » 5.615 »
Nuuh FakIh I) » 2.100 »
Y n (Novasel") » )1 1.804 »
otuk (&gova) » » 1.100 »
Aktav » » 11.763 »
YuvaslD (Novasel?)69 » » 834 »
Parehan » » 1.346 »
G6bekli » fKE~Xi:p Xav 3.300 »
LOUl..'taV
YeUD beyli » I) 3.612 »
TerziIer » » II
Kutluca » LOUA.Elflav A' »
lara bunar I) »
Hamidlu »
» »
IsmaiJdraz »
» »
Yem koy »
» » 440.138 II
MentqaIu » »
Yemce koy »
I) »
Saruca »
»
36 llOpLti 't~~ ~ll..t1!- » »
1fOO1:0A.ll~ (lii:v xntu-
YpGlpOvtQI 'ta 6volla-
'tIit~) »
» I) MOY.hKIKAIBAKOY~I
9
NaXLYle~
X(J)P1O Bm;:ouqJl 'ErrjaLO Xpovo~oyta
roD ciaOO17J1a
12 Xropla 'tfie; ¢tA.tJt-
1!ounoA.T]e; (OEV lCata-
ypaq>ovtal ta ovouo-
ta roue) ¢1A.tJtnounoA.T] Lax LOUA.taV 39.698 Loui.£tj.1UV A' 0
Hlomi9 » , AA.tlllni:ll 33.697
Virlef ~ Deyirmen
dere » , A If.lt't naO(i 1/
Seymen » » 1/
Elkes ~ Manol » » II
Girpan ~ Yund key » » II
SI~fCIlu » » II
Umur bey » » »
Kafir key » MOUEYEt~aVtE; xn- lEl,11l A'
~aOKEPTJC;
Saruhan beylu Tatar Pazarcik Nta~ouvt nuoa 43.662 BUYLU~it B'
Dogan key » LouA.£lf.lav A' 34.204 loul.E"if.lav A'
Dolab Kat Derelii » )1 5.600 II
Duracik (Dorko va) » » 16.834 »)
Konstantin (Kostan-
dova) » » 20.116 I)
Kamenice » » 13.706
Koruk (Korova) » » 8.000 ))
Rakinova (Rakitova) » » 31.283 II
Baya (Banya) )1 20.084 ))
»
Lizani (Lazhene) » 9.73771 I)
»
Mrx.PtllaX rOUA.laV 16.29172 )1
Ustrumca »
Tsernogor Aoutq>tl1taoa »
» Moupat B'
Kazanhk Kazanhk OUf.l0Up f.l1tET] 70. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.Jr., o. 248, 259, 315-317, 328, 370-371, 394,408.414.417.424, 455, 457. flp~A.. G. Elezovic, a.Jr., c. 392,491,492, 497, 500-5.02~ P • 'wn' tbOA<lJ.llo

, e - • ", II ontnlKU XWPI<l TT]~ ouO,,,,,, .

71. 0H1tPE1t& vc (Hlf.lEIW £\ on cure tc I'<lK VT • G r: k /'0

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•. ,., p ". dii hk t kaza (fcwyP<lqltKO-1

stotiko-ststistitsesko opisstuye na Tatar-Pazar IjIS a a , 67-68

, ,- r- - T t Pazarcik) BtEwTj 1870,0. .

OtUttonKTj 1tEplypaq>Tj tOU KU.,<l rou a ar- , . -. Koprivshtitsa

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72. l:ullq>wva f.lE f.lEptKa ~Y'Ypaq)(l roo ou ~tW\ , 'I Ed 15).

UVfjKE OtO ~UKOUq>t tfjc; Mihrimah (~A. Koptiv. htitss Museum. Arh. .

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aXIYlt~ BaA:OvqJl 'Ettiato XpOvoAoyia
rou ciaooTlI.Ja X{J)PIO NaXIYlt~ BalCOVipl 'EnjalO
roD ciao01JJ.la Xpovos:
Kazanhk 'AM Xcvriu 7tacra 4.251 BaYla~h B'
ova Zagora BaYta~it B' 21.954 » Inehanh Yambol BaYla~it B' 3.815 BaYlal;ll B
» » 5.823 » Pirliice » » 2.000
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» » 506 » Mokra » 'AA. ~ Xnvtiu TCUOcl 1.386
II
» » 2.256 » Sule bey ~iftlik » » 1.692
II
I) 'AA.~ Xuvriu 7taaa 6.080 » Isa bey ~iftlik » II 7.359
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Stara Zagora 'Aivriv LElX 1.044 LOUA.EtllclV TOE- Evlialu » » 946
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A.EIl7t~ Idris aga » » 3.887
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II Moupdr B' 15.495 Moupdr B' Karnobat MEXIlEl B' MEU1Et B
» Mooorued Il1tET) 2.20074 BaYla~it B' Gaziler Ayitos Ntcbouvt TCUOcl 2.000 BUYla~it B
DaIitmendlu II » 2.550 » Muskef II II 3.000 II
» » 1.190 » Serine (?) » » 40.000 1/
» » 1.565 » Avdulu » » 12.000 II
II » 578 » Sozopol 'AntaA.o<; B(l'yta~it B' 80.432 II
» LOUA.E1IlUV A' 2.093 LOUA.EtllaV A' Cenger I> » 2.596 ),75
Yambol MOUpUl B' ( Mouprir B' Ayo Dimitri » » 9.950 "
Iaiobohl » » Zonarite I> » 1.500 I'
»
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» » Yoros » » 10.803 »
»
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» Xat~~ KEllaA.EVtlV BaYla~it B' Eski vakif » MEXIlEt B' 3.114 II
Ilevalu Halil II 'Ialla~A. Il1tET) Piirliike » » »
Giklaf » Demircilu
» » » II
T .... Mqhedi I> » Kavaklu
» » » II
G6bdii YayJ1asl » » Ibri
» » » »
Hetbdcm » » Karl! alan 74.771
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» » »
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II I> II
G6MI II 7.038 I> Tutulu »
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» 4.025 » Venice koy Nta~ouvt 1[U(1I1 9.160 BaYlal;it B'
»
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»
73 Atv civwpt ,
7-4 povnn ornv Epyaoiu toli Gokbil .
M. T. Gokbil '0 gm .
• lIS 440. gt , O.H., o, 503, 506, 525, 407, 497, 498, 500, 506, 263, 397, 376,
75. O.H., c. 440, 497, 205, 327, 373, 396, 315,406,372. II IHN Of,nMA IKH AYTOKPATOPIA

BaKOUqJI 'Einato XpovoAoyia
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II »
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MUlC'tOUA. Mooorued »
»
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14.085 »
II »
9.600 »
II »
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Kiistendil 'AXJ.lEt J.l1tE'll 14.037 MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

Td 180 XroptU 1tOU ava<ptpov't(U orov 1tapamlvO) niva a. 0 ti

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1tOU m:ptll.~f.1 ... ~vov'tav 0':'0 Eo~<pO<; :T)<; O'llll:ptvt)e; Bou/,:yaplae; fi)"ti

PT) f.11t°POUV vn SEropT)90uv uovo ru 0''t01XEta 1toli a<popouv Ilia ~ ouo E1tapXtEe; -'t1'lV <l>tAt1t1tOU1tOA1'J Kat 't6 K1SiA 'AYU1'e; (Elhovo) Td ~aKou<ptKU XroptU 'trov U1t6AOt7trov E1tapXul>V ava<ptpOVtal n£ptO'ta otnxd. 'E1tt7tAEOV, orov nivcxc O{Oov1'at 0'10tXdu ytU E1tUPXi£<; 1t0t) 'tJ.tfjJ.ta 1'OUe; J.tOVOV aVllKEl 0'1ti O'T)J.tepLVti BouAyapia. 'EniO'.,e;, Kaame; oJ..,a 'tu 6voJ.ta'ta 'trov Xroptrov O{;v EXOUV tcuncrsl, otv EiIlUO'tE O'iyouPOt ytU to (iv ~piO'Kovtav O''tti O'1'JIlEptVti BOJJAyapiu ~ otie; YEltOV1- KEe; xropee;. Lttiv 1tpayJ.tanK011'Jta crov 1tapa1tUvro 1tiVaKU 1t£P1AUIl~Uvovrm 6ptO'J.tEva J.tOVO ~aKou<ptKU Xo)P1U 1tOU ~piOKOVtUV o'tti 0"11£pwri vonOOU'ttKti BouAyap{a. rtU tie; U1tOAOt7tEe; 1teplOxte; 1fje; xwpac; J.tue; ELJ.tUCH€ a.VUrKa0J.tEvol vd 1tl~plOPtO't'OUJ.tE otie; a1toO'1taOllu'tu:i:C; 1tA1'JPo<popiEC; J.tEptKroV a.VEKOO'troV 1t1'JYrov. flu 1tapuOEtYIlU, a1to Illli 1tEprypa<pti trov paKou<ptKrov Xroptrov 'tOU 1866, J.ta9aivoullE Ott roc; EKElV1'J 'ttiv E1tOxti, 010Ue; KasUOEe; 1tie; Lo<plac;, 'tOu Puvroulp ICUl tOD 'IX'ttJ.tuv U1tfjpxav tU a.KOAou9u PUKOU<ptKU XroP1U:

Xmpui

Xtopui

Gorni Lozen Lo<ptae; Haci Hamza

Vedrice Povroutp Vakarel (J.te~pac;)

Ihtiman (1tOAT)) 'IXttJ.tuv Taciler

Karalar » Camcez

Kayabeyli » Karanlar

Karliler » Belice

Hulu (;) » Fafuna

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LUVOAtKU 'to 0T)oaupo<pUAUKto dOE1tpa~e 133.141 ypOOlU

, A vduscn o'ti<; 1tTJYEe; 1tOU ava<pEpouv ~aKouqllKu XroPlU, tti~ ~~petae; BouA rapiae; 1tpt1tEt vd J.tV1'JJ.tOVEUoouJ.te to 1tOAU cp9~PJ1evo ,1tO-

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o1taoJ.ta ~aKou<ptKOU KataottXou rou

& ... G 312, 296, 316,368,405,429-432,453,458,492,497,499,505,264,276. G 276, 390, 445, 446.

78. 'Ava,oAu;6 Tp.ifp.a, Sign: SF 2217.

AfP0TlKEI IXEIEU: ITHN OenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY$I

." T6 DltOOttxo ,UMlOOttat Oti)v 'E9vtlci) Bt~},to9i)lCTj «KupiA.A.oU lCat M&90- .. :.t~6 TJlrflla, Sign: OAK 217/8.

~~U. Paieografia ~i diplomatica turco-osmstd, Studii ~i album, ('09ropwpia ICUt Ol1tMolLanlCt'!. MtA.tt&C; KUt 1tclVOILOtOtU1tu), BOUlCOUpscrtt

GitbiIcin, 6.1C., O. 50S.

82. Iltv dvacptpttat os 1t010V lCa~<i dVtllC&1 ullTe to Xrople .

83. 'AvaroA.lI(o TJ1fjJ1a, Sign: OAK 217 8 .

84. D. G. Gad janov, «Pu tuvane na E vliya Chelebi prez bulgarskite zemi pm: sred* na, XVIl v» (To ta~i(ha tOU 'E~A1Ylii Tcr&Aql1t~ crti~ ~OUAyapUC~ It£ptOX~ roy 1 airova), Pcriodichcsko spisaniye LXX (l9(9), cr. 658.

85. M. T. Gokbilgin, O.ff., cr. 434.

K£t'tat yui Trt\! NTOJ..l7tpOpa J..It 276 XPIOT\UVlli:<l OltltlU Kul

£icrooTJJ..Ia 33.358 acr7tpa, TO XUOUVA.ap j.ti: 29 tOt PI(IKU •

, • s: 3 729 v , M ' M anI tQ I(Q

ElcrouTJJ..IU. ocnpc, TO 7tETJ 7tOUVUP j.tf. 42 XPIOT\UVIKa

Kui dcrooTJI.ux 4.490 acr7tpu' yui to tharta xwpl6 tv unap"Jouon \

, T' " , , . #. KII.'1

poooptsq, a XWPlU aura U7tcq>tpuv OllVOAll(U dooO'1J..1a 94 214

Cicr7tpa. MCYUAO ';Tav xui ro xwpt6 7tOU aq>lcpwO orov tEICf. tou M7taA~ J..I7tt~~, ytO~ tO~ ~laXYla 7t~cra: 0 't1,:1(i:~ !;IX£ lC'tIOtCI at yi\ t xroptOu. I1pOKElTat yta to XWPIO L£pvopa, KOVtu oro TOCPVOPI, xou 7tEptCAaJ..lPUVE 120 xptcrnavlKu onitm Kat dx£ doooT'II.la 7562 acr7tpa90•

Triv E7toxli 7tOU cruVtUX8T)KC to KatuO'tl'X0 tOOv pUKo\)q>irov til pOpEtae; Bous, yapiae; 7tOU avaq>tpaJ..lE 7tPOT)YOUJ..Ii:v<oe;, otv uni\pXE 4)" 1.0 J..IEyUAO PUKOUq>t crtliv 7tcptOXli autli tKtOe; a7to tou Pouortu naad 7tOU eyt VE BUo q>opte; J..IE'YUA.O~ PE~UpT)~ tOu LO\JA.ClJ..lUV A' (1544-1553 Kat 1555-1561) Kat apYOtEpa yaJ..l7tpo~ too. To paKouq>1 tou nEpu:AUJ..IpaVC tu AEyOJ..lCVa ' AppavinKa XWpt<l (Arbanassi) til<; m:plOxi\c; tOD Tupvojiou, xni, crUYKClCptJ..ltva tu: Gorna KCIt Dolna Oriahovica, Arbanassi Kai. Liaskovec".

Moxovori ot crxtcrcle; 7tOU avuq>tpCt 6 Heffening J..IOVOV Kato: xpocrtyytcrT) aVta7tolCpivoV'tut orriv 7tpaYJ..lanKOtTJta, slvrn OA.oq>avEpo Ott TO palCOUq>t ,;tav E~icrou otaOCOOJ..lEVO J..IE ti~ CiA.A.E<; 000 lC\)piapXE<; J..IOpq>te; tfje; 68roJ..l.uVtKfje; q>EOuOaA.tlCfj<; YClloKtTJaiae; - to XO:CJllCai to rturipto. Fui to A.0Yo auto, ~ U7tOttJ..lTJcrT) tOU pOA.OU tOOv pUlCoucpirov oro crucrtT)J..I.a tOU 68roJ..laVtKOD q>EOuOaA.tcrJ..lou clvm tEA.Elro<; dOUCUIOA6YTJtT) Kai roe; Eva pa9J..1.o J..I.EPOA.TJ7ttllCli·

MOYAK1KAIBAKO~$1

'0 Beocoqnxo; - vOJ.1t1(6~ 6PlO'Jl6~ TOU Palcoucpiou

.... D. Ihchiev, ~Turskite vakufi v bulgarskoto tsarstvo i dokumenti vurh~

(1'4 tOUPlC\lCQ 1l«1Cou!pla crtt~ ~O\lA:yaplKt~ ltEplOxt~ Kat to crXEtlKO «lPXEUIKO MitJalo 1 3. cr. 243 d. (tiiOO ltapa9tTO\lj.lE ta t01tCOvUj.lla TOOV XCOPlOOV OltCO~ .... 'I*MICClV cbr6 rev Ihchiev. '0 €KS6tTJ~ tot KUVO\lVVaj.lt otv 0llj.lElOOVEl ltOU q>\lw..... t6lyypCltpO). . ..

• 0 l. Barkao. «XV ve XVI asirlarda Osmanh Imparatorlugu'nda toprak i~ciltglOlpDizasyonu almao sekiller» (MOpq>E~ 6pyavcooll~ tfi~ «lypotlKfi~ Epyacrta~ crt~v. ~ ct6tolCpCltopia tou 150\l-I60u aloova). Istanbul Univetsitesi Iktisst FakiilteS1 'Ii VI (1939) pl. qKl)toYpcl!pta oOXXX.

.. ~wnoA.llr6 TJJiJJJa, Sign: OAK 21718, 0.34. • h.,a.IS.

Ltliv IlpaptlCli vouixf 6poAoyia, 07tOU m:plypo:q>Etat YlO: 7tprotTJ CPOp6: ~ eVVOta tou J..I.OucroUAJ..I.aVtlCOU palCouq>tOU, 6 opo<; aTJJ..IUivEI «1C(ltOX~ EVOe; 7tpuYJ..l.atOe;, lCtVTJtOU 11 alCtvliToU, tOU o7toiou t~V lCup16'tT)'t(l

90. O.If., cr. 34. . . bestitite

91. G. Balaschev, D. Ihchiev, «Privilegiite na rayata v zeml~e. n~sveteOl na c ~ gradove Meka i Medina» (TO. npovouie tooV paYlo.Swv crti~ 'YCl1£C; nc; d'l&~tv£c; {Ept~ ltOA.El~ MEKKa Kui MESiva) Minalo I 2, cr. 144 .

M I J-I ro PAfOPIA

MOY AKI KAI BAKOYIPI

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... ..uIltCl\ytQ ICOLVCU<pEI..£i<; oKonousQ5• e,tc.uPTl'ttKU, 6 «aq>~Epc.up 1t va. 7tA.llpot to. npocovtu 'Yta ~lKCllOl!~UK:lK,TllKU- 7Iay6p£ut: 6l&po<; v6J.lo<; OroES opeve; (ak11), EVTlt...tKO<; 1 aou).o~ (hurr) Kui vd EXEl'tT\V 1tAT\PTl KUPlO'tTl'tU "[T)<; ;', ...... .,.1WU ccoqn£pcuv&» (ma/ik)9b. To uovo O'tOlXEiO nou £VOlUq>tpoooa IU;).ttTl elver uutO to 'tEAEu'tuto, 'YlU'tt o.1totEAOuoE

:\W.4._im1:o Opo jJ& ~uo'1 tOV 61!0to ~aKou<pta I.lnopououv vel v ol 'Yui£~ ltOll IiVT)KUV o'tT\v Ka'tllyopiu 'trov llouAKi.c.uv. cl~pd tei ouotunKo. otOtXdCl 'tOU ~UKOUq>i.oU (mevkuf), ,i_ ...... J'lI\ 6IAocpcuvia outt J.lEtCl~U 'trov ' Apo.~c.uv VOIl0I.lUOrov. Mspi>:I.~_Wt\o\:lv tei Klvllta 1t&PlOUO'tUKei o'tOtX,tiu ano oUO'tUO'ttKo. "1"NlUfiou (ol6tl OEV 1tATlPouv "[T\ ~U01KT\ 1tpOUnoOEOTl: OEV slvct ..... :~, dUOl O£X0V'tCll on £IVUl ouvu'tO va I.lEta.~l~o.~OV'tut ~roCl, •• tn, ~\p)'ia K.l.A.., 0Xl Ol.lc.u<; Kat xPTiJ.lU'tU (uno.px,El I.llo. EiOtKTi ___ 101\ ax&'ttlCo.I.lE tT\v KepbOOK01tiu)98, aAAOl1to.t...l °TlI.lEtWVOUV

Helfemng, a.If., a. 1187. Kreamarik, a.If., a. 512.

Heft'eaiDg, a.If., a. 1189. rrp~A. N. Pigoulevskaya, «Zarozhdeoiye feodal'oy___ 1Iii na Blizhnem Vostoke» ('H 1t£ptooo~ tii~ topatro(JT1~ tiiiv <jl£OuoaA.uciiiv

cmtv ETYix; 'AVatOA~), Ucheniye zapiski Instituta vostokovedeniya XVI,

99. J. Krcsmarik, a.n., cr. 529-531.

100. H. Hadjibegic, «Rasprava Ali Cau§a ... )) O.K., 153.

101. A. Heffening, o.n., cr. 1192.

102. 6. L. Barkan, «Mulk topraklar ... )) O.K., O. 161.

103. H. Hadjibegic, a.n., cr. 161.

flfav au T11Pa KaaoplO~tvOt uno to

~ ATlP tOUl1EVl1 m;ptouaia Kat to £1.-

Kpt1l:£ a 7C£P1EPxovtat Ot(I (j)'(WXa ~EAl1 'tii<; flta (fu am) 11 o ' oaOt)~ OEV dXav KaeoAou

, __ ,n) ~ M£p\ 1 {mop1KOi ureoypal1l1t.1;ouv Kan 'to Olut:\ a1l:0AU'[W , on oTlA.aot; ot KUptapXEC; ta~EtC; \VWVlWV Kat, relO OUYKeKpt~EVa, it 6ero~avt___ wucJf: to ~ 0' <p1 yui va t~aCHpaAt.aEt ioo~iroc; tn 01.- 4troyovwv '[11~ Ott; Yii105• !lEv repoK£ttat YHi xctccrpn- 8q1d,l~V dpOprov tOU iEPOU vouou (~llxavoppa<pi£c; t"._fl1K ~fI~), aA.A<l yui ~Hi Kataataall nou repo~Aerco'tav OtKatO Kat dXE ETCtKuproed Kai ureo tl1 vouo-

68IlpcJV\Kii~ au'tOKpa'tOptac;.

...... ,at tOV i£pO vouo ureiipxav 000 Katllyoptec; ~aKou<pirov,

_na:: p£ t6 alCOXO y\(i rov o1toio iopU9l1KUV: to «<ptAavepro1ttKO» 61ro\ou to £ioooll~a repoopt1;otav UreOKAEt(HtKa Y1.a uya-

:, mt ,tlav9promK<l Epya, Kat 'to «repooro1ttKO)) (ahlJ) , tOU

do6al1~ IPTlO1~oreotOuV'tav yta 't11 oovnipnon tOU npo• xpoomnwv nou opt1;e 0 KA.llPoootllC;I06. TO. npoarorea

_MN¥tGV axo "tt;v «u<Pt&Proall)} tOU ~aKou<piou i'\tav fl oi

_~M tOO EOOYoU<; iopu~atOc;107, to. ovountu trov onoiev opisnrni cbo tOV KA.llpoo6'tll fl oi ureoyovot 'tOU KAllPOoOtll. 'R I8pCIllay1\ 1tOU Tt'tav Eupu'ta'ta otaOEOO~&Vll otriv 6ero~avt~ tOV opo evlinhk' «(KA.llpOVO~tKO)}) ~aKou<ptI08, ~' •• lIftIlVmm>&iav ano 'to XaAt<pa'tO. 'R lCaet&proall 'tOU evlatl1k ::: ... _ 8ttaa ~Kp(i>V ~ll'tt;aErov ~E'ta~u 'trov ota<poprov eeoao\l8p\dv OloMi>v. MeptKE<; o.re&pptTC'tav 'to KA.llpOVO~tlCO ~u-

KOU<pl ~{; 'to uitlOAOYl 0 on i'}tav li o bp600 ~

, 0 - A ' t v.Vtu p

rev OlOV npoopiou rou pc ouetou (011' uon O(

, ')"' CZ' 'I _ '1' V X£..(fI 1..(1 1\1 ...

KOU~ OK01tOUC; Kut oEV nll.l1pouoE WU~ (.mupui'tl1 6 .........

iopuot; tOU (ol1Aaot;, otv i'}'wv «uidrvto»]. Lto tt;;~ ~ -y

"'I): " CZ' - • ':>, 0\ 0 'ltllO

ElI.l1..,av ~E rnv napuuoXll tl1~ r:yKUPOtl1tu~ rou An

, "J( u 9' npo O}1l ~

KOU<plOU, ~£ tOY opo Ott a XPTl(J1~onOldtul an6 tn'no '

, " 9' l.j:' '\ ,. ,T X \J~ ~l!O #,.-

~avou~, oruv a t...,EII.£l1C£ 11 OUCOYEVE1U 'tOU aq>lEPUltnlO9 'T

lA I k A ' 9 - , 'i: ' •• • I:.tOt t

ev. at 1 ...,aKou<pt smpettm unooimpecn to\) ahli Amco' L._

'I 'i: ' , X 'I <>' ..., U(fI10\J t.vu

Kl\.l1POoOtlll1a npoc; u<pEII.OC; ptouevmv npooemev.

10Yft I 'AI SA OY I

Oi oxonoi 'tOU ~(llCOU<ptO\)

01. cxonoi tOU hayri paKouq>tOU, reou crriv 69w~avlKt\ UlltOlCPUtopiu ava<pepotav Kat ~E tOV opo estl, i\'tav <ptAav9poo1tlKOI.: ~ao¢#"l~£ cr'tEYl1 xci daool1l1a aE Ola<pOpa 9PTJoKeunKa. il ElXlyt\ iopu~ta onwc; i\tav tsa~\a, zaviye, xaVta, ~EvtpeaEoE~, Kupal3avoEp<lylO., 1£<pupta, ol1~oatec; lCpf\VE~, uopayroyeia K.li, :EE Optcr~tw:~ nEptntootlC;, <hay Erep01CEt to yta ~eyaAa ~alCou<pla, ETCtOOtOUauv ta. i~ptt1.a aouA. rcvev, ~E1;upl1oWV Kat. liA.Arov uvwtepwv a~too~u'tOUXCl)v. To t~aptn i\'tuv OUV9EtO topu~a 1£0U areOteAoUVtaV an6 t~a~i Kal J.l£V'tpeat fl ~EVtPEcrE lCai lCapapuvaepayt, 1£0U nEPteAa~I3aV£, Evoelo~vw~, Kat. ~EPtKa oro~ana yta tOUC; ~a911tt~ tOU ~EV'tPEcrE Kal OUlq>Opa liAAa. '0 a<plEprott;C; OptSE AentO~EpOOC; oro {3a1(ou<pvapi tOU 11:000 ano 'to ticrool1~a 'tOU palCOU<pt.oU ErepEreE va. otan:9Ei Y1a avoucoOO~l1crl1 Kat. EretoKeuE~, Yla tt;v tpo<pooooiu tOOv <ptOOXOOv 11110. EKtVOOcrEt~. :EE ~EPtlCtC; nEptretwcrEtc;, oi a<ptEprooEl~ autt~ dVQl '[000 AtJttO~tptiC;, reou <p9avouv oro al1l1ttO vd Ku90Pl~OUV Kat rriv Ka9t1J1tP1VT} nocorntu tOOv Ota<popwv tpotpiumv tOU auacrttiouIlO, to 1l1<J90 tOW ureUAAt;Arov tOOv iopu~a'trov uutOOv Kal tOV aKp1~t\ tpono tij~ Otaxd- ptcrl1C; tf\c; retpwucriac;llI. ME AtYu AOytU, to ~uK06<pl hayri ff asH,

109. 1. Krcsmarik, 0.1'(., 0. 554-556.

110. G. Elezovic x 1C ,. 54" S-

, v .. , v. ....t., . 3 l

Ill, H. Kaleshki, M. Mehmedivski, Tti vakufnarm ... , 0.11., 0. 7 1(.

mOlOl tOU sbli paKOU<pi.OU, 1t00 o.<popoum: npocomc, T\1:av mo .. »w.I)t.a,atVOl. To sio03ru..ui rou 1tpOopt~o'tav yui 'tTl OUV'tTlPlloll 000 11 tpu'i>v 3f:pPio113rov Kaeroc; Kai liAArov 1tpooro1trov 'tou ~OUaoo~avlKoi) if:pa'tE:lou, oi onotoi ";'tav ol li~EoOt i31OK'tii'tE<; 'tii<; Yiie; at dlav 'ttlV SntKap1ti.a 'tllC; s<p' opou ~roiie;· Msrd 'to Sava'to touq, 'tTl 8t0Tl tOUC; s1taLpvav liAAa li'to~a, ouxva 'to. 1tat3ta il 'to. EyyoVta

tOUC;II3.

InS ol1~do auto 1tPE1t£l vd u1toypa~~ioou~E Eva (HOtXEio 1t06

Otv sx£t AaPEt U1to\jfll tlle; it PtpA1Oypa<pia, on 3llAa3Tl roe; 'tTlV E3pai(J)(ffJ tOU tt~aptro'tlKOU ouo .. tTl~a'toe;, 0 SEO~Oe; 'tOU paKoucpiou XPllaiJ.'£u£ oro xpdroc yta 'tTlV a~OtPTl 'trov U1taAATlArov rou il E1ta.t~E 'to pOAO ~taC; sui generis E1ti.all~lle; ~op<piic; ya1OK'tlloiae;. Triv lmox~ b:£iVll 0 o'tpa'toe; ll'tav 6pyavro~Evoe; 1(O,'ta YEvlllCai <pUAEe;, ()EV dXE rivEt (i1co~a <pwu3aAtKoe;. Ol aVaYKEe; yta 'tTl ouv'tTlPllOTl ron KaA.6- 1ttov'tav a1tO 'to SEO~O 'trov «EAE08EProV 't01<pAucirowl 14, Kai 'to paK06- q>l1[POoptso'tav Kupiroe; yta 'tTl ouv'tTlPlloll 'tOU Ispnreiou. '0 SEaIlOC; a()'tOC; dXE xupiox 3ta308Ei 'tTlV m;pi030 1[00 6 'OpXav xui 6 Moupdr A' 1[pOTlAauvav OtTl Mucpd 'Aclu xni ~Etaq>Ep8llKE OtTl paAKavtK~ XEpoOVllOO 0.1[0 tOV LOUAEi~av 1taoatt5. "£'t01, yta1tapa3EtYlla, Evac; ~~po.e; Oto. Mo.A yapa (Malkara) 1t00 d XE 1tapaxroP1l8Ei roe; ~aKouqn OtO oEtXll 'Ax~Et, apyOtEpa 1tEpaOE 01'0 3Ep'~ioll Bayta~i't' y6p(J) 01'0. tEAll 'tOU ISou aiffiva EytvE paKoo<j>l tOU t~a~1Ou trov MaAyap(J)v Kai 01'0 tEAOe; 308llKE 01'0 bEpPiOT\ MOUpo.t116. LtTlV 1tEpi1t1'rooll autTl, to POAO toii KAl1P0301'l1 aVEAaPE it KEV'tPtKTl 3wiKlloll, it 01tota XPl101~01tOWUOE 'to. paKooq>ta. yto. vo. a~OiPEt 'tOOe; U1taAATlAOUe; 'tT]C;. LtO ~E'tPO 1tOD to palCooq>t E~EVE xropie; ib10lCtTltll yta Eva XPOVtKO b\o.otll~a, it bwiKlloll to ~E'taPiPaSE OE liAAO i3pu~a 1t06 it i:bHl

112. np~).. A. D. Davudov «Imeniya medrese Subhan-Kuli Khana i Balkh,e ~o

vakufnoi gramote XVII v.)», ('H neptouoic 'tou l1EV'tpEoe 'tou lOUl11tXclV KOUAOU ~av crc6 Balh ~V(ll1' ~V(lllateou<pvulle 'tou 170u ui.<i>vu), Kratkiye soobshteniya InstJtuta

~niya XXXVI, 0.82 te.l:.

H3 1. Kr~mirik. 6.tr .• o. 550. 552.

"~mte~ •. A'.

'f. GIkbilgin. 6.tr .• o. 161-162.

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY$I

E1tEAEYS, yui vd 'to a<patPEOEl or ' ,

, ", 11 auv£X£ta 7tp .. /.

1tOt110Et nc; avayKEC; EVOC; ciAAol)' '1'1' OK£lt«-VOU va ICU

Iluoouoto f l)1tal\.l\.T]AOI) rn

upouoio nruv 'to KaSea'tcOr '11 _ ,.e;.

'A ' , r ., 1tOl\.l\.rov AaKO\) ,

crtac; 1tOO etxav 1tapaxropnS"-t.t " p q>l(oV 't~e; Mlrnii.l' " .... uno tov 'Opxa '0 ' ~

Xal\.ttcrt, yta 1tapa()Ety~a EAaAE ,\ A ' V. KaOll~ Oto Ml-

(B 1 k .. )' ,p w<; palCOI)q>l to X(O 'M

a ClOY 1[01) pptaKOtav OtOV ,,~ ,PlO 7taAtoi KtO.

, ''1 _ • luto VaXtY1£117 T' ~ ,

rptn ~£I\.ll tOI) Ispnreiou 1t00 bEV ~ta _ . ov u1aO£X9T)ICUV

to KpatOC;. 'Y 1taPX0I)V xapaK'tT]Pta:t;~YYEVEt<;, ,UAA.a U7tllpttoooav KVOOUV on to xpdro; ~EV 1tapaxrop _ 7t~pao£ly~ata 7tOU U1toO£l-

" Ol)aE tu ~aKOUmtN ' .,

1tEPt1ttroOEte; «EtC; to ~tnVSKEr» 'T ' ,'Y "" a a\)tt~ ti~

_ A ~ , '..,. nrct, to XroplO 'Ell A '(E .

't01) L1tul)~OtEtXOU ElXE 1tapaxroPllSd ro ~aK' ,t"1~ O\) multi),

1..00, 0 o1toioe; a1t08dXeT]KS «on 8Ev a"J: \ ,O~q>l O,E Ka1t010V Xtoap-

_ " I ..,1..,£ to paKOUtnU) 1 18 T' ,

tOU to a<pa.tpEos lCat to E8rom~ OtOV Me ' '. 'Y _ • 0 KpatO~

vd 1tapE! tOV 'thAO 'tOU fakih Kat v/~~i ,~OV O~Ol~ £~avaYKaOt Cuneyit!'". MEta to eaVatO 't01)' " 0...,£1 'to ovolla rou OE o1toiOt EYlvav E1tiOlle; fakih L ','to Xropto ~E~aaE atOve; ylOu~ 'tOU, of

tK ' _ , . tT]v 1tEptoXT] tT]e; KaAAi1toAll~ IktICOU-

61t 11 E~~ 1tapaxrop11,S~KE aE 1tEVtE aEiXT]8E<; roe; UVtaIlOl~~' YUl ti

ert? tec; roue. L'to Eyypa<po o.va<pEpEtat Pllta on ~'tav «to J.'WIll:~

a to 'toue;»120. '( uv • .,...-

'E ,..,. (: ,

_. vro 11, KaStEproaT] tOu paKoo<piol) ro<; IlEaol) yta 'tTl OUVT'I1pnnn

tOI) tEpatEtOl) II1tOP!( , e e - , '1' ·'1 "~" ~alCol)' " r- t vn ~ropT] El1tapaAAaYll tOO 7tPOO(07t1KOU (ahli)

<P~01), aAAEe; 1tEpt1ttroaEte; paKol)<pirov 0X1 IlOVO 1l0ta~Ouv J.Li to ~£ta,~EVEOtEPo turcpiornxo auatT]~a, UAAa 'tau'tlSOVta1 a1toA.uta. To 1tapauEtylla to- 'A1 - 'H1' T

, ~ I) I\.T] I\.ta ELVat xapaKtllP10nlCo: <> LouAtijUiv

7ta~ae; roo 1tapaXcOP11aE ro<; palCouq>t 'to XroP10 BAav'taKt (Vlandaki)

ornv 1tSPto'Vtl t'';''v MN1 a' ..,~, I , '

r IV. w ",I\. y pev, «roe; av't'al\l\.ay~a ytct n~ U1tllPE:O'lf;~

~Ol) ?t11~ xuruoxsur] YEq)l)ptrov». MEta 'to Bdvnro tOU • AA.1i. 6 Yl~ .01) AXl ICArtpovo~l1aE to paKou<pt tOI) Kat tOV OtaotxOTJIC£ onlv

1)1tT]pEaiaI21 'OMo ' B' , " '19: An

, , • . I)pat 1tapaxroPllat a£ Ka1tOLO P£OOUI\. svc .--

~OI)<Pt ern 'Y\jfaAa, aE o.VtaAAay~a yta ti<; u7tllPtait~ 1tot> 1tPOOE!pE:P£ e; val)1tT]yoe; crov "E~po. ".Qe; tei ~tO'a 'tOU 160u aicOvCl, to aypolCtTJ-

117. o.1r., 0. 162.

118. o.tr., c. 268.

119. ~A. o.1r.

120. o.tr., c. 169-170

121. 6.1r., 0. 162. .

It l' alt <p pi. t~T1crlO dcr08rll..lU 300 ucrnpwv, dX€ m:pacr€t crE rm l)(".lru ~yypa<pu dvoesporcv P~'t~ on 'to ~v A.oYc:> PUKOUX ltapaxwP'lOd «roC; av't.n~A.UY.flU y~u UnllP€crt€~ crnv .. xuru" 11 ItAotWV» (gemi islemesinin hizmeti muksbelesinde mutesar-

) H wHjp'lO"l au'til~ 'tile; flop<Pfie; 'tou ahli Boxoueto», nou EYKUt-

Vl(tO'TrIK€ arre, rov 'OPXav, O'uV€XiO''tllK€ KUt O''ta xpovta 'too MOllp(i1:

A 1 1, Bay tush A' 124, Moupdr B' 125 Kai LOllA.£lflav TO'EA.€flnfj 126, EVro hI Tile; pUO'lA.da~ LOU M€XflE't B' 127 E<papfloO''tllK€ 'tEA.€lWe; xsptorcO'lal(a <Dai VE'tUt A.Ol1tOV on ti E<papfloytl roo i'j"tav nponcpccxsocO'W(O O'"tao1O LOU nflUptoonKou cuorriucro; Kat EYKa"taA.d<pOllKE ueTn 'ttlv rraY{OOO'f) 'tou rtucptou. L"ttlV npaYflanKO"tf)"ta, it napunavw napaA.A.aytl "tOu ~uKou<piou anOOEtKVU€t on it K€V"tPtKtl OtOiKf)O'f) flnopoucr€ vd iopUO'€t ~aKou<pta, o"tav "to anattOucrav oi nEptO''tacrEte; ij, fl' CIA.A.a A.oYla, o"tav E1tp£nE vd E~acr<paA.tcr'tEi it ouvtripnon optcrflEVOOV a~tOOflatOUXWv Kat Oxt U1tOXP€WnKa j.l6A.roV "tou Ispcretou.

ME rriv e vIa tlik 1tapaA.A.aytl, OllA.aOll roe; KA.f)POVOJ.l1.KO ~aKou<pt, 6 OEcrfloC; EK1tA.tlPOOVE 'tEA.dooe; 01.a<p0pEnKouc; O''tOXOlle;. L-c{e; nspurrdim::tc; au"t£e;, 6 KA.llPOOO"tlle; aVE<pEpE on O'K01tO<; 'tOU Boxooetoo i'j'tav it ouvrn pnon "troY natotrov, "troY E'Y'Yovrov rou K.CI. Tt; 1tEptO'O'O'tEPE<; eo pee;, 6 iopu"ttle; OPt~E "to 1t00'0 1tOU Oa rov ouvrnpoixrs j.l£Xpt 'to 'tEA.Oe; 'tfje; ~oofj<; rou KCli OtEe€'tE "to U1tOA.ot1tO yta "ttl ouvrr] pncn "too O'UVOA.Oll il OptO'j.lEVOOV a1toyovoov rou. Oi anEA.w8EpOOfl£VOt O'KA.apOt "tou KA.f)pOOOtl1 crllVll1tOA.oyi~ovtav Kai atHOt O''tOV KDKA.O 'trov npocrronoov nOD anon;A.oucruv '!ODe; a1toyovouC; 'tOll128• L'tO E1ticrllj.lO EYypa<po "tou cvlsthk Boxouctoo opt~otav cra~ro<; to npooomo O'"to onoto Oa n€pttlPXEtO "to PUKOD<pt flE'ta 'to 8avaLO 'trov npol1yollfl£VWv xupiev rou. L'ttlV nEpi1nwO'l1nou OEV U1tfjpxuv anoyovot, 'to dcroollj.lCl "tou paKoll<piOll Oa OtE'tiOE'tO E~ OA.OKA.tlPOll yta 'ttl ouvrripncn 'trov finopwvl29•

I POTlKH I f lEI1. HHN 00!lMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~{

'H OtUXdptcrl1 "tOO PClKOll<piou fiva'tHktat ot dOIKei e~otJato()OtrUl' VO npocroono, 'tOV nazir, kayim Tl miitevett], IlpcihoC; 1l0U'tl:~{;J li~ VE:.O OpUj.lEVOU paKou<piou i'j"tUV cruvtl0we; 6 lowe; 6 (upu;ponlir; Tl1£poo(o)1t "tfie; EmA.oyfje; rou. Y A v 'to tevliyet (ti Stcrll "tOU 1l0UttpCA:i)) otv ittuv KA.llPOvOfltKO'30 -nOD i'j"tClV xni 'to O'UVllSEO'ttpO ,Ot t1t0lltVOl OtuxttptO'tEe; tOU paKou<pioll otOpi~ovtuV 0.1£0 rov KaOTl, atou onoio» t~ OtKutOoocriCl unayovtav ol yaite; -coo paKou<piou13l. 1:UIl<POlVU IlE to VO~.1O, 0 j.lOU'tEPEA.tle; A.aj.lpuvE roe; aVnlllcrSW to 8tKU'tO 'tOU OliVO/.tKOl) dcroOTlflU'!Oe; tOU paKou<piou·,32 noA.He; <poptc;, 0IlWC;, iOt01tOLOUVtUV IltyaA.U"ttpo J.1£pOe; tOU dcrobTlj.lU"tOC; au"tOu, ibtaltCpU O'tUV tei tevliyet

ll'tuv KA.llPOVOj.ltKa. .

Au'ta slvm, crt ytVtK£~ YPUflj.lEe;, to KaSw'tcOC; Kui ~ €VVOta tOU ~aKou<ptOU, nOD EXOUV n€ptypa\jltt npoytvto~£PtC; IltA.E-c£C;. 1:'to 011- usio au-co npEnEt va l>1toypaj.lj.liO'ouj.lt naA.t on 'tei PUOtKCl YVOlpioIlUtn nou ota<poponowuv to paKoD<pt ano 'tiC; tI1tOA.Ot1ttc; 1l0P<PEC; YUtOK't~criac; cr'tO ouyxsvtpemxo flollcroUA.llaVtKO KUt dOtKo'ttpa oro 69wj.laVtKO Kpa'!Oe;, elvoi a<pEVOe; IlEV 'to icropw13:, a~t:tpou at ,to UOTlj.ltutO KUt 'to avanaA.A.0'tpiwto134• 'H Ilt'tU'tP01tlllltUC; ~8to~tll(Jt~~ crt paKou<pt i'j'tav aj.lE"taKA.lltl1, otv j.lnopoum; vd aKUPW~tll35. ,E1toll£vroc;, crt aVnbtucrtOA.tl j.l£ oO'te; ibWK"tllcrite; iopuov"tav O£ ~llIiOOt~,Yil, o-cte; 6notte; it xsvrpucr] bWtKllO'll acrKOOcrt IltKpon:ptC; II IlE"(a_AlJttpte; E~oucrite;, au'toc; 6 aYPOttKOe; StcrJ.10C;, 'to ~UKouqH, at(Op~lJV'tav finapupiucr'toe; ano tic; apnay€~ tOU Kpa-coUC;. 1:-CTlv 1tpu'YIla_·ttKo~l1'ta, uU'to 'to Stj.ltA.troOte; XupaKtllptcrnKo 'too paKou<ptOU e~ll'Ytt -:-IlE 1£0- M A.iytC; E~UtPEcrttC;- 'ttl J.1ttatponTl 'trov lloUA.Kiwv oi: ~a!ColJ<pw xc'ta 'tTlV neptofio n06 t~t'ta~ouj.lt.

122. O.1C., cr. 296.

, 123. O.If., cr. 174-175.

124. lh., cr. 194, 195.

125. O.If., cr. 282,296.

126. 0.11"., cr. 199.

127. 0.11"., cr. 331.

128. O. L. Barkan, «Ser'i miras hukuku ... », O.1C., cr. 171-174.

129. A. Heffening, O.1C., cr. 1187. J. Kresmarik, O.1C., cr. 513.

130. O. L. Barkan, O.1C., 0'.171-175.

131. A. Heffening, o.fr., cr. 1188.

132. J. Kresmarik, a.fr., 0'. 549. 9' 0 ICATJpo&>-

, 133. «Lt6 s~fi~ Tj litaxEiplO't) tO~ <'>pt~6tav crUli<!>wva lit ttlv £7tl WLla TO

tTJO'avto~ ... », BA. H. Hadjibegic, «Rasprava Ali CauSa ... », a.te., cr. 153.

134. J. Kresmank, a.fr., 0'. 516-517, 562-564.

135. A. Heffening, a.fr., 0'. 1187.

MOYAKI KAI BAKOY~1

yet - OTlAa(1) "[0 nspao~a "[11~ eEcrTl~ 'to\) OtaXEtptO"tn 101:1 A •

" , '~'I 'I "'C 'I pUKO\XplOIJ

ano 'tTl ~Ul YEVca crnv uI\.I\.Tl· nrot, otaq>UAacrcro"[uv lUntKo. n .

_ 1 - A • e"'" '1 ~OPlPll

'tot) ss: , npay~alucou ... cxouctou, xu (U~ uno 11) ~ta ~Epor lOU' _

, _, ., £too

(1)lla'to~ 'tOU XPTlcrtllonOtOUv"[av npaYllan YU1 KOtVO)q>eAEl<; OKOn '

tvro ano '(1)V (iAATl 0 aqnEpO)'t1)~ OP1~E 10U~ unoyovou<; LOU ro<; Ol~~~~ XOu~ cr'(1) eEcrTl 'to\) OtaXEtptcr't11 'to\) ~aKouq>tOU.

Elvm xapaK"[TlPtcrnKo on 1<1 KATlPOVO~lKo. tevliyet, 01ijV 1tAElO'l'Tlq>ta roue, npo£Pxov-rav ano IlcyaAa 1l0UAKta KUt OXt ana (mAo. KATlpovO~tKa ~aKouq>ta. To ~aKouq>t 'to\) 'Ayta<; ~nET\, yta nUpo.oElYlla, 0 onoio<; ii'tav crav"[~aKllnETl~ 't11<; Boovlc; 10V 150 airovu, dXE KA1)pOVO~lKO tevliyet't", To totO crUVE~atVE l1)V tOlU tnOX1) KUt ~E 10 ~UKOuq>t 'tOU 'IcrxaK ~ntTl cr'ta LKoma. Ll1)V npa~1) aq>ltpo)Oll~ LOU ~aKouq>tou au'tou aVaq>£PE'tat: «oco ~ro, tyro 0 tOto~ 00. d~Ut KUPlO<; KUt IlOU'tE~EA1)<; auTOU 'tOU ~aKouq>tOU. "Y crepe unOIlEVU, £XO) opios; 'tOY 'Iod ~nETl [vto 1l0U] Kat iiorepu 'tOY mo a~tO ano 'tOU~ 'Ytou~ tou:

KUt apYO'tEpa 0 mo EUcrE~1)<; ano "[OU~ ytoU~ nou UKOAOUOO\)V <> EVU~ IlE'ta 'tOY (iAAO Kat nou Ka'tayov"[at 0 Eva<; uno 'tOV aAAO, uno 'YEV10. ot YEVta, ano OtKOYSVEta os oixoyeveic ... »I40. '0 'Ioti ~nE1)~, nou ~'tUV 1l0U'tE~EA1)<; 'tOU ~aKouq>tOU nou tOPUcrE 01ta'tEpu~ 'tOU, lOPUOE <> t81O~ apYO'tEpa Eva ~aKouq>t ano 'ta 8tKa rou 1l0uAKta j.1t KA1)pOVO~lK() tevliyet, "[0 onoio cru~1tf:pt!~Aa~~avE Kat 'tt~ yUVuiKE~ nnoyovou~ "[OUI41. '0 MEXj.1S"[ IlnETl<;, ano '(1)V t8ta OtKOYEVEtU 'trov MUKeoovO)v miilk sahibleri, topUOS, ~E '(1) ostpd rou, ~aKouq>t IlE KA1)pOV0j.11KO tevliyetw. T1)V tOUl ~opq>1) SIXS 'to ~aKouq>t 'to\) MaK'touA nuon, nov ii'tav rspdcrno crE EK'tacrTl Kat crs otaq>ops<; neptoxt~ nva T1) POUj.1EA1)143, Kaero~ Kat nOAAa aAAa ~aKoUq>tal44.

MEPtKE~ q>ops~ oi totOK't11'tS<; 1l0UAKlo)V, orriv npoona9eu1 roo; va Otacrq>aAtcrouv mo anO'tEAScrj.1a'tlKa 'ta crUj.1q>EpOV'tU "[rov unoy6vO)v 10U~, npocrEq>Euyav crs ota'tU1t(ocrEt<; nOll 8EV aq>Tlvav m;pt9ro~tu nupep~1)vda~. '0 T1j.10UP'ta<; ~nsTl<;, Y1a napaOE1Y~U, oplcre rou; oxo-

139. G. Elezovic, 0.11:., o. 1145-1149.

140. 0.11:., c. 19.

141. 0.11:., o. 34.

142. (J.1I:., o. 14-22.

143. M. T Gokbilgin, 0.11:., o, 441-448.

144. O.TC., o. 203.

E1:EI1: HHN OE}{lMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA AffOTlKE11

145. ~l. o.tr.

146. tn.. 6.1C.

:. '0 I\vtlV_l1ltt~~, 6 I1lttllA.tpl1nE1'\~ 'ti1~ ~aA.KavtKi1~ XEpoov1l00u, napaxwp1'\O£ .. Ut11ft0 t?1l E't1'\Otoll dooolll1a'to~, nou npotpxo'tav fino 'tol1E'YaA.o ~aKOuq)t 'tOU,

1:m~1'\ tou ~K?lXjliou' ~A.. o.Te., o, 255. .

(s. ~F~kete. DIe Slyaq~t-Schrift. BouoanEOt1'\ 1955, c. 164-169. M. T. G6kbilgtn, .. M.·TA::-tUC.6 TJJ1JJJa, Sign: Istanbul- Velik Vezir, mukatai, 22 Zilhicce 1054.

G' bilgin, 6.1[., c. 179 d.

GaIabov, H. W. Duda, 6.Te., EY'Ypaqla un' fip. 875,991, 1136.

lyyPQ4pUU1t' ap.I094. M. T. Gokbilgin, 6.ft., o. 430, 286, 338-339, 288-289. an 6~ 0\ lCataxpllott~ nou avaqltp9TjKav np&nEt va fiva~1'\tT1-

MOYAKlKAIBAKOY~I

159

'Eltt1tAEOV, 0 ~OUtEPEA;ll~ otv OtaXEtpt~Eta ' ,

1totdtat, crt ~eya.AO pa9~0, to dcr08T}~a tout ~OVO a~M Kat lOW-

, 'I ' " .t ' ...,aKoucplOU Ka90v 6

VO~O~ 1tOIl.U YEVtKa Kat uoptcru OPt~E ta. Ka9nKO' ; ,"

s::' "9' '1 vro rou, OT}Aa8n tn otaXEtptcrT} tWV U1tO EcrEWV tou paKoucptOU. LuvE ~ S::J, T '1 'I

~" " " , " 1tW~, ot.V Elval tU-

xaw on, orov uvcoepetm to ovouo tOU ~OUtEAEA ~ e 'A '

", " , , ..., T} VO~ ...,aKoucplOU

cs Elttcr1Wa E'Yypacpa, U1tapXEt crXEMv 1ta.VtOtE il eKm 0'

r , , " '1 't'pacrT} «1tP ~ to

nupov U1tO rnv KatoXT} roo ... » (hilla der tsssrtui-is il 6 r

- "9' "'1 1totaXPT}cJtJ.l0-

1tOtEttat crtT}V 0 w~aVtKT} 1tpaKttKTl yta. vd EKmpa.crEt r • j: ,

_ _ 't' ~~~W

tWV rtucpuctrov. "

Ilpsnet vd o1toypa~~icrou~E on 'to KAT}pOVOlltKO tevlivet '

e - ',' A 1 k A ' r- J' unOKa-

icroucs 'to evtst. 1 ... cxouqn crriv 1tpay~attKOtnta 11[, tn 8 '

" .t ' , , 'I: -.t ' 'I ,t"" '1 tacpopa,

ott u1tO to eicoonuu rev unoyovoiv roo aqnEpWtTI dXE acnatpE9"-"

, " , '1 't' "tEVa

noco yta 'tTl covmpnon 'tfj<; 1tEpwucria~ tOU paKoumiou ... Av 0

'I 9 -" " ''I 't' J.lw~ II.l'Jq>, st U1tO"'ll on ere KII.T}pOVOJ.ltKa. tevliyetKa'ta. xavovc avfjKav OE

J.lEya~a ~aKOI)q>t~, ,t~tE acrq>aA~<; ~ aq>aipEcrT} tvo~ nocof 8Ev dXE K~J.lt~ o~crtacr~tKll f:1tl1ttwcrll, ere ~tKOVO~tKa. t?U ~OUtEPEAfj. rr au'to 'to AOYO to KAllPoVO~tKO tevliyet ~tav ~ta ~oPCPTl yaLOK'tT}oia~ E~acrq>aAtcr~Evll a1to 'ti<; E1tf:~Pa.crf:t<; 'tfj~ KEVtptKi'j<; E~ouoia~, EVW 'tUlttKa. 1tapE~EVE hayri paKouq>t, OT}AaOTl ~E cptAav9pwmKou~ OKO~OU~: "Et crt , ~oAovon OEV exou~E ixvT} KAT}pOVOJ.ltKWV paKoucpiwv, EV'tOU'tOt~ 1tapa'tllPou~E on KAT}pOVO~tKa. tevliyet -J.lEPlKE~ oEKaEtiE~ ~Eta. 'tTlV t8pucrTl tOU~- PpicrKOVtaV E1ti ai.wvEC; Ota. XEpta 'ti'j~ i8tac; OiKoYEVEtac;, yta. 1tapa.oEty~a toU 'EPPEVO~ ~.l1ttT} ot~V fKLOUJ.louA'tsiva Kai tie; LEPPE<;, Kat tou AaAa. KapA~-sav'tt oro Kdpso-

ROl52 r' , '" I:'.t '

..., , . _ t "auto, orcv uEV uveeepoucore crt tt~aptrottKte; yaiEe; al-.AO:

crE yatEe; aAAlle; Ka'tT}yopiae;, 1tPE1tEt vd 9u~o~acr'tE on autte; [)tv t~a-

90uv ot Ilrj KA.1'\ pOV0l10Ul1EVU tev/iyet. Oi Ka'taxp~oEI~ aut€~ napatT1poUVt(l1 K(lta njv aA.A.(lyrj 'tou 1l0U'tE~EA.fi, 6 6ltoio~ unOOEtKVUE'tUt dlto tOV Kao~, rots Ol]A(lO~ not! oi dnox~p~UvtE~ OlaXEtpIOt&~ 'tou ~aKOUql[OU ~'tav UltOXPtCilIl€VOI vd owaouv fV(l noaa ana tn wooa 'tou ~aKOUqlloU. E'ta KA.1'\POVOI1IKa tevliyet Tr KEVtPllC~ t~oooi(l otv dX~ lC(lVEva otKalCilllu nap&I1~UOTJ~ ota A.oYIO'tllCa 'tOU~.

152. TQ ~aKOUqlta 'tOU 'E~PEVO~ OlOlKOUVtaV altO tOU~ dnoyovou~ 'tOU ~ to 1912.

BA.., G. Elezovic, a.ft., o. 8. 'Alto 'to OiKoy£vElaKo StvtpO tOU [1(lHUl n(laQ. nO,iJ Ilt~E'tPEIjIE 'to 1l0UA.K1 'tOU of: ~UKOUq)t crd XPovla tfi~ ~(l(JlAd(l~ tOU Ba'Yta~it B , :(l~VE'tal O'tt OEKU'tf:OOEPt~ YEVlf:~ 110U'tE~EA.1\owv tOU ~(llCo\)(piou (It)TOU npoEPXov:al

no rov KA.6.oo tfi~ OhCoYEvEla~ 'tOU 01'\A.uo1\ OUVOA.1Ka a(lpavt(l OUO lloUtE~&A.ij&:~. 0 tEA.EUtaio~ fin' au'tOIX; 6 'Apiql Ilni1'\~ ~'tav J.lOUtt~EA.1\~ to 1913. BA. a.fr., a. 20.

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~1

ArpOTlKE1 ~XElEl~ ~THN oenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

QttKa at01XEia lwi ~tyge~<; 'toW y(lt&V JlOoAdrov Kal trov ~a.KO\)q)l(OV

~~ 'ta 9t~ata noo ~a~ anaoxo~OUV OE~ aq>0pOUV I-l0VO 't~~ ~ai,f.~ 'I' .t'\ Aa Kai trov AaKOUq>\.O)V nou np0f.pXov'ta\. a1tO au'tf.~,

pot>Jl.KtCllV UJI. f1 ' C\,. ,

.. to Sta1tpa'Y~at£uGoo~t nap~A.~T1~a Tl ota~oXtK~. ~~ apX\.OO~l-lt

W 'ta auotatllCa oto\.X£ia Ka\. 'to I-lqt80~ roiv y{l\.O)V nov I-l0UA.K\.O)V

mi tilW ~Kouq>iCllV .

• An6 TIlV aVaA.UOT\ O'tOl.Xe\O)V noo EXOUI-lf. 0't1\ OUi8f.01\ I-la~ np01CO-

,"1\ at\ oi napanavO) ya\'oK'tTlOit~, aVaA.oya I-lE 'to I-lEYf.80~ 'tOU<;,

&mcpiVOV'tal OE Ka'tTIYopiE<;:

1. Oi ~'YaAotEpE~ ya\'oK'tTloif.~ «OtTlVf.KoUq> xapaK't1\pa ll'tav,

6vcqupi~A.a, ta OOUA. 'taVlKa. ~aKoOq>\.a (evkM-i se1a tin), 'to. Dnoia, OE 6.vri&0ll ~t ta \moA.Ol.1ta ~aKooq>ta, npoEPXoV'tav E1tt01\I-lO)~ uno poUA.K1.a. '0 oouA.tavo~, o'tou 01totOU 't1\v a1toA.u'tTl ota8f.0Tl ~pimcovtav 01 'YaiE~ 't1'\~ a\)'toKpa'topia<;, I-l1tOPOUof. va oTll-ltOUpy1\of.l. lSmcoOcp\a OtO ovo~a. 'tOU. Ol v0I-ll.I-lE<; o\.aol.1cadif.~ 1tOO toxuav Yl.a to J1"tacrxl1~atl.O~O oTl~ooiO)v yal.rov OE 1-l00A.Kta 1tapaKal-l1t'tOV'tav, 6tav bpolCttto 'Yl.a. oouA.'taVl.Ka. ~aKooq>l.a. TO. A.iya o'tol.Xda nOD &aetto\}~ otv ~a<; En\.tpE1tOUV va. unoq>av80ul-lf. liv oi OOUA.'tavo\. ~ttpEnav ot ~alCouq>l.a tl-l1'\l-la ano 'to. Xama 10U<;, liv 'to. ~aKoOq>\.a a6ta dnOtEAOl>VtaV ano EIC'ta.m:\.<; aol.a.8f.'tE<; EKdvll 't1\v 1tf.piooo, Tl liv \&.o1totOl>V'tav yaiE~ noo dxav TloTlnapaXO)P1l8d <.0<; 'tl.l-laPl.a. LtyOupa, a~, ta !3aKOUq>t.a tOl> OOUA. rdvou Ka'taA.al-l~avav olll-lav't\.KO

~ tIDV 'Yal.rov t1'\<; aUtOKpa'topta<;.

'0 ~\)A.ti~aV naoa.~, yl.O~ 'too 'OPXav, D D1toio~ otOl.KOUOf. ta a6pem\1Ca too<PTl t1'\<; au'toKpa'topia<;, KA.T1Po06'tllof., I-lE au't1\ to,O .. ~'ta, ~po~ trov lCa'taK'tTl!-lEvO)V yatmv cto "!-lapE'tl. 'tOU, lOpo~ Iva l\a1COU<p\ nou ~a.A.A.OV elver ano 'to. 1tpm'ta OOuA. 'taV\Ka. ~~-

. T6 ~'YE9o<; tOl> ~a1Couq>tOU aU10u slvut 'tf.paO'tl.O, aKp\.~(i)~

154. (br., 0. 177-181.

155. a.te., 0. 203-209 .

156. a.te., 0. 210-213

157. a.te., 0. 213-215'

158. a.te., 0. 216-218'

159. BA.. a.te. .

160. a.te., 0. 300-315.

txEiEltITHN OaOMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA _"IUGOUAtaVOll, Bay\a~i't A', flLav t~iOOl) Mnd tOV L&Ai~ tOY Tpouspo, nou bEV iiiioioI .... 1l1COl~&AEiC; OKOJtOUC;, 0 Y\O; rou, LOu__ ~XOlP\a at ~aKou<p\Ka. Yla. 't,~ OUVH1Plloll la¥<rtavt\vouJtOA.ll (826.955 aonpa)162. ___ ()Uv J.lovav aypotlKi;<; npoEA.Woll<; doo-

itIIl_W.,:aY1LKa~aKou<p\U fltav tsprio nc. npt7t&l ~i&C; al)tou tOU runou -~ouA.Kta Kai ~vtp<D~tv&<;, ana 6taOKOP1tl0IlEW:<; a' _ .... I-Auto {axUt\ {Statt&pa yta. ta.ll&taYf:VEOtCpa

... lticJol,c;, va aJ[0609ti OtO on ((giXav i:~avtA.lleEi» _ ... hou "'tav, K\)PtW~, OUYKEvtpW~Eva rri ~OUA-

MOYAKI KAI BAKOYCl>1

l __ IcUKi cbto ta. oou/, taVlKa pUlwu<pta, (DJ.a., nnp ' iItIadM. ~v ta. ~ouh\U Kat 1a. paKOU<pla tmv I.qo(I8t:n), ~l1Wtl trov J.ltya/.wv <pwu8apxmv napa.... _tnliA yui OPlO~va uno a1Jta:

__ bK,.utpt.& to ~OUA.Kl rou, nou to clnotl:l oiiouv

••• IIi~ .w;p<iSt.;. of. pUKoli<pl nou rttpH).aIlPa.~._.o Lepanec 1Cat to «~OlJVO.) Pravend (1tpo<pavm<; .; ... ..,_lSPia1COvtaVOtO\ iotO VaX\Ylt. '0 ytf)' 1:01 , .... ~ PAKOv.\ 6KtID ~t~pcio!:.;. nol.! a Ilpa.Ota, ....... d. attlV n:P\OXtl to- l'.tpaycpol· 0 Yl6~ rot, .. 11\ Gttpci roo, J.l&tf.tp&\If& of:. paKOU<pl tplu xwpui Ttt40. ~t J.l&~p<iOt.;, tva K'tfi~a, KaOffi; KUt Sui~. To Jkt1COu.pt to- raX'Yta nuaa 1t£pu::) all-

_ .... r.ma.a, tpia attlv 1ttPLO'l.tl ti;- (1)\At1t1tOU1tOAll • .... k.,.axil; titv l1COKlroV, tfi; <1>.) umotmoA.ll· Kai _~.""'Wll Kat tt~ 000 Il£~pao ; attl <I>tj uut l

~ tfiv J.l0\JAKirov. 1tOVtot£ atUIlLyt90 • .... ~11<; EKtUall., !.lJvt}Oro Q1tO't(.t 0 vrcv

rpOTIKEl: l:XHEl~ nHN oenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY$I

_ aV lit q)'tOrx,o. xropto.. f).tv dvat 'tuXa.io 1tOD 'to.

OVOJtOlOl)vt r r " "

.. ~_rO'tl~pa J'OOAlCta Kat ~aKOUqn~ ~Pt~KO;;;V, oru; m,o t>u<p~~~<;

~ ai>tOKpatopia~, O'tTlV av~'tO , tKll n" P~Kll, ~'tllV K~t ,a. a.

•• _~ • otnv 1tSPLOxti 'tOU Al'Ya.wu. PS1tst ouo»; va. U1tO-

\) !Cat 'I - -' - , '\'

6t1 it Ulllll)..ti 1tPO~OO?~ 'troy xroptro; a.u't~v O<p~tI\,O'ta.v

~AAO 1tapo.yoV'[(l. ?" Ka'tO~ot 110u~K~ro;, f..oyro,'tll,s 1tPO~ __ ltoo9tOTlC; 'tOU~, dXav rn bu~a'to'tll'tU va ~u~a.vou~ 't?V ~pt8110 JtO'CtAoUC; 1tATl9uoIAOU O''ti~ yaw; roue, uvs~ap'tll'ta uno 't1'\ <puO't-

""~1l"'1 ,ou .).~Iluo~oi). e~ oiva~Ep90u~E~' ~i,,6 (hav ~ci "u~~........ njv &K~EtQ)J.EU<l1j rov ~OUAKl(j)V xm ,OW ~aKO"~l(j)V. Au-

~tOV {) !CUplon:pos )..oyo<; 1t0\) O''to. ~aKou<ptKo. xropto. nopcmpet.. pui paybaia aU~TloTl 'ti)c; <pEOuba.f..tKi)~ 1tPOO'ObOUI68, O'f. uv'ti8s01'\ .. tti t1.J.UIP\(J)t\JC<i XroPUl, 'to. onoia O'uxvo. 1tapouO'ta~av o'taml1o't1'\'ta oW &iaOO1'\lA<l roo; Ylo. I1Qo.)..sC; XPOVtKE<; 1tSptobOUe; il u(1)l1av'tll

~1lG1'\ at oxtoll IAt 't1) <pUO'tK1) aU~l101'\ 'tou 1tf..118uO'l1ou.

I' 6,t\ (\(popn 'to~ IASspo.os<; nOD 1tf:ptAal1~o.vovtav o'tte; yaise;

.", J.LOOA.JCimv !Cat 'trov ~a.Kou<pirov, dvat npo<pa.VEe; on, otie; m:ptO'O'o~ uputtclX}f:tC;, ~'tav Ka'totK1'\I1f.VOt, 01'\Aa(1) ElXE ilO1'\ ~SKtV1)OEt ~ ~\CIot1,aoia 011l!toupyiac; xropwu. '.Ef. optO'l!evE<; 1tSpt1t'tOOOEl<; 01. ~ t&'tou.ov xroptrov ~'tav I!EATl 'tOu 1!0uO'ouf..l1avtKou h:pa'tEtou, ot OwU)\ tXoV'tac; 'to~ I1t~Po.Ot<; ID<; 1tpoO'ro1tlXO ~aKoD<pt U7tf.~AE1taV cn6v t1W\lC\OI!O 'trov yatrov nOD Ka'tdxav (1tpOKEl1:at yto. 'tOUe; ovouc~o~ Otp~ioTlOt~ oilCtO'tf.e;)169. Lf. liAUe; 1tSpt1t'tooaw;, 01. I1E~Po.~ tmv I!OUA1clroY Kat tWY ~aKou<piroy £7tEKtdvov'tav y1.o. 'toue; \01.0Ue; llry~ 1£0\) Qvan'tuoooV'tay Kat 'to. xropto. 1tOO UVflKav as ts'tOWU

t6xoo 'Yal.OlCTTlO'lSC; 170.

'H lvvota 'troy miilk 9iftlik, reoo U7tO'ttAOUV eva <Ireo 'to. O'uvTlet-

<mpu OOOTa'ttlCo. O'tOlXSta 'tWY yatWV 'trov 110uAKtrov Kat 'trov ~aKoU.uav, dvat nOAu Qoa<p1)<;. 'H ooo.<ptta au't1) o<pttAEtal at1)v tEpo.O''tta K01.~~ia roo; .• ApxtlCo. 01. yalE<; au'tsc; 1tapE'ixav to. areapaitT)-

171. G. Elezovic, 6.1C., cr. 41C.t

)Ig:. T. Gokbilgin, lb., cr. )93, 195, 191, 188,2 2,21. 1CI..1'[.

han V· k·1C·, cr. 195, 188,287,275. BA. £1ticrll<; 'AvuroAIKo TJ·l1Jpa. Sign: Istanbul-Defter· e, a uti 890 g.

174 M T Gokbil .

17' . . 0 1 gm, O.1C •• cr. 296. 193-194, 198. 191

65. "EtOI <> rUIXYUJ nuoci<; OIl~1ttPltAU~E crt6 ~Ol)AlCl tOtllCtl1~ata t!(lOl1~ d.~po~

1Cllpl tlltu<; (m6 tt' ~ - , ' -'

EI.' 'IV 7tCPlOX'1 torv L1C01tlOOV, tij~ LOq)l(l<; 1CUI tll~ lK01tOA.ll<;· 8A. G.

_ eZOVIC, O.1C., cr. 434-444. '0 LtX(l~1t£vtiv 1tuo<i~ ~t. t~ cstpe ron SllO ~O()AlCla ti\~ ~~toXii<; t~s q)lA~1t1tOU1tOAll<;' ~A. M. T. Gokbilgin. S.Il., cr. 260. '0 PovOtt~ Ita~ '0 ~OP(lIl?t)A1CUl 1l1t6 niv 1ttplOX~ til<; Viza Kat ti\<; KaAAI1tOAll';' ~A. 0.1C .• 0. -518-519 Nt ~o~pxo.v Il1ttll<; ouo tOl(j)All(to. crt"V aVaTt1AtK1i 8paKll. ~A. O.If., 0. 341. TtA~ (,

~ 70\lVt ~7ttll;; O:\JIl7ttPltAo.~t oro ~lOi>I\Kl tot) h'U tOlIjlAIU' S If .• 0. 404. 6. S.tr., 0. 333.

16& 6 .• , o. 386, 309·311 307 169 Jt ' •

. u It., 0.333 267-268 189 npA) - w~ ." • I 1-

III •• eolonisa . ' '. . " •. tou totou, «Les institutIOns soclales et cu ture

toIMIltS) ~on et I~ur action spirituelle dans la peninsule balkanique: les zaviycs

........ ~ muallImhane, (les eccles primaires) crt6 XV Congrcs International de

T _bul 1952, 0 255 lC.L

06kbil&in, Edime, a.fr., o, 517.

fPO flKEllXElE1l: 1:1 HN oe!lMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

MOY AKI KAI BAKOY<1lI

j( to t(Jl'nAiKt tOU MeO"ix 1tacrc'i o rriv Mixpu

(J7tp(J)V (v1t(J)\:o 'Y , ,<;: - ""

, 0;: 'Etal AOt1tOV on ot lO1OKt11'tE<; uurot seup-

,," A7tovElKV\l ' "I ' -

. , s q>OPEt1Kr\ ~opq>ij tK~E'tUAI\.EUO"1)<; 0"'t1) Y1) 'tOU<;,

l /..t;t(J)<; _ ta v oi towt UAAo. 6 U1tO'tEA ij<; 1tA 118uO"li0<;. AlYtO<;

lCaA/..l&pyoooa ' , "j:. -, 0 '

!C(I\ 6 /..oyo<; 7tOU 6Sr\YT)o"E cnijv 'tEpao'tta aU':>11O"11 roo EtOO 1)-

tO~. ' 'A A ~ r '

ot JWta~oi Kal 'to. upSW'ttKa K~~~ iu 1tE~t a~ ~vov{'tav ,~'ta

, f.l.aKoUq>W' O"UVE1tro<; ot 1utOK't1)<JtEe; au'tEe; I:: Xav son-

/..K\a teal tu I' ' , "0' AA '

fllC1\ U7tOataoT). Sty uv'tt1tpOOW1tE~a~ j:.~ta a8YF~nK11 1tPO?O 0, a_a

..... "EtO"t 1I0VO ~1tOPl::t va E':>11Y11 E1 11 1tapou<Jta norcucv

kta01l "1<;' r A' r ,

JC(IlIC(lW/..trov• ta ()1tota sty OU~1tEp1Aalipavov'tav, Ka'tapX11v, O"E tt-

J&Cipta. ., '6 - <;: '8 '

I\)~cp<l)va ~t rov iOAa~tKO vouo, 0 1tOtOC; vtaliopq>ffi 1)KI:: Ka'tffi

d1t6 ti<; KAt~atoAoYlKte; ouv8fiKE_<; :fic; 'Ap_a~tKi1c; X:p~ov1100U, ,'to V&jJO Kal oi 1tTl'Yte; ~1tOpouoav va a1totEAOUV O'tOlXEtO 101OK'(1)01(1(;

Kai, Kata ouvt1tEla, npoiov av'taAAaYfie;, 1tWA11O"1)C;, liE'ta'tp01ti1e; ot ~K06cpt K.'t.A. Oi KavoVEe; atltoi to"xuav Kat O't11V 68ffiliav1K11 au'toKpC1topia. iOlai'tEpa O"'tr\ M1Kpa ' Acto, 01tOU 6 U1tO'tEA11C; 1tA118uOliOe; !CatSj}aAAt. O"Uxva, «tEAT) i)0pEUo11e;» oro q>wuoo.PX1), o'tav oi KaAAlsp'Ytu:e; altanouO"av a.pOEl)OT)178 . 'E1ti011e; a1tO'teAouoav liSpoc; 'trov j}aKouq>irov ol notuuoi 1tOU Klvouoav VEPOliUAOUC;179, YLa 1tapUoE1Ylia, ll1tOU 1tOtl~av 'toue; 6pU~roVEC; 1tOU ~pioKov'tav o'tiC; axOEC; 'tOU "E~pou

!Cai trov 1tapaltOta~ffiv TOUI80•

Ol vo~aoE; O"uvij8ffie; aVfiKav o'ta oouA'tavlKu paKouq>La, Ka8we;

of CPOpOl ltOU Ka'tE~aAAav 1tpOOpi~ovTav, oihffiC; i1 UAAffiC;, YlU 'to Kpa'tOe;. LtOUC; 1tpw'toue; airovee; Tfie; 011li1OUpyiac; roii 60ffiliavlKou KP6.tou; ~qaAO ~tpoc; 'tOU VWq>Ep~tVOU 'tOUPK1KOU 1tA110UOliOU limv vo~OtC;. Lu~q>ffiva ~t oUlq>oPE<; liEAtn:e;, 6 vOliaolKOe; au'toe; 1tA118u- 0J10<; -oi YLOtJPOUKOl- a1tOTEAOUOE 't11 liu~a TOU 'tOUPK1KOU 1tA1)8uGJ10U ltOU ~ttOiK110E ~ETa 'tilv 60ffiliavlK11 Ka'tuK't1)01)181. Oi vOliaoEC; airtoi, 1tOU btv eYKataota81)Kav o ' €va cr\)YKEKP\.liEVO liepoe; O\)'t&

182. A. D. Novichev, «Turetskiye kochevniki XV-XVII \'V». (Olwi)pJ(O\ VOI·lCi&:.; rev 150-170 nlrovc), XXV mezhdunarodny Kongres vostok:OVedOI·. M\.1o-Xa 1960. c. 6 td.

183 M T Gokbilzi Ed' 2 09

. . . 0 1 gm, Ime ... , a.fr., o. 03-2 .

184. a.fr., cr. 213-215.

185. (br., 0. 581-582.

. 186. a.1I:., 0. 330-315. BA.. EIti.Ol1<; 'A ~"(lro~I~() TJlI]Jla, Sign: Seres-okruzhno upravle-

me, haselenie, XVI v.

187. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.tr., 0. 300-315.

117. (u., 0. 440.

118 6. L. Barkan, Kanunlar. 0. 70. 179 G Elezovie, 6.1£., 0. 14-18.

~ M. T. Gokbilgin, 0.1(., 0.370,489-494.

T ~\oIl, Rumelide ... , o.tr .. 0. 9-13

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

___ ,_"'~~ IXEl:EIl: l:THN oenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

" .... ~c £Kllttu)J .. soon; troY payui8roy

'_,. __ yait~ troy llouAtcic.oV Kat troY ~a1Co\)<piroy

'1M\ ~\K6<; opo<; yui 'tllV tSpuol1 ~uKouq>iou Tt'tUV it Xpl1m~onoi- 1P"\~va ~ 'too<; optO~100<; 'to\) KA.l1POSonp}191 'tf\<; KA.l1POSO'tOU~ 1t£p\Ouoiu<;. 1:'tllV m:pi1t't(J)<JT\ O~(J)<; noo 'to ~UKOOq>t npOEPXO- 1IW cbt6 110UA.K\ 'to'tE SEV unf\pXE SUVU'to'tl1'tU aA.A.l1<; ~opq>f\<; EK~E'16U.£UUl\<; ano U\)'tllV noo dXE 000 Tt'tuv 1100A.K\, npuYl1u noo ol1~ui.. ott ol 1l0pq>E<; tK~E'tUA.A.EUOl1<; noo tOXuuv o"CiC; 800 U\)'t&<;

mtTllOP~ Yii<; aA.A.l1A.OEn\.KUA.On'tov'tuv.

Elva\. lE"fOvo<; on o'tllv 6O(J)~uvtKll uu"CoKputopiu it q>EOUSuA.\.K"

1tp6G000<; Ku'tuVEIlE'tu\, aVUI1EOU oro q>EOUSUPXl1 KUt "Co KPU'tO<;. "Exutllov, (J'too<; KUVOUVVUIlESE<; 'trov 6e(J)~uvrov OOUA. 'tuv(J)v, ot q>t-

la. 6.K., a. 367. lfI b., a. 177.

190 To ~1C064p\ 'tOU YlOU 'tou MEXIlE't TaE)..qUti'\ CtTto'tE)..d tUTttKO TtapaOE\YIl~' '~

¥POOE to. EaooCl aTto to TtOpGlldo tOU TtotallOu "E~pOU ato t~allt 't~u _l[Jlill1l\06lM'\1Ct a't6 1l0UI..1Cl'tOU, a'tTtv TtEPlOXTt TalPIl&v, (To Xropl6 autO O£V To 1tOO6 QVtPl,6'tClV ~'tTlaiCJ)<; aE 1.500 liaTtpCl. BI... a.n., a. 318. «lUsprava Ali Causa ... », 6.n., a. 153.

. 192. Tou tOlOU, «Kanun-nama Sultana Sulejmana ... » 6.1r., 0.320-321. M. T. GOk:bilgin, a.Jr., cr. 380, 435-436 IC.o..

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

80u avuq>£poV'tat ~£ lOUe; YEVtKOUC; OpOUe; «OEKO:n:c; Kui' I

• < " 196'A" 1jl0POl»

OEKa.tTl Kat 01 pUylE qiopot» . 1t0 UUtO 1tPOKlJ1rtEl o'n (,

, _ , "l _ , _ KtcpUA. Ie

q>opoe;, EVro U1tOlEII.OUcrE uepoc ron nooob 1tOll £1tptm: Va. KUt A"l £1_

• ' s: • A "l "l " • Upll.llVl:>

oro KputOe;, uEV KutUpUlI.lI.OtUV UvuYKucrnKu o ' utJto' avtie

" "l _ , _ _. EtU, (}

XVU U1tOtEII.OUcrE uepoc tOU nocoo 1tOU KUpn:cOvov'tuv oi KUPlOl -

• • _ A • 'trov

IlOUAKtrov Kat troy puxouqnmv.

"Erct, yta. 1tUpa.()£ty~u, to repricrto ~UKOUq>t 'Wi) IOtJAttl1a.v Meti ~iC:£~PUttE ~6v~ t6V,KEq>UA~K6 oopo ~fie; n:?Al)e; Mn:OAUytp (Bolayir), svo 0 KEq>UAtKOe; q>opoe; troy XroptKrov 7tTnU1VE cro Kpa.'We;197. '0 KEq>UAtK6e; q>6poe; a1tOtEAoUcrE ~tpoe; tfie; npocooo» n:oG KUpn:cOvov'tUV ta. ~a.Kouq>tU tOU Moupcr nnod, tOU BUytu~it B' (ano ~u:plKa 116vo xroptu), 'tOU Kd~uv ~1ttl) KUt <'iAArovI98• It 1tOt.Aa. (110)e; ~UKOUeic, cru~1tEptAa~~avo~Evrov Kut trov crOUhUV1Krovl99, (, KEcpUAtKOe; oopo; 1tEptEPXOVtUV oro 0l)cruupOq>UAUKW200 (amma hsreclen vaku degildi)2°'.

'En:Et0tl oi KUtOXOt ~ouA1Cirov KUt PUKOUq>troV xupndivovmv onl1uvnK6 ~tpoe; 'tfje; npocoooo 1tOU npooptsOtUV ytli rriv OiKOVOl1t~ un:l)pEcriu 'tfie; uUtOKpu'topiue;, SEroPOUVtUV OiKOVO~tKU aVE~aptl1tot. A(no o~we; Stv Enl)ptu~E 'ttl Stcrl) trov puyta.Srov cr'ta. IlOUAKlU KUt ta ~UKOUq>tu, ot6n eKEtVOl1tAtlProvuv otiro»; fj {it.AWe; m'no to nooo, Td un:oAomu oucrurucd crtOtXEiu 'tfie; q>£OuoaAtKfie; npocoooo nou dcrtnpurrs " OiKOVO~tKtl u1tl)pEcriu tfie; uutoKputOptae; n:ptm:t va. t~ttUoroiiv KUtro a1t6 <'iAAo npiouc. L' uutU crU~n:tPtAUI1~a.VOVtUV n:OAA.ot oopot 1tOll E1tPE1tE vd KU'tU~Al)eOUV crt xpfil1U, Ku8cOe; Kui un:oxptcOcs«; KU'tU~Al)tb:;e; crt dooe; fj epyucriu, oi On:OiEe; crUYKPOtOUcruv I1ta. iStuin:Pl1 xurrryopiu q>6pwv (avariz-i divaniye ve tekaJif-i 6rfiye). 'Y nfipxuv crUYKEKPt~EVOt A6yot 1tOll E1tE~UAAUV toUe; q>opoue; UlJtOUC;, SllAUStl oi 'tptxoucrEe; avuYKEe; tfie; KEvtptKfie; SwiKl1crl1e;' crUVEn:roC; ti 'Y'VllAtl IIuAl1 Stv ~1tOpOUcrE vd !Oue; n:uPUXroPtlcrEl crtOUC; KUtOXOUC; trov ~OUAKiwv Kut trov ~uKouq>irov. Tid 'to AOYO Ulna, to KpatOC;

195. ***, D. Ihchiev, «Tourskite vakufi V.,,», 0.1[,,0,244-245.

196. M. T. Gokbilgin, 0.1[.,0. 273-274.

197. o.fr" 0. 163.

198. o.fr., 0. 336, 378, 473, 213, 220, 284. 457 .

199. o.fr., 0. 515, 499.

200. o.fr., 0. 407, 515, 208, 500.

201. o.fr., 0. 177.

~:. ~·aBa.l~hev, D. !hchiev, «Privilegiite ".» o.fr., 0. 147. r

,.; ~~ t11 ouv6&?TI 'tTlC; <POPOAOYl1cTje; npocooou "tmv lloUAKirov Kai 'tmv paKoU<jl\{J)v .. Zcmi tt&t~~ altO "tolie; <P&OU6UPX&e; Pl.. 'A varoA1Ko Tuiiua, Sign: Istanbul-Defter~~ odalna eksploatatsiya, XVI v., lstanbul-Defterhane, Vakufi, 890 g. M. _....,6.11'.,o.I.63-166, 171, 178,263,273. G. Elezovic, o.n., o. 57_58,1089-1090. --.D.lhchlev, 6.1C., 0.145-151.

MOYAKl KAl BAKOY<ll1

pOflll. l.r EHl1HHNOenMANIKHAYTOKPATOPIA

q> uOaA1KEs 1tpooo50u~ oe nOAAa 1-10DAKta Kai H£1)uUUI, civ 01 pay laDEs tWV yatwv atrrwv oev ~apDvOVLav

....... mv IwtU~O) ~ tWV napanavw q>OpOAOYlKWV uno-

1tl~OA~ rou; ytVOt!lV ~avtot~ 1-1£ rriv ~~O~OTl EVO~

VIO Lt~V npUYl-1anKO'tTlta, Tj anaAAaYTl tWV pay la-

W AKtWV KUl trov ~aKouq>LwV ano 'tis i)1tOXPEroOEt~ aUt£~,

Jot UVOVU~ aAAa J.laHov t~uipwTj nOD yworcv Jl£ tVtOAtl tf)~

" OIOII(TJOTJ.,·

J.l nOAAt~ nATJPoq>opiE<; yta rriv t~aipEoTj tWV paytaoffiv

v v PUKOlJq>LffiV ano tOV nATlOuollO nOD 1)taV unoxpEwll£vo~ tU~AAEI rov svstiz-i kesen. ,"Et?l, £~a XWPIO t.ou. ~~Ko~q>ioll

Bal1al;it B' LIXE t~(llPE8Ei ano tOU<; oopoix svsnz-t divsniye ve if.lortiye. To I(U8Eotro<; EVO<; ano 'ta rptu xwpta tOU ~aKouq>ioll UXUj.l7tEvttV naou ~tUV aVaAOYO. Kurd tonou<;, 1)tav Sovcrov vc ulpd)ti OAOKATjPOs 6 nATlOucrIlO<; EVO<; ~aKouq>iou ano tOD<; napamiVfI) ~poU~201. 'H t~atpEcrTj IlEPOU<; tOU ~aKouq>IKOU nA.TlOUOIlOU ano tO~ tnax8ds xni nOAuapl8llou<; «~KtaKtOu<;» oopou; b£V unopst xapa vd 9EffiPT]8d <pOpoAoytKtl anaAA.aytl· I1pEnEt, OIlW~, vri t~TJY"ftouv Kai to. pa8utEpU aLna auti)<; ti)<; t~aipEcrTle;·

Ol pal1aOE<; tWV paKou<piffiV nOD aVi)KUV crt OOUA rdvou; Kai tjltP"os~ anoAaIlPavav Kupiffie; ttl <P0POAOYIKtl at)Ltl unaAAaytl, 1i onoiu Qxattoum: ~KoOcrT] <ptPllaVtffiv204• <DUcrtKa, a KatOXOe; LOU 1l0UA.Kiou ~ tOO jiaKouq>iou EnpE1t€ vd E1tlotro~€1 tllV EKbocrTl EVO~ rsroioo qnpucvtoo: apu, so. Enp€n€ vd elvci cnuuivov npootono, {iv 0Xl a L81O~ 0 (JOuAtavo~. '0 crKono~ 1)tav aA.oq>avEpo~: (iv t~atpoucrE tOu~ payuiOt~ tOU ano tOD<; tnaxeEi~ KpanKoue; q>opou~, ea cruvSpaA.A€ ornv a~"cr" tOu nAou'Wu roix; xul, EnoIlEVWe;, crriv aU~TlcrTl ti)e; <pOpOAOlUCi)<; 1tpocro8ou nOD 'tOU KatEpaA.A.aV 01. paytaOEe;, bTlA.aOll 8€KatE~ 'YE{J)P,,(t1(WV npoiovtov, eopo»; tnt. ti)e; xmvotpooicc K.t.A. 'R t~uipeon tOW paYlaoffiv uno tOUe; q>opoue; 1)tav a xuptorspo; napayovtU~ 1(OU cruvtpaAE OtllV npo)'toq>avll aU~TlcrTl LOU EiO'OOllllaLOe; ocru)V KU-

n:tXav paKouq>lKa xwpta. Iti~ nEp17rtc.OoEl~ noo {) nAnG '

w n. '1.): -.l. '1 lIOjlO V

1I0UAKiou Tj .... oxooqnou t...,atpouvtav uno tOo~ <poPO\)(" avs d

r Al'f' .. ii ., j:: , , r ':) aflZ-1 Ivam

ye ve teka 1 -i or lye, Tj E..,alp£O'Tj cum Ot)llatVE tUl>tovpov u 6

_ ~' T '>: ' A. U Oll

KutOX0<; tOU lloolI.KtOU ElX!; to oucououu va O\)AA.£YEl Kf.II\U) , ,

, '~8 '205 1.): ~ 'r 't' .lKO q>opo

ano to pavu: nll.Tl UO'Il0 ,t...,aoq>all.h,OVtac; hen ~lla t>notu1tWO

" ", _ ~, ~ 11 Ot

KOVOjllKTj ao'tovollta svroc rov opuov 1Tj~ yf)~ roo. Auto to tOl '

, '>: ,T , , Ul!Epa

crTJllav~tKO YEYovo<; _UEV ntcv 0 Kav~v~~ Yl,a ,;0 covoxo tou ollcrt~jlU-

tO~ tOU 68WllavlKou <p€Ou8aAlallou, aAAa Eva xpovouto not) '(ax Yla ilia tKAEKtt)IlElO'I'Tlq>ta ti)e; <p€OU8UAIKf)~ apxouau<; ta~ TJ<;' a1t~~ tEAOUO'E uva~<pi~oAa vi KTj tTje; 8ton KUtop8ffioE hal vc U1tuA.A.uyd ano tOV OtKOVOlllKO Kat 8101KTjtlKO EA€yxO twV 6pyavwv tf)~ KEVtPlKf)~ 81OtKTjOTje; crt IlEPIKt<; tKtaO'€I~ tT]e;. Ilpcjuunxd, at OPlolltvE<; nEpl1ttc.Ocr€l~ U1tayopEUOtaV pTjta crou; UnC1AA.~AO\)~ tOU 0Tjcra\)po<pOAaKtOU vd «napEIl~aivouv» O'ti~ un08tcr€lC; twv yatwv autwv206. To npovollLOUXO auto KaeEO'tc.O~ 1)taV npoq>avw~ unOt£AEO~a tf)e; npffitOpouAiae; tWV Ka'toxwv 1l0UAKtWV Kai ~aKoo<piffiV, of onoiot, a.<jlOU un£KtTlcrav to olKaiwlla va xupmovovtm tOV KE<pUAlKO eopo, Ot~ auvtxua 1tstUxav 'tt)v EK800'Tl qnpuuviou nou t~alpouoE 'toue; pay 10.- 8E~ tOU~ ano tOue; eoooo; svsriz-i divaniye ve tekalif-i ortiye.

, A1to tU1ttKllli1tO'l'Tl, 'Ii UnaA.AaYtl aut~ XOPllYOUVtav atOUe; payux- 8£~ tOO paKooq>iou Kai 0Xl crov KUtOXO 'tOU, "(10. UUtO KUt O£v cereXffiPl~OtaV OtOV ti'tA.O i8tOKtTlo{a~, uAM. apt~o'tav 11£ d81KO <ptpjlavi. "Erot 1i KEV'tptK1l8wiKTlO'Tj Surrqpoiios to 8tKatffijlU va a.nooupu 'to npovouto auto, to onolo, pEPaiw~, 8£v OOllnEptAUIl~uvOtUV OlO «Ka8EO'tc.O~» tOU 1l00AKiou ii tOU paKouq>ioo. It nOAA£~ nEpl1ttroaEle;, Tj K€VtPIKll OloiKTlO'Tj clnAWe; uq>a.tpoucre ta npovollta nou KanO·tf: ElXE napaXffipt)O'El crtOUe; payta8Ee;. Auto crovtp" atOUe; XWPtKOU<; tOU Konus tnt Bayta~i't B '207, O''tO MaAKO Tupvopo Kat at aAAU xwptU ttlV L8ta nEpio00208. "AAAot£ 1taAl 'Ii K€VtPtK~ 81OiKTJO" av£atEIAA.E ta '(8ta tTjC; 'ta 8tataYllata xwpie; liAATl 81aOtKaoiu, xui tots 0 nATJ9ucrllo~ aVaYKa~OtaV vd aywvtcrn:i yta 'ttlv tnuva<popu 'tou~209.

205. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.If., cr. 284, 276.

206. a.If., cr. 183, 185. G. Balaschev, D. Ihchiev, a.If., napaptTJf.la.

207. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.If., cr. 417.

208. a.If., cr. 434 .

209. O. L. Barkan, KanunJar, cr. 85.

202. a.If.: e. 417. ~. L. Barkan, Kanunlar, cr. 85. L6 1tl;pi1ttCJ)crll1tatOollas6>f1<l'Co~ 01 ~ rou ~l(ouq>toU t~atpoi)vtav. G. Elezovic, a.7C., cr. 36-38.

:. a.If., o. 25?: 276, 284, 233-234, 213, 414, 417,260.

. G. E1ezovlc, a.Jr., o. 36-38. M T G"kb'I'« 417 0" L Barkan, Ks:

lIIfIJIar, c, 82, 21 . . 0 I gin, 0.7C., cr. ..,

rpOTl~~ ~Xn:EIL l:THN 000MANIKH AYTOKPATOP~ tl!-_------

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&XJl&tl-l "'I' CI' r s '''~,

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U j.1Ej.10vO>j.1EVEe; 1tEp'lTC'troaEle;, ol ota<poP01tot'1)<JEle; <J't1)V f:Kj.1EtciA.AsuaT) 'trov puyt(ioro~ a'ta PUKOU<pta EmKuprovov'tav I-l-t d8tKOIJC; lCavouvvUj.1EOEC; !tOU bEY f:K8i80vmv U1tO 't1)v KEV'tPtK'Tl olOiK11a11, aAM altO tOUe; lOtOUe; 'toue; topu'tte; 'trov PUKOUq>t(j)V. "Etot, Yla 1tupaOEt,,(I-lU, 0 Kcciu Jtuaae; E~toroaE Evav KUVOUVVUI-l-E Yla 'toue; Ka'tOiKOUC; tOO Nrpuivobo, 0 o!toioe; OP1~E 'ta aKOAOUea <JXE'ttKa I-l-E 'tTl <pOpOAOyia: ltEVl1v'tU1ttv'tE (i01tPU YU1 KE<pUA1KO <popo, Ka'tupA1'\'tEa uovo a1to tOU; apXTJYOUe; 'to)V a1tl'ttwv' Ka'tapY11<J11 'tile; 'tUK'tlKile; da<popue; yHi oa~o ,!Cai ~uAa' 0 <pO poe; 'tou yal-l0u opia'tT)KE <JE ElXOat1tEV'tE aaltpo. Y1U ru UVu1tuv'tpa xopirotn Kat OEKU1tEv'te Yla 'tte; xilpee;' it OEKutl1 JtEp\Opl1~O'tuv O'to 06KatO tile; 1tapayroyile;' Opi<J'tT)KE av'ti<Jtotxa ~ lCa't~PoA~ EVOe; (ia1tpou ava OEKa KU\j1EAEe; KUt OEKa Xoipoue;. '0 csOUOUPXT)e; otv j.11tOpOUaE va u1taltl1m::l oopoi»; 1tOU OEV crul-l-1tEp\'AU~-

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'A~i~Et vd u1toypa~l-liaouI-l-E f:oro on U1tilPXE EV'tOVOe; ouvrnprrna~oe; at1) <popoAoyia trov paKOU<plKWV yatrov. StPOUI-lE on to. PUKOU<pta dXav 't1)v U1t0XPEro<JT) va Otat11PoUV ti~ 1-l0p<pte; EKj.1Elo.HwaT)C; 1tOU taxuuv (na KA11Povo~lKa ~ouAKta. 'Enicnq, to cocrnuc auAf.oYile; trov <pOPOAO'¥tKroV npooooev oro paKou<pt E1tpE1te vu nupaj.1etvEl aI-lE'tapA11tO I-l-E'ta 't1)v a<ptEproaT). Aero evvoouauv ol 68roj.1uvoi ouyypa<pEi~, Otav UVE<pEpav Ott ta PUKouq>la, «E1tPE1tE va. OlOlKouVtUl atOUe; airovEe; trov airovrov» 01troe; Opl~e it otae1)Kll roo KAT)po06tT)214. 'H auveeaT) tile; <pOpoAoytKile; npocooo» 1tOU KUttpat",AUv oi paYla.OEe; ata PUKou<pta Kaeroe; Kat ta KUtapA11tEU nooti 1tUPEI!£lVUV uj.1wipA11'ta E1tt airovEe;. 'E~aAAOU aE l-l-eplKOUe; ~aKou<pVUI-lEOEe; aVUq>EPOrev P11ta Ott 0 KAT)pOOOt1'\e; otv E1tEtpE1tE T1)V EmpoAl1 VEroV <pO pev (bid'at) a10 Ka'tapA11tEO 1toa0215. "Otcv, AOt1tOV, a1a. 1£).T) tOU 160u airova it autoKpatopia ppE811KE aE oiKOV0j.11K1) KpiaT) Kat ~!tE~(lA.e crUI-l1tA11prol-l-attKou~ eopoix, cizye, bedel-i hamr. ciiliis-i humayiin, 01 paYtaoE~ 'trov paKou<pirov otal-lap1up1)911Kav Otl E1tPOK£l'tO yui bid'at.

212, 'AvaroAIK"O Tpiipa, Sign: OAK 217 8.

213. BA. 6.1C.

214. H. Hadjibegic, «Rasprava Ali Causa ... )1, O.1C •• o. 153.

215. G. Elezovic, 6.1C .. o. 57-58.

210. G. Elezovic, {5,1C., o, 57-58. m M. T. Gokbilgin, {5,1C., c. 178,

I ponKEl- U;H11THN OenMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

177

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'16 ' r 217" .. r C;

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216. 'AVarOAIK"O TJ.lfjJ.la, Sign: F. I, ed. 15115.

217. G. Balaschev, D. lhchiev, a.n., 0. 145-151.

218. 'AvaroAIK"O TJ.lfjJ.la, Sign: Nikopol-vakufsko upravleniye Rabi II 835 g.

219. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.n., 0. 220.

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.. A)J,.t~ llOPq>EC; bq.lE1UA.A.ED01l~

tot> 1tA.lle\')0~OD 01U ~OUA.1(tU KUt 1U pUKouqnu

222. M. T. Gokbilgin, 6.1f., 0.517. V. Moutaftchieva, «Za prilozheniyeto na robskiya trud v osmanskoto stopanstvo prez XV-XVI v.», CH XPllO\~o1toi1l0T1 Ti'\~ tpraoi~ tiil.v OOUAroV orriv oero~avlKt\ autoKpatOpia, 150~-16o~ airovn), Sbomik v chest na Mann

Drinov, roq>tQ 1960, 0.510 K.t

223. O. L. Barkan, «Toprak i~r,;iliginin ... 11)), 6,1f. r' 5.'tl acpopa 'to siirgun ~A.. 't~

ilhou, «Les deportations comme methode de peuplement et de colonisation dans I'emplre ottoman», Istanbul Univetsitesi lktisat Fakiiltesi Mecmua 'si XI/l-4.

.!!!_-----r-PO .. -T1KE~El:EI1: l:THN OeQMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

.,opo oro K£VtPliCO tuusio troy oT\l-l0oirov YUtrov' ol KUP10l i.o)V tv dxuv to OlKuirol-lu va tOUs I-lEtUKtvOUV U1tO ta XroPHl, u atO\KOOOUV, otis yuiES troy I-l0UA.Kirov. "Erot it l-l0vT\ e1tlAoy~ 1tOU Q1t£I-lEV£ Yla va btOtKtOtOUV oi epT\l-lroI-lEV£s 1tEplOXEs T)tuv ~ OOUA.EUI Kui QAA£S I-lOpq>Es oU'Y'YEvEls I-lE UUt11v.

np&nEt va OT\I-lE1OOOOUJ..lE on \mf\px£ J..lqaAT\ 1tOtK1Aiu otis uopcpt~ tKJ,l£taAAsuOl1s tOU J..l11 pUytUOtKOU 1tAT\SUOJ..lOU troy J..lOUAKtroV KUt trov ~uKouq>irov. "Erot E~T\ydtUl ytu'tt it KEv'tPtK11 olOiKT\OT\ OEV ElXE 9to1tioEt vOJ..lou~ ~ OEV aOKOUOE n.q'X,o. KaSE KUplO~ J..lOUAKiou El'X,s mv EUX&PEtu va KuSopioEt EAEUSEPU 'tTlV EKJ..lE'taAAEuoT\ 'tOU \)1tO'tEAii tOU ltA-r,SuoJ,lOU (1tATlV 'trov puytaorov). Ol Ka'to'X,Ot J..l0UAKirov T)tuv auvTlSros uvootutOt O'tputHO'ttKOi 1tOU Eq>EPVUV Ku'ta t11V e1ttotpoq>~ tOU~, c.O~ Aaq>upu, OEKaoE~ oKAa~ou~, i\ avoo'tu'tOt a~troJ..lu'tou'X,Ot 1tOD dxuv tTl ouvuto'tT\'tu vd ayopaoouv oKAa~ou~, ·tOU~ 01tOtOUs Kut ouxva £YKuStOtOUouv Oti.~ Y<lIEs 'tOU~. Elvci 'X,<lP<lK'tT\ptcrttKO on, ti~ 1ttO 1tOAAE~ q>OPE~, 1tPro'tu a1tEAEUSEPWV<lV tOU~ oKAa~ou~ <lU'tOD~, 6voJ,la~ov'ta~ roue azadlu i\ atik -1tPOOT\v (J1(Aa~OUe;- Kui J..lEta 'tOD~ towuv Yii O1:a J..l0UAKtu yta vd 'tTlV KuAAtEPYOUv.

To xropto Tpiorevix (Tristenik) orriv TIAEUV<l (Pleven), 1tOU avii-

KE otO 1i0UAKt 'tOu r<l~f\ Mt'X,aA J..l1tET\, a1to'tEAd 'X,UpuK'tT\ptcrnKo ltUpaOEtyJ,lU 'tf\e; Kutao't<lol1~ <lu'tf\e;. '0 ytOC; tOU, ME'X,I-lEt J..l1tEll~, tq>EPE OEKU1tEV"tE E'Y'YUI-l0Ue; J..l0uoouAl-lavoue; a1to 't11v 'Ep~qo~ivl1 K<lt tOU~ £ylCutEo'tll0E OE «EPT\l-lroI-lEVO» 'X,ropto. '0 ytO~ tOU Xt~ip Eq>EpE ciA.A,Ee; O&lCU OiKOYEvEtEe; I-lE'ta t11V K<ltaAT\'I'T\ 'tou q>poupiou 'tf\~ M1tPE~o~ (Brezova) (;) lCui ti~ EYlCU'tEO'tT\OE oro 'X,ropt0224. Oi oKAa~ot 'wu Moootu¢ J..l1tET\, -1ttSuvroe; 1tPOKEttat yta a1t0YOVO 'tou r<l~ii Mt- 10.1..- ltOU E1tiOlle; EYK<l't<lo'taST\KUV ElCEI, ii't<lV ouvoAlKa OEK<ltEocn:p~225. To 1tUpaOEtYI-l<l uu'to OiVEt I-lla 0<lq>11 E1XOV<l 'trov I-lEOroV 1tOD 1PT\01J,lOlt010UOUV OtUOO'X,tKEe; YEvcte; K<ltO'X,WV I-l0UAKirov yta va. ~KO\1Cioo\)V ta EYlCut<lAEAElJ..lI-lEV<l 'X,ropta rooc.

Tov 150 lCui 160 UtOOVU EYK<lt<l0'ta9T\K<lV 1tOAAoi. 1tpooT\V OKAa.~ot ot 11061..lC1U. r: eV<l I-l0VO 'X,roptO tOU I-l0UAKiou 'tOU 'E~pEvo~ I-l1tEll' tn6 XUA~'t~1\ tile; rKtOUI-l0UAtsiv<le; (K0I-l0'tT\V11), EYKut<lotaSllKUv

'tptaV't(1 'tEOOEPU; (J1cAa~O\ 'tOU226. r .. t~V aVU'tO).llC~ 0paK 6 .. I.

T ,<;:, " <;: T\ V ......

crnpcav ll-l0upta<; uUO XroplU 1tOU uTlI-lLOupy1\eTllCav Kui xutoi '

xuv a1tO 'tOu<; oKAa~ou<; tau 1tUOU a\.l'tou. "Eva a1tO 'to. X(J)PwK 0:

dXE f:YKutuAElq>9Ei 1-l0Ale; 'to KuttAu~uv 01 'Oeffil-luvo{ ('tOMA.lO 1: 6vol-la l1'tav Korounj-". '0 Kupu'tsa 1taOae;, yal-l1tpOe; to\) MEX~'t TOEAEI-l1tf\, t8PUOE Eva I-ltKPO XffiptO o'to ~uK06q)l tou Ot~V aVatOA. K~ ,0paKTl' ,tOU £8ffiOE "to 6v~,l-la Halv~ci :akih xai 'to f:1tOiKUJE ~ 1tproTlv oKAu~ou~ 'tOU. AAAO Eva XffipLO, to Deli Sahin, ot~V KaUi- 1tOATl K<lto\K~erl1cE a1tO 1tproTlv oKAa~oue;, I-lt f:~UiPEOTl 060 i\ tpia a'tol-lu. ' A~isEt va oT\~Etroed Ott of oKAa~ol otv aVf\KuV OAOl otov Kapa'tsa nuori, uspucol a1to Ull'tOUe; dxav aAAou<; xupiouc. '0 Ko't~a Xtsip ll1ttll tYKU'tEO'tTlOE f:1t'ta otKoytvW:e; 1tproT\V oKM~(J)v a'to I-l0UAKt tOU orriv 1tEptOX1\ tf\~ KEOaV'1e; (Kesan). nonoi 1tproTlV oKAa~ot \)1tiipx<lV E1tioTle; OtO ~UKOUq>l 'tOU 'AAf\ l-l1ttTl. at~v ' Aopla-

VOD1tOA 11228•

"Onex; slvm q>UcrtKO, OAO\. oi 1tproTlV oKXa~ot o'ta l-loUAKla Kai tei

~UKOUq>tu dX<lv E~tOAulltotEi, YE"{OVOe; 1tOU U1tOtEAOUOE 1tpOll1tOeEaTl yta 'tT)V U1tEAWeEproo1\ roue. "Enoipvcv 'to ovo~a tali 1tproTlV xupiou roue 1tOU tOUe; ElXE XUpioEt t~V EAEU9Epiu229• I.E 1tOAAte; 1tEpl1t'trooEle;, 'ta a'tOl-la tf\e; KutT\yopiae; utrtiie; E1tatpVUV tov thAO tOU guJeman-i vakJ.f230. 'Eni 'tiie; ~<lcrtAEiu~ 'tOU I.OUAEtl-laV A' o't~v M\'Kpa ' Aaia231 1tOAAOt X<lVt8EC; XaP<lKtTlpisov'tuv Ii& t~V E1tffiVUl-lta a\)'t~. Iloui ~'tuv, crnv 1tpaYl-lanKotll'tu it KOtVroVtK~ KUt VOl-llK~ Ka'taataaT\ 'troY 1tPO-

oro1trov uUtrov;

I.UI-lq>rovu I-lE tie; VOI-lOeEttKE~ Otu'ta~Ete;, «0 1tproTlv oKM~oe; 'tOU

puytU elver p<lytae; tOU o1taxii 'tOU)}232, ST\Aao~ 0 SOUAOe; a1tOK'tOUaE tT)V KOtVroVtKT) etoll roii npdmv xupiou roo. "Eroi oi 1tproTlV OOUAO\ xuroixrov troy 1tOAErov a1tOKtOUOav t~V KOlVroVtK~ 9toll 'troy 7tp<Ol'IV xopirov tOUe;233. I1tv tOXUE OJ..lro<; to tStO Yla LOUe; OOUAOUe; a'ta J.10UA.-

226. a.n.

227. a.n., cr. 404-406.

228. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.ff., cr. 236-237,450, 322, 244, 248.

229. a.n., cr. 322,450, 236-237.

230. a.n., cr. 244, 322.

231. O. L. Barkan, a.ff., cr. 411-412.

232. Toii nhou, Kanunlar, cr. 51. ..·914 .....

233. rrp~A. 'A varoAIK6 TIJiiIJa, Sign: Tatar-PazardJIk., Kadiya Danutsl,

214 ~. L. Barkan, «Toprak ~i1iginin .. .n», a.n., 412. a:. e. 41l.

MOY tiKI KAI BAKOV<I>I

1tapa 16 on uvijKav 1tPOTrYOUlltvoo<; 1t q>avw, 'v uvaK'toi)ouv 1tAnpW<; 1nV EAE\J~ "UK 1.tT1 w., Eva PUeIl6, iJ1ton:A£ie; 016v 1tproTlV KUpu:'

I( I OUIl altO to dooe; 't(i)~ ~opwv 1t?~ 1t~npWv~v',it =: a .. IwOapa q>WLJOaAlKTl, 01tWe; Kal 0 'tU1tOe; 'tTle; EKIlE'taA~ E aHol, 1l0Aovon elxav t~toAa~uo'tf;i, IlEPtKOi IOOUOav vu ttATWroVOUV KEq>aAtKO q>opo. nOAU tVOUlq>tpov, " n TJv {in:oljlll, civrn ~va l'YY~aq>o 1tOll ~q>o~a 10 ~aKOllq>t 'toi) l'J Il1tETj oro BouA yapoXWPl o'tnv 1tf:ptOXTl 'tOU ~Kou1apt (Skho. ). Katw dno ni ovolllltU 'tro~ 1tf:PlO?O;SPWV ~pffiTlV ~KAa~~v ron u av(upq>oVtal roC; guleman-I vakl[ U1tapXEt Tl (1)IlEtWOTl on «00<; guJam toU napa1tCivw ~~Kouq>io~, 1tATlP~VEt 0_10 P~KO~q>l XUP~'tal rn K q>UAIKO q>oPO» Kat 1tapUKU'tW, 0't0 (1)IlEtO 1tOU ytVE'tat AOyo<;

ui rou; ll1tOAOl1tOUe; puytaOEC; 'tou paKOUq>tOu, uvaq>£pEtUt on «oi anOI a1tlotOl nou Ku'tapaAAouv 010 oouA'tavo rov KEq>aAtKo eopo, 9Q 1tATjPWVOUV 010 PUKOllq>t 't11 01tEV'tSU Kat 'tOue; UAAOUC; q>OpOU<;»235. Ta a1too1taOllu'tu ulna an:oKaAU1t'tOUV tvowq>tpoV'ta Ot01XEia: (a) oi guJam 9EWPOtlV'taV umotot 1l0Aovon €lxav t~loAalltOtEi, tvro 01 U1tOAomOI XPlonuvoi paytaSSe; avaq>tpovtat roe; «uAAOt umotot>)" (~) 1l0AOvon ~'tuv 1l0UOOuAllaVOt, n:A11Pwvav KEq>aAtKo eopo Kat (y) E1tEIO" btPOKEI'tO yta 1tpffiTlv oKAapouc;, Sty KattpaAAav to eopo au'to oro oouAtavo, aAAa oro q>wuMpXTl, tov n:pffiTlv KuptO roue. "A v to OUYKEKP\Jl.EVO paKouq>t OUIl1tSptAaIlPavo'tav o't"v Ka'tTl'Yopia trov ~aKouq>iwv, ota onoiu 0 lCEq>uAtKOC; oopo; avlilCE EOOUe; £~apxij<; oro q>EOuMpXTl, Sty ea lmliPXE Aoyoe; va lCatapaAAouv 01 xptotluvoi 'to <popo al)'ro Ot"V oilCovOlltlC" o1t1)pwia 'tlie; ao'tolCpa'topiac;, 01too<; 9ci OXpElAUV, Ka'ta 'to vOIlO.

'A1to ta JtapaSE1Ylla'ta 1tOU 1tapaOttoullE euivetct lCaOapa ott oi

1tpWTlv oKAapOt trov lCU't0XWV 1l0UAlCiwv (ot av'ti9Eoll Ilt oKMpou<; P«Ylaowv ~ xcrotxev 1tOAEwv) t~alCoAouOouoav va ExOUV oPtOlltV&<; \>1tolPEwOEtC; a1ttvav'tl orov 1tpffiTlv lCuptO roue. MOAovon ~'tav q>&OOOaA.tKO Kat o't" 1l0pq>" Kat orriv oooia tou 'to lCaeEO'tffie; 'tlic; £KI1&tclA.UU01le;, 0't0 01toio €lXav o1taxOEi IlEta rov t~1.oAalltoIlO Kai t~V G1tEA.Eu9tpwo" rouq, ol 1tpffillV OKA.aPOt Sty ~11topouoav va oUllm:pt-

ATj<p8ouv 010U~ puytabf.<; xui ti oew~UVI1(n blOll(

, "<;:" ' 'T}0'T} <p

KU1£TUOOE OlOU~ pUytUu£~, t.<pooov I(Cl"CtAuAf nv

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OlOV lCa'tOXO 'tOU 1l0U",KtOU. To y£)'ovo~ ulno d '

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010tXEtOU nou XapaK"CTlpl"C mv K01VWVtlC'n Kui v '

_ ' 1 'A"\ , 'I OjJ.IK'T} <Ila

tWV 1tPW'T}V OK",apWV: '11UV 1tA'T}PW~ iJnol£Ar.\1" O"C '

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tOU~, t.VW ot U1tO",Ot1tOl paytaOCI" "\"Cav UTtO"Cf.1 eic '

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II r " '1 r Kat pUlCO <p

(KauW~ KUt OE uepuco OOUII. "CaVtKa xama) -ri"CUv Q.rroyovo 'n

'0 ir .t ~ <;: I O'1(}.upw

vOlla"ovtav oproxrcnoec (ortak911ar). L.t Q.Vti8COTj 11£ rr r dJ

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r " r':> 'I ICOIVWV1·

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r 1 'A ( • J )236 0' P ., U ar

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(d "j h b)237 K ' e ,,- ., "" 'I lC; a!-u ar, . at,ot Kat~IKo~ 0IlW~ 't'T)~ ~aAKaV\Kijc; XEPOOV~OOU,

1tO~ elXUV ytvEt olC~aPOt 1t?tV "CTlV 1taytoooTl 'tij~ o900IlUVllC~C; KatOX~c 01U ~UAKavw" K~t IlEtCl~!:p9TlIC~v Otl1 M1Kpa ' Aolo, tyKu"Cuo"Cae'T}~ xnv 00<; 6p'taK;;oTlOE~ ere paKouq>ta 'trov 1tPWtOOV OOuA-ravoov. "E"C01 U1trypxav 1tOA~ot_6p'talC't?ijoEC; OtO PUKOU<pt TOU couxrdvoo 'OPXa\', O~TlV 1tEP~OXTl ;TlC; npouo~~238. '0 Bay tUsh B' IlEtt"Cp£IjIE llE'Yo.),o IlEPO~ tou ~~otOu :ou crnv 1tEptoXl1 tijc; Kovorcvnvoonosnc ot paKou<pl rou tuupsnou rou, Triv E1t0Xl1 EKEtV'T} UltijPXllv 163 xwpta ?'t,ov Ka~a, ~1tO 'ta o1toia 110 KatOtKOUVTav ano Op'tUK"CO~OEC;239, tvro o aplOIlOe; rev oKAapwv nou dXav 1tapEt yij E<ptavE 1t~ 10.000 jJ.ast Ilt 'tiC; yuvaiKE<; xui to. 1tUlOta 'tOue;24O. 'Op1aK'toijoEC; U1tijpxuv Kai ot: 1toAM llouAlCta Kai paKou<pta £lliPTlowv, 01tWC;, yta 1tapaO&t"fjJ.a, to\) L.OUAEi:llaV 1tUOa oro M1tOAayip, tOU L.tvav 1taon oro LKoDtapt, t~C; Xoovrl XUtOllV xui tOU Xoucstv ll1tt'T} orriv Ka/./.i1tOA'T}, roii MOl)otu<pn 1l1t£Tl KUt liAAwV24I• Alno llaC; OO'T}yei o"Co oUjJ.1ttpaolla on oi

236, O. L. Barkan, KanunJar, 0. 90 K.L

237. ~A.. 0.1(.

238. 0.1(., 0. 106.

239. O. L. Barkan, «Toprak ... » o.n., 0. 432,

240. o.n" 0. 437.

241. 0.1(" EY'Yp. XIV, XLIV, 0. 413, 406 K,t;. 'Yui tou.; ortaxfllarat6.1l0uJ..Kla lCai fa

234, M. T. Gokbilgin, 0.1(., o. 237. 235. O,1C., o. 322.

I POTIKH 1. El:rI~ n~ OeOMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIJ\

0llO" VnItP?OlO~£Uav Eva oll,fJ.av't:KO 't~f\~a 'tou nA"':!9uo1lOU Ka 1 pyot:OE tls Illl 't'lllapHO't'lKE~ ya1E~ 'tll~ 09WfJ.aVtKll~ U\J1:0.

pel opla.,. , r 9' -, 'I:.;r.. ~

H KOlVO>VlKrllCal VOllllCll EOll rtov optuxrcnorov rrrcv 1:EII.EiOl~

larpoPEtlKll ano roii unoA~tnOU ~AT)9uoJ.!oU., 'H l)7t?'t£AEl~ :OU~ "tav 1tpOOW1tllCrl, O~V J.!~op?Uoav v~ h~ataAWJl~UV ru :xwpta ?1tOU ~ploKotaV ~ yij nou :OU~ Et~E 009:1, OEV, d~av to 01~atwJ.!a ~U lCa· VO\N bnyalllE~ 1-1£ tOU~ paytaOEe; OUtE Kat va aOXOAOUVtat J.!E liAAO

1tanEAl-1a ano trl YEwpyia242. 'Y1tf\pxav autoi ol neptopiouoi Oto'n ano VOll1lCrl li1tO\jlll, OEV 9Ewpoi)Vtav anEAW9EPWfJ.EVOt: «oi 6ptUlCtOij. Bee; &lval oi Ilrl am:Aw9EPWIlEVOl OKAa~Ot trov ssbib-i Vaklf»243.

Of otaq>opE~ nou 1tapatT)pouvtat Otr)v KOtVWVtKr) Kai VOlltK'rJKa· tao'taoll trov 6ptaK'tO'rJ0wv Kat roii ~nOAOt7tOU unOtEAOu~ nAlleu. ollOU tij~ autOlCpatOpia~ h:avav tOV O. L. Barkan vc ovoudcst tou~ 1:EAEUt(liol>~ ({&AEu9Epoue; xwPtKOU~» (hiir k6y}u) Kai vd t~OJ.!ot<OOEl tOUe; 6ptalCtof\oEe; IlE tOUC; oouAonapotKouc; roii ounKou Mscutevn, eEo>proV1:a~ tOU~ <.&~ to J.!ovaOtKO q>EOl>oaAtK<l unotEA'rJnAT)9uoIlO 'tij~ al>tolCpatOpiac;244. Elvrn eovepo on it lino'l'11 autrl slvm a~acrtllll, otOtt (a) elvm anoOEoEtYIlEVO Ott oi payta8EC; trov ttucptorv, tOW 1l0UAlClwv lCal trov ~alCouq>tWV 1)tav q>EOu8aAtKa E~apt11lltvOt, 1l0VO 1tOU t\ &~aptllor) 'tOU~ oEv dXE t'rJ J.!opq>'rJ tf\e; oouAonapOtKta~ tOU OUt1lCOU MEOatWVa, (P) ol otaq>opE~ nou 1tapatT)pouvtat oro lCaeEotro~ &~aplll0T)e; lroV 6ptalCl0'rJ8wv Kat trov paytaowv 6q>eiAov'tUt oro on oi Op1:alC1:of\oee; KatayoVtat ano 80uAoue;, J.!ta KataywYrlnou OEY xapaKtT)pt~El, Katapx'rJv, 10V t~apt11lltvo nA118uoJ.!0 xcvevoc q>EouoaAt KOU Kageolro·toe;.

Oi napanavw avnpp'rJoete; 01'rJV lino'l'T) roii Q. L. Barkan stv 0llllaivouv &ntOlle; (ht otOUe; OptaK1:of\oee; &q>apJ.!o~ovtav oouAOKt1ltUcte; 1l0pq>€e; &KIlElaAAW011e;. Ol q>EOu8aAtKte; crxtcrete; napayo>yij~ crta BaAKavta dXav naytw8d ano KatPO, xut, lipa 6 crKAa~oC; otov onoio 1tapaXWpouV1av yf\ xcrorcccorcv autoJ.!ata cro q>EOuoaAtK<l

palC.Olxpla. BA. bticHl<; M. T. Gokbilgin, i>.Tr .• 164-165.249,418,331.341.453.518,379, 169 lC.Alt .. 1. H. Uzuncarsih, OsmanlI devleti te~kilatma methal, o.fr .• cr. 167.

242. O. L. Barkan, Kanunlar, cr. 91-93.

243. ~. T. Gokbilgin, O,fr., cr. 418.

244. O. L. Barkan, «Toprak ~<riliginjn ... II», O.TC., cr. 417-436.

MOYAKI KAI BAKOY«l>I

e~ap'tTj~tvo nA.Tj6uollO Kai unopaAMtav 0' Eva lCu6I:01:(u- ,

, '" " '~ " f.lq.u:tal -

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,~~ ~ 0 '~ I ., n OllpO

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, e , _ J. ,~ ~ VUlPO\J-

ocv m V uq>ll 'tll<; t.KJ.!ElaIl.II.EUOTj<;.

rui 1tapaoetYlla, 6 6p'taKtOll<; otv 1tAtlPwv£ eopoo - Ot6 '_

'E ~, 'A ' " 1:' 6 ':> !Cpa

WC;245. ~etuTj IlE, I-'~O~ 10 v0,ll0 uEV ,EUlpOUVlav £A£U6£po<;, ~tuv

anaA.'J...aYJ.!eVoe; ano ttc; unoxpewoetC; nou dXav ol payto.o£<; 1tpo<; ttlv oiKovolltK'rJ tmT)peoia If\<; aUl0KpUtopia<;, 'H EK~£1:o.A.A£tJ01l o~w~ nou 'tOU £nEpaAA.£ 6 q>eouoaPXTjC; 1)lav OKt.llPrl· '0 Op1:alC1:0t\e; Stv dXe otKaiO>lla va acrX0A.Tj9£i Ilt 1:'rJ yf\ nou 'tOU £IX£ 1tupaXwP1l6d napa uovov aq>ou elX€, npoll'YooJ.!tYWe;, !CaAAl£pYrlOEt to hassa tOU xupiou 'tOU. '0 vouo; eAEyxe auo1:T)pOtala tOV OplaKtotl roOl£ vo. Iltlv napalleAd 1:'rJ yf\ WU xuplou 'tOU KaAAt£pyffiv'tU<; ttl OtlCtl to0246, 'E1ttcrllC;, 6 aneAE08€pWIl€VOC; oKAcipoe; e1tatpve Mo ~r.UYll Up01PWV:

Il€ 1:0 Eya KaAAl.Epyoi)oE 't'rJ yij tOU OOUAto.vou Kat Ilt 10 <'ino ttl Ot!Ct\ 1:0U, Oi £1ttO'1;alE~ eotvav OtOUC; OptaKl0ijoEe; oUYKEKptllsvllnOOOtll' rc cnopoo nou npOOpt~Olav yta lie; yuiee; roii OOUA. trivou Kat 'toue; £nt't'llPouoav yta vd ~epatw60uv Ott O€V 10t01t010UVLUV 1tpo.y~u1:a nou uvijKav 01:0 oouA rrivo oirrs XPTjotllOnOtOUOav ta I;&a rou Yla vd KaAAtEpYr)OOUv 'ti.e; OtKEe; roue yatEe;247. Tf:Aoe;, 6 nproTjv odupo<; Olav lla~eoE t'rJ OOOEta lOU, 1)tav lmoXPEWIl€VOe; va Smon oro OOU/.rdvo lrl Ilto'rJ napaywy'rJ 'tOU. Auto tOXur. pEpata yta ti<; ya1:£e; tOU hassa nou KaAAtepyouoe, of 6noir.e; uVijKav OtO OOUA.taVO, OXt Yla tiC; npOOW7ttK€e; rou yaiec;' un' aUl€e; eOtvE uovo to EVu O€KatO 'tfje; nnpuYOlyf\e;, onwe; UlCpt.ProC; opt.~e 6 vOJ.!0e;248. 'E1tOIl€VWe;, O€ yevlK€C; ypa~~EC;, ol &7ttnAEOV unoxpemoEte; tOU 6ptaK1:oij O€ 0X€Oll Il€ TOU puyul ouvtcnrvrm 010 Ott 1)tav uvaYKaoJ.!EVOe; vd KaA.A.tr.pyei ~€pOe; tfje; npoowntKije; yf\e; lOU croUA rdvou Kat vd roii ot vet TO 11100 rije; napaywyfje; lTje;. Kurd ta liAAa, 6 oKAcipoe; nou elXr. napel yfj Kai 6 PUYlo.C; ucplO1:aVto t'rJv iota £KlletaAAeooT). l:E uvt<IAt.awu yta Trl" KaAAtEpYEta 1:fje; yf\e; toU couvrdvou, 6 6ptaK1crrl<; elXr. U1t(lAAayd uno 'tOuC;

245. Tof tlhou, Ksnunlsr; cr. 41. Tof lblOU, «Toprak ... 11» Q.If., (jIWT. XXVI.

246. Toii iSlou. Kanunlar, cr. 90-91.

247. ~A. o.fr.

248. a.TC.

I Ell: HHN oeOMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

MOYAKI KAI BAKOY<l>1

18

rriv tOW, j.10P<Pil EKIlE'tOXA.EU(1)C; j.1E 'tODe; \mOA.Ol.1tour puy , I: ,

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8 _ "'\, '1':)' UK'tOl)-

OEC; E;~KOA.~U OUOUV ~U j.11)V ,1tf\.,1)~OOVOU~ K,E<PUA.tKO xni EYY£lO eopo, bl1A.U(1) ~A.1) provu:, Il~V~ rou; <pop?Ue; E~t 't~e; YEWPYlKf\C; 1tUpuywyf\C;256. Tu otOt'X,EtU UU1:U U1tOOElKVUOUV ott j.1E t1)V 1tapooo 'tou X 0- YOU of op'tUKtof\OEe; ap'X,touv ~U8j.1lUiu va. u1tayov'tut 0''t0 KueEO~ffic; EKj.1EtaA.A.Eu(1)e; 1tOD tOXUE yui 'toue; puyta.OEe;. llupaA.A.T\A.<l, xui uU'to\. onwC; Kut ol unEAEu8EPOOilEVOt OKA.a.~Ot nou El'X,<lV napEt yf\, l)tu~ nA.ilpOOe; uno'tEAde; o'to <pEOUOa.PX1) (tOV Ka.tOXO tOU j.10UA.KtoU, 'tOU ~UKOU<ptOU il 'tOU XUOtOU, UAAa. 1tO"CE OE onuxf\), crov onolo KU"CE~UA.A.UV OA.OKA.1)P1) til <pEOUOUA:t.K1) npoO'ooo .

MoA.ovon 0 1tA.1)8uoj.10e; 1tOU EYKu8tO'touO'uv oi q>EOUoaPXEC; O"1:a 1l0UA.KtU Kut 'to. ~UKOD<PtU1tUpUXooproVtUe; roo; yf\ l1'tuv xupio»; O'KAa~Ot, of o8roj.1uvot KUPlOt 1l0UAKlrov Kut ~uKouq>ioov OtEeE'tUV Kut ciAAOUe; 'tp01tOUe; Yla. vd uu;iloouv 'tilv EPYU'tl.Kil roix; OUVUj.11). O{ nl)YEC; OEV j.1fie; E1tl'tPE1tOUV va. KpivOUIlE KU'ta. noco "cE'tou:e; npa.;w; bmpEnovtuv uno 'tilv KEV'tP1Kil E~OUOtU il OE 1tOtO ~uej.10 O'UVtO''touO'uv nupu~la.OEte; roii VOIlOU EK IlEpOUe; 'troY EK1tpooronrov 'tf\e; q>EOUOUAtKf\e; 'ta.~T\e;. Tldvren; uv'ttKu'to1t"Cpi~ouv optO'j.1EVEe; 8pUO''tT\PlO'tl)'tEe; 'troY KU'tOXroV 'troY 1l0UAKlrov, of onolEe; OEV E;T\YOUV'tUl. j.1E ~a.0'l) '(1)V

una.pxouou vOll08Eoiu.

"£'t01, Yla. 1tUpa.OEtyj.1U, 0 POUIl MEXj.1E't nuoa.e; ElXE EVu I.iOUAK\.

oro XOOP10 Tuyica Oruzlu 'tOU ~louIlO'tEiXOU' 'EK'tOe; uno 'tOue; gulam "COU nuofi, 0't0 1l0DAKl U1ti'\PXUV Kut EtKOO1 onirin 'X,ptO'uuvrov pU'Yla.- 8wv. Etxuv j.1E'tU<pEp8Ei EKEi U1tO 'til MUKEOoviu, '(1)V 'AA~UVi.U xui 'tTl LEp~iu. 'Ano 'tOV 'tP01tO 1tOU Ku'tuxoopi~ov'tUl Kui ano '(1) q>opoAoyiu roix; O'UVa.YE'tut on OEV E1tPOKE1't0 yta. npro1)v OKAa.~OUC; ilop'tUK'tO'iiOEe;. Tti OVOIlU'to. roix; ElXUV Ku'tuypu<pEi IlE 'to 'X,UPUK'tl)ptO''tlKO rpono 'troy ovountrov 'troY acemoglanlar('trov xptouuvonuibwV nou dxuv E1ttAEYEt yui 'to. 'to.Yj.1u'tu 'troY YEVl'tOa.prov): Mip 'APVUOD't, 'AAE~l Movccrtpxou, Tov'top I1tPAE1tE, N1KOAU 'Apvuou't, ZV'tpa.~KO Bu~'tupAou257. I118uvroe; 0 POUj.1 MEXj.1E't 1tUOa.e;, '(1)v EnoX1) nOD l)'t<lV ~E1;u-

o~, ot onoiot uvno'tOlX,OUOUV of; 1t000 uva.Aoyo j.1E "up<1'YCJ)Yfl~ 'tou hassa nou KUA.A1EPYOUOE. lUp<1KtT\ptOttKO 'tOU Op'tUK'tOf\ 7tA.1)8uOIlOU ii'tuv 'ri Ilovo~AtKT\ tOU t;a.~'tT\ol1, 0ryA.uoil ,11,:uv U1t,o'tE~ile; Ilov~ o'tov .. ~ f J.10llAKlOU ~ tOU ~UKOU<PlOU Kut 0Xl 0't0 xpuroc. Tt UUto ot J.10p<pf;e; £KJ.1E'ta.AAW(1)C; tOU l1'tuv 7tOlKlA.Ee;. Of 1tA1)poq>o-

JIOO dVtl<p&pov'tut oro sil'tl1llU uu'to slvrn oUYKEV'tpOOIlf;VEe; 0" 1&tcO lCavouVVullf; yta. 'toue; Op'tUK'tof\oEe; 'troY xuoirov 'ti'\e; Kev, Yt\VOUKoAT\e;, onou £K'tOe; a7tO Xo.01U U1ti'\px,uv xni aPKE'ta. OOUA_'" palCou<pta. "OJ.1ooe; 'ta. o'tOlXdu uu'ta. oev Ilae; Sivouv 1tAilPTJ dIfllW4yul ttlV notKtAia trov 1l0P<Prov 'ti'\e; EKIlE'to.AAwoile; roue. Ka.8E ~ J.10llAKiou il ~aKou<ptOU Ku80ptSE Ile OlKO rou 'tP01tO 'tie; O'U...u.ay~ tOU J.1E tOUe; Op'tUK'toi'\OEC;. 'A~i~El va. OlWEtro8d on, lle't1)V

o tOU XPOVOU, ol 1l0p<pee; EKIlE'ta.A.AW(1)e; 'trov Op'tUK't01l000V ~opou»9r)Kav OX,EMv IlE tie; 1l0p<pEe; EKIlE'to.A.AwOl)e; 'trov U1tOA.Ot1tOOV

~v.

"Etot, tOV 160 uirovu, of. 6p'tUK't0i'\oEe; 'tOU PtAUE'tiou 'tOU Kcpc-

pGv Kuttj3aA.A.UV to rpiro 'tiie; OooEtae; roo; OtO <pEOUOo.PX1), xropie; vd u'llPO)voUV ciU,oue; <popoue;249. • H KUta.o'tuOll aAA.u~B apyo'tEpU Kut &PXlOUV va 1tA.TlProvouv OEKa.'t1) KUt UA.A.OUe; pUytE <popou<;, f:vro, nnpUllTlA.a, £OtvUV 0't0 <pEOUOa.PX1) to 7tEIl1ttO 'ti'\e; OOOEtae; tOUe;250. 'Eni ~ pacrtA.Etu<; tOU LOUA.Etllo.V, ol 6p'tUK't0i'\OB<; 'tOU PUl(OU<PtOU 'tOU 'OPlaV O't1)V Ilpoooc 7tA.llProvuv oro PUKOU<pt EVU XPllllunKo noco (tesim) no\> .to'oOUVUIlOUOE IlE 'to 1t0000't0 'trov 01l1l1ltP1UKrov nOD mpi\yuv251. Oi 6ptUKtoiioE<; roii LOUA.Etllo.V 1taOa o'tl1v 1tEPWXll 'tOU MKOA.uyip £OtvUV oro ~UKOU<Pt 'to 7tEIl1t'tO trov 1tpo1:ov'trov 'toue;252. "<>l1~, O''ta. Ma.A.yupu 0 eo poe; avnotOtXOUOE otO EVu 1tEJ.17t'tO tOW 0lll1TltptUKroV xni OtO IltOO ''tou ,.lOUO'tOU253. LtO pUl(Ouqn 'tOU KupaI1K~\)A.o\>'t, of op'tuK'toiioEe; KU'tEPUA,A,UV 'tl1lltOl1 000Et0.254, EVro U\)'tot 1tO\) ~'tuv EYKu'tEOtllI..lEVOl. OtO PUKOU<pt tOU Toupxo.v J.11tEll u<pio'tuv'to

249. 6.1f., 0. 41. lSO.6.1f.

1$1 61f.

t", l&too, «Toprak ... Il», a.Tr., 0. 398.

255. a.Tr., 0. 341.

256. a.Tr., 0. 169. . 6K.

257. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.Tr., 0. 335. np~A.. t6V lCut<lA.O'Y0 tOW acerol ogIanlar t

_Y"l~l B tYl(aTEcrolas ~U:PlKU rratOlU, 1tOD 1tpoopi~ov

,~ " , j: , tav

pl a tay~t~ra. at,lt; \at~s, tO~ Yl~ ~a uU,":>l1aEt rd EPya_

En: li:5T) oro XWplO uuro axroc uno to Us Xptcrnuv '

l ' 'I 'A - _ O\)~

... ~Gv.... ° gu/am ar npomv aKl\.a .... Ot roo nuou- , cr\)~t1tEp r,

, '8" 'I T at

\ tT)V rrox~ 1t~~ 1t<:pa"xwP11 11~~ Ws ~O\)I\.~t 11ta~ Eva E)'ICa-

_oIU'I.61 .... f.i 0 XWPlO, TO 01tOW £1tPE1tS vn enouctorst. nupO~Ota dva taO'T) O'tO xwptO MaO'ouVtAOU (Masudlu), to ortoio ~tav EV t

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l:tOV 1tATJeucr~o troy 1l0\)A.KlWV Kai troy paKoucpt(OV neptAallPavo.v !Cui ilIa tlAATJ Kat11yopia npooronoiv 1tOU OVOJlut;ovtav taa//akat (mtti U~TJ «\mOteAetq». Moxovon a1tavtrovtat crE apKetEe; 1t11YE~, 88v dvut iOtain:pa yv(Ocrta ta xapaKt11PlO'''CtKo. roii KOtV(OVtKOU Kai votlllCOU rou; Ka8EcrtrotOe;. Ildvrox, Oft(O<; ol npro11v crKAUPOt, hat ad ol 6PtUlC"CO'fjoee; ~tav autol unot£Ad<; oro cp£ou8o.PX11, O'tOV 61wio nAtlPwvav tou<; copoi»; roue. Tid 1tapo.8ety~a, oro paKouqn 106 'O~oup Il1tETJ, cniv 1tepWXtl 'tou Aepiv, unfjpxav ol taallakattou Xaadv ~ntTJ, '"flOU 'tou 'OIlOUP Il1tE11. «TO. npooton« au'tu ~'tav xurex-P\a~tvu oro 1ta"-to Katacrnxo 00<; taallOkat'tou 'OJlOUP Il1tETJ Kai t1\'n'tauv Qno to cousrtivo va 1tA11Provouv 8£Ko.'t11», 8tapo.cralle O'ti~ ...,~ ~2S9. l:to paKoucpt tou LExaJlnev'tlv nacru, £K'tOe; a1tO ltOA.~ guJAmlar Kai 6ptaKtcrfjoec;, U1tfjpxav Kat «oi tselltiket TOU I:ePflD;riv 1tuaa., 1tOU bEV elver pay to.O Eq>260. LtO paKoucpt'tOu 'Iax<iK ~ u1tfjPlav E1ticr11C; 1tEV't£ OiKOYEVEtec; taallOkat261•

To Q.IWEtaKo' u' 'I 's::' - S::' ' r

t'A. , ~tKO uEV Ilac; otvst aacpEic; 1tA11Pocpopie<; yta "Co

votal:O 1Cu9E(JtW<; t11<; ollabac; autfj<; tOU 1tA118ucrllou, " onoia alto'te-

2S8 lb., 0. 249 259 A .

v. L. Barkan «To k II

.. M. T. Gokbii· ~ra ... », o.Jr., £yypucpo UTt' a.p. XL.

.Jl gin, u.1C., 0. 257-258

v. ... 0. 429. .

262. M. T. Gokbilgin, 0.1C., c. 408.

263. BA.. 0.1C. . . 1480 g. ('H lCatcita~ll

264. 'A vam.lll(o Tprjpa, Sign: Istanbul-Defterhane, TIman

dVUl I..UVSUOI1EVll, olon TtPOKSl'tUl Yl<l ~(lKOUCPl).

MOYhKIKAIBAKOY~1

. rPOflKE~ l:XEIEIE rTHN OEH1MANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA

OU onus UTt~pxaV 800 xwpui n:ou ep1ltJ.wouv, OtUV EYlCUtUAci_ q yaAaKtoKOtJ.ia. I:t1l Btoll trov XWptKroV n:OU dxuv <PUYEt (Kai OJWlOl bEV E1XaV, Ttpo<pavroe;, liAAOUe; OtKOV0tJ.tKOUe; n:opoue;), 6 au" £YKUtCOtTlO£ (HO tJ.0UAKt tOU OcKUOK'tW OtKOYEVEtEe; n:ou anoooocv «aVtlKcltJ.EVO lpl8aq) (nizaJu e$has) Kai ol an:OtEe; n:Upt~Elvav h:Ei. "(UUt 0 ftuXyui rra<Hie; rrhuXE vu eKooBd OOUA. tUVtKO <Plp~o.V\ JWI.) uq>opoum: tOY rrAllBuotJ.o trov eYKuluAEAEltJ.tJ.EVWV Xwptrov265.

EKOJ,l£VWS. orriv rrEpirrtwoll aln1l, a n:aoue; dXE n:UPEt uuBaipEta ltot£AtiC; XWPlKOUC;, f:V(i> ~taV YVW010 Ott uvliKUV OE UAA.OUe; <pEOU&ip1,&C; uvuq>tpnat PTltci ott Un:iiPXE «ola<popU» ytU 10Ue; XffiptKouC; ai>tO~ xci, f:TtWq>EAOUtJ.€VOe; an:o triv tOXUP01EPll BEOll lOU, Evi- 01,1.)0£ t~V EPTltJ.W~tVTl iOtoKtll0iu tOU tJ.E YEO epyanKo 8UVUtJ.tKO.

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lffloC".1tOVtav uno mv E ' r 11

'I ntoT]~T] vouosectc. Kdvovruq £n:t8E~ta XpTlo'1

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'tOUptKU tay~a'ta.

Oi ~Ee0801. n:oo ava<pEpa~E n:apanuv(O OEV e~av'tAouv 'tie; ouvUtO-

mre; nOD dXE " KuptapXll <pEOubaA.tK1l "Cu~T] va aU;T}Of:l tov apl8~0 'tou eK~E'taAA.EUO~EVOU nAlleUo~ou. Ilpsnet, en:tollC;, vu ava<pspoul1E on napa rov UnEp~OA.lKO ouv'tllpllno~o 'tOU 8EO~OU, ol KUPlOt 'trov ~oUAKi(Ov Kat trov ~aKou<piffiV d01lyayav, OE ~E~OVW~tvEC; nEpl1t1<Oow;, rponoix eK~EtaA.AEUOlle; nOD e<pap~oo't1'\Kav ltOAU apyOtEpa o'tie; b1'\~O(JtEC; yatEC;. rta n:a.pa8EtytJ.a, 'to kesim267 Kai 'to OP1UK't01AiKt u<piotav"Co ..,811 tOY 150 Kat 160 aic.ova268. 'Ano Eva KU'taonxo lOU 1639-1640 ~aeaivou~E Ott of; ~EP1Ka xffipta 't~e; <I>lAl1tltOlmoATjC;, ltOV aviiKav OtO ~alCou<pl 'tOU ~Exa~nEv'tiv n:aoo., " bEKU'tll OUAAEY°'tUV ~f; 'tT} ~oP<P1l 'tou kesim, npay~a n:OD oll~UiVEl on 6 ~U01KOC; aUloc; <pO poe; nOD Kata~aAAOtaV of; dooe; dXE avnKawow8Ei altO Eva

o'taeEpO xpll~a"CtKo nooo269.

~'t1lv npaytJ.attKotll'ta, " ouva'to'tll'ta n:OD dxav Ot, Ka'toX~t 't~v ~aKou<pi(l)V vd aVaAa~~avouv npw'to~ouAtEe; OE nOAAOUe; 'tOJlEte;, OEV ~nopOUOE napa vd EXEt eE"CtK1l entopaoll ot~V avan:'tU~T] 'trov ~upaYWYtKroV OUVa~EffiV O'tU ~aKou<plKa xoopta. "E't0l. ~ovov E~llytt:at ~ Eu~apEta aptO~EvffiV ~ouAyaptKrov xffiptrov rtou aVfjKUV ~t ~aKoucpla. MeptKa ano au'ta, nou ~tav aKO~U X(Opta (Dryanovo, Shven, ~azanhk, Karlovo, P1even x.d.) Ka'ta 't1lv m;piooo 1tOU f:~E'ta~OUJlE, E'YlvaV

267. a.Jr., cr. 261.

268. a.Jr., cr. 262, 370, 457 K.U.

269. 'AVUTOAIK6 TJlifJlu, Sign: PD 17/12.

19

__ ---------~I POTlKEI: l:XELEIl: :ETHN OenMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA ciJ().Ia~OU(H;~ 1tOAEt£; Kat Kroll01tOAEt<;, tvro aAAa (Lyaskovet K

Arbanassi) yvwptaav IlEyaAT) olxovouucri <lVellall. s, onu~,

rUJ,l1tEpaalla'ttKa, o:va<pEpoullS ou ta npovouiu 1tOU > A'

Ii KuptapXT) <pwuOaAtKtl ta~T), IlE f:K1tpOa<lmoo' rnc tou~1tO ,allPo.vE

'\'~' sr ':> 'I':> ~ Ka'tox,O\Jr

IlOUI\.KlroV, uEV 1t€ptOpt."ovtav oro VOlltKO KaeEat':" - _ ')

• e 'r " S ' VJ,:> trov yatrov 'tn

U1tEV ullt."oullE on OL Ka"COXOt 1l0UAKirov Elxav tTl A ' '!~

rrrru 'trov yatrov roue aE uV·tieEall IlE rooc nllaPtG)'tC'~ 1tT~Pll KU?lO~

o t' " ':> r "':>' a 1tPOVO~1ta

r ~e; _m:;~'tEtVOv:av K~t ?'tte; IlEeOOOU~ EKIlEto.A). .. sucrp; trov 1l0UAKtrov

Kat 'troy puxououov, E<pOO'OV unopououv vd o:va1t'tuj:ouv 1t A

AiE' yo.' > j: , ,~ ." pc.o'to..,O\J-

':> t va aU."llO'ouv 'tll <pEOuuaAtKtl roo; npooooo.

To «uicovio» 'troy J.10UA.1C{O)V xui 'troy ~aKoU(p{(t)V .

T? KUPtO ,1tPO PAll Ila, O'E o:'tt a<popa rriv Ka't0xTlIlOUAKic.ov Kai paKo\J<p~rov ouvto tutut cr«; O'xEO'Ete; nou OtanJ..EKOVtaV uvo.llEO'a O'tOUe; KatOXouc; 1l0UAKlroV Kat paKOU<ptrov U1tO 'tTlllto. 1tACOPo., Kat orriv KEV'tptKTl otOiKllO'll a1tO 'tTlV <lAAll, T\ llo.AAOV O''tTlV 1tapEIlPaO'll tfje; KEV'tPtKi'\C; otOiKllO'lle; O'tie; yaiEe; <lutte;.

To 1t<lpamlvro sTl'tlllla 1tOAU At yo u1taO'xoAllO'E ttl PtpAtOypa<pia.

'H to''toptOypa<pia oEv EXEt IlEAEtTlO'Et OtE~OOtKo. toUe; Aoyoue; ytti 'tOUC; 01tOtOUC; 'to xparo; otv E1tEVEpatVS O'to. 1l0UAKta Kat ta paKOU<pta, 01troc; Kat tOUe; AOyOU~ yto. 'tOue; onoloo; ol f:~OUO'iE~ trov KatOxrov roue l)'tav U1tEptOptO'tEC;270. !:1tv dvat KaeOA.OU 'tuxaio on (n~ O'XEUKTl PtpA.toypa<pia optO'IlEVOt O'uyypa<pEic; EXouv EmvOtl0Et tOV opo «OtllVEKi'\ ttllupt{l)~71 yto. vo. oroaoov EIl<PaO'll 0''t0 StaPKfj x,apaK'tftpa autoi) roii 'tU1tOU yatOK'tllO'iac; Kat O''tTlV auto'tEAEta Kat t~V aVE~ap'tllO'ta rou a1tO 'to Kpo.tOe;. TE'tOtEC; U1tOo/EtC; SEV O''tllpi~ovtat 1l0VO O'E spya Ota1tpE1t&v 6erollav&v O'uyypa<pEc.ov, ot o1toiot tovi~ouV o'tt tU 1l0UAKW, Kat iStai'tEpa 'tu paKOU<pta, u1ti'\pxav «oro 8tllVE-

no. G. Balaschev, D. Ihchiev, o.1r., o. 1441(.&. B. Tsvetkova, «Pozemienite otnoshe· ftlya. ... ~, 6.1r., o. 168.

211. Ti\<; '(o~, «Prinos ... 1», 6.1r., c. 132 1(.t. AI. Bourmov, «Turskiyat feodalizurn v

~ umi~ CO -':0\)1'1(\1(6<; q>w\)Oaf.\01l6<; O-':l<; ~o\)A. yap\l(E<; 1t£P\OXE<;), Istoriya {I8

1 ~ 1954, o. 246.

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

-

193

1(&e;»272, UAAo. ~al. 0& 1tOA~U paK_OU<ptKU Ka;o.O'ttxa, onou aVU<pEpOV'tCll ol 8ta80~tKO: 1l0ut~PEAll()~C;, 't~V paK,o~<ptc.ov Ka1. eutvsrm oU U\111111 lCat1lYopta Yl1<; O'UVEXt~E va 01tapXEt sm llaKPO XPOVlKO ()Ul(rnwu273

TIpE1tEt vo. tovl.O'oullE ott 1tOAAo. 1l0UAKta nou I-1ttatp<1n1\lCav ot paKoU<ptU dxuv ov'tc.oC; llaKpal.c.oVT) ~c.otl, iOlll-1E 111V nEpio()o 'tfic; 69<.0- llavtKfjC; KuptapXta<; O'tU BaAKUVta. TO. paKou<pta tOU POuOtEl-1nUOQ ota Xc.opto. 1tOU PptO'Kovtat yupc.o ano 'to Arbanassi?", I1£ptlC<1 ano t<1 paKou<pt.a tOU fa~f\ MtXUAOYAOU275 o'tl1V nAEuva, to palCoucpt 101) KapAt~av'tE O'tO Gyopstata276 Kai 'tfj£; MtXPt.l-1o.X XUtOUV Ot,;V Koprivshtitsa277, U1tfjpxav roc; ttlV U1tEAEUOEPc.o0ll trov ntptOXrov at)'trov. 1:t11 MUKE80vi.a Kat to Atvcto, 1tOU SIlEtvav uno ttlV 60c.ol-1aVtKl1lCatOx11 we; to 1912, 8tatllPtlellKav 1tOAAU llt'YuAa paKoucpta, I-1Eta;6 autrov to paKou<pt tOU >E~PEVOC; Il1tEll O''ttlV fKtOU}lOUA t~i.va Kat to fEVt'tSE Bap86.p278 Kat tOU 'IO'XUK Il1tEll Kat tOOv unoyovc.ov tOU Ot<1 1:lC01tta279• 'EnoI-1EVc.oe;, 11 paKou<ptKtl yf\ SEV lltav 1l0VO Otl1 OEc.opta aAAa Kat otl1V npo.;l1 llaKpoptWtatO~ uypO'ttKOe; OEO'Il0~.

>EntoT)~ uno 1tOAAte; 1tllYEC; EmpEpatWVovtat Kat ta ana xapaKtT)ptO'ttKU trov 1-10UA.Kic.ov lW.i paKou<ptc.oV Kai. Kupi.c.oe; 11 8tacpopo1toi- 1\011 roo; a1to 'ttlV Katllyopi.a trov 01l1l00i.c.ov yatOOv, t<1 a7tEptOptota 8tKatcOIlata trov KUPi.c.oV tOU~ Ka1. 'Ii Iltl 7tapEI-1PaoT) tfje; KpanKfie; e;ouoiac; crov tP01tO IlE tOV o7toio 8tEOE'tav tl1 yfj rou; oi Ktl1O'X,Ot llouAKic.ov - unopobocv vd ttlV Sc.oPtloouv, vd tl1V nouA1100l)V, va tl1V IlE'tatpbvouv aE paKou<pt K.'t.A. npoxEtpa eo. AEyallt on IlE 106<; J1ov}..l(vaJli&~ Kai. t06e; Jlovl(ap&pvaJli&~ to KpatOe; eyyuo'tav btapK&C; to. «a1ttptoptO''ta 8tKatwllata» Kai. 'tl1v «7tAtlPl1 Kupto'tT]ta»280 tOll

lCatOXOo tOU 1l0UAKtOU.

"A v UIl<PtOPlltOUIlE 'tTlV UKptpEta tOOv uno'l'tc.ov aut&v yta tOV

272. H. Hadjibegic, «Rasprava Ali Cau§a ... », O.K., o. 153.

273. BA. 0XEt\1(cl s'YYpa.q>a. orov O. L. Barkan, «$er'i miras hukuku ... It, O.K.,

c. 171-181.

274. G. Balaschev, D. Ihchiev, 15.1(.

275. "". D. Ihchiev, 0.1(.

276. D. Ihchiev, «Akt na zaveshtaniye ... », 0.1f.

277. Koprivshtitsa Museum. Arh. Ed. 15.

278. G. Elezovic, 6.1r .• o. 8.

279. 0.1f., c. 78. 280 ..

. O. L. Barkan. «Millk toprak1ar ... », Q.1r., o. 158·160.

rPOTIKH I:XElEIE rTHN OeQMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA __ m~ 'tOU J.10UAtdOU lwi rou Palcoucpiou, of (>1toi£~ E~o.AAO\) .. 1Icl1lG\(i)voVtal. a1to ttl Pl~AlOypacpia ICai EVl.axuov'tal. a1to 'to. 0000- (l'taanxa, autO ocp£lAE'tat oro on of 1tllYE~ au'tt~ 1tEptsxouv o'tolX&iu, E~ioou 1tOAU 01lJ.1UV'ttICo., 'to. (>1toia rsivouv vii

~ouv to avti9E'tO xni t01t09EtOUV at tEAEioo~ 81UCPOPEttICl) ~Iiml'Yl(J)J.1EVE~ avtlAl)'I'&t~ yto. 'to «8tllVEICil» xapuIC'tl)pa 'til~ 0000- T\~ q>Eou8aAUcilr; yUlOIC'tllaiu~. Of 1tAllpocpopiE~ U\)'tE~ EVl.ax6- v n;v 41t0"'11 on T)ICU'tOXtl 'trov J.10uA!Cioov ICui 'trov ~aICoucpirov OEV ~l~O'tUV a1tOAutU a1to triv 1taptJ,1~aall 'til<; ICEV'tptICil<; otOilCT)-

cn,<;, tvii> it «8lo.PKEt(l» 'trov yatrov uu'trov Tl'tav 1tEplOptaJ,1EVll XpovtlCli.

Oi 1tupa't11Ptlaw; au'tE<; yupoo a1to tllV avtiAll'l'll 1tOU 'tEAtICa Em- 1Cpci'tl'lOE 'Yto. 'to. J,10UAICtuICui 'to. ~UKOUcptU slvm, iooo<;, 1tapaKtVOuvEU~, at1lV 1tpuYJ,1u'ttICot11'tU oJ,1oo<; 8tv EPXOV'tUt at av'ti9Ea11 J,1E 't~ ~t1CO'tEPll iOEa 1tOD EXOUJ,1E Y1.o. 'tl)V o9OOJ,1uvtICll1tpaYJ,1unICo't11'ta lCat tOV oeroJ.1avtICo cpEOuoaAtaJ,1o 'tOU 150u xul 160u ai<i>vu. Ilnpd 'tl)v ~avoJ.1&V11 3UvaJ,111 til<; cpEOuOaAtICil~ ap1.a'toICpa'tia<;, 'to xpdro; ~v ICUPW<; 'tfl<; lCa'ta.a'tuall<;. I1tv dxuv 8taJ,1opcpro9d aICoJ,1u of 3uvututU; 1tOU 96. E~ava.YKa~av 'to xprrro; vd 1tapatt1l9Ei a1to 'tllV a1tOKAEtatl1co'tl'l'ta 1tOU &txE ro<; pu9J,1tatll<; a' o;n acpopu 'ti<; yalE<; Kat 'tl\ cpsOuOaAtK1l 1tpoa080 1tOD 1tPOEPX0'tUV a1tO 'ti<; Ka'tuK'tllJ,1tvE<; nspto- 1tC;. 'EKElVTl t1lV f:1t0X1l, T)KupiuPX11 cpEOu8uA1.ICll 'to.~11 8tUt11POUOE nl 9tCJ1l 't11<; OtO aDa't11J,1a lOU o9roJ,1uvtICOU cpEOu8aA1.aJ,10U xoopie; vu EP1E'tat as av'ti9Ea11 J,1E 't1l 01lJ,10alOvoJ,11.K1l 1tOAtnICll 'tou ICpa.'tOU~ dmQVt1. atou<; otacpopoue; 'tU1tou<; yalOK'tllaiae; xni f:ICJ,1E'ta.AAEU(JT)~. "EICQVE J,10VO 1tEp1.a'tUalUKE~ ICtVllaEte; EKJ,1EtaAAEuoJ,1EVll 'ta. 1tEptOropta 1tOU <lCP11VUV of 01C1'ta.~Ete; tOU VOJ,1ou. Msou a' eva tb:OlO 1tAaiotO IWQ1ttUX911ICUV ofaXEaEt~ til<; KEV'tptKil<; 81OiKllall<; J,1E 'tOD<; Kat6- 10~ j.1ouAKirov KUt ~aKoucpirov 1tOU J,1Ue; 1tapoUata.~E1. 'to 1t<xpa1ta.v,ro UPlElQICO DAlKo. :Lt1l OuvEXEla 9a. aVaCPEPOUJ,1E Op1.aJ,1EVEe; EICb11~ro~ (J~ ti'\c; 1tuptJ,1~Uall~ 'tile; KEVtPlICil<; 3lOiICllall<; a'to. J,10UAICta Kat 'til

f'uo6cptQ.

MOYAKI KAI BAKOYCl>1

. 0 pOAOe; 'tile; KEV'tpl.1cile; OWtKll<Jlle;

<J'ttl 01llltOupyta 'tow 1l0UAKtCOV Kat 'trov ~aKou<ptCJ.)V

MOAovon of EVSPYEtE<; UU'tE~ tf\e; KEVtptKf\e; OtOiKT\OT\e; Mv OUVla'tODv a'ttlv ouaiu E1tEJ,1~ua11, 1tpS1tEt vd aT\j.1Et<OoOUIlE on, att1v 1t£plobO 1tOD E~E'ta.~OUJ.1E, it EJ,1cpa.vla11 'trov J,1oUAlCirov Kai 'trov ~aKou<pi.(I)V {iv bEV OCPElAO'tUV a1tOKAEtattKa. a'tl)v 1tprotopouAia "(f\e; KEvtplICf\e; 81OtK11a11r;, tOuAa.XtatOV Ylvo'tav J,1E tl) ouvuivecf tT\~. To KpU'tOe; a1tAro~ E~EOtOE £yypucpu yto. 'ta. J,10UAKla (JLouAICVaJ1i8s~) xui ta OP'Ya- vd tOU, oi Kabil()E~, OPt~UV 'ta. opta tf\e; i8t01C't11oiae; alnf\e; Ilt douca eyypacpa (XOVv'Wuvivapt&~ KUt oivovovauioecl. I1apaAAT\Aa lCa& VEOr; aouAta.VOe; E1ttICUproVE 'to 8tKUtroj.1U oro iSJ1AiIC (1tapaX<opT\011 Kupto'tT\'tue;) J,1E J,1ta. d01Kl) 1tPa.~11 (uouxaoepvaui). <l>UallCa, aq>ou eAupav £tcn oi CPEOuoa.Pxse; ta. 'YuWKt11tlKU rotx; npovouin, ,;tav 1tta. oro xspt roue vc 'ta. 8tEUPUVOUV J,1E 8ta.cpopse; VOIl08E'tlKte; npa~E\e;, E1tl8t<OKoVta~ KA llPOVOJ,1tKl) <hU60Xl) KUt 6tKatrolla u'Yopa1troAl1aiac;. Kat EVro oi yaise; trov J,10UAKirov Ppt<JKoVtaV OU"{KEVtproIlEVEe; ota XEpta EVO~ aU'YKEICptJ,1EVOU KotVroVtICOD atp<OllatOe; -'to Kpa.tOe; oEv to EVSKptVE, UAAa. 8Ev J,11tOpOUaE Kut va. to a1tOtpbVEl.- to xpdro; ElXS tl)v a1t01CAE\attKl) aplloOtot11tU va.IlE'ta'tpE1tEt optousvc tllt1lla'to. trov 011J,10atrov 'Yutrov aE «J,1l) 'Yvtlatu» j.10UAKla.

I1PE1tEt vd rovtoouue Ott a'tl) 8la.pKsta 'tf\e; 1tEpt08ou autf\e; nou 8EV ,;'tav aKOJ,1U iaxupl) ,; cpEOU6aAtKtl upta'toKpatia, 'to YE'YOVOe; on T)lCEVtPlKl) 8wtIC11a11 J,1EtEtPE1tE 611J,10atE~ 'YaiEe; oE IlOUAK\a tlC<ppU~El d)vol(l1tpO~ 'tl)v ICuptUPX11 cpEOUOaAtKT] 'ta.~11Kai ElXS tm1tt<oost<; ota <JUllcpEpOV'ta trov ttJ,1UplOUXroV. Triv E1tOXl) autT] E'YtVaV (J11llav'ttK&e; 1tapaxropl)<JEl.~ ymrov aE J,1EAll tf\~ <JouAtaVl.Kf\e; oiKoytvElae;. "Erot, o Mouprit B' a1tocpa.maE va. xapiaEl ato ~aKOI)~l t~e; 1t_poo~:a KnaJ,1EV11e; 'YEcpupa~ 'too "EPYKSVE 'ta. 'Yupro Xropl.a. ,Ot 'YalEe; ~utSe; UVf\Kav aE ruidptu KUt 6 aouAtUVOe; a1to~T\J,1iro(JE '{OUe; tK(>t.roX9EvtSC; a1taxf\8se; 1tapuxrop<OVtU~ roo; <lAAa XroPla., to. o1toia oJ,1o><; ,;tav t-yKu"(aAEAE1J,1J,1EVU. Oi a1tuxf\6E~ U1t0XPE<o811Kav vd aaKt100UV ~V'toV11 1ttEo11 yta vd E1tOtKtatOUV ta. tlJ,1a.pta. roo; Ilt paYla.Ose;281. l:tr\ Suip-

281. M. T. Gokbilgin, th., cr. 218.

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I

rPOnKH };XElEI:E I:THN 00!lMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

L------~---

pa.alAt:ta~ "COU BaYla~t"C B' , llui U1tO 'tie; Kopec; tou, 'ti Lo<po6 YaMll!V. miP& ~va llt:yaAo llOUAKl otl\v Mixpd 'Aoic, OtO OaVt~a1Cl <;inSane. To llOU~Kt ~~C; 1tt:pteA~ll~a.vt: y~i~e; miise_IJem, 1tO~ ~v~Kay xpoTlyoUllf:VWS oe musellem ceribesi, Kat 'to xroptO Ada 1tOU av~-

<no Xaal "Coo O'avt~aKll1ttll282. Ttootpa xropla 'tOU ~tbUllOt&ixou _t&A-oooav "Co 'tlllaptO 'tOU mirahor 'EAtae; ll1tt'Tl. ·0 Bayta1;h B' td. t1nhp&'I't at llODAKt Kai ta EbroO'e O'tl\v KOPT'J tOU LEx1;avtt LaX

XatooV21l3•

"Eva "CJ.lf\J.la tf\e; KupiuPXT'Je; <pEOubaAtKf\e; ta;T'Je; 1tttUXE va t~~

xapaXroP1l90uv roc; J.l0UAKtU ta 1tpwT'JV ttllapla 'tT'Jc;. M' aino rov rpo- 1W J.L£tttPE1tUV eva runipto, bT'JAabl\ llta «1tEPtOP1.0lltVT'J)} ({m' opou~) yuwKtllaiu, O'f: «U1tEptOPlOtT'J», (liVEU oprov) KAT'JPOVolllKl\ YU1.0K't11- ma. ·0 'EAlae; ll1tf:lle;, Y1.a 1tapabElYlla, 1tOD ,,'tuv YUll1tPOC; tOU Bay tel~it B', 1tflpt J.lf: rSjlAl1(valLi roc; J.lODAKl to i:btO tOU 'to 'ttllapLO OtO l{optaav28-i. To i:b1.0 ouvt~T'J Kat. ll' ~va llOU01.KO tOU 1t(lAattou, tov NtOUpaoDv MEXttp, OtOV onoto ElXE b09Et Eva 'HllapLO 2.000 4cJ7tprov O'tl\v 'AbptUVOU1tOAT'J' U1tOKtrovtac; EVu jlov).xvaj.JE, OUVf:X"-

at: va to KUtf:XEt roe; llOUAKt285.

·Y1tapxouv btioT'Je; 1tOAAf:<; 1tEPt1t'tWoEt<; 01tOU 6Srollavoi <pEOuMp-

1St; AaJ.l~aVUv tlJ.laptu KUt tCT1(lVr(rt 'tot<pAtKta roC; llouAKta llt EVtOA~ ti\~ ICtVtp1.Kf\e; btOl.ICT'JOlle;. <l>uO'tlca, ol livSpro1tot au'tol. bf:V "tUV rula1:01., "tUV UVWtUt01. U;1.roJ.lUtOUX01., ouvl\Sroc; ~ESDPT'Jbte;. Tt'tOlU nsPi.X"C(OO'll "'tUV 0 Ntupouvt 1tuoac; 1tOD EAa~t roe; llODAKt EVu 'ttllaptO <m\v 'AOplUVO\mOAll, 'to onoto upyottpa 1tODAllot286. E1tiOlle; 0 NrcPo(>Vt J.l1tf:llC;, Ktxuytac; tOU 1tUAanOU, OtOV onoto 1tupaXooP110E ~ lCt:VtP1K" OWl.KllOll roe; llODAK1. Eva t01.<pA1Kt 1tOD ElXE u<pUtPf:OEt uno t6 t\.~P10 tvoc; Ka~uoKf:Pll287. 0 KaOlll1tUoac; 1tOD 1tT1PE roC; llOUAKl !va tcnnvr(rl t<J1.<pAtKt288 KUl ota<popot UAAOl.

Tel 1tapaotiYJ.lutu 1tOD uva<ptpuJ.lt U1tOOEtKVDOUV on KUt llEta 't~v

Ol U1to<J1tUOllanKf:C; uAAa 1tOtKtAllC; 1tPOf:AtuOllC; nA.llPo<popiEe; 1tOU otu9houlle, U1tOKaAUmouv Ott O'tl\ OtapKEtU t~e; nEptOOOU autile; ~ xsvtptxr] OtotKllOll ShEt OptOllf:VOUC; opoue; crriv 1tapaxci>Pllall 1l0UAKtCOV Kai ~aKou<picov, 'ta onotn 9tcopouvtat, KatapXae;, yaite;

1tA.rlPOUC; KuptOtlltac;.

"EXOUllE ilOll uva<pf:p&t Ott npiv trlV EopaicoO'l1 tOU UIlap1cottlCOU

auatrlllatOe;, 1tUpaXcopouvtav 1l0DAKlU Kai ~aKou<pta. "Eva 0llIlaV't1- KO t}.lf\}.la tile; tOUPKtKf\C; UptotoKpatiac; tile; MtKpne; , Aaiae;, nou dXE otatllPrl0Et ta }.lODA.Kta tllC; KatCO U1tO tie; yf:Ee; auv9illCte;, E~avaYlCaOtlllCE U1tO trlV 69co}.luVtKrl t~ouoia vd 1tpoa<pf:pEt atpanronlCf:e; U1tllPccriEe;, yta vd O'UVEXtOEt va £XEt tiC; yai&e; autf:e;289. 'AKO}.la Kat ol <p&ouoapXEC; trov OtaA.u}.lf:VCOV }.l1tETJA.iK1COV tile; MtlCpne; 'Aata<;_: atoue; 01tOtOUe; dXa.v XOPllYll9&i }.lOUA.lCta ati<; f:upco~ai~te;, u~tf:<; t~\) Bocnopou, to. EA.a~aV roe; bervech-i 9iftlik29<J, 011A.aOll }.l€ tllV l>noxP€roall vd O"teA.vouv EC11avr(ij8e; roe; aV'ttlCa"Caatat€<; roue atie; ElCCftpat&i&e;291. To yqovoC; auto U1tOt&A.oua& 1£apa~iaall til~ lCu~t6t~plle; apxile; 1tOD xapalCttlPt~& autrl trlV lCatllyopia yil<;, own to }.lOl>A.Kt

EmlCpatllO'll tOU tlllaptCOtlKOU ouatrl}.latOe;, ta }.louA.K:ta otv 0 _

_ ' .t ' .t I:: '9 -.t' l1~l

OUpyouvta~ 1taVt~tE u~o, ~,uta &'tll, !ll, uA.A.a auxva at ~apo~ trov

tt}.laptco:tlCCOV ya,trov. Auto 0}.l~5 1tOU €X&l ll€yaA.Ut&Pll cnuoctu Ottlv 1tpOlC&t}.l&Vll 1ttpt1t'tcoO'T'J slvm Ott, uV&~aptllta ano to nooo IltyO.A.ll bttpporl dxav ol EK1tPOOro1tOt tf\e; lCUptaPXTJC; ta~l1e;, ,,(to. tilv 0.1£0- Ktll0ll }.loUA.lCicov xp&ta~otav u1tapattrltCOe; 1) aU"(Katu9Eall tile; K€VtptKil<; OwilCllOll<;. M' auto rov tP01tO 1) KtVtptlCrl E~o\)aia KpatOUa€ uno rov E''A&yXo 'tllC; 't~ oXtoT'J UVa}.lEaa atic; 0111l0CJt&e; "(aite; Kat tu «Ilrl YVrlota» }.lOUAKta Kat Katop9cov&, at Il&Yo.A.O ~a9}.l0, va EIl1£00i~E1 trlv aU~T'Joll tfiC; OiKOVO}.ltlCfiC; E~ouaiae; tile; <p€OuOaA.tKile; o.ptatOKpa-

tiae;.

·H 7tapf;Jl~acrll 'tile; xevrpucfj; OtoiKl1crlle;

(Hie; f;~oocri.Ee; 'troY KU't0Xc.oy JloOA.KiroY xni ~aKooq>iCJ)v

2i2. tb., 0. 384.

213. 6.1C., 0. 385-386.

214. 6.1f., 0. 426-427.

215. 6.1f., 0. 412-413. 216 6.1f., 0. 444.

217 4 If., 0. 404.

"If., G. 433.

289. O. L. Barkan, «Ser'i miras hukuku ... », I5.Tr •• cr. 158-160.

290. V. Moutaftchieva, «Kum vuprosa za chiflitsite ... », 6.Tr., o. 45.

291. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.rr., cr. 329.

197

ArP0TIKEL I:XEl:EIl: l:THN OeOMANIKH A YTOKPATOPIA

MOYhKIKAIBAKOY$I

199

o>pouvtUV EVUVtt OrrT)pEO"troV. 'ElCtO<; ano 't6. 1l0DAKto. nOD

1lUP'lX ' ' , '

n~KUV 00<; aVto.AAaYlla Ylo. 'tT)V npooq>opo. o'tpa'ttoYtlK&V

aapaXOlP'lv1, ,,''\ s:: '0 ""l. - e

ui)v avo.q>f:PEtCtt ott 1l0UI\.Kla oo T) xuv lCCt1. OE IlEI\. T) 'tOU tspn,

K1)p£O , ' 293

\00292 Kai of: aAAOUC; a~twllo.'touXou<; .

f To. t01tlKa otpa't1wttKa Kat Otot.KT)'ttK6. opyo.vo. dxav 't11V apllo-

~ 't1lta va 7tapEIl~aivouv, roc; €Vo. paOllo, O't6.lloDAlCla Kat paKouq>ta. .:; Xat~tl 'Illnpi, y~u napU()E~YIl~~ ayopaOE ~no -:ov Ka~6. Tcp't,~l) lva tOlq>AiKl otU MaA yapa KCt1. 'to EKaVE palCouq>t. 0IlW<; 0 cro.Vt~aK-

J11tEtl<; cillq>lO~tltT)crE t~V EYK~po"CT)"Ca "C?uy~uAKiou, lCat OSV €nE:pc'V~ ttl J1UQtporrtl roo OE PCtlcouq>t. Msre uno nOAAE<; Oto.olKaCf1.cc;, 0 'IIl1tpi KatOpOrooE vu anO()d~Et rov "ChAO "COU Kat IlE q>tPIlUVt Errt1CDp<OO'E to 1l0UAKt rou. TotE IlOV~ OSX'tTllC~ 6 OQv:~~lCllnETl<; v~ avo.yvCfJpioEt to ~QKOUq>t 'tOU294• "Eva o.AAO lC"CTl!la crnv AoptaVOunOATl ncpaX(J)Ptl9T)KE of: KarrE"CuvtoU<; (reisJik) <i><; aV"CUAAaYlla ytU 'ti<; OnTlPEoiE<; tOUC;. "Evnc ano o.l)'tOU<; 'to IlE'tapipam: oro ytO tOU, IlE ttlV l>noXPf:(J)oT) ouYXpovroc; vd unTlPE't1l0Et o"Co ()'tOAO. KaOro<; OIl(J)C; 6 110<; tOU XprootOUOE XPllllo.'ta o'to 0Tl0o.UPOq>UAUlCtO, 'to xpdroc Kate- 0XE to 1l0t>AlCt Kat 'to napo.xroPTlOE OE aAAO lCo.nE'tUvto295.

MOAovon 1) Yil trov 1l0UAlCtWV Ko.i 'troY paKouq>irov npoo"Ca'twotav

bticrT)llo. arro ttlV lCpattlCllno.pf:!lPo.OTl, yvroPt~OU!lE 1tEPt1t'troOEtC; Kata tic; 01tOiEC; to KPU'tOC; no.pEvEPTl avotlC'tu o'tt<; unoOsoEt<; 'troY lCatOXCfJV J10UAKlWV. ~TlAaotl, " lCEV"CptKll ototKTlOTl nflpE rdoro IlEptKU 1CA.T)poV0J11K6. ~o.KOUq>to. ano "Cou<; KatOXou<; 'tOU<; Kat 'tU £OroOE os o.AAouC;296, 1\ IlE't&1:PE",E KATlPOVO!ltK6. paKOUq>ta os «YV1l0tu»297 Yl6. 6pWIlf:VO ot<iO"CT)llo.' aA.AO'tE 1t6.A\ dOE1tpa't'tE 'tllV 1tPOOOOO 'troY !lOUAKirov IlEta "CO O<iVO.'tO 'troY o.KATlPWV Ka'toxrov 'tOU<;298,

, A~t~E\ vd OTlilE1WOd on 't6. napo.n6.vro 1tapaodYlla'ta Kpo."Cuci,\<; napEllpacrT)C; aq>opouv anOKAEtonKU 1l0UAlCto. Kat paKouq>la not> OEV avf\Kav crE IlEAT) 'til<; lCupio.PXT)C; q>EouoaAtKf\<; 'tU~Tl<; <lAAU of; ~eyhler,

[eislt~[, (1)Ao.Otl crt npocrwno. nOD otv dxo.v cr1)llaivoucra K01 '

, '\ ' • _ .,J.' VWVtKll

e~o~299 .• Em~I\.EOv, 0,1 yatEC; ;OUe; '1;o.v na,;rotc IltKpee;, Kupiwe; miilk

fiftlIk. EnoIlEvwe;, 'to 'to.~tKO xprrnpio 'tT)e; nOAttt.Ki\e; tou 6ew _

, ' 0'" ~aV1

KOU Kpa"Coue; outverut xc upn Kat ornv m:pin'twcrn aut'll 'E - .

, '\" _ , '1' I' VOl Ot

KatOXOt w:yaAwv 1l0UI\.lCtWV coroxrouccv 'tEpacrnce; EKtacrW; 1tpocrq> , -

povrcc f;KOOUAEDcrEle; os O'l'T)Aa i.OtallEVo. 1tpocr(J)na, KaVOV'tae; o.y~pEe; Ko.i ll1)xavoppaq>iEe; KaOE £iooue;, Kat Ko.tOpOwvav j.l.E tOV tP01tO autO va npocr'to.tEUOOUV UnOtEAEOllo.'ttKU ttl yi\ roue ano tie; ap1taKttKte; Oto.OtoEte; tOU Kpa'tOUC;, 'ta j.l.tKpa 1l0UAKta, nou aVi\Kav crE li(1)llouC; uvOpronoue; 1\ oe EKnpocrro1toUC; ti\c; naA1u~ q>cou8aA1.Ki\C; aptcrtoKPU1:io.C; trov j.l.nET)AtKlWV, "to.v EK'tEOEllltVo. cr'tie; auOatpEcriEC; tile; KEV"CptKile; E~ouoia<;.

<H oiKovofltlCrl1CapEfl~a(HI 'til~ KEV'tPtKil~ 8tOtKllGll~ G'ta flouAlCta Kat 'to. ~aKouq>ta

Ilupd ttlv U1to.p~T) nEpl1t'trooEwv onwe; au'ttc; 1tOU avaq>tpallt nponyouj.l.ev(J)e;, Kat uvaq>epallE AtYEC; OXE'tlKa -unapxouv 1tall1tOAAEe; ~ap"CuptEC;- unopobus vd Olo.'tunrooouJ.lE 'ttlv li1to'l'T} on to 60(J)j.l.avtKO xpdrot; Oto.oq>aAt~E Ixcvonorrrnxd -ra OtKo.tWllata t&v KatOXCfJV 1l0UAKlWV (lCAT)pOVOlltKTl otaOOXtl, 1troA1)crT) Kat usrurpom] crt ~aKOUqn). Lt xcvsvo; 0IlWC; J..lOUAxvaj1E " KEV"CPtlCtl otoiK1)crll otv crUj.l.1tEP1- Aall~aVEt avallEoa o'ta OtKatro!la"Ca 'tOU Ko.'tOXOU j.l.OUAKioo rriv Uho- 1to(1)o1) 'tOU OUVOAOU 'tOU sioo0tlllatOC; nOD arreq>EpE to J.l0UAKt. To YE10voC; on oi nspicoorepot KuptOt 1l0UAKlWV oev dXav OiKovOlltKti o.u'tOVOllio. avo.tpd uno IlOVO roo rov no AU Ka"CT}yopT}f..LatlKO optcrj.l.O 't&v OtKo.tWIl<l'trov ron - (<1tAtlPT) OtKatrolla.-ro.» Kat (<1tAtiPT}C; KUP10fT\to.»300. 'R unap~T) Kpo.tlK(i)V 0PyuvCJ)v Kal iotahEpa t&v KpatlKrov oi~OV_Ollt1(rov UnT)pEcrtrov, nOD no.pEvtpatVav otiC; yai&e; trov 1l00AKi~v Kat ttov ~o.lCouq>iwv, oev IlU<; f;1tl'tperrEt vd opioOUIlE WC; (<1tAtlPE1C;» nc; E~ouoiEe; 'trov Ko.tOXWV rouq, 'E~aAAOu, it OlKOVOJ.ltlCti E~aptT}(Jll avttKo.t01t'tpt~o'to.v o'ttlv \)1tOxpewcr1) nOD dXav oi KUPlOt t&v 1l00AKirov

299. o.7r., o. 170 191 268 289

300. 6. 1. Bark~n, «Miilk' topr~klar ... », o.K., o. 158 !C.t.

AfP0T1KEl: l:XEl:EIl: l:THN OSnMANIKH AYTOKPATOPIA ---

MOYAKI KAI BAKOY~1

-

3Ot. «MtXPl tWpo., !CavEtt; otv tm;vt~Tj 0' airt11v 'tt)v !Co.A.A.U;pyou~I:VTj ~t altTlpa Y~i m6 ta. 6~la. tTjt; 6pi~oV'tat p ' autu to. ouvopa, !Cal (i1t6 tt)v 61toia £ia1tptlttOVf(lIO Ip6pot !Cal", ou:citTj a61upffiVo. ~ to VOIlO» ~) •. M. T. Gokbilgin, a.n., 0. 185.

302. ~}.. lto.pcuulv{J) !C&q>. A' .

303.6. L. Barkan, Ksnunlsr, o. 74, 111,210.

304. M. T. Gokbilgin, D.n., a. 208.

305. 6.1f., o. 370-371.

306. 6.1f., c. 500.

307. 6.1f., o, 424.

308. 6.1f., o, 209.

309. 6.1f., a. 208.

I ;:;t. AnKooq>iwv vd oOAAEYouv 0.1t0 'tou<; payta8E<; roix; to cIoo

lCu,tu,vP"" ," r ' 'S:' 30 ~

• 000 toW q>opwv 1tOU opu,» T} KEV'tPtKT} utOtKT}OT} I.

JC(IltOn - r S:' •

'H OLKovoIlLK11 1tap£ll~a011 'tOU xpcrouq uEV cnuuivsi avuYlea_

, on to 1I0UAKt t1 'to ~aKouq)l bEV Tl'tav olxovouucd o.VE~aplnto

attKa r , .• ): • '1

1. S:" to Kpa'tO<; -u1tiipxav q)UOtKa xrn E~atPEOet<;- Kpa'tOUaE ~t-

1;.1t&Lu·1 s: '1"\ 'A ' , S

po; tile; q>wo8aAtKii<; 1tpoa?uou. , :.t.<; 1tapEIl:ao111tpE~Et va, E,WPOUV_

1 ol 1tnti!:EL<; tii<; KEVtplK11<; 8tOtKT}011<; 1tOU OUVtO'tOUOUV U1tEp~aan ta t'-~ 1.): - r 'I

t&Y VOIl08&ttKa Ka'tOxupwll£Vrov t.~OUOtrov tT}<; O'tOV KatallEptcr~6

tile; q>&ou8aAtKii<; 1tPOO?DOU ~vuIlEoa .. O't11V Ot~OVO~tKl1 ~1tllPeai~ leai tOY KatOXO 'tOU 1l0UAKWU. TE'tOtOU EtDOU<; 1tpa~l1l1'tav 111tapaxwPl1- a11Il£POU<; tiie; 1tpoo080u 'tOU q>eou8uPX11 OE dAAO q>eouDaPX11, OUV~~ £vav ttJ.lapwuxo, 'H ol.KovolltK11 1tapEIl~a011 tfj<; KEV'tpIKiie; Ot- 0\K11011e; o.1tO't&AOUOE O't11V ouoia t1tEIl~a011 xui o'ti<; t~OUOiE<; tOll KatOXOU 'tOU 1l0UAKlOU IlE 't11V Evvota on DEv iDt01totOuv'tav uovo ~ K&vtptKl1 DwiK11011 IlEPO<; 'tou &l.OODl1lla'tO<; 'tOU 1l0UA.KlOU 'tOU, aAM

Kai sva<; dAAOe; q>&ou8uPX11<;·

.. Av KpiVOUIl& 0.1t0 'tie; 1t1lYE<;, rsrou«; EV£PYEtE<; Tl'tav apK&tU au-

lvt<; 0.1t0 ttlV 1tA.wpa 'tii<; KEV'tptKfj<; t~ouoia<;. LE optousva; bt(lpXtc~ tile; au'toKpa'topiae; 01tOU " yawK't11oia Tl'tav oPyavrollf;v11 OUIlq>(J)va ~ to oUo't11lla malikane-divanj302, " oiKovolltKl11tapEIl~ao11 'tOU KPa.roo; dl& yiVEt mlyta 1tpaKnKtl. IIoA.o ouxva 8tEK8tKOUV 860 q>EOUMpx.&e;, D11A.a8tl 0 KU'tOXOe; 'tou 1l0UA.Kiou i1 'tOU ~aKouq>tOU Kat 0 tlllapuj)'tT}e;, 'ta xpotovtu 'tfj<; ayponKfje; 1tapayroyfje;, of; d80e; Kat of. IPiilla, 1tOU 1tP0f;PXOVtav a1tO tl1V tOta Yii. L'tO oav't~uKt 'tOU XaAc- 1tiou, yui 1tap<10EtYlla, \mfjpxa.v xroptU 1t00 f\'tav E~ OA.OKA.l1POU j.lou)..Kta Kai ~a1cooq>ta Kat dA.A.a noo f\tav 'tautOXpova Kat 'tlIlUPUl ~ laOla (has ve timar miisterek: oJan)303.

Elver ecvspo on of; rsroiou d80u~ 1l0UA.Kta Kai ~aKouq>ta ~t~V doi>vato V<1 {mup~Et 1l0pq>11 Eoaq>lKou OtaxroptollOu i1 vd tXEl 0 K~p1Oe; to\:) 1l0UAKiou 1tA.tlP11 8tKa.tOlIla.'ta. 'Evro, o Ilroe; , otie; n&ptOX~~ ltoi> aYaq>&paIlE " Kat<1o'tao11 aU'ttl SEwpeital Empiroo11 tOU ouotn-

Ila'to~ malikane-divani, 'to onofo o.vay0'tav of. 1tpOOeW~vuco6<; ouoaAtKOU<; ,SEoll~ue;, o't~ t8uq>T} :ii~ P?UIl&AT}e; it 1tpaK'ttK1\ ~ E~f.q>pa~& Ilta 1tapa.'tu1t11 OtKOVOlltKT}1tap&j.l~ao11 'tile; KWtpucile; 010\K11011e; o'tie; yaiEe; 'troy 1l0UAKl.rov Kai 'troy ~aKouq>twV.

1:'t<1 BaAKuVta " 8t&K8iK11011 o.no 860 q>&OUbaPXEe; 'to\) daoOiU14- tOe; 'tiie; i8tae; yfj<;, 1l0UA.KlOU " ~aKouq>iou, 8EV tV't<1aaEtat at6 au.. a't11Po 1tA.atcrtO 1tOU xapaK'tl1pt~E 'tiC; yai&e; au'tf.e; a'ttl MtKpO. • AoteE1toiKtAA& KUSE q>opu avaA.oya Ilf; tl1v 1t&pi1t'twoT}. Oi K<1tOLKOL tile; Atvoo. ytU 1tapuDEtYlla, 1tA.tlProvav EVa. IlEpOe; trov q>opwv roo; o'to ~aKouq>t 'tOU Bayta~i't A' Kai Eva dA.A.o o'to ~aKouq>t tOU MoupQ"C B '304. Of q>OpOl 'tOU xroptOU N'ta~ouV'tA.up o'ttl <DtAl1t1t06nOAT} ,,"Cav E1ttOT}e; 1l0tpaOIlf.VOt OE bUO q>eoU8<1PXE~: 'to ~aKouq>L tOU 1:qaj.lX&Vriv 1taou &l.OE1tpa't'tE 't118EKU't11Kai 'to ~a.KOUq>l toi) BaYLa~it A' 1:06<; unOAOt1tOUC; q>opoue;305 . .1EKa aKolla xwptU 'tfje; <Dl},l1t1tOU1tOA11e; XA1\pevcv tOUe; paytE oopoo; cr'to paKouq>t 'tOU LExall1tEvtiv 1taau, tOV K&q>aAtKO oopo Kai Eva oopo yta ta 1tpo~a'ta oro ~KO(XPt tile; MlXPtllUX LOUA't<1V306• 'Eni tfjc; ~a(JtA&ia<; 'tOU Bayta~it B' , 1tEvt& xwpui 'tii<; <DtAt1t1tOU1tOA.11<; 1tA11Provav 't11 8EK<1'tT} oro ~aKo6q>l to\:) 'IIl1tpaitll 1taou tyro of \mOA.Ot1tOl q>opot o.nOt&AOUOaV ruidpto Ev6<; axalil307· Ol paytU8Ee; troy IlEtaA.A.drov 'tou ToaYAayiK 1t}.tlPwvav tOY K&qxlA.tKO eopo o'to xpdror; Kai of tmOAOt1tOt oopoi roue Tl'tav j.lotpaO~vOl avullEoa oro ~aKouq>t tOU Moupdr B' Kai of. IlEplKOUe; tlj.laptrot&e;, ol 01toiOt E1tatpVav 1l0VO 'tl1v 8&K<1't11308• 'H tOta Ka'taa'taOl1 o.navtatat af.1tOAAa xropta 'tfje; rKtOUIlOuh~ivae; (Kouomvri)?". To KpO.toc; napa~ia~& Il' au'to rov 'tP01tO Ilta U1tO 't<1 S&IlEAtW8f.ot&pa XapaKtTlptO'ttK<1 'troy yatrov a.u'trov, 011A.aDtl 't11 OUYK&KplJ.lEVTl tK'taOl11tOO KataA<1llpavav. Ltie; 1tEPl1t'tOlcrEt<; 1tOU avaq>EpaIlE, ~aKo6q>L Kal tlll<1P10 1i 860 ~a.KoUq>ta ouvunfjpxav XPOVtKU orriv iOLa 1t&PtOXtl·

TO. 1tA.tlP11 8tKatc.Olla'ta 'tou Ka't0Xou 1l0UAKioo" ~aKol)(J)ioo xapa~t<1~ov'tav Kai O£ o,n o.q>opu tie; q>&OU8aAtKE"; U1tOXP&roO&Le; to\) 1tA,l1-

_.... ~\Otl to ICpatO£; bttpUAA€ douct~ \)1tOxPc~ _ ... _ t()\)~. To xwptO Tup~1toulCt tOU .!\touI!OtE1XO\l 1}POVOt,U1CO pUlCouqn ICui PptOICOtUV Ot-qv ICUtO~

.. _.w 'til~ flClOuAOEXPi. L\EICUE1t'ta o~w~ xptattUVtlCel 61Io1Ptwall vd EICU:AOUV 't-qv U1tllPEoiu derbenci, ilt_""G01N 1tEpaa~U'tu. l:tO EyypUq>O aVUq>EPE'tUt Ott «oi .... un otv ciVT)ICOUV ol totOt oro pmcouq>t, aV-qICEt I!ovo ~

.... li.dipYi>OV»~IU. I'to PUICOUq>t 'tou fICt01C'tOE XUl!sa., at~v _.1611) 61ri\PIUV k6priiciiJer311 (ICu'tuaICwuo'tE<; YEq>UptWv). .... it aVtptlCT) olOiICllOll oEv dae1tPU't'tE uovo 't-q XPlll!UttlC~ "p6aoOo 'til<; Y11<; 1tOU 1tUpuXwpouaE roc; ~OUAICt f1 pUlC06~ ~a.ocmOO<Jg ICui £1tt1tpo09E't1l1tpOaOoo ~E 't-q ~opq>-q dotlCrov

...... v; t~ 61toiE<; E1tEPUAAE a'tou<; puytaoE<;, 1tpay~u 1tOU U1tEaf; papoe; 'tou miilk sahibi.

"'HVCO a'totxEiu OEV 9a 1tPE1tEt, PEputroe;, vd U1tEPEIC'ttl!llEIpOU1'tat yta a1toa1tUaI!UnICE<; 1tAllPOq>OptEe; 1tOU I!Uptupouv _v ... ~ ~ 1tpOa1ta9EU~e; 'trov ICUtOXroV trov ~oUAlCirov ICUt 'trov ~a.... PI vti o\axwptaouv 'tie; yuiEe; roue cmo tie; liAAEe; yUlEe; t~~ ._.()f)illl~ Kat va tie; oluaq>aAtaOUv a1to tllV 1tUPEl!puoll t~~ ."*~to{KllcrT)<;, ol yUlEe; uu'te<; E~UlCOAou90uoav va alvei fXU:_.1( at~ ap1tUK't1.KEe; otU9EaEte; tfle; lCEV'tptlCfle; E~ouaiue;.

MOYAKIKAIBAKOY~I :.:::.--

9600u<; £ICI!EtUAAEUoll<; ICUi. ICUtUVOI!~~ tou doo&-q~t6r 'MIl,,",

J.1E , 9 " , J. ., - .....

, oupu OSV tllPll rpcuv OtU XPOV1U 1tOU ulCoAou911ouv. ITa'"" _1.... at)' , - 9 - , - " !AI' ... aKpuio ouvtllPllTtO~~ tW,V EO~WV U\YtWV, to ~OUAlCllCUi to ~

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Ol UAAUYEC; OJ.l.We; 1tOU E1tflA8uv o'ta ~UICOU<PtU 'iitUV tEAtiwe; OtU-

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~ ~a\pt<JEt<; 1tOU avuq>EpUJ.l.E 1tupu1tavro, oev \)1tapXEt xcrcp__ '.up\~oAia OXE'ttKa I!E 'ta (<1tAT)Pll 8tlCCltroJ.l.UtU», «niv U1tOt.~)tnta» 'tou KU't0XOU tOU J.l.oUAlCiou fI pUlCouq>iou. Auto 1tO\) ___ iIUIL QJ1<Pta~ll'tEitut slvm it J.l.CtICPOPto'tll'tU 'trov yutOK'tT\at-

_P~~·lC ~K<ppaaEt<; 1tOU u1tflpxuV a'toue; J.l.ou).xvaJ.l.t&~ Kal yc"..,.,o1tlJJ£(jE,'c. Ilf; 'tie; 01tOlE<; E~OplCtSOV'tuv oi J.l.EAAOV'tlICE<; Y~lCa'ta'tEJ1axioouv tie; yUlEe; uutEC; lCui va 1!1lV d.AAa~oUv tH;

312. G. Elezovic, D.1C., 12, 1l08.

313. a.1C., cr. 409.

314, M. T. Gokbilgin, a.1C., cr. 272.

315. a.Te., cr. 253.

316. a.Te., cr. 288-289.