Reference

Reinforced Concrete Design by S.N.Sinha, Problem 11-13.

Problem
Design a pile cap with the given data: Load Fy = 2000KN, MZ = 300 KN-m, Spacing = 900 mm,
Pile in Pile Cap = 75 mm, Bottom Cover = 100 mm, Edge Distance = 275 mm, No. of Pile = 9,
fc = 15 MPa, fy = 415 MPa, Column Dimension = 500mm x 500mm, Ultimate Load Factor =
1.5.

Solution
Pile reaction:
P1 =416.667 KN
P2 = 416.667 KN
P3 = 416.667 KN
P4 = 333.333 KN
P5 = 333.333 KN
P6 = 333.333 KN
P7 =250 KN
P8 = 250 KN
P9 = 250 KN
Bending moment at critical section (at column face),
Mu (along length) = 3 x 416.667 x 0.65 = 812.5 KN-m
Mu (along width) = (416.667+333.333+250) x 0.65 KN-m
VIVEK KUMAWAT

= 650 KN-m
Assuming 850 mm overall depth and 12 mm bar,
Effective depth de = 850-(100+75+6) = 669 mm
Kumax = 0.479
Rumax = 0.36 x fc x Kumax x (1- 0.42 Kumax) = 2.066
Mulim= Rumax x B x de2 = 2172.953 KN-m > Mu (Hence safe)
Area of Steel Required
Area of steel required along length,
Ast = 0.5 x B x de = 3592.61 mm2
Minimum area of steel Astmin = 0.0012 x B x D = 2397 mm2
Area of steel required along width,
= 0.5 x B x de = 2833.69 mm2
Minimum area of steel Astmin = 0.0012 x B x D = 2397 mm2
Check for One-Way Shear (Along Length)
Percentage of steel pt = 0.2285 %
Corresponding allowable c = 0.338 N/mm2
Developed shear stress
Vumax =KN = 530 KN

Developed shear stress c =

= 0.337 N/mm2 < c,all (Hence safe)
Check for Two-Way Shear
Vumax = (3000-333.33) KN = 2666.67 KN
Developed shear stress

= 0.852 N/mm2

Ks = min( 0.5+1 , 1) = 1
Allowable shear stress = Ks x
= 0.968 N/mm2 > developed

VIVEK KUMAWAT

= 1 x 0.25
c (hence safe)
c

Spacing
Along length:
No. of 12 mm bar =

= 31.76 (32)

Spacing = 68.967 mm
Spacing along length for 12 mm bar = 68.967 mm
Along width:
No. of 12 mm bar = 25.06 (26)
Spacing = 85.52 mm
Spacing along width for 12 mm bar = 85.52 mm

Comparison
Value Of
Effective
Depth
Governing
Moment
(length)
One-Way
Shear Stress
(Length)
Two-Way
Shear Stress

Reference Result

STAAD.foundation
Result

Difference in
Percent

669 mm

669 mm

None

812.5 KN-m

812.503 KN-m

Negligible

0.337 N/mm2

0.337 N/mm2

None

0.852 N/mm2

0.852 N/mm2

None

Table 8.4

VIVEK KUMAWAT