CHUN HA D LIU

1 Bi ton
Thit k c s d liu qun l cc n t hng (Invoice) ca mt cng ty.

2 Phn tch bi ton

c trn n t hng, chng ta thy c nhng thng tin sau:
M n t hng(Invoice No: 125), Ngy t hng (Date: September 13, 2002), M khch hng
(Customer No: 56), Tn khch hng (Foo, Inc.), a ch ca khch hng (23 Main St.
Thorpleburg, TX). M mt hng (Item ID), M t mt hng (Description), S lng mt hng
(Quantity), Gi n v mt hng (Unit Price), Thnh tin mi mt hng (Amount= Quantity * Unit
Price), Tng gi thnh (Total Due).

3 Chun mt
To bng ring cho mi nhm d liu lin quan
Cc ct ca bng phi c gi tr nguyn t
Cc thuc tnh kha cn c xc nh

T phn tch bi ton trn, chng ta c bng qun l cc n t hng nh sau

Trong , order_id v item_id l t hp kha chnh, T hp xc nh ring bit mi

bn ghi (b/dng) trong bng. Ta thy cc ct ca bng c gi tr nguyn t. Nh vy, ta
xy dng c cu trc bng tha mn chun mt.

4 Chun hai
Tha mn chun hai
Khng c nhng ph thuc mt phn
Cc bng c lin kt thng qua kha ngoi
Chng ta xt tip bng orders c tha mn chun hai. Bng orders tha mn chun
mt. Tip n, s ph thuc mt phn ca cc thuc tnh khng phi l kha cn c
kim tra.
order_date (ngy t hng): ng vi mi order_id (m t hng), c ngy t
hng, tuy nhin khng nht thit phi c mt hng. Do vy order_date ch ph
thuc kha order_id, ch khng ph thuc kha item_id. vi phm chun hai.
customer_id (m khch hng): ng vi mi n t hng s c mt khch hng
tham gia giao dch vi cng ty. Tuy nhin vic mua hng g l do h quyt nh.
Nh vy, customer_id ph thuc kha order_id, m khng ph thuc kha
item_id. Cc thuc tnh customer_name v customer_address li ph thuc vo
customer_id. Theo tnh cht bc cu, chng cng ging trng hp ca
customer_id. vi phm chun hai.
item_description (m t mt hng): d nhn thy thuc tnh ny ph thuc vo
kha item_id m khng ph thuc kha order_id. Thuc tnh item_price cng
tng t. vi phm chun hai.
item_qty (s lng ca mt mt hng): Mt n t hng s yu cu mt s
lng nht nh ca mt mt hng c th. Thuc tnh ny ph thuc c hai kha
item_id v order_id. tha mn chun hai.
Ring trng hp hai thuc tnh item_total_price, order_total_price: Chng u
ph thuc c hai kha item_id v order_id. Tuy nhin, gi tr ca chng hon
ton c th tnh ton da trn cc thuc tnh khc c. Ta s b chng i
trnh d tha d liu.

Qua phn tch trn, ta cn sa li cu trc bng khng vi phm iu kin ph thuc
mt phn ca chun hai. Nhng thuc tnh ch ph thuc mt kha chng ta s tch
ring ra sang bng khc.

5 Chun ba
Tha mn chun hai
Khng c ph thuc bc cu
Nh phn tch trn, cc bng orders, order_items v items u tha mn chun hai.
Khi xt n s ph thuc bc cu, chng ta thy bng orders vi phm (nh phn tch
cc trng customer_name, customer_address ). Do chng ta cn tch cc thuc tnh
sang mt bng ring.