3

(Farm Tractor)

(tractor)

..1850 50 ..1856
(Traction engine) ..1890

..1890
..1892 John
Froelich 1 15
(internal
combustion)
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.

38


4.50 2.70
8

39

..1859
8 4.8 ..1873

 1
..1876

..1889

..1904

..1908
(Winnipeg)

..1911

..1915-1919 (P.T.O. shaft)

..1919

..1920-1924
..1925-1929

(ASAE) (mechanical power)

..1930-1937
(steel wheel) (pneumatic tires)

 ..1937-1941

..1941-1949

..1950-1960

..1960

..1961
..1967

3 (Three Point Hitch)

..1950
90.8
26
26 17
(power steering)
- (high-low)

(according to method of tractor)

3
1 (wheel tractors)


. (row-crop tractor)

(dual or single wheel) (adjustable widefront)
. (standard tread tractor)

. (high clearance front axle tractor)

4

. (low profile tractor)

40 41

 42 4 43

44
2 (tract-type tractor)

3 4 (four-wheel drive tractor) 2

4
2
.
. (slippage)

4 2
1. 4 (front wheel auxiliary drive)

45
2. 4 (true four-wheel drive)
4 2
. (articulated steering)
2

. (steering axle)

2 (front-wheel steering)
2 (rear-wheel steering) 4 (four-wheel
steering) 4 (crab steering)

46

47 4

 48 4

49 4

50 4

 (according to utility)

1 (general purpose tractor) 4

2 (all purpose tractor)

3 (orchard tractor)

4 (industrial tractor)


5 (lawn and garden tractor)
2
1.5 5.2
4
6 (paddy tractor) 2 4
2 (walking tractor)
3.7 5.2
4

51

52

53
-

54

 55 2 4

4.5 - 7.5
2 4 11 16.6
4

3
1.
2.
3.

6 8.9
30 1
11 15
40 1 10 2
18 22
35 2
26 34
35 16 3
37 45
35 4
48 56
40 5
59 97
40 6

1. (Engines)
2. (Transmission Systems)
3. (Steering Systems)
4. (Braking Systems)
5. (Hydraulic Systems)
6. (Drawbar And Hitches)
1. (Engines)
4
1 6 15 80
(Dust
bowl)

(Turbocharger)
(Intercooler)

2. (Transmission systems)
, , ,

3
1)

56
2)

57
3) 4

58 4

2.1 (Clutch)


(Disk
type) (dry type) (Wet Type)
(single plate type) (multiple plate type)

(Mechanical Type)
(Hydraulic Type)

( 59)
(
)

()

() ( 59 .)

() ( 59 .)

(Release
lever) A

59


( 60)


( 60 .)

36
( 60 .)
(1)
( 60 .) () (2)
(1)

60
2.2 (Gear)

1

1)

61
2)
(1) (2)

(1)

(2) (2) (2)
(3)


3)
2 (Constant load type)
(Lock type)
)

 (1) (2)

(
)
(
)

62


)
(Synchronization)

(1) (2)

(1) (2)

(1) (2)
4) (Planetary Gears)

63
2.3 (Differential Gears)

64






100
() 200
50 150

65



3. (Steering system)

(Ackerman)

66

1.
2.
)
67

67
68
)
68


2

Power
(Steering shaft)

 69
4. (Brake system)

2 () (
)

1.
-
-
-
2.
-
-
4.1
( 70)

 70
4.2
( 71)

71

72

4.3
( 72 )

 73
4.4
( 73)

74
4.5
( 74)

5. (Hydraulic system)




3

75
5.1

()

5.2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.3

()

5.4

()

()

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

76
6.


3
1.
2.
3.
3

6.1

3
-
-
-

77
6.2
3
-

-

3 (Three point system)

78
3

3 2 3
(ball joints)

 79 3
6.3
2

80