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  • ET3034TUx 1.2 Slides

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    The document provides an introduction to solar energy and the global energy problem. It discusses how energy is measured in joules and watts. It then summarizes the energy problem, including rising global population and standards of living increasing energy consumption. Data shows rising oil prices, increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, and rising global temperatures indicating climate change. The types of energy conversion are outlined including solar, thermal, hydro, wind and nuclear. Charts show electricity generation sources and worldwide electricity generation figures dominated by fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.

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    Solar energy basics

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    The document provides an introduction to solar energy and the global energy problem. It discusses how energy is measured in joules and watts. It then summarizes the energy problem, including rising global population and standards of living increasing energy consumption. Data shows rising oil prices, increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, and rising global temperatures indicating climate change. The types of energy conversion are outlined including solar, thermal, hydro, wind and nuclear. Charts show electricity generation sources and worldwide electricity generation figures dominated by fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    2 views17 pages

    ET3034TUx 1.2 Slides

    Uploaded by

    rt_fishee
    The document provides an introduction to solar energy and the global energy problem. It discusses how energy is measured in joules and watts. It then summarizes the energy problem, including rising global population and standards of living increasing energy consumption. Data shows rising oil prices, increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, and rising global temperatures indicating climate change. The types of energy conversion are outlined including solar, thermal, hydro, wind and nuclear. Charts show electricity generation sources and worldwide electricity generation figures dominated by fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    IntroductiontoSolarEnergy

    EnergyConversion
    Week1.2
    ArnoSmets

    (Source:NASA)

    Energy Joules(J)
    Power=Energy/Time Watts(W)
    1W=1J/s
    1kWh=1kWx1h=3.6MJ

    TheEnergyProblem
    Growing world population

    TheEnergyProblemEnergyShortage
    Increasing livingstandard:

    Energyconsumptionpercapita
    (Source:Wikipedia)

    EnergyShortage

    Ann.Averg.Oilprice(in2008USD)

    TheEnergyProblem
    120
    100
    80
    60
    40
    20
    0
    1900

    1920

    1940

    1960

    1980

    2000

    Time

    Source:BPworkbookofhistoricaldata

    380
    360

    DirectMeasurements
    IceCoreMeasurements

    340
    320
    300
    280

    1750

    1800

    1850

    1900

    1950

    260
    2000

    Partspermillionbyvolume

    CarbonDioxideConcentration

    Source:TrendsinatmosphericCO2 ESRLGMD

    TheEnergyProblem
    Climatechange

    GlobalTemperatureAnomaly(C)

    GlobalTemperature
    0.6
    0.4

    Hottest12monthsonrecord
    June2009toMay2010

    0.2
    0
    0.2
    NASAGISS12monthsrunningaverage

    0.4
    1880 1900

    1920

    1940

    1960

    1980 2000

    Energyconversion
    Gravitational

    Nuclear

    Thermal

    Wind

    Hydrotidal
    Heat
    engines

    Mechanical

    <60%

    Electric
    generators
    =90%

    Electrical
    Photo
    voltaics

    =90%

    Chemical
    Coal,oil,gas,biomass,
    hydrogen

    Electrolyzers
    FuelCells

    Solarthermal

    Solar

    (Source:L.Freris,D.Infield,RenewableEnergyinpowerSystems,Wiley2008)

    Electricitygeneration2007
    hydro 19%

    Conversion
    losses

    nuclear 16%
    gas 15%

    2/3

    coal
    oil

    Electricity
    consumption
    40% residential
    1/3

    40%

    47% industry

    10%

    13% transmission
    losses

    Worldwide
    generation
    20,202TWh

    19%

    nuclear

    16%

    gas

    gas
    coal

    hydro

    fossil

    coal

    60%

    oil
    oil

    5000x0.5GW
    Nuclearpowerplant

    3%

    wind
    nuclear

    4%

    biomass

    6%

    Netherlands
    103TWh
    63%

    87%

    Brasil
    413TWh

    74%
    hydro

    gas
    gas

    coal
    oil

    fossil

    coal
    oil

    16,4%

    16,4%

    import

    5,7%

    nuclear
    biomass

    2%
    3,6%

    gas

    10,6%

    coal
    oil

    1,4%
    4,4%

    (Source:NASA)

    Thank you for your attention!

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