Budownictwo i Architektura 13(3) (2014) 209-217

%ODFKDIDGRZDMDNRXV]W\ZQLHQLHSDVyZNUDWRZQLFSDVNLFK
SU]\Z\ERF]HQLX]LFKSDV]F]\]Q\
Antoni Biegus
.DWHGUD.RQVWUXNFML0HWDORZ\FK:\G]LD%XGRZQLFWZD/GRZHJRL:RGQHJR3ROLWHFKQLND
:URFDZVNDHmail: antoni.biegus@pwr.wroc.pl

Streszczenie: BODFKD IDGRZD RGSRZLHGQLR SRF]RQD ] SDVHP JyUQ\P NUDWRZQLF\

SDVNLHM PRH E\ XZ]JOGQLRQD Z RFHQLH XWUDW\ VWDWHF]QRFL ] SDV]F]\]Q\ XVWURMX
zarwno jej pasw grnych, jak i pasw dolnych. W artykule omwiono warunki
XV]W\ZQLHQLD ERF]QHJR EODFKDPL IDGRZ\PL SDVyZ NUDWRZQLF GDFKyZ EH]SDWZLRZ\FK
3RGDQR PRGHOH REOLF]HQLRZH RFHQ\ VSU\VWHJR SRGSDUFLD ERF]QHJR SDVyZ GROQ\FK
NUDWRZQLFZZ\QLNXMHM]DPRFRZDQLDZREXGRZLHGDFKRZHM]EODFKIDGRZ\FK3U]HGVWaZLRQRSURFHGXU\RFHQ\QRQRFLQDZ\ERF]HQLDSDVyZGROQ\FK]SDV]F]\]Q\NUDWRZQLF\
XV]W\ZQLRQHMGDFKRZ\PLEODFKDPLIDGRZ\PL
6RZDNOXF]RZH NUDWRZQLFDSDVNDEODFKDIDGRZDXV]W\ZQLHQLHERF]QHSDVDNUatownicy

1. Wprowadzenie
%ODFK\ IDGRZH  L  JHQHUDFML >@ XPROLZLDM SURMHNWRZDQLH GDFKyZ NUDWRZQLFow\FK EH] NRQLHF]QRFL VWRVRZDQLD SDWZL : GDFKDFK EH]SDWZLRZ\FK RVRQRZH EODFK\
IDGRZHRSLHUDMVLEH]SRUHGQLRQDSDVDFKJyUQ\FKNUDWRZQLF3RGREQHZ\WHQLHXVWURMX
Z\VWSXMH Z SU]\SDGNX SDWZL NUDWRZ\FK : W\FK NRQVWUXNFMDFK EODFK\ IDGRZH
odpowiednLRSRF]RQH]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLF\VWDQRZLMHJRXV]W\ZQLHQLHERF]QHL
]DEH]SLHF]DMJRSU]HGZ\ERF]HQLHPZSDV]F]\QLHSRDFLGDFKX
: OHNNLFK GDFKDFK Z Z\QLNX RGG]LD\ZDQLD XQRV]FHJR U\V D FLQLHQLD ZeZQWU]QHJRRGREFLHQLDZLDWUXU\VEDWDNHZSU]\SDGNXNUDWRZQLFSRF]RQ\FKZ
VSRVyEV]W\ZQ\]HVXSDPLU\VFZLFKSDVDFKGROQ\FKZ\VWSXMVL\FLVNDMFHNc,Ed.
: FHOX ]PQLHMV]HQLD GXJRFL Z\ERF]HQLRZHM SDVyZ GROQ\FK ] SDV]F]\]Q\ NUDWRZQLF\
]D]Z\F]DM VWRVXMH VL RGSRZLHGQLH VWHQLD SUWRZH : ZLHOX SU]\SDGNDFK V]W\ZQR
JLWQD EODFK\ IDGRZHM L V]W\ZQR VNUWQD MHM SRF]HQLD ] SDVHP JyUQ\P PRH E\
Z\NRU]\VWDQDZRFHQLHZ\ERF]HQLDFLVNDQHJRSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\]MHMSDV]F]\]Q\
JG\V]W\ZQRVNUWQDXVWURMXRJUDQLF]D jego przemieszczenia boczne.
W pracy omwiono modele i zasady oceny wyboczenia pasw grnych oraz pasw
GROQ\FK]SDV]F]\]Q\NUDWRZQLFZZ\QLNXLFKXV]W\ZQLHQLDERF]QHJRREXGRZGDFKRZ
] EODFK IDGRZ\FK 3U]HGVWDZLRQR SURFHGXU\ REOLF]HQLRZH Z\ERF]HQLD MHGQRJD]LRZ\FK
SDVyZ GROQ\FK ] SDV]F]\]Q\ NUDWRZQLF\ 8Z]JOGQLRQR Z QLFK V]W\ZQR VNUWQ
analizowanego ustroju, ktra ogranicza przemieszczenia boczne pasa dolnego kratownic.

210

Antoni Biegus

5\V3U]\NDG\Z\VWSRZDQLDFLVNDQLDSDVyZGROQ\FKNUDWRZQLFSDVNLFK

2. .DWHJRULHNRQVWUXNF\MQHEODFKIDGRZ\FK
=XZDJLQD]DNDGDQIXQNFMEODFKIDGRZ\FKLXZ]JOGQLDQ\ZREOLF]HQLDFK]DNUHV
ZVSyG]LDDQLD]XVWURMHPQRQ\PZ\UyQLDVLWU]\LFKNODV\NRQVWUXNF\MQH>@.RQVWUXkFMH NWyUH SURMHNWXMH VL XZ]JOGQLDMF XG]LD EODFK IDGRZ\FK Z RFHQLH QRQRFL
i VWDWHF]QRFLFDHJRXVWURMXQRQHJRQSU\JODGDFKRZHJRVXSDUDP\XNDGXSRSU]HFzQHJR]DOLF]DVLGRNODV\NRQVWUXNF\MQHM,-HOLXV]W\ZQLHQLH]EODFKIDGRZ\FKXZ]JOdQLDVLRREOLF]HQLDFKQRQRFLRUD]VWDWHF]QRFLSRMHG\QF]\FKHOHPHQWyZQSSDWZLU\JOL
FLHQQ\FK WR V RQH NODV\ NRQVWUXNF\MQHM ,, .RQVWUXNFMH NWyUH SURMHNWXMH VL SU]\
]DRHQLXHEODFKDIDGRZDSU]HQRVLW\ONR]HZQWU]QHREFLHQLDSRSU]HF]QHL przekazuje
MHQDXNDGNRQVWUXNF\MQ\]DOLF]DVLGRNODV\NRQVWUXNF\MQHM,,,
:NRQVWUXNFMDFKNODV\,L,,EODFKDIDGRZDMHVWQLHW\ONRS\WRVRQRZSU]HQRV]
FREFLHQLDSRSU]HF]QHDOHUyZQLHF]FLVNDGRZJyZQHJRXVWURMXQRQHJRRELHNWX
NWyUD]DSHZQLDMHPXQLH]EGQV]W\ZQRRUD]VWDWHF]QR:W\PWHVHQVLHSRGREQLHMDN
VWHQLDSUWRZHMHVWRQDHOHPHQWHPXVWURMXQRQHJRRELHNWX8V]W\ZQLDMFHXVWUyMQRQ\
]DGDQLH NRQVWUXNF\MQH EODFK IDGRZ\FK QDNDGD RERZL]HN V]F]HJyOQLH VWDUDQQHJR
Z\NRQDZVWZDLFKSRF]H]VWDQ\PLHOHPHQWDPL-DNRLFKZ\NRQDQLDSRGOHJDNRQWUROL
L RGELRURZL WHFKQLF]QHPX >@ SRGREQLH MDN QS ]EURMHQLH Z NRQVWUXNFMDFK HOEHWRZ\FK
3RQDGWRZSURMHNWDFKWDNLFKRELHNWyZSRZLQQ\E\R]QDF]RQHEODFK\IDGRZHNWyUHSHQL
VWDMFH ]DGDQLH NRQVWUXNF\MQH 'RGDWNRZR Z ]UHDOL]RZDQ\FK GDFKDFK PXV]D E\
XPLHV]F]RQHWDEOLFHRVWU]HJDZF]HLQIRUPXMFHR]DND]LHLFKPRGHUQL]DFMLEH]Z\NRQDQLD
ZF]HQLHMV]\FK VSUDZG]H VWDW\F]QR-Z\WU]\PDRFLRZ\FK :HGXJ >@ JUXER FLDQHN
EODFKIDGRZ\FKQLHPRHE\PQLHMV]DQLPP
%ODFKD IDGRZD RGSRZLHGQLR SRF]RQD ] SDVHP JyUQ\P NUDWRZQLF\ SDVNLHM NRnVWUXNFMLNODV\,OXE,,PRHE\XZ]JOGQLRQDZRFHQLHVWDWHF]QRFL]SDV]F]\]Q\XVWURMX
zarwno jej pasw grnych, jak i pasw dolnych [2], [3], [4].

3. 6]W\ZQRSRGSDUFLDERF]QHJRSDVyZJyUQ\FKNUDWRZQLFSaskich
3HQHFLJHVWHQLHERF]QHSDVDJyUQHJRNUDWRZQLF\NWyUHRJUDQLF]DSU]HPLHV]F]eQLDZSDV]F]\QLHSRDFLGDFKXPRQDX]\VND]DSRPRFEODFK\IDGRZHMU\V0XVL
E\RQDSRF]RQDZVSRVyEFLJ\JVW\LFKGROQ\PLIDGDPL]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQiF\:yZF]DVNUSXMHRQDSU]HPLHV]F]HQLDOLQLRZHDWDNHNWRZHSDVDJyUQHJRNUDWRZQiF\ >@ >@ 7R VNUSRZDQLH Z\GDWQLH SRGQRVL QRQR SDVD JyUQHJR ] warunku jego
Z\ERF]HQLD Z SDV]F]\QLH SRDFL GDFKXDWDNH]ZLFKU]HQLDNUDWRZQLF\VNUDFDGXJR
Z\ERF]HQLRZSDVDGROQHJR]SDV]F]\]Q\XVWURMX

Konstrukcje Metalowe Blacha fadowa jako usztywnienie ...

211

5\V6FKHPDWVWHQLDNUDWRZQLF\SDVNLHMGDFKRZWDUF]]EODFK\IDGRZHMDPRGHOIL]\F]Q\
b) model obliczeniowy; 1 F]QLNJyZQ\ F]QLNZ]GXQ\ ZLRJUDQLF]DMFDSU]HPLHV]F]HQLH
boczne pasa grnego kratownicy, 4 ZLRJUDQLF]DMFDVNUFDQLHSDVDJyUQHJRNUDWRZQLF\

6]W\ZQRSRVWDFLRZS SRV]\FLD]EODFK\IDGRZHMSRF]RQHM]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUaWRZQLF\ZGROLQLHNDGHMIDG\SRREXVWURQDFK]DNDGNLL QDREXEU]HJDFKPRQDREOLF]D

[3] ze wzoru:

S = 1000 t 3 50 + 103 broof

) hs

[N]

(1)

3DVJyUQ\NUDWRZQLF\XZDDVL]DVWRQ\ZSDV]F]\QLHSRV]\FLDGDFKX]DEH]SLeF]RQ\SU]HGZ\ERF]HQLHP]SDV]F]\]Q\XVWURMX>@JG\VSHQLRQ\MHVWZDUXQHN

p2
p2
S EIw 2 + GIT + EI z h 2 2

L
4L

70
2
h

(2)

:LX\WRR]QDF]HZJ>@$E\EODFKIDGRZPRQDE\RX]QD]DXV]W\wQLHQLHWDUF]RZHQDOH\MSRF]\ZNDGHMIDG]LH]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLF\2 wadze

JVWRFL W\FK SRF]H Z VWHQLX ZLDGF]\ IDNW H JG\ V RQH Z FR -JLHM IDG]LH WR
zamiast S Z  SU]\MPXMH VL S, WM D -FLR NURWQLH PQLHMV] V]W\ZQR SRVWDFLRZ
SRV]\FLD 3RQDGWR QDOH\ GD F]QLNL Z]GXQH ]V]\ZDMFH ]H VRE VVLHGQLH DUNXV]H
EODFK IDGRZ\FK U\V  ,FK RGOHJR QLH PRH SU]HNUDF]D  Pm. W przypadku
REFLH XQRV]F\FK SRGNDGNL SRG EDPL F]QLNyZ PXV] E\ R odpowiedniej
UHGQLF\DE\QLHZ\VWSRZDR]QLV]F]HQLHEODFK\ZZ\QLNXSU]HFLJDQLDEDF]QLND
:Z\PLDURZDQLXSUWyZNUDWRZQLFDQDOL]XMHVLLFKZ\ERF]HQLHZSDV]F]\QLHRUaz
] SDV]F]\]Q\ XVWURMX 'XJRFL Z\ERF]HQLRZH Z SDV]F]\QLH le,y RUD] ] SDV]F]\]Q\ le,z
SUWyZNUDWRZQLFREOLF]DVL]HZ]RUyZ

ey =

k yl y ,

(3)

ez =

k z lz ,

(4)

gdzie: ky, kz ZVSyF]\QQLNLGXJRFLZ\ERF]HQLRZHMRGSRZLHGQLRZSDV]F]\QLH\RUD]

]SDV]F]\]Q\]NUDWRZQLF\ly RGOHJRPLG]\Z]DPLZSDV]F]HQLHNUDWRZQLF\
lz RGOHJRPLG]\SXQNWDPLQLHSU]HVXZQHJRSRGSDUFLDZSDV]F]\QLHSURVWRSDGHMGR
SDV]F]\]Q\NUDWRZQLF\

212

Antoni Biegus

-HOL]DVWRVRZDQRRGSRZLHGQLHSRF]HQLDEODFK\IDGRZHM]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRwQLF\ L VSHQLRQ\ MHVW ZDUXQHN  WR PRQD SU]\M H MHVW RQ ]DEH]SLHF]RQ\ SU]HG
Z\ERF]HQLHPZSDV]F]\QLHSRDFLGDFKX:yZF]DVZMHJRZ\PLDURZDQLXXZ]JOGQLDVL
W\ONRMHJRZ\ERF]HQLHZSDV]F]\QLHNUDWRZQLF\RUD]]JLQDQLHPLG]\Z]RZH

4. 6]W\ZQRSRGSDUFLDERF]QHJRSDVyZGROQ\FKNUDWRZQLFSaskich
: SU]\SDGNX FLVNDQ\FK SDVyZ GROQ\FK NUDWRZQLF SDVNLFK LFK GXJRFL Z\ERF]eQLRZH]SDV]F]\]Q\XVWURMXle,z V]D]Z\F]DMGXH'ODWHJRZFHOXLFKVNUyFHQLDVWRVXMHVL
RGSRZLHGQLH VWHQLD SUWRZH SR]LRPH Z SDV]F]\QLH SDVyZ GROQ\FK NUDWRZQLF\ OXE
VWHQLD PLHG]\ZL]DURZH >@ 7DNLH SRGHMFLH MHVW VXV]QH JG\ ]DNDGD VL SU]HJXERZH
SRF]HQLH REXGRZ\ GDFKRZHM ] SDVHP JyUQ\P NUDWRZQLF\ SDVNLHM : dachach EH]SaWZLRZ\FK JG\ EODFKD IDGRZD MHVW RGSRZLHGQLR SRF]RQD ] SDVHP JyUQ\P NUDWRZQLF\
SRSU]HF]QDV]W\ZQRVNUWQDXVWURMXRJUDQLF]DSU]HPLHV]F]HQLHERF]QHMHMSDVDGROQHJR
7R VSU\VWH ]DPRFRZDQLH NUDWRZQLF\ Z REXGRZLH GDFKRZHM PRQD XZ]JOGQL Z
oFHQLH Z\ERF]HQLD MHM SDVD GROQHJR ] SDV]F]\]Q\ XVWURMX 3U]\NDG\ WDNLFK SRF]H
EODFK\IDGRZHM]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLF\SRND]DQRQDU\V
:DUXQNLHP ]DVWRVRZDQLD DQDOL]RZDQHJR PRGHOX REOLF]HQLRZHJR RFHQ\ VWDWHF]QRFL
SDVyZ GROQ\FK ] SDV]F]\]Q\ XVWURMX MHVW UyZQLH RGSRZLHGQLD NRQVWUXNFMD NUDWRZQLF
3RF]HQLD LFK SUWyZ Z\NUDWRZDQLD SRZLQQ\ E\ R GRVWDWHF]QHM V]W\ZQRFL JLWQHM RUD]
QRQRFLZSDV]F]\QLHSURVWRSDGHMGRXVWURMX1DSU]\NDGUXURZHNRFyZNLNU]\XOFyZ
L VXSNyZ NUDWRZQLF SRZLQQ\ E\ EH] VSDV]F]H L Z\REOH RUD] FD\P REZRGHP
SU]\VSDZDQH GR SDVyZ ,FK SRF]HQLD ] SDVDPL SRZLQQ\ E\ ]DSURMHNWRZDQH QD SHQ
QRQRF]RQHJRSUWDZ\NUDWRZDQLD>@

5\V3U]\NDG\SRF]HEODFK\IDGRZHM]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLFNWyUHXV]W\ZQLDMLFKFLVNDQH
SDV\GROQHSU]HGZ\ERF]HQLHP]SDV]F]\]Q\XVWURMX7 kratownica, CS EODFKDIDGRZD

:RFHQLH]DFKRZDQLDVLNUDWRZQLF\SU]\MPXMHVLMHMFLJHQLHSU]HVXZQHSRGSDUFLH
Z SDV]F]\QLH SRDFL GDFKX L VSU\VWH SRGSDUFLH ]H Z]JOGX QD REUyW C (rys. 4c).
8SURV]F]HQLH WHJR PRGHOX SROHJD QD ]DVWSLHQLX SRGSDUFLD Z RVL SDVD JyUQHJR SU]HFLZ
VNUFDQLX R VSU\VWRFL C, SRGSDUFLHP OLQLRZ\P SDVD GROQHJR Z NLHUXQNX SURVWRSDG\P
GRSDV]F]\]Q\NUDWRZQLF\RVSU\VWRFLUyZQRZDQHMK U\VGNWyU Z\]QDF]DVL]H
wzoru:

Konstrukcje Metalowe Blacha fadowa jako usztywnienie ...

K=

1
K roof

1
,
1
1
+
+
K con K d

213
(5)

gdzie: Kroof VSU\VWR JLWQD EODFK\ IDGRZHM Kcon VSU\VWR JLWQD SRF]HQLD
EODFK\ IDGRZHM ] SDVHP JyUQ\P NUDWRZQLF\ Kd VSU\VWR JLWQD Z\NUDWRZDQLD
kratownicy.
6SU\VWRFLKroof, Kcon, Kd VREOLF]DQHQDMHGQRVWNGXJRFLSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQiF\ 6FKHPDW\ LFK PRGHOL REOLF]HQLRZ\FK SRND]DQR QD U\V  L  : RFHQLH VWDWHF]QRFL
] SDV]F]\]Q\ NUDWRZQLF\ SDV GROQ\ VZRERGQ\ MHVW WUDNWRZDQ\ MDN FLVNDQ\ SUW QD
VSU\VW\P SRGRX REXVWURQQ\P W]Q SU]\ Z\JLFLX QLH Z\VWSXMH RGU\ZDQLH SUWD RG
SRGRDRVSU\VWRFL]DVWSF]HMK i schemacie pokazanym na rys. 4e.

5\V6FKHPDW\PRGHOXIL]\F]QHJRLPRGHOLREOLF]HQLRZ\FKFLVNDQHJRSDVDGROQHJRVWRQHJRERF]QLH
VSU\VW\PSRF]HQLHPNUDWRZQLF\SDVNLHM]GDFKRZEODFKIDGRZ

5\V6FKHPDW\Z\]QDF]DQLDVSU\VWRFLKroof, Kcon, Kd; 1 kratownica, 2 EODFKDIDGRZD

6SU\VWRJLWQDEODFK\IDGRZHMKroof (rys. 5a) wynosi:

K roof =

1
,
d roof

(6)

gdzie: d roof przePLHV]F]HQLHSR]LRPHSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\RGREFLHQLDMHGQRVWNoZHJRZ\QLNDMFH]HV]W\ZQRFLJLWQHMEODFK\IDGRZHM

0RPHQW ]JLQDMF\ Mroof RUD] NW REURWXq roof Z SRF]HQLX SDVD JyUQHJR ] EODFK
IDGRZRGWHJRREFLHQLDMHGQRVWNRZHJRZ\QRVL

214

Antoni Biegus

roof

= 1 h ,

(7)

M roof lroof

q roof =

2 EI roof

hlroof
2 EI roof

(8)

gdzie: h RGOHJRPLG]\RVLEODFK\IDGRZHMLRVLSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\lroof , Iroof

UR]SLWR SU]VD L PRPHQW EH]ZDGQRFL EODFK\ IDGRZHM E PRGX VSU\VWRFL
SRGXQHMVWDli.
Przemieszczenie poziome pasa dolnego d roof RGREFLHQLDMHGQRVWNRZHJRZ\QRVL

d roof = hq roof =

h 2 lroof
2 EI roof

(9)

3RXZ]JOGQLHQLXZHZ]RU]HVSU\VWRJLWQEODFK\IDGRZHMKroof wynosi:

K roof =

2 EI roof
h2 lroof

(10)

Model obliczeniowy RFHQ\VSU\VWRFLJLWQHMSRF]HQLDEODFK\IDGRZHMKcon poND]DQRQDU\VELREOLF]DVLM]HZ]RUX

K con =

1
,
d con

(11)

gdzie: d con SU]HPLHV]F]HQLH SR]LRPH SDVD GROQHJR RG REFLHQLD MHGQRVWNRZHJR

Z\QLNDMFH]HV]W\ZQRFLSRF]HQLDEODFK\IDGRZHM]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLF\
6SU\VWRSRF]HQLDKcon PD]D]Z\F]DMQDMZLNV]\ZS\ZQDV]W\ZQROLQLRZHJR
SRGSDUFLD VSU\VWHJR K SDVD GROQHJR NUDWRZQLF\ 2GNV]WDFDOQR WHJR SRF]HQLD MHVW
VWRVXQNRZR GXD $E\ X]\VND MHJR Z\VWDUF]DMF V]W\ZQR VWRVXMH VL F]QLNL
XPLHV]F]RQHQDSU]HPLHQQLHU\VDDQLHNLHG\SRZNUW\OXEZVWU]HOLZDQHJZRG]LHZ
NDGHM GROLQLH IDG\ EODFK\ IDGRZHM U\V E 6SU\VWRFL SRF]HQLD Kcon Z\]QDF]D VL
GRZLDGF]DOQLHQXPHU\F]QLHOXEREOLF]DVL ZJRV]DFRZD]DSURSRQRZDQ\FKZ>@
:>@SRGDQR]DVDG\Z\]QDF]DQLDVSU\VWRFLREURWRZHMSRF]HQLDEODFK\IDGRZHM
]EHONSDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLF\CD,ANWyUZ\]QDF]DVL]HZ]RUX

CD , A = C100 kba kt k A kbT ,

ru:

(12)

:X\WRR]QDF]HZJ>@SztyZQRJLWQSRF]HQLDKcon REOLF]DVL]HZ]o-

K con =

CD , A

.
(13)
h2
0RGHOREOLF]HQLRZ\RFHQ\V]W\ZQRFLJLWQHMZ\NUDWRZDQLDVXSNyZLNU]\XOFyZ
kratownicy Kd SRND]DQRQDU\VF6]W\ZQRJLWQDZ\NUDWRZDQLDKd wynosi:

Kd =

1
,
dd

(14)

gdzie: d d SU]HPLHV]F]HQLHSR]LRPHSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\RGREFLHQLDMHGQRVWNRZeJRZ\QLNDMFH]HV]W\ZQRFLJLWQHMSUWyZZ\NUDWRZDQLD
:SU]\SDGNXMHGQDNRZ\FKSUWyZNU]\XOFyZNUDWRZQLF\MDNQDU\VDSU]HPLHVzczenie d d PRQDREOLF]\]HZ]RUX

Konstrukcje Metalowe Blacha fadowa jako usztywnienie ...

dd =

1 l1ld3
,
3EI d

215

(15)

w ktrym: l1 RGOHJRPLG]\Z]HPSDVDJyUQHJRLZ]HPSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\
ld, Id GXJRLPRPHQWEH]ZDGQRFLSU]HNURMXSUWDZ\NUDWRZDQLDU\VF
3RXZ]JOGQLHQLXZ]RU]HV]W\ZQRJLWQDZ\NUDWRZDQLDKd wynosi:

Kd =

3EI d
l1ld3

(16)

5. 1RQRFLVNDQHJRSDVDGROQHJRVWRQHJRERF]QLHVSU\VW\P
zamocowaniem kratownicy w obudowie dachowej
6FKHPDWPRGHOXREOLF]HQLRZHJRFLVNDQHJRSDVDGROQHJRVWRQHJRERF]QLHVSUystym zamocowanie kratownicy w obudowie dachowej pokazano na rys. 4e. W ocenie na
Z\ERF]HQLH ] SDV]F]\]Q\ NUDWRZQLF\ Z]JOGHP RVL z MHVW RQ WUDNWRZDQ\ MDNR SUW
FLVNDQ\QDVSU\VW\PSRGRXREXVWURQQ\PRVSU\VWRFLK.
2EFLHQLH NU\W\F]QH ] SDV]F]\]Q\ NUDWRZQLF\ Z]JOGHP RVL z MHGQRJD]LRZHJR
SDVDGROQHJRVSU\FLHVWRQHJRERF]QLHREOLF]DVL]HZ]RUX

N cr , z = 2 EI z K .

(17)

gdzie: Iz PRPHQWEH]ZDGQRFLSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\Z]JOGHPRVLz.
'XJR Z\ERF]HQLRZ MHGQRJD]LRZHJR FLVNDQHJR SDVD GROQHJR ] SDV]F]\]Q\
NUDWRZQLF\Z\]QDF]DVL]HZ]RUX

lez = p

0, 25 EI z K -1 .

(18)

6. 3U]\NDG
$QDOL]RZDQR SDWHZ NUDWRZ R UR]SLWRFL l   P U\V  -HVW RQD REFLRQD
REOLF]HQLRZ\P RG]LD\ZDQLHP GRFLVNRZ\P FLDU ZDVQ\  REFLHQLH QLHJLHP
p = N1PRUD]XQRV]F\PFLDUZDVQ\VVDQLHZLDWUXs = - 0,33 kN/m2.
:\VRNRNRQVWUXNF\MQDNUDWRZQLF\Z\QRVLh0 PRGOHJR]DPLG]\RVL
EODFK\IDGRZHMLRVLSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\Z\QRVLh = 0,74 m (patrz rys. 3c).
=DVWRVRZDQRWU]\SU]VRZHEODFK\IDGRZH75%DOH[PHWDORJUXERFL
PP]HVWDOL6*'ZXRHQLXSR]\W\ZLUR]SLWRFLSU]VDlroof = 5,0 m. Moment
EH]ZDGQRFLLFKSU]HNURMXZ\QRVLIroof FPP6RQHSRF]RQHZNDGHMIDG]LH
]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLF\ZNUWDPLf PP]SRGNDGNDPLRUHGQLF\d > 16 mm oraz
PLG]\VREFRPPZNUWDPLf 5,5 mm.

5\V6FKHPDWDQDOL]RZDQHMSDWZLNUDWRZHM kratownica, 2 EODFKDIDGRZD

fy

3UW\SDWZLGDQR]UXUZ\NRQDQ\FKQDJRUFR]HVWDOL6RJUDQLF\SODVW\F]QRFL
  03D 3DV JyUQ\ SU]\MWR ] 1201004,0. 3DV GROQ\ SDWZL ]DSURMHNWRZDQR

216

Antoni Biegus

z 100100 &KDUDNWHU\VW\NL JHRPHWU\F]QH MHJR SU]HNURMX Z\QRV] A = 14,95 cm2,

, = 226,0 cm4. 0DNV\PDOQD VL FLVNDMFD Z SDVLH GROQ\P Z\QRVL Nc,Ed = - 66,30 kN.
.U]\XOFH SDWZL R GXJRFL ld = 1,03 m, dano z 50503,0. Charakterystyki geomeWU\F]QHLFKSU]HNURMXZ\QRV]A = 5,54 cm2, Iz = 20,20 cm4.
6]W\ZQRJLWQEODFK\IDGRZHMKroof wynosi:

K roof =

2 EI roof

h 2lroof

2 210 106 65,55 10 -8

0, 742 5, 0

= 100,55 kN/m 2 .

6]W\ZQR REURWRZD SRF]HQLD EODFK\ IDGRZHM ] SDVHP JyUQ\P NUDWRZQLF\ >@

wynosi:

CD , A = C100 kba kt k A kbT = 2, 6 1, 0 1,372 0, 787 1, 0 = 2,81 kNm/m .

si:

6]W\ZQRJLWQSRF]HQLDEODFK\IDGRZHM]SDVHPJyUQ\PNUDWRZQLF\Kcon wyno-

K con =

CD, A
h

2,81
0, 74 2

= 5,13 kN/m 2 .

6]W\ZQRJLWQDZ\NUDWRZDQLDSDWZLKd wynosi:

Kd =

3EI d

l1ld3

3 210 106 20, 20 10-8

3

0, 75 1,03

= 155, 28 kN/m 2 .

6]W\ZQROLQLRZHJRSRGSDUFLDVSU\VWHJRSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\K wynosi:

K=

1
1
=
= 4, 73 kN/m 2 .
1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+
+
K con K d 100,55 5,13 155, 28

1
K roof

2EFLHQLHNU\W\F]QH]SDV]F]\]Q\NUDWRZQLF\SDVDGROQHJRZ\QRVL

N cr , z = 2 EI z K = 2 210 106 226 10-8 4, 73 = 94, 76 kN .

6PXNRZ]JOGQDSDVDGROQHJRNUDWRZQLF\Z\QRVL

l =

A fy
N cr , z

14,95 102 275

94, 76 103

= 2, 08 .

'ODREOLF]RQHMVPXNRFLZ]JOGQHMLSDUDPHWUXLPSHUIHNFMLa SU]\MWRNU]yZ REOLF]HQLRZ D ZVSyF]\QQLN Z\ERF]HQLRZ\ SDVD GROQHJR Z\QRVL c = 0,209.
Obliczeniowa QRQRQDZ\ERF]HQLHSDVDGROQHJR]SDV]F]\]Q\NUDWRZQLF\Z\QRVL

N b , Rd =

c Af y
g

M1

0, 209 14,95 10 2 275

= 85,93 103 N = 85,93 kN .
1, 0

6WRSLHZ\NRU]\VWDQLDQRQRFLFLVNDQHJRSDVDGROQHJRSDWZLNUDWRZHMZ\QRVL

N c, Ed
N b, Rd

66,30
= 0, 772 .
85,93

3DVGROQ\SDWZLNUDWRZHMVSHQLDZ\PDJDQLDVWDQXJUDQLF]QHJRQRQRFL

Konstrukcje Metalowe Blacha fadowa jako usztywnienie ...

217

7. 8ZDJLZQLRVNLNRFRZH
%ODFK\ IDGRZH RGSRZLHGQLR SRF]RQH ] SDVHP JyUQ\P NUDWRZQLF PRJ E\
XZ]JOGQLDQHZRFHQLHVWDWHF]QRFL]SDV]F]\]Q\XVWURMX]DUyZQRLFKSDVyZJyUQ\FKMDN
LSDVyZGROQ\FK3U]\MFLHZREOLF]HQLDFKSRV]\FLDGDchowego jako zabezpieczenie przed
XWUDW VWDWHF]QRFL SDVyZ NUDWRZQLF Z\PDJD V]F]HJyOQLH VWDUDQQHJR Z\NRQDZVWZD
SRF]HEODFK\IDGRZHM]LFKSDVHPJyUQ\PDWDNHPLQNRQWUROLLFKMDNRFL
8V]W\ZQLHQLH ERF]QH WDUF] ] EODFK IDGRZ\FK ]D]Z\F]DM VNXWHFznie zabezpiecza
SDV\ JyUQH NUDWRZQLF SDVNLFK SU]HG LFK Z\ERF]HQLHP Z SDV]F]\QLH SRDFL GDFKX
3RQDGWR Z QLHNWyU\FK SU]\SDGNDFK V]W\ZQR VNUWQD XVWURMX ]RRQHJR ] SRV]\FLD
GDFKRZHJR SRF]RQHJR ] NUDWRZQLF SDVN RJUDQLF]D SU]HPLHV]F]HQLD ERF]QH Mej pasa
GROQHJR :yZF]DV WR VSU\VWH ]DPRFRZDQLH NUDWRZQLF\ ZREXGRZLHGDFKRZHMPRQD
XZ]JOGQLZRFHQLHZ\ERF]HQLDFLVNDQHJRSDVDGROQHJR]SDV]F]\]Q\XVWURMX
=Z\NRQDQ\FKDQDOL]Z\QLNDHQDMZLNV]\ZS\ZQDERF]QHXV]W\ZQLHQLHVWDELOL]acyjne pasyZGROQ\FKNUDWRZQLFPDV]W\ZQRJLWQDSRF]HEODFK\IDGRZHM] ich pasem
JyUQ\P 3RZLQQR VL M Z\]QDF]D GRZLDGF]DOQLH OXE RNUHOD VWRVXMF ]DDZDQVRZDQH
modele numeryczne.

Literatura
1
2
3
4
5

Biegus A. Stalowe budynki halowe. Arkady, Warszawa, 2003.

Brdka -%URQLHZLF]0*LHMRZVNL0.V]WDWRZQLNLJLWH3RUDGQLNSURMHNWDQWD3ROVNLH
Wydawnictwo Techniczne, 2006.
PN-EN 1993-1-(XURNRG3URMHNWRZDQLHNRQVWUXNFMLVWDORZ\FK&]-5HJX\
RJyOQH5HJX\X]XSHQLDMFHGODNRQVWUXNFML]NV]WDWRwnikw i blach profilowanych na zimno.
PKN, Warszawa, 2008.
J. Gozzi, Design of roof trusses, Access-Steel SN027a-EN-EU, www.steel-access.com.
prEN 1090-4 Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures. CEN/TC 135 - N 661.
Brussels, 2013.

Corrugated sheet as a bracing of flat truss chords at their

out-plane buckling
Antoni Biegus
'HSDUWPHQWRI0HWDO6WUXFWXUHV)DFXOW\RI&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ:URFDZ8QLYHUVLW\RI7HFKQRORJ\
email: antoni.biegus@pwr.wroc.pl

Abstract: Corrugated sheet properly connected with the upper chord of the flat truss
can be taken into account in the assessment of the out-plane stability of the upper and
bottom chord as well. The term of lateral bracing by the corrugated roof sheeting in
purlinless truss chords was discussed. The calculation models for assessment of the lateral
supporting of the bottom truss chords a as the flexible restraint in the roof corrugated sheets
were given. The procedures of the assessment of resistance due to out-plane buckling of the
bottom truss chord braced by roof sheeting were presented.
Keywords: flat truss, corrugated sheet, lateral bracing of chord