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DOCUMENT

SCORE

Lit Analysis

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Contextual Spelling

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Lit Analysis
Edgar Allen Poe believes that, 1 "memory [is] replete
with horror- horror more horrible from being vague,
and terror more terrible from ambiguity" (5). Writers
during the time of Dark Romanticism, which occurred
in the mid 19th-century, experimented with different
ways to incorporate a creepy and horrific feeling

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throughout their stories. Dark Romanticism works

usually 2 consist of horrific themes that cover the ideas
of struggles of human nature, surroundings that could
be filled 3 with evil, and horrors of evil lurking in
everyone. Readers can find these horrific elements of
Dark Romanticism in "Berenice" and "Annabel Lee," by
Edgar Allan Poe, and "The Lightning-Rod Man," by
Herman Melville. Throughout the works of Poe and
Melville, Dark Romanticism is present through
symbols, imagery, figurative language, and theme.
Authors of the Dark Romantic time use common
symbols to convey a sense of creepiness and horror.
In "Annabel Lee" the words kingdom, sea, and

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sepulchre 4 are symbolized to create an implied dark

romantic theme. Kingdom and sea are symbols that
signify a large place where the love of the narrator
and his companion exist. The symbol sepulchre 5
creates an allusion to graves and burials, which is a
dark and creepy part of Dark Romanticism. In "The
Lightning Rod 6 Man," the symbol of lightning can be
seen as God's wrath towards earth and all its people,
even if you are good. The lightning-rod man is trying
to sell lightning rods to people during a time when
their fears are at an utmost high. He scams them into
believing they need lightning rods, which are a total
scam anyway 7. Here, Melville shows a common
element of Dark Romanticism: evil is lurking within

Passive voice

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everyone. This symbol of the lightning-rod man is the

most prevalent in the story and shows a creepy
attribution that evil is everywhere in our
surroundings. Also, Dark Romantics are able to 8
reveal these frightening thoughts through the use of
imagery.
Dark Romantic authors take the time to go beyond a
simple description, creating fascinating images with
sensory details. Poe uses vivid detail and imagery in
his story of "Berenice," to convey the disturbing
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atmosphere. For example, he writes, "he pointed to

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the garments; -they were muddy and clotted with

gore" (Poe 6). At this point in the short story, readers
discover that the narrator, who is mentally ill,
unburies his lover and extracts all of her teeth. This
morbid thought and telling way 9 to explain the
extraction displays the disgusting elements of Dark

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Romanticism and how authors use this to create

impressive images for the readers to absorb. Melville
also utilizes this common method in his story, "The
Lightning-Rod Man." In here, he expresses, "with his

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right fore and middle fingers in his left wrist. But ere 10
the words had well escaped me, another exclamation
escaped him" (Melville 3). Melville is displaying traits of
Dark Romanticism as he seems to be implying a
weirdness to the lightning-rod man. Through these
sensual explanations and images, Dark Romantic
authors are able to 11 communicate the truly gloomy
feel of Dark Romanticism. Authors continue to
communicate this through figurative language and
other elements in their pieces.
By analyzing the text deeply, readers can find
figurative language and other devices that help the
piece go beyond its elementary meaning, generating a
deeper, horrific meaning. In "Annabel Lee," the

anyway in formal writing

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repetition of "In a kingdom by the sea" (Poe 2)

establishes an important meaning of it to the reader.
This continued phrase shows the importance of that
fact that the characters are in a lonely place where
only their love can exist, causing an obsessive concept
of Dark Romanticism. In this story, Poe also writes
about "winged seraphs of heaven" (11). While angels
are normally seen 12 as good, Poe twists this and views

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them as evil people that take away Annabel Lee. These

changes in good and evil are a result of the Dark
Romantic thought going around during this time.
Dark Romantics pieces usually have one common
theme-- horror. While most authors stray and make
this theme more complex, all pieces can be connected
through their common theme and tone of horror. This
theme of horror is exceedingly profound in the story
"Berenice." Poe shows this when he says, "dreams a
cry as 14 horror and dismay; and thereunto; after a
pause, succeeded the sound of troubled voices,
intermingled with many low moaning of sorrow or of
pain" (5). 13 Here, the narrator is remembering 15 back
on 16 his terrible time where even the unknown
reached the ultimate terror. Another way Dark
Romantic author try to reveal a fearful theme is
through implicit meaning. Melville shows this in "The
Lightning-Rod Man" when he implies a uneasy 17
feeling throughout the story through phrases like, "he
singularity impelled a closer scrutiny" (1). The story
teaches readers to see evil in everything in their
surrounding, which is one of the most important
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aspects of Dark Romanticism. Authors communicate

an undertone theme of horror and terror, generating
true elements of Dark Romanticism.
"Berenice," "Annabel Lee," and "The Lightning-Rod
Man" all are key examples of Dark Romantic pieces.

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They display essential characteristics of Dark

Romanticism. Fearful symbols, sensual imagery, vivid
figurative language, and horrific themes are are
extremely prevalent throughout the works. All Dark
Romantic authors believe in these eerie aspects of
Dark Romanticism and examine the deeper meaning
to the horrific life that lives in the minds of everyone.
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12

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Passive voice

Wordiness

Possibly confused preposition

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[ Incorrect use of progressive tense ]

Possibly confused preposition

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