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Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com

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KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
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W1,W22-L02-L07 STY
General column design by PROKON.
Design code : CP65 - 1999

Input tables
General design parameters:
Code

X/Radius or
Bar dia. (mm)

Y (mm)
Angle ()

+
3150
360
-2280
-140
-870
-120
+

35

25

235

25

435

25

635

25

835

25

1035

25

1235

25

1435

25

1635

25

1835

25

2035

25

2235

25

2435

25

2635

25

2835

25

3035

25

35

25

35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
165

Sheet

Date

May 2016
C13

(GenCol Ver W2.6.11 - 24 Apr 2014)

Job Number
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Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
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235

25

435

25

635

25

835

25

935

25

1135

25

1335

25

1535

25

1735

25

1935

25

2135

25

2335

25

2535

25

2735

25

2935

25

3135

25

3135

25

Client
Calcs by

KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
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165
165
165
165
325
325
325
325
325
325
325
325
325
325
325
325
165

Design loads:
Load
case

Designation

Ultimate limit state design loads


P (kN)

Mx top (kNm) My top (kNm) Mx bot (kNm) My bot (kNm)

Axial

12000

Axial+Mxx

12000

Axial+Myy

12000

Axial+Mxx+Myy 12000

6000

750

Axial+Mecc

1468

1468

12000

6000
750

Sheet

Date

May 2016

Job Number
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com

Client
Calcs by

KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
Checked by
T&T
T&T

Sheet

Date

May 2016

CP65 - 1999

General design parameters:

Assumptions:
(1) The general conditions of clause 3.8.1 are applicable.
(2) The specified design axial loads include
the self-weight of the column.
(3) The design axial loads are taken constant
over the height of the column.

-1000

X
-2000

-3000

-4000

Given:
Lo = 6.500 m
fcu = 40 MPa
fy = 460 MPa
Ac = 995511 mm

Design approach:
The column is designed using an iterative procedure:
(1) An area of reinforcement is chosen.
(2) The column design charts are constructed.
(3) The corresponding slenderness moments are calculated.
(4) The design axis and design ultimate moment are determined .
(5) The design axial force and moment capacity is checked on
the relevant design chart.
(6) The safety factor is calculated for this load case.
(7) The procedure is repeated for each load case.
(8) The critical load case is identified as the case yielding the lowest
safety factor about the design axis
Through inspection:
Load case 3 (Axial+Myy) is critical.

Check column slenderness:


End fixity and bracing for bending about the Design axis:
At the top end: Condition 2 (partially fixed).
At the bottom end: Condition 2 (partially fixed).
The column is braced.
Effective length factor = 1.00
Effective column height:
le = . Lo
= 1 6.5
= 6.500 m

Column slenderness about weakest axis:

max_s140l =
=

le
h
6.5
.34252

= 18.977

Table 3.21

Job Number
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Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
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ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
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Sheet

Date

May 2016

Where h is an equivalent column depth derived from the radius of gyration*square root of 12

Minimum Moments for Design:


Check for mininum eccentricity:
Check that the eccentricity exceeds the minimum in the plane of bending:
Use emin = 20mm

3.8.2.4

Mmin = emin. N
= .02 12000
= 240.000 kNm

Check if the column is slender:


le/h = 19.0 > 15
The column is slender.

3.8.1.3

Initial moments:
The initial end moments about the X-X axis:
M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm
M2 = Larger initial end moment = 0.0 kNm
The initial moment near mid-height of the column :

3.8.3.2

Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 0 + 0.6 0
= 0.0000100 kNm

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 0
= 0.0000100 kNm

Mi 0.4M2 = 0.0 kNm


The initial end moments about the Y-Y axis:
M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm
M2 = Larger initial end moment = 750.0 kNm
The initial moment near mid-height of the column :
Mi = - 0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= - 0.4 0 + 0.6 750
= 450.000 kNm

3.8.3.2

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ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
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Sheet

Date

May 2016

Mi2 = 0.4 . M2
= 0.4 750
= 300.000 kNm

Mi 0.4M2 = 450.0 kNm

Deflection induced moments:


Design ultimate capacity of section under axial load only:
Nuz = 0.45 . f cu. Ac + 0.87 . f y. Asc
= 0.45 40 995.51 + 0.87 460 16.69
= 24.60103 kN

Maximum allowable stress and strain:


Allowable compression stress in steel
f sc = 0.87 . f y
= 0.87 460
= 400.200 MPa

Allowable tensile stress in steel


f st = 0.87 . f y
= 0.87 460
= 400.200 MPa

Allowable tensile strain in steel

ey =
=

f st
Es
400.2
205000

= 0.0020

Allowable compressive strain in concrete


ec = 0.0035

For bending about the weakest axis:


Weakest axis lies at an angle of -91.31 to the X-X axis
Overall dimension perpendicular to weakest axis h = 343mm

3.8.3.1

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K=
=

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Sheet

Date

May 2016

Nuz - N
Nuz - Nbal
2460104 - 1200104
2460104 - 1142104

= 0.9560

a =
=

1 .
max_sl 2
2000
1
18.977 2
2000

= 0.1801

Where max_sl is the maximum slenderness ratio of the column as an equivalent rectangular column.
Therefore:
Madd = N. a. K . h
= 12000 .18006 .95616 .34252
= 707.644 kNm

Maddx = Madd*cos(-91.31) = 19.4 kNm


Maddy = Madd*sin(-91.31) = 851.0 kNm

Design ultimate load and moment:


Design axial load:
Pu = 12000.0 kN
Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis

5.8.9 2)

For bending about the X-X axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of:
(a)

3.8.3.2

Mtop = Mt +
=0 +

3.8.3.2

Madd
2

19.448
2

= 9.724 kNm

(b)

3.8.3.2
Mmid = Mi + Madd
= 0 + 19.448
= 19.448 kNm

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KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
Checked by
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Date

(c)

May 2016
3.8.3.2

Mbot = Mb +
=0 +

Madd
2

19.448
2

= 9.724 kNm
(d)

3.8.3.2
M = eminx. N
= .02 12000
= 240.000 kNm

Thus

3.8.3.2
M = 240.0 kNm

Moments about X-X axis( kNm)

Mx=19.4 kNm
Mxmin=240.0 kNm

Mxadd/2=9.7 kNm

Mxadd=-19.4 kNm

Mxtop=0.0 kNm

Mxbot=0.0 kNm

Mxadd/2=9.7 kNm

Initial

Additional

Design

Moments as a result of imperfections added about Design axis

5.8.9 2)

For bending about the Y-Y axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of:
(a)

3.8.3.2

Mtop = Mt +

3.8.3.2

Madd
2

= 750 +

850.99
2

= 1 175.495 kNm

(b)

3.8.3.2

Job Number
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
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Sheet

KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
Checked by
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T&T

Date

May 2016

Mmid = Mi + Madd
= 450 + 850.99
= 1 300.990 kNm
(c)

3.8.3.2

Mbot = Mb +
=0 +

Madd
2

850.99
2

= 425.495 kNm

(d)

3.8.3.2
M = eminy. N
= .02 12000
= 240.000 kNm

Thus

3.8.3.2
M = 1301.0 kNm

Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm)

Mybot=0.0 kNm
Initial

My=1301.0 kNm
Mymin=216.0 kNm

Myadd/2=425.5 kNm
Myadd=-851.0 kNm

Mytop=750.0 kNm

Myadd/2=425.5 kNm
Additional

Design

Job Number
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com

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Sheet

KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
Checked by
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T&T

Date

Design of column section for ULS:


The column is checked for applied moment about the design axis.
Through inspection: the critical section lies near mid-height of the column.
The design axis for the critical load case 3 lies at an angle of 89.14 to the X-axis
The safety factor for the critical load case 3 is 1.12
For bending about the design axis:

Moment max = 1599 kNm @ 10E3kN

Interaction Diagram
22E3
20E3
18E3
16E3
14E3
12000 kN

Axial load (kN)

12E3
10E3
8000

-2000
-4000
-6000
Bending moment (kNm)

Moment distribution along the height of the column for bending about the design axis:
The final design moments were calculated as the vector sum of the X- and Y- moments
of the critical load case. This also determined the design axis direction
At the top, Mx = 1175.5 kNm
Near mid-height, Mx = 1301.1 kNm
At the bottom, Mx = 425.6 kNm

1800

1600

1400

1200
1301 kNm

1000

800

600

400

200

0.00

-200

-400

-600

-800

-1000

-1200

2000

-1400

4000

-1600

6000

May 2016

Job Number
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com

Client
Calcs by

Sheet

KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
Checked by
T&T
T&T

Date

May 2016

Stresses near mid-height of the column for the critical load case 3

CP65 - 1999

YD

0
-1000

89.1
X X
-2000
-3000
-4000

Y
D

Summary of design calculations:


Design table for critical load case:
Moments and Reinforcement for LC 3:Axial+Myy
Middle

Bottom

Madd-x

Top
(kNm) 9.7

-19.4

-9.7

Madd-y

(kNm) 425.5

-851.0

-425.5

Mx

(kNm) 9.7

19.4

9.7

My

(kNm) 1175.5

1301.0

425.5

Mmin

(kNm) 216.0

216.0

216.0

M-design (kNm) 1175.5

1301.1

425.6

Design axis ()

89.53

89.14

268.69

Safety factor

1.17

1.12

1.59

16690

16690

1.65 %

1.65 %

3982

3982

Asc

(mm) 16690

Percentage
AsNom

1.65 %

(mm) 3982

Critical load case: LC 3

Design results for all load cases:


Load case

Axis

N (kN)

Load case 1
Axial

X-X
Y-Y

12000.0

M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design


0.0
0.0

0.0
0.0

0.0
0.0

-19.4
-851.0

Middle

M (kNm) M' (kNm)


19.4
851.0

851.2

Safety
factor
1.396

Job Number
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Internet: http://www.prokon.com
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Client
Calcs by

Sheet

KTP/20/13
ECHELON@Alexandra View
Ms KTP Consultants Pte Ltd
Checked by
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Safety
factor

Axis

N (kN)

Load case 2
Axial+Mxx

X-X
Y-Y

12000.0

0.0
0.0

6000.0
0.0

3600.0
0.0

9.7
425.5

Top

6009.7
851.0

6024.8

1.387

Load case 3
Axial+Myy

X-X
Y-Y

12000.0

0.0
0.0

0.0
750.0

0.0
450.0

-19.4
-851.0

Middle

19.4
1301.0

1301.1

1.118

Load case 4
X-X
Axial+Mxx+Myy Y-Y

12000.0

0.0
0.0

6000.0
750.0

3600.0
450.0

-19.4
-851.0

Middle

6009.7
1301.0

3846.2

1.590

Load case 5
Axial+Mecc

12000.0

0.0
0.0

1468.0
1468.0

880.8
880.8

-19.4
-851.0

Middle

1477.7
1893.5

1951.8

1.594

Load case 3 (Axial+Myy) is critical.

M (kNm) M' (kNm)

May 2016

Load case

X-X
Y-Y

M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design

Date

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