BISHOFTU

Oromiya, Ethiopia.

FOUNDATION DESIGN
ASSIGNMENT
Defense University; Collage of Engineering

Foundation Design Assignment

Group members
No.
1
2
3
4

Name
Zenebe Kebede
Mastewal Bitew
Bantu Elly
Amanuel Mulugeta

GROUP 3

Id

Foundation Design Assignment

Reason for deciding on the spread footing

According to the general soil profile it was decided that since the top sand soil has a reasonable
depth of 5.3m, then shallow foundation should be chosen however the presence of clay as a
middle layer may have the effect on top sand soil there is need of pressure distribution.

The column spacing of minimum 3.5m and 4.5m is too wide for which
may add on extra cost of concrete in case of combined footing
therefore using isolated footing proved to be economical.

According to the foundation plan each column has its own dead and
live load so there is a need to consider each column separately so as to
minimize on the effect of settlement hence adopting isolated footing in
order to analyze individual column separately.
Spread footing distributes the load to the maximum area.

It minimizes differential settlement.

GROUP 3

Foundation Design Assignment

I.
Assumption Design of footing
1. Using Tarzaghi Equation
Qu = c Nc + D Nq + 0.5 B N
qult =c N c +0.5 B N + q N q
lets take an assumption depthwidth determine the bearing capacity
B=D f =1.0 m
The Values for

N c , N N q

are taken from Terzaghis table below

N c =37.16
N =22.46
N q=19.3

GROUP 3

Foundation Design Assignment

Table .Terzaghi ' sBearing CapacityFactorsN , , N 4Nr
q= D f
qult =( 037.16 )+ ( 17.5122.46 ) +(0.517.5119.13)
KN
m2

qult =560.44

Assume factor of safety=3

q net allowable=
186.81

qultimate
560.44
=
Safety Factor
3

KN
m2

2. Calculating Minimum Depth

2
qnet allowable
1sin
D min =

; where=300
dry
1+sin

][

1sin30
=0.333
1+sin 30

Therefore
186.81
D min =
0.3332
17.5

1.18 m 1.2m

II.
Designing of footing of each column
A. For Column Number 2
B. For Column Number 6
C. For Column Number 10
III.
Design procedure
A. For Column Number 2
(a) Determining Dimension according to Bearing
capacity
-

Dimentions=60 60
Assuming a square footing

GROUP 3

Foundation Design Assignment

q net allowable=

Load ( unfactored )
;
Area

where Area=B2
Unfactored load =1150 KN

186.81=

1150
=2.48
B2

B 2.5 m
By the above calculation our assumed width is changed form 1.0 m to 2.5 m,
therefore using the new data and the minimum depth value we can calculate
the bearing capacity

qult =( 037.16 )+ ( 17.51.222.46 ) + ( 0.417.52.519.13 )

806.44

KN
m2

Now lets find the new allowable net Load

q net allowable=
268.8

qultimate
806.44
=
Safety Factor
3

KN
m2

We need to check the Maximum stress on the soil. Its calculated as follows
max =

Qu
A

where Qu=factored load

A= Area of fooing

GROUP 3

Foundation Design Assignment

Qu=1.6+1.3 DL

i. Factored Load

Qu=1.6 ( 350 ) +1.3 ( 800 )=1600 KN

ii.
A=2.52.5=6.25 m2
max =

Area of footing

1600
KN
=256 2
6.25
m
Since max <q net allowable
thenour design isOk ! It satisfies the requirement of bearing capacity
(b) Calculating for Thickness of Footing using Punching
shear ( Two way)
i.
Acting Shear force ( V act )

V act =P (0.6+d ) max

V act =1600 256
V act =1507.84307.2d 256 d 2 equ . (1)
ii.

resistance Shear force (

V res )

V act =4 V p
Where
V p=0.5 f ctd [1+50 e ]
f ctd=

0.35 f ck 0.35 30
=
=1.278 kpa
1.5
1.5

e =0.005
Therefore;
V p=0.51278[1+500.005]
798.76
Inserting all the Variables in the resisting formula we get

GROUP 3

Foundation Design Assignment

V act =4 [ 0.6 d+ d 2 ) 76
1917.02d +3195.04 d 2 equ .(2)
equ . ( 1 )=equ (2)

3451.04 d 2+2224.22 d157.84=0

Solving for d we get
d=0.41 0.4

1600KN

256

(c)
ing Reinforcement

GROUP 3

KN
m2

Calculat

Foundation Design Assignment

[ ]

Moment M =256

0.952
2=231.04
2

M xx=M yy =231.04 KN .m
c
D=0.4=400 mm ; 16 mm =30 mm
c

Assuming

d=400308=362mm

A s=

M
231.04106
2
=
=2312.44 mm
f y jd 3000.92362
2

a s=

(16)
2
=201.66 mm
4

Number of bars

Actual

S=

Spacing

2312.44
=11.5 12 bars
2016.06

(16)212
As=
=2412.74 mm2
4

1000as 1000201.06
=
=83.33 80 mm
As
2412.74

Provide 12 bars of

c
16 mm =80 mm
c

for x-direction

Reinforcement for Y-Y direction

2

a s=

(14)
2
=153.94 mm
4

Number of bars

Spacing

S=

2312.44
=15.0001 15 bars
153.94

1000as 1000153.94
=
=66.66 65 mm
As
2312.44

provide 15 bars of 14 mm @ 65 mm c /cthe ydirection

GROUP 3

Foundation Design Assignment

B. For Column Number 6

(a)
Determining Dimension according to Bearing
capacity
Dimentions=80 80

Assuming a square footing

Load ( unfactored )
q net allowable=
;
Area
where Area=B2
unfactored load=1350 KN
186.81=

1350
=2.68
2
B

B 2.7 m

By the above calculation our assumed width is changed form 1.0 m to

2.5 m, therefore using the new data and the minimum depth value we
can calculate the bearing capacity
qult =( 037.16 )+ ( 17.51.222.46 ) + ( 0.417.52.719.13 )
833.22

KN
m2

Now lets find the new allowable net Load

q net allowable=
277.74

GROUP 3

qultimate
833.22
=
Safety Factor
3

KN
m2
9

Foundation Design Assignment

We need to check the Maximum stress on the soil. Its calculated as follows
max =

Qu
A

where Qu=factored load

A= Area of fooing
i. Factored Load

Qu=1.6+1.3 DL

Qu=1.6 ( 350 ) +1.3 ( 1000 )=1860 KN

ii. Area of footing
2
A=2.72.7=7.25 m
max =

1860
KN
=255.14 2
7.25
m
Since max <q net allowable
thenour design isOk ! It satisfies the requirement of bearing capacity

(b)
Calculating for Thickness of Footing using Punching
shear ( Two way)
i.
Acting Shear force ( V act )
V act =P (0.8+d ) max
V act =1860 255.14
V act =1696.7408.2 d255.14 d 2 equ .(1)
iii.

resistance Shear force (

V res )

V act =4 V p
Where
V p=0.5 f ctd [1+50 e ]

GROUP 3

10

Foundation Design Assignment

f ctd=

0.35 f ck 0.35 30
=
=1.278 kpa
1.5
1.5

e =0.005
Therefore;
V p=0.51278[1+500.005]
798.76

Inserting all the Variables in the resisting formula we get

V act =4 [ 0.6 d+ d 2 ) 76
1860KN
2

2556.03 d+ 3195.04 d equ. (2)

equ . ( 1 )=equ (2)
3450.18 d 2 +2964.23 d1696.7=0
Solving for d we get

d=0.4 m

GROUP 3

255

KN
m2

11

Foundation Design Assignment

(C)
ing Reinforcement

Calculat

[ ]

Moment M =255

0.952
2=236.26
2

M xx=M yy =236.26 KN . m
Assuming

c
D=0.4=400 mm ; 16 mm =30 mm
c
d=400308=362mm

M
236.26106
2
A s=
=
=2364.68 mm
f y jd 3000.92362
2

a s=

(16)
2
=201.66 mm
4

GROUP 3

12

Foundation Design Assignment

Number of bars
As=

Actual

Spacing

2364.68
=11.76 12 bars
201.06

(16)212
=2412.74 mm2
4

S=

1000as 1000201.06
=
=83.33 80 mm
As
2412.74

Provide 12 bars of

c
16 mm =80 mm
c

for x-direction

Reinforcement for Y-Y direction

2

(14)
2
a s=
=153.94 mm
4

Number of bars

2364.68
=15.36 16 bars
153.94

Area provided =

Actual

Spacing

S=

1614 2
=2463.3
4

1000as 1000153.94
=
=62.5 60 mm
As
2463.3

provide 15 bars of 16 mm @60 mm c/c the ydirection

C. For Column Number 10
(a) Determining Dimension according to Bearing capacity
Dimentions=60 60
Assuming a square footing
Load ( unfactored )
q net allowable=
;
Area
2

where Area=B

GROUP 3

13

Foundation Design Assignment

unfactored load=1150 KN
186.81=

1150
=2.48
B2

B 2.5 m

By the above calculation our assumed width is changed form 1.0 m to

2.5 m, therefore using the new data and the minimum depth value we
can calculate the bearing capacity
qult =( 037.16 )+ ( 17.51.222.46 ) + ( 0.417.52.519.13 )
806.44

KN
2
m

Now lets find the new allowable net Load

q net allowable=
268.8

qultimate
806.44
=
Safety Factor
3

KN
m2

We need to check the Maximum stress on the soil. Its calculated as

follows
max =

Qu
A

where Qu=factored load

A= Area of fooing
1) Factored Load
Qu=1.6+1.3 DL
Qu=1.6 ( 900 )+1.3 ( 250 ) =1750 KN
2) Area of footing
A=2.52.5=6.25 m2
GROUP 3

14

Foundation Design Assignment

max =

1750
KN
=278.4 2
6.25
m
Since max <q net allowable
thenour design isOk ! It satisfies the requirement of bearing capacity

(b) Calculating for Thickness of Footing using Punching

shear ( Two way)
i. Acting Shear force ( V act )
V act =P (0.6+d ) max
V act =1740[ 0.36+ 1.2 d+ d2 ) 278.4
V act =1572334.08 d278.4 d 2 equ .(1)
ii. Resisting Shear force( V res
V act =4 V p
Where

V p=0.5 f ctd [1+50 e ]

f ctd=

0.35 f ck 0.35 30
=
=1.278 kpa
1.5
1.5

e =0.005
Therefore;
V p=0.51278[1+500.005]
798.76
Inserting all the Variables in the resisting formula we get
V act =4 [ 0.6 d+d 2 ) 798.76

GROUP 3

15

Foundation Design Assignment

1917.02d +3195.04 d 2 equ .(2)
equ . ( 1 )=equ (2)

3451.04 d 2+2224.22 d157.84=0

Solving for d we get
d=0.42 0.4
1750KN

KN
278.4 m2

(C)
ing Reinforcement

Calculat

[ ]

Moment M =278.4

0.952
2=233.89
2

M xx=M yy =233.89 KN . m

GROUP 3

16

Foundation Design Assignment

Assuming

c
D=0.4=400 mm ; 16 mm =30 mm
c
d=400308=362mm

A s=

M
233.8910
=
=2340.97 mm2
f y jd 3000.92362

(16)2
a s=
=201.66 mm 2
4
Number of bars

2340.97
=11.5 12 bars
201.06

Actual

Spacing

As=

(16) 12
2
=2412.74 mm
4

S=

1000as 1000201.06
=
=83.33 80 mm
As
2412.74

Provide 12 bars of

c
16 mm =80 mm
c

for x-direction

Reinforcement for Y-Y direction

a s=

(14)2
=153.94 mm2
4

Number of bars

Spacing

S=

2340.09
=15.21 15 bars
153.94

1000as 1000153.94
=
=66.66 65 mm
As
2412.74

provide 15 bars of 14 mm @ 65 mm c /cthe ydirection

GROUP 3

17

Foundation Design Assignment

IV. Detailing of each footing

A. Column 2

B. Column 6

GROUP 3

18

Foundation Design Assignment

C. Column 10

Summary of results
Reinforcement Data
Footing Data
Colu
mn

Width

Dept
h

Thickne
ss

2.5

1.2

0.4

2.7

1.2

10

2.5

1.2

GROUP 3

Main Bars

No. of
bar

Spacin
g

16

12

80

0.4

16

15

0.4

16

12

Secondary bars

No. of
bar

Spacing

14

15

65

60

16

12

80

80

14

15

65

19