CMBUk 1

esckIepIm
1>1 TidPaBTUeTA
EpeQICadMNaMhUbEpEdlmansarsMxa
n;cMeBaHmnusS
stV
nigsgmCatiTaMgmUl.
vaCaRbPB
pl;nUvsarFatuciBawmepSgdUcCa
GgFatuEr:
GgFatusrIrag
EdlCaGgFatucaM)ac;rbs;mnusSkgdMe
NIrbNr rUbFaturbs;mnusS Ecm suCa
2001.
dMNaMsVayCaRbePTdMNaMEdlmanGa
yuEvgCagdMNaMhUbEpmYycMnYneTot
ehIyvaGacpl;plmYy
dg
rW
BIrdgkgmYyqaMeTAtamrdUvkal
nigBUCrbs;va.
sVayCadMNaMhUbEpmYykgcMeNamd
MNaMcMnYn
25muxenA
tMbn;RtUBic
EdlmansarsMxan;ya:gxaMgkgvisyB
aNiCkm b:ul vNara: 1992. EpsVay
RtUv)aneKcat;TukfaCaEpeQImYyEdlCaC
MerIsdlbMputrbs;BiPBelak
BIeRBaHvamanBNKYreGaycab; GarmN_
rsCatiqaj;
nigmantMlsarFatuciBawmlbMput (Mitra,
1997).
1

TnwmnwgenaH
sVaykCaRbePTEpeQIEdlgayxUcpgEdr.
sVayRtUv)anRbmUlplenAeBlEdlva
manlkNeBjvyeBjelj
cas;sBV
EdlmanvaynPaBrwgl.
enAkgcMkarEdlTTYl)aneCaKCy
karRbmYlplEpsVay
KWeFVIenAdMNak;kalEdlPaBeBjvyrbs;va
smRsb
ehIymankarykcitTukdak;eTA
elIkareFVIcMNat;fak;
EbgEckKuNPaBeTAtamtMrUvkarTIpSarEdl
CadMeNIrkarsMxan;bMput.
ktaepSgdUcCa
karkMNt;kMriteBjvyrbs;EpsVayEdlRtUv
RbmUlpl
viFIsasnkarRbmUlpl
karGnuvtn_enAkMLgeBl
dwkCBan
sItuNPaB
nigviFIsasnkarbnM)ankMNt;nUvkar
rIkcMerInrbs;KuNPaBsVayTMu
Biesskin
rsCati nigGnamyrbs;EpsVay. TIpSar
KWGaRsyeTAelIKuNPaBnEpsVay.
kareRbIviFIsasRbmUlplxusKWCa
mUlehtuneRKaHfak; nigkarrbYsCaeRcIn
dl;EpsVayEdlvaCamUlehtudcMbgnkar
syrlYyrbs;Ep
sVay.
EpsVayRtUvEteFVIkarRtYtBiniteGay)an
RtwmRtUvedIm,IbegInGayukalrbs;va ( Bal,
1997).
2

EpsVayEdltUvrbYs
bCaM
KW)an)at;bg;KuNPaB
ehtuenHvaminmanlkNsmRsbsRmab;
bBaneTAkan;TIpSarqayenaHeT.
karvayEpsVayTMlak;
bkGgYnedImxaMgedIm,IeGayvaF
ak;mkenaHRtUvEt
bBab;.
EpeQIRtUvEtebHedayRbugRbyt
edayRbePT]bkrN_Biess
ehIyrkSaTukenAkgfg;RkNat;
bkEBagEdlmanRTnab;
rYcykvaeTAkEngevcxb; (Bal, 1997).
1>2 mUlehtunkarsikSa
sVayEkvcin
CaBUCsVaymYyRbePTEdlmankinRbGUbQ
y
ehIyBUCenHRtUv)aneKniymcUlcitkg
karbriePaKy:agxaMg
nigCaBUCsVayEdlmantMlCagBUCsVayd
TeTotkgtMbn;CaeRcInnRbeTskm<Ca
ehIyRbCaCnniymbriePaKvaenAeBlTuM.
enARbeTskm<CabeckviC
ankarRbmUlplenAmankMritTabenA eLIy
KWeRcIneFVItamEbbburaN.
EpsVaymYycMnYn
RtUv)anRbmUlpledayvay
bKb;TMlak;edIm,IeGay EpsVayFak;mk
3

EdlCaehtubNal[vamanrbYs
bCaM.
edaysarenARbeTskm<CaminTan;mankar
sikSa
eGay)anc,as;las;BIPaBxUcxatrbs;EpsVay
EdlRtUvrbYsenHenAeLIy.
edIm,IcUlrYmviPaKTankgkar
RsavRCavelIkarxUcxat
brbYs
nigedIm,IeGaykarRbmUlplEpsVayRbkbed
ayTinpl
nigKuNPaBx<s;
RbFanbTmYysIGMBI
{\TiBlnkarTMlak;eTAelIKuNPaBeRkayeBl
RbmUlplsVayEkvcin}
RtUv)anelIk
ykmksikSakgeKalbMNgrYmedIm,IvaytM
leTAelIKuNPaBkgkMLgeBlskTukenA
sItuNPaBFmta.
1>3 eKalbMNgnkarsikSa
eKalbMNgCak;lak;nkarsikSaenHKW
sikSaeTAelIbMErbMrYlKuNPaBrbs;EpsVay
EkvcinenAkgryeBlskTukenAsItuNPa
Bbnb;
eRbobeFobGayukalskTukEpsVayEdlTMl
ak; nigEpsVayEdlminTMlak;
eRbobeFobPaBxUcxatrbs;EpsVayEdleyIg
TMlak;enAkMritkMBs;xusKa
4

1>4 TMhMnkarsikSa
karBiesaFn_enHeFVIeLIgtamEbbsib,ni
mitedIm,IvaytMleTAelI kar)at;bg;TMgn;
GRtaGgFatu
rlaysrub
(Total
Soluble
Solids)
GRtaGasuIt(Total
Titratable
Acidity)
sNannbMrYlbMrYlpeRkA
sNannbMErbMrYlsac;sVay
bMErbMrYllkNTaMgmUl
nigGayukalskTukrbs;EpsVay.
karBiesaFn_enH
eFVIedayminviPaKeTAelIRbePTdIEdlTMlak;
nigkarb:HTgicEdlekItmantictYcenAeBldw
kCBansVaymkkan; mnIrBiesaFn_eT.

CMBUk 2
sMeyaKbNalysas
2>1 lkNTUeTArbs;dMNaMsVay
2>1>1 Rbvti nigedImkMeNIt
dMNaMsVaysitkgRKYsar

Anacardiaceae

.
dMNaMsVaymanRbPBenARbeTs
\Na
tMbn;\NensuI
nigPUma
EdlduHlUtlas;edaykgenAkgRBRbeTs
\Na
CaBiessenAtMbn;kUnPM
kgPaK\sanRbeTs\Na.
bnab;mkdMNaMenH)anduHlUtlas;raldale
nARbeTs\Na
RBmTaMgmanGayukallUtlas;Gs;ryeBlCag 4>000 qaMehIy.
TinplCamFmkgmYyqaMman
7/5
etan
elIpdICit
mYylanhikta.
dMNaMenHRtUv)aneKnaMykeTAdaMenAR
Kb;RbeTsntMbn;RtUBic
nigtMbn;dTeTotCaeRcIn.
dMNaMsVayRtUv)aneKnaMmkBIRbeTs\N
aenAstvtSTI 4 nigstvtSTI 10 eTAkan;RbeTs
Malaya nigbNa
RbeTs Asian rYmmanRbeTsf
sigbUrI \NensuI ma:eLsuI PUma.
CnCati
Persians
)annaMeTAkan;
tMbn;eqrsmuRTxagekIt. CnCati Portuguese )
annaMdMNaMenHeTAkan;tMbn;GaRBicxa
glic tMbn;xageCIg nig xagt,gGaemrik
(Mangifera

Indica)

ehIy)annaMykeTAdaMenARbeTs
Brazil
enAedImstvtSTI
18.
enAGUsalI
dMNaMsVay
RtUv)aneKnaMcUlenAkgqaM
1870
ehIyRtUv)aneKnaMeTAkgtMbn;.
dMNaMsVayRtUv)aneKnaMBIRbeTs)araMg
eTAdaMenAtMbn;
Mauritius
nigedayCnCatiGg;eKsenAqaM 1782.
edayELk
dMNaMsVayenARbeTskm<CaRtUv)aneKn
aMmkBIRbeTs\Na taMgEtBIyUryaNas;mk
ehIy
nig)andaMesIrRKb;TIkEngEdlmanmnusS
rs;enAelIpdIRbmaNCa 5>800 hikta.
enARbeTskm<Ca
kardaMduHdMNaMsVaymanlkNCacMkar
BitR)akdenAbNaextmYycMnYndUcCa
ext)at;dMbg kMBg;qaMg kMBg;cam
kMBg;FM
kMBt
kNal
CaedIm
nigkardaMduHCalkNRKYsar
eKsegteXIjmanenAtambrievNpH
sMEbgtaMgBICnbTrhUtdl;TIRkug
b:ul
vNara: 1992.
2>1>2
BUCsVayEdlmanenARbeTskm<Ca

dMNaMsVaysitenAkgsNan
Anacardia
EdlmaneQaHviTasas Mangifera indica nigman
eQaHCaPasa)araMgfa Arbre demango mangie.
- BUCsVayEkvcin
CaRbePTBUCEdlmanEpragRTEvgsac;BN
elOgRBElt mansrstic
tYc
nigmankinRbGUb
cMeBaHBUCenHeKniymbriePaK
niglk;)anfBUC
RbePTenHcab;ecjpaenAExmkra
nigTuMenAEx emsa.
BUCsVayk,aldMrI
EpmanragmUlknl
nigmanRKab;FMecjpaenAExmkra
nigTuMenAExemsa.
- BUCsVayBuMEsn
EpmanragsMEb:t
knyEpmanragxubbnic sac;BNRkhm
belOg
enAeBlTuM.
sVayBUCenHecjpaenAExmkra
nigTuMenAExmina bemsa.
- BUCsVaylt
EpragmUlRTEvgFMCagBUCnana
eKeRbIR)as;EtEpcas;Etb:ueNaH eK
minTukvaeGayTuMeT
vaecjpaenAExmkra ehIyRbmUlplenAEx
emsa.
8

BUCsVayxisdgExg
CaBUCEdlmanEpragsckMe)a:g
mansrstic manrsCatiEpm sMbUr
Twkdm
ecjpaenAExmkra
nigTuMenAExemsa.
BUCsVayEkvRkhm
CaBUCsVayEdlmanrUbragdUcsVayEkvcinE
dr. b:uEnxusKaRtg;sVay
EkvRkhmmansac;BNRkhm
vaecjpaenAExmkra nigRbmUlpl
enAExemsa.
BUCsVayEkvsarI
CaBUCsVayEdlmanEpragxIkMe)a:gman
sac;BNs mansrstictYc
karecjpaRbRBwteTAenAExtula
ehIykarRbmUlplenAExkum.
eRkABIBUCEdl)anerobrab;xagelI
eKksegteXIjmanBUCsVaydsnwksna
b;
eRkABIBUCEdl)an
erobrab;xagelI
eKkenAsegteXIjmanBUCsVaydsnwks
nab;eTotpgEdr
dUcCaBUCsVayEkvlg
sVayEkv saLI sVayEkvykS sVayEkvremot
sVayPkdMrI
sVayxis
nigBBYksVayfmYycMnYneTotdUcCa
BUCsVay exovsaevIy Gukr:gfg NaMdkm:
eTB can;dara: 2003.
9

2>1>3
plitkmdMNaMsVayenAtambNaRbeTsenA
elIBiPBelak nigenARbeTskm<Ca
tamkarRsavRCavbgajfa
naeBlbcb,nenHdMNaMBiPBelakelIkElg
EttMbn;EdlmanGakasFatu minGMeNaypl
dUcCarbbTwkePgtictYc
sItuNPaB
sMeNIm
BnWdIsRmab;kardaMduHlUtlas;rbs;dMNa
M sVay.
dMNaMsVayCaRbePTdMNaMEdlGacduHlUt
las;EppaenAkgtMbn;RtUBik.
eKsegteXIj
manenA
bNaRbeTsmYycMnYnenAelIBiPBelakdUcC
a
RbeTs\Na
pdIdaMduHdMNaMsVaylatsnwgCit
1
lanhikta RbeTs)a:KIsan bg;kaeds 6210
hikta
ebokm:anI
ma:eLsuI
RbeTscinPaKxagt,g tva:n;man 15 Ban;
hikta
hVIlIBIn
41
280
hikta
\NensuImanpdIdaMduH 77 390 hikta
Gaemrik GUsalI GuIRsaEGl lIbg; Lav
evotNam f manpdIdaMduH 163 490
hikta.
enARbeTskm<CadMNaMsVay)anray)a:ye
10

nAtambNaextmYycMnYndUcCa
enAext)at;dMbgCaext
mYyEdlsm,rdMNaMsVayCagextnanak
gRbeTskm<Ca
ehIydMNaM)anRKbdNb;elIpdICit
3400hikta.
extkMBg;cam
Caextsm,rdMNaMsVayEdrbnab;BIext)
at;dMbg
EdllatsnwgelIpdIRbmaNCa
800 hikta. extkMBt kNal kMBg;qaMg
kMBg;FM
TaMg
4
enHmanpdIdMNaMsVaycMnYn
400
hikta kgext nImYy eTB can;dara:
2003.
taragTI
1
plitkmdMNaMsVayenAelIBiPBelak
nigenARbeTskm<Ca
eQaHRbeTs
pdIdaMduH
hicta
hVIlIBIn
41 280
fLg;
193 490
\NensuI
77 390
\Na
1 000 000
RsIlga
9 310
km<Ca
)at;dMbg
3 400
kMBg;cam
800
kMBg;qaM
400
g
200
11

kMBg;FM
200
kNal
200
kMBt
RbPB b:ul vNra: 1992
2>1>4
kMritGaCIvkmenAtambNaqaM
nigRbeTsEdlCaplitkrdMNaMsVaysMxan;
tamGgkarmbGaharBiPBelak)anbgajf
a plitkmdMNaMsVayelIBiPBelakenAqaM
1975
man
1
2314
000
etan.
dUcKaenHEdr
eKkt;smal;eXIjfa
kgkareFVIGaCIvkmplitplEpsVaykgB
iPB
elaksitkgcMNat;fak;TI
5
nplitplpeQIsrub.
plitkmdMNaMsVayelIBiPBelakkgqaM
1961-1965 man 11 237 000 etan qaM
1973 man 12 118 000 etan qaM 1975
man
12
314
000
etan.
tMbn;EdleFVIplitkmdMNaMsVayFMman
- enATIVbGasuI
\Na 700 000
etan )a:KIsan 600 000 etan fLg; 600
000 etan bg;kaeds 301
000 etan hVIlIBIn 194 000
etan.
enATVIbGaemrikxagt,g
RbeTseRbsuIl 618 000 etan kULMb
12

112 000 etan eveN

sUeGLa 84 000 etan eb:rU 71 000
etan.
- enATVIbGaemrikkNal
miucsuic
360 000 etan hayTI 278 000 etan.
- enATVIbGaRBic
RbeTseGsuIb
80 000 etan saFarNrddUmInIEkn 71 000
etan.
edayELkenARbeTskm<Ca
tamsitirbs;GgkarmbGaharenAqaM
1975
)annaMplitplEpsVay
eTAlk;enATIpSarGnrCati)an 19 000 etan.
sBVfsVayenARbeTskm<CaKWRKan;Ete
RbIR)as;kgRsuk
BuM)anlk;eRkARbeTseLIy
RbCaCnExrBuMsUvykcitTukdak;elIkarda
MduHdMNaMsVay
ehIyplitplEpsVay
EdleRbIR)as;kgRsuksBVfenH
KWCaplitplEdlTTYl)anBIedImsVayEdl
eKdaMBImunmk eTB can;dara: 2003.
taragTI 2
plitkmdMNaMsVayelIBiPBelakmunqa
M 1975
eQaHRbeTs
plitkm etan
GaRBic
4 000
GaRBicxagt,g
80 000
13

-eGsuIb
4 000
-haNa
14 000
-ma:LavI
25 000
-mUsMbic
27 000
-esenhal
60 000
-sUdg;
Gaemrikxage
30 000
CIg kNal
143 000
-Kuy)a
278 000
-dUbnic
360 000
-hTI
-muicsic
2 000
Gaemrikxagt, 618 000
g
112 000
-Gasg;Tin
71 000
-eRbsuIl
-kULMb
19 000
-eb:rU
301 000
GasuI
62 000
-km<Ca
8 700 000
-bg;kaeds
1 000
-cin
1 000
-\Na
9 000
-GuIRsaEGl
600 000
-Lav
194 000
-ma:eLsuI
-)a:KIsan
-hVIlIBIn
14

RbPB b:ul vNara: 1992

2>1>5 sarFatusMxan;kgEpsVay
sac;rbs;sVaypkeTAedayCatiTwk
KysuIt GamIdug sr EsluyLs buibTIn
GasuIttanIn
lIBIt
RbUetGuIn
eGEs
nigGgFatuEr:epSgeTot.
ma:geTot
sac;sVaypkeTAedayvItamIn
CaeRcInpgEdr CaBiessKW vItamIn A nig C.
tmGaharrbs;va
KWeyageTAtamlkNCatisr
nigvItamInrbs;va.
GamIdug)anbMElgeTACasrenAeBldMNak;
kalEpTuM
ehIyvaksitenAkgEpTuMtictYcEdr.
smasFatuKImI
EdlmanenAkgEp)anbgajenAkgtara
gxageRkam
taragTI 3 bnSMsmasFatuKImI
nigtmCIvCatinEpsVay
smasFatu
tmmFm PaKry
EpxI
EpTuM
Twk
90
86/1
0/7
0/6
RbUetGuIn
0/1
0/1
lIBIt
8/8
11/8
15

KysuIt
srs
sarFatuEr:
kal;sm
Edk
pUsVr
vitaminGa
rIbUparIn
sSamIn
vitamin
es

0/4
0/1
4/5 mg/g
0/2
150 U.I
0/03 mg/100g
3 mg/100g
39

1/1
0/3
0/1
0/3 mg/100g
0/2
4>800 U.I
0/05 mg/100g
0/04 mg/100g
13 mg/100g
0/3 mg/100g
50-60

GasuItnIkUTI
nic
tmkal;LrI
kg 100g
RbPB b:ul vNara: 1992
2>1>6 sarsMxan; nigkareRbIR)as;
sVaymanTaMgsarFatuciBawm
nigtmCasf
RBmTaMgsm,reTAedayvItamIn A nig C.
eRkABI RTg;RTay nigrUbragKYreGayTak;Taj
16

rsCatiqaj;
nigkinRkGUbKYreGaycg;briePaKrbs;va
sVayTMusm,r
eTAedaysarFatuciBawmEdlGaceFVIeGay
mankMlaMgxaMg
sarFatubMb:n
faMbBaHkarTl;lamk nig Diuretic.
RKb;Epkrbs;sVaycab;BIbs
dl;cugedImKWGaceRbIR)as;)anTaMgGs;.
enAdMNak;kalepSgnkar
lUtlas;rbs;EpsVay
KWGaceRbIR)as;)aneRcInya:g
(Bal,
1997).
EpsVayRtUv)aneRbIR)as;plitpl
Rss;
dUcCa
EpTuMsRmab;eFVIbEgm
EpxIsRmab;hUbCamYyTwkRtIsr
sRmab;eFVIjaMu
nigeFVIRCk;
ehIyEpsVay
kGaceRbIR)as;CaplitplEkc)anEdrdUcC
a TwkEpeQI dMNab; emSAsVay b:ul
vNara:
1992.
RKab;
sVayeRkABIsRmab;bNH
vakGaceFVICacMNIsRmab;bsustVFMEdr
.
enAkgsac;RKab;sVaysm,reTAeday
kabUnGuIRdat kal;sm nigsarFatuxaj;
(fat)

EdlGaceRbIR)as;CaRbPBGaharsRmab;CaR
beyaCn_rbs;
]sSahkm.
dUecHsVayKWCaEpeQIEtmYyKt;Edlman
KuNPaBKYrCaTIeBjcitRKb;ya:g
17

EdlsmRsbeTA tamtMrUvkarnBiPBelak
1997).

18

(Bal,

2>2 karRbmUlplEpsVay
2>2>1 kMriteBjvysRmab;RbmUlpl
kMriteBjvy
KWCadMNak;kalnkarrIklUtlas;eBjeljneka
sikarbs;EpeQI
Edlbnab;mkeTot
vanwgTuMtamFmta.
dMNak;kalnkMriteBjvy
KWCaryeBlRbmUlplEdlman\TiBleTAelIGa
yukal skTuk nigKuNPaBrbs;EpsVay.
enAeBleyIgkgdMNak;kal
rWvyEdlsVayxI
vaeFVIeGaysVayTuMminesI ehIyGRta sr

GasuIt
nigrsCatiminRKb;RKan;.
ma:geTotebIeyIgRbmUlplTuMeBk
vagaynwgrg
karbMpajBImIRkubeFVIeGayxUcsrIrviTa
ehIyGayukalskTukRtUvkat;bny.
dUecHkarRbmUlplenA
dMNak;kaleBjvyRtwmRtUv
KWCakarsMxan;Nas;edIm,IsRmYldl;karTu
MeBjelj
kardwkCBanqay
nig
skTuk)anryeBlEvgbMput.
kMriteBjvyEpeQITak;TgeTAnwglkN
rUbCaeRcIndUcCa
BNsMbk
RTg;RTay
TMhM
shoulder
growth
nigTMgn;Cak;lak;
RBmTaMglkNKImIdUcCa soluble solids contents, total
titratable
acidity,
starch,
smasFatu Phenolic nig Carotenoids.
CaTUeTAeKRbmUlplEpsVayenAeBlminTan
19

;TuMenAeLIy KWenAkMLgeBl 12 eTA 16

s)ah_bnab;BIecjEp
GaRsyeTAtamBUC. sVay Dashehari EdlRbmUl
plenAfTI
85
nwgTTYl)annUvkMritTMusmRsbCamYynw
gGayukalskTukx<s; ebIRbmUlpl elIsBI
95 f GacnwgmankarrukranBIBBYkpSit
(fungal)
ehIymanGayukalskTukTab
nig
qab;xUcrlYy.
dMNak;kalRbmUlplEpsVaysmRsbRtUv
)anvinicytamviFIeRcInya:g.
enAtMbn;xH eKvinicy enAeBlEdlsVay
1 b 2 TuMenAelIedIm bFak;mkelIdI.
lkNEdlRsTab;emSAs
niglkNBN
bsamGuc
enAelIsMbk
kCasBaadsMxan;rbs;kMriteBjvyEdr
. CrEdlecjBITgsVaycas; KWxab;xaMg
nigqab;st.
karvinicykMriteBjvyedayBwgEpk
eTAelIkarviPaKlkNKImI
blkNrUb
KWlCagkarsegtemIl
edayEPk.
karviPaK)anbgajfa
kMriteBjvysmRsbKWman Total soluble solids 12-15 Brix
sMBaF
1/75-2
KILRkamkgmYysg;TIEm:Rtkaer
nigTMnajCak;lak;
1/01-1/02
ehIykRtUv)anBicarNaeTAelI
karrIklUtlas;EpkrUbsasrbs;EpsVaypg
20
o

Edr
(Kurup
et
al,
1967).
cMENkkarBiesaFn_mYyeTot)an
bgajfa
kMriteBjvyEdlsmRsbrbs;sVay
Arumanis
sRmab;eRbIR)as;
KWRtUvRbmUlplenA
s)ah_TI 13 eTA 14 bnab;BIvaecjEp
EdlvamanbrimaNGasuItsrub
0/18-0/22
PaKry pH 4/8 GRta
BNsac;
6-6/5
Binx<s;bMput 7 nigBinrbs;rsCati 5
EdlCaBinx<s;bMput.
dUecHedIm,ITTYl)ankMrit
eBjvy
EdllbMputKWRtUvqgkat;karviPaKeTAelIl
kNTaMgGs;xagelI.
2>2>2 viFIsaRsRbmUlpl
CaTUeTAsVaypSaMcab;epImeGayplca
b;BIqaMTI 4 dl;TI 6 bnab;BIdaM
RbePTmYycMnYndUcCa Dusehari qab;eGaypl
KWenAqaMTI
3
bqaMTI
4.
sVaypSaMbnEprhUtdl;
50
qaM
b:uEnqaMEdleGaypleRcInbMput
KWcab;BIqaMTI
10
dl;TI
40.
enAkMLgeBlpl
sVayEdlEfTaM)anlenAqaMTI 10 dl;TI 20
TTYl)anEpBI
500
eTA
1000
Ep.
enAkMLgqaMTI
20
dl;TI
40
vapl;TinplBI 1000 eTA 3000 Ep.
edImsVay
21

daMedayRKab;cab;epImeGayplenAqaM
TI
8
b:uEnGayukalpl;plrbs;va
KWmanryeBlEvgxaMgNas;.
edIm
sVayGayu
100
qaM
PaKeRcInKWenAEtpl;pleRcInenAeLIy
(Bal,
1997).
karRbmUlplEpsVaymYycMnYn
RtUv)aneFVIeLIgedayebHnwgdpal;
beFVIkarGRgYnEmkedIm,IeGay
EpsVayFak;mk
EdlenHCamUlehtueFVIeGayEpsVayRtUvr
bYs
ehIycMeBaHkareLIgedImsVayenHpal;
kCa
eRKaHfak;pgEdr
TaMgmnusS
nigedImsVay.
CaTUeTAeKRbmUlplEpsVayedayeQIEvg
EdlenAxagcugeQI
manP
ab;eday]bkrN_kat;pac;TgsVaymYy
nigfg;mYy (Salunkhe, 1995).
EpsVayEdl)at;bg;eRkayRbmUlpl
RtUv)aneK)a:n;RbmaNfamanRbEhlCa 2540
PaKry.
EpsVayEdlrbYsnwgERbkayCaCaMexA
enAkMLgeBlskTuk
naMeGay)at;bg;esaPNPaB nigKuNPaB
elIs
BIenHeTAeTot
va)anpl;nUvkasdlsRmab;BBYkmIRku
bcUlrukraneFVI[EpsVaysyrlYy (Salunkhe, 1995).
22

EpsVayRtUvRbmUlpledayTukTgRbEvgBI
8-10 mIlIEm:Rt eRBaHvaminsUvecjCr
ehIyGRtadMNk
degImTabbMput.
ebIebHminmanTg
vaeFVIeGayecjCreRcInRsk;eTAelIEpsVa
y
EdlCamUlehtueFVIeGay
)
at;bg;esaPNPaB
niggaysyrlYy.
eBlevlasRmab;RbmUlpl
KWKYreFVIenAeBlRBwkRBlwm edIm,Ikat;
bnykarecjCr.
EpsVayEdlebHrYcRtUvTukenAkgmb;
eCosvagkarb:Hpal;CamYynwgBnWRBH
GaTit (Salunkhe, 1995).
2>2>3
kareFVIcMNat;fak;
nigkarerobcMevcxb;EpsVay
kareFVIcMNat;fak;EpsVay
KWCakareRCIserIsedIm,IbBaleTAtamRk
umEdlmanKuNPaBepSgKa
ehIyvaCadMeNIrkardsMxan;kgkarTTYl
eCaKCyelITIpSarsVay (Kurup et al, 1967).
EpsVayEdlman
rbYs
TuMRCul
bKuNPaBGn;fyRtUvykecjenAeBleRCIserIs.
kareFVIcMNat;fak;
KWRtUvEbgEckeTAtam
TMhM
TMgn;
bkMriteBjvyrbs;E;psVay.
kEBagmYycMnYnmanRbehagragCarg
23

Vg; EdlmanGgt;pit 8/0 7/5 nig 7/0

sg;TIEm:RtKWRtUv)anykmkeRbIR)as;edIm
,IEbgEckEpsVay.
cMENkkarEbgEckedayEpkelI
TMgn;mandUcxageRkam
lMdab;TI1
EpsVaymanTMgn;elIsBI 320 Rkam
- lMdab;TI2 EpsVaymanTMgn;BI
270-320 Rkam
- lMdab;TI3 EpsVaymanTMgn;BI
200-270 Rkam (Bal, 1997)
eTaHCaya:gkeday
karEbgEckeTAtamkMriteBjvy
KWlRbesIrCagkarbBaneTATIpSarqay
Edlva
pl;nUvEpsVayEdlmanKuNPaBl
nigkMritTMusmRsbenAkMLgeBldwkCBa
neTAdl;TIpSar.
karevcxb;dRtwmRtUv
KWCatRmUvkardcaM)ac;mYy.
CaTUeTAenARbeTs\Na
eKerobcMevcxb;EpsVay
edaykERBagbsSI
edaysargayrkehIytmefak
b:uEnkarevcxb;EbbenHKwminsmRsbeT
eRBaHeFVIeGay
EpsVayTuMminesI
rYjxaMg
rbYs
(Salunkhe,
1995).l.
karevcxb;edayEkseQIEdlmanxl;ecjcUl )
24

anpl;nUvEpsVayEdlTuMesI
nigmanKuNPaBlRbesIr
EtRtUvmanRTnab;dak;enAkgEks.
EpsVaynImYy
RtUvruMedayRkdasTn;esIg RkdaskaEst
bRkdasFmta
ehIyEpsVayRtUveFVIkarsMGatmuneBlevc
xb; (Bal, 1997).
2>3
lkNsrIrsasrbs;EpsVayeRkayRbmUlpl
2>3>1 dMeNIrkarbnM
CaTUeTA
EpsVayRtUv)anRbmUlplenAdMNak;kaleBj
vyxagsrIrsas
ehIyRtUvbnM
edIm,ITTYl
KuNPaBsmRsb.
EpsVaymanlkNTuMmineTogTat;eT
EdlGaRsyeTAtamBUC
niglkxNbrisan KW RtUvkarryeBlBI
6-14
f
edIm,IbnMenAeRkamlkxNbnb;
(Salunkhe,
1995).
sVayKWCaEpeQIRbePT climacteric
ehtuenHehIyvaTTYlrgnUvkarbegIneGTIEL
n (autocatalytic) CamYynwgkarbMEbksarFatu carotenoid
enAkgsMbk
bMElgCaBN
begIndMNkdegIm
nigeFVIeGayEpkan;EtTn;eTA (Mitra, 1997).
25

karpas;brCacMbgEdlekIteLIgenAkML
geBlbnM KWkarbMEbksarFatuemSA (Starch)
eTACasr
nigbrimaNGasuIt)anfycuHCabnbnab;.
PaBrwgrbs;EpsVay)an)at;bnicmg
enAkgdMeNIrkarbnM
eday
eK)anrkeXIjfa
sMBaFsac;sVay
Dashehari
)
anfycuHBI 4,4 eTA 0,3 kPa EdlekIiteLIgedaysar
pectin
polymer
)
anbnrsm<ndrwgmaMenAkgCBa
aMgekasika
(cell
wall)
ehIyCBa
aMgekasika)anRsay
EdlTak;TgnwgGuIRdUlIsn gelatos-containing polysaccharides.
RbUetGuInEdlminrlay)anfycuH
EtekIneLIgRbUetGuInrlayenAkgeBlbn
M.
cMENkbrimaN
carotenoid
k)anekIneLIgEdr ehIy -carotene manRbEhl 3
PaK
5
n
carotenoids
srubEdlmanenAkgEpsVayTuM.
smasFatukin
mankarekIneLIg
edaysarvtmann C -aldehydes (hexanal nig trans-2-hexanal)
(Salunkhe, 1995).
6

26

2>3>2 dMNkdegIm
dMeNIrkaremtabUlIscMbgEdlekItmanenAk
gEpsVayeRkayRbmUlpl
b
plitplrukCatiepSg eTot KWdMNkdegIm
(Soksan,
2003).
GRtadMNkdegImRtUv)anvas;Evgedaykar
vivtn_n]snkabUnic
mIlIRkamkgmYyKILRkamnEpsVayk
gmYyema:g.
karRtYtBinitGRtadMNkdegIm[mankMritT
abbMput
CabBaacMbgedIm,IrkSa)anesaPNPaB
nigKuNPaBEpsVayeGayenA)anyUr.
ktaEdlman\TiBleTAelI
GRtadMNkdegImenAkgkMLgeBlevcx
b;
skTuk
nigdwkCBa
nmandUcxageRkam
- BUC
CaTUeTA
BUCNaEdlqab;TuM
manGRtadMNkdegImx<s;CagBUCEdlyUr
TMu.
- ktadaMduH
edImNaEdlTTYl)anCIsrIragticCagCIGsrIra
g enaHEpvanwgmanGRta
dkdegImx<s;
nigKuNPaBrkSaTukTab.
karpl;
Nitrogen
27

eRcIneTAkg
dI)anbegInGRtadMNkdegImnEpsVay
ehtuenHeFVIeGayGayukal
skTukvaxI.
- sItuNPaB
sItuNPaBkan;Etx<s;
eFVIeGayGRtadkdegImkan;EtekIneLIg.
- GayuEpsVay
GayuEpsVay
CasBaaryeBlEdl)ankngputeTAbnab;BI
RbmUlpl
ehIyRtUv)anEbgEckCaGayukalmuneBls
kTuk eBlskTuk nig
eRkayeBlskTuk.
GRtadMNkdegImenAkgGayukalmuneB
lskTuk
TabbMputnwgTTYl)anGayukalskTuk
nigeRkayskTukx<s;bMputEdr.
- brimaNxl;
brimaNxl;ecjcUlRtwmRtUv)andkecjnUvk
MedA nigsMeNImEdlekIt
eLIgenAeBldkdegIm.
va)anpl;PaBRtCak;Edl)ankat;bnyGRta
dkdegIm.
28

\TiBlnmIRkub
enAeBlEdls,:rbs;mIRkubeRcIn
va)ancMlgcUleTAkgEpsVay eday
sars,:enaHbegItGg;suIm
eFVIeGaysMbkminrwgmaM
eFVIeGays,:GacRCab
cUl)anedaygay.
bnab;BIRCabcUl
va)anbMEbkxny:agqab;rhs
ehIy)anbegIns,:pkenAkgbriyakasns
Mbkevcxb; bkEngskTuk
rYcratt,ateTAelIEpsVayEdll.
s,:TaMgenHk)anbegInGRtadkdegIm
rbs;EpsVayEdr
ehIy)anbegInbMlas;br
emtabUlIsnkarbnM. kar
pliteGTIELnedays,:rbs;BBYkpSit
eFVIeGaysVayqab;TuM nig gay
rlYy.
rbYsedayemkanic
enAkEngrbYs)anbegInnUvGRtadkdegI
m ehIygaynwgBBYkmIRkubetag
Cab;Nas; (Kurup et al, 1967).
2>3>3 karpliteGTIELn
eGTIELnCasarFatumYykgcMeNamsarFat
29

uehIrdTeTot
EdlPayecjBIEpsVay
ehIyva)anCMruj
kMritTMurbs;EpsVayeTotpg
ehtuenHehIyvaedIrtYnaTIdsMxan;sRma
b;GayukaleRkayRbmUlplEpsVay (Eskin, 1990).
karekIneLIgdl;kMBUlndMNkdegImenAk
gkMLgeBlbnM
KWRsbKanwgkarvivtn_
eGTIELn
EdleKsntfa
maneGTIELn
8,08ppm
enAeBlcab;epImekIneLIgnUvdMNkdegI
m (Salunkhe, 1995). eGTIELnRtUv)aneKTTYlsal;fa
CaGrmU:nrukCatiEdleFVIeGaycab;epI
mdl;dMeNIrkarbnM
kdUcCa
RtYtBinitkarlUtlas;rukCati karrIklUtlas;
nigkarbnM
(Eskin,
1990).
karpliteGTIELn)anfycuH
enAeBlEpsVayeBjvy
bnab;mk)an)at;bg;mYyryeBl
ehIyekIteLIgmgeTotenAeBlbnM. Burg and Burg
1962 )anbgajfa karekIneLIgneGTIELn
KWenAeBl
bmuneBlekIteLIgkarplit]snkabUnic Et
Biale
and
Young
(1981)
)
anrYmbBalEpsVayeTAkgcMeNamE
peQI
EdlkarekIneLIgeGTIELnenA
bnab;BIkarekIneLIgkarplit]snkabUnic.
karpliteGTIELn
edayekasikaEpsVaymankMritx<s;bMput
30

enAeBldMNak;kalcab;epImTuMrbs;EpsV
ay.
cMnYneGTIELnEdlmantictYcenAeBlRbmUl
pl
KWlm
RKb;RKan;edIm,Icab;epImbnMehIy.
karpliteGTIELncab;epImenAmuneBlEdlEp
sVayTuMeBjelj.
cMeBaH
sVay
Carabao
karpliteGTIELnmankMritx<s;bMputenAeBl
110f bnab;BIecjpa ehIy)anfycuHenA
eBlEdlsVayxitCitdl;kMriteBjvyeBjelj (Mitra,
1997).
2>3>4 emtabUlIsnkabUGuIRdat
enAkMLgeBlbnMmankarekIneLIgnUvGuI
RdUlIssarFatuemS:A (Starch) edaybegItCasr.
GuIRdUlIs
nRKab;emS:AtUcenAkgkr:U)as
)
anbnrhUtdl;TuM. Glucose, fructose nig sucrose Ca
monosaccharides

EdlmankMhab;eRcInRbEhlKaenAkgsVa
yTuM Edl Sucrose maneRcInCageKbMput.
enAkgsVayTuMBUC keitt man Sucrose 57PaKry
fructose
28 PaKry nig glucose 15 PaKry.
r)aykarN_CaeRcInbgajfa Sucrose fructose nig glucose
ekIneLIgdMNalKaenAeBlbnM
b:uEn
Vazquez-Salinas
nig
Lakshminarayana
(1985)
)
ansegteTAelIsVayBUC Haden, Irwin, kent nig keitt
31

enA
Florida
eXIjfa
Glucose
nig
fructose
)
anfycuHbnicmg
ehIy
Sucrose
)
anekIneLIgrhUt enAkMLgeBlbnM.
GuIRdUlIsnsarFatuemS:A
nigkarbegItsr
Pab;edayskmPaBn
amylase. skmPaBx<s;n Sucrose synthetase nig invertase
enAkgsac;sVaykgkMLgeBlbnM
KWCasBaan emtabUlIs skmPaB Sucrose.
Pyruvate )anbMElgeTACa hexose nig hexose phosphates eday
gluconeogenesis.
skmPaB
glucose-6-phosphatase
)
anekIneLIgdl;dMNak;kalEpTuM
3PaK4
cMENkskmPaB
fructose-6-phosphatase
)
anekIneLIgcab;BIdMNak;kalTuM
3PaK4
rhUtdl;EpTuMeBjelj. skmPaB glycolytic enzyme
hexokinase

KWmanEtenAdMNak;kalTuMEtb:ueNaH.
skmPaB
phosphofructokinase
mankMritx<s;
bMputenAdMNak;kalTuM. skmPaB pyruvate
kinase
)anekIneLIgdl;dMNak;kalTuM 3PaK4
rYcehIycab;epImfycuHmkvijrhUtdl;eBlTu
M (Mitra, 1997).
2>3>5 GasuItsrIrag
GasuItsrIrag)anfycuH
RsbCamYynwgkarekIneLIgkMritTuMrbs;Ep
eQI.
brimaNGasuItsrIragman
eRcInbMputenAeBlEdllUtlas;enAelIedIm
bu:Enva)anfycuHenAeBlskTuk
EdlGaRsyeTAelIsItuNPaB CacMbg (Eskin,
32

.
GasuItcMbgbMputenAkgEpsVay
KWGasuItsuIRTic
rYmTaMgGasuItcMbgepSg eTot dUcCa
glycolic, malic, tartaric, oxalic, succinic nig pyruvic. CaTUeTAkMrit
citrate
nig
succinate
)
ankat;bnyenAkMLgeBlbnM. kMritn
malic
hydrogenase
nig succinic dehydrogenase )anekIneLIg
CamYynwgkarcab;epImTuM.
cMENkkMrit
citrate
synthase
)
anekIneLIgrhUtdl;eBjvy
b:uEn)anfycuHenA
eBlbnM.
skmPaBGg;suIm
malic
)
anekIneLIgenAkMLgeBlbnM
EdlmankMritx<s;bMputenAeBlTuMeBj elj
(climacteric
peak)
bnab;mkeTotva)anfycuHmkvij
(Mitra, 1997).
1990)

2>3>6 sarFatuBN
karpas;brBNsMbkrbs;EpsVay
KWERbBIBNbtgcas;eTACaBNbtg-elOg
(Olive-Green)
CYnkalRkhmRsKaM
elOgcas;
belOgxI (Mitra, 1997). karpas;brenH )
anekIteLIgPamCamYynwg
karekIneLIgnUvdMNkdegIm
rUmTaMgkarpas;brnUvrcnasm<nrb
s;EpsVay (Eskin, 1990). kr:U)asenAkg
sMbk)anbMElgeTACakr:U)asEdlmanBN
Rkhm
nigelOg.
33

BUCmYycMnYn)anbegIt[manBNRkhmRs
KaM
edaysarkarbegIt
anthocyanins
nigmYycMnYneTotenAsl;BNbtgxH.
cMeBaHsVay
keitt
)an)at;bg;
brimaNkr:UPIlenAkgsMbk
bnab;BIEpcab;epImTn;. brimaN Carotenoids
enAkgsVay
Tommy
Atkins
)
anekIneLIgCamYynwgkarfycuHrbs; anthocyanins.
brimaN
Carotenoid
enAkgsac;sVayTuMmanPaB
xusKaeTAtamBUC
ehIyRbePT
Carotenoid
kmanbrimaNxusKaEdr
b:uEnkarBiesaFn_PaKeRcInbgajfa
brimaN -Carotene manCag 50 PaKry nbrimaN
Carotenoids srub. brimaN geranial nig mevalonic acid (MVA)
mankarekIneLIgdMNalKanwgkarekIneLIg
brimaN Carotenoid EdlenAkgsVay Alphonso
enAkgsVayxImankMhab; geraniol BI 0.5 eTA
3.0 mol nig MVA 0.0 eTA 0.5 mol rhUt dl;eBlsVayTuM
vaekIneLIgdl; 5 eTA 10 mol nig 1 eTA 5 mol.
EpsVayEdlskTukenAsutuNPaBTab
minGacsMeyaK
Carotenoid
)
aneRcIndUcskenAsItuNPaBbnb;enaH
eT. b:uEnEpsVayEdlRClk;TwkekA (5255
GgSares) ryeBl
5-10
naTI
)
anbegInBNTaMgsac; nigsMbksVay (Mitra,
1997).
2>3>7 sarFatupSMrbs;CBaaMgekasika
34

enAkgdMeNIrkarbnMrbs;EpsVay)ank
at;bnynUvPaBrwgrbs;va
eFVI[Epkan;EtTn;eTA
EdlkMNt;
eLIgedaykarrMlay
Pectin
rbs;CBa
aMgekasika. kareFVIeGayekasikaTn;enH
KWcab;epImenAkgekasika
mesocarp
xagkgEdlEk,rRKab;
ehIy)anraldaleTAxageRkA. karrMlay pectin
enAkgekasika
mesocarp
xagkg
)
ancab;epImeRcInCagekasika
mesocarp
xageRkA.
Gg;suIm
Poly
galacturonase
)
anbMEbksm<nBI
1-4
rbs;GasuIt
galacturonic. Pectinesterase (PE) CakatalIkrbMEbkeGEsrn
Rkum
methyl
BIGasuIt
Pectin
)
anrkeXIjenAkgsVayTuM
kdUcCaBYk
Hydrolase nCBaaMgekasikaepSgeTot Edr KW
cellulose, galactosidase, galactanase nig xylanase. enAkgsVay Keitt
Polysaccharides

rlaykgTwk)anekIneLIgenAkMLgeBlbn
M
b:uEn
Pectin
Edlrlaykg)as
nigrlaykgTwk)anfycuH Pectin rlaykg
ammonium
oxalate
)anekIneLIg
CaehtueFVIeGaysVay)at;bg;nUvPaBrwg
ehIykan;Et Tn;eTA.
enAkgsVay
keitt
nig
Tommy
Atkins
srEdlNWtrbs;CBaaMgekasika)anfycuH
enAeBlTuM CaBiessKW arabinosyl, rhamnosyl nig galactosyl.
35

b:uEn skmPaB polygalacturonase mankar ekIneLIg

ehIymU:elKulCaeRcInnCBaaMgekasika
hemicellulose
)anfycuHEdr.
kar)at;bg;srNWt
GacmanlTPaB GuIRdUlIs galactans nig arabinogalactans
eday -galactosidase EdlmanskmPaB galactanase.
skmPaB
-galactosidase
)
anbgajedayRsbKaCamYykarekIneLIgnU
vPaBTn;rbs; ekasika enAkMLgeBlbnM
ehIyEdlvamanTMnak;TMngya:gCitsitrvag
-galactosidase
PaBTn;rbs;
ekasika
nigkarekIneLIgnUvkarrMlay
Pectin
EdleKsntfa
-galactosidase
)
anedIrtYnaTIya:gsMxan;
enAkgkarbMElg
Pectin
rbs;CBa
aMgekasika
nigkarbnn;EpsVayenAkMMLgeBlbnM
.
RbRBwtkmeRkay
RbmUlplepSg
dUcCa modified-atmosphere packaging nig modified-atmosphere coating
kdUcCakarskTukenAsItuNPaBTab)an
BnWtkarbnn;
nigBnWtTaMgskmPaB
galactosidase nig polygalacturonase (Mitra, 1997).
2>3>8 smasFatuehIr
kinrbs;EpeQI
begIteLIgedaykarsMeyaKsarFatuehIr
enAkMLgeBlbnM dUcCa aldehydes, alcohols, esters,
lactones
nigsmasFatu
Sulfur.
sarFatuehIrsRmab;begItkinmanRbPBmk
36

BI
RbUetGuIn
nigvitamIn (Eskin, 1990).

kabUnGuIRdat

Monoterpene

lIBIt
hydrocarbons

mansarsMxan;Nas;sRmab;rsCatiEpsVay
rYmTaMg
lactones
nig
fatty
acids
mYycMnYneTotpgEdr. sVay Kensington man
Monoterpene
hydrocarbon
RbEhl
49
PaKry
nEpsarFatuehIrsrub X-terpinolene 26 PaKry
nigeGEsr 16 RbePT cMnYn 33 PaKry.
sItuNPaBskTuk
man\TiBleTAelIkarpas;brsmasFatu lipid
rbs;sac;sVay.
sVay
Alphonso
EdlbnMenAsItuNPaBbnb;
)
anegInbrimaN
triglyceride
ya:geRcIn
EdlekIteLIgRsbKanwgkar
rIklUtlas;ya:gxaMgrbs;kin nig rsCati.
b:uEnsVaybnMenAsIutuNPaBTab (102
GgSares)
min)an
eFVIeGaypas;brxaMgEbbenHeT
ehIyEpsVay manrsCatisab edaysarkin
nigrsCati.
brimaN
palmitoleic
acid
EdlskenAsItuNPaBbnb;
)
anekIneLIgKYreGaykt;sMKal;elIs palmitic acid.
cMENkkarbnMenAsItuNPaBTab
Kan\TiBleTAelI smamaRtrvag fatty acid
TaMgBIrenHeT (Mitra, 1997).
2>4 karskTuk
37

EpsVayEdl)anRbmUlplrYcehIy
KWmanlTPaBeFVIemtabUlIsCamYybriyak
asskTuk. kta CaeRcIndUcCa BUC
kMriteBjvy
karEbgEcktamTMhM
viFIsasRbmUlpl
karGnuvtn_
karevcxb;
nig
viFIdwkCBa
nsuTEtman\TiBleTAelIlTPaBskTukr
bs;EpsVay.
viFIsasCaeRcInRtUv)aneRbIR)as;
edIm,I BnaGayukalskTukrbs;EpsVay
EdlehAfa viFIsasrUb nigKImI (Salunkhe, 1995).
2>4>1 karskTukenAsItuNPaBTab
sItuNPaBKWCaktadsMxan;bMputE
dlman\TiBlelIKuNPaB
nigGayukalskTukplitplRss;
dUcCa
emtabUlIs
dMNkdegIm
karpas;brrcnasm<n
nigBN
lkxNsrIrsas nigdMeNIrkarbnM
(Soksan, 2003).
karskTukenAsItuNPaBTabGacBnaGay
ukalskTuk
edaysarkarkat;bnyGRtadMNkdegIm
nigkarpliteGTIELnTab
b:uEnEpsVayCadMNaMRtUBic
ehtuenHvagayTTYlrgrbYsedayPaBRtCak;N
as;.
dUecH
38

sVayTuMRtUvskTukenAsItuNPaB
7/2
GgSares
sVayminTan;TuMminRtUvskTukenAeRk
am
10
GgSareseT
(salunkhe,
1995).
CaTUeTAsItuNPaBsmRsbsRmab;skTuks
Vay
KWenAcenaH
12-13
GgSares
Edl)ankat;bnynUvkRmit
eRKaHfak;BIrbYsedayPaBRtCak;.
lTPaBskTukenAsItuNPaB
RtCak;minEmn
GaRsyEteTAelIBUCenaHeT
KWrYmTaMgkRmiteBjvyEdl)anRbmUl
nigrdUvkalRbmUlpl plEdr. sVay Alphonso
EdlskTukenAsItuNPaBeRkam
25
GgSares
man\TiBleTAelIkar
lUtlas;nUvkin nig rsCati nigkarbegIt
Carotenoid enAeBlTuM. sVay Mamey EdlTukenA 812
GgSares
rYcykeTAdak;sItuNPaBbnb;mandMeNIrk
arbnMminRbRktIeT
eFVI[karlUtlas;nUvrsCati
nigBN
minRKb;RKan;.
sItuNPaBskTukkman\TiBleTAelIbrim
aN ascorbic acid rbs;sVay Alphonso enAeBlTuMpgEdr
KWsVayEdlskTukenAsItuNPaBRtCak;Ga
crkSabrimaN ascorbic acid edImEt 32 PaKry
b:ueNaH
rIsVayEdlskTukenAsItuNPaBbnb;Gac
39

rkSa)anrhUtdl; 67-90 PaKry kgryeBl 16

f (Mitra, 1997).
2>4>2
karskTukedayRtYtBinitbriyakas

(Controlled-

atmosphere Storage)

karskTukedayRtYtBinitbriyakasTak;Tge
TAnwgkarEksRmYl
nigBRgwgnUvsmasFaturbs;xl;
Gakas
edIm,Ikat;bny
bBnadMeNIrCIvKImI
dUcCa
dMNkdegIm
dMeNIrkarTuM
nigkareLIgBNelOgrbs;
EpeQI
EdlkarsRmYleGaymankRmitGuksuIEsnTab
nigkRmit]snkabUnicx<s;
)
aneFVI[dMeNIrkarbnM nig dMeNIr Catabolic
fycuH.
dUecH
vaGacBnaGayukalskTukrbs;EpeQI (Eskin,
1990).
karskTuk
edayRtYtBinitbriyakasenH
kRtUv)aneRbIR)as;edIm,IrkSa)annUvsItu
NPaB
kMhab;]sn
nigbrimaN
sMeNImsmRsbkgeKalbMNgrkSa)annUv
KuNPaB
nigsuvtiPaBrbs;EpeQiIenAkMLgeBls
kTuk (Soksan, 2003). karBiesaFn_elIsVay Alphonso )
anbgajeGayeXIjfa brimaN CO 10-15 PaKry
enAkgRbBnbiTCit
kMhab;]snedIm)anpas;br
40
2

edaysardMNkdegIm
CamUlehtueFVI[EpsVayrbYs
eday]snkabUnic
kgTRmg;CasamBNRbepH
ehIyEpTn;bnab;BIskTuk
1
s)ah_
nigrsCati)an)at;bg; bnab;BI 3 s)ah_.
b:uEn kMrit O )an)at;bg; EdleKKitfa
mkBIkardkdegImedayKanxl;
(anaerobic
respiration). enAkgRbBnRtYtBinitbriyakas
karkat;bnybrimaN CO eGayenATabCag 3
PaKry
man\TiBleTAelIkarpliteGtaNul
beGTIELntictYcb:ueNaH. cMENkkMrit
CO
45
PaKry
belIsBI
enH)anbgeGayEpsVaymanrbYs
nigkarlUtlas;BNminRbRktI. kRmit CO Tab
10 nig 25PaKry rUmCamYynwg O 5PaKry
manRbsiTPaBkgkarkat;bnykarpliteGTI
ELnenAkMLgeBl
3
s)ah_
n
karskTukedayRtYtBinitbriyakas
enAsItuNPaB
12
GgSares (Mitra, 1997).
karskTukenHTTYl
)
aneCaKCykGaRsyeTAelIkMriteBjvy
smRsbrbs;EpsVay
kdUcCasItuNPaBrYmbBalpgEdr (Eskin,
1990).
2

2>5 srub
41

CaTUeTAEpsVayRtUvRbmUlplenAeBl
minTan;TMuenAeLIy KWenA kMLgeBl 12
eTA
16
s)ah_
bnab;BIecjEp
GaRsyeTAtamBUC.
karkMnt;kMriteBjvysMrab;RbmUlpl
KWTak;TgeTAnwglkNrUb
nig
lkNKImIrbs;EpsVay.
karRbmUlplRtUv)aneFVIeLIgedayeRbIeQIE
vg EdlmanPab;]bkrN_pac;Tg sVaymYy
nigfg;mYyenAxagcugeQIenaH.
bnab;mkEpsVayRtUv)aneFVIkar
EbgEckeTAtamTMhM
TMgn;
bkMrit
eBjvyrbs;va
rYcykeTAevcxb;edayeRbIEkseQIEdlman
xl;ecjcUll
nigmanRTnab;dak;enAkgEks.
EpsVayRtUvkarryeBl
6
eTA
14
fedIm,IbnMenAsItuNPaBbnb;GaRs
yeTAtamBUC
nigbrisan.
dMeNIrkarcMbgEdlekItmanenAkMLgeBlb
nMKW karbMElgsarFatuemSAeTACasr
karbnynUvbrimaNGasuIt
karbegInnUvdMNkdegIm
karbegIneGTIELn
karbegInnUvbrimaN
Carotenoids
eFVIeGayEpsVayERbBI
BNexoveTACaBNelOg
karrMlaysarFatu
pectin
rbs;CBa
aMgekasikaeFVIeGayEpsVaykan;EtTn;e
42

TA nigkarsMeyaKsarFatuehIrbegItCakin
nigrsCatirbs;EpsVay.
viFI
2
ya:gEdleKniymsMrab;skTuk EpsVayKW
karskTukedayRtCak;EdlCaTUeTAeRbInU
vsItuNPaB
12-13
GgSares
nigkarskTukeday
RtYtBinitbriyakasEdlCaTUeTAtMrUveGay
kMrit]snkabUnicBI 10 eTA 25 PaKry
CamYynwgkMrit GuksuIEsn 5 PaKry.
EpsVayEdlRtUvrbYs)anbegInnUvGRtad
MNkdegIm
nigkarbMPaybrimaNTwkelOneFVIeGayqab;
)at;bg;TMgn;.
ehtuenHvaeFVIeGayEpsVayTMuelOnRsb
CamYynwgbMErbMrYlnUvlkNrUbsaRs
nig
KImI
CIvsaRsxaMg
rYceFVIeGaykarrlYyekIteLIgelOnpgEdr
edaymankarbMpajBIBBYkmIRkumbcUlrY
meTotpg.

43

CMBUk 3
smar nigviFIsaRs
3>1 smarsRmab;karBisaFn_
]
bkrN_Edl)aneRbIR)as;sMrab;karBiesaFn_m
andUcCa CBaIg kERBag fg;)asik
ma:sIuneKob kaMbit hand refractometer, Burette, Pipette, Flask,
Beaker, NaOH, nig Phenolphtalein.
CBaIg
(Balance)RtUv)aneRbIedIm,IfwgTMgn;edIm
nigTMgn;cugeRkayrbs;EpsVaykgeKalb
MNgrk
GRta)at;bg;TMgn;rbs;EpsVay.
kEBagRtUv)aneRbIR)as;edIm,IskTuk
EpsVayEdlmanfg;)asikecaHCarn
tUclmRckBIxageRkAkERBagenaH.
ma:suiIneKobRtUv)aneRbICaCMnYykgk
areKobykTwksVaysMrab;eRbI
R)as;enAkgkarrkGRtaGgFaturlaysrub
nigGRtaGasuItsrub.
elIsBIenHeTAeTot
Refractometer
RtUv
)
aneRbIR)as;edIm,IrkbrimaNGgFaturlaysr
ub.
enAkgkarrkGRtaGasuItsrubRtUveRbIR)a
s;nUvsUluy-sgsUdmGuIRduksuIt nig
sUluysgepNulpaelGuInEdlCaGgFatuc
glBNmYyRbePTKWRtUv)an
eRbIR)as;edIm,IeFVI Titration .
eRkABIenH
44

enAkgkareFVI Titration kRtUveRbI Burette

edIm,Idak;sUluysg sUdmGuIRduksuIt
nigbNk;sUluysgsUdmGuIRduksuItC
atMNk;cUleTAkgsUluysgTwksVay
ehIy
Pipette
RtUv)aneRbIedIm,IbUmyksMNakTwksVay
mkeRbIR)as;.
Flask
RtUv)aneRbIR)as;edIm,IrkSaTuksUluysgsUdmGuIRduksuIt
ehIy
Beaker
RtUv)aneRbIR)as;CaCMnYyedIm,IgayRsYle
nAkgkareprsUluysg
sUdmGuIRduksuItBI Flask eTAdak;kg
Burette
.
bBa
IsMnYrsMrab;karetsedayjaNRtUv)aneRb
IR)as;kg
eKalbMNgvaytMleTAelIlkNxageRkA
lkNsac;sVay
niglkNrYmrbs;EpsVay.
cMENk
kaMbiteRbIR)as;sMrab;citsMbksVayecjedI
m,IsMrYldl;kareKobykTwksVay
kdUcCasMrab;citEpsVayedIm,I
eFVIkarvaytMledayjaNpgEdr.
3>2 viFIsasnkarBiesaFn_
3>2>1 karerobcMEpsVay
EpsVayEkvcin)anykmkBIksikrenARsuuke
KonsVay
extkNal
45

edayeRCIserIsykEpsVay
EdlmanTMhM
nigkMriteBjvydUcKa
rYcdwkCBa
nmkkan;mnIrBiesaFn_nsaklviTaly
PUminksikm.
enAeBlmkdl;mnIrBiesaFn_
EpsVayRtUv)aneRCIserIsmgeTot
edayykEtEpsVayEdlmanTMhM RTg;RTay
nigBNRbhak;RbEhlKa.
EpsVayEdlmanCaM
brbYs
mansamenAelIEp RtUvykecj. EpsVay
RtUv)anlagsMGatedayTwksat
bnab;BIeRCIserIsrYc
ehIyTuksMgYtrhUtdl;sMbkvast.
eRkaymk EbgEckvaCa 6 bcy eday1
bcyman
25
sVay
rYceFVIkarTMlak;eTAtambcyEdl)an
kMNt;.
bnab;mkeTot
EpsVayRtUvykeTATukenAkgkEBag
Edlmanfg;pasIcecaHCarn
RckBIxageRkA.
3>2>2
viFIsas
nigkarerobcMBiesaFn_
EpsVayRtUv)anTMlak;nUvrykMBs; 1
Em:Rt 2 Em:Rt 3 Em:Rt 4 Em:Rt 5 Em:Rt
nigEpsVay
min)anTMlak;RtUv)ancat;Cabcy control .
srubTaMgGs;man 6 bcy KW
46

bcyTI1
eFVIeTAelIsVayEkvcinEdlmin)anTMlak;
bcyTI2
TMlak;sVayEkvcinenAkMBs; 1Em:Rt
bcyTI3
TMlak;sVayEkvcinenAkMBs; 2Em:Rt
bcyTI4
TMlak;sVayEkvcinenAkMBs; 3Em:Rt
bcyTI5
TMlak;sVayEkvcinenAkMBs; 4Em:Rt
bcyTI6
TMlak;sVayEkvcinenAkMBs; 5Em:Rt
karBiesaFn_enHRtUv)aneFVIeLIgedayykEp
sVaycMnYn 25 Epkg 1 bcy
dak;eTAkgkEBag
epSgBIKa
rYceFVIkarTMlak;eTAtamrykMBs;Edl)ank
MNt;.
karTMlak;EpsVayRtUv)aneFVIeLIgenAelI
pdI
saklviTalyPUminksikmedaymanRkalk
Mral)a:tg;ekAsUenAelIdIedIm,IeCosvagsV
ayEdlTMlak;RtUv
Rblak;dIenAeBlTMlak;enaH.
EpsVayEdl)anTMlak;rYc
RtUvrkSaTukenAsItuNPaBFmta
sItuNPaBbnb;
KW
21
GgSares
rYceFVIkarBiesaFn_edIm,IvaytMl eTAelI
47

karERbRbYlsrIrviTa niglkNKImIdUcCa
kar)at;bg;TMgn; GRtaGgFaturlaysrub (Total
Soluble
solids)
GRtaGasuIt
(Total
titratable
acidity)
sNannbMErbMrYlpxageRkA
sNann
bMErbMrYlsac;sVay
bMErbMrYllkNTaMgmUl
nigGayukal
skTukEpsVay.
3>2>3 karRbmUlTinny
TinnysMxan;mYycMnYnTak;Tgnwg
bMErbMrYllkNrUbsaRs
niglkNKImIRtUv)ansikSa.
Tinny
TaMgenaHmandUcxageRkam
- kar)at;bg;TMgn;
EpsVaynImYyRtUv)anfwgedIm,IKNnark
TMgn;edIm
GRta)at;b
x
PaKrynTMgn;Edl)at;bg;
- TMg
g;TMgn;
100
edayGnuelamtamTMgn;edIm.
TMgn;cuge
n;e
=
Rkay
dIm
- GRtaGgFaturlaysrub (Total Soluble Solids)
kMhab;GgFaturlayRtUv)anvas;eday hand
refractometer
eTAelITwksVayEdlRc)ac;ecj
BIEpva.
- GRtaGasuIt (Total Titratable Acidity)
GRtaGasuItRtUv)anKNnaeday
titrationn
NaOH
0.1N.
n NaOH 0.1N x x
GRta ml
0.064 ml 48
GasuI
100
nsM

GRtaGasuItRtUv)anbgajkgTMrg;Ca
PaKrynGasuItsuIRTic dUcxageRkam
sNannbMErbMrYlpeRkArbs;EpsVay
karviPaKRtUveFVIeLIgedaykareFVIets
edayjaNtamrynkareGayBinEdlmanmn
usScMnYn
10
nak;cUlrYmviPaK.
karvaytMlCaBinmandUcCa
BNrbs;EpsVay 1=exov 100 2=exov
75 3=exov-elOg 50 4=elOg 75 nig
5=elOg
100
kinrbs;EpsVay
1=mincUlcitesaH 2=mincUlcitbgr
3=cUlcitFmta
4=cUlcitbgr
nig
5=cUlcitxaMgNas;
nigvaynPaBrbs;EpsVay
1=rwgxaMg
2=rwgbgr
3=rwglm
4=Tn;bgr
nig5=Tn;xaMg.
- sNannbMErbMrYlsac;sVay
karviPaKenHKWeFVIeLIgdUckarviPaKb
MErbMrYlpeRkAEdr
KWeRbIR)as;karetsedayjaN
nigmanmnusS
cMnYn
10nak;Edl)ancUlrYm.
karvaytMlKWeFVIeTAelI
BNsac;
1=mincUlcitesaH 2=mincUlcitbgr
3=cUlcitFmta
4=cUlcitbgr
49

nig5=cUlcitxaMg
rsCati
1=mincUlcitesaH 2=mincUlcitbgr
3=cUlcitFmta
4=cUlcitbgr
nig5=cUlcitxaMg.
karvaytMleTAelIlkNTaMgmUlrbs;Ep
sVay
karvaytMleFVIeTAelIlkNrYmrbs;Eps
VaydUcCa
BN
kin
rsCati
nigPaBrwgTaMglkNxageRkA nigsac;sVay
1=mincUlcitesaH 2=mincUlcitbgr
3=cUlcit
Fmta
4=cUlcitbgr
nig5=cUlcitxaMg.
- ryeBlskTukEpsVay
karvaytMleTAelIlTPaBskTukrbs;Ep
sVayRtUv)anvaytMleTAelIlkNxageRkA
nigsac;
rbs;EpsVay
kalNaEpsVaycab;epImrlYy
KWmannyfava)at;bg;KuNPaB
nigminGacbriePaK)aneT
dUcenHvaminGacskTuk)aneToteT.

50

3>3 karviPaKsiti
karBiesaFn_RtUv)anerobcMeLIgtam
CRD(Completely Randomized Design) Edlman 6bcy nig
3sar.
TinnyEdlTTYl)anRtUveFVIkarviPaKedayt
Mlsiti Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) RsbeTAtameday
Duncans Multiple Range Test CamYykMritnPaBERbRbYl P
<
0.05.
karviPaK
TaMgGs;xagelIdMeNIrkaredaykmviFIkMB
Tr Statistic Analysis Software SAS (SAS) EdlmantMl
kgkMrit 0/05.

51

CMBUk 4
lTpl nigkarBiPakSa
4>1 lTplnkarBiesaFn_
4>1>1 kar)at;bg;TMgn;
kar)at;bg;TMgn;rbs;EpsVay)anekIneLI
gya:gqab;rhsenARKb;bcyTaMgGs;BI
fdMbUgdl;fTI 4. tamRkahVikbgajfa
EpsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;
5
Em:RtmanGRta)at;bg;TMgn;x<s;bMputKW
11/72 PaKry kg kMLgeBlskTukryeBl
8
f
EpsVaymin)anTMlak;manGRtaRtwmEt
7/46
PaKryb:ueNaH
ehIy
bcyTaMgGs;manPaBxusKaya:gmanGt
ny (P<0.05). bnab;BIskTuk)an 12 f
EpsVayTMlak;kMBs;
3
Em:RtmanGRta)at;bg;TMgn;x<s;bMput
EtEpsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;
1
Em:Rt
nigsVayminTMlak;manGRta
)
at;bg;TMgn;Rbhak;RbEhlKa
EdlmantMl)at;bg;TMgn;TabbMput.
EteTaHCaya:gNakeday
bcy
nImYyminmanPaBxusKaeT (P>0.05).
taragTI 4
GRta)at;bg;TMgn;rbs;EpsVayenAkMLge
BlskTuk
52

GRta)at;bg;TMgn;
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
0
3/884 7/465 11/204
yTI 1
bc
0
4/437 8/756 10/958
yTI 2
bc
0
3/694 9/736 12/628
yTI 3
bc
0
4/358 10/080 13/442
yTI 4
bc
0
4/586 10/192
yTI 5
bc
0
5/720 11/720
yTI 6
F-test
NS
*
NS
C.V.(%)
19/510 14/811 12/227
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01(High Significance) nig NS =
b

ab

Non-Significance

53

RkahVikTI 1 kar)at;bg;TMgn;rbs;EpsVay
4>1>2 GRtaGgFaturlaysrub
brimaNGgFaturlaysrubenAkgEpsV
ay)anekIneLIgya:gqab;rhsenARKb;bc
yTaMgGs;enAkg cenaHBIfdMbUg
dl;fTI
4
EdlsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;
5Em:RtmanbrimaNGgFaturlayeRcInCage
KbMput
sVayminTMlak;manticbMput.
b:uEnbnab;BIfTI
4
EpsVayEdlTMlak;enAkMBs; 5 Em:Rt nig 4
Em:Rt
man
karfycuHmkvij
xNEdlsVayenAbcyepSgeTotbnekIneL
IgbnicmgrhUtdl;fTI 8 Etva )anfycuH
mkvijdUcKa
bnab;BIfTI
8
enaH
ehIybcyTaMgGs;manPaBxusKaya:gm
anGtny (P<0.01). Eteday ELkenAfTI 12
bcynImYyminxusKaeT (P>0.05).
54

taragTI 5 GRtaGgFaturlaysrub
brimaNGgFaturlay (Total Solubel Solids )( Brix )
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
10
16/833 17/333 15/000
yTI 1
bc
10
16/333 16/000 14/667
yTI 2
bc
17/667 19/333 14/333
10
yTI 3
bc
10
19/000 18/333 13/667
yTI 4
bc
10
19/333 16/333
yTI 5
bc
10
18/667 15/333
yTI 6
F-test
**
**
NS
C.V.(%)
10/000 5/820 6/160 8/495
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
0

Non-Significance

55

RkahVikTI 2 GRtaGgFaturlaysrub
4>1>3 GRtaGasuItsrub
cab;BIfdMbUg
dl;fTI
4
brimaNGasuIt)anfycuHya:gxaMgenARKb;
bcyTaMgGs;
CaBiesssVay
EdlTMlak;enAkMBs;
5
Em:RtmanGRta)at;bg;GasuItx<s;bMput
EdlkarfycuHenHKWGaRsyelIkMBs;Edl)an
TMlak;.
bnab;BIfTI
4
sVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 5 Em:Rt 4 Em:Rt nig
3
Em:RtmankarfycuHbnicbnceT
sVayenAbcyepSgeTotenAEtfycuHxa
Mg EtminxaMgdUcenAfdMbUgdl;fTI
4
eT
ehIybcyTaMgGs;man
PaBxusKaya:gmanGtny
(P<0.05).
eRkayfTI
8
brimaNGasuItfycuHEtbnicbncb:ueNa
56

H
EdlenA
fTI
RKb;bcyminmanPaBxusKaeT

12
(P>0.05)

taragTI 6 GRtaGasuIt
GRtaGasuIt
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
11/520 4/480 1/493 1/365
yTI 1
bc
11/520 3/157 1/664 1/280
yTI 2
bc
11/520 4/480 0/853 1/835
yTI 3
bc
11/520 2/304 1/749 1/451
yTI 4
bc
11/520 2/133 1/323
yTI 5
bc
11/520 1/963 1/280
yTI 6
F-test
*
**
NS
C.V.(%)
11/520 35/838 18/110 34/801
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
Non-Significance

57

ab

ab

ab

RkahVikTI 3 GRtaGasIutsrub

58

4>1>4 sNannkMhUcpeRkA
k BNsMbk
BinBNsMbkrbs;EpsVaymankarERb
BNBIexoveTACaBNelOgenARKb;bcyT
aMgGs;
BiesssVay
TMlak;enAkMBs;
5Em:Rt mankarERbBNelOgxaMgCageK.
karekIneLIgnUvBNelOgenHGaRsyeTAelI
kMBs;EdlTMlak; KWsVayTMlak;kan;Etx<s;
kan;EtERbBNqab;rhs.
enAfTI 4
nkarskTuk sVayTMlak; enAkMBs; 5
Em:RtmanBinBNelOgx<s;CageK
cMENksVayminTMlak;man
BinBNelOgTabbMput rhUt dl;fTI 12
sVayminTMlak;enAEtmanBinBNelOgTa
bCageK
ebIeRbobnwgsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;epSg.
BNsMbkrbs;EpsVayenARKb;bcyTaMg
Gs;manPaBxusKaya:gman Gtny (P<0.01).
taragTI 7 GRtaBinBNrbs;EpsVay
BinBNrbs;EpsVay
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
1
2/1
3/2
3/9
yTI1
bc
1
2/5
3/5
4/2
yTI2
bc
1
2/7
4/5
4/5
59
d

cd

bc

cd

ab

yTI3
bc
yTI4
bc
yTI5
bc
yTI6
F-test

3/7

3/9

bc

ab

4/4

4/8

4/4

4/5

**

**

26/79

15/59

**

13/60
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
C.V.(%)

Non-Significance

RkahVikTI 4 BNsMbksVay
x kinrbs;EpsVay
kinrbs;EpsVay)anekIneLIgnUvGRtaBi
nnkarcUlcitya:gqab;rhsBIfdMbUg
dl;fTI 4 Biess sVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 5
60

Em:Rt
nig4
Em:RtekIneLIgx<s;bMput
xNEdlsVayminTMlak;manBinTabbMput.
bnab;BIfTI 4 sVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 5
m:Rt
4
Em:Rt
3
Em:Rt
nig
2
Em:Rt)anfycuHBinunkar
cUlcitkinrbs;vamkvijbnicmg
rIsVayTMlak;kMBs;
1
Em:Rt
nigminTMlak;enAEtbnekIneLIgnUvkar
cUlcitkinrbs;vadEdl
ehIyvamanBinx<s;bMput. rhUtdl;fTI
12 sVayminTMlak;enAEt bnkarekIneLIg
nUvGRtaBincUlcitkineTot
ehIymanBinx<s;CageK
xNEdlsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;
3
Em:RtmanBinnkar
cUlcitkinTabCageK
ehIy
bcyTaMgGs;manPaBxusKaya:gmanGt
ny (P<0.01).

61

taragTI 8 GRtaBinkinrbs;EpsVay
Binkinrbs;EpsVay
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
1
2/4
3/7
4/1
yTI1
bc
1
2/7
3/9
3/9
yTI2
bc
1
3/2
3
2/5
yTI3
bc
1
3/4
3/3
2/4
yTI4
bc
1
3/6
3/2
yTI5
bc
1
3/6
3/4
yTI6
F-test
**
NS
**
C.V.(%)
20/85 22/21 25/68
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
c

bc

ab

Non-Significance

62

RkahVIkTI 5 kinrbs;EpsVay
K vaynPaBrbs;EpsVay
PaBrwgrbs;EpsVay)an)at;bg;rhUt
EdleFVIeGayEpsVaykan;EtTn;eTA.
kar)at;bg;PaBrwgenHKW
eTAtamkMBs;TMlak;EdlsVayTMlak;enAkM
Bs;
5
Em:RtmanPaBTn;xaMgbMput
pyeTAnwgsVaymin)anTMlak;
manPaBTn;ticbMputkgcMeNambcyT
aMgGs;cab;BIfdMbUgdl;fTI
12
ehtuenHsVayTMlak;kan;Etx<s;
kan;Etqab;Tn;ehIybcyTaMgGs;manPaB
xusKaya:gmanGtny(P<0.01).
taragTI 9 GRtaBinvaynPaBrbs;EpsVay
BinvaynPaBrbs;EpsVay
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
1
2/2
2/8
3/2
d

63

yTI1
bc
yTI2
bc
yTI3
bc
yTI4
bc
yTI5
bc
yTI6
F-test

2/4

cd

3/5

2/9

bc

3/2

3/4

3/6

3/8

bc

3/7

bc

4/1

ab

ab

4/2

ab

4/5

ab

4/4

4/8

**

**

24/10

18/39

**

18/43
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
C.V.(%)

Non-Significance

RkahVikTI 6 vaynPaBrbs;EpsVay
4>1>5 sNannkMhUcsac;sVay
k BNsac;sVay
64

BNrbs;sac;sVay)anekIneLIgnUvBin
nkarcUlciteTAelIBNsac;ya:gqab;rhsBIf
dMbUgdl;fTI 4 b:uEnenAfTI 4 enH
RKb;bcy
TaMgGs;minmanPaBxusKaeT
(P>0.05).
eRkayBIfTI
4
RKb;bcy
TaMgGs;manPaBxusKaya:gxaMg
ehIysVayminTMlak;)anbnkarekIneLIgBin
nkarcUlcitBNrbs;vadEdl
cMEnksVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 5 Em:Rt 4
Em:Rt
3
Em:Rt
nig
2
Em:RtmankarFak;cuHBinnkarcUlcitB
N rbs;vaya:gxaMg. rhUtdl;fTI 12
sVaymin)anTMlak;manBNKYreGaycUlcit
bMputKW
Bin
4/1
sVay
TMlak;enAkMBs;
3
Em:RtmanBinnkarcUlcitBNTabbMput.
bnab;BIfTI 4 dl;fTI 12 RKb;bcy
TaMgGs;manPaBxusKaya:gmanGtny
(P<0.01).
taragTI 10 GRtaBinBNrbs;sac;sVay
BinBNsac;sVay
bc
0
4
8
12
y
bc
1
2/8
4
4/1
yTI1
bc
1
3/1
3/3
3/4
65
a

ab

yTI2
bc
yTI3
bc
yTI4
bc
yTI5
bc
yTI6
F-test

3/1

1/9

2/9

2/7

2/3

2/2

2/4

3/2

2/1

NS

**

34/46

34/76

bc

**

29/83
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
C.V.(%)

Non-Significance

RkahVikTI 7 BNrbs;sac;sVay
x rsCatisac;sVay
rsCatirbs;EpsVaymankarekIneLIgBin
nkarcUlcitKYreGaykt;sMKal;cab;BIfd
MbUg
dl;fTI
4
66

EtRKb;bcyminmanPaBxusKaeT.
ehIyeRkayBIfTI
4
dl;fTI
8
BinnkareFVIetseTAelIrsCatimankar
ekIneLIgnUvBincUlcitEtbnicbncb:u
eNaHenARKb;bcyTaMgGs;.
sVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 5 Em:RtmanBin
nkarcUlcitrsCatix<s;CageK
xNEdlsVayminTMlak;manBincUlcitrsC
atiTabCageK
ehIybcy
TaMgGs;manPaBxusKaya:gmanGtny
(P<0.01).
Etbnab;BIfTI 8 sVayminTMlak;
nigsVayTMlak;
enAkMBs;
1
Em:RtbnekIneLIgGRtaBinnkarcUlcitr
sCatidEdl sVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 2 Em:Rt
nig
3
Em:Rt
)
anfycuHGRtaBincUlcitrsCatimkvij
EteTaHCaya:gNakedayenAfTI
12
enHRKb;bcyTaMgGs;
minmanPaBxusKaeT (P>0.05).
taragTI 11 GRtaBinrsCatirbs;sac;sVay
BinrsCatisac;sVay
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
1
2/9
3
4
yTI1
bc
1
3/2
3/6
4/1
yTI2
67
c

bc

bc

bc
yTI3
bc
yTI4
bc
yTI5
bc
yTI6
F-test

3/6

3/5

3/6

4/4

3/9

bc

ab

3/9

ab

4/1

3/4

ab

4/5

**

**

19/71

21/98

NS

28/78
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
C.V.(%)

Non-Significance

RkahVikTI 8 rsCatirbs;sac;sVay
4>1>6
bMErbMrYllkNTaMgmUlrbs;EpsVay
68

cab;BIfdMbUgdl;fTI
4
RKb;bcyTaMgGs;)anekIneLIgnUvGRtaB
innkarcUlcitlkNrYmrbs;va
EdlsVayminTMlak;manBinx<s;bMput.
bnab;BIfTI 4 sVayEdlTMlak;enAkMBs; 5
Em:Rt 4 Em:Rt 3 Em:Rt nig 2 Em:Rt )
anfycuHBincUlcitlkNrYmmkvij
EtsVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 1 Em:Rt nigmin)an
TMlak;enAbnkarekIneLIgBincUlcitlk
NrYmdEdl.
EteRkayBIfTI
8
sVayTMlak;enAkMBs;
1
Em:Rt
kbnyBinnkarcUlcitlkNrYmmkvijE
dr
xNEdlsVayminTMlak;enArkSakarekIneLIg
BincUlcit
lkNrYmrhUt.
cab;BIfdMbUgdl;fTI 12 nkarskTuk
sVayEdlTMlak;enAkMBs;
5
Em:RtmanBinn
karcUlcitlkNrYmTabbMput
ehIysVaymin)anTMlak;manBinx<s;Cage
KCanic
ehtuenHsVayEdlTMlak;
kan;Etx<s;
manGRtaBinnkarcUlcitlkNTaMgmUl
kan;EtTab
ehIybcyTaMgGs;manPaBxusKaya:g
manGtny (P<0.01).

69

taragTI
12
GRtaBinlkNTaMgmUlrbs;EpsVay
BinlkNTaMgmUlrbs;EpsVay
bc
fTI
fTI 0 fTI 4 fTI 8
y
12
bc
1
3/6
4
4/3
yTI1
bc
1
3/3
3/8
3/2
yTI2
bc
1
2/8
2/6
2/5
yTI3
bc
1
2/6
2/3
1/7
yTI4
bc
1
2/4
2/3
yTI5
bc
1
2/1
1/8
yTI6
F-test
**
**
**
C.V.(%)
34/97 29/07 28/08
sMKal; * = P<0.05 (Significance), ** = P<0.01 (High Significance) nig NS =
a

Non-Significance

70

ab

abc

bc

bc

bc

bc

RkahVikTI 9 lkNTaMgmUlrbs;EpsVay
4>1>7 ryeBlskTuk
EpsVayEdlTMlak;enAkMBs; 5 Em:Rt
nig
4
Em:Rt)anrlYyenAfTI
8
nkarskTuk rIsVayEdl TMlak;enAkMBs;
3
Em:Rt
2
Em:Rt
1
Em:Rt
nigsVaymin)anTMlak;rlYyenAfTI
12
nkarskTuk.

taragTI
ryeBlnkarskTukEpsVay
bcy
ryeBlskTu
k f
12
sVayminTMla
k;
sVayTMlak;k
12
71

13

MBs; 1Em:Rt
sVayTMlak;k
MBs; 2Em:Rt
sVayTMlak;k
MBs; 3Em:Rt
sVayTMlak;k
MBs; 4Em:Rt
sVayTMlak;k
MBs; 5Em:Rt

12
12
8
8

4>2> karBiPakSa
karsikSaenH
KWkMNt;eTAelI\TiBlnkarTMlak;enAkMBs;
epSgKaeTAelIKuNPaBtamlkNsrIr
niglkNKImIrbs;EpsVayeRkayeBlRbmUlp
lrYc. EpsVayRtUv)anTMlak;enArykMBs;
5 Em:Rt 4 Em:Rt 3 Em:Rt 2 Em:Rt 1 Em:Rt
nigEpsVayminTan;TMlak;.
karTMlak;EpsVayenAkMritkMBs;epSgK
aenH
KWeFVIeLIgedIm,IeRbobeFobnwgkMritnk
arxUcxatrbs;EpsVayenAdMNak;kalepSgc
ab;taMgBIkarRbmUlplmkem:H
ehIydMNak;kalEdlsMxan;KW eBlRbmUlpl
nig
eBldwkCBa
nEdlbgeGayEpsVayrgrbYsxaMg.
eRkaykarBiesaFn_ryeBl
12f
nkarskTuk )anbgajfa
72

GRtankar)at;bg;TMgn;
)
anekIneLIgya:gqab;rhsenARKb;bcyT
aMgGs;
Edlkar)at;bg;enaH
GaRsyeTAelIkMBs;EdlTMlak;
KWEpsVayEdlTMlak;enAkMBs;kan;Etx<s;
kar)at;bg;TMgn;kan;EteRcIneLIg
RkahVikTI1.
sVaymin)anTMlak;
bgajnUvGRta)at;bg;TMgn;ticCageK
xNEdlsVayTMlak;kMBs;
5Em:Rtmankar)at;bg;x<s;bMput.
kar)at;bg;enH
KWedaysardMNkdegIm
eRBaHEpsVayRtUvrbYs
va)anbegIn
nUvdMNkdegImya:gqab;rhs
edaysarekasikavargrbYs (Kurup et al, 1967).
cMENkkarsikSa
mYyeTot)anbgajfa
kMedAEdlbegItedaydMNkdegIm)anbeg
InnUvGRtabMPaybrimaNTwkrbs;ekasika
EpeQI
CaehtueFVIeGaykar)at;bg;TMgn;kan;EtekI
neLIg
(Soksan,
2003).
EteTaHCaya:gNakedayrvag
bcynImYy
minmanlkNxusKaenaHeT (P0.05).
brimaNGgFaturlaysrub)anekIneLIg
enHKWedaysarEtkarbMElgsarFatuemS:AeT
ACasr
ehIyk
Cab;Tak;TgeTAnwgdMNkdegImEdr.
bnab;BIEfTI4 sVayenAkMBs; 5 Em:Rt nig
73

4
Em:Rt
)anfycuHbrimaN
GgFaturlaysrubbnicmg
cMENksVayTMlak;kMBs; 3 Em:Rt 2 Em:Rt
1
Em:Rt
nigsVaymin)anTMlak;bn
ekIneLIgrhUtdl;fTI 8 eTIbfycuHmkvij.
karfycuHnUvbrimaNGgFaturlayenH
RsbeTAnwgkarsikSa eTAelIBUCsVay Haden,
Irwin, Kent, nig Keitt enAhVrIda bgajfa glucose nig
fructose
)anfycuHbnicmg ehIy sucrose )
anekIneLIgdEdlenAeBlTuM.
cMENkkarsikSamYyeTotbgajfa skmPaB
Amylase
)
anekIneLIgdl;cMNuckMBUlenAeBlEpsVay
TuM ehIybnab;mkvakfycuHmkvij (Mitra,
1997).
GRtaGasuItrbs;EpsVay)anfycuHya:gxaM
gcab;BIEfdMbUg
rhUtdl;EfTI
4
ehIybnab;BIenaH
GRta
nkarfycuH)anbnabbnicmg.
brimaNnkarfycuHGasuIt
KWGaRsyeTAelIkMBs;EdleyIgTMlak;
RkahVikTI3.
karfycuHbrimaNGasuItenHmanTMnak;TM
ngya:gCitsiTCamYynwgkarekIneLIgbrim
aNsr.
BNsMbkEpsVay)anekIneLIgnUvBinrhU
74

t
EdlkarekIneLIgenHGaRsyeTAelIkMBs;Edl
)anTMlak;
EdlEpsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;x<s;
bgajGRtaBinx<s;CagsVayTMlak;enAk
MBs;Tab
RkahVikTI4.
bMErbMrYl
BNsMbksVaycab;epImERbBNexovcas;
rhUtERbeTACaBNelOg
100
PaKry
edaysarEtkr:U)asenA
kgsMbk)anbMElgeTACakr:UPIlkgsMb
kekIteLIg bnab;BIEpsVaycab;epImTn;.
ekasika
osmiophilic
nig
grana
EdltMerobya:glenAkgekasikasMbksVay
xI
bnab;mkPas
granal
)
an)at;bg;enAeBlbnM ehIy ekasika osmiophilic
)
anekItEdlCasBaakgkarbMElgkr:U)as
eTACakr:U)asEdlmansarFatu
carote-noids
BNelOg
(Mitra,
1997).
ehtuenHEpsVayEdlTMlak;
gayeFVIeGaybMEbknUvPas
granal
nekasikasMbkEpsVay.
kinrbs;EpsVay)anekInBincab;BIfdM
bUgrhUtdl;fTI
4
enARKb;bcyTaMgGs;
EdlkarekIneLIg
GaRsyelIkarbegInkMBs;TMlak;.
bnab;BIfTI 4 sVayTMlak;kMBs; 5 Em:Rt
75

4 Em:Rt 3 Em:Rt nig 2 Em:Rt )

anfycuHnUvBinkinrbs;va
bu:EnsVayTMlak;kMBs;
1
Em:Rt
nigsVayminTMlak;enAbnekIneLIgdEdl
RkahVikTI
5.
karsikSaenHRsbKaeTAnwgkarBiesaFn_m
YycMnYn)anbgajfa
karbegItCaTMrg;sarFatukin
manryeBlxIb:ueNaHenAkMLgeBlbn
M
EdlCab;Tak;TgeTAnwgkarekIneLIgndMNk
degIm
(Eskin,
1990).
vaynPaBrbs;EpsVay)an)at;bg;rhUt
ehIykarekIneLIgkar)at;bg;PaBrwgenH
KWtamkMBs;Edl
TMlak;
sVayEdlTMlak;enAkMBs;
5
Em:Rt
)
an)at;bg;xaMgCageK
nigsVayminTMlak;)at;bg;TabCageK
RkahVikTI
6.
karfycuHnUvPaBrwgrbs;EpsVay
Tak;TgenAnwgkarekIneLIgnUvsarFatu Pectin
Edlrlay rbs;CBaaMgekasika
(Eskin,
1990).
EpsVayEdlTTYlrgnUvkarTMlak;)aneFVI[xU
cxatnUvrcnasm<nrbs;
CBaaMg
ekasika
CaehtueFVIeGayEpsVaykan;Etqab;Tn;.
BinBNrbs;sac;sVay)anekIneLIgGRtaBi
76

nenARKb;bcycab;BIfdMbUg
rhUtdl;fTI 4 eTAtam kMBs;Edl)anTMlak;
KWsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;manBineRcInC
ageK.
b:uEnenAeRkayfTI
4
sVayTMlak;kMBs; 5 Em:Rt 4 Em:Rt 3
Em:Rt
nig
2
Em:Rt)anfycuHGRtaBinnkarcUlcitmkv
ij
sVayminTMlak;)anekIneLIg
dEdl
KWvamanBinx<s;CagbcydTeTot
RkahVikTI
7.
bMErbMrYlBNEbbenH
KWedaysarEtbMErbMrYl
brimaN
Carotenoid
EdlmanBNelOg
enAkgEpsVay
ehtuenHeFVI[EpsVayEdlTMlak;enAkMBs;
x<s;gay
bMEbk
Pasekasika
eFVIeGaybrimaN
Carotenoids
sMeyaKelOnCagsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;Tab
b:uEnenAfTI
8
nigfTI
12
sVayTMlak;enA kMBs;x<s;sMeyaKbrimaN
Carotenoid
eRcIneBk eFVIeGayBNrbs;vaelOg
RCuleBk
rYmTaMgPaBCaM
bEbkedaysarkarTMlak;enaH
eFVI[Binva)at;bg;.
rsCatirbs;EpsVaymankarekIneLIgCanic
ehIykarekIneLIgenaH
KWGaRsyeTAelIkMBs;Edl
TMlak;
KWsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;x<s;manBinx<
s;CagsVayTMlak;kMBs;Tab
RkahVikTI
77

10.
BinrsCatirbs;
EpsVayBwgEpkcMbgeTAelIkarekIneLIgn
UvbrimaNsr
nigkarfycuHnUvbrimaNGasuItrbs;va.
BineTAelIlkNrYmrbs;EpsVay)anekIne
LIgenARKb;bcy
cab;BIfdMbUg
dl;fTI
4
Edlkar
ekIneLIgBinenHmanPaBxusKaeTAnwg
kMBs;TMlak;
KWsVayTMlak;kan;Etx<s;manBinkan;Et
tic.
bnab;BIfTI
4
sVayminTMlak;enAEtbegInBindEdl
b:uEnsVayenAbcyepSgeTot)anfycuH
Binrbs;vaeTAvij
RkahVikTI
11.
BineTAelIlkNrYmenH
KWGaRsyeTAelIkarniymcUlcitTaMgp
eRkA nigsac;rbs;EpsVay rYmman dUcCa
BN
kin
PaBrwg
nigrsCatirbs;va.
EpsVayEdlTMlak;kan;Etx<s;
kan;EtgayCaM
brbYs
rbYseday
emkanic
ehtuenH
KuNPaB
nigesaPNrbs;va)an)at;bg;eTAtamkMritn
rbYsenaH.
EpsVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 5 Em:Rt nig 4
Em:RtsyrlYyenAfTI 8 nkarskTuk
cMENksVay TMlak;enAkMBs; 3 Em:Rt 2
Em:Rt
1
Em:Rt
78

nigsVayminTMlak;)ansyrlYyenAfTI
12.
ehtuenHryeBl
skTukKWERbRbYleTAtamkMBs;TMlak;Ed
lEpsVayTMlak;enAkMBs;x<s;kan;Etgays
yrlYy.
rbYs)anbegIn
nUvdMNkdegImehIyeFVI[mankarekIneLIg
nUvbrimaNsMeNIm
CamUlehtueFVI[gayTTYlrgnUvkarrukranBI
BBYkmIRkubedIm,IbMpajEpsVayenAeBl
skTuk (Kurup et al, 1967).

79

CMBUk 5
snidan nigGnusasn_
5>1 snidan
EpsVayEdlmin)anTMlak;manKuNPaB
nigesaPNPaBlCagsVayTMlak;enAkMB
s; 1 Em:Rt 2 Em:Rt 3 Em:Rt 4 Em:Rt nig 5
Em:Rt
kdUcCamanGayukalskTukyUrpgEdr
edaysarmankar)at;bg;TMgn;
tic
ryeBlnkarTMuyUrCageK
eRBaHkarekIneLIgnUvbrimaNGgFaturlay
srubyWt
rYmTaMgkarfycuHnUv
brimaNGasuItyWtEdr.
elIsBIenHeTAeTot
sVayminTMlak;manbMErbMrYleTAelIpeR
kA
nigsac;rbs;
EpsVayticCag
sVayTMlak;enAkMBs; 1 Em:Rt 2 Em:Rt 3
Em:Rt 4 Em:Rt nig 5 Em:RteTotpg.
karbMElg
BNsMbksVayeTACaBNelOgGaRsyeTAta
mkMBs;TMlak;
KWEpsVayTMlak;kan;Etx<s;bMElgBNsM
bk
eTACaBNelOgkan;Etqab;.
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