02we Scarpelli Worked Example Strip Foundation PDF

Eurocodes:
Background & Applications

GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN with worked examples
Worked example
strip foundation
Professor Giuseppe Scarpelli
Universit Politecnica delle Marche
Ancona, Italy
y
Past Vice-Chairman TC250/SC7
13-14 June 2013. Dublin
Eurocodes:
Spread foundationsDesign of a strip foundation

CASE STUDY
Eurocodes:
GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN with
ith worked
k d examples
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Design situation:
Strip
S
i foundation
f
d i for
f a concrete building
b ildi whose
h
d i i is
destination
i civil
i il habitation.
h bi i
I is
It
i
composed of four floors. The embedment depth of foundation is 1.5 m; the
groundwater level is situated at 1.5 m from the ground surface. Allowable
settlement is 5 cm.
2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved
Eurocodes:
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k d examples
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Characteristic values of actions:

-Gk=permanent vertical load;
-Qk=variable vertical load.
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Normal forces (kN)*

C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
Gk
-460.147
Qk
-108.138
Gk
-687.103
Qk
-222.355
Gk
-627.8
Qk
-154.012
Gk
-623.915
623 915
Qk
-152.261
Gk
-685.011
Qk
-222.231
222 231
Gk
-416.982
Qk
-108.103
*(shear forces and bending moments are negligible for static conditions)
conditions).
Require foundation width, B to satisfy both ULS and SLS.
Eurocodes:
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Annex B.3 of Eurocode 7 Part 2
Recommended depth of investigation for spread foundations
Eurocodes:
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Eurocodes:
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20-26 m
0-2 m
2-4 m
26-30 m
4-6 m
6-20 m
Eurocodes:
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qc (MPa)
20
40
100
u2 (MPa)
200
300
0,0
0
10
10
10
15
15
15
20
20
z (m)
z (m)
CPT results
z (m)
fs (kPa)
qt (MPa)
20
2
25
25
25
30
30
30
35
35
35
40
40
40
0,5
1,0
1,5
Eurocodes:
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Qt
100
200
300
400
500
10
10
15
15
20
z (m)
z (m)
Fr
50
100
20
25
25
30
30
35
35
40
40
150
Eurocodes:
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Normalized CPT soil behaviour type chart after

Robertson (1990).
10
Eurocodes:
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Eu/cu = f (Ip, OCR)
Duncan and Buchignani (1976).

11
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cu=(qt-v0)/Nk
Nk=19
Undrained cohesion from CPT test, Lunne et al.
(
(1977)
)
Ed (MPa)
(MP ) = 4 qc
(if qc > 10 MPa)
Oedometric modulus from CPT test (after LunneChristoffersen 1983 - Robertson and Powell 1997)
12
Eurocodes:
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Oedometer test results

Sample depth (z) = 25 m
Natural water content (W) =32.74 %
Unit weight () =19 kN/m3
Water depth (zw) = 2.5 m
13
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Eurocodes:
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50 kPa
100kPa
200kPa
400kPa
800kPa
1600kPa
0,00
0,50
Setttlement (mm)
1,00
1,50
Average Cv=2*10-3 cm2/s
,
2,00
2,50
3,00
3,50
01
0,1
10
100
1000
time (min)
14
10000
Eurocodes:
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Soil Conditions:
k
k
Soil 1: medium dense

sand (0
(0-20
20 m)
= 18.5 kN/m3
c k= 0 k= 38
E = 30 MPa
Soil 2: clayey silt

= 18.5 kN/m3
Cc = 0.36
Cs = 0.022
Cv=2*10-3 cm2/s
Cuk = 80 kPa
15
Eurocodes:

BEARING RESISTANCE
Eurocodes:
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17
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B=1.5
DA1-1
DA1-2
PARTIAL FACTORS
A1+M1+R1
A2+M2+R1
Vd (kN)
7395.74
5661.00
Nq
48.87
23.17
74.80
27.72
sq
1 04
1.04
1 04
1.04
0.98
0.98
Rd (kN)
15320.80
5676.52
Rd/Vd
2.07
1.00
Eurocodes:
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B=1 21
B=1.21
DA2
PARTIAL FACTORS
A1+M1+R2
Vd (kN)
7160.10
Nq
48.87
74.80
sq
1 03
1.03
0.98
Rd (kN)
7150 58
7150.58
Rd/Vd
1.00
Eurocodes:
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19
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B 1 74
B=1.74
DA3
PARTIAL FACTORS
A1/A2+M2+R3
Vd ((kN))
7590.75
590 5
Nq
23.17
27.72
sq
1.04
0.98
Rd (kN)
7612 07
7612.07
Rd/Vd
1.00
Eurocodes:
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3.50
D = 0 m, ' = 38
Rd/Vd
3.00
2.50
DA1-COMB1
2.00
DA2-COMB2
1 50
1.50
DA2
DA3
1.00
0.50
0.00
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
B (m)
20
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12.00
B = 1.74 m , '=38
10.00
DA1-COMB1
Rd/Vd
8.00
DA2-COMB2
6.00
DA2
DA3
4.00
2.00
0.00
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
D (m)
21
Eurocodes:
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10 00
10.00
9.00
B = 1.74 m , D = 0 m
8.00
DA1-COMB1
DA1
COMB1
Rd/Vd
7 00
7.00
6.00
DA2-COMB2
5.00
DA2
4 00
4.00
3.00
DA3
2.00
1 00
1.00
0.00
20.0
22
22.0
24.0
26.0
28.0
30.0
32.0
'k ()
34.0
36.0
38.0
40.0
42.0
44.0
Eurocodes:

CHECK FOR
SERVICEABILITY
Eurocodes:
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Immediate settlement
n
s0 =
s 0 = qB
qB
0 1 (1 2 )
E
i =1
I = 01
Janbu et al. (1956)
square
circular
24
I(H i ) I (H i 1 )
(1 2 )
Ei
Eurocodes:
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....considering the single strip footing
25
q (kPa)=
167.32
B (m) =
1.50
L (m) =
21.40
H ((m)) =
50
0.3
E' (kPa) =
30000
H/B =
666 7
666.7
D/B =
L/B=
14.3
0 =
1 =
1.8
(m)=
0.014
Eurocodes:
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....considering an equivalent
spread foundation spanning
over the whole building base
area
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q (kPa) =
64.77
B (m) =
15.50
L (m) =
21.40
H1 =
20
H2 =
50
1 =
0 30
0.30
2 =
0.50
cu (kPa) =
80.00
Eu (kPa) =
32000
E' (kPa) =
30000
H1/B =
1.29
H2/B =
64 52
64.52
D/B =
0.00
L/B=
1.38
1.00
1 (1) =
0.50
1.00
1 (2) =
0.70
(m)=
0.021
26
(1)
(2)
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Oedometric settlement
k
k
Soil 1: medium
dense sand (0-20 m)
= 18.5 kN/m3
cc = 0
=
= 38
E = 30 MPa
Soil 2: clayey silt

= 18.5 kN/m3
Cc = 0.36
Cs = 0.022
Cv=2*10-3 cm2/s
Cu = 80 kPa
27
Eurocodes:
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6.6.2 (5) The depth of the compressible soil layer to be

considered when calculating settlement should depend on the size
and shape of the foundation, the variation in soil stiffness with
depth and the spacing of foundation elements.
28
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Stress increment
29
Eurocodes:
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layers
z
(m)
z (from
g.s.)
(m)
z
(kPa)
u
(kPa)
''z
(kPa)
e0
z
(kPa)
z /'z
''z_fin
(kPa)
ef
Sed
(m)
1,00
0,50
20,25
374,63
174,13
200,50
0,91
21,67
0,11
222,17
0,86
0,023
0,012
2,00
0,50
20,75
383,88
179,03
204,84
0,90
20,87
0,10
225,71
0,86
0,022
0,011
3,00
0,50
21,25
393,13
183,94
209,19
0,90
20,10
0,10
229,29
0,86
0,021
0,010
4,00
0,50
21,75
402,38
188,84
213,53
0,90
19,37
0,09
232,90
0,86
0,020
0,010
5,00
0,50
22,25
411,63
193,75
217,88
0,89
18,68
0,09
236,55
0,86
0,019
0,009
6 00
6,00
0 50
0,50
22 75
22,75
420 88
420,88
198 65
198,65
222 22
222,22
0 89
0,89
18 01
18,01
0 08
0,08
240 24
240,24
0 86
0,86
0 018
0,018
0 009
0,009
7,00
0,50
23,25
430,13
203,56
226,57
0,89
17,38
0,08
243,95
0,86
0,017
0,009
8,00
0,50
23,75
439,38
208,46
230,91
0,88
16,78
0,07
247,69
0,85
0,016
0,008
9,00
0,50
24,25
448,63
213,37
235,26
0,88
16,20
0,07
251,46
0,85
0,015
0,008
10,00
0,50
24,75
457,88
218,27
239,60
0,88
15,66
0,07
255,26
0,85
0,015
0,007
11,00
0,50
25,25
467,13
223,18
243,95
0,88
15,13
0,06
259,08
0,85
0,014
0,007
12,00
0,50
25,75
476,38
228,08
248,29
0,87
14,63
0,06
262,93
0,85
0,013
0,007
13 00
13,00
0 50
0,50
26 25
26,25
485 63
485,63
232 99
232,99
252 64
252,64
0 87
0,87
14 16
14,16
0 06
0,06
266 79
266,79
0 85
0,85
0 013
0,013
0 006
0,006
Stot=
0,033
30
Eurocodes:
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layers
z
(m)
z (from
g.s.)
(m)
z
(kPa)
u
(kPa)
'z
(kPa)
z
(kPa)
z /
/'z
'z_fin
(kPa)
ef
Sed
(m)
1,00
2,00
21,00
388,50
181,49
207,02
20,48
0,10
227,50
0,86
0,022
0,043
2,00
2,00
23,00
425,50
201,11
224,40
17,69
0,08
242,09
0,86
0,017
0,035
3 00
3,00
2 00
2,00
25 00
25,00
462 50
462,50
220 73
220,73
241 78
241,78
15 39
15,39
0 06
0,06
257 17
257,17
0 85
0,85
0 014
0,014
0 029
0,029
4,00
2,00
27,00
499,50
240,35
259,16
13,48
0,05
272,64
0,84
0,012
0,024
5,00
2,00
29,00
536,50
259,97
276,54
11,88
0,04
288,42
0,84
0,010
0,020
6,00
2,00
31,00
573,50
279,59
293,92
10,54
0,04
304,46
0,83
0,008
0,017
7,00
2,00
33,00
610,50
299,21
311,30
9,40
0,03
320,70
0,83
0,007
0,014
8,00
2,00
35,00
647,50
318,83
328,68
8,43
0,03
337,11
0,82
0,006
0,012
9,00
2,00
37,00
684,50
338,45
346,06
7,60
0,02
353,65
0,81
0,005
0,010
10 00
10,00
2 00
2,00
39 00
39,00
721 50
721,50
358 07
358,07
363 44
363,44
6 88
6,88
0 02
0,02
370 31
370,31
0 81
0,81
0 004
0,004
0 009
0,009
11,00
2,00
41,00
758,50
377,69
380,82
6,25
0,02
387,07
0,80
0,004
0,008
12,00
2,00
43,00
795,50
397,31
398,20
5,71
0,01
403,90
0,80
0,003
0,007
13,00
2,00
45,00
832,50
416,93
415,58
5,23
0,01
420,81
0,79
0,003
0,006
13,00
2,00
47,00
869,50
436,55
432,96
4,81
0,01
437,76
0,78
0,003
0,005
13,00
2,00
49,00
906,50
456,17
450,34
4,43
0,01
454,77
0,78
0,002
0,005
Stot=
0,243
Eurocodes:
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Settlement time development

p
H
2H
32
Eurocodes:
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qc (MPa)
fs (kPa)
qt (MPa)
20
40
100
u2 (MPa)
200
300
0,0
10
10
10
15
15
15
20
z (m)
z (m)
z (m)
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20
0,5
1,0
1,5
20
25
25
25
30
30
30
35
35
H 1.5 m
40
settleme
ent (m)
time (days)
0
20
40
60
80
100
35
120
140
0,00
40
40
0,01
0,02
0,03
0 04
0,04
33
160
Eurocodes:
ith worked
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qc (MPa)
20
40
100
u2 (MPa)
200
300
0,0
10
10
10
15
15
15
20
z (m)
z (m)
20
25
25
30
30
30
35
35
0,00
0 05
0,05
time (months)
10
40
15
0,5
1,0
20
25
40
34
fs (kPa)
qt (MPa)
settlemen
nt (m)
z (m)
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2H 7 m
H 3.5 m
35
20
1,5
25
40
0,10
0,15
0,20
0 25
0,25
30
Eurocodes:
Geotechnical design
with worked examples
eurocodes.jrc.ec.europa.eu

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Eurocodes:

Background & Applications

13-14 June 2013. Dublin

GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN with worked examples

Spread foundationsDesign of a strip foundation

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Characteristic values of actions:

Normal forces (kN)*

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Annex B.3 of Eurocode 7 Part 2

Recommended depth of investigation for spread foundations

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Normalized CPT soil behaviour type chart after

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Eu/cu = f (Ip, OCR)

Duncan and Buchignani (1976).

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Oedometer test results

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Average Cv=2*10-3 cm2/s

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Soil 1: medium dense

Soil 2: clayey silt

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Spread foundationsDesign of a strip foundation

13-14 June 2013. Dublin

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Spread foundationsDesign of a strip foundation

13-14 June 2013. Dublin

Janbu et al. (1956)

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

....considering the single strip footing

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Soil 2: clayey silt

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

6.6.2 (5) The depth of the compressible soil layer to be

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

Settlement time development

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

2013. Giuseppe Scarpelli. All rights reserved

13-14 June 2013. Dublin

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