Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

HNG DN VN HNH V BO DNG

H THNG KCH T

CHNG I:
GII THIU CHUNG
I.

Chc nng:

1. Chc nng ca h thng:

My pht in ng b QF-31-2 s dng h thng kch t tnh vi nhim v
iu chnh c tuyn A/V u cc my pht (iu chnh cc thng s in p v
cng sut phn khng trn u cc my pht) thng qua s iu khin t ng
dng kch t. Ngun in kch t c ly t u cc my pht thng qua my
bin p kch t 2LSC-250/6.3kV h in p u cc t 6.3kV xung 350V ph
hp vi yu cu i vi b chnh lu cu 3 pha s dng Thyristor. Sau ngun
in 3 pha ny s c chnh lu thnh ngun 1 chiu v cp n cun dy roto
my pht. iu khin kch t c thc hin bng vic thay i gc m iu
khin cc thyristor ca cu chnh lu thng qua b AVR (auto voltage regulator).
B iu chnh c nhim v thay i cc gi tr:
- in p u cc my pht.
- Cng sut phn khng ca my pht.
2. Chc nng ca cc thit b chnh trong h thng kch t:
a. My bin p kch t:
My bin p kch t 2LSC-250/6.3kV c nhim v bin i h thng in
xoay chiu 3 pha t u ra my pht vi cp in p 6.3kV xung cn 350V
cp ngun u vo cho h thng kch t.
b. B chnh lu:
Chnh lu cu 3 pha c iu khin dng 6 thyristor c nhim v bin i h
thng ngun in xoay chiu 3 pha thnh h thng dng in mt chiu c
iu khin cp cho cun dy roto my pht.
c. H thng mi t:
Khi c lnh khi ng kch t my ct,QF1 ng cp ngun mi t ban u
cho cun dy roto my pht.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

d. H thng dit t:
Khi c lnh dng kch t th cc cu chnh lu s ng gc m lm h mch
kch thch. Tuy nhin t d cm ng trong mch kch t to nn in p rt
ln c th ph hy cch in ca cun dy roto. Chnh v vy cn phi trit
tiu t trng bo v cho roto my pht bng h thng dit t.

II.

Cu to ca thit b:

1. Cu to ca h thng kch t:
H thng kch t c th c chia thnh 4 khi chnh:
- My bin p kch t.
- Modul kch t v cc thit b iu khin (b AVR).
- Cc b chnh lu s dng thyristor.
- H thng mi t v dp t.

2. Cu to ca cc thit b chnh:
a. My bin p kch t:
My bin p kch t l my bin p kh c cu to bi li thp v cun
dy. My bin p c bo v bi:
- Bo v so lch.
- Bo v qu dng c thi gian.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

b. B chnh lu:
H thng c trang b 2 b chnh lu. Mi b c trang b 6 thyristor.
B chnh lu c trang b cc bo v:
- bo v qu p cho cc thyristor s dng mch R-C mc song song cho
mi thyristor.
- bo v qu ti v ngn mch cho thyristor s dng cu ch mc ni tip
vi thyristor.
c. Module kch t v cc thit b iu khin:
Gm c 2 knh iu khin HWJT-08DS s dng ngun DC220V v
AC100V t 1TC3, v tn hiu iu khin xoay chiu ly c lp t cc
TU v TI khc nhau.(1TC1,1TC2,1TV,2TV,3TV v TA)
d. H thng mi t:
Gm c tip im 2QF1, tip im 2KM1,in tr RSE, iot VDSE
e. H thng dit t:
Gm my ct dp t QE v in tr dit t RMC.
f. Dao ct kch t :
Dao ct kch t 2QS t pha th cp ca my bin p kch t c nhim
v ng ct dng in xoay chiu u vo cc b chnh lu.

III. Thng s cc thit b chnh :

1. My bin p kch t:
Type
Rated voltage
Rated pressure
Rated current
Rated frequency

2LSC-250/6.3
630022.5%/350 V
250 kVA
22.91/412.4 A
50 Hz

2. TU kch t:
a. Hai cun dy:
Type
Voltage
Frequency
Pressure
PT/ratings
b. Ba cun dy:

REL-12
6 kV
50 Hz
50VA
6/ 3 0.1/ 3 kV 0.2/3P

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

Type
Voltage
Frequency
Pressure
PT/ratings

REL-12
6 kV
50 Hz
50VA
6/ 3 0.1/ 3 0.1/3 kV 0.2/3P

3. T kch t:
a. ZL-088 excitation system control equipment
Production type
Input voltage
Output current
Operating temperature

HGL-01
350 V
414 A
-20~55

Output voltage max

Output current max

376 V
753 A

b. ZL-088 excitation system control equipment

Production type
Output voltage
Output current
Operating temperature

HWJT-08DS
207 V
414 A
-20~55

Input voltage max

Input current max

100 V
5A

c. Ba my bin p TC1,TC2,TC3:
My bin p TC1,TC2:
Cng sut
U1
U2
Tn s
T ni dy
My bin p TC3:

350 VA
350 V
160 V
50 Hz
Y/

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

Cng sut
U1
U2
Tn s
T ni dy

100 VA
350 V
100 V
50 Hz
Y/Y

CHNG II
VN HNH H THNG KCH T
I.

Cng tc kim tra trc khi khi ng:

1. Kim tra h thng kch t trc khi vn hnh:

- Kim tra theo bin bn nghim thu thit b.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

- Kim tra cng vic lp t thit b hon chnh theo s thit k.

- Kim tra cong vic u ni mch nht th v nh th hon thin.
- Th nghim thit b khi khng ha li.
2. Kim tra h thng kch t trc khi khi ng:
a. Kim tra my bin p kch t:
- o in tr cch in t yu cu.
- Khng cn tp vt, tip a di ng.
- Kim tra u phn p.
- Cc u ni phi chnh xc,chc chn.
- Kim tra th t pha chnh xc.
- ng h v n hin th trng thi lm vic tt.
b. Kim tra my ct v aptomat:
Cc my ct v aptomat lm vic tin cy.
c. Kim tra my ct u cc my pht:
- C cu truyn ng lm vic tt: khng kt, khi a vo lm vic tip
im lin ng trng thi tc ng bo my ct vo v tr lm vic.
V tr gi tr my ct c ch th chnh xc.
- Mch iu khin my ct sn sng.
- Cu ch mch iu khin nguyn vn.
- Ch iu khin ca my ct t ti v tr AUTO.
d. Kim tra cc thit b trong t:
- Cc bng mch vn nguyn vn.
- Cc tip xc ca thanh ci mt chiu v xoay chiu u chc chn.
- Cc b lm mt ca h thng kch t sn sng lm vic.
e. Kim tra h thng iu khin:
- Ngun iu khin mt chiu v xoay chiu ng.
- Cc ngun mi t ,chiu sng v sy t ng.
- H thng iu khin v kt ni giao din sn sng lm vic.
- Khng cn li trn cc bng iu khin.

II.
-

Khi ng h thng kch t:

1. Quy nh khi khi ng:

My ct kch t ang trng thi ng.
Vn tc quay ca my pht ln hn 95% gi tr nh mc.
C ngun khi ng kch t.
2. Cc bc khi ng kch t:
H thng kch t c a vo trng thi d phng nng.
Trng ca ca nh my bo iu vin v vic khi ng t my.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

- Trng ca nh my nhn bo co v s sn sng khi ng h thng kch

thch cng nh cc h thng khc ca my pht in do trng kp qun
l, kim tra v bo co.
- Cc tham s iu chnh, tham s t, tham s chiu v cc la chn trn
mn hnh iu khin ca h thng sn sng.
- H thng kch t c la chn ch t ng (AUTO). Nhn vin vn
hnh la chn ch ny trn bng iu khin chnh. Qu trnh khi ng
thc hin theo trnh t khi ng khi.
- Nhn vin vn hnh iu khin in p u cc my pht phi hp vi
iu khin tc Tuabin chun b ho my pht in.
- H thng kch t c iu khin bng tay cng ging nh khi iu khin
ch t ng. Ch khc l lnh khi ng c ngi vn hnh a ra
bng cch kch chut vo nt START trn mn hnh iu khin khi cc
thng s my pht in t n gi tr yu cu.
- Nhn vin vn hnh theo di v ghi li cc gi tr thng s v in p,
dng in trong khi khi ng h thng kch t.
- Theo di nhit ca cc b chnh lu, ca my bin p kch t hin th
trn cc t iu khin.
- Theo di ch chy ca cc qut lm mt cho cc thyristor ca b bin
i, v cc qut lm mt cho my bin p kch t.

III. iu chnh h thng kch t:

- H thng kch t c th c iu khin cc ch bng
tay( MANUAL), v t ng (AUTO). Nhn vin vn hnh la chn ch
ny trn mn hnh DCS, hoc ti t kch t .
- Tu theo yu cu iu chnh in p ca my pht trong nh my in m
Trng ca, Trng kp in ra lnh tng hoc gim kch t my pht. Tuy
nhin vic iu chnh in p v cng sut phn khng ca nh my phi
c s ng hoc ra lnh ca iu vin H thng in quc gia.
- Trong ch vn hnh bng tay nhn vin vn hnh c th tng hoc gim
kch t my pht t Panel iu khin ti t kch t, hoc t mn hnh iu
khin DCS.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

IV. Nhng quy nh chung khi vn hnh h thng kch t:

-

B t ng iu chnh kch t cng ton b trang b ca n, b gii hn

dng kch t ln nht (OEL) v b gii hn kch t nh nht (UEL) ca h
thng kch t phi c ng vo lm vic thng xuyn. Khng c
ngt ra k c khi ngng hoc ang vn hnh my pht in. Ch cho php
ct b t ng iu chnh kch t khi kim tra hoc sa cha.
S tc ng ca b t ng iu chnh kch t phi c lin quan cht ch
vi cc b t ng iu chnh in p v cng sut phn khng ca ton
nh my.

B t ng iu chnh kch thch lm vic phi c hiu chnh sao cho

khi in p ca li in gim ti mc quy nh vn m bo c:

in p kch thch gii hn.

Tc tng in p kch thch theo tr s quy nh.
Khi h thng kch t lm vic lun m bo h thng dit t sn sng lm
vic tin cy, thng xuyn gim bt s tc ng ca in p tng cao
dy qun kch t khi dng my pht in ang mang ti.
Trong thi gian vn hnh my pht in phi kim tra: nhng thng s v
dng in v in p ca h thng kch t. Nhn vin vn hnh phi ghi
chp cc thng s trn cc ng h bo vo s trc ka.
Khi xut hin chm t trong mch kch thch m bo v khng tc ng
th phi gim ti, ct my pht ra khi li in v a ra sa cha, nhanh
chng xc nh v tr v tnh cht h hng.
Khng cho php my pht lm vic ch khng ng b khng c
kch thch.

V.
-

Dng h thng kch t:

1. Dng t ng:
Trong trng hp ny h thng kch t my pht lm vic theo tun t
ngng khi.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

-

Khi lnh dng khi tuabin my pht c a ra, qu trnh gim ti c

thc hin trong mt thi gian nht nh: Bao gm c cng sut tc dng v
phn khng.
Tip lnh ct c gi n cc my ct u cc my pht.
Ton b h thng kch t dng: n ch th trn bng iu khin khi bo
, mn hnh hin th trng thi trn t iu khin ti ch, mn hnh iu
khin DCS t ti phng iu khin trung tm bo h thng dng.
2. Dng bng tay:
a. Dng bng tay:
Trnh t dng c thc hin tun t theo cc bc ngng t ng ch
khc khi tc my pht t n tc yu cu, nhn vin vn hnh
phi kch chut vo nt STOP trn mn hnh iu khin DCS t ti
phng iu khin trung tm .
b. Dng ti ch:
Ngng ti bng iu khin ti ch t kch t bng cch n nt STOP.

VI. Kim tra khi vn hnh:

-

1. Kim tra ti phng iu khin trung tm:

Khng c tn hiu cnh bo.
Khng c b iu chnh no dng hot ng.
in p ca h thng, in p u cc, v cng ca my pht, dng kch
t n nh v nm trong phm vi cho php.
2. Kim tra ti phng thit b:
Khng c tn hiu cnh bo bt thng.
ng h o khng dao dng bt thng.
Qut gi vn hnh bnh thng.
Khng c m thanh hoc mi l.
Nhit , m, a chn ca mi trng bnh thng.
Khi ang vn hnh c th phn on tnh trng lm vic ca my bin p
thng qua m thanh ca MBA.
tng nhit ca cc b phn bnh thng.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

VII. Bo dng h thng kch t:

1. Bo dng theo nh k:
a. Cc iu kin an ton khi tin hnh bo dng:
Ch nhng ngi c hun luyn v bo dng h thng kch t mi
c php tin hnh cc cng vic trong h thng kch t my pht.
Khi tin hnh cng vic bo dng phi m bo tt c cc ngun cp n
thit b cn bo dng ct ht, cc tip a cn thit c lp t.
Khng c s dng my nn kh v sinh bi bn trn thit b in t
trong cc t ca h thng kch t my pht .
Khng s dng giy rp hoc bt mi nh, mi tip im ca cc rle
v cng tc t.
Cm la v cc tc nhn gy khi trong phng thit b iu khin kch t.
b. Ni dung tin hnh bo dng nh k:
H thng kch t s dng trong nh my Nhit in Nng Sn l h thng
kch t tnh ngoi tr nhng phn c tnh cht ng nh: rle, cc cng tc
t, cc b qut. Do cng vic bo dng cho h thng kch thch c
gim thiu i rt nhiu.
Bo dng nh k nhm ngn nga, pht hin v khc phc kp thi cc
hin tng, iu kin lm vic khng bnh thng c th dn n cc thit
b trong h thng kch t b li khi vn hnh.
Thi gian tin hnh bo dng nh k i vi h thng kch t ph thuc
phn ln vo iu kin mi trng lm vic v yu cu vn hnh ca my
pht. Vi iu kin lm vic bnh thng v chu k dng bo dng ca
my pht l 12 thng/ ln.
c. Cc cng vic khi tin hnh bo dng nh k:
Ct tt c cc ngun cp n t m nhn vin bo dng tin hnh cng
vic.
Lau chi bi, bn trong t v trn cc thit b in.
Lau sch hoc thay th cc tm lc kh ca cc t nu cn.
Kim tra tt c cc c vt lp g thit b nu thy c hin tng rung.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t

Kim tra s nguyn vn ca cc dy, cp ni v: B mt cch in, mu

sc, xc hoc t dy.
- Kim tra cc bng mch in v v bc, tnh trng cc thit b: cng, gic
cm, cp ni, hng kp v v tr.
- Kim tra s lm vic ca cc qut lm mt v iu kin lm vic, chiu
quay.
- Kim tra tnh trng bt thng ca cc tip im cng tc t v rle khi
m v: mu sc v nhm b mt ca cc tip im. Nu xut hin cc
ht h quang sinh ra trong qu trnh ng ct th s dng da c chng
nh bng cc ht ny.
- Kim tra iu kin lm vic ca cc b sy t bng: nguyn vn, khng c
ng sng.
-

Kim tra gi tr chnh nh ca cc rle bo v ring bit theo hng dn

ca nh ch to.
Kim tra cc ng h o: mt knh phi sng, bn trong phi sch.
Kim tra b pht hin chm t.
2. Bo dng nng h thng kch t:
Khi cn a ra bo dng hoc sa cha mt b iu khin trong khi h
thng kch t vn lm vic ch kch t bnh thng. Nu cn a
mt b iu khin kch t AVR-1 ra bo dng, trc tin ta chuyn
quyn iu khin t AVR-1 sang AVR-2 thng qua bng iu khin ti
ch t kch t hay bn iu khin chnh ti phng iu khin trung tm.

Hng dn vn hnh v bo dng h thng kch t