FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS AND PHYSICAL DATA

Gravitational constant................................................................................. G = 6.67  10
11 N  m 2 kg2

Constant in Coulomb’s Law ...................................................................... k = 9.00
10 9 N  m 2 C2

Elementary charge....................................................................................... e = 1.60  10
19 C

Mass of electron ......................................................................................... me = 9.11  10
31 kg

Mass of proton ........................................................................................... m p = 1.67  10
27 kg

Permeability of free space .......................................................................... μ o = 4  10
7 T  m A

Speed of light.............................................................................................. c = 3.00
108 m s

Earth
radius ............................................................................................ = 6.38
10 6 m
mass .............................................................................................. = 5.98
10 24 kg
acceleration due to gravity at the surface of Earth
(for the purposes of this examination) .................................. g = 9.80 m s 2
period of rotation.......................................................................... = 8.61
10 4 s
radius of orbit around Sun ........................................................... = 1.50
1011 m
period of orbit around Sun........................................................... = 3.16
10 7 s

Moon
radius ............................................................................................ = 1.74
10 6 m
mass .............................................................................................. = 7.35
10 22 kg
period of rotation.......................................................................... = 2.36
10 6 s
radius of orbit around Earth......................................................... = 3.84
108 m
period of orbit around Earth......................................................... = 2.36
10 6 s

Sun
mass .............................................................................................. = 1.98
10 30 kg

Physics 12 Data Page 1

 MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

METRIC PREFIXES
Prefix Symbol Numerical Exponential

mega M 1 000 000 10 6

kilo k 1 000 10 3
hecto h 100 10 2
deca da 10 10 1
1 10 0
deci d 0.1 10 – 1
centi c 0.01 10 – 2
milli m 0.001 10 – 3
micro μ 0.000001 10 – 6

For Right-angled Triangles:

a2 + b2 = c2

b a b
sin
= cos
= tan
=
c c a

1
area = ab
2

For All Triangles:

1
area = base  height
2

sin A sin B sin C

Sine Law : = =
a b c

Cosine Law : c 2 = a 2 + b 2
2 ab cos C

Circle:
Circumference = 2
r

Area =
r 2

Quadratic Equation:

b ± b 2
4ac
If ax 2 + bx + c = 0, then x =
2a

Data Page 2 Physics 12

 PHYSICS FORMULAE

Vector Kinematics in Two Dimensions: Gravitation:

v + v0 m1m2 m1m2
v = v0 + at v= F=G Ep =
G
2 r2 r
1
v 2 = v0 2 + 2ad d = v0 t + at 2
2

Electrostatics:

Q1Q2 F kQ
Vector Dynamics: F=k E= E=
r2 Q r2
Fnet = ma Fg = mg
Ep
V

V = E=
Ffr = μFN Q d
Q1Q2 kQ
Ep = k V=
r r
Work, Energy, and Power:

W = Fd Ep = mgh Electric Circuits:

W Q
I= V = IR
1
Ek = mv 2 P=
2
t
t

Vterminal =  ± Ir P = VI

Momentum:

p = mv
p = F
t
Electromagnetism:

F = BI l F = QvB
Equilibrium:
B = μ0 n I = μ0
N
I  = Bl v
l

= Fd
 = BA  =
N 
t

Circular Motion: Vback = 
Ir

Vs N s I p
1 = =
T= Vp N p I s
f
v 2 4
2r
ac = = 2
r T

Physics 12 Data Page 3

 ROUGH WORK FOR MULTIPLE-CHOICE

Data Page 4 Physics 12