TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

1. Solve the equation 4 sin 4 θ + 5 = 7 cos 2 θ for 0 ο ≤ θ ≤ 360 ο . [5 marks]

Solution:
4 sin 4 θ + 5 = 7 cos 2 θ
(
4 sin 4 θ + 5 = 7 1 − sin 2 θ ) B1
4 sin θ + 7 sin θ − 2 = 0
4 2

(4 sinθ − 1)(sin 2 θ + 2) = 0
2
M1
Since − 1 ≤ sin θ ≤ 1 , so 0 ≤ sin 2 θ ≤ 1 .
1
∴ sin 2 θ = A1
4
1
sin θ = ± A1
2
For 0 ≤ θ ≤ 360 ο , θ = 30 ο ,150 ο ,210 ο ,330 ο .
ο
A1 5

2. Two forces (2i + j) N and (− i + λj) N acting on a particle. Given that the angle between
 1 
the two forces is cos −1  −  , find the exact value of the constant λ . [4 marks]
 5
Hence, find the third force acting on the particle such that the particle is in equilibrium.
[2 marks]

Solution:
Let F1 = 2i + j and F2 = −i + λj
So, F1 = 5 and F2 = 1 + λ 2 B1
Using F1 ⋅ F2 = F1 F2 cos θ
 2   − 1 1
  ⋅   = 5 × 1 + λ 2 × M1
1   λ  5
− 2 + λ = 1 + λ2 A1
4 − 4λ + λ 2 = 1 + λ 2
3
λ= A1
4

The particle is in equilibrium if F3 = −(F1 + F2 ) . That is,

  3 
F3 = − (2i + j) +  − i + j  M1
  4 
7
= −i − j A1 6
4

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

3. Express sin 3 x + 2 cos 3x in the form of R sin (3x + α ) where R > 0 and α is an acute
angle. [4 marks]
ο ο
Hence, find all the values of x in the interval 0 ≤ x ≤ 180 which satisfy the equation
sin 3 x + 2 cos 3 x = 1 . [3 marks]

Solution:
Let sin 3x + 2 cos 3x ≡ R sin (3x + α )
sin 3 x + 2 cos 3 x ≡ R sin 3 x cos α + R cos 3 x sin α
∴ R cos α = 1 and R sin α = 2 B1
R= 5 M1
tan α = 2 ⇒ α = 63.4 ο M1
(
∴ sin 3 x + 2 cos 3 x ≡ 5 sin 3 x + 63.4 ο ) A1

( )
sin 3 x + 2 cos 3 x = 1 can be written as 5 sin 3 x + 63.4 ο = 1 .

(
So, sin 3 x + 63.4 ο = ) 1
M1
5
3 x + 63.4 = 153.4 ,386.6 ο ,513.4 ο
ο ο
M1
ο ο ο
3 x = 90.0 ,323.2 ,450.0
x = 30.0 ο ,107.7 ο ,150.0 ο A1 7

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

4. A, B and C are the vertices of a triangle. The position vectors of A, B and C with respect
to O are a, b and c respectively. X and Y are the mid-points of BC and AC respectively. G is a
2
point on AX such that AG = AX .
3
(a) Show that the position vector of G is (a + b + c ) .
1
[4 marks]
3
(b) Show that B, G and Y are collinear and find the ratio BG : BY . [6 marks]

Solution:
A

2 Y
G
1
B X C
(a) The position vector of G is OG where
OG = OA + AG
2
= a + AX M1
3
= a + (AB + BX )
2
3
2 1 
= a +  b − a + BC  M1
3 2 
2 
= a +  b − a + (c − b )
1
M1
3 2 
1 1 1
= a+ b+ c
3 3 3 A1
= (a + b + c )
1
3

(b) BG = OG − OB
= (a + b + c ) − b
1
M1
3
= (a − 2b + c )
1
3
BY = BA + AY
= a – b + (c − a )
1
M1
2
= (a − 2b + c )
1
A1
2
∴ BG = × (a − 2b + c ) = BY
2 1 2
M1
3 2 3
∴ BG // BY and thus BG//BY.
Since there is a common point B, therefore B, G and Y are collinear. A1
BG : BY = 2 : 3
10
A1

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

5. The diagram below shows a circle with diameter BC and centre O. Triangle ABO is an
equilateral triangle. The lines AD and CD are tangents to the circle at A and C respectively.
(a) Prove that OD bisects angle AOC. [4 marks]
(b) Prove that triangle ACD is an equilateral triangle. [3 marks]
(c) Prove that A,O,C and D are concyclic. [2 marks]
D

B C
O

Solution:
(a) In ∆OAD dan ∆OCD ,
OD = OD Common side B1
OA = OC Radii of the same circle
OA ⊥ AD dan OC ⊥ CD Radius ⊥ tangent at tangential point
B1
∴ ∠OAD = ∠OCD = 90 ο
∴ ∆OAD ≅ ∆OCD RHS B1
∴ ∠AOD = ∠COD
B1
∴ OD bisects ∠AOC

(b)
∠ABO = 60 ο Interior angle of equilateral ∆ AOC
∠DAC = ∠ABO = 60 ο Angles in alternate segments B1
∠DCA = ∠ABO = 60 ο Angles in alternate segments
∴ ∠ADC = 60 ο Sum of angles of a triangle B1
∴ ∆ACD is an equilateral All interior angles are equal (60o)
B1
triangle

(c)
∠OAD + ∠OCD = 90 ο + 90 ο
B1
= 180 ο
∴ AOCD is a cyclic quad. Sum of opp. angles = 180o
B1 9
∴ A, O, C and D are concyclic

GPC / SMK SEAFIELD 2010 4

TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

6. A rectangular tank has a horizontal base of area 5 m2. Water is flowing into the tank at a
constant rate of 0.1 m3s−1. At the same time, water is flowing out at a rate proportional to the
depth of water in the tank. At time t seconds, the depth of water in the tank is x m.
Initially, the depth of water in the tank is 1 m and is decreasing at a rate of 0.02 ms−1.
Show that
= − (2 x − 1) .
dx 1
[5 marks]
dt 50
Hence, solve the differential equation, expressing x in terms of t. [5 marks]
Sketch the solution curve. [2 marks]

Solution:
dV
Volume of water in the tank, V= 5x. Therefore, = 5.
dx
Rate of change of volume of water in the tank,
dV
= 0.1 − kx B1
dt
= (0.1 − kx )
dV dV dx dx 1
Using = × , we have M1
dt dx dt dt 5
dx
When t = 0, x = 1 and = −0.02 .
dt
Thus, − 0.02 = (0.1 − k )
1 M1
5
k = 0.2 A1
= (0.1 − 0.2 x )
dx 1
Therefore,
dt 5
A1
= − (2 x − 1) (Shown)
dx 1
dt 50

dx 1
∫ 2 x − 1 = − 50 ∫ dt M1

ln (2 x − 1) = − t + C
1 1
M1
2 50
When t = 0, x = 1, thus C = 0.
∴ ln (2 x − 1) = − t
1 1 A1
2 50
t
−
2x − 1 = e 25
M1
1  
t
−
x= 1+ e 25  A1
2  

x

1
D2
0.5
12
t
0

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

A and B are two events such that P ( A) = , P (B ) = and P ( A ∪ B ) = . Find

1 2 7
7.
3 5 15
(a) P( A ∩ B ) , [2 marks]
(b) P(B A′) . [4 marks]

Solution:
P( A ∩ B ) =
1 2 7
(a) + − M1
3 5 15
4
= A1
15
(b) P ( B ∩ A′ ) = P ( B ) − P ( B ∩ A)
2 4
= − M1
5 15
2
=
15
2
P(B A′) = 15
M1
1
1− B1
3
2 3
= ×
15 2
1 6
= A1
5

8. A table has eight chairs. Four chairs are facing the window and the other four are not
facing the window. Six men and two women are to sit on the chairs at random.
(a) Find the probability that the two women are seated facing each other directly.
[2 marks]
(b) Find the probability that the two women are seated side by side. [3 marks]

Solution:
(a) W M M M

W M M M

6!×4 × 2! M1
P(2W seated facing each other) =
8!
5760 1
= = A1
40320 7
6!×2!×3 × 2 M1A1
(b) P(2W seated side by side) =
8!
8640 3
=
40320 14
= A1 5

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

9. A television network claims that its Saturday night movie regularly has 25% of the total
viewing audience. Assuming that this claim is true. find the probability that, among 10
randomly selected viewers on a Saturday night,
(a) none of them was watching the network’s movie, [2 marks]
(b) between 3 and 5 (inclusive) viewers were watching the network’s movie.[3 marks]
300 viewers were reached by phone on a Saturday night. Use a suitable approximation,
find the probability that at least 62 were watching the network’s movie. [5 marks]

Solution:
Let X = the number of viewers watching the network’s Saturday night movie.
Then, X ~ B (10, 0.25).
(a) P( X = 0 ) = 0.7510 M1
= 0.0563 A1

(b) P(3 ≤ X ≤ 5) = P( X = 3) + P( X = 4) + P( X = 5) B1
= 10 C 3 (0.25) (0.75) + 10 C 4 (0.25) (0.75) + 10 C 5 (0.25) (0.75)
3 7 4 6 5 5
M1
= 0.455 A1

n = 300
np = 75 > 5 , nq = 225 > 5 ⇒ use normal approximation
X ~ N (75, 56.25) B1
P( X ≥ 62) = P( X > 61.5) B1
 61.5 − 75 
= P Z >  M1
 7 .5 
= P(Z > −1.8)
= 1 − P(Z > 1.8) M1
= 1 − 0.03593
= 0.96407
≈ 0.964 A1 10

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

10. A hospital receives an average of 15 emergency calls per hour. Assuming that the
number of emergency calls follows a Poisson distribution, find
(a) the probability that there are exactly 6 emergency calls in half an hour, [3 marks]
(b) the smallest number n such that the probability of receiving more than n
emergency calls in 10 minutes is less than 0.2. [5 marks]

Solution:
(a) Let X = the number of emergency calls in half an hour.
Then, X ~ Po(7.5). B1
e −7.5 × 7.5 6
P( X = 6 ) = M1
6!
= 0.1367 A1

(b) Let Y = the number of emergency calls in 10 minutes.

Then, Y ~ Po(2.5). B1
P(Y > n ) < 0.2
∴ P(Y ≤ n ) > 0.8 B1
n P( X = n ) P( X ≤ n )
−2.5
0 e = 0.0821 0.0821
−2.5
1 e ⋅ 2.5 = 0.2052 0.2873
−2.5
e ⋅ 2 .5 2 0.5438
2 = 0.2565
2! M1A1
−2.5
e ⋅ 2 .5 3
3 = 0.2138 0.7576
3!
e −2.5 ⋅ 2.5 4 0.8912
4 = 0.1336
4!

The smallest number n is 4. A1 8

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

11. A continuous random variable X has the following cumulative distribution function.
0, x<0

F ( x ) = 1 − k (3 − x ) , 0 ≤ x ≤ 3
2

1, x>3

(a) Find the value of k. [2 marks]
(b) Find P( X > 1.5) . [3 marks]
(c) Find m, the median of X. [3 marks]
(d) Find the probability density function of X. [2 marks]

Solution:
(a) 1 − k (3 − 0 ) = 0
2
M1
1
k= A1
9

(b) P( X > 1.5) = 1 − P( X ≤ 1.5)

= 1 − F (1.5) B1
 1 
= 1 − 1 − (3 − 1.5)2  M1
 9 
= 0.25 A1

(c) F (m ) = 0.5

1 − (3 − m ) = 0.5
1 2
M1
9
(3 − m )2 = 4.5
3 − m = 4 .5 M1
m ≈ 0.879 A1

d  1 2
(d) For 0 ≤ x ≤ 3 , f ( x) = 1 − (3 − x ) 
dx  9 
= (3 − x )
2
M1
9
2
 (3 − x ), 0 ≤ x ≤ 3
∴ f ( x) =  9 A1
0, otherwise 10

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

12. The following table shows the rainfall (in mm) in a particular region of Malaysia
measured daily over a period of 60 days.

Rainfall (mm) Number of days

201 – 220 8
221 – 240 21
241 – 260 15
261 – 280 10
281 – 300 4
301 – 320 2

(a) Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the rainfall. [5 marks]
(b) Draw a cumulative frequency curve. [3 marks]
(c) Use your graph in part (b) to estimate the median. [2 marks]
(d) By comparing the mean and the median, comment on the skewness of the
distribution. [2 marks]

Solution:
(a) n = 60 , ∑ fx = 14770 , ∑ fx 2
= 3673555
14770
x= M1
60
= 246.17 mm A1
2
3673555  14770 
s= −  B1M1
60  60 
= 25.06 mm A1

(b) Graph D3
Rainfall (mm) Cumulative frequency
< 200.5 0
< 220.5 8
< 240.5 29
< 260.5 44
< 280.5 54
< 300.5 58
< 320.5 60

(c) Median = 241.5 mm M1A1

(d) mean = 246.17

Median = 241.5
M1
Median < Mean
Thus, the distribution is skewed to the right. A1 12

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TRIAL STPM 2010 MARKING SCHEME 954/2

Cumulative
Frequency

D1 – Scales + labels
D1 – 7 points including (200.5, 0)
D1 – Smooth curve passing through all the points

60 ×
×
×
50

×
40

30 ×

20

10
×

×
200.5 220.5 240.5 260.5 280.5 300.5 320.5
Rainfall (mm)

GPC / SMK SEAFIELD 2010 11