BEHAVIOR

Tan Nguyen
INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR

Instinct  innate, inherited  every organism has some basic instinct

Fixed-action patterns  stereotypical behaviors that are triggered by specific

stimuli.

Example: birds, human.

Imprinting  recognition of some object as “mother” when it’s seen during a

critical time shortly after birth.
 Learned behaviors
Habituation occurs when a non-harmful stimulus is repeated over and over again and
the organism leans to ignore it.

Learning types
Conditioning  specific stimulus – specific behavior
• Classical Conditioning: tap on the tank  food  swim to the surface. When
the fish hears the tap, they will swim to the surface.
• Operant conditioning: learning that occurs due to a reward or punishment
• Insight learning: approach new situations and figure out how to deal.
Plants
• Phototropism: grow toward light
• Positive gravitropism: roots point downward.
• Negative gravitropism: roots point upward.
• Thigmotropism: growth of plants along a surface.
• All are caused by auxins (hormone)
 Biological clocks
• It is instinctive
• Circadian rhythm.

Organism communicate
• Communicate using a chemical called pheromones
• Released by one member of a species
• Affects the behavior of the species in a predictable way.

Chemical signal Place Affects whon

Pheromones Outside the body Other members
Hormones Into the blood The organism
 Symbiosis
• Organism of different species share living space.
• Three types: Mutualism, parasitism, commensalism.
• Mutualism: both sides benefit
• Parasitism: one benefits while the other one gets harmed.
• Commensalism: one benefits and no effect on the other one.
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