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Bearing Assessment For Wartsila 20
Bearing Assessment For Wartsila 20
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Service, Wärtsilä Finland Oy Käyttöohje Driftsinstruktion
Engine section Engine type Ref. Date Issue Document No. Page
10, 11 & 14 W20 WFI–S 12.03.2004 01 2010Q003GB 1(9)
Bearing types Possible bearing types of the engine are shown in figure 1. The type of the
bearing has an influence on the visual wear pattern.
Inspection intervals Bearings are to be inspected according to the maintenance schedule. See
chapter 4 in the Engine Instruction Manual.
Bearings are formed to the housing and unnecessary bearing dismantling
should be avoided.
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 252 (Tarhaajantie 2) Telecop. +358 10 709 7355 Tel. +358 10 709 0000 Business ID 0773744-3
Service, Vaasa FIN-65101 Vaasa, Finland Telecop. +358 6 356 7339 Registered Office: Vaasa
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 50 (Stålarminkatu 45) Telecop. +358 10 709 3279 Tel. +358 10 709 0000
Service, Turku FIN-20811 Turku, Finland Telecop. +358 10 709 3410
Service, Wärtsilä Finland Oy Operating instruction
Issue Document No. Page
01 2010Q003GB 2(9)
Bearing designations It is recommended that new bearings are marked with an electrical
engraving pen, see also chapter 00 of the instruction manual. The big end
bearing should be marked with the cylinder number (figure 2) and the main
bearing should be marked with the bearing number (figure 3).
Safety check After fitting a bearing, the bearing temperatures has to be checked and
confirmed to be even between corresponding bearings:
- Run the engine for about 5 minutes up to nominal speed with no load.
- Follow the engine behaviour.
- Stop and check the bearing temperatures by hand or with a temperature
measuring device.
Service, Wärtsilä Finland Oy Operating instruction
Issue Document No. Page
01 2010Q003GB 3(9)
Bearing type
Big end bearings and main bearings are bimetal type bearings. See fig. 1.
Wear pattern
The typical wear pattern of bimetal sliding bearings is a slight polishing over
a broad arc on the most loaded area.
Measurement of bearing shell
A ball anvil micrometer should be used to measure bearing shell thickness.
Measure the thickness on a few points on both sides (A and C) and the
centre line (B) of the bearing as shown in figure 4.
Free spread of the bearing is shown in figure 5. The free spread of the
bearing has to be bigger than the inner diameter of the bearing housing.
See Measurement record 2010V005GB for main bearing and 2011V006GB
for big end bearing.
Notes:
- In case of doubt of the bearing condition, the bearing should be
replaced to avoid consequential damage.
- If there are scratches on the journal, it should be polished.
Service, Wärtsilä Finland Oy Operating instruction
Issue Document No. Page
01 2010Q003GB 4(9)
Wear pattern
Typical wear pattern of the small end bearings is two parabolas closing to
each other in the middle of the bearing on the most loaded side. In trimetal
bearings the wear pattern is more visible. See wear patterns in figures 6
and 7.
Cavitation
Cavitation is a phenomenon related to vaporisation pressure of the lube oil.
Cavitation bubbles are formed when lube oil pressure decreases below the
vaporisation pressure. When the local pressure rises above the vaporisation
pressure, the bubbles will collapse and cause erosion wear of the material.
Cavitation phenomenon is influenced by:
- Big clearance
- Incorrect lube oil pressure
- Vaporisation pressure of the lube oil has decreased (for instance
water/air in the oil, high oil temperature or dirty oil).
Fatigue
Fatigue in the bearing surface layer begins with micro cracks, which are
hardly visible without a microscope. These cracks will grow until the bearing
layer starts to peel off in small flakes.
Fatigue is influenced by:
- Low viscosity of lube oil
- Bearing overload
- Improper bearing clearance
- High lube oil temperature
Fatigue on the bearing develops rather fast and will likely lead to bearing
failure. The bearings are to be replaced whenever fatigue marks are visible.
Fatigue damage is shown in figure 12.
Solid particles
If solid particles are bigger than the oil film thickness, they will scratch the
sliding surfaces or get embedded in the overlay material. See figure 13.
The origin of solid particles could be:
- Dirt from overhauling
- Particles passing the filtrations
- Particles from the combustion process
- Wear particles from engine
Corrosion
Corrosion is the result whenever chemical reaction with the environment
predominates. For example, an aluminium sliding surface is sensitive to
water and cooling water additives.
Fretting
Fretting might occur on the back of the bearing if there is micro movement
between the housing and the bearing.
Possible reasons for fretting:
- Low tightening torque of the screws
- Low surface roughness
- Improper assembly of the bearing
- Reassembling of bearing with too low free spread
- Dirt between the bearing and the housing
If this kind of wear pattern occurs, the reason should be investigated and
corrected if necessary.
Usually this kind of error can also be identified by the contact pattern on the
back of the bearing.
No Part of this publication may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, graphic,
photocopying, recording, taping or other information retrieval systems) without the prior written permission of the copyright
holder. Wärtsilä Finland Oy makes no representation, warranty (express or implied) in this publication and assumes no
responsibility for the correctness, errors or omissions for information contained herein. Information in this publication is
subject to change without notice.
Bearing number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A1
A2
A3
A4
Bearing B1
thickness B2
(deviation in B3
1/100 mm) B4
C1
C2
C3
C4
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Shaft designations:
The diameter to be measured in 4 directions, fill in the min and max measure in the table.
Bearing number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
D min
Journal D max
diameter E min
(deviation in E max
1/100 mm) F max
F max
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Date of measurement: Place: Name:
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 252 (Tarhaajantie 2) Telecop. +358 10 709 7355 Tel. +358 10 709 0000 Business ID 0773744-3
Service, Vaasa FIN-65101 Vaasa, Finland Telecop. +358 6 356 7339 Registered Office: Vaasa
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 50 (Stålarminkatu 45) Telecop. +358 10 709 3279 Tel. +358 10 709 0000
Service, Turku FIN-20811 Turku, Finland Telecop. +358 10 709 3410
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Service, Wärtsilä Finland Oy
Engine section Engine type Ref. Date Issue Document No. Page
11 Crank Mechanism 20 WFI–S 12.03.2004 01 2011V006GB 1(1)
Cylinder number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A1
A2
A3
A4
Bearing shell B1
thickness B2
(deviation in B3
1/100 mm) B4
C1
C2
C3
C4
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Shaft designation:
The diameter to be measured in 4 directions, fill in the min and max measure in the table.
Cylinder number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
D min
D max
Pin diameter
E min
(deviation in
E max
1/100 mm)
F max
F max
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Date of measurement: Place: Name:
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 252 (Tarhaajantie 2) Telecop. +358 10 709 7355 Tel. +358 10 709 0000 Business ID 0773744-3
Service, Vaasa FIN-65101 Vaasa, Finland Telecop. +358 6 356 7339 Registered Office: Vaasa
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 50 (Stålarminkatu 45) Telecop. +358 10 709 3279 Tel. +358 10 709 0000
Service, Turku FIN-20811 Turku, Finland Telecop. +358 10 709 3410
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Cylinder number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
A1
A2
Bearing A3
diameter A4
(deviation in B1
1/100 mm) B2
B3
B4
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Pin designations:
Cylinder number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
C min
Gudgeon pin C max
diameter D min
(deviation in D max
1/100 mm) E min
E max
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 252 (Tarhaajantie 2) Telecop. +358 10 709 7355 Tel. +358 10 709 0000 Business ID 0773744-3
Service, Vaasa FIN-65101 Vaasa, Finland Telecop. +358 6 356 7339 Registered Office: Vaasa
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 50 (Stålarminkatu 45) Telecop. +358 10 709 3279 Tel. +358 10 709 0000
Service, Turku FIN-20811 Turku, Finland Telecop. +358 10 709 3410
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Service, Wärtsilä Finland Oy
Engine section Engine type Ref. Date Issue Document No. Page
14 Valve Mechansim, Camshaft 20 WFI–S 12.03.2004 01 2014V008GB 1(1)
Bearing designations:
Bearing number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A1
A2
Bearing A3
diameter A4
(deviation in B1
1/100 mm) B2
B3
B4
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Shaft designations:
Bearing number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Camshaft C min
diameter C max
(deviation in D min
1/100 mm) D max
Component running hours:
Remarks/ Manufact. No:
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 252 (Tarhaajantie 2) Telecop. +358 10 709 7355 Tel. +358 10 709 0000 Business ID 0773744-3
Service, Vaasa FIN-65101 Vaasa, Finland Telecop. +358 6 356 7339 Registered Office: Vaasa
Wärtsilä Finland Oy P.O. Box 50 (Stålarminkatu 45) Telecop. +358 10 709 3279 Tel. +358 10 709 0000
Service, Turku FIN-20811 Turku, Finland Telecop. +358 10 709 3410