“(14)&uf/ (11)v/ 2010 ckESpfwGif jynfolvlxkodkŒ

ajym-um;aom a':atmifqef;pk-unf. rdeŒf cGe;f ESihf

'kw,
d ajrmuf Ekid if aH &;rdeŒf cGe;f ”
trsK;d om;'Dru
kd a&pDtzGŒJ csKyf (vGwaf jrmufe,fajr) A[do
k wif;ESihf jyef-um;a&;@merS
xkwaf 0jzef‹cso
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 a':atmifqef;pk-unf. aetdrt
f cs,cf sKyfrS vGwaf jrmufvm_yD;aemuf jynfov
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yxrOD;qk;H ajym-um;aom rdeŒf cGe;f
“'Dvkd u|erf wd@k ukd vmaxmufcw
H t hJ wGuf aus;Zl;wifwphJ um;eJ@yJ p˜yg&ap? yxrOD;qk;H
taeeJ@ ajym&rSmu tm;vk;H udk aus;Zl;wifygw,fv@kd ajymyg&ap? wpfa,muf wpfa,mufukd
rawGŒ&wm awmfawmf =umyg+yD æ 'gayr,hf b,favmufyJ rawGŒ&wm=um=um u|erf tay:rSm
jynfoal wG&hJ xm;wJh arwWmeJ@ ,k=H unfcsuf t& u|erf wd@k cdik cf ikd rf mrm &Swd ,fqw kd m awG@&vd@k
tifr wefrS pdwcf sr;f omygw,f? tifrwefrS tm;wuf&ygw,f? u|erf wd@k vkycf siw f hJ tvkyu
f kd
vkyzf @kd q&kd if jynfoal wGu bmvdck siv f q
J wkd m u|erf wd@k odygw,f? odw,fv@kd xifw,faemf
bmvdck siv f qJ w
kd m

(odygw,f ææ 'Dru
kd a&pD ææ jynforl sm;)

vdck siw f mawmh od+yD vdck siw f hJ [mudk &atmif b,fvkd vkyrf vJ qdw k m odz@kd yd+k y;D awmh
ta&;}uD;w,f? u|erf tjrifrmS awmh edik if aH &; qdw k m oif,al &;yJ “oif,&l r,f“ u|erf c%/
c% ajymzl;ygw,f? u|erf wd@k vli,fawGe@J pum; ajymwJt h cg us&if vlaumif;&,fv@kd / vlq;kd
&,fv@kd tJ'v D kd r,kbH ;l / t,kH t=unfr&Sb d ;l / vlawmf&,fv@kd vln&hH ,fv@kd t,kt H =unfr&Sb d ;l ?
oifv@kd &wJo h el @J oifv@kd r&wJo h vl @kd u|erf jrifygw,f u|erf wd@k jynfoal wG oifv@kd &
w,fv@kd u|erf wd@k ,k=H unfygw,f? vdck si¶f eHk @J rjzpfao;bl;/ ud, k v
f ckd siwf m&atmif b,fvv kd yk f
&rvJ? vkyw f t hJ cg rSeuf efwehJ nf;eJ@ vkyaf pvdyk gw,f? tJvkd u|erf ajymwm[m rSeu f efwehJ nf;eJ@
vkyzf @kd bmjzpfv@kd vdo k vJq&kd if ody+f yD;awmh ud, k ufh ,kd u f kd olawmfaumif;}uD;/ bm}uD; 'Dvykd pHk H
xGucf siv f @kd r[kwb f ;l ? u|erf &Jt h awGŒtóuHt& rSeu f efwehJ nf;vrf;eJ@ rvkyv f @kd &&dS if ud,
k yfh ef;
wdik u
f b,favmufyaJ umif;ygap yef;wdik yf g aemufusawmh auGŒaumuf+yD;awmh ysupf ;D oGm;
&w,f?
tJ'ga=umihf rd@k v@kd rSeu f efwhJ enf;vrf;eJ@ ud, k v f ckd siw
f m &atmifv@kd u|erf wd@k vky&f r,f?
'Dawmh wpfcsKd Œu u|erf udk ar;csiw f hJ ar;cGe;f awG trsm;}u;D &Sw d ,fqw kd m u|erf odygw,f? u|erf
uvnf; jynfo&l hJ toHukd em;axmifcsiyf gw,f? cufwmu tm;vk;H 0dik ;f atmfaeawmh bmawG
ajym=urSe;f u|erf rodb;l ? jynfoal wG&hJ toHawGukd tck em;axmifyikd cf iG &fh r,fv@kd u|erf ar#mf
vihyf gw,f? 'Dvkd txde;f odr;f cHae&wJh tcsed af wGrmS vnf; u|erf toHviG fh XmeawGukd aocsm
em;axmif+yD;awmh jynfol awGu bmajymae=uvnf; bmvdck si=f uvJ/ bmvdck si=f uvJ qdw k m
ae@wikd ;f / ae@wikd ;f avhvmaeygw,f? wpfae@ ig;em&D/ ajcmufem&Davmuf em;axmifae&awmh
b,favmuf +iD;aiGŒp&maumif;ovJv@kd ? 'gayr,hf jynfo@l rsuEf mS eJ@ em;axmifaewm?

2
 txde;f odr;f cHae&wJh tcsed af wGrmS vnf; u|erf toHviG Xfh meawGukd aocsmem;axmif
+yD;awmh jynfol awGu bmajymae=uvnf; bmvdck si=f uvJ/ bmvdck si=f uvJqw kd m ae@wikd ;f /
ae@wikd ;f avhvmaeygw,f? jynfoal wG bmvdck siv f J qdwk m u|erf twdik ;f twm wpfct k xdawmh
odw,fv@kd xifygw,f? vk;H aphayguaf ph odw,fv@kd u|erf rqdv k ykd gb;l tJ'aD vmufxv d nf; u|erf
rodEikd yf gb;l ? u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGuvnf; ud, k &f t
hJ oHawGukd u|erf wd@k =um;avmufatmif
ajym=uayg?h 'grv S nf; u|erf wd@k bmvkyaf y;Edik rf vJ ydpk Of;pm;Edik rf ,f? ta&;}uD;qk;H u u|erf wd@k
ææ aemufu r=um;&vd@k atmfae=uwmvm; ææ atmfav r=um;avbJ enf;enf;av;
+idr+f idref @J em;axmifay;? udprP &Sb d ;l r=um;&&if qdik ;f bkwaf xmif+yD;jyr,f?

u|erf wd@k tck jynfoal wGrmS jynfoal wGrygbeJ @J bmudprP S r+yD;ajrmufEikd /f r+yD;jywf
Edkifbl;qdkwm tck em;vnfEdkif+yDvdk@ u|efrxifygw,f? jynfolawGygrSyJ b,fudpPrqdk+yD;
aysmufEikd w f mrd@k v@kd u|erf wd@k wpfawG u|erf pdwu f ;l xJrmS jynfoal wGuae+yD;awmh jynfoal wG
twGuf jynfow l @kd &hJ 'Dru
kd a&pD qdw k ehJ nf;wpfcu k kd jrefrmEdik if w H ifru wurBmvk;H rSmawmif xyf+y;D
óud;pm;=unhrf mS yg? tJ'v D kd pdw"f mwfe@J u|erf wd@k óud;pm;oGm;rSmyg? u|erf wd@k vdck siw f hJ yef;wdik u f kd
at;at;aq;aq; rSerf eS u f efuefe@J a&mufEikd rf ,fv@kd u|erf ,k=H unfw,f? tJ'g cyfww kd akd jym&&if
tvkyaf wG trsm;}u;D vky&f r,f? tvkyrf vkyb f eJ @J bmrSr&bl;? u|erf wd@k ArmawGu uHyJ uHyv J @kd
ajymavh&w dS ,f? tJ'ga=umihyf J u|erf wd@k vli,fawGukd xyfwvJvJ ajym&w,f? uHqw kd hJ t"dyg` ,f
udk od&ŒJ vm; uHqw kd m ðyvkyjf cif;yJ? tJawmh uHy/J uHyq J w kd m cyfww kd kd ajym&&if ud, k v f yk o
f vdk
jzpfrmS yJ tJ'aD wmh ud, k v f yk w f hJ twdik ;f yJjzpfrmS yJ? vdck siw f m&S&d if vdck siwf mudk &atmifv@kd vkyf
,l&r,f? u|erf wd@k u rjzpfEikd w f hJ udpaP wGukd vkyaf y;ygrh ,fv@kd vG,v f , G ef @J awmh tJ'v D kd vmbf
ay;+y;D awmh u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGukd rpnf;¶k;H Edik yf gb;l ? u|erf wd@k óu;d pm;r,f? jynfoal wG vdck siw f hJ
vrf;udk tm;vk;H twlwcl if;+yD;awmh tm;vk;H twlwl av#mufomG ;Edik zf @kd óud;pm;r,f?
tJ'v
D kd axmufjyjcif;tm;jzihf u|erf wd@k uv kd nf; jynfoal wGu ud, k v
f ckd siw f hJ udpaP wG
jzpfajrmuf atmifv@kd uln&D ma&mufygw,f? u|erf jynfoal wGukd arwWm&yfcH yg&ap? u|erf wd@k e@J
qufqw H hJ tcgrmS yGiyfh iG v fh if;vif; owW&d &dS dS ajymqdk qufq=H uyg? u|erf wd@k ukd [d[ k majym&
aumif;vm;/ 'D[m ajym& aumif;vm;qd+k y;D ? u|erf wd@k bmrSrvkyyf gb;l ? ajymp&m&Sw d mudk ajymyg?
oabmrwlv@kd &&dS if oabmrwlb;l qdw k mudak wmh jyefajymrSmyg? 'guawmh 'Dru kd a&pD&ŒJ tajccH
av? vGwfvyfpGmajymqdkydkifcGihf vGwfvyfpGmajymqdkydkifcGihfqdkwm vGwfvyfpGm qJqdkydkifcGihfeJ@
rwlb;l av? wpfcgwpfavawmh }udr;f armif;wmav;awmh ygcsiyf grmS ayg?h wpfa,mufe@J wpf
a,mufem;vnfatmif ajymqdzk @kd tifrwefrS ta&;}uD;ygw,f? wpfa,mufe@J wpfa,muf
tjrifjcif; zvS,zf @kd twGuu f awmh u|erf wd@k avhusi, fh &l ygr,f? avhusi, fh &l if;eJ@ u|erf wd@k yd+k y;D

3
wwfvmrSmyg? tck u|erf xGuv f mwJh tcsed rf mS t"duajymif;vJcsut f jzpf bmawGŒ&vJqakd wmh
wpfjcm;[mawG odyrf awGŒao;bl;? awGŒrdwmuawmh zke;f av;awG trsm;}u;D yJ? [dek m;=unhv f J
uifr&mzkef;av;/ 'Dem;=unhfvJ uifr&mzkef;av;? tJ'gbmudkjyvJqdkawmh qufoG,fa&;
bufrmS awmh u|erf wd@k trsm;}u;D wd;k wufvmygw,f? 'Dw;kd wufru _ kd trsm;aumif;usKd ; twGuf
wwfEikd w
f ehJ nf;eJ@ ok;H =uyg? qufo, G af &;tm;jzihf u|erf wd@k tcsi;f csi;f rSm em;vnfr&_ atmif
u|erf wd@k tcsi;f csi;f nDnw G rf &_ atmif ok;H =uygv@kd ajymcsiw f ,f? zke;f awGygvm&if axmifjy
ay;=uyg? b,favmuf trsm;}uD;&Sv d J od&atmif?

(zke;f ygvmolrsm;u zke;f rsm; ajr‡mufjy=uonf?)awmfawmfrsm;wmyJ? u|erf rae@urS

yxrOD;qk;H t}udrf tJ'v D zkd ek ;f av; ok;H zl;w,f? t&if (96) ckEpS w
f ek ;f u 'gawG 'DrmS r&Sad o;bl;?
ok;H wJt
h cg=uawmh yg;pyfb,frmS xm;&rSe;f rodb;l ? r=um;&bl;qdw k ohJ al wGukd pmom;eJ@ axmifjy
r,f?
(qd k i f ; bk w f w G i f a&;xm;onh f p m - u|ef r uvJ jynf o l a wG c spf y gw,f trS e f j cpf
atmif q ef ; pk = unf )
cspaf e¶keH @J r+yD;ao;bl;? tvkyv f yk &f rSm? u|erf pOf;pm;
w,f? cspw f ,fqw kd m bmvJ? cspw
f ,fqw kd m wpfO;D ay:
wpfO;D pdwcf sr;f omatmif vkyaf y;csiw f qhJ EN&+dS y;D tJ'D qEN
t&vkyrf S wu,fcsp&f ma&muf ygw,f? yg;pyfe@J cspyf g
w,f/ cspyf gw,f? cspyf gw,f ajymvd@k uawmh ta&cGo H m
cspv
f u
kd w
f mrsKd ;uawmh u|erf wd@k u =uufajccwfy?J

(rS e f v d k u f w muG - y&d w f o wf x J r S toH )

yef;uay;&ifvnf; ay;vdu
k af v bmvd@k uikd x
f m;wmvJ?

u|erf wd@k tck jynfoal wGukd arwWm&yfccH siw f muawmh apmapmu u|erf ajymovdyk J
aygh ud,
k pf wd xf rJ mS &Sw
d mawGukd u|erf wd@k ukd today;yg? pma&;+yD;awmh yd@k v@kd vnf; &ygw,f?
pmwdu k uf kd pdwrf cs&&if 'DrmS yJ vmay;yg? jynfoal wG bmawG pdwx f rJ mS &So
d vJ qdw k m u|erf od
csiw
f ,f? bmjzpfv@kd vJ qdak wmh u|erf wd@k jynfol awG&hJ pdwx f rJ mS vlawG&ŒJ pdwx f rJ mS bmawG
jzpfaervJ? b,fvjkd zpfaervJ? pdwx f rJ mS b,fvakd jymif; oGm;ovJ qdw k m u|erf aoaocsmcsm
rodv@kd r&bl; csujf cif;odz@kd qwkd mr&bl;? jyef+y;D awmh avhvm&OD;r,f? u|erf wd@k jynfoal wG wpf
a,mufcsi;f eJ@ pum;ajymzd@k qdw k mvnf; wu,fwrf; vufawGŒusus rjzpfEikd b f ;l ? jzpfEikd &f ifawmh

4
ajymwmayg?h jzpfEikd &f ifawmhu|erf xdik ef m;axmifr,f? wpfa,muf+yD;wpfa,muf rdu k af y;+yD;
awmh ajym=uawmh? tJ'v D q kd vkd nf; +yD;rSm r[kwb f ;l ?
+yD;awmh tJ'v D akd jymwm awGu u|erf awmh oabmusw,f? wpfa,mufxJ x+yD;
ajymwmawGu tifrwef +iD;aiGŒp&maumif;w,f? [db k uf jyefajym? 'Dbufu jyefajymqdak wmh
yd+k y;D awmhvnf;pkw H ,f? yd+k y;D awmhvnf; tm;vk;H twGuf yd+k y;D awmhvnf; tm;vk;H twGuf wefz;kd &Sd
w,f?wpfa,mufxu J ajymwmudk usew f o hJ al wGu em;axmifae&wm wpfcgwpfav u|erf
pdwx f rJ mS enf;enf; 'Dru
kd a&pD rusv@kd ? u|erf wd@k oGm;+y;D awmh 'Dvx l u
J wpfa,mufukd vufnK‡d ;
xd;k jyygr,f? x+yD;awmh pdwx f &J w
dS hJ qENukd cyfww kd akd v;ajymawmh?

(tarpkeJ@twl vGwfvyfwJh'Drdkua&pD}uD;udk &,lydkifqdkifcsifygw,f cifAsm;)

u|erf wd@k av wpfae@us&if jynfo@l [pfwikd f wpfcv

k yk &f r,f tJ'aD wmh tJ'rD mS qd&k if
jynfoal wGu ajymcsiw f m ajymvd@k &atmif? u|erf wd@k uvnf; jynfoal wG&hJ toHawGukd =um;
ææ [db k ufu bmjyoem&Sv d J ulnvD @kd &rvm;? taemufu wd;k aevd@k vm;?

(pnf;urf;&Syd g? pnf;urf;&Syd g? pnf;urf;&Syd g?)

ody+f yD;awmh ravm=uyge@J ? aemufq&kd if u|erf wd@k wpfa,mufe@J wpfa,muf trsm;

}uD;pum;awGajymzd@k tcGit fh a&;awG ay:vmrSmyg?
'Dwpfcgwnf; eJ@ r[kwyf gb;l ? aemif t}udr}f udrf tcgcg &Srd mS yg? tJ'u D s&if pdw&f n S f
vuf&n S ef @J oD;cHay;=uyg? 'Dwpfcg r=um;&rS aemifwpfcg jyefvmrSmayg?h awmf=um jyefrvmbJ
aer,f? =um=umajymvd@k &&dS if jynfoal wGvnf; yifyef;r,fv@kd u|erf xifygw,f? tESpEf pS q f ,f
ausm+f yDwhJ yifyef;wm? tJ'aD wmh awmfawmfukd usio fh m;&ae+yDayg?h
awmfawmf yifyef;ae=u+yDaygh yifyef;w,fqw kd mu udprP &Syd gb;l ? yifyef;&usK;d eyfz@kd u
ta&;}uD;wm? yifyef;&usKd ;eyfw,fq&kd if b,favmuf yifyef;& yifyef;& &w,fcEH ikd w f ,f?
tJawmh u|erf wd@k &hJ tm;awGukd yifyef;&usKd ; eyfatmifv@kd tok;H cs&r,f? u|erf tck ajymcsif
wmu pdw"f mwfrusyge@J ? u|erf wd@k &hJ wdik ;f jynfukd =unh+f yD; pdw"f mwfuscsif =uwm jzpfrmS yJ?
&Srd mS yJ? tckxufxd b,frS ra&mufao;ygvm;? tckxufxd bmrSvnf; wd;k wufrr_ &Syd gvm;qdw k hJ
pdwaf wG &SEd ikd yf gw,f? 'gayr,hf 'Dvpkd w d yf supf &m ta=umif;r&Syd gb;l ? u|erf wd@k óud;pm;&r,f?
0D&, d qdw k m[m tifrwefrS ta&;}uD;ygw,f? cyf=urf;=urf;yJ 0D&, d xkw&f r,f?
tvkypf vkyw f hJ tcgrmS 0D&,
d xkw&f r,f? tvkyf tv,fyikd ;f a&mufwhJ tcgrmS 0D&, d
xkw&f r,f? tvkyf aemufq;Hk ydik ;f a&mufcge;D rSm 0D&, d xkw&f r,f? tvkyq f w kd m +y;D w,f&,fv@kd
5
r&Sb d ;l ? tvkyw f pfck +yD;&ifvnf; aemuftvkyu f ay:vmrSmyJ? tJawmh Edik if w H pfEikd if u
H kd wnf
aqmufw,fqw kd mvnf; tJvykd t J vkyaf wG wpfc+k y;D wpfck vkyo f mG ;&rSm 'Davmu}u;D rSm auseyf
p&m/ auseyfp&m tcsed af wGqw kd m b,fawmhrrS &Sb d ;l ? od@k aomfvnf; u|erf wd@k twGuaf wmh
auseyfp&m tcsed af wG twdik ;f twm wpfcx k ad wmh vdu k v
kd w kd ,f? tJ'v D kd auseyfEikd w
f hJ twdik ;f
twm wpfct k xda&mufz@kd awmh tm;vk;H 0dik ;f wGe;f =u&r,f? róud;pm;bJe@J r&bl;? u|erf taeeJ@
awmh u|erf uawmh vkyaf y;r,fv@kd u|erf rajymEdik b f ;l ? jynfo&l hJ ,k=H unfr&_ &dS if/ jynfo&l ŒJ tm;ud;k
r_&&dS if/ jynfo&l hJ axmufcrH &_ v
dS @kd &&dS if u|erf rSm vkyt f m;awG trsm;}uD;wufvmr,f? tJ'v D yk f
tm;awGe@J jynfoel @J twlvyk rf ,f? u|erf wpfa,mufxaJ wmh vkyv f @kd r&bl;? u|erf wpfa,muf
xJvJ rvkycf sib f ;l ? wpfa,mufxv J yk w
f ,fqw kd m 'Dru kd a&pD r[kwb f ;l aemf?

(a[;/ a[; æææææææææææææææ)

u|erf wpfa,mufxv J yk zf @kd vk;H 0&nf&, G cf surf &Sb d ;l ? trsm;eJ@ twlvyk rf mS ? u|erf wd@k
tay:rSm =uifemr_&w dS hJ urBmol urBmom;awGe@J twlvyk rf ,f? u|erf wd@k tm;vk;H twlwl
vkyrf ,f? wpfcsKd ŒawG xifovdk vufo;D vufarmif;wef;+yD;awmh a&SŒuae+yD;awmh [D;¶d;k }uD;
vkyw f m? tJ'grsKd ;u owWrd [kwb f ;l ? owWq d wkd m[m pdw"f mwf cdik cf ikd rf mrmeJ@ ud, k vf ckd siw f hJ
udpu P kd jzpfajrmufatmifv@kd yifyef;cH+yD;awmh vkyEf ikd w f m? 'grS tJ'v D kd owWrd sKd ;awG arG;&r,f?
wu,fawmh owWq d w kd m edp"P 0l vkyaf e&rSm? u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGu reuf rd;k vif;wmeJ@ 'Duae@
wpfae@ukd &ifqikd zf @kd owWad wG xkwaf e=u&r,f r[kwv f m;? 'DowWad wGukd tusKd ;&Sad tmifv@kd
ok;H =ur,f? wu,hu f kd xdxad &mufa&mufe@J u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGe@J u|erf wd@k Edik if t H wGuf tusKd ;
&Sad tmifo;Hk &r,f? ud, k w
f pfa,mufxt J wGuf pOf;pm;zd@k rjzpfb;l ? ud, k rfh o
d m;pk wpfcw k nf;
twGuf pOf;pm;vd@k rjzpfb;l ? u|erf xyfwvJvJ ajymcsiyf gw,f? Edik if aH &;[m 'd@k e@J rqdik b f ;l qdw k hJ
pdw"f mwfukd rxm;yge@J ? 'gazaz t&ifuwnf;u ajymcJyh gw,f? vGyv f yfa&; r&cifuwnf;u
ajymcJw h hJ pum;yg? Edik if aH &;[m ud, k ef @J rqdik bf ;l vd@k ajymaeayr,hf Edik if aH &;uvm+yD;awmh qdik f
aevdrhfr,fwJh a&Smifaevdk@r&bl;? tm;vHk;[m EdkifiHa&;yJ? tck'DrSm u|efrwdk@vm+yD;awmh
u|erf wd@k ukd axmufcaH ewmwif Edik if aH &;r[kwb f ;l ? tdrrf mS ae+y;D awmh [if;csuaf ewJh trsK;d orD;
vJ Edik if aH &; vkyaf e&wmyJ? bmjzpfv@kd vq J akd wmh ol@rmS ol@&w dS hJ ydu
k q
f eH @J avmufatmif csuaf e&
vd@k av? tJ'gvJ Edik if aH &;yJ? om;orD;awG ausmif;aeEdik af tmif ¶ke;f uef&wmvnf; Edik if aH &;yJ?
tm;vk;H Edik if aH &;yJ? tm;vk;H Edik if aH &;eJ@ rvGwb f ;l ? tJ'aD wmh Edik if aH &;eJ@ 'd@k e@J rqdik b
f ;l ? 'd@k u Edik if H
a&;xJrygcsib f ;l vd@k ? ajymwm[m Edik if aH &;udk em;rvnfv@kd ajymwJh udp?P u|erf wd@k jynfoal wG[m
Edik if aH &;udk em;vnfatmifvyk yf g? u|erf wd@k vnf; oifay;yg? wpfa,mufe@J wpfa,muf oif,&l
rSm? jynfou l ae u|erf wd@k 'Dru kd a&pDtwGuf v_y&f mS ;aewJo h al wGukd oifay;rS u|erf wd@k vnf;
6
rrSm;rSm? 'Dru kd a&pDrmS ta&;}uD;wJh wpfcu k bmvnf;qdak wmh ta&SŒuae+yD;awmh vkyaf ewJh
olawGukd taemufuvlawGu xde;f Edik &f r,f? xde;f ydik cf iG fh &S&d r,f? tJ'g'rD u kd a&pDy?J jynfoal wG&/hJ
jynfoal wG xde;f wmudk u|erf wd@k awG cHygrh ,f? jynforl [kwb f J xde;f odr;f wmudk odyrf cHcsib f ;l
(&,fvsu)f ? u|erf pdwx f rJ mS bmrS r&Syd gb;l ?
u|erf xde;f odr;f cH&wJh ESpaf wGtwGi;f rSm aygah emf vkòH caH &; wm0ef,&l wJo h al wGe@J trsm;
}u;D qufq&H ygw,f? olw@kd u|erf tay:rSm aumif;cJyh gw,f? u|erf ay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f
qufqyH gw,f? tJawmh 'guawmh trSeu f kd trSet f wdik ;f u|erf ajym&rSmyg? aus;Zl;wifxu kd f
wJoh ul kd aus;Zl;wif&rSmyJ? tJ'v D kd omrefvòHk cHa&; 0efxrf;awGxu J u|erf tay:rSm aumif;
aumif;rGerf eG f qufqcH w hJ ohJ al wGukd u|erf aus;Zl;wifygw,f? pdwx f rJ mS wu,hu f kd u|erf pdwf
&if;eJ@ ajymwmyg? u|erf wd@k [m jynfot l csi;f csi;f rSm wpfa,mufay:rSm wpfa,mufapwem
xm;Edik af tmifv@kd wpfa,mufukd wpfa,muf aus;Zl;wifEikd af tmifv@kd ? jrifEikd af pcsiw f ,f?
q&mawmf}u;D wpfyg;u u|erf cyfi,fi,fwek ;f u a[mcJw h ,f? aus;Zl;ðywJo h ql w
kd m &Sm;w,fw?hJ
aus;Zl;udk odwwfwo hJ q l w kd m &Sm;w,fayg?h u|erf tJ'w D ek ;f u i,fwmud;k tJ'pD um;udk odyf
oabmrwlcsib f ;l ? bmvJqakd wmh [kwyf g+yD aus;Zl; ðyEdik w f hJ olqw kd m &Sm;w,fqw kd m u|erf
vufcw H maygah emf? bmjzpfv@kd vJ qdak wmh ud, k u fh kd aus;Zl;ðyw,fqw kd m vlwikd ;f uvnf; 'Davmuf
xdvyk af y;wmr[kwb f ;l ? 'gayr,hf aus;Zl;odwwfwhJ ol[m&Sm;w,fqw kd m u|erf ody+f y;D vufr
cHygb;l ?
vly/J vlyaJ ygh vljzpfrS aus;Zl;od&rSmayg?h r[kwb f ;l uGm jiif;wJo h ul &Sw d ,f? aus;Zl;
odw,fqw kd hJ t"dyg` ,u f aemufusawmh ¶d;k ¶d;k av;yJ? tcsi;f csi;f udk wefz;kd xm;wwfwmyJ?
tcsi;f csi;f udk wefz;kd xm;wwfvu kd &f if ææ [m enf;enf;awmh onf;cHygO;D a[h ææ c%av;
aemufuxvdu k vf @kd bmjzpfomG ; wmrS r[kwb f ?J wpfa,mufe@J wpfa,mufawmh onf;cH&rSmyJ?
wpfa,mufu rwfwyfxvdu k v
f @kd pdwq f ;kd p&m ta=umif;r&Sb d ;l ? a'go }u;D yJ? ææ a&SŒu u|erf
rae@wek ;f u tdraf &SŒrSm ajymovdak yg?h ta&SŒuvluvnf; taemufuvlukd odwwfr/_ em;
vnfr&_ &dS r,f? taemufuvluvnf; ta&SŒu vlukd em;vnfr_ onf;cHr&_ &dS r,f? tJ'grS
u|erf twGuf tqifajyrSm? 'Dawmh jynfoal wG taeeJ@ u|erf b,fvq kd uf+yD;awmh Edik if aH &;
c&D;oGm;rvJ qdw k m odcsiv f mr,f?

(odcsiyf gw,f? ææ )

odwefoa&GŒvnf; odr,f? jynfou

l kd tm;ud;k +yD; vkyw
f ,fq&kd if jynfoel @J tjrifcsi;f zvS,f
xm;&r,f? u|efruawmh 'Dæ'D jynfolawG=um;rSm u|efrwdk@u tm;vkH;=um;rSmayghaemf

7
trsKd ;om;&if=um;apha&; udpu
P kd quf+yD;awmh vkyo
f mG ;rSmyg? 'g[m ta&;udk }uD;w,f?

(axmufcyH gw,f? ææææææ)

u|erf pdwx f rJ mS awmh b,foyl J bmjzpfv@kd ? b,foel @J awmhjzihf tqifajyatmifvyk v f @kd

r&bl;? b,foel @J awmhjzihf pum;ajymvd@k r&bl; qdw k m vk;H 0r&Sb d ;l ? b,foyl jJ zpfjzpf tqifajy
atmif vkycf siw
f phJ w
d &f &dS if vkyv
f @kd &&r,f? pum;ajymcsiw f hJ pdw&f &dS if pum;ajymvd@k &&r,f?
u|erf uawmh 'Dvrf;twdik ;f oGm;rSmyJ? 'Dvrf;twdik ;f oGm;wJt h cgrmS awmh u|erf wd@k bufu
jynfo@l tiftm;awG vdyk gw,fqw kd m tck 'DrmS ajym+yD;awmh today; a=unmvdu k +f yD?

(nDygw,f? ææ nDnw
G af &;/ nDnw
G af &; æææ )

u|erf wd@k bmyJvyk zf @kd qk;H jzwf/ qk;H jzwf jynfou l kd today;ygrh ,f? tckqv kd @kd &&dS if u|erf
wd@k tzGŒJ csKyfe@J 'g ææ tzGŒJ 0ifawGe@J vnf; awGŒ+y;D awmh aoaocsmcsm ajym+y;D awmh aqG;aEG;wm
r&Sb d ;l ? ajym+y;D aqG;aEG;+y;D u|erf u tzGŒJ csKyw f pfcx
k eJ @J vkyrf mS r[kwb f ;l aemf? u|erf uae+y;D awmh
u|erf wd@k 'Dru kd a&pD twGuf vkyaf ewJh tpktzGŒJ awG tm;vk;H eJ@ u|erf wG+J yD; vkycf siw f ,f?
aemuf+y;D awmh jynfou l vJ tJ'xD rJ mS 0ifyg ay;apcsiw f ,f? wpfcck k vky+f yv D @kd qk;H jzwfvu kd v
f @kd &&dS if
u|erf wd@k jynfou l kd ajymjyr,f? &Si;f jyr,f? wpfcg wpfav qd&k if jynfou l u|erf wd@k vkyw f hJ
udpaP wGukd jynfou l oabmrwlwmvnf;&Srd ,f? 'guawmh 'Dvykd ?J vlwikd ;f awmh wpfoabm
wnf; rjzpfEikd b f ;l ? tJ'o D abmrwlwmudk vufcEH ikd w f mvnf; 'Dru kd a&pD&hJ oabmw&m;wpfcyk ?J
'gayr,hv f nf; u|erf wd@k &Si;f jyr,f? bmjzpfv@kd u|erf wd@k 'Dvv kd yk &f ovJ?
jynfol oabmrwlayr,hv f nf; bmjzpfv@kd vky&f wmvnf; qdak wmh jynfou l kd pnf;¶k;H
,l&rSmayg?h pnf;¶k;H w,f qdw k m 'gyaJ v? jynfo&l hJ ,k=H unfr/_ em;vnfr_ tJ'gukd &atmif vkyrf ,f?
rJ&atmif vkyfwm r[kwfbl;? tJ'Dawmh u|efrwdk@ jynfolawG&Jh em;vnfr_ jynfolawG&Jh
axmufcrH _ tJ'gawGukd &,l+yD; awmh qufvyk o f mG ;r,f? tckcsed rf mS wdwu d sus rajymEdik w f mudk
u|erf awmif;yefygw,f? 'Dtcsed rf mS tckyJ xGuv f m+yD;awmh 'gvyk rf ,f/ 'gvyk rf ,f/ 'gvyk rf ,f
ajymwmvnf; 'g rpOf;pm;/ rqifjcifbeJ @J ajymwJph um;vnf; jzpfeikd w f ,f? u|erf wd@k 'DtcsKd ;
tauGŒrSm jynfoal wG&hJ toHawGukd trsm;}uD; =um;csiyf gw,f? tJ't D oHawGukd em;axmif
+y;D awmh a&SŒc&D;udk b,fvkd quf+y;D awmh oGm;rvJ qdw k m? oGm;oihv f J qdw k m u|erf wd@k qk;H jzwf
r,f? 'gayr,hf apmapmu u|erf wd@k ajymovdyk J ta&;}u;D qk;H [m jynfo&l hJ tiftm;eJ@ u|erf wd@k
vkyfr,f? 'Drdkua&pDvdkcsifwJh tpktzGJŒawGtm;vkH;eJ@ u|efrwdk@ vufwGJ+yD;awmhvkyfr,f?
aemuf+yD;awmh u|erf wd@k [m 'Du|erf wd@k Edik if rH mS &if=um;apha&;twGuf u|erf wd@k vkyo f mG ;r,f?
8
&if=um;apha&;twGuf vkyo f mG ;+y;D awmh jynfoal wG tenf;qk;H emr,hef nf;eJ@/ vk;H vk;H rembl;vd@k
vnf;u|erf rajymEdik b f ;l ? 'gu 'Dvkd u|erf tmrcHvu kd v
f @kd &&dS if 'gvnf; vmbfay;wmwpfrsKd ;yJ?
u|erf wd@k e@J vdu
k v
f @kd remap&bl; qdw k m tJ'v D vkd nf; u|erf ajymvd@k r&bl;? emcsiv f nf; emwmyJ?
u|erf wd@k vnf; cH&wmyJ? u|erf wd@k vkyaf zmfuikd zf ufawGvnf; cH&wmyJ? 'gayr,hv f nf; jynfol
vlxk tenf;qk;H emr,hef nf;awGukd u|erf wd@k &Sm+y;D awmh vkyyf grh ,f? jynfou l vnf; wpfcgwpfav
enf;enf; temcH&r,f qd&k ifawmhonf;cH+y;D temcHygv@kd ? u|erf tckuwnf;u ajymxm;csiyf g
w,f? vdak wmh vdck siyf gw,f? temawmh rcHcsiyf gb;l ? tJ'v D akd wmh rvkyef @J ?
onf;cHaewm =um+yq D akd wmh r[kww f [hJ mawGukd onf;cHaewmvm;? onf;cHoihw f m
awGukd onf;cHae wmvm;? u|erf ajymcsiw f ,faemf? [dk trSm;eJ@ trSeu f kd cGjJ cm;+y;D awmh od&r,f?
trSeb f ufuae &yfwnf&w J hJ owW&d &dS r,f? trSm;eJ@ trSeq f w kd m wpfcsed ef @J wpfcsed ef @J wlwm
r[kwb f ;l ? tcsed af wG ajymif;ovdk tajctaeawG ajymif;ovdk tajzawGuvnf; ajymif;ae
w,f? 'gayr,hf tJ'[ D mudk vkyo f ihw f m rvkyo f ihwf muawmh qifjcif+yD;awmh ud, k &fh hJ ud,
k &fh hJ
vdyjf ym/ 'gb,fvakd jymovJ azazajymcJw h hJ pum;wpfceG ;f &Syd gw,f? ol@vyd jf ym&Jh ck¶H ;Hk a&SŒrSm ol
rm;rm;rwfrwf &yf+yD;awmh tppfc&H w J ,fw?hJ

(óuu
d w
f ,f/ óuu
d w
f ,f æææ)

u|erf &Jh vdyjf ymck¶H ;Hk a&SŒrSmvnf; ae@wikd ;f rwfwyf&yf+yD;awmh/ u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGvJ
'Dvykd J ud, k &fh vhJ yd jf ymck¶H ;Hk a&SŒrSm ae@wikd ;f rwfwyf&yf+yD;awmh rm;rm;rwfrwf tppfc=H unh=f uyg?
tJ'v D kd tppfcH =unhw f t hJ cg ud, k [f m vkyo f ihf vkyx
f u kd w
f mawGukd vkyaf eovm; qdw k hJ tajzu
ay:vmygvrd rfh ,f? tJ'v D akd y:vmvd@k &&dS if u|erf wd@k &hJ tiftm;awGu t&rf;wefz;kd wufrmS ?
tiftm;qdw k m rSerf eS u f efuef ok;H rSwu,hu f kd tzd;k wefwm/ rSerf eS u
f efuef ok;H wJh tiftm;&JŒ
tmedoifukd b,forl S òzv d @kd r&bl;? tJ'guakd wmh rSwx f m;=urS? u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGuakd v ud, k f
csi;f pmwJph w d /f wpfa,mufe@J wpfa,muf em;vnfwphJ w d /f wpfa,mufukd wpfa,mufonf;cH
wJph wd u f av;/ tckenf;enf; prf;=unh&f atmif/ enf;enf;prf;=unhrf ,faemf? enf;enf;prf;=unhf
r,f qdak wmh? prf;=unhrf ,f? [db k ufuvlawGu r=um;&vd@k q+kd yD;awmh atmfae=uw,f? tJ'D
awmh u|erf vnf; ajymwm+y;D awmhr,f? tJ'aD wmh 'Da&SŒu vlawGu [db k ufukd enf;enf;xGuf
oGm;+yDawmh [db k ufuvlawGukd ae&may;ygvm;?

(ay;r,fa[h ææ ay;r,f æææ)

ææ t}udr}f udrt f cgcg ajymcJyh gw,f? tiftm;awGr&S&d if u|erf wd@k vyk w
f hJ tvkyf
awG[m atmifjrifEikd rf mS r[kwyf gb;l ? tJ'aD wmh tiftm;awGukd pepfwusvyk rf yS J pepfwus
9
ok;H rSyJ xda&mufrmS 'Dawmh enf;enf;av; pepfwusjzpfatmifb,fvv kd yk rf vJ? u|erf ajymjyr,f?
ta&SŒuvlawGu rwfwyfxwJh tcg aemufuvlawGu pdww f =kd uw,f? tJ'aD wmh u|erf ajym
csiw f m ta&SŒuvlawGuvnf; t=um}uD; rxyge@J ? aemufuvlawGu c%avmufxwmudk
onf;nnf; cH=uyg?? c%xwmyJ bmjzpfv?J wpfcsed v f ;Hk x&ifawmh wpfrsKd ;ayg?h
aemuf+y;D awmh rSmyg&ap? ar#mv f ihaf e¶keH @J &rSmr[kwb f ;l ? vdck siaf e¶keH @J &rSm r[kwb
f ;l ?
vdck siwf m &atmifukd vkyw f wfr/S vky&f rJ /S vkyEf ikd rf S æææ u|erf wd@k taumif;qk;H enf;vrf;awG
&Sm+yD;awmh ud, k v f ckd siw
f hJ yef;wdik u
f kd a&mufatmif oGm;&r,f? u|erf u trsKd ;om; &if=um;
apha&;udk tjrJwrf; ,k=H unfw,f? 'Denf;udk oGm;udk oGm;&r,f qdw k m u|erf ,k=H unfw,f?
axmufcaH ewJh olawGa&SŒrSm

(vufcyk o
f rH sm; qlnyH u
G af vm¶du
k v
f su)f

u|erf ,k=H unfwm vl@tcGit fh a&;udk ,k=H unfw,f? w&m;Oya' pd;k rd;k a&;udk ,k=H unf
w,f? tJ'gawG twGuaf wmhu|erf tjrJwrf; vkyaf qmifomG ;rSmyg? yk*Kd~ vfa&;t& b,fo@l ukd
rke;f vd@k / b,f0guh kd rke;f vd@k qd+k y;D awmh vkyaf ewmr[kwb f ;l ? tJ'pD w
d af wG u|erf r&Sb
d ;l ? tcsed v
f nf;
r&Sb d ;l ? 'Davmu}uD;rSm tvkyf trsm;qk;H (vufcyk o f rH sm; ææ)
tck u|erf xde;f odr;f cHae&wJh umvwpfav#muf u|erf &Jh vkòH caH &;twGuf wm0ef,w l hJ
wm0ef,&l wJh yk*Kd~ vfawGuaygah emf u|erf tay:rSm aumif;cJyh gw,f? u|erf tay:rSm awmfawmf
aumif;cJyh gw,f? 'g u|erf trSet f wdik ;f ajymwm? tJ'guv kd nf; u|erf wefz;kd xm;ygw,f? aus;Zl;
wifygw,f? xyf+yD;awmh 'Dvykd J ae&mtrsKd ;rsKd ;rSm u¾trsKd ;rsKd ;rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f wpf
a,mufuw kd pfa,muf aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f qufq+H y;D vkyaf qmifomG ;apcsiw f ,f? tJ'v D u kd |erf
tay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f qufqo H vdk jynfoal wGtm;vk;H tay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f
qufqaH pcsiw f ,f?

(vufcyk o
f rH sm; qlnyH u
G af vm¶du
k v
f suf ææ)

u|erf vdyk J jynfoal wGtay:rSm tus,cf sKyfcs+yD;awmh rqufqaH pcsib

f ;l

(vufcyk o
f rH sm; qlnyH uG af vm¶du k v
f suf ææ)
u|erf tay:rSm aumif;aumif;rGerf eG f qufqo H vdk jynfoal wG tay:rSmvnf; aumif;
aumif;rGerf eG f qufqyH gv@kd u|erf u arwWm&yfcyH gw,f? aumif;rGew
f hJ udpu
P kd wefz;kd xm;&r,f?

10
aus;Zl;wifxu kd o
f l udk aus;Zl;wif&r,f? ud,
k rf óuud v
f @kd tm;vk;H raumif;bl;vd@k ajymvd@k rjzpfb;l ?
aumif;wmvnf; &Sw d ,f? raumif;wmvnf; &Sw d ,f? raumif;wm raumif;bl; ajym&ifvnf;
pdwq
f ;kd aevd@k rjzpfb;l ? rvkyef @J ?

(vufcyk o
f rH sm; rpJ ææ)

vlwpfa,muf&hJ aus;Zl;udk yGx J w

k &f wmavmuf tifrwefrS tm;&p&m aumif;wm
r&Sb d ;l ? tifrwefrS tm;&p&m aumif;w,f? tifrwefrS auseyfp&maumif;w,f? u|erf u
vkycf siyf gw,f? aus;Zl;wifp&m awGom vky=f uprf;yg u|erf u wpfcsed v f ;Hk ac:+yD; aus;Zl;wifae
ygrh ,f? tckvnf; jynfoal wGukd aus;Zl;wif&rSmyJ? aus;Zl;wifygw,f? u|erf wd@k ArmawG&hJ owWu d
aumuf&;kd rD;vdyk v J @kd c%c%ajymwm u|erf vk;H 0 róudub f ;l ? tJ'g[m u|erf wd@k jzpfoihw f hJ
udprP [kwb f ;l ? tJ'vD kd rjzpf&bl;? vlqw kd m vljzpfumrS vlyyD aD e&w,f? vl@ou d mQ qdwk m&Sw
d ,f?
vl@tcGit fh a&; a=unmpmwrf;rSm bmeJ@ pvJqakd wmh vlwikd ;f / vlwikd ;f [m arG;&myg *k%o f ud mQ &Sd
w,f? tJ'D *k%o f ud mQ udk xde;f odr;f &r,f?

(vufcyk o
f rH sm; qlnv
H su)f

odumQ udk xde;f odr;f &r,f? tJ'gukd ajymwm? jynfoal wGtwGuyf J vkyaf y;/ jynfoal wG
twGuyf J vkyaf y;vd@k ? vlwikd ;f / vlwikd ;f [m ud, k wfh m0efukd ausyeG &f r,f? tJ'v D vkd yk Ef ikd rf S useG rf wd@k
edik if wH ;kd wufrmS ? u|erf wd@k Edik if H rwd;k wufvm;? wd;k wufvm;qdw k m? u|erf xuf jynfoal wG
yd+k yD;awmh odw,f? rwd;k wufv@kd b,fo@l a=umih/f b,f0gah =umihv f @kd ajymr,ht f pm; u|erf wd@k
tm;vk;H vufnw D ufneD @J vufw+JG y;D awmh wd;k wufatmifv@kd vyk Ef ikd zf @kd tcGitfh a&;awGay;ygv@kd y?J
tJ'v D ykd J u|erf ajymcsiw
f ,f? vufjzef@+y;D awmif;wmvJ róuu d b
f ;l ? ud, k uf ,
kd w f ikd v
f nf; vufjzef@
rawmif;csifbl;? u|efrwdk@ jynfoluvnf; vufjzef@+yD;awmh awmif;csifwJh pdwfr&Sdbl;vdk@
,k=H unfw,f?

([kwyf gw,f? [kwyf gw,f æææ )

u|erf wd@k wd;k wufa&;twGu/f ud, k &fh ydik cf iG afh wGukd vdck siw
f ,fv@kd u|erf wd@k ,k=H unf
w,f? ud,k w fh ;kd wufa&;twGuf vkyyf ikd cf iG afh wG &atmifv@kd u|erf wd@k vkyaf y;&r,f? aemuf+y;D awmh
tm;vk;H udk vdu k +f y;D awmh xrif;a0zd@k r[kwb f ;l ? ud,
k x fh rif;ud, k 0f atmif &SmEdik w
f hJ t&nftcsi;f
awG/ tcGit fh vrf;awG &Szd @kd ?
11
(vufcyk =f obmoHrsm; qlnv
H su)f

u|erf wd@k qufvyk o f mG ;r,hf tvkyaf wG[m u|erf wd@k 'Dru kd a&pDukd ,k=H unfwt hJ pk
tzGŒJ awGe@J wdik w f ikd yf ifyif vkyo f mG ;r,f? trsKd ;om;'Dru kd a&pDtzGŒJ csKyq f +kd y;D tJ'v D kd u|erf wd@k xD;xD;
}u;D vkyo f mG ;rSm r[kwb f ;l ? trsm;eJ@ wlwv l ufw+JG y;D awmh vkyo f mG ;r,f? tJ't D rsm;udk 0ef;&H&rSm
jynfoyl ?J jynfoal wG r0ef;&HbJ u|erf wd@k bmrSvyk v f @kd r&bl;? jynfow l @kd tultnDuv kd v kd @kd u|erf
wd@k awmif;w,f? awmif;wJt h cg=u&if u|erf wd@k tay:rSm ,k, H =Hk unf=unfvv kd v kd m;vm;eJ@ 'Dtif
tm;awGe@J yHyh ;kd ay;ygv@kd ? tckuwnf;uae arwWm&yfcx H m;ygw,f? tJ'aD wmh tm;awGarG;xm;?
xrif;rsm;rsm;pm;xm;vd@k ajym&rSmvnf; tm;emw,f? xrif;odyrf &Sb d ;l qd&k if b,fvkd jyefajz
&rvJv@kd ? tm;awG arG;xm;=u? ud, k u
f u kd , kd f ææ pdwt f m;a&m/ cE<mud, k t f m;a&m arG;xm;=u?
tJ't D m;awGe@J u|erf wd@k twlwl vufw+JG y;D vkyrf ,f? u|erf wd@k twlvufw+JG y;D vky=f u+yq D v kd @kd &&dS if
yef;wdik u f akd &mufatmif u|erf yGiyfh iG v fh if;vif;yJajymr,faemf? u|erf wd@k vlawGxrJ mS yef;wdik f
a&mufw[ hJ mudk rjrifvu kd &f wJo h al wG trsm;}uD;yJ? 'gayr,hf 'DreS u f efwhJ yef;wdik u f kd &nfreS ;f +yD;
av#mufomG ;&w,fqw kd hJ b0wpfc&k hJ wefz;kd u b,fvrkd S jzwfv@kd r&bl;? vlwikd ;f u tedpo P abm
ruif; ygb;l ? wpfae@us udp+P y;D oGm;rSmyJ? 'gayr,hf r+y;D cif tcsed t f wGi;f rSm tenf;qk;H ud, k b f ,f
vdk aecJw h ,f? xdik cf w hJ ,fqw kd m od=uzd@k ? u|erf wd@k awGŒwke;f rSm u|erf wd@k &ŒJ uG,v f eG o f mG ;wJh
vkyaf zmfuikd zf ufawG/ 'Dru kd a&pD&aJ bmf&b J ufawGukd u|erf *k%ðf ycsiw f ,f? tck txdjyif;jyae=u
wJh u|erf wd@k &ŒJ 'Dru kd a&pD vkyaf zmfuikd zf uf/ &Jabmf&b J ufawGukd *k%ðf ycsiw f ,f? tm;vk;H tjrefq;Hk
vkyEf ikd yf gapvd@k u|erf wd@k jynfoal wGu 0dik ;f +yD; ææ
(vufcyk o f H =obmoHrsm; tarpk use;f rmygap/ csr;f omygapqdak om toHrsm; rpJawmhay?)

+yD;yg+yD? ?

(rSwcf su?f ? y&dowfrsm;. =obmoHrsm;/ vufcyk o

f rH sm;/ toHu;l ,lr_ csK@d ,iG ;f csurf sm;a=umihf
pmom;tjzpf ajymif;vJa&;om;&mwGif tustaygut f csKd Œ use&f edS ikd yf ga=umif; óudwifarwWm
&yfct
H yfygonf?)

12
 “a':atmifqef;pk-unf. 'kwd,ajrmufEkdifiHa&;rdefŒcGef;”
trsK;d om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;ESi'hf rD u kd a&pDtiftm;pkrsm;tzG@J u 0g&ifEh idk if aH &;orm;
}uD;rsm; ouf}uD;ylaZmfyu JG kd Ek0d ifbmv (20) &ufae@u r&r;fuek ;f òrdŒe,f&dS ocifoed ;f azaetdrf
wGif ðyvkycf &hJ ma':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf wkid ;f &if;om;acgi;f aqmifrsm;wufa&mufc+hJ y;D trsK;d om;
jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;ESihf 'kw, d yifvn Hk v
D mcHazmfaqmifa&;v_y&f mS ;&ef a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk
acgi;f aqmiftjzpf w&m;0iftodtrSwðf ywm0efay;tyfcyhJ gw,f? a':atmifqef;pk=unfuvnf;
tqkyd gtcrf;tem;wufa&mufvmolrsm;/ Ekid if aH &;orm;rsm;ESio hf wif;rD', D mrsm;udk (10) rdepfe;D
yg;=umjrifah om rdeŒf cGe;f w&yfajymqkcd +hJ yD; tqkyd gred Œf cGe;f rSm olrvGwaf jrmuf+yD;aemuf 'kw, d
t}urd af jymqdak om Ekid if aH &;rdeŒf cGe;f [k qd&k ayrnf? tqkyd gred @f ceG ;f udk rl&if;twkid ;f jyefvnfazmfjy
vduk yf gw,f?

a':atmif q ef ; pk = unf

“u|erf wkŒd wkid ;f &if;om;awG[m u|erf wkŒd &JŒvkyaf zmfuidk zf uf[w k &f ŒJ vm;qkw d m u|erf
wdŒk jy&r,f? u|erf wa,mufwnf; u|erf oabmeJŒ xrf;aqmifomG ;vkŒd rjzpfygb;l ? tck'rD mS
a&mufaewmursK;d qufawGuvnf;pkw H ,f?
vl}u;D awG/ tckvm+y;D ajymaewJh bbwkŒd &JŒ rsK;d qufawG/u|erf wdŒk &JŒrsK;d qufawG u|erf
wdŒk xufi,fwhJ (88) rsK;d qufawG/ (88) xufi,fwhJ vli,fawG/ rsK;d qufawG/ 'DrsK;d qufawG/
rsK;d qufawGu 'Dwm0efawGukd quf+y;D xrf;aqmifomG ;&r,f? nDvmcHwckxuf ta&;}u;D wmu
pdw"f mwfy?J u|erf wdŒk u yifvpHk w d "f mwfudk quf+yD;&Sio f efatmifvyk o f mG ;zkŒd u aemifrsK;d quf
awGrmS vnf; wm0ef&w dS ,f? tvkyw f cku nDvmcHwckeŒJ +y;D oGm;wmr[kwb f ;l ? 'Dnv D mcHuae
+yD;awmh taumiftxnfazmfvu kd w f uhJ pd aP wGudk t"dym` ,f&&dS edS @J quf+yD; u|erf wdŒk Ekid if t H wGuf
&yfwnfomG ;Ekid zf Œdk qdw k m tm;vk;H &JŒwm0efjzpfw,f? 'DrsK;d quf wcke@J r+yD;oGm;bl;? rsK;d qufawG/
rsK;d qufawG quf+y;D awmhvyk &f OD;r,f? wdik ;f &if;om;awGtm;vk;H nDnn D w G n f w G ef ŒJ vky&f r,f? tck
'Dv0dk g&ifEh idk if aH &;orm;}uD;awG uefawmhyal ZmfyrJG mS 'Dvu dk pd aP wGtwGuq f qHk nf;+yD;vky=f uwm
tifrwefrS oifah wmfw,fvŒdk u|erf xifw,f? wpfenf;tm;jzifq h vdk @dk &&dS if 0g&ifh Ekid if aH &;orm;
}uD;rsm;/ vl}uD;rsm;u u|erf wkŒd ukd vufqifu h rf;+yD; wm0efay;vku d w f o hJ abmyJ?
tJ'aD wmh u|erf wkŒd uvnf; tckxufawmify+dk y;D vkyaf qmif&rSmayg?h u|erf wd@k +y;D vk@d &dS
&if vlvwfyidk ;f / vli,fyidk ;f tqifq h ifv h yk o f mG ;&r,f? b,fawmhrS Ekid if aH &;qdw k m +yD;w,fvŒdk
r&Sb d ;l ? Ekid if aH &;qkw
d m vlwidk ;f b,foel @J rv S nf; uif;w,fvŒdk r&Sb d ;l ? b,fawmhrS +yD;qk;H oGm;
w,fvŒdk vnf; r&Sb d ;l ?
13
 'kw, d yifvv Hk Œdk yJajymajym u|erf (21) &mpkEpS yf ifvv Hk Œkd ajymcsiw f mu (21) &mpkEpS f
tjrifawGeŒJ vnf;uku d af tmif/ (21)&mpkrmS &r,ft h cGit hf a&;awG/ vkyyf v Hk yk ef nf;/ vrf;a=umif;
awGeŒJ uku d af tmifq+dk yD;awmh u|erf uvkyv f udk w f myg? vl}uD;awGajymwJh 'kw, d yifvq Hk wdk hJ
pum;ukzd ,f&mS ;wJo h abmvnf;r[kwyf gb;l ? xyf+yD;awmh jznfq h nf;ay;wJh oabmvkŒd jrifap
csiyf gw,f? u|erf wdŒk Ekid if [ H m wu,fh jynfaxmifppk pfppfjzpfzŒkd vlwidk ;f rSm wm0ef&ydS gw,f?
[kww f mawmh u|erf u ajym&rSmyJ? u|erf u Armqkad wmh'v D t kd ajctaerSm ajymvk@d raumif;
ygb;l ? vlrsm;pk jzpfwhJ ArmawGu yk+d y;D awmhóu;d pm;&r,f? igwŒkd u vlrsm;pkqw dk m tcGit hf a&;,lzŒkd
r[kwb f ;l ? yk+d yD;awmh wm0ef,zl Œkd ? tJovdyk jJ rifygw,f? uk, d rhf mS tiftm;yk+d yD;awmh rsm;vdŒk &S&d if
wm0efy+dk yD;awmh ,l&r,f? tcGit hf a&;ukd av#m+h yD;awmh,&l r,f? 'grS vlŒodumQ eJŒnDwhJ u|erf
wd@k Eikd if t H wGuf aumif;wJt h pOftvmawG jzpfEidk rf mS yg? awmfveS af &;orm;qkw d hJ t"dym` ,fudk
azmfqw kd t hJ cgrmS q&m}uD;rif;ok0%f&ŒJ “olŒrSmwrf; ” qdw k hJ uAsmay:tajccH+yD;awmh ajymcsif
w,f? awmfveS af &;orm;&JΠpdw"f mwfqw kd m aemufq;Hk wkid /f aemufq;Hk pGe;f wkid /f tJ'u D Asmukd
zwfz;l wJo h al wG / rSwrf w d o hJ al wG odygvrd rhf ,f? 'DawmfveS af &;orm;}uD;u awmfveS af &;r+yD;cif
usq;Hk oGm;wJt h cgusawmh olu awmif;yefomG ;w,f/ tm;emygw,f/ vrf;qk;H udk olrrDawmhb;l ?
tJ'v D ydk jJ zpf&r,f? uk, d u f b,favmufvyk af y;ygw,fqw dk m ajymr,ft h pm; uk, d 'f gxh ufy+kd yD;
awmh rvkyaf y;Ekid w f mudrk auseyfEidk yf gb;l ? rvkyaf y;Ekid v f Œdk awmif;yefygw,fqw dk hJ pdw"f mwftm;
vk;H rSm &S&d r,f? tJ'v D dk pdw"f mwfrsK;d eJŒvkyo f mG ;&r,f?
tckq&dk if urBm}uD;rSm aemufq;Hk awmfveS af &;udk IT awmfveS af &;aygah emf/ 'Dvdk olwŒkd
ac:=uw,f? enf;ynmawmfveS af &;ayg?h t&ifwek ;f u pufra_ wmfveS af &;vnf; &Scd w hJ ,f? awmfveS f
a&;trsK;d rsK;d &Scd w hJ ,f? awmfveS af &;qkw d mu tajymif;tvJ}uD;wcky?J odomwJh tajymif;tvJ
}u;D wcky?J tJ'v D kd tajymif;tvJawGu u|erf wdŒk urBm}u;D wnfoa&GŒ &Sad erSmyJ? u|erf wdŒk tm;vk;H
rSm awmfveS af &;pdw"f mwfarG;w,fqw dk mu tJ'guadk jymwmyJ? acwfe@J tnD uk, d &f ŒJ wm0efudk
qk;H cef;wkid af tmif quf+yD; xrf;aqmifomG ;csiw f phJ wd yf ?J
tck u|erf wkŒd u acwfeŒJ tnD jynfaxmifppk w d "f mwfawGudk b,fawmhrqkd ckid +f rJ
oxufy+dk y;D awmh ckid +f raJ tmifvyk o f mG ;&rSm/ tqk;H &Srd mS r[kwb f ;l ? b,fawmhrS tqk;H &Srd mS r[kwf
bl;? yifvn Hk v
D mcH/ 'kw, d yifvn Hk v D mcH ac:+yD;vkŒd &S&d if +yD;+yDqw dk mrsK;d r[kwb f ;l ? yifvn Hk v D mcH
ucsrw S w f hJ qk;H jzwfcsuaf wGukd taumiftxnfazmf&r,f/ quf+yD; quf+yD;awmh yifvpHk w d f
"mwfawGudk yk+d yD;awmh ckid rf matmif/ yk+d yD;awmh us,jf yef@vŒdk óud;pm;oGm;&r,f/ u|erf cyfww dk dk
yJajymyg&ap? ay;vku d wf hJ wm0efawG/ tckay;wJw h m0efawGukd ausyeG af tmifóu;d pm;ygrh ,f? 'Dvkd
óud;pm;wJah e&mrSm 0kid ;f +yD;awmh tultnDay;=uyg? t}uH^m%fay;=uyg? oabmrwl&ifvnf;
oabmrwlb;l vkŒd ajym=uyg? aemuf+yD;awmh bmjzpfvŒdk oabmrwlwmvJ/ u|erf vkyyf u Hk idk yf Hk

14
awGudk oabmrwlwmvm;/ bmjzpfvŒdk oabmrwlwmvJqw dk mudk ajym=uyg? u|erf u tJ'D
bmjzpfvŒdk qkw d ahJ r;cGe;f u tifrwefta&;}u;D w,fvŒdk xifygw,f? róuu d b f ;l vkŒd ajym¶keH ŒJ r&bl;?
óuduw f ,fvŒdk ajym¶keH @J vnf; r&bl;? uk, d rhf mS ta=umif;tcsuf ckid cf idk rf mrm&S&d r,f? tJ'aD wmhrS
wbufu em;vnfEidk rf ,f? b,fvðdk yjyif&rvJ/ bmjzpfv@dk ðyjyifoifo h vJqw dk m oabmayguf
r,f?
'Dwm0efxrf;aqmifzŒdk 0g&ifEh idk if o H rm;}u;D rsm;jzpfwhJ vl}u;D rsm;/ u|erf wdŒk eJŒ wrsK;d quf
wnf;jzpfwhJ yk*K~ v d rf sm;/ u|erf wdŒk xufi,fwhJ (88)rsK;d qufvŒkd yJqydk gawmh/ vlvwfyidk ;f / aemuf+y;D wJh
wufopfpjzpfwhJ vli,fyidk ;f awGu tm;vk;H 0kid ;f +y;D awmh uln=D uyg? tm;vk;H 0kid ;f +y;D awmh vky=f uyg?
tm;vk;H &JŒwm0efu wa,mufcsi;f / wOD;csi;f &JŒwm0efjzpfw,fqw dk hJ pdw"f mwfudk xm;apcsiw f ,f?
u|erf wdŒk rSm tm;enf;csuaf wG &Sv d Œkd &S&d if tm;enf;csu[ f mvnf; vlwidk ;f eJ@ qkid w f ,f/ atmifjrifr_
uvnf;vlwidk ;f eJ@ qkid w f ,fqw dk hJ pdw"f mwfukd xm;apcsiw f ,f? wcsKŒd usawmh tm;enf;csuq f &dk if
igeŒJ rqkid b f ;l / atmifjrifrq _ &dk ifawmhow l @dk y/J olw@kd yJ qdw k mawGuawmh rjzpfb;l aemf? tJ'pD w d f
"mwfudk u|erf wkŒd z,f&mS ;&r,f? yk*K~ v d w f OD;csi;f / wa,mufcsi;f uvnf; 'Dvkd pdw"f mwfxm;&r,f/
tzGŒJ tpnf;wckcsi;f uvnf; tJvpdk w d "f mwfxm;&r,f? u|erf wdŒk vkyw f matmifjrif&if 'kŒd NLD
uGq+dk yD; tJvakd jymwmu tifrwefrS rSm;w,f? wcsKŒd usawmhvnf; Ekid if aH &;eJŒywfoufvŒdk
vkyw f modyt f m;r&vk@d &S&d if tJ'g NLD yJq+dk yD; vufnKd;xk;d wmvnf;&Sw d ,f? tJ'ED pS cf pk vk;H u
rrSeb f ;l ?
tm;vk;H wu,fyJ 'Dwidk ;f jynfrmS ppfreS w f hJ pdw"f mwfawmfveS af &;}uD;udk atmifatmif
jrifjrifvyk cf siw f ,fqv dk Œdk &S&d if tm;enf;csuaf wGuv kd nf; tm;vk;H eJŒ qkid w f ,fqw kd hJ pdw"f mwfxm;
&r,f? atmifjrifcsuaf wGuv kd nf; tm;vk;H eJ@qidk w f ,f qkw d hJ pdw"f mwfxm;&r,f? 'guwu,fudk
nDnw G af &;&JŒtajccHy?J u|erf wdŒk yifvpHk w d "f mwfudk xlaxmifEidk &f if u|erf wdŒk wkid ;f &if;om;tm;vk;H /
wkid ;f &if;om;xJrmS Armudx k nf+h y;D ajymvku d rf ,f/ ArmeJΠwkid ;f &if;om;qdw k m ody+f y;D ajymp&mrvdk
bl;? u|erf wkŒd vnf; wkid ;f &if;om;vlrsK;d yJ? wkid ;f &if;om;xJu wpky?J u|erf wdŒk wkid ;f &if;om;tm;vk;H
&JŒvkyaf qmifcsuaf =umifh atmifjrifw,fqw kd mudyk J a&S;¶_+yD;awmh pOf;pm;oGm;ygr,fvŒdk u|erf
uwdðyw,fyJ ajymyg&ap? u|erf uwdðyw,fvnf; ody+f y;D rajymcsib f ;l ? uwdqw dk m aocsmwnf
Ekid w
f ,fqw dk t hJ mrcHcsu&f rdS ?S u|erf vkyEf idk o f avmufvyk o f mG ;r,f? u|erf wwfEidk o f avmuf
'Dwm0efukd ausyeG af tmif vkyo f mG ;ygr,fv@dk yJ ajymyg&ap? ?”

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