MANAGEMENT

SCIENCE
PREPARED BY

Prof.N.Prasanna Balaji
 UNIT-I
Introduction to
Management
 INDEX
UNIT 1 PPT SLIDES
S.NO. TOPIC LECTURE NO.
• Introduction to Management L1
• Concepts of Management of Organiztion L2
•
importance L3
• Taylor’s Scientific L4
• FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT L5
• Fayol’s Principle of Management L6
• Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments L7
• Maslow’s theory of Human NeedsS L8
 DEFINITION
 Henri Fayol(1916):To manage is to
forecast and plan ,to organize, to
command, to coordinate and control

 Peter. F. Drucker(1955):Management is
concerned with the systematic
organization of economic Resources and
its task is to make these resources
productive.
 Nature and Features
 Management is a social process
 It also denotes a ‘a body of people’
involved in decision making
 It is inexact science
 It is an art and also science
 It is profession
 It is inter-disciplinary
 It is complex
 IMPORTANCE
 It facilitates the achievements of
goals through limited resources
 It ensures smooth sailing in case of
difficulties
 It ensures continuing in the
organization
 It ensures economy and efficiency
 It focus on group efforts
 It is the key to the economic growth
 Taylor’s Scientific Management
Theory
 F.W.Taylor –Father of Scientific
Management

 Taylor demonstrated the benefits of

increased productivity and earnings
through an experiment at
“Bethlehem Steel Works”.
 FUNCTIONS OF
MANAGEMENT
 According to Luther Gullick
P-----Planning
O------Organizing
S-----Staffing
D----Directing
Co---Coordinating
R---Reporting
B---Budgetting
 Fayol’s Principle of
Management
 Henri Fayol contributed 14 principles to
management
1. Division of Work
2. Authority
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
6. Subordination of individual interest to
group interest
 Fayol’s Principle of
Management
7.Remuneration
8.Centralization of authority
9.Scalar chain
10.Order
11.Equity
12.Stability of tenure of personnel
13.Initiative
14.Espirit de corps (Team work)
Mayo’s Hawthorne Experiments

 Mayo known for his famous experiment

at Hawthorne plant of the western
electric company, Chicago, USA, for
evaluating the attitudes and
Psychological reaction of workers on
the job situations.
Maslow’s theory of Human NeedsS
 According to him humans have 5
needs
1. Physiological needs
2. Safety needs
3. Affiliation or acceptance needs
4. Esteem needs
5. Self-actualisation needs
Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and
Theory Y
Theory X: Assumptions
1. Employees are lazy
2. They require constant guidance and
support
3. Some times they require even coersion
and control
4. Given an opportunity they would like to
avoid responsibility
5. They do not show any ambition but
always seak security
 Theory Y
Assumptions:
1. Some employees consider work as natural as
play as rest
2. They employees are capable of directing and
controlling performance on their own. They are
much committed to objectives of the
organization.
3. Higher rewards make these employees more
committed to organization.
4. Most of them are highly imaginative, creative,
and display ingenuity in handling organizational
issues.
5. Give an opportunity , they not only accept
responsibility but also look for opportunities to