-ª_ æ;xfos sDkgLÆ eGgfn] d'Vo sDkgLsf] lgoGq0fdf
/x]sf] sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ .
sDkgL;DaGwL sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug{ ag]sf] P]g
k|:tfjgf M cfly{s pbf/Ls/0fåf/f pBf]u, Jofkf/ / Joj;fosf
If]qdf nufgL k|j4{g u/L d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;df ultzLntf
Nofpg tyf sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgf, ;~rfng tyf k|zf;gnfO{ cem
a9L ;'ud, ;/n / kf/bzL{ agfpg sDkgL;DaGwL sfg"gnfO{
;+zf]wg / PsLs/0f ug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n],
k|ltlglw;efsf] 3f]if0ff, @)^# hf/L ePsf] klxnf] jif{df
k|ltlglw;efn] of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .
kl/R5]b–!
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æsDkgL P]g,
@)^#Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] P]g ;Djt\ @)^# ;fn c;f]h @) ut]b]lv
k|f/De ePsf] dflgg]5 .
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–
-s_ æsDkgLÆ eGgfn] o; P]gadf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgL
;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ æk|fOe]6 sDkgLÆ eGgfn] o; P]gadf]lhd ;+:yflkt
k|fOe]6 sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ æklAns sDkgLÆ eGgfn] k|fOe]6 sDkgLafx]ssf]
sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ .
-3_ æd'Vo sDkgLÆ eGgfn] ;xfos sDkgLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf
/fVg] sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ æljb]zL sDkgLÆ eGgfn] g]kfn /fHoaflx/ ;+:yflkt
sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ .
-5_ æ;"rLs[t sDkgLÆ eGgfn] lwtf]kq ljlgdo ahf/df
cfˆgf] lwtf]kq ;"rLs[t u/]sf] klAns sDkgL ;Demg'
k5{ .
-h_ æd'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgLÆ eGgfn] s'g} p2]Zo
k|flKtsf nflu cflh{t d'gfkmf jf artsf] /sdaf6
nfef+z jf cGo s'g} /sd ;b:ox?nfO{ ljt/0f ug{
jf e'QmfgL ug{ gkfpg] zt{df kl/R5]b–!( cGtu{t
;+:yflkt sDkgL ;Demg' k5{ .
-em_ æ;+:yfksÆ eGgfn] sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ug{sf] nflu
sfof{no;dIf bflvn ul/g] k|aGwkq tyf
lgodfjnLdf n]lvPsf] s'/fnfO{ d~h'/ u/L ;+:yfkssf]
x}l;otn] x:tfIf/ ug]{ JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-`_ ækbflwsf/LÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L
k|d'v, k|aGws, sDkgL] ;lrj, lnSjL8]6/ / ljefuLo
lhDd]jf/L lng] s'g} sd{rf/L;d]t ;Demg' k5{ .
-6_ æk|aGwkqÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq ;Demg' k5{ .
-7_ ælgodfjnLÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] lgodfjnL ;Demg'
k5{ .
-8_ æljj/0fkqÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] bkmf @# adf]lhd
k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0fkq ;Demg' k5{ .
-9_ æz]o/Æ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhLsf] ljeflht c+z
;Demg' k5{ .
-0f_ æcu|flwsf/ z]o/Æ eGgfn] o; P]gadf]lhd cu|flwsf/
z]o/sf] ?kdf hf/L ul/Psf] z]o/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-t_ æ;fwf/0f z]o/Æ eGgfn] cu|flwsf/ z]o/afx]ssf] z]o/
;Demg' k5{ .
-y_ æaf]g; z]o/Æ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] d'gfkmfaf6 ePsf]
art jf hu]8f sf]ifnfO{ k"FhLs/0f u/L
z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ cltl/Qm z]o/sf] ?kdf hf/L ul/Psf]
z]o/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] art jf hu]8f
sf]ifnfO{ k"FhLs/0f u/L z]o/sf] r'Qmf /sd j[l4 u/]sf]
cj:yf;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-b_ æz]o/wgLÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] z]o/df :jfdLTj ePsf]
JolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-w_ æl8a]~r/Æ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] hfoh]yf lwtf] /fvL jf
g/fvL sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf] C0fkq ;Demg' k5{ .
-g_ æl8a]~r/ 6«i6LÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] l8a]~r/ lgisfzg
ubf{ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] lxt ;+/If0fsf] lhDd]jf/L lng]
;+ul7t ;+:yf ;Demg' kb{5 .
-k_ æbtf{lstfaÆ eGgfn] bkmf $^ adf]lhd v8f ul/Psf]
z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfsf] btf{lstfa ;Demg' k5{ .
-km_ æsDkgLsf] 5fkÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] k|of]u ug{]
sDkgLsf] 5fk ;Demg' k5{ .
-a_ ælwtf]kq af]8{Æ eGgfn] lwtf]kq lgoldt / Jojl:yt
ug{ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;+:yfkgf ePsf] lwtf]kq
af]8{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-e_ ælwtf]kqÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf] z]o/, a08,
l8a]~r/ jf C0fkq ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
2
lwtf]kqsf] w/f}6L;DaGwL e/kfO{ tyf lwtf]kq;DaGwL
xs / clwsf/kq;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-d_ æ;~rfnsÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;Demg' k5{ /
;f] zAbn] j}slNks ;~rfns;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-o_ æ;~rfns ;ldltÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns
;ldlt ;Demg' k5{ .
-/_ æk|aGw ;~rfnsÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] k|aGw ;~rfns
;Demg' k5{ .
-n_ ælk|ldod d"Nosf] z]o/Æ eGgfn] z]o/sf] clÍt
d"NoeGbf a9L d"Nodf laqmL x'g] u/L sDkgLn] hf/L
u/]sf] z]o/ ;Demg' k5{ .
-j_ æv'b ;DklQ -g]6 jy{_Æ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] tTsfn
sfod /x]sf] s'n hfoh]yfaf6 r'Qmf k"FhL tyf
z]o/wgLsf] xs nfUg] h'g;'s} gfdfs/0f ul/Psf]
hu]8f, sf]if jf ;l~rt d'gfkmf jf sDkgLsf] s'g}
Voflt eP ;f]afx]ssf] cGo ;Dk"0f{ bfloTj /sd /
;+slnt gf]S;fgL eP ;f];d]t s§f u/L afFsL /x]sf]
/sdnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-z_ æ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfÆ eGgfn] k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf]
tTsfn sfod /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ z]o/wgLx¿n] sDkgLsf]
;~rfngsf ;DaGwdf ;j{;Ddltaf6 u/]sf] ;Demf}tf
;Demg' k5{ .
-if_ æsfof{noÆ eGgfn] sDkgLsf] k|zf;g ug{ g]kfn
;/sf/n] v8f u/]sf] sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{no
;Demg' k5{ .
-;_ æ/lhi6«f/Æ eGgfn] sfof{nosf] /lhi6«f/ ;Demg' k5{ .
 -x_ æ:jtGq ;~rfnsÆ eGgfn] bkmf *^ sf] pkbkmf -#_
adf]lhd lgo'Qm :jtGq ;~rfns ;Demg' k5{ .
-If_ æcbfntÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf]
;xdlt lnO{ g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L
tf]lslbPsf] cbfntsf] jfl0fHo Ohnfz ;Demg' k5{ .
-q_ æglhssf] gft]bf/Æ eGgfn] Psf;uf]nsf] c+lzof/ jf
klt, kTgL, afa', cfdf, ;f;", ;;'/f, bfh' efO, lbbL,
alxgL, efph", a'xf/L, ;fnf, ;fnL, legfh', sfsf,
sfsL, dfdf, dfOh", 5f]/f, 5f]/L, 5f]/fa'xf/L, gflt,
gfltgL, gfltgLa'xf/L jf HjfFO{+ ;Demg' k5{ .
-1_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] g]kfn
;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L
tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhd ;Demg' k5{ .
kl/R5]b–@
sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgf
#= sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgf M -!_ d'gfkmfsf] p2]Zo lnO{ s'g} pBd
ug{ rfxg] JolQmn] PSn} jf c?;Fu ;d"xa4 eO{ k|aGwkqdf
pNn]v ePadf]lhd Ps jf PseGbf a9L p2]Zo k|flKtsf
nflu sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ klAns sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgfsf] nflu sDtLdf
;fthgf ;+:yfks x'g' kg]{5 .
t/ s'g} klAns sDkgLn] csf]{ klAns sDkgL
;+:yfkgf ubf{ ;fthgf ;+:yfkssf] cfjZostf kg]{ 5}g .
-#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg kl/R5]b–!( df ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL Ps
jf PseGbf a9L p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{
sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
3
$= sDkgL ;+:yfkgfsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ M -!_ bkmf #
adf]lhd sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgf ug{ rfxg] JolQmn]
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ tyf b]xfosf
sfuhftx¿;d]t ;+nUg /fvL sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg'
kg]{5 M–
-s_ k|:tfljt sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq,
-v_ k|:tfljt sDkgLsf] lgodfjnL,
-u_ klAns sDkgL eP sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ug'{cl3
;+:yfksx¿aLr s'g} ;Demf}tf ePsf] /x]5 eg]
To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk,
-3_ k|fOe]6 sDkgL eP ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tf ePsf]
/x]5 eg] To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk,
-ª_ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd s'g} vf; k|sf/sf]
Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{ sDkgL btf{
ug'{cl3 k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd s'g} lgsfosf]
k"j{–:jLs[lt jf Ohfht lng' kg]{ Joj:yf
ul/Psf] eP To:tf] :jLs[lt jf Ohfhtkq,
-r_ g]kfnL gful/s ;+:yfks ePdf gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk / ;+ul7t ;+:yf
;+:yfks ePdf To:tf] ;+:yfsf] btf{ k|df0fkq,
sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ug]{];DaGwL ;~rfns
;ldltsf] lg0f{o / To:tf] ;+:yfsf]
;+:yfkgf;DaGwL k|d'v lnvtx?,
-5_ ljb]zL JolQm jf sDkgL jf lgsfo ;+:yfks
ePdf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd g]kfndf nufgL
jf Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ug]{ af/]df k|fKt
cg'dltkq,
 -h_ ljb]zL JolQm ;+:yfks ePdf lgh s'g d'n'ssf]
gful/s xf] ;f] k|dfl0ft ug]{ lnvt,
-em_ ljb]zL sDkgL jf lgsfo ;+:yfks ePdf To:tf]
sDkgL jf lgsfosf] ;+:yfkgfsf] k|df0fkqsf]
k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk tyf ;+:yfkgf;DaGwL k|d'v
lnvtx? .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
Ps JolQm dfq ;+:yfks /x]sf] Psn z]o/wgL ePsf]
sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgfsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfsf] lgodfjnLnfO{
g} ;+:yfksn] :jLsf/ ug{ d~h'/ u/]df k|:tfljt sDkgLsf]
lgodfjnL k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
%= sDkgL btf{ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ bkmf $ adf]lhd sDkgL ;+:yfkgf
ug{ lgj]bg k/]df sfof{non] cfjZos hfFra'em u/L lgj]bg
k/]sf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq To:tf] sDkgL btf{ u/L
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bsnfO{ sDkgL btf{sf] k|df0fkq
lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgL btf{ ePkl5 sDkgL
;+:yfkgf ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf sfof{non] sDkgL btf{lstfa /fVg]5 .
-$_ o; bkmfadf]lhd sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ePkl5 o;
P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLdf n]lvPsf s'/fx¿
sDkgL / o;sf k|To]s z]o/wgL tyf z]o/wgLx¿aLr Ps
cfk;df ePsf] 5'§f5'§} ;Demf}tfdf ul/Psf] Joj:yf;/x
sDkgL / o;sf z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ aGwgsf/L x'g]5g\ .
-%_ o; P]gadf]lhd sDkgL btf{ gu/L s'g} JolQmn]
sDkgL zAbsf] k|of]u u/L s'g} kmd{ jf ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 s'g}
klg lsl;dsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
4
^= sDkgL btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ b]xfosf] s'g}
cj:yfdf sfof{non] sDkgL btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ k|:tfljt sDkgLsf] gfdcl3 btf{ eO{ sfod
/x]sf] s'g} sDkgLsf] gfd;Fu ldNg] ePdf jf
e|d l;h{gf x'g ;Sg] u/L To:tf] sDkgLsf]
gfd;Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] x'g] ePdf,
-v_ k|:tfljt sDkgLsf] gfd jf p2]Zo k|rlnt
sfg"gljk/Lt ePdf jf ;fj{hlgs lxt,
g}ltstf, ;bfrf/, lzi6frf/ cflb s'g}
b[li6sf]0fn] cg'ko'Qm jf cjf~5gLo b]lvPdf jf
kmf}hbf/L sfo{sf] cfzo emNsg] b]lvPdf,
-u_ k|:tfljt sDkgLsf] gfd o; P]gadf]lhd btf{
vf/]hLdf k/]sf] jf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd
bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] sDkgLsf] gfd;Fu ldNg]
ePdf jf e|d l;h{gf x'g ;Sg] u/L ldNbf]h'Nbf]
x'g] ePdf / To;/L btf{ vf/]hLdf k/]sf] jf
bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] cjlw kfFr jif{ k"/f
eOg;s]sf] ePdf,
-3_ o; P]gadf]lhd sDkgL ;+:yfkgf x'gsf] lgldQ
cfjZos zt{x¿ k"/f gePdf .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt s'g} cj:yf k/L
sfof{non] s'g} sDkgL btf{ ug{ OGsf/ u/]sf]df ;f]sf]
sf/0f;lxtsf] ;"rgf bkmf $ adf]lhd sDkgL ;+:yfkgf
ug{sf] nflu lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq lgj]bsnfO{
lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sfof{non] s'g} sDkgL btf{
ug{ OGsf/ u/]df jf pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;"rgf glbPdf
lrQ ga'‰g] JolQmn] kGw| lbgleq cbfntdf ph'/ ug{
;Sg]5 .
&= sDkgL ;+ul7t ;+:yf x'g] M -!_ o; P]gadf]lhd ;+:yflkt
sDkgL cljlR5Gg pQ/flwsf/jfnf Ps :jzfl;t / ;+ul7t
;+:yf x'g]5 .
-@_ sDkgLn] o; P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL JolQm;/x rn
crn ;DklQ k|fKt ug{, /fVg, a]rlavg ug{ jf cGo
lsl;dn] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] gfdaf6 gfln; ph'/ ug{ /
sDkgLpk/ klg ;f]xL gfdaf6 gfln; ph'/ nfUg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ sDkgLn] JolQm;/x s/f/ ug{ / s/f/adf]lhdsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ tyf bfloTj lgjf{x ug{ ;Sg]5 .
*= bfloTj ;Lldt x'g] M o; P]gadf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgLsf]
sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf z]o/wgLsf] bfloTj lghn] vl/b u/]sf]
jf vl/b ug{ sa'n u/]sf] z]o/sf] clwstd /sd;Dd dfq
;Lldt /xg]5 .
(= z]o/wgLx¿sf] ;+Vof M -!_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLx¿sf]
;+Vof krf;eGbf a9L x'g' x'Fb}g .
-@_ bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zsf]
cwLgdf /xL klAns sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLx¿sf] ;+Vof sDtLdf
;fthgf / a9Ldf hlt;'s} klg x'g ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ z]o/ laqmL ug]{ of]hgf cGtu{t sDkgLsf]
z]o/ vl/b u/]sf sd{rf/L jf To:tf] of]hgf cGtu{t z]o/
vl/b u/L;s]sf t/ tTsfn sDkgLsf] ;]jfdf g/x]sf
sd{rf/LnfO{ z]o/wgLsf] ?kdf u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
!)= sDkgLn] kfng ug'{ kg]{ zt{x¿ M o; P]gadf]lhd ;+:yflkt
sDkgLn] of] P]g, k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf n]lvPsf
zt{x¿sf cltl/Qm b]xfosf zt{x¿sf] kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 M–
5
-s_ cfk"mn] ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/f]af/x¿ ;f] sDkgLsf]
gfdaf6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] cfˆgf] gfdsf] k5fl8 æk|fOe]6
lnld6]8Æ / klAns sDkgLn] cfˆgf] gfdsf] k5fl8
ælnld6]8Æ n]Vg' kg]{5 .
t/ d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgLsf] xsdf of]
Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-u_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/
v'Nnf?kdf laqmL ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-3_ k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf Joj:yf
ul/Psf] sfo{ljlw k"/f gu/L k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] cfˆgf]
lwtf]kq z]o/wgLx¿afx]s cGo JolQmnfO{ lwtf] aGws
/fvL jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] xs 5f8L lbg x'Fb}g .
-ª_ sDkgLn] ;fem]bf/L jf k|fOe]6 kmd{ vf]Ng x'Fb}g .
-r_ o; P]gdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s d'gfkmf
ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgLn] cfˆgf ;b:ox?nfO{ nfef+z
ljt/0f ug{ jf ;b:o jf lghsf glhssf gft]bf/nfO{
k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kn] s'g} /sd e'QmfgL ug{
x'Fb}g .
!!= klAns sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhL M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf jf
g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L s'g} vf;
sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhL a9L x'g' kg]{ u/L cGoyf Joj:yf
ul/Psf]df afx]s klAns sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhL sDtLdf Ps
s/f]8 ?k}ofF x'g' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg of] P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt ;f]xL pkbkmfdf plNnlvt
r'Qmf k"FhL gePsf] klAns sDkgLn] ;Djt\ @)^% ;fn
 cflZjg @@ ut]leq pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k"FhL sfod ug'{
kg]{5 .
!@= s]xL vf; sf/f]af/ ug{ klAns sDkgL x'g' kg]{ M o; P]gdf
cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}lÍË sf/f]af/,
ljQLo sf/f]af/, aLdf Joj;fo;DaGwL sf/f]af/, lwtf]kq
ahf/;DaGwL Joj;fo, lgj[Qe/0f sf]if jf ;fd"lxs art
sf]if -Do'Ro'cn km08_ ;~rfng ug]{ sDkgL jf
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] cGo Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{
sDkgL klAns sDkgLsf] ?kdf ;+:yfkgf x'g' kg]{5 .
!#= k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft x'g] M -!_ s'g} k|fOe]6
sDkgL b]xfosf cj:yfdf o; bkmfadf]lhd klAns sDkgLdf
kl/0ft x'g]5 M–
-s_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] ljz]if k|:tfj
kfl/t u/L ;f] sDkgLnfO{ klAns sDkgLdf
kl/0ft ug]{ lg0f{o u/]df,
t/ klAns sDkgL x'gsf] lgldQ o;
P]gadf]lhd cfjZos zt{x¿ k"/f gu/]df
k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft x'g
;Sg] 5}g .
-v_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] kRrL; k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf
a9L z]o/ Ps jf PseGbf a9L klAns sDkgLn]
vl/b u/]df,
t/ o; v08adf]lhdsf] k|ltzt lgwf{/0f
ubf{ s'g} a}lÍË jf ljQLo sDkgLn] 6«i6Lsf]
?kdf z]o/x¿ sAhfdf lnPsf] cj:yfdf To:tf]
z]o/sf] u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
-u_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] s'g} klAns sDkgLsf] kRrL;
k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ vl/b u/]df .
6
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ sf] cj:yfdf ;f] v08df
plNnlvt lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk ;+nUg /fvL ;DalGwt k|fOe]6
sDkgLn] klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu To;/L lg0f{o
ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq sfof{no;dIf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
b:t'/;lxt tf]lsPadf]lhd lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sfof{no;dIf lgj]bg k|fKt
x'gcfPdf ;DalGwt k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] o; P]gadf]lhd klAns
sDkgLsf] ?kdf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu cfjZos
zt{x¿ k"/f u/]sf] ePdf sDkgL btf{lstfadf To:tf]
sDkgLnfO{ klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft u/]sf] Joxf]/fhgfO{ ;f7L
lbgleq tf]lsPadf]lhd sDkgL kl/0ft ePsf] k|df0fkq lbg'
kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ jf -u_ sf] cj:yf k/L
s'g} k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft ug'{ kg]{ ePdf
To:tf] cj:yf ;[hgf ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq ;Dk"0f{
Joxf]/f v'nfO{ ;DalGwt k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] klAns sDkgLdf
kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu sfof{no;dIf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
b:t'/;lxt tf]lsPadf]lhd lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd sfof{no;dIf lgj]bg k|fKt
x'g cfPdf To:tf] sDkgLn] o; P]gadf]lhd klAns sDkgLn]
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ k"/f ug'{ kg]{ zt{x? k"/f u/]sf] eP
sfof{non] sDkgL btf{lstfadf To:tf] sDkgLnfO{ klAns
sDkgLdf kl/0ft u/]sf] Joxf]/fhgfO{ tf]lsPadf]lhd sDkgL
kl/0ft ePsf] k|df0fkq lbg' kg]{5 .
-^_ o; bkmfadf]lhd s'g} k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns
sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePdf ;f] sDkgLsf] ;xfos sDkgL;d]t
;f]xL ldltb]lv :jtM klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePsf]
dflgg]5 .
 -&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft
ePsf]df sDkgL btf{lstfadf To:tf ;xfos sDkgL klAns
sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePsf] Joxf]/fhgfO{ k|df0fkq lngsf] nflu
sfof{no;dIf cfjZos sfuhft;lxt lgj]bg lbg] bfloTj
;DalGwt sDkgLsf] x'g]5 .
-*_ o; bkmfadf]lhd s'g} k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns
sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePdf To;/L kl/0ft ePsf] ldltb]lv o;
P]gadf]lhd klAns sDkgLsf] ;DaGwdf nfu" x'g] Joj:yfx¿
To:tf] sDkgLnfO{ :jtM nfu" ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-(_ o; bkmfadf]lhd s'g} k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns
sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePsf]df To;/L kl/0ft ePsf] k|fOe]6
sDkgLsf] ;a} ;DklQ tyf bfloTjx¿ kl5Nnf] sDkgLdf
;g]{5 .
!$= klAns sDkgL k|fOe]6 sDkgLdf kl/0ft x'g] M -!_ b]xfosf]
cj:yfdf s'g} klAns sDkgL o; bkmfadf]lhd k|fOe]6
sDkgLdf kl/0ft x'g]5 M–
-s_ s'g} klAns sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLsf] ;+Vof
;fthgfeGbf sd ePdf,
-v_ klAns sDkgLn] bkmf !! adf]lhd cfˆgf] r'Qmf
k"FhL sfod ug{ g;s]df jf bkmf %& adf]lhd
k"FhL 36fPsf] sf/0fn] bkmf !! adf]lhdsf] r'Qmf
k"FhL sfod g/x]df .
t/ bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] sDkgLsf]
xsdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cj:yf k/]df ;DalGwt
klAns sDkgLn] 5 dlxgfleq cfˆgf] k|aGwkq /
lgodfjnLdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg u/L k|fOe]6 sDkgLdf kl/0ft
ug'{ kg]{5 .
7
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;+zf]wg ePsf] k|aGwkq /
lgodfjnLsf] k|ltlnlk ;+nUg /fvL ;DalGwt klAns sDkgLn]
k|fOe]6 sDkgLdf kl/0ft x'gsf] nflu To;/L ;+zf]wg ePsf]
tL; lbgleq sfof{no;dIf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] b:t'/;lxt
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd sfof{no;dIf lgj]bg k|fKt
x'g cfPdf sDkgL btf{lstfadf To:tf] sDkgLnfO{ k|fOe]6
sDkgLdf kl/0ft u/]sf] Joxf]/f hgfO{ ;f7L lbgleq
tf]lsPadf]lhd k|fOe]6 sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePsf] k|df0fkq lbg'
kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd klAns sDkgL k|fOe]6
sDkgLdf kl/0ft ePdf To;/L kl/0ft x'g] klAns sDkgLsf]
;a} ;DklQ tyf bfloTjx¿ kl5Nnf] sDkgLdf ;g]{5 .
!%= Dofb, ;"rgf cflb tfd]n ug]{ M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} sDkgL, ;~rfns, z]o/wgL,
l8a]~r/jfnf jf sd{rf/LnfO{ sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/ jf
sDkgL;Fu ;Da4 ljifosf] ;DaGwdf s'g} ;"rgf, Dofb,
aGb;jfn cflb tfd]n ug'{ k/]df ;f] sDkgLsf] /lhi68{
sfof{nodf To:tf] ;"rgf, Dofb, aGb;jfn cflb a'emfPdf jf
/lhi6«L u/L x'nfsdfk{mt k7fPdf jf To:tf] sfof{nodf
/flvPsf] 6]lnˆofS;, Od]n, 6]n]S; jf o:t} cGo ljB'tLo
pks/0fdfk{mt k7fPdf /Ltk"j{s tfd]n ePsf] dflgg]5 .
To;/L s'g} ;"rgf, Dofb, aGb;jfn OToflb tfd]n x'g
g;s]df ;DalGwt sDkgL, ;~rfns jf sd{rf/LnfO{ /]l8of],
6]lnlehg jf /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf tT;DaGwL ;"rgf
k|;f/0f jf k|sfzg u/L ;f]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg ;lsg]5 .
To;/L ul/Psf] ;"rgfnfO{ lghn] hfgsf/L kfPsf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
sDkgLsf s'g} ;~rfns, z]o/wgL, l8a]~r/jfnf jf s'g}
sd{rf/LnfO{ sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 jf s'g} clwsf/ k|fKt
 clwsf/L jf cbfntsf] tkm{af6 kbLo sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt
ljifodf s'g} Dofb, ;"rgf, aGb;jfn cflb tfd]n ug'{ k/]df
To:tf] ;~rfns, z]o/wgL jf sd{rf/Ln] lghsf] 6]n]S;,
Od]n, 6]lnˆofS;sf] 7]ufgf lbPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] 7]ufgfdf
/ To:tf] 7]ufgf glbPsf] cj:yfdf x'nfsåf/f kqfrf/ ug{
lbPsf] 7]ufgfdf x'nfsåf/f /lhi6«L u/L k7fpg ;lsg]5 /
To;/L k7fOPsf]df To:tf] ;"rgf, Dofb, aGb;jfn cflb
/Ltk"j{s tfd]n ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
sDkgLn] o; P]gadf]lhd s'g} z]o/wgL, l8a]~r/jfnf jf
;~rfnsnfO{ k7fpg' kg]{ ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpFbf
jf lghx?af6 s'g} hfgsf/L k|fKt ubf{ sDkgLsf]
lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd jf lghx?sf] ;xdlt
ePdf ljB'tLo ;~rf/ dfWodsf] k|of]u u/L lghx?n] pknAw
u/fPsf] ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf] 7]ufgfdf k7fpg ;lsg]5 .
t/ ljB'tLo ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 To:tf] ;"rgf jf
hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{ ;xdlt glbg] z]o/wgL, l8a]~r/jfnf jf
;~rfnsnfO{ x'nfs jf cGo e/kbf]{ dfWodaf6 To:tf] ;"rgf
jf hfgsf/L k7fpg' kg]{5 .
!^= /lhi6«f/sf] sfd / st{Jo M -!_ o; P]gsf] sfof{Gjog tyf
sDkgLsf] k|zf;g ug{] st{Jo /lhi6«f/sf] x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts"n gx'g] u/L
o; P]gsf] sfof{Gjog tyf sDkgLsf] k|zf;g;DaGwL sfo{
k|efjsf/L jf Jojl:yt ?kdf ;Dkfbg ug{sf] nflu /lhi6«f/n]
cfjZos lgb]{lzsf agfO{ hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f] lgb]{lzsfsf]
kfngf ug'{ u/fpg' k|To]s sDkgL tyf kbflwsf/Lsf] st{Jo
x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf] lgb]{lzsf
;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ pknAw x'g ;Sg] u/L k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
8
-$_ /lhi6«f/n] o; P]g cg';f/ cfk"mnfO{ k|fKt
clwsf/dWo] s]xL clwsf/ cfjZostf cg';f/ cfˆgf]
dftxtsf] s'g} clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
s'g} lgodgsf/L lgsfon] k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd s'g}
sDkgLnfO{ lbPsf] lgb]{zg jf To:tf] sDkgLsf ;DaGwdf ;f]
lgsfon] k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd k|of]u ug]{ clVtof/LnfO{ o;
bkmfn] ;Lldt u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
!&= ;+:yfkgfk"j{ s/f/ M -!_ sDkgL ;+:yfkgf x'g'eGbf cl3
u/]sf] s/f/ k|:tfljt s/f/ dfq x'g]5 / To:tf] s/f/
sDkgLsf nflu aGwgsf/L x'g] 5}g .
-@_ sDkgL ;+:yfkgf x'g' cufj} s'g} JolQmn] sDkgLsf]
tkm{af6 s'g} sf/f]af/ u/]df jf ;fk6L lnPdf To;/L ul/Psf]
sf/f]af/;Fu ;DalGwt s/f/k|lt pkbkmf -#_ sf] cwLgdf /xL
To:tf] JolQmn] JolQmut ?kdf lhDd]jf/L axg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ s'g} sf/f]af/df plNnlvt ;doleq jf sDkgL
;+:yfkgf eO{;s]kl5 dgfl;a ;doleq sDkgLsf] sfd
sf/afxL, Jojxf/ jf cfr/0faf6 cfk"mn] sf/f]af/ z'? ug]{
clwsf/ k|fKt u/]sf] ldlteGbf cl3 ePsf sfd sf/afxL jf
lnPsf] ;fk6LnfO{ :jLsf/ u/]df jf To:tf] sfd sf/afxLk|lt
;xdlt hgfpdf ;f] sf/f]af/ sDkgL tyf s/f/sf] csf]{
kIfsf] nflu afWofTds x'g]5 / sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 To:tf]
sfd sf/afxL ug]{ JolQmn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Joxf]g'{ kg]{
JolQmut bfloTjaf6 5'6 k|fKt ug]{5 .
-$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg k|fOe]6 sDkgL ;+:yfkgf x'g' cufj} ePsf s/f/sf
;DaGwdf To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf
n]lvPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
 kl/R5]b–# -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPsf s'/fx¿sf] cltl/Qm
k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL tyf ljj/0fkq b]xfosf s'g} s'/f ul/g] jf x'g] ePdf To:tf s'/fx¿;d]t
k|aGwkqdf pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]5{ M–
!*= k|aGwkq M -!_ sDkgLsf] k|aGwkqdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v
ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 M– -s_ ;+:yfks jf cGo s'g} JolQmn] gubafx]s c?
s'g} lsl;daf6 z]o/ vl/b ug{] jf z]o/df xs
-s_ sDkgLsf] gfd, kfpg] eP ;f] s'/f,
-v_ sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{no /xg] 7]ufgf, -v_ sDkgLn] sf/f]af/ z'? ubf{sf] avt ;+:yfks jf
cGo s'g} JolQmaf6 s'g} lsl;d;Fu s'g} ;DklQ
-u_ sDkgLsf] p2]Zo, k|fKt ug]{ eP ;f] s'/f,
-3_ sDkgLsf] p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ ul/g] sfdx¿, -u_ sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgf ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ sDkgLn]
-ª_ sDkgLsf] clws[t k"FhLsf] cÍ, sDkgLn] tTsfn g} Joxf]g'{ kg]{ eP ;f] s'/f,
hf/L ug]{ z]o/ k"FhLsf] cÍ / sDkgLsf] -3_ ;+:yfks jf cGo s'g} JolQmn] sDkgLaf6 s'g}
;+:yfksn] r'Qmf ug{ sa'n u/]sf] cÍ, ljz]if ;x'lnot jf clwsf/ kfpg] eP ;f] s'/f .
-r_ sDkgLsf] z]o/sf] lsl;d, To:tf z]o/df lgxLt -#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ df pNn]v ePadf]lhd
xs, clwsf/, k|To]s z]o/sf] d"No / ljleGg ;+:yfks jf cGo s'g} JolQmn] gubafx]s c? s'g} lsl;daf6
k|sf/sf] z]o/ ;+Vof, z]o/ vl/b ubf{ jf z]o/df xs k|fKt ubf{ gubafx]s cGo
-5_ z]o/ vl/b jf x:tfGt/0f ug{ s'g} aGb]h /x]sf] s'/fsf] / v08 -v_ df pNn]v eP cg';f/ sDkgLsf] sfd
eP ;f] s'/f, z'? ubf{sf] cj:yfdf ;+:yfks jf cGo s'g} JolQmaf6
sDkgLn] s'g} ;DklQ k|fKt ubf{ klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf
-h_ ;+:yfksx¿n] tTsfn lng sa'n u/]sf] z]o/ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd d"NofÍg ug{ k|df0fkqk|fKt OlGhlgo/
;+Vof, jf n]vf Joj;foLaf6 To:tf] ;DklQsf] d"NofÍg u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-em_ z]o/sf] /sd e'QmfgLsf zt{x¿,
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd s'g} ;DklQsf] d"NofÍg ug]{
-`_ z]o/wgLx¿sf] bfloTj ;Lldt /xg] s'/f, cfwf/ tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 / To;/L gtf]lsPsf]df To:tf]
;DklQ d"NofÍg ug]{ JolQmn] ;DklQsf] ljj/0f d"NofÍg
-6_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf z]o/wgLx?sf] ubf{sf] cfwf/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
clwstd ;+Vof,
-%_ k|aGwkq o; P]g;Fu aflemPdf aflemPsf] xb;Dd
-7_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx¿ . :jtM ab/ x'g]5 .
9
 -^_ k|aGwkqsf] 9fFrf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 . -s_
!(= k|aGwkqdf ;xL5fk ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ k|aGwkqdf sDkgLsf]
;+:yfksx¿sf] k"/f gfd / 7]ufgf pNn]v u/L k|To]s -v_
;+:yfksn] s] slt z]o/ lng d~h'/ u/]sf] xf] ;f];d]t
b]vfOPsf] / lghx¿ ;a}sf] ;xL5fk k/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . -u_
-@_ k|To]s ;+:yfkssf] nflu 5'§f5'§} ;fIfLsf] gfd /
7]ufgf k|i6;Fu v'n]sf] x'g' kg]{5 / To:tf] ;fIfLsf] -3_
;xL5fk;d]t k|aGwkqdf k/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ k|To]s ;+:yfksn] ;f] sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf
tf]lsPadf]lhd / To;/L gtf]lsPsf]df sDtLdf Ps ;o lsQf -ª_
z]o/ vl/b ug{ d~h'/ u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ePsf] Ps jif{leq sDkgLsf] -r_
;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{on] bkmf $ adf]lhd lbOPsf]
lgj]bg;fy k]z ul/Psf] k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf b]lvPsf
;fdfGo q'6L jf 5kfO{ jf 6fOksf] uNtLnfO{ ;RofO{ kfpg -5_
sfof{no;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;lsg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf To;pk/
5fglag u/L pko'Qm b]v]df sfof{non] To:tf] q'6L jf
uNtLnfO{ ;RofO{ ;f]sf] clen]v /fVg]5 . -h_
t/ sDkgLsf] d"n p2]Zodf km/s kg]{ u/L s'g} s'/f
;Rofpg ;lsg] 5}g . -em_ ;~rfnsx¿sf] clVtof/L tyf clVtof/Lsf]
k|Tofof]hg,
@)= lgodfjnL M -!_ k|aGwkqdf plNnlvt p2]Zox¿ k|fKt ug{ /
sDkgLn] cfˆgf] sfd sf/afxL ;'Aojl:yt ?kn] ;~rfng ug{ -`_
lgodfjnL agfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ lgodfjnLdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ePsf] x'g' -6_
kg]{5 M– -7_
10
sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg] tl/sf, ;efsf]
nflu lbg' kg]{ ;"rgf;DaGwL s'/fx¿,
;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfo{ljlw,
;~rfnssf] ;+Vof, j}slNks ;~rfnssf]
Joj:yf eP ;f] s'/f / ;~rfnssf] sfo{sfn,
;fwf/0f ;ef tyf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf]
clen]v / To;sf] k|ltlnlk tyf lg/LIf0f;DaGwL
Joj:yf,
s'g} JolQmn] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns lgo'Qm x'g
z]o/ lng' kg]{ eP Go"gtd z]o/ ;+Vof,
klAns sDkgL eP :jtGq ;~rfnssf] of]Uotf
/ ;+Vof,
z]o/wgLafx]ssf] cGo s'g} Jofj;flos
JolQmnfO{ ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug]{ eP lghx?sf]
;+Vof, sfo{sfn, of]Uotf tyf lgo'lQm
k|lqmof;DaGwL Joj:yf,
;~rfns ;ldlt / k|aGw ;~rfnssf] clwsf/
/ st{Jox¿,
;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] u0fk"/s ;+Vof,
a}7ssf] ;"rgf tyf a}7ssf] sfo{ljlw,
z]o/df lnog /xg] s'/f,
ljleGg ju{sf z]o/x? / To:tf z]o/df lgxLt
xs, clwsf/ tyf aGb]hx?,
 -8_ z]o/afktsf] /sdsf] e'QmfgLsf] dfu tyf z]o/ -$_ lgodfjnLsf] 9fFrf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
hkmt;DaGwL Joj:yf,
@!= k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg M -!_ sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f
-9_ z]o/ x:tfGt/0f;DaGwL Joj:yf, ;efn] ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L bkmf ^ sf] cwLgdf /xL
k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-0f_ z]o/ k"FhL yk36 ug{] s'/f,
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf
-t_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm}+ vl/b ug{] eP ;f] ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] Joxf]/fsf] hfgsf/L sDkgLn] tL; lbgleq
s'/f, sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 / sfof{non] To:tf] hfgsf/L k|fKt
u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq clen]v u/L ;DalGwt sDkgLnfO{
-y_ sDkgL ;lrjsf] lgo'lQm, To;sf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-b_ ;~rfnssf] kfl/>lds, eQf / ;'ljwf;DaGwL -#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
Joj:yf, s'g} sDkgLn] cfˆgf] gfd ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df ;fwf/0f ;efdf
-w_ cfˆgf] sf/f]af/df 5fk k|of]u ug]{ eP sDkgLsf] ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] b:t'/;lxt
5fksf] k|of]u, sfof{nosf] k"j{:jLs[ltsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 / To;/L
k|fKt ePsf] lgj]bg cg';f/ gfd ;+zf]wg ug{ sfof{non]
-g_ sDkgLsf] n]vf, lx;falstfa tyf n]vfk/LIf0f, :jLs[lt lbPdf sDkgLsf] gfd ;+zf]wg x'g]5 .

-k_ C0f jf l8a]~r/ p7fpg ;Sg] Joj:yf, -$_ klAns sDkgLsf] p2]Zodf ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] s'/fdf
lrQ ga'em]df ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ ;f] ;+zf]wgnfO{ cdfGo
-km_ sDkgL ufleg] s'/f, 3f]lift u/fpg ;f] sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLn] cbfnt;dIf b]xfosf
zt{x? k"/f u/L lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 M–
-a_ s'g} vf; Joj;fo ug]{ sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf
v'nfpg' kg]{ egL k|rlnt sfg"gdf s'g} Joj:yf -s_ ;+zf]wg jf kl/jt{g ug{ ;xdlt k|bfg ug]{ jf
ul/Psf] eP To:tf] s'/f, dt lbg] z]o/wgLx¿afx]s sDkgLsf] r'Qmf
k"FhLsf] sDtLdf kfFr k|ltzt z]o/ lng]
-e_ lgodfjnLdf v'nfpg' kg]{ cGo cfjZos z]o/wgL jf z]o/wgLx?n] lgj]bg lbg' kg]{,
s'/fx¿ .
-v_ sDkgLsf] p2]Zo ;+zf]wg ug]{ k|:tfj kfl/t
-#_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Lsf] arfp ePsf] PSsfO; lbgleq lgj]bg lbO;s]sf] x'g'
;DaGwdf lgodfjnLdf ul/Psf] s'g} Joj:yfnufot of] P]g kg]{,
tyf k|aGwkq;Fu s'g} Joj:yf aflemPdf aflemPsf] xb;Dd
ab/ x'g]5 . -u_ lgj]bg lbg kfpg] clwsf/ ePsf Ps jf
PseGbf a9L z]o/wgLx¿sf tkm{af6 s;}n]
11
 lgj]bg lbg' kbf{ ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu lnlvt
?kdf clwsf/ lbOPsf] JolQmn] lgj]bg lbg'
kg]{ .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] lgj]bgsf] Joxf]/f,
ldlt, ;do / :yfgsf] ;DaGwdf sDkgLnfO{ klg hfgsf/L
lbPsf] 5 eGg] af/]df cbfnt ;Gt'i6 geP;Dd ;f]
lgj]bgpk/ ;'g'jfO{ x'g] 5}g .
t/ ;DalGwt sDkgLn] ;f] ;"rgf a'lem glnPsf] Joxf]/f
cbfnt;dIf k]z ePsf] sfuhftaf6 b]lvPdf cbfntaf6
;'g'jfO{ x'g afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd cbfntdf lgj]bg k/]sf]df
cbfntaf6 ;f] ljifodf clGtd lg0f{o jf cfb]z geP;Dd
sDkgLsf] p2]Zodf ul/Psf] ;+zf]wg k|efjsf/L x'g] 5}g .
-&_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bgpk/ cbfntn]
b]xfosf zt{ tyf cj:yfx? tf]sL pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] p2]Zodf ePsf] ;+zf]wg k"0f{ jf
cf+lzs ?kdf dfGo jf cdfGo 3f]lift ug{,
-v_ sDkgLsf] d"n p2]Zo kl/jt{g ug]{ s'/fdf
c;xdt eO{ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg]
z]o/wgLx¿n] lnPsf] z]o/ tyf cGo xs plrt
d"Nodf sDkgLn] vl/b ug{,
-u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd z]o/ vl/b ubf{ bkmf ^! sf]
pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] /sdaf6 ug{' kg{] /
To:tf] /sd gx'g] sDkgLsf] xsdf sDkgLn]
ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L To;/L z]o/ vl/b
u/]sf] xb;Dd z]o/ k"FhL 36fP;/x dflgg] u/L
sDkgLsf] k"FhL 36fpg] cfb]z lbg] / To:tf]
12
cfb]z ePsf]df sDkgLn] cfˆgf] k|aGwkq tyf
lgodfjnLdf o; P]gsf Joj:yfx?sf] cwLgdf
/xL ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ of] P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
cbfntsf] cfb]z cg';f/ sDkgLsf] p2]Zo ;+zf]wg ug{
sDkgLn] u/]sf] lg0f{o k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf ab/ ug]{ cfb]z
hf/L u/]sf] eP cbfntsf] cg'dlt ljgf jf cbfntsf]
cfb]zljk/Lt x'g] u/L ;f] ljifodf sDkgLn] k|aGwkq jf
lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5}g .
-(_ cbfntsf] cfb]zaf6 sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq jf
lgodfjnLdf kl/jt{g ul/Psf] ePdf jf sDkgLn] u/]sf]
;+zf]wg k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf cbfntaf6 cg'df]bg ul/Psf]
ePdf To:tf] kl/jt{g jf cg'df]bg sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f
;efaf6 g} kl/jt{g jf cg'df]bg ePsf];/x dfgL nfu"
ul/g]5 .
@@= k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ klAns sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL sf/f]af/ z'? ug]{ Ohfht k|fKt
u/]sf] tLg dlxgfleq k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ klAns sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLdf s'g}
;+zf]wg ePdf To:tf] ;+zf]wg ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq ;+zf]lwt
k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnL k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd k|sfzg ul/Psf]
k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnL klAns sDkgLn] ;/f]sf/jfnfåf/f
dfu ePsf] avt pknAw u/fpg ;lsg] u/L sDkgLsf]
/lhi68{ sfof{nodf /fVg' kg]{5 .
@#= ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ klAns sDkgLn] cfˆgf]
lwtf]kq ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg ug'c
{ ufj} ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ug'{
kg]{5 .
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ug'{cl3
sDkgLsf ;a} ;~rfnsx?n] ljj/0fkqdf ;xL 5fk u/L
:jLs[ltsf] nflu lwtf]kq;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd
lwtf]kq af]8{;dIf lnlvt ?kdf lgjb]g lbg' kg{]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lwtf]kq af]8{n] :jLs[t u/L
;fj{hlgs lgisfzgsf] cg'dlt k|bfg u/L To:tf]
ljj/0fkqsf] Ps k|lt sfof{nodf btf{ gu/fP;Dd s'g} klg
sDkgLn] jf ;f] sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 s'g} JolQmn] To:tf]
sDkgLsf] ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ug{ u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] ljj/0fkqdf s'g}
dxTjk"0f{ s'/f pNn]v ug{ 5'6 ePsf] jf cgfjZos s'/f
pNn]v ePsf] b]lvPdf lwtf]kq af]8{n] To:tf] ljj/0fkqdf
sfg"gadf]lhd cfjZos ;+zf]wg jf yk36 ug{ nufO{
k|sfzg ug{ :jLs[lt k|bfg ug]{5 .
@$= ljj/0fkqdf n]lvPsf] s'/fsf] hjfkmb]xL M -!_ bkmf @#
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] ljj/0fkq lwtf]kq
af]8{åf/f :jLs[t ePdf ;DalGwt sDkgLn] ;f] s'/fsf]
hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf lwtf]kq af]8{sf] :jLs[ltkqsf]
k|ltlnlk;lxt sfof{nonfO{ lbg]5 / ;f] hfgsf/L k|fKt
ePkl5 sfof{non] o; bkmfadf]lhd ljj/0fkq btf{ ug{]5 .
t/ o; P]gdf Joj:yf ePsf s'g} s'/f kfngf gePsf]
b]lvPdf sfof{non] btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ sfof{non] pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd btf{ u/]sf]
ljj/0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk s'g} klg JolQmn] dfu u/]df tf]lsPsf]
z'Ns lnO{ lbg' kg{]5 .
-&_ sDkgLn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljj/0fkq k|sfzg
ubf{ ;f] ljj/0fkq lwtf]kq af]8a{ f6 :jLs[lt k|fKt u/]sf] /
sfof{nodf btf{ u/]sf] s'/f ldlt;d]t pNn]v u/L v'nfPsf]
x'g' kg]{5 .
13
-*_ k|To]s ljj/0fkqsf] cfj/0f k[i7df To:tf]
ljj/0fkq o; bkmfadf]lhd btf{ ePsf] / ;f] ljj/0fkqdf
plNnlvt s'/fx¿sf ;DaGwdf lwtf]kq af]8{ jf sfof{non]
s'g} klg lsl;dsf] lhDd]jf/L axg ug'{ gkg]{ s'/f;d]t pNn]v
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-(_ lwtf]kq af]8{n] s'g} sDkgLsf] ljj/0fkq :jLs[t
ug'{cl3 ;DalGwt sDkgLn] o; P]gsf] Joj:yfsf] kfngf
ePsf] ;DaGwdf lwtf]kq af]8{;dIf pb\3f]if0f ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f]
;DaGwdf lwtf]kq af]8{n] cfjZos b]v]df sfof{nosf] /fo
lng ;Sg]5 .
-!)_ ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ubf{ k"/f ug'{ kg]{ cGo
sfo{ljlw / ljj/0fkqdf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/fx¿ lwtf]kq
sf/f]af/;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd x'g]5 .
adf]lhd k|sfzg ePsf] ljj/0fkqdf n]lvPsf s'/fx¿sf]
kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] st{Jo tyf bfloTj x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0fkqdf pNn]v ePsf
s'/fx¿sf] hjfkmb]xL ;f] ljj/0fkqdf ;xL5fk ug]{
;~rfnsx¿sf] x'g]5 .
-#_ ablgot;fy jf hfgfhfgL e"m§f s'/fx¿ pNn]v
u/L ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ul/Psf] /x]5 / ;f] ljj/0fkqdf
ljZjf; u/L lwtf]kq vl/b u/]sf] sf/0faf6 s'g} JolQmnfO{
xflg gf]S;fgL x'g uPsf] /x]5 eg] To;/L x'g uPsf]
jf:tljs xflg gf]S;fgLsf] Ifltk"lt{ ljj/0fkqdf ;xL5fk ug]{
;~rfnsn] JolQmut ?kdf Joxf]g{' kg]{5 .
t/ ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ug]{ ljifodf sDkgLaf6 lg0f{o
x'g'eGbf cufj} /fhLgfdf lbg] jf ljj/0fkqdf e"m§f s'/f
n]lvPsf] yfxf kfO{ lwtf]kq laqmL jf afF8kmfF8 x'g'cl3 g} ;f]
s'/fsf] ;"rgf ;j{;fwf/0fn] yfxf kfpg] u/L k|sfzg ug]{ jf
 ljj/0fkqdf n]lvPsf] Joxf]/f unt xf] eGg] yfxf lyPg egL
k|dfl0ft ug]{ ;~rfnsn] To:tf] Ifltk"lt{ Joxf]g'{ kg]{ 5}g .
@%= k|ltlnlk lbg' kg]{ M -!_ k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL, ljj/0fkq,
jflif{s lx;fa / n]vfk/LIf0f jf ;~rfnssf] k|ltj]bg jf
sDkgLn] sfof{nodf k]z u/]sf] s'g} lnvtsf] k|ltlnlk s'g}
z]o/wgL jf c? s'g} ;/f]sf/jfnfn] dfu u/]df ;DalGwt
sDkgLn] lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lnO{ To:tf] lnvtsf]
k|ltlnlk pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
t/ klAns sDkgLsf] eP hf] ;'s}n] klg dfu ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt sDkgLaf6 To:tf
lnvtx¿sf] k|ltlnlk pknAw gu/fPdf sfof{non] tf]lsPsf]
b:t'/ lnO{ cfk"m;Fu /x]sf] clen]vaf6 To:tf] lnvtx¿sf]
k|ltlnlk pknAw u/fpg]5 .
@^= sDkgLsf] 5fk / ;f]sf] k|of]u M -!_ cfˆgf] sf/f]af/df 5fk
k|of]u ug{ rfxg] sDkgLn] :ki6 b]lvg] cIf/df cfˆgf] gfdsf]
5fk agfpg' kg{]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] 5fk k|of]u ug]{ sDkgLsf]
tkm{af6 k]z x'g] k|ltj]bg, clen]v tyf sDkgLsf] gfdaf6
k|of]u x'g] Jofkfl/skq, lx;falstfasf] ljj/0f, aLn, lahs,
dfu cfb]z kmf/fd, s'g} ;"rgf tyf sDkgLsf cflwsfl/s
k|sfzgx¿, ljlgd]o clwsf/kq, ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq /
sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 ;xL ul/Psf jf hf/L ul/Psf cflwsfl/s
lnvtx¿df k|of]u ug'{ kg{]5 .
-#_ s'g} JolQmn] sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 pkbkmf -@_ df
pNn]v ePsf lnvtx¿df ;xL ubf{ sDkgLsf] gfd
gv'nfPdf To:tf] JolQm g} ;f]sf] nflu JolQmut ?kdf
hjfkmb]xL x'g]5 .
14
kl/R5]b–$
z]o/ / l8a]~r/
@&= z]o/sf] clÍt d"No / b/vf:t M -!_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf]
z]o/sf] clÍt d"No lgodfjnLdf tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ klAns sDkgLsf] z]o/sf] clÍt d"No k|lt z]o/
krf; ?k}ofF jf bz cÍn] efu hfg] ;f]eGbf a9L cÍn] x'g
cfpg] u/L k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf
ePadf]lhdsf] /sd a/fa/ x'g]5 .
-#_ klAns sDkgLn] z]o/ vl/bsf] nflu b/vf:t
cfJxfg ubf{ k|lt z]o/sf] clÍt d"Nosf] krf; k|ltzteGbf
a9L /sd b/vf:t;fy dfu ug'{ x'Fb}g .
t/ sDtLdf tLg jif{cl3b]lv ;~rfngdf /x]sf
sDkgLn] ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ubf{ cfˆgf] cl3Nnf] tLg jif{sf]
n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] cfly{s ljj/0f k|sfzg u/L k"FhL p7fpFbf
of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-$_ klAns sDkgLsf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ rfxg] JolQmn]
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf b/vf:t lbg' kg]{5 .
@*= z]o/sf] afF8kmfF8 M -!_ klAns sDkgLn] z]o/ vl/bsf] nflu
;j{;fwf/0f;dIf b/vf:t cfJxfg u/]sf]df z]o/ lgisf;g
aGb ePsf] ldltn] a9Ldf tLg dlxgfleq z]o/sf] afF8kmfF8
u/L z]o/wgLnfO{ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf ;"rgf lbg'
kg]{5 .
t/ ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg ul/Psf] z]o/sf] sDtLdf
krf; k|ltzt z]o/ vl/b ug]{ af/]df k|Tofe"lt ;Demf}tf
gePsf] cj:yfdf ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg ul/Psf] hDdf z]o/sf]
sDtLdf krf; k|ltzt z]o/ laqmL x'g g;Sg] ePdf z]o/sf]
afF8kmfF8 ug{' x'Fb}g .
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zdf plNnlvt @(= lk|ldod d"Nosf] z]o/ hf/L ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yf
sf/0fn] ubf{ ;f] pkbkmfdf plNnlvt Dofbleq z]o/sf] k"/f ug]{ s'g} sDkgLn] sfof{nosf] k"j:{ jLs[lt lnO{ lk|ldod
afF8kmfF8 x'g g;s]sf] Joxf]/f v'nfO{ sDkgLn] ;f] Dofb d"Nosf] z]o/ hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
gf3]sf] ;ft lbgleq lgj]bg lbPdf sfof{non] z]o/
afF8kmfF8sf] nflu tLg dlxgf;Ddsf] Dofb ylklbg]5 . o;/L -s_ nuftf/ tLg jif{;Dd sDkgL d'gfkmfdf
Dofb yk ul/Psf] cjlwleq klg z]o/ afF8kmfF8 x'g g;s]df ;~rfng eO{ nfef+z ljt/0f u/]sf],
To;/L afF8kmfF8 x'g g;s]sf z]o/x? sDkgLn] jftf{ jf cGo
s'g} tl/sfn] afF8kmfF8 ug{ ;Sg]5 . -v_ sDkgLsf] ;Dk"0f{ bfloTjeGbf v'b ;DklQ
-g]6jy{_ a9L ePsf],
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq klg
z]o/sf] afF8kmfF8 x'g g;s]df To:tf] Dofb e'Qmfg ePsf] -u_ sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] lk|ldod d"Nosf z]o/
lbgb]lv z]o/ vl/bafkt k|fKt /sd / To:tf] /sddf lkmtf{ hf/L ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] .
a'emfpg] lbg;Ddsf] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] Aofh;d]t lkmtf{ lbg' -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lk|ldod d"Nodf z]o/ laqmL
kg]{5 . ePsf]df ;f]af6 k|fKt /sddWo] clÍt d"NoeGbfa9L /sd
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ /sd lkmtf{ lk|ldod vftf vf]nL hDdf ug'{ kg{]5 .
ug{ gk'u ePdf gk'u eP hlt /sd ;+:yfksx¿n] JolQmut -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] vftfdf /x]sf] /sdnfO{
?kdf Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 . sDkgLn] b]xfosf sfdsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd z]o/sf] afF8kmfF8 ubf{ -s_ hf/L gul/Psf] z]o/ k"FhLdWo]af6
e]befjk"0f{ tl/sfn] jf s'g} nufgLstf{nfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ k"0f{ d"No r'Qmf ePsf] af]g;
k'¥ofpg] lgotn] afF8kmfF8 ePsf]df ;f] ljifodf s'g} z]o/ afF8kmfF8 u/L hf/L ug{,
nufgLstf{n] ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ ;f] ljifopk/ cbfnt;dIf
ph'/L lbg ;Sg]5 . -v_ lkmtf{ x'g] s'g} cu|flwsf/ z]o/ lkmtf{ ubf{ ltg'{
kg]{ lk|ldodsf] ;DaGwdf /sd Joj:yf ug{,
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd ph'/L kg{ cfPdf sDkgLsf]
s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] hfgL hfgL of] bkmfsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] jf -u_ sDkgLn] u/]sf] k|f/lDes vr{ ldGxf ug{,
To:tf] pNn+3g ug{ s;}nfO{ cg'dlt lbPsf] sf/0faf6 s'g}
nufgLstf{nfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;f]sf] Ifltk"lt{ -3_ sDkgLsf] z]o/ hf/L ug]{ ;DaGwdf ePsf] vr{
/ d'2f dfldnfdf ePsf] dgfl;a vr{;d]t To:tf] jf e'QmfgL ul/Psf] sldzg jf l8:sfp06 /sd
kbflwsf/Laf6 JolQmut ?kdf e/fpg] u/L cbfntn] cfb]z Joxf]g{ jf zf]wegf{ ug{ .
lbg ;Sg]5 .

15
 -$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lk|ldod d"Nosf] z]o/ hf/L
ug{ sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt dfu ubf{ tLg jif{sf] n]vfk/LIf0f
ePsf] cfly{s ljj/0f sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
#)= km/s clwsf/ ePsf z]o/ / To:tf z]o/wgLsf] clwsf/ M
-!_ sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf u/L
sDkgLn] km/s–km/s clwsf/ x'g] u/L ljleGg ju{sf z]o/x?
hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df
afx]s s'g} vf; ju{sf z]o/wgLsf] clwsf/df s'g} x]/km]/ ug'{
k/]df ;DalGwt ju{sf z]o/wgLx?sf] :jLs[lt cfjZos
kg]{5 .
t/ s'g} csf]{ ju{sf z]o/wgLx¿sf] xs clwsf/df
k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ u/L s'g} vf; ju{sf z]o/wgLx¿sf]
clwsf/df x]/km]/ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd vf; ju{sf z]o/df /x]sf]
clwsf/df x]/km]/ ug]{ ljifodf ePsf] lg0f{opk/ lrQ ga'‰g]
ju{sf sDtLdf bz k|ltzt z]o/sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{
z]o/wgLn] ;f] x]/km]/ u/]sf] lg0f{o ab/ u/L kfpF egL
cbfntdf lgj]bg lbPdf cbfntn] cGoyf lg0f{o jf cfb]z
gu/];Dd To:tf] ju{sf z]o/wgLx?sf] clwsf/df x]/km]/ ug]{
af/]df ePsf] lg0f{o nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-$_ vf; ju{sf z]o/df /x]sf] clwsf/ kl/jt{g ug]{
lg0f{o ePsf] tL; lbgleq pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg'
kg]{5 / ;f] Dofb Joltt geP;Dd pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf]
lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-%_ ;DalGwt ju{sf z]o/wgLnfO{ k|fKt clwsf/ x]/km]/
ubf{ lgj]bs z]o/wgLx?sf] clxt x'g] b]lvPdf ;f] ju{sf
z]o/wgLx?sf] clwsf/df x]/km]/ ug]{ af/]df ul/Psf] lg0f{o
cbfntn] ab/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
16
-^_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd s'g} vf; ju{sf
z]o/wgLx?sf] clwsf/ x]/km]/ ug]{;DaGwL k|:tfj ;~rfns
;ldltn] ;DalGwt ju{sf z]o/wgLx?sf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] k|:tfj ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ljz]if k|:tfjsf]
?kdf kfl/t ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
z]o/wgLsf] x}l;otn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs
:jfldTj ePsf] sDkgL lghLs/0f;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g
cg';f/ lghLs/0f ubf{ To:tf] sDkgLdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
nufgL sfod /x];Dd b]xfosf] ljifodf lg0f{o ubf{
lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljz]if
dtflwsf/ /xg ;Sg]5 M
-s_ bkmf !)% sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_
adf]lhd xs 5fl8 lbg] k|:tfjpk/ lg0f{o ubf{,
-v_ sDkgLsf] :j]lR5s vf/]hL;DaGwL lg0f{o ubf{,
-u_ sDkgLnfO{ csf]{ sDkgLdf ufEg] lg0f{o ubf{ .
#!= z]o/sf] ljj/0f sfof{nodf k7fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] lgisfzg
tyf afF8kmfF8 ePsf] z]o/sf] lsQf, To;sf] hDdf /sd, ;f]
z]o/ lng]sf] gfd, 7]ufgf / z]o/lkR5] c;"n ePsf] / c;"n
x'g afFsL /sdsf] lx;fa z]o/ afF8kmfF8 ePsf] tL; lbgleq
sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ z]o/ afF8kmfF8 x'Fbf s'g} z]o/sf] d"No gubafx]s
cGo tj/af6 k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf e'QmfgL ul/Psf] ePdf
z]o/ afF8kmfF8af6 ;f] z]o/df xs k|fKt ug]{ JolQmnfO{ z]o/
laqmL jf ;]jfsf] s/f/ jf cGo s] s:tf] s] k|ltkmnafkt
z]o/ afF8kmfF8 ePsf] xf] ;f];DaGwL lnvt / afF8kmfF8
ul/Psf] z]o/ ;+Vof tyf To:tf] z]o/sf] clÍt d"No / slt
xb;Dd z]o/sf] d"No r'Qmf ePsf] dflgg] xf] ;f]sf]
ljj/0f;d]t sDkgLn] sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
#@= lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ ug]{ M -!_ s'g} klAns sDkgLn] cfˆgf]
lwtf]kq ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ lgisfzg ubf{ To:tf] lwtf]kq laqmL,
afF8kmfF8, /sd c;"nL h:tf ;a} sfo{sf nflu sf/f]af/ ug{
dfGotfk|fKt lwtf]kq Joj;foLdfk{mt dfq sf/f]af/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ klAns sDkgLn] s'g} ;+:yfdfk{mt lwtf]kq sf/f]af/
ug]{ ;DaGwdf u/]sf] ;Demf}tfsf] Ps k|lt To:tf] ;Demf}tf
ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq sfof{nodf lbg' kg]{5 .
##= z]o/ k|df0fkq M -!_ k|To]s z]o/wgLnfO{ lghn] lnPsf]
z]o/afkt z]o/ afF8kmfF8 ePsf] ldltn] b'O{ dlxgfleq klAns
sDkgL eP s'g} ;~rfns jf sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf
sDkgL ;lrjdWo] s'g} b'O{hgfsf] / k|fOe]6 sDkgL eP
lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt JolQmsf]
b:tvt / sDkgLsf] 5fk eP 5fk nufO{ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf z]o/ k|df0fkq lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L JolQmx¿n] ;femf u/L lnPsf]
z]o/afkt z]o/ k|df0fkq lb+bf lghx¿sf] gfd
k|df0fkqdfhgfO{ ;f]dWo] s;}nfO{ z]o/ k|df0fkq lbg
;lsg]5 .
t/ z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfadf eg] ;a} z]o/wgLsf] gfd
hgfpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ z]o/ k|df0fkq x/fPdf, b}jL k/L jf cGo s'g}
sf/0fn] gi6 ePdf z]o/wgLn] To;/L z]o/ k|df0fkq x/fPsf],
b}jL k/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] gi6 ePsf] yfxf x'gf;fy
sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd s'g} lgj]bg kg{ cfPdf
sDkgLn] ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos ;a} s'/f a'emL lgj]bgdf
plNnlvt Joxf]/f dgfl;a b]lvP k|ltlnlkafkt lgodfjnLdf
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lnO{ lgj]bsnfO{ csf]{ z]o/ k|df0fkq lbg'
17
kg]{5 / ;f] s'/f z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfadf klg hgfO{ /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
;"rLs[t sDkgLn] lwtf]kq lgIf]k ;]jf k|bfg ug{ k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd clwsf/k|fKt lwtf]kq /lhi6«f/nfO{ bkmf $^ sf]
pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd btf{lstfa /fVg nufPsf] eP
z]o/wgLnfO{ z]o/ k|df0fkqsf] ;§f lwtf]kq lgIf]k kf;a's jf
lgh z]o/wgL ePsf] k|dfl0ft ug]{ cGo s'g} k|df0fkq lbg]
Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-^_ s'g} z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfn] wf/0f u/]sf] z]o/
jf l8a]~r/sf] ;+Vof v'nfO{ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] clwsf/k|fKt
kbflwsf/Lsf] ;xL / sDkgLn] 5fk k|of]u ug]{ eP ;f] k|of]u
u/L hf/L u/]sf] k|df0fkq To:tf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/pk/
lghsf] :jfldTjsf] k|f/lDes k|df0f x'g]5 .
-&_ s'g} sDkgLn] k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd Ohfhtk|fKt
lwtf]kq sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglwnfO{ s'g} z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/ afF8kmfF8 u/]sf] jf To:tf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/
x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] eP To:tf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf ;DaGwdf
pkbkmf -!_ sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
#$= C0f jf l8a]~r/ p7fpg] M -!_ s'g} klAns sDkgLn] C0f jf
l8a]~r/ p7fpg cfjZos 7fg]df To;sf] sf/0f, To;af6
;DkGg x'g] sfo{ of]hgf / To;sf] nflu cfjZos ah]6;d]t
lgwf{/0f u/L sDkgLsf] crn hfoh]yf lwtf] jf aGws /fvL
jf g/fvL C0f jf l8a]~r/ p7fpg ;Sg]5 .
t/ sf/f]af/ z'? ug]{ :jLs[lt lnO{ cfˆgf] hf/L k"FhL
k"0f{?kdf r'Qmf geP;Dd l8a]~r/ p7fpg ;lsg] 5}g .
-@_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
pkbkmf -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLn] cl3Nnf ;fx"x¿nfO{
n]lvlbPsf] ;'/If0fn] vfd];Dd ;f]xL ;'/If0f /fvL cl3sf] ;fx"
 / y}nL;d]t ;a} :ki6 b]vfO{ c? C0f jf l8a]~r/ p7fpg
;Sg]5 .
-#_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
sDkgLn] lnP jf lbPsf] C0fsf] zt{, efvf / Aofh;DaGwL
s'/fx¿ ;fx" / cf;fdLsf aLrdf ePsf] lnvt jf
s/f/adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ sDkgLn] pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd C0f jf
l8a]~r/ p7fpg] ePdf To;sf] sf/0f;lxtsf] hfgsf/L
sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
#%= l8a]~r/ p7fpg] sfo{ljlw M -!_ klAns sDkgLn] o;
P]gadf]lhd l8a]~r/ lgisfzg ubf{ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] Joj:yf
u/L l8a]~r/ lgisfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] l8a]~r/ 6«i6L
lwtf]kq af]8{af6 :jLs[ltk|fKt l8a]~r/ 6«i6L x'g' kg]{5 .
-@_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6L /fvL l8a]~r/ lgisfzg ubf{ ;fx"
cf;fdL;DaGwL s'/f To:tf] 6«i6L / sDkgLaLr x'g]
;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ l8a]~r/ z]o/df kl/0ft x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf k|aGwkq
jf lgodfjnLdf ul/Psf] jf l8a]~r/ lgisfzg ug'{cl3 g} ;f]
zt{ pNn]v ul/Psf] eP z]o/ k"FhL;DaGwL o; P]gsf
k|fjwfgsf] cwLgdf /xL s'g} l8a]~r/ z]o/df kl/0ft ug{
;lsg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd l8a]~r/ z]o/df kl/0ft
ul/g] eP ;f] s'/f ljj/0fkqdf :ki6 ?kdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
s'g} klAns sDkgLn] lgisfzg u/]sf] l8a]~r/ vl/b ug]{
;DaGwdf sDkgL / s'g} JolQmaLr ;DkGg s/f/sf] kl/kfngf
u/fpgsf] nflu cbfntn] cfjZos 7fg]df oyfjt\
kl/kfngfsf] cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
18
#^= l8a]~r/ 6«i6L / sDkgLaLr ;Demf}tf x'g' kg]{ M -!_ s'g}
sDkgLn] p7fpg] l8a]~r/sf ;DaGwdf l8a]~r/ lgisfzg
ug]{ sDkgL / l8a]~r/jfnfx¿sf] lxt ;+/If0f ug{ 6«i6Lsf]
?kdf sfd ug]{ l8a]~r/ 6«i6LaLr ;Demf}tf x'g' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;Demf}tf ubf{ To:tf]
;Demf}tfdf b]xfosf s'/fx¿ v'nfpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] d"NofÍg,
kl/of]hgf ljZn]if0f jf Joj:yfkg ljZn]if0f ug{
u/fpg ;Sg] s'/f,
-v_ l8a]~r/jfnfn] vl/b u/]sf] l8a]~r/sf] ;fjfF /
Aofh e'QmfgL ug]{ ;do, Aofh b/, ;fFjf Aofh
e'QmfgL ug]{ k|lqmof / l8a]~r/nfO{ z]o/df
kl/0ft ug]{ Joj:yf eP tT;DaGwL s'/f,
-u_ sDkgLsf] hfoh]yfdf c? ;fx"sf] xs /
eljiodf pTkGg x'g] bfloTjsf ;DaGwdf ePsf]
Joj:yf;DaGwL s'/f,
-3_ ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt zt{x¿ pNn+3g ePdf jf
k"/f gu/]df jf cGo s'g} dgfl;j sf/0fn]
sDkgLsf] cfly{s sf/f]af/ lgoGq0fdf lng' kg]{
ePdf jf ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] lwtf] sAhfdf lng'
kg]{ ePdf l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] To:tf] sDkgLsf]
hfoh]yf jf ;DklQ jf l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] lwtf]
hdfgtdf lnPsf] ;DklQ cfˆgf] sAhfdf lng
;Sg] jf lwtf] hdfgt cfkm}n] /fVg jf lnnfd
a9fa9 jf cGo pko'Qm tl/sfn] laqmL ug{
;Sg] s'/f,
-ª_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] ;]jf z'Ns tyf cGo k|ToIf
vr{x¿ sDkgLn] e'Qmfg ug'{ kg]{ k|lqmof;DaGwL
s'/f,
 -r_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] x}l;otn] sfo{ ubf{ sDkgL jf
l8a]~r/jfnfnfO{ s'g} xflg gf]S;fgL jf 3f6f
ePdf lhDd]jf/L jxg gug]{ s'/f,
-5_ sDkgL lj36g ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf pTkGg ePdf
l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] l8a]~r/jfnfsf] tkm{af6 ug{
;Sg] sfg"gL sf/afxL / l8a]~r/jfnfsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ s'/f,
-h_ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] lxt ;+/If0f;DaGwL cfjZos
cGo s'/f .
-#_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] l8a]~r/jfnfsf] lxt ;+/If0fsf]
lgldQ sDkgLsf] hfoh]yf ;'/If0f:j?k lng / To:tf] ;'/If0f
k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd cfˆgf] gfddf kfl/t u/fO{ /fVg
;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ;'/If0f lng'cl3 l8a]~r/
6«i6Ln] cfjZos 7fg]df ;'/If0fdf lnOg] ;DklQ jf
hfoh]yfsf] d"NofÍg tyf sDkgLsf] kl/of]hgf ljZn]if0f jf
Joj:yfkg ljZn]if0f;d]t ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ o; bkmfadf]lhd l8a]~r/ 6«i6L / sDkgLsf]
aLrdf ;Demf}tf eO;s]kl5 To:tf] sDkgLn] yk l8a]~r/
p7fpg] ePdf l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
#&= l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] hfFra'em ug{ / ljj/0f dfu ug{ ;Sg] M
l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] ?kdf sfd ug{ sDkgL;Fu
;Demf}tf ug'{cl3 b]xfosf ljifodf cfjZos hfFra'em ug{ /
ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L lng jf dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 / To;/L
dfu ePdf ;DalGwt sDkgLn] ;f] pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf C0f jf l8a]~r/
p7fpg ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 jf 5}g / To:tf] Joj:yf
19
ePdf To;/L l8a]~r/ p7fpg] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]
clwsf/ ;f] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ 5 jf 5}g,
-v_ sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLadf]lhd l8a]~r/
6«i6Ldfk{mt l8a]~r/ p7fpg ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 jf 5}g,
-u_ sDkgLsf] df}h'bf hfoh]yfn] p7fpg] l8a]~r/sf] d"No
vfDg ;Sg] l:ylt 5 jf 5}g,
-3_ sDkgLsf cGo ;fx" tyf bfloTjx¿;DaGwL ljifo,
-ª_ sDkgLsf] jf;nft tyf n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg,
-r_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cGo cfjZos ljifo .
#*= sDkgLn] l8a]~r/ 6«i6L;dIf cfjlws ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ M
-!_ bkmf #^ adf]lhd sDkgL / l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] aLrdf
;Demf}tf eP kl5 sDkgLn] k|To]s 5 dlxgfdf cfly{s
sf/f]af/;DaGwL cfˆgf] ljj/0f l8a]~r/ 6«i6L;dIf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-@_ l8a]~r/ p7fO ;s]kl5 sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgdf
kl/jt{g ePdf jf :jfldTjdf s'g} lsl;dsf] kl/jt{g ePdf
To;/L kl/jt{g ePsf] ;ft lbgleq ;f]sf] hfgsf/L sDkgLn]
l8a]~r/ 6«i6LnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd sDkgLn] k]z u/]sf]
ljj/0f jf hfgsf/Lsf] cltl/Qm s'g} ljifodf yk ljj/0f,
hfgsf/L jf ;"rgf cfjZos k/]df l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln]
sDkgLaf6 To:tf] ljj/0f, hfgsf/L jf ;"rgf dfu ug{
;Sg]5 / To;/L dfu u/]sf] ljj/0f, hfgsf/L jf ;"rgf
l8a]~r/ 6«i6LnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' sDkgLsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
#(= l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] clwsf/ / bfloTj M -!_ sDkgLn] bkmf #^
adf]lhd ePsf] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt s'g} zt{ pNn+3g u/]df
l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] To:tf] sDkgLnfO{ ;f] zt{ oyfzL3| k"/f ug{
jf lglZrt Dofb tf]sL l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ;fFjf Aofh lkmtf{ ug{
dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lkmtf{ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 jf
cGo dgfl;j sf/0fn] sDkgLsf] cfly{s sf/f]af/ lgoGq0fdf
lng' kg]{ jf ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf] lwtf] sAhfdf lng' kg]{ ePdf
l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] k|rlnt sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL To:tf]
sDkgLsf] hfoh]yf, ;DklQ jf lwtf]kq cfˆgf] sAhfdf lng
;Sg]5 / To;/L sAhfdf lnPsf] hfoh]yf jf ;DklQ cfkm}n]
/fVg jf lnnfd a9fa9 u/L jf gu/L laqmL ug{ jf cGo
pko'Qm Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf] hfoh]yf sAhf
u/]kl5 hfoh]yf laqmLaf6 p7]sf] /sdaf6 l8a]~r/jfnfsf]
/sd e'QmfgL ul/g]5 . l8a]~r/jfnfsf] /sd e'QmfgL u/L
s'g} /sd afFsL /x]df ;f] /sd l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] ;DalGwt
sDkgLnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] lwtf] lnPsf] hfoh]yf l8a]~r/ 6«i6L cfkm}n]
;sf/L lnPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] lwtf] jf
sAhfdf lnO{ laqmL u/]sf] ;DklQaf6 p7]sf] /sdaf6
l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd r'Qmf x'g g;Sg] ePdf l8a]~r/
6«i6Ln] l8a]~r/jfnfnfO{ bfdf;fxLsf] lx;faaf6 /sd e'QmfgL
ug]{5 / l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] ;DklQaf6 To:tf] gk'u /sd
Joxf]l/g] 5}g .
-%_ s'g} l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] l8a]~r/ wgLsf] lxtdf sfd
ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f b]vfO{ To:tf] l8a]~r/ 6«i6L x6fO{ kfpg
krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L] l8a]~r/ lnPsf] l8a]~r/ wgLn]
lwtf]kq af]8{;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
20
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bg hfFra'em ubf{
Joxf]/f dgfl;j b]lvPdf lwtf]kq af]8{n] To:tf] l8a]~r/
6«i6LnfO{ x6fO{ csf]{] l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] Joj:yf ug]{5 .
$)= l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] ;]jf z'Ns lng] M -!_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln]
l8a]~r/ 6«i6Lsf] x}l;otdf sfd u/]afkt sDkgL;Fu ;]jf
z'Ns lng ;Sg]5 . To:tf] ;]jf z'Nssf] /sd l8a]~r/ 6«i6L
/ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] aLrdf ePsf] ;Demf}tfadf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] l8a]~r/jfnf jf sDkgLsf] tkm{af6
s'g} sfd ubf{, sDkgLsf] hfoh]yfsf] d"NofÍg ubf{, sAhf
ubf{ jf lnnfd laqmL ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs vr{ ;DalGwt
sDkgL;Fu c;"n u/L lng ;Sg]5 .
$!= l8a]~r/ 6«i6LnfO{ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] clwsf/ x'g] M -!_ l8a]~r/
p7fpg] sDkgL lj36g ePdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] To:tf]
sDkgL bfdf;fxLdf k/]df l8a]~r/ 6«i6Ln] l8a]~r/jfnfsf]
tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{5 .
-@_ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ;fFjf Aofh lkmtf{sf] nflu jf cGo
s'g} sf/0faf6 l8a]~r/jfnfsf] tkm{af6 d'2f ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf
k/]df l8a]~r/ 6«i6LnfO{ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] tkm{af6 d'2f ug]{
clwsf/ x'g]5 .
$@= z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ laqmL ug{ jf lwtf]aGws /fVg ;lsg] M
-!_ o; P]g, k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf cwLgdf /xL sDkgLsf]
z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ rn ;DklQ;/x laqmL ug{ jf lwtf]aGws
/fVg ;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
cGo s'g} sDkgLaf6 C0f glnPsf] k|fOe]6 sDkgLafx]s cGo
sDkgLsf] ;+:yfksn] sDkgLsf] k|yd ;fwf/0f ;ef geP;Dd
/ lghsf] gfddf hf/L ePsf] z]o/sf] dfu /sd k"/f r'Qmf
gu/];Dd cfk"mn] lnPsf] z]o/ laqmL ug{ jf lwtf]aGws /fVg
kfpg] 5}g .
 -#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ lwtf]aGws
lbPsf]df ;f] Joxf]/f btf{lstfadf hgfpgsf] lgldQ
lwtf]aGws lng]n] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf]
b:t'/;lxt sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
To;/L lbOg] lgj]bg;fy lgj]bsn] lwtf]aGws;Fu ;DalGwt
lnvt / z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] k|df0fkq;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]df sDkgLn] To;/L
z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ lwtf]aGws lbP lnPsf] Joxf]/f btf{lstfadf
hgfpg' kg]{5 / To;/L lwtf]aGws /fv]sf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/
lgvg]sf] hgfp kfPkl5 To:tf] lwtf] aGwsLsf] nut
btf{lstfaaf6 s§f ug'{ kg]{5 .
$#= z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ bflvn vf/]h ug]{ M -!_ bkmf $@ sf]
pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ sf cwLgdf /xL z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ laqmL
ePsf]df ;f] vl/b u/L lng] JolQmn] To:tf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/sf] bflvn vf/]h ug{sf] lgldQ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/;lxt sDkgLsf] /lhi68{
sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 . To;/L lbOg] lgj]bg ;fy
lgj]bsn] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ vl/b laqmL;Fu ;DalGwt lnvt /
z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] k|df0fkq;d]t k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]df sDkgLn] lgj]bg
k/]sf] kGw| lbgleq btf{lstfadf ;flas z]o/wgL jf
l8a]~r/jfnfsf] gfd vf/]h u/L xfnjfnfsf] gfd btf{ ug'{
kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
lwtf]kq sf/f]af/;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gdf sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/sf] xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ x:tfGt/0f;DaGwL lnvtsf]
cfjZostf gkg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] eP ;f] cg';f/ lgj]bg lb+bf
To:tf] lnvt k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
21
-$_ s'g} lwtf]kq x:tfGt/0f u/L lbg]n] s'g} z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/ x:tfGt/0fsf] Joxf]/f hgfO{ kfpF egL z]o/ vl/b
laqmL ;DaGwdf vl/bstf{sf] ;lx5fk ePsf] lnvt;d]t
;+nUg u/L lgj]bg lbPdf klg sDkgLn] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/
x:tfGt/0f u/L lng]n] g} lgj]bg lbPsf] ;/x dfgL z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/ x:tfGt/0f u/L lng]sf] gfd z]o/wgL btf{lstfa jf
l8a]~r/jfnfsf] btf{lstfadf btf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf ul/Psf] cGo s'g} Joj:yf cg';f/
s'g} z]o/ jf l8a]~r/df s'g} JolQmsf] xs sfod eO{ cfPdf
To:tf] JolQmsf] gfd z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ?kdf btf{
ug{ pkbkmf -!_ df ul/Psf] Joj:yfn] sDkgLnfO{ /f]s
nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
$$= z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ bkmf
$@ jf $# df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf]
cj:yfdf sDkgLn] z]o/ lwtf]aGws /flvPsf] s'/f
btf{lstfadf hgfpg jf vl/b laqmL ePsf]df z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/sf] bflvn vf/]h u/L lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ z]o/afktsf] dfu /sd e'Qmfg gul/Psf] ePdf,
-v_ bflvn vf/]h ubf{ sDkgLsf] lgodfjnL jf
z]o/wgLx?aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] ljk/Lt x'g]
ePdf,
-u_ x:tfGt/0f b:t'/ lgj]bg ;fy k]z x'g gcfPdf .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ lwtf]aGws
/x]sf] s'/f btf{lstfadf hgfpg jf z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ bflvn
vf/]h ug{ OGsf/ ubf{ sDkgLn] lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] kGw|
lbgleq To;sf] ;"rgf z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ lwtf]aGws jf vl/b
laqmL u/L lng] lbg] b'j}nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
$%= z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ bflvn vf/]h x'g] cGo cj:yf M s'g}
z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnf d/L jf lghn] cfˆgf] hfoh]yf
;fx"nfO{ bfdf;fxL u/fO{ jf c? s'g} Joxf]/fn] lghsf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/df k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd c? s;}sf] xs x'g cfPdf
;f] s'/fsf] ;a'b k|df0f ;fy To;/L xs k|fKt ug]{ jf xs
sfod eO{ cfPsf] JolQmn] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/;lxt sDkgLdf lgj]bg lbPdf sDkgLn] To:tf]
z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ lghsf] gfddf bflvn vf/]h ul/lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ To;/L xs sfod eO{ cfPsf] xsjfnfsf] gfddf
z]o/ x:tfGt/0f eO{ g;s]sf] eP tfklg ;fljs z]o/wgLsf]
gfdsf] z]o/ tyf ;f];DaGwL lghsf] cGo xssf]
x:tfGt/0fsf] lnvt k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd sfod x'g cfPsf]
lghsf] xsbf/n] ul/lbPsf] ePdf To:tf] xsjfnfsf] gfddf
;f] z]o/ x:tfGt/0f eO{ ;s]sf] dfgL To:tf] x:tfGt/0f
/Ltk"j{s ePsf] dflgg]5 .
$^= z]o/wgL / l8a]~r/jfnfsf] btf{lstfa M -!_ k|To]s sDkgLn]
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfa / l8a]~r/jfnfsf]
btf{lstfa v8f u/L sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{nodf /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfadf
z]o/sf] qmd;+Vof cg';f/ k|To]s z]o/wgLsf] ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf s'/f v'nfO{ /fVg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ z]o/wgLsf] k"/f gfd / 7]ufgf,
-v_ z]o/wgLn] lnPsf] z]o/ ;+Vof,
-u_ z]o/wgLn] z]o/afkt r'Qmf u/]sf] hDdf /sd /
r'Qmf ug{ afFsL /sd,
-3_ z]o/wgLsf] ?kdf lghsf] gfd btf{ ePsf] ldlt,
22
-ª_ z]o/wgLsf] gfd vf/]h ePsf] ldlt,
-r_ z]o/wgLsf] z]ifkl5 z]o/df xs nfUg] u/L s'g}
JolQmnfO{ OR5fOPsf] eP To:tf] JolQmsf] gfd
/ 7]ufgf .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] l8a]~r/jfnfsf] btf{lstfadf
l8a]~r/sf] qmd;+Vof cg';f/ k|To]s l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ;DaGwdf
b]xfosf s'/fx¿ v'nfO{ /fVg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] k"/f gfd / 7]ufgf,
-v_ l8a]~r/jfnfn] lnPsf] l8a]~r/ ;+Vof,
-u_ l8a]~r/jfnfn] l8a]~r/afkt r'Qmf u/]sf] hDdf
/sd / r'Qmf ug{ afFsL /sd,
-3_ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ?kdf lghsf] gfd btf{ ePsf]
ldlt,
-ª_ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] gfd vf/]h ePsf] ldlt,
-r_ l8a]~r/jfnfsf] z]ifkl5 l8a]~r/df xs nfUg]
u/L s'g} JolQmnfO{ OR5fOPsf] eP To:tf]
JolQmsf] gfd / 7]ufgf .
-$_ sDkgLsf] z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfn] pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhd v8f u/]sf] btf{lstfa lg/LIf0f ug{ rfx]df sDkgLn]
lg/LIf0f ug{ lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf /fli6«o:t/sf] klqsfdf
;ft lbg cufj} ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L / k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf]
xsdf lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v
ePadf]lhd Ps jif{df k}+tfnL; lbgdf ga9fO{ Psk6sdf
 a9Ldf tL; lbg;Dd btf{lstfasf] lg/LIf0f aGb ug{ ;lsg]5
. st{Jo x'g]5 .
-%_ s;}n] z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfasf] k|ltlnlk lng
rfx]df pkbkmf -$_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zadf]lhd
lg/LIf0f aGb ul/Psf] cj:yfdf afx]s klAns sDkgLsf]
xsdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] / k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf k|aGwkq,
lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf]
b:t'/ lnO{ k|ltlnlk lbg' kg]{5 .
-^_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
;"rLs[t sDkgLn] lwtf]kq lgIf]k ;]jf k|bfg ug{ k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd dfGotfk|fKt lwtf]kq /lhi6«f/nfO{ btf{lstfa
/fVg nufpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L /flvPsf] btf{lstfasf] Ps k|lt
k|To]s jif{ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g] ;"rgf ug'{eGbf cl3
sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{nodf /fVg' kg]{5 . ;f] btf{lstfadf
pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ df plNnlvt s'/fx¿ v'nfOPsf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -^_ cg';f/ /flvPsf] btf{lstfadf s;}sf]
xs lxtdf c;/ kg]{ u/L e"m§f s'/f clen]v u/]sf] kfOPdf
To:tf] lwtf]kq /lhi6«f/, lghsf] ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L tyf
sd{rf/LnfO{ bkmf !^) df plNnlvt b08 hl/afgfsf
cltl/Qm e"m§f clen]v /flvPsf] sf/0faf6 k'Ug uPsf] xflg
gf]S;fgL;d]t ;DalGwt kIfn] e/fO{ lng kfpg]5 .
$&= z]o/df /x]sf] xs;DaGwL hfgsf/L M -!_ s'g} sDkgLsf] s'g}
z]o/wgLn] lghsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] k"0f{ dtflwsf/k|fKt
z]o/x¿ lghn] s'g x}l;otdf k|fKt u/]sf] xf] jf To:tf]
z]o/wgLsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] z]o/df c? s'g} JolQmsf]
nufgL /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] jf To:tf] z]o/df c? s'g} JolQm
lxtu|fxL -a]g]lkmz/L_ eP To:tf] JolQmsf] klxrfg / lghsf]
xssf] k|s[ltsf] af/]df sDkgLn] hfgsf/L dfu u/]df tL;
23
lbgleq sDkgLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' To:tf] z]o/wgLsf]
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfu ePsf] hfgsf/L
sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt ePkl5 To:tf] hfgsf/L dfu ePsf] ldlt,
hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] ldlt / k|fKt hfgsf/Lsf] Joxf]/f
;DalGwt z]o/wgLsf] gfdsf] ;Fu} z]o/ btf{lstfadf clen]v
u/L ;ft lbgleq ;f];DaGwL hfgsf/L sfof{nodf k7fpg'
kg]{5 .
$*= z]o/wgLsf] 7]ufgf M -!_ cGoyf ;"rgf u/L x]/km]/ ul/Psf]df
afx]s z]o/wgL btf{lstfadf pNn]v ul/Psf] z]o/wgLsf]
7]ufgf lghsf] jf:tljs 7]ufgf dflgg]5 .
-@_ z]o/wgLsf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ePdf kl/jt{g x'g]
ljlQs} gofF 7]ufgfsf] ;"rgf lnlvt ?kdf sDkgLsf] /lhi68{
sfof{nodf lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|fKt ePkl5
;~rfns jf sDkgL ;lrjn] z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfadf
;f]adf]lhd kl/jt{g ePsf] 7]ufgf pNn]v ul//fVg' kg]{5 .
-$_ z]o/wgLn] pknAw u/fPsf] 7]ufgfdf ;"rgf k7fP
kl5 cGoyf k|dfl0ft ePsf]df afx]s o; P]gadf]lhd
sDkgLn] z]o/wgLnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ ;"rgf /Ltk"j{s
k7fPsf] / ;DalGwt z]o/wgLn] k|fKt u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
$(= z]o/wgLsf] ;"rL M -!_ z]o/wgL btf{lstfaaf6 g}
z]o/wgLx?sf] gfdsf] ;"rL -OG8]S;_ :ki6 x'g] lsl;dn] btf{
lstfa v8f ul/Psf] cj:yfdf afx]s krf;hgfeGbf a9L
z]o/wgL ePsf] k|To]s sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/wgLsf]
gfdfjnLsf] Pp6f 5'§} ;"rL -OG8]S;_ tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
 -@_ z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfadf s'g} kl/jt{g ul/Pdf ;f]
kl/jt{g ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd
tof/ kfl/Psf] ;"rLdf;d]t cfjZos kl/jt{g ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ z]o/wgLsf] btf{lstfaaf6 ;a} z]o/wgLsf]
;DaGwdf cfjZos hfgsf/L ;lhn};Fu kfpg ;Sg] u/L
z]o/wgLsf] ;"rL /fVg' kg]{5 .
-$_ z]o/wgLx?sf] gfdsf] ;"rL z]o/wgL
btf{lstfa;fy /fVg' kg]{5 .
-%_ s'g} sDkgLn] o; bkmfsf] kfngf gu/]df o; P]gsf]
kfngf gePsf] dflgg]5 .
%)= cfwf/e"t z]o/wgLx? M -!_ s'g} klg JolQmn] cfˆgf] gfddf
jf lghsf] k|ltlglwdfk{mt z]o/ lnPsf] s'g} klAns sDkgLsf]
r'Qmf k"FhLsf] kFfr k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L k"0f{ dtflwsf/
ePsf] ;fwf/0f z]o/ lnPsf] eP To:tf] sDkgLdf lghsf]
cfwf/e"t z]o/ :jfldTj /x]sf] dflgg]5 .
sf/0fn] cfwf/e"t z]o/wgLsf] x}l;ot g/x]sf] xf] ;f];d]t
v'nfO{ sDkgLnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ k|To]s klAns sDkgLn] pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ sf]
k|of]hgsf] nflu Pp6f 5'§} btf{lstfa v8f ug'{ kg]{5 .
%!= z]o/, l8a]~r/ / C0fsf] nut M -!_ k|To]s sDkgLn] k|yd
jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g'eGbf tL; lbgcl3;Dd tTsfn
sfod /x]sf / vf/]h ePsf z]o/wgL / l8a]~r/jfnfx¿sf]
nut tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] nutdf cGo s'/fsf
cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx¿;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] clws[t k"FhL / z]o/sf] ;+Vof,
-v_ sDkgLsf] hf/L z]o/ k"FhL,
-u_ sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhL,

t/ kRrL; s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] -3_ z]o/lkR5] dfu ePsf] /sd,
sDkgLsf] xsdf To:tf] sDkgLsf] s'n r'Qmf k"FhLsf] Ps -ª_ ls:tf c;"n ePsf] hDdf /sd,
k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] eP klg cfwf/e"t z]o/
:jfldTj /x]sf] dflgg]5 . -r_ c;"n x'g afFsL /x]sf] hDdf /sd,
-@_ k|To]s klAns sDkgLsf] cfwf/e"t z]o/wgLn] cfk"m -5_ z]o/ jf l8a]~r/df bnfnL b:t'/afkt lbPsf]
;f] sDkgLsf] cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL ePsf] yfxf kfPsf] tL; hDdf /sd,
lbgleq cfˆgf] gfd, 7]ufgf v'nfO{ cfˆgf] gfddf jf
k|ltlglwsf] gfddf btf{ ePsf] z]o/sf] k"0f{ ljj/0f;d]t v'nfO{ -h_ s'g} z]o/ hkmt ul/Psf]df To:tf] z]o/sf] hDdf
sDkgLnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 . ;+Vof, hkmt ePsf] sf/0f / ldlt,
-#_ s'g} JolQm s'g} klAns sDkgLsf] cfwf/e"t -em_ a}Í, ljQLo ;+:yf jf cGo s'g} JolQmaf6 lnPsf]
z]o/wgL sfod g/x]df ;f] yfxf kfPsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq C0f jf sDkgLn] lbPsf] hdfgt,
cfˆgf] gfd v'nfO{ cfk"m ;f] sDkgLsf] cfwf/e"t z]o/wgLsf]
x}l;otdf sfod g/x]sf] ldlt / cGo ljj/0fx¿ tyf s] -`_ axfnjfnf ;~rfnssf] gfd / 7]ufgf .
24
 -#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] nut sDkgLsf] jflif{s
;fwf/0f ;ef ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq / jflif{s ;fwf/0f
;ef gug]{ sDkgL eP k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;DalGwt
lgsfosf] :jLs[lt rflxg] sf/f]af/ ug]{ eP To:tf] :jLs[lt
k|fKt u/]sf] / :jLs[lt grflxg] eP btf{ ePsf] Ps jif{leq
sDtLdf Pshgf ;~rfnsn] ;xL u/L sfof{nodf k7fpg'
kg]{5 / pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Psk6s nut k]z ul/;s]kl5
;f] nutdf s'g} x]/km]/ ePdf To:tf] x]/km]/sf] Joxf]/f dfq
k]z ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-$_ ;fwf/0f ;ef gug]{ sDkgLsf] pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhdsf] nutdf s'g} x]/km]/ ePdf To;/L x]/km]/ ePsf] 5
dlxgfleq ;f]sf] ljj/0f sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
s'g} sDkgLn] bkmf &* adf]lhd k]z ug{' kg]{ k|ltj]bgdf
pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf ljj/0fx?;d]t pNn]v u/]sf] eP
To:tf] sDkgLn] o; bkmfadf]lhd 5'§} nut sfof{nodf
k7fpg' kg]{ 5}g .
%@= z]o/df bfaL M z]o/wgLx¿n] sDkgLnfO{ ltg{ afFsL /x]sf]
z]o/sf] /sd jf sfg"gadf]lhd sDkgLnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{
afFsL /sdafkt lghx¿sf gfddf btf{ ePsf] z]o/ /
;f]afkt afFl8g] nfef+z;d]t sDkgLn] /f]Ssf ug{ / To:tf]
/sd nfef+zaf6 s§f u/L lng ;Sg]5 .
%#= z]o/afktsf] /sdsf] e'QmfgL M -!_ z]o/afktsf] /sd
lgodfjnLadf]lhd dfu ul/Psf] cjlwleq e'Qmfg u/L
r'Qmf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgLn] ls:tf dfu ubf{
k|To]s z]o/wgLsf] gfddf a'emfpg' kg]{ ls:tf /sd, ;do /
:yfg vf]nL sDtLdf tL; lbgsf] cjlw lbO{ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf lnlvt ;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{5 . klAns sDkgLn] To:tf]
25
;"rgf /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf;d]t sDtLdf tLgk6s
k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ s'g} z]o/wgLn] z]o/afkt e'Qmfg ug{' kg]{ ?k}ofF
pkbkmf -@_ df plNnlvt cjlwleq e'Qmfg gu/]df ;f] cjlw
gf3]sf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfsf] yk cjlw lbO{ ;f] cjlwleq
a'emfpg NofPdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] b/n] Aofh;d]t nufO{
a'lemlng] / ;f] cjlwleq klg a'emfpg gNofP lghsf] z]o/
hkmt x'g] s'/f :ki6 vf]nL ;DalGwt z]o/wgLnfO{ ;"rgf lbg'
kg]{5 . klAns sDkgLsf xsdf To:tf] ;"rgf /fli6«o:t/sf]
b}lgsklqsfdf sDtLdf tLgk6s k|sfzg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
;f]adf]lhdsf] ;"rgfsf] Dofbdf klg ls:tf ga'emfPdf
sDkgLn] h'g z]o/sf] ;DaGwdf ;f] ;"rgf lbPsf] xf] ;f]
z]o/afkt e'Qmfg ePsf] /sd jf ;f] z]o/afkt s'g} nfef+z
/f]Ssf ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;f] /sd;d]tn] vfd]hlt ;+Vofsf]
z]o/ lghsf] gfddf sfod /fvL afFsL z]o/ jf ;Dk"0f{ z]o/
hkmt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ z]o/ hkmt ug'{cl3 sDkgL vf/]hL jf bfdf;fxLdf
kl/;s]sf] /x]5 eg] hkmt x'g ;Sg] z]o/afkt a'emfpg afFsL
/sd k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd C0f;/x c;"n ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd z]o/ hkmt ePsf]df
;~rfns ;ldltn] To;/L hkmt ePsf z]o/afkt e'QmfgL
eO;s]sf] /sd / To:tf z]o/afkt s'g} nfef+z /f]Ssf ePsf]
/x]5 eg] ;f] a/fa/sf] /sd lkmtf{ ug{ jf ;f] /sdn]
vfd];Ddsf] z]o/ lbg ;Sg]5 / /sd lkmtf{ ug]{ ePdf z]o/
hkmt ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq /sd lkmtf{ ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd tLg dlxgfleq /sd lkmtf{
gu/]df ;f] cjlw gf3]kl5 ;f] /sddf nfUg] Jofh;d]t lbg'
kg]{5 .
 -^_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd hkmt ul/Psf] z]o/
lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL ;~rfns ;ldltn] dgfl;a
7x/fPsf] lsl;daf6 laqmL ug{ jf vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-&_ nuftf/ tLg jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L d'gfkmfdf
;~rfng ePsf] sDkgLn] ;fwf/0f ;efdf ljz]if k|:tfj
kfl/t u/L e'QmfgL dfu gePsf] cfˆgf] z]o/ k"FhLsf] s]xL
c+z sDkgL vf/]h x'Fbf jf bfdf;fxLdf uPsf] cj:yfdf
afx]s e'QmfgL dfu ug{ gkfpg] u/L lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t ePkl5
;f] k|:tfjdf pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] e'QmfgL dfu ug{ afFsL
z]o/ k"FhLsf] /sd ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 k'gM csf]{ ljz]if k|:tfj
kfl/t u/L dfu ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf]df afx]s sDkgL vf/]h x'Fbf
jf bfdf;fxLdf uPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s dfu ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
%$= ;femf u/L lnPsf] z]o/sf] /sd r'Qmf ug]{ M -!_ ;femf u/L
lnPsf] z]o/sf] ls:tf /sd k|To]s ;fem]bf/n] cfˆgf]
:jfldTjsf] cg'kftdf a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lnPsf] z]o/df o;sf] olt
efu 5 eGg] /Ltk"j{ssf] lnvt ePsf]df afx]s hlthgfsf]
gfddf z]o/ /x]sf] 5 plthgfsf] gfddf a/fa/ lx:;f /x]sf]
dflgg]5 .
%%= z]o/ l8a]~r/df xsbf/ dflgg] M s'g} sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf]
z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] :jfldTjsf] ljifodf ljjfb pTkGg ePdf
cGoyf k|dfl0ft ePsf]df afx]s sDkgLn] v8f u/]sf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/sf] btf{lstfadf h;sf] gfd btf{ ePsf] 5 lgh g}
To:tf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] xsbf/ ePsf] dflgg]5 .
%^= z]o/ k"FhL x]/km]/ ug]{ sDkgLsf] clwsf/ M -!_ lgodfjnLdf
ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL ;fwf/0f ;efdf ljz]if
k|:tfj kfl/t u/L s'g} sDkgLn] b]xfo adf]lhd cfˆgf] z]o/
k"FhL x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
26
-s_ sDkgLn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] /sdsf] gofF z]o/
l;h{gf u/L sDkgLsf] clws[t z]o/ k"FhLdf j[l4
u/]/,
-v_ sDkgLsf] ;a} jf s]xL z]o/ k"FhLnfO{ clÍt
d"NoeGbf a9L jf 36L d"Nosf] z]o/df PsLs[t
jf ljefhg u/]/,
-u_ k|:tfj kfl/t x'Fbfsf lbg;Dd s;}n] klg
glnPsf] jf z]o/ lng d~h'/ gu/]sf] jf bkmf
%# sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd hkmt ePsf] z]o/
vf/]h u/L ;f] vf/]h ePsf] z]o/sf] d"No
a/fa/sf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhLsf] /sd 36fP/ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k"FhLsf] x]/km]/ ug]{ ljz]if
k|:tfj kfl/t ePdf ;f]xL xb;Dd ;DalGwt sDkgLsf]
k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL :jtM ;+zf]wg ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd kfl/t k|:tfjsf] clen]v tyf
k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL ;+zf]wgsf nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/;lxt
sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / sfof{non] To;/L k]z ePsf]
;ft lbgleq ;f]xLadf]lhd sDkgLsf] kF"hLdf x]/km]/ /
k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg ePsf] Joxf]/f clen]v u/L
sDkgLnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd z]o/ vf/]h
ePsf]df ;f] sfo{ sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg] k|of]hgsf]
nflu eP u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
-%_ sDkgLnfO{ cfˆgf] clws[t k"FhLsf] xb;Dd hf/L
k"FhL a9fpg cfjZos k/]df ;fwf/0f ;efdf ;fdfGo k|:tfj
kfl/t u/L To:tf] k"FhL a9fpg ;Sg]5 .
-^_ klAns sDkgLn] pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd z]o/ k"FhL
a9fO{ cfˆgf] z]o/ ;fj{hlgs lgisfzg ug'{ k/]df o; P]g /
lwtf]kq;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gdf lgwf{l/t k|lqmof k"/f ug'{
kg]{5 .
t/ To:tf] sDkgLn] tTsfn sfod /x]sf z]o/wgLx¿
tyf sd{rf/Ln] dfq vl/b ug{ kfpg] u/L xsk|b z]o/ -/fO6
z]o/_ / af]g; z]o/ hf/L ubf{ jf pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd z]o/
hf/L ubf{ To:tf] k|lqmof k"/f ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
-&_ klAns sDkgLn] tTsfn sfod /x]sf
z]o/wgLx¿n] dfq vl/b ug{ kfpg] u/L xsk|b z]o/ hf/L
ug]{ ;"rgf To:tf] z]o/ hf/L ug'{eGbf kGw| lbgcl3
/fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf sDtLdf nuftf/ tLgk6s
k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd hf/L ul/Psf] z]o/ vl/b ug]{
klxnf] xs tTsfn sfod /x]sf z]o/wgLn] lnO{ /fv]sf]
z]o/sf] cg'kftsf] cfwf/df To:tf] z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ x'g]5 .
-(_ pkbkmf -*_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
sDkgLn] hf/L ug{] b]xfoadf]lhdsf z]o/x¿df sDkgLsf
tTsfn sfod /x]sf z]o/wgLsf] klxnf] xs x'g] 5}g M–
-s_ sDkgLn] gubafx]s c? s'g} k|ltkmnafkt hf/L
ug]{ z]o/,
-v_ sDkgL;Fu ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] zt{ cg'?k k|bfg
ul/Psf] s'g} clwsf/ jf ;'ljwf cGtu{t s'g}
JolQmnfO{ hf/L ul/Psf] z]o/,
-u_ sd{rf/L z]o/ of]hgf cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf]
z]o/,
-3_ s'g} sDkgL / To;sf ;fx"x¿aLr ePsf]
;Demf}tf cg';f/ hf/L ul/Psf] z]o/,
27
-ª_ s'g} sDkgLn] cu|flwsf/ z]o/nfO{ ;fwf/0f
z]o/df jf l8a]~r/nfO{ z]o/df kl/0ft ubf{
sfod ePsf z]o/,
-r_ sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg, k"FhL jf C0fsf] k'g;{+/rgf
ug]{ qmddf jf bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g
cg';f/ ;Da4 kIfx?aLr :jLs[t k'g;{+/rgf
sfo{qmd sfo{fGjog ug]{ qmddf jf s'g} Ps
klAns sDkgL csf]{ klAns sDkgLdf ufleg]
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf ;DalGwt
kIfx?aLr ;DkGg ;Demf}tf cg';f/ hf/L ePsf
z]o/ .
-!)_ sDkgLn] u/]sf] d'gfkmf jf d'gfkmfaf6 ;[lht
sf]ifaf6 afx]s sDkgLsf] ;DklQsf] k'gd"{Nof+sg u/L z]o/
k"FhL a[l4 ug{ jf af]g; z]o/ lgisfzg ug{ x'Fb}g .
-!!_ o; bkmfadf]lhd z]o/ hf/L ubf{ tTsfn sfod
/x]sf z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ z]o/ vl/b ug{ sDtLdf k}+tL; lbgsf]
Dofb lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] Dofbleq To:tf z]o/wgLx¿n] z]o/
vl/b gu/]df jf z]o/ vl/b ug]{ xs c?nfO{ laqmL jf
x:tfGt/0f gu/]df sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o
u/]adf]lhd To:tf z]o/ cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 laqmL ug{
;lsg]5 .
%&= z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg] M -!_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg
rfx]df ;f] ljifodf ;fwf/0f ;efdf ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L
cbfntsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;f]adf]lhd k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLdf
cfjZos x]/km]/ jf ;+zf]wg u/L z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cbfntsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt
u/]kl5 sDkgLn] b]xfoadf]lhd x'g] u/L z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg
;Sg]5 M–
 -s_ ls:tf dfu u/]sf] z]o/sf] /sd r'Qmf
gePsf]df hlt r'Qmf ePsf] 5 Toltdfq k"FhL
sfod u/L,
-v_ r'Qmf eO{;s]sf] k"FhL lkmtf{ u/L,
-u_ sDkgLnfO{ 7"nf] gf]S;fgL k/]df jf b}jL k|sf]k
k/]df z]o/sf] clÍt d"No 36fO{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd bfdf;fxLdf kl/;s]sf] sDkgLn] o;
bkmfadf]lhd cfˆgf] k"FhL 36fpg ;Sg] 5}g .
%*= z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg cbfntsf] :jLs[lt k|fKt ug]{ sfo{ljlw M
-!_ bkmf %& adf]lhd sDkgLn] k"FhL 36fpg] ljz]if k|:tfj
kfl/t u/]df ;f]sf] :jLs[ltsf] nflu cbfnt;dIf lgj]bg lbg'
kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg k/]sf]df ;f]pk/
;'g'jfO{ x'g'eGbf klxn] sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg] af/]df
cbfntdf ;'g'jfO{ x'g] ldlt / :yfg v'nfO{ ;DalGwt
sDkgLn] sDtLdf tLgk6s /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf
;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ sDkgLsf] vf/]hL jf bfdf;fxL k|lqmof z'? x'Fbf
k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd C0f jf s'g} e'QmfgLsf] bfaL ug{
kfpg] x}l;ot ePsf k|To]s JolQmn] sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL
36fpg] k|lqmofdf cfˆgf] bfaL tyf lj/f]w k]z ug{ kfpg]5 .
-$_ sDkgLsf] kF"hL 36fpg] lgj]bgpk/ ;'g'jfO{ x'Fbf
sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf sDkgL ;lrjn] cbfntn]
dfu]adf]lhd sDkgLsf] ;fx"x¿ eP lghx?sf] gfd, 7]ufgf
tyf lghx¿ k|To]snfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ C0fsf] /sd;d]t v'nfO{
jf:tljs tyf ;fFrf] Joxf]/fsf] ;"rL cbfnt;dIf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
28
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] ;"rLdf gfd
;dfj]z ePsf ;fx"x¿dWo] C0f r'Qmf x'g jf C0f lglZrt
x'g afFsL ;fx"x¿sf] k"FhL 36fpg] s'/fdf ;xdlt eP jf geP
klg ;fx"x¿n] bfaL u/]sf] C0f jf bfaLsf] k"/} /sd sDkgLn]
;sf/ u/]df jf gu/]df klg To:tf] /sd r'Qmf ug{ cfjZos
/sd Joj:yf ug{ :jLsf/ u/L k"/f /sd lglZrt ldltleq
r'Qmf ug]{ sa'lnot u/L cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfPsf]
cj:yfdf z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg cbfntn] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-^_ z]o/ k"FhLafkt sDkgLnfO{ z]o/wgLx¿n] a'emfpg
afFsL /sd jf z]o/afkt a'emfO{Psf] /sd s'g} z]o/wgLnfO{
lkmtf{ ubf{ ;f] /sd dfq 36\g] u/L z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg]
k|:tfjpk/ :jLs[ltsf] nflu sf/afxL ubf{ pknAw k|df0f /
kl/l:yltnfO{ x]/L cbfntn] pko'Qm 7fg]df pkbkmf -#_ jf
-$_ sf] Joj:yf s'g} vf; ;fx"sf] xsdf nfu" gx'g] u/L
cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;fx"x?sf] ;"rL k]z ubf{ s'g}
s'/f 5'6fPsf] jf unt ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] ;"rL
k]z ug]{ sDkgLsf ;~rfns / To:tf] ;"rLdf ;xL ug]{
kbflwsf/LnfO{ of] P]gadf]lhd ;hfo x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] ;"rLdf ;xL ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] lghsf]
hfgsf/L lagf s'g} s'/f 5'6 ePsf] jf uNtL ePsf] jf ;f]
5'6 jf uNtL ePsf] lghn] yfxf kfpgf;fy o; bkmfadf]lhd
cbfntn] cfb]z ug'{cl3 To:tf] 5'6 jf uNtL ;RofO{
cbfntnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPdf jf To:tf] 5'6 jf uNtL /f]Sgsf]
nflu kof{Kt xf]l;of/L lnPsf] lyof] eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft u/]df
;f] ;hfo x'g] 5}g .
-*_ k"FhL 36fpg] k|:tfjpk/ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd bfaL
lj/f]w ug{ kfpg] ;fx"x?sf] C0f jf bfaL e'QmfgL af/]df
;fx"x?sf] :jLs[lt k|fKt ePsf] C0f jf bfloTj e'QmfgL
eO;s]sf], C0f jf bfaL olsg eO{ e'QmfgL x'g] cj:yfdf
ePsf] jf C0f jf bfaL ;'/lIft ePsf] s'/fdf cbfnt ;Gt'i6
ePdf pko'Qm zt{x? lgwf{/0f u/L cbfntn] k"FhL 36fpg]
cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
%(= k"FhL 36fOPsf] z]o/df z]o/wgLx?sf] bfloTj M -!_ o;
-(_ pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd :jLs[lt lbPsf]df cbfntnfO{
pko'Qm nfu]df k"FhL 36fpg] :jLs[ltsf] cfb]z lbPsf]
sDkgLsf] gfdsf] k5fl8 lglZrt ;dofjlw;Dd æk"FhL
36fOPsf]Æ eGg] jfSof+z n]Vg / o;/L k"FhL 36fpg' k/]sf]
sf/0f tyf kl/l:ylt / o;;DaGwL cGo dxTjk"0f{ s'/f
;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Ldf Nofpg cfjZos ;"rgf k|sfzg
ug'{ egL ;DalGwt sDkgLnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-!)_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf] gfdsf] k5fl8
æk"FhL 36fOPsf]Æ eGg] jfSof+z n]Vg' eGg] cfb]z hf/L
ePsf]df cbfntn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] ;dofjlw Joltt geP;Dd
;f] jfSof+z sDkgLsf] gfdsf] cleGg c+usf] ?kdf /xg]5 .
-!!_ k"FhL 36fpg] k|:tfjsf] :jLs[lt lbg] qmddf o;
bkmfadf]lhd cbfntn] hf/L u/]sf] cfb]zdf plNnlvt
zt{x?sf] Joxf]/f sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf :jtM
;dfj]z ePsf] dflgg]5 / ;f]xL xb;Dd k|aGwkq tyf
lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-!@_ o; bkmfadf]lhd k"FhL 36fpg] k|:tfjpk/ bfaL
lj/f]w ug{ kfpg] ;fx"sf] gfd hfgL hfgL n'sfpg], l5kfpg]
jf bafpg] jf hfgL hfgL C0f jf bfaLsf] /sd jf
bfloTjsf] ljifodf e"m§f ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ jf k]z ug]{ jf
To:tf] C0f jf bfloTj n'sfpg], l5kfpg] jf e"m§f ljj/0f
tof/ ug]{ u/fpg] ;~rfns jf ;f] sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]
sDkgLsf] kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ o; P]gadf]lhd ;hfo
x'g]5 .
-!#_ o; bkmfadf]lhd sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fOPsf]df
To:tf] sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf k|To]s z]o/ k|df0fkqdf
29
sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf sDkgL ;lrjn] ;f] s'/fhgfO{
k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .
bkmfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg
cbfntn] lbPsf] cfb]zdf plNnlvt s'g} z]o/sf] ;DaGwdf
To:tf] z]o/sf] lgwf{l/t d"Noaf6 z]o/afkt e'Qmfg ul/Psf]
jf:tljs /sd jf e'QmfgL ul/Psf] egL dflgPsf] /sd
36fpFbf x'g cfpg] /sdeGbf a9L] /sd a'emfpg o:tf] z]o/
lng] ;fljs jf tTsfn sfod /x]sf] z]o/wgL afWo x'g] 5}g .
t/ cbfnt;dIf sDkgLsf] k"FhL 36fpg] k|:tfjdf bfaL
lj/f]w ug]{ clwsf/k|fKt sDkgLsf ;fx"sf] ;"rL k]z ubf{ s'g}
;fx"sf] gfd 5'6]sf] /x]5 / sDkgLsf] k"FhL 36fpg] cfb]z
k|fKt ePkl5 To:tf] ;fx"sf] C0f ltg{ sDkgLn] g;Sg] cj:yf
ePdf pkbkmf -#_ jf -$_ df pNn]v ePadf]lhd /sd ltg{
sDkgLsf z]o/wgL afWo x'g]5g\ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zdf h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} ;fx"sf] cfˆg} uNtL jf
x]nr]So|fO{+af6 cbfnt;dIf k]z ul/Psf] ;"rLdf To:tf]
;fx"sf] gfd jf s'g} bfaL 5'6\g uPsf]df To:tf] /sd
a'emfpg z]o/wgL afWo x'g] 5}gg\ .
-#_ cbfntn] sDkgLsf] k"FhL 36fpg] cfb]z hf/L u/]sf]
cl3Nnf] lbg ;DalGwt sDkgL bfdf;fxLdf k/L ;f];DaGwL
sf/afxL z'? ul/Psf] eP To:tf] sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLn] cfk"mn]
lnPsf] z]o/afkt hlt /sd a'emfpg' kg]{ lyof] ;f]xL
a/fa/sf] /sd a'emfpg sDkgLsf] k"FhL 36fpg] k|:tfj
:jLs[t ug]{ cfb]z hf/L ePsf] lbgdf sDkgLsf] z]o/wgL
sfod /x]sf] JolQm afWo x'g]5 .
-$_ sDkgL bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] ePdf cbfntdf ;fx"sf]
;"rL k]z ubf{ gfd 5'6\g uPsf] elgPsf ;fx"n] gfd 5'6\g
 uPsf] s'/fsf] k|df0f;lxt lgj]bg lbPdf cbfntn] pko'Qm
b]v]df To:tf] ;fx"sf] C0f ltg{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ /sd
sDkgLdf a'emfpg' kg]{ bfloTj ePsf z]o/wgLx?sf] ;"rL
tof/ u/L To:tf] ;"rLdf gfd k/]sf z]o/wgLx?nfO{
sDkgLsf] bfdf;fxLsf] k|lqmofdf lghx?n] a'emfpg' kg]{
/sd;/x lghx?af6 z]o/sf] /sdsf] dfu ug]{ cfb]z lbg
;Sg]5 .
-%_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
cfk"mn] z]o/ vl/b ubf{sf avt lnPsf] z]o/sf] clÍt
d"NoeGbf a9L /sd ltg{ s'g} klg z]o/wgL afWo x'g]5}g .
^)= sDkgLsf] v'b ;DklQ 36]df ;~rfns lhDd]jf/ x'g] M -!_
klAns sDkgLsf] v'b ;DklQ -g]6 jy{_ 36\g uO{ r'Qmf
k"FhLsf] cfwf jf ;f]eGbf sd x'g cfPdf To:tf] Joxf]/f
hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] k}FtL; lbgleq ;~rfnsx?n] sDkgL tyf
z]o/wgL;d]tsf] lxtsf nflu pko'Qm /0fgLlt tof/ ug'{
kg]{5 / ;f] hfgsf/L ePsf] nuQ} kl5 a:g] ;fwf/0f ;efdf
o;;DaGwL 5'§} k|:tfj /fVg' kg]{5 .
t/ ;f] /0fgLlt sfo{fGjog ug{ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] :jLs[lt
lng' kg]{ ePdf oyfzL3| ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef jf]nfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /0fgLlt tof/ gug]{, jflif{s
;fwf/0f ;efdf k|:tfj g/fVg] jf ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef
gaf]nfpg] jf hfgL hfgL To:tf] ;ef gaf]nfOPsf] l:ylt
sfod /xg lbg] sDkgLsf ;~rfnsnfO{ o; P]gadf]lhd
;hfo x'g]5 .
-#_ ;~rfnsn] ablgot lrtfO{ jf å]ifk"0f{ nfk/jfxLsf]
sf/0fn] sDkgLsf] v'b ;DklQ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 36\g
uPsf] s'/f 7x/]df ;f]sf] Ifltk"lt{;d]t To:tf] sfd ug]{
;~rfnsn] ltg'{ kg]{5 .
30
^!= sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}mn] vl/b ug{ gx'g] M -!_ sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b -afO Aofs_ ug{ jf hdfgtdf /fvL
C0f lbg' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
b]xfosf cj:yfdf sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ nfef+zsf]
?kdf ljt/0f x'g ;Sg] ;l~rt d'gfkmfsf] /sdaf6 sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf] z]o/sf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd r'Qmf
eO{;s]sf] eP,
-v_ klAns sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf] z]o/ lwtf]kq
af]8{df btf{ eO{;s]sf] eP,
-u_ cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf
;DalGwt sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf ePsf] eP,
-3_ cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] u/L ;DalGwt
sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t
ePsf] eP,
-ª_ sDkgLn] r'Qmf ug'{ kg]{ C0f /sd sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b u/L ;s]kl5 k"FhL tyf
;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifsf] /sdsf] cg'kftdf
bf]Aa/eGbf a9L gx'g] eP,
:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf nflu
æC0f /sdÆ eGgfn] sDkgLn] shf{ lnPsf]
;'/lIft tyf c;'/lIft ;Dk"0f{ C0f /sd ;Demg'
k5{ .
-r_ sDkgLn] vl/b ug]{ cfˆgf] z]o/sf] /sd
sDkgLsf] s'n r'Qmf k"FhL tyf ;fwf/0f hu]8f
 sf]ifsf] /sdsf] aL; k|ltzteGbf a9L gx'g]
eP,
-5_ cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug]{ ;DaGwdf
sfof{non] ;do ;dodf hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{zg
k|lts"n gx'g] eP .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhd ;fwf/0f ;efdf
k]z ul/g] k|:tfjdf b]xfosf] ljj/0f pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 M–
-s_ cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug'{ kg]{ sf/0f /
cfjZostf,
-v_ cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b u/]sf] sf/0faf6
;DalGwt sDkgLsf] cfly{s l:yltdf kg{ ;Sg]
;Defljt k|efj d"NofÍgsf] ljj/0f,
-u_ vl/b ug{ k|:tfj ul/Psf] z]o/sf] lsl;d /
;f]sf] ;+Vof,
-3_ v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ nfUg]
clwstd jf Go"gtd /sd / ;f]sf] cfly{s
;|f]t,
-ª_ cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg] ;dofjlw,
-r_ z]o/ vl/b ug]{ tl/sf,
-5_ cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug]{ ;DaGwdf
sfof{non] tf]s]sf] tyf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd
v'nfpg' kg]{ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ljz]if k|:tfj ;fwf/0f
;efaf6 kfl/t ePdf ;f] kfl/t ePsf] afx| dlxgfsf]
31
cjlwleq ;DalGwt sDkgLn] b]xfosf] s'g} pkfoaf6 cfˆgf]
z]o/ cfk}m vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ lwtf]kq ahf/ dfk{mt vl/b u/]/,
-v_ sDkgLsf sd{rf/LnfO{ 5'6\ofOPsf] z]o/
;DalGwt sd{rf/Laf6 vl/b u/]/,
-u_ tTsfn sfod /x]sf z]o/wgLaf6 ;dfg'kflts
?kdf vl/b u/]/ .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ cfk}m
vl/b u/]sf]df To:tf] z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq
cfk"mn] vl/b u/]sf] z]o/ ;+Vof, ;f]afkt e'QmfgL ePsf] /sd
/ cGo cfjZos ljj/0fx? sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b
u/]sf] clÍt d"No a/fa/sf] /sd 5'§} k"FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if
v8f u/L ;f]sf]ifdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f]sf]ifsf] /sdnfO{
r'Qmf k"FhL;/x sfod /fVg' kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm}
vl/b u/]sf]df cfk"mn] vl/b u/] hlt z]o/ To;/L vl/b
u/]sf] ldltn] Ps ;o aL; lbgleq /2 u/L ;Sg' kg]{5 .
-*_ o; bkmfadf]lhd sDkgLn] s'g} ju{sf z]o/ vl/b
ul/;s]kl5 af]g; z]o/ hf/L ug]{ jf cfˆgf] bfloTj r'Qmf
ug]{afx]s cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm}n] vl/b u/]sf] b'O{ jif{ geO{ k'gM
;f]xL ju{sf] z]o/ lgisfzg ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
-(_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
klAns sDkgLn] sfod ug'{ kg]{ Go"gtd z]o/wgLsf] ;+Vof
sd x'g] jf Go"gtd r'Qmf k"FhL sd x'g] u/L To:tf] sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
 -!)_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b ug{ g;Sg] cGo
cj:yf / cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm} vl/b ubf{ kfngf ug'{ kg]{ cGo
zt{x? tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
^@= sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ s'g} C0f jf cfly{s ;xof]u
lbg gx'g] M sDkgLn] cfˆgf] jf cfˆgf] d'Vo sDkgLsf] z]o/
vl/b jf s'g} Joxf]/fn] ;f] z]o/df xs k|fKt ug{sf] nflu
s;}nfO{ C0f jf s'g} lsl;dsf] cfly{s ;xof]u pknAw
u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
t/ sDkgLsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ z]o/ laqmL ug]{ of]hgf
cGtu{t sd{rf/LnfO{ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] jf sDkgLsf] d'Vo
sDkgLsf] k"/f d"No r'Qmf ePsf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ jf To:tf]
z]o/df s'g} Joxf]/fn] :jfldTj k|fKt ug{sf] nflu C0f pknAw
u/fpg o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] afwf k'¥ofpg] 5}g .
^#= sf/f]af/ k|f/De ug{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ M -!_ o; P]g cGtu{t
;+:yflkt klAns sDkgLn] sf/f]af/ ug]{ :jLs[lt k|fKt gu/L
cfˆgf] sf/f]af/ k|f/De ug{' x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :jLs[lt kfpgsf] nflu klAns
sDkgLsf] ;+:yfksn] vl/b ug{ sa'n u/]sf] z]o/ afktsf]
/sddWo] dfu ePsf] k"/f /sd r'Qmf eO{;s]sf] k|df0f
;dfj]z u/L sfof{no;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]sf]df ;+:yfksx?n]
vl/b ug{ sa'n u/]sf] z]o/afktsf] /sddWo] dfu ePsf]
/sd r'Qmf ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf sfof{non] sf/f]af/ ug]{
:jLs[lt k|bfg ug]{5 .
t/ z]o/afkt r'Qmf ePsf] /sd bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -
!_ df pNn]v ePsf] /sdeGbf sd x'g] ePdf :jLs[lt lbg]
5}g .
32
-$_ o; bkmfadf]lhd sf/f]af/ k|f/De ug{ :jLs[lt
glnO{ ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef, ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s,
sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg h:tf s'/fafx]s ljj/0fkq k|sfzg ug]{
jf bfloTj l;h{gf x'g] s'g} lsl;dsf sfo{ ug'{ x'Fb}g .
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
s'g} vf; Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ sDkgLsf] xsdf k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd To:tf] Joj;fo lgoldt ug]{ clwsf/k|fKt
lgodgsf/L lgsfoaf6 Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ To:tf] Joj;fo
z'? ug'{cl3 s'g} zt{ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] eP To:tf] zt{ k"/f
u/]sf] k|df0f k]z geP;Dd sf/f]af/ z'? ug]{ :jLs[lt k|bfg
ul/g] 5}g .
-^_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] sfof{nodf btf{ ePsf] k|df0fkq kfpgf;fy
cfˆgf] sf/f]af/ z'? ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ s'g} vf; sf/f]af/ ug{ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd s'g}
;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 :jLs[lt lng'kg{] ePdf To:tf] :jLs[lt
lnPkl5 dfq sf/f]af/ z'? ug'{ kg]{5 .
^$= l8:sfp06df z]o/ lgisfzg ug{ jf laqmL ug{ gx'g] M -!_
sDkgLn] l8:sfp06df cfˆgf] z]o/ lgisfzg jf laqmL ug'{
x'Fb}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L ;f]xL
k|:tfjdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] k|ltztdf g36\g] u/L b]xfosf]
cj:yfdf l8:sfp06df z]o/ lgisfzg jf laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] k"FhL k'g;{+/rgf ug{] of]hgf cg';f/
z]o/ lgisfzg jf laqmL ubf{,
 -v_ ;fx"x¿sf] ;xdlt cg';f/ sDkgLn] lnPsf]
C0fnfO{ z]o/df kl/0ft ug{] of]hgf cg';f/
z]o/ lgisfzg jf laqmL ubf{,
-u_ sd{rf/L z]o/ of]hgf cg';f/ z]o/ lgisfzg jf
hf/L ubf{,
-3_ sfof{non] :jLs[t u/]sf] cGo cj:yfdf z]o/
hf/L ubf{ .
^%= cu|flwsf/ z]o/ M -!_ sDkgLn] of] P]g, k|aGwkq jf
lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd cu|flwsf/ z]o/ hf/L ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ul/Padf]lhdafx]s pkbkmf -
!_ adf]lhd hf/L ul/Psf] z]o/ ;fwf/0f z]o/df kl/0ft x'g
;Sg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cu|flwsf/ z]o/ hf/L ubf{
cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/f v'nfPsf] x'g' kg{]5 M–
-s_ ;fwf/0f z]o/eGbf cufl8 nfef+z k|fKt ug{] jf
gug]{ ;f] s'/f,
-v_ cu|flwsf/ z]o/wgLn] slt k|ltzt nfef+z k|fKt
ug{] xf] ;f] s'/f,
-u_ k|To]s jif{ nfef+z hf]l8b}+ hfg] -So'd'n]l6e_ xf]
jf d'gfkmf ePsf] jif{ dfq d'gfkmf
-gg\ –So'd'n]l6e_ ljt/0f x'g] xf] ;f] s'/f,
-3_ sDkgL vf/]h ePsf] cj:yfdf z]o/sf] /sd
lkmtf{ ubf{ cu|flwsf/ lbg] jf glbg] s'/f,
33
-ª_ dtflwsf/ x'g] jf gx'g] / dtflwsf/ x'g] eP
cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf] ljifodf dfq jf cGo
ljifodf klg x'g] xf] ;f] s'/f,
-r_ v08 -ª_ adf]lhd cGo s'/fdf klg dtflwsf/
x'g] eP s'g cg'kftdf dtflwsf/ x'g] xf] ;f]
s'/f,
-5_ ;fwf/0f z]o/df kl/jt{g x'g ;Sg] jf g;Sg]
s'/f,
-h_ cu|flwsf/ z]o/ /sd lglZrt cjlw kl5 lkmtf{
ug{ ;lsg] -l/l8d]jn_ jf lkmtf{ ug{ g;lsg]
-Ol/l8d]jn_ s] x'g] xf] ;f] s'/f,
-em_ cu|flwsf/ z]o/ lkmtf{ ubf{ lk|ldod;lxt jf
lk|ldod lagf lkmtf{ x'g] xf] ;f] s'/f .
-$_ lkmtf{ x'g] zt{df s'g} cu|flwsf/ z]o/ hf/L
ul/Psf] eP To:tf] z]o/sf] d"No k"/f e'QmfgL geP;Dd ;f]
z]o/ lkmtf{ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-%_ nfef+zsf] ?kdf ljt/0f x'g ;Sg] d'gfkmfsf] /sd
jf z]o/ lkmtf{ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf gofF
z]o/af6 k|fKt /sdafx]s cGo /sdaf6 cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf]
/sd lkmtf{ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-^_ lkmtf{ x'g] u/L hf/L ul/Psf s'g} cu|flwsf/ z]o/
lk|ldod;lxt lkmtf{ ul/g] eP To:tf] z]o/ /sd lkmtf{ ug]{
k|of]hgsf nflu sDkgLsf] d'gfkmf jf sDkgLsf] z]o/ lk|ldod
vftfaf6 pko'Qm /sdsf] 5'§} sf]ifsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd gofF z]o/ hf/L u/L k|fKt
ePsf] /sdaf6 lkmtf{ x'g] cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf] /sd lkmtf{
ul/Psf] cj:yfdf afx]s o; P]gadf]lhd cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf]
 /sd lkmtf{ ubf{ sDkgLsf] d'gfkmfaf6 nfef+z ljt/0f ug{sf]
nflu k|fKt x'g ;Sg] /sdaf6 lkmtf{ ul/Psf] z]o/sf] clÍt
d"No a/fa/sf] /sd k"FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f sf]if v8f u/L
;f]sf]ifdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd v8f ePsf] k"FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f
sf]ifnfO{ r'Qmf k"FhL;/x dfgL sfod /fVg' kg]{5 .
-(_ o; bkmfadf]lhd lkmtf{ ul/Psf] s'g} cu|flwsf/
z]o/ lkmtf{ ug]{ sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5 To:tf] z]o/ :jtM vf/]h
ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-!)_ s'g} sDkgLn] cu|flwsf/ z]o/ lkmtf{ ubf{ o;
bkmfsf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] zt{ /
k|lqmof cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 / o;/L cu|flwsf/ z]o/sf] /sd
lkmtf{ ePsf]df ;f]xL sf/0fn] sDkgLsf] clws[t z]o/ k"FhL
36fOPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-!!_ sDkgLn] s'g} cu|flwsf/ z]o/ /sd lkmtf{ u/]df
jf lkmtf{ ug]{ k|:tfj u/]df To;/L lkmtf{ ul/Psf] jf lkmtf{
ul/g] z]o/sf] clÍt d"No a/fa/sf] gofF z]o/ hf/L ug{
;Sg]5 .
-!@_ sDkgLn] s'g} cu|flwsf/ z]o/ lkmtf{ u/]sf] Ps
dlxgfleq To;sf] ;"rgf sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 / o:tf]
;"rgf k|fKt x'g cfPdf sfof{non] To:tf] ;"rgfnfO{
sDkgLsf] btf{lstfadf hgfpg' kg]{5 .
-!#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd v8f ePsf] k"FhL lkmtf{ hu]8f
sf]ifaf6 sDkgLn] cfˆgf z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ k"0f{ d"No r'Qmf
ePsf] af]g; z]o/sf] ?kdf gofF z]o/ hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
^^= gfafns / sfg"gadf]lhd s/f/ ug{ cof]Uo JolQm ;+:yfks
x'gdf aGb]h M -!_ ;f]x| jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf] gfafns /
34
sfg"gadf]lhd s/f/ ug{ cof]Uo JolQm sDkgLsf] ;+:yfks
x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
t/ ck'tfnL k/L jf sfg"gsf] kl/rfngaf6 gfafns jf
sfg"gadf]lhd s/f/ ug{ cof]Uo JolQmn] ;+:yfksåf/f vl/b
u/]sf] sDkgLsf] z]o/df xs k|fKt ug{ o; bkmfn] afwf
k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ s'g} gfafns jf sfg"gadf]lhd s/f/ ug{ cof]Uo
JolQmn] s'g} sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ vl/b laqmL ug'{kbf{
To:tf] JolQmsf] afa', cfdf jf klt jf kTgL jf
sfg"gadf]lhd lgo'Qm ;+/Ifs jf cleefjsn] ug'{ kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b–%
sDkgLsf] ;ef
^&= sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef M -!_ sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef
b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5g\ M–
-s_ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef,
-v_ ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef .
-@_ klAns sDkgLsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ug{sf]
lgldQ sDtLdf PSsfO{; lbg cufj} / ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef
ug{sf] lgldQ sDtLdf kGw| lbg cufj} z]o/wgLx?nfO{
lghx?n] sDkgLnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] 7]ufgfdf ;ef x'g]
7fpF, ldlt / 5nkmn ug]{ ljifo vf]nL ;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
;f] s'/fsf] ;"rgf sDtLdf b'O{k6s /fli6«o:t/sf]
b}lgsklqsfdf klg k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ :ylut ePsf] s'g} ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpFbf To:tf]
;efdf gofF ljifodf 5nkmn gx'g] ePdf sDtLdf ;ft
lbgcl3 ;f] ;efsf] ;"rgf /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf
k|sflzt u/]df /Ltk"j{s ;"rgf lbPsf] dflgg]5 .
 -#_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf afx]s pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd
klxn] g} ;"lrt gul/Psf ljifodf ;fwf/0f ;efdf s'g} lg0f{o
ug{ ;lsg] 5}g M–
-s_ o; P]gsf] cGo bkmfx¿df cGoyf n]lvPsf]df
afx]s ;fwf/0f ;efdf dtbfg ug{ kfpg]
sDkgLsf] hDdf z]o/sf] ;t;¶L k|ltzt
z]o/nfO{ k|ltlglwTj ug]{ z]o/wgLx¿ :jo+ jf
k|ltlglwdfk{mt pkl:yt eO{ s'g} ljifodf lg0f{o
lng] kIfdf dtbfg u/]df,
-v_ :ylut ePsf] s'g} ;fwf/0f ;efdf 5nkmnsf]
lgldQ ;"lrt ul/Psf] s'g} ljifo ePdf .
-$_ sfo{fnon] cGoq ;fwf/0f ;ef ug{ k"j{:jLs[lt
lbPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s klAns sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef To:tf]
sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{no /x]sf] lhNnf jf /lhi68{
sfof{nosf] lhNnf;Fu hf]l8Psf] clwsf+z z]o/wgLnfO{ kfos
kg]{ 7fpFdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf
ePsf]df afx]s To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef g]kfn
/fHoleq jf aflx/ s'g} 7fpFdf x'g ;Sg]5 .
-%_ sDkgLn] tTsfn sfod /x]sf z]o/wgLx¿sf] gfd,
7]ufgf / lghx?n] lnPsf] z]o/ ;+Vof pNn]v ePsf] ;"rL
z]o/wgLx?af6 x'g] lg/LIf0fsf] nflu ;ef :yndf /fVg'
kg]{5 .
-^_ ;fwf/0f ;efdf To:tf] ;efsf] ;"rgfsf ;fy
k7fOPsf] 5nkmnsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] ljifopk/ ;j{k|yd
5nkmn tyf lg0f{o ul/g]5 .
-&_ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] cfjZostf
cg';f/ ;ef :ylut ug{ ;Sg]5 . h'g ;fwf/0f ;ef :ylut
35
ePsf] xf] ;f] ;ef x'g] lbgeGbf klxn] jf kl5 o; P]g
cg';f/ ;"rgf lbOPsf] s'g} klg ljifopk/ o;/L :ylut
eO{ af]nfOPsf] ;efdf 5nkmn / lg0f{o ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-*_ klxn] a;]sf] / ;f] :ylut eP kl5 a;]sf] ;efnfO{
;dfg clwsf/ x'g]5 . :ylut ;efdf kfl/t k|:tfj ;f]
:ylut ;ef a;]sf] ldltdf kfl/t ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-(_ s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] s'g} sDkgLsf] z]o/ vl/b
u/]sf] ePdf To:tf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfåf/f lgo'Qm JolQmn] To:tf]
;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf efu lng / dt
lbg kfpg]5 .
-!)_ e"njz s'g} ;"rLs[t sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLsf]
7]ufgfdf ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;"rgf k7fpg 5'6]sf] jf s'g}
z]o/wgLn] To:tf] sDkgLnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] 7]ufgfdf
k7fOPsf] ;"rgf lghn] k|fKt gu/]sf] sf/0fn] dfq s'g}
;fwf/0f ;efdf ePsf] sfd sf/afxL ab/ jf cdfGo x'g]
5}g .
-!!_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef / ;f]sf] sfo{ljlw
lgodfjnLdf jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf Joj:yf ul/Padf]lhd
x'g]5 . To;/L Joj:yf gePsf] cj:yfdf o; P]gsf] Joj:yf
nfu" x'g]5 .
-!@_ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfo{ljlw;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf
sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf n]lvPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
^*= ;~rfnsx¿ pkl:yt x'g' kg]{ M sDkgLsf] k|To]s ;~rfns
;fwf/0f ;efdf oyf;Dej :jo+ pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 .
^(= ;efsf] j}wflgstf M k|To]s ;fwf/0f ;ef z'? x'g'eGbf cufj}
;efdf pkl:yt z]o/wgLx¿n] ;f] ;ef o; P]g /
lgodfjnLadf]lhd af]nfOPsf] xf] jf xf]Og eGg] s'/f olsg
 ug]{5g\ / To; ;DaGwdf s'g} cGo sfg"gsf] kfngf gul/Psf]
eP klg ;a} z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ bkmf ^& sf] pkbkmf -@_
adf]lhd ;"rgf k7fOPsf] ePdf / bkmf &# adf]lhd u0fk"/s
;+Vof k'u]sf] ;efn] ;ef ug{ d~h'/ u/]df ;f] ;fwf/0f ;ef
/Ltk"j{s af]nfOPsf] dflgg]5 .
&)= ;efdf efu lng / dtbfg ug{ gkfpg] cj:yf M -!_ cfk"m /
sDkgLsf] aLrdf ePsf] jf x'g] s'g} zt{ aGb]hsf] ;DaGwdf
x'g] 5nkmndf s'g} JolQmn] z]o/wgLsf] x}l;otaf6 cfkm} jf
cfˆgf] k|ltlglwåf/f ;fwf/0f ;efdf efu lng / dtbfg ug{
kfpg] 5}g .
-@_ cfk"mn] u/]sf] jf ug{ 5'6fPsf] jf unt 9+un] u/]sf]
sfdsf] hjfkmb]xL jf cfk"mnfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{, sfo{ef/af6 d'Qm
ug]{, ;?jf ug]{, ydf}tL ug]{, kfl/>lds, eQf jf af]g; lbg]
jf ;f] 36fpg] jf a9fpg] jf cfˆgf] gf]s/L jf cfˆgf] ;/f]sf/
jf :jfy{ ePsf] s'g} ;Demf}tf, s/f/ jf 7]Ssf k§fsf
;DaGwdf ;fwf/0f ;efdf x'g] 5nkmndf s'g} ;~rfns jf
lghsf] lx:;]bf/ jf k|ltlglwn] dtbfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-#_ z]o/sf] ls:tf dfu ul/Psf] /sd e'Qmfg gug]{
z]o/wgLn] ;fwf/0f ;efdf efu lng / dtbfg ug{ kfpg]
5}g .
-$_ s'g} z]o/wgLn] ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] ;~rfnsnfO{
bkmf &! sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k|ltlglw lgo'Qm u/]sf]
cj:yfdf To:tf] ;~rfnsn] cfˆgf] lghL :jfy{ jf ;/f]sf/
ePsf] ljifodf jf cfk"mnfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ ljifodf s;}sf]
k|ltlglwsf] x}l;otn] ;fwf/0f ;efdf dtbfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-%_ o; P]g jf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
eP tfklg k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;+:yflkt a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfdf cfk"mn] lnPsf] z]o/ lwtf] jf aGws /fvL C0f lng]
z]o/wgLn] To:tf] C0f e'Qmfg gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 lghpk/
36
sfg"gL sf/afxL rnfO{ z]o/ afkt dtbfg ug{af6 /f]s
nufpg ;DalGwt a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 n]lvO{ cfPdf
;DalGwt sDkgLn] To:tf] z]o/wgLnfO{ lghn] lnPsf] z]o/
afkt C0f r'Qmf gePsf] cjlwe/ dtbfg ug{af6 /f]s
nufpg' kg]{5 .
&!= ;fwf/0f ;efdf dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ of] P]g jf
sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s
z]o/wgLx¿sf] btf{lstfadf z]o/wgLsf] ?kdf gfd btf{
/x]sf] JolQmnfO{ dfq bkmf &) sf] cwLgdf /xL ;fwf/0f
;efdf pkl:yt eO{ cfk"mn] lnPsf] k|To]s z]o/sf] Pp6f
dtsf] lx;fan] dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-@_ z]o/wgLsf] k|ltlglwn] dtflwsf/ k|of]u ug{
gkfpg] u/L sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf k|ltjGw nufPsf]
cj:yfdf afx]s o; bkmfsf] cwLgdf /xL s'g} klg
z]o/wgLn] ;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yt x'g / cfˆgf] dt k|of]u
ug{ kfpg] u/L s'g} JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{
;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ sf] cwLgdf /xL dtbfgsf]
clwsf/ kfPsf] z]o/wgL ;efdf :jo+ pkl:yt x'g g;Sg]
ePdf lghn] cfˆgf] k|ltlglwåf/f dtbfg ug{ tf]lsP
adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg n]vL ;xL5fk u/L k|ltlglw
lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 / To;/L lgo'Qm k|ltlglwn] bkmf &@ df
ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL ;efdf efu lng jf dtbfg
ug{ kfpg]5 .
-$_ ;femf u/L PshgfeGbf a9L JolQmsf] gfddf z]o/
lnPsf]df To:tf] ;fem]bf/x¿åf/f lgo'Qm ul/Psf] ;fem]bf/n]
jf lghn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm u/]sf] k|ltlglwn] /
;f]adf]lhd s'g} ;fem]bf/ lgo'Qm x'g g;s]sf]df bkmf $^
adf]lhd v8f ul/Psf] z]o/wgLx¿sf] btf{lstfadf ;f]
 ;fem]bf/dWo] h;sf] gfd qmdfg';f/ cl3 n]lvPsf] 5 ;f]xL
;fem]bf/n] lbPsf] dt jf k|ltlglwkqdfq dfGo x'g]5 .
&@= ;~rfnssf] lgjf{rg ubf{ dtbfg ug]{ Joj:yf M -!_
;~rfns lgjf{rg ug{sf] nflu dtbfg ubf{ lgodfjnLdf
cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s k|To]s z]o/wgLnfO{ lghn]
lnPsf] z]o/ ;+Vofn] lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{ ;~rfnssf] ;+VofnfO{
u'0fg ubf{ x'g] ;+Vof a/fa/sf] dtsf] lx;fan] dtbfg ug]{
clwsf/ x'g]5 / To;/L dtbfg ug]{ z]o/wgLn] cfˆgf] ;a}
dt Pp6} pDd]bjf/nfO{ jf PseGbf a9L pDd]bjf/nfO{ lghn]
tf]s]adf]lhd ljefhg x'g] u/L dtbfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ o; P]g jf lgodfjnLadf]lhd ;~rfns lgo'Qm
ug{ kfpg] ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] cfk"mn] lnPsf] z]o/sf] cg'kftdf
;~rfnssf] lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] cj:yfdf
lgjf{rgdf dtbfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
t/ z]o/ ;+Vof / ;~rfnssf] s'n ;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf
Pshgf klg ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug{ g;Sg] jf o; pkbkmfsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L ;~rfns lgo'Qm gug]{ ;+ul7t ;+:yfn]
z]o/wgLx?sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;~rfnssf] lgjf{rgdf cGo
z]o/wgL;/x efu lng, dtbfg ug{ jf To:tf] ;+:yfn] lnPsf
z]o/sf] cg'kftdf lgjf{lrt x'g ;Sg] ;~rfnssf]
;+Vof;Ddsf] pDd]bjf/L lbg ;Sg]5 .
&#= u0fk"/s ;+Vof M -!_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf]
u0fk"/s ;+Vof To:tf] sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf n]lvPadf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-@_ sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf u0fk"/s ;+Vofsf] nflu a9L
;+Vof tf]lsPsf]df afx]s klAns sDkgLsf] afF8kmfF8 ePsf]
s'n z]o/ ;+Vofsf] krf; k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/sf]
k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L s'n z]o/wgLx¿dWo] sDtLdf tLghgf
37
z]o/wgLx¿ :jo+ jf cfˆgf] k|ltlglwdfk{mt pkl:yt geO{
;efsf] sfd sf/afxL x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] u0fk"/s ;+Vof k"/f gePsf]
sf/0fn] ;ef x'g g;sL sDtLdf ;ft lbgsf] ;"rgf lbO{
csf]{k6s ;ef af]nfpFbf sDkgLsf] afF8kmfF8 ePsf] s'n z]o/
;+Vofsf] kRrL; k|ltzt z]o/sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L sDtLdf
tLghgf z]o/wgLx? :jo+ jf k|ltlglwdfk{mt pkl:yt ePdf
;ef ug{ afwf kg]{ 5}g .
-$_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -@_ df /x]sf] k|ltjGwfTds
jfSof+zdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd ;+:yfkgf ePsf] jf bkmf !&#
sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yfkgf ePsf] sDkgLsf] nflu
pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ df n]lvPadf]lhd tLghgf z]o/wgL
pkl:yt x'g clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .
&$= 5nkmn / lg0f{o M -!_ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cWoIftf ;~rfns
;ldltsf] cWoIfn] ug]{5 / lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf
;~rfnsx?n] cfk"mdWo]af6 dgf]gLt u/]sf] JolQmn] ug]{5 .
-@_ ;fwf/0f ;efdf 5nkmn ul/g] ;a} ljifox¿
k|:tfjsf] ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . k|:tfj kfl/t eP jf gePsf]
s'/f ;f] ;efsf] cWoIfn] 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ dtbfg ul/Psf] k|To]s ljifodf ;efsf] ax'dt
z]o/wgLsf] /fonfO{ ;f] ;efsf] lg0f{o dflgg]5 . To:tf] /fo
ln+bf cWoIfn] xft p7fpg nufO{, WjgLdt, z]o/wgLx?sf]
;d"x ljefhg, dtkqsf] k|of]unufot cGo pko'Qm k|lqmof
cjnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 .
t/ ljz]if k|:tfjsf] xsdf ;efdf pkl:yt
z]o/wgLx¿dWo] krxQ/ k|ltzt z]o/sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{
z]o/wgLn] k|:tfjsf] kIfdf dt lbPdf dfq ;f] k|:tfj
;efåf/f :jLs[t ePsf] dflgg]5 .
 -$_ ;fwf/0f ;efdf kIf / ljkIfdf dt a/fa/ ePdf
;efsf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] lg0ff{os dt lbg kfpg]5 .
t/ z]o/wgLsf] x}l;otn] dtbfg ug]{ clwsf/af6 lgh
jl~rt x'g] 5}g .
&%= ljj/0f /fVg' kg]{ M -!_ k|To]s sDkgLn] ;fwf/0f ;efdf ePsf]
sfd sf/afxLsf] ljj/0f -dfO{Go"6_ Pp6f 5'§} lstfadf /fVg'
kg]{5 / ;f] ljj/0fdf ;DalGwt ;efsf] cWoIf / sDkgL
;lrj eP sDkgL ;lrjn] b:tvt ug'{ kg]{5 . sDkgL ;lrj
gePsf] sDkgLsf] xsdf ;f] ljj/0fdf ;DalGwt ;efsf]
cWoIf / ;fwf/0f;efåf/f ax'dtaf6 lgo'Qm z]o/wgLx?sf]
Pshgf k|ltlglwn] b:tvt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f /fVbf ;efsf]
;"rgf s;/L hf/L ul/of], slt z]o/wgLx¿ pkl:yt lyP,
hDdf z]o/sf] slt k|ltztsf] k|ltlglwTj ePsf] lyof],
;efdf s] s] lg0f{o ul/of] / dtbfg ePsf]df dtbfgsf]
kl/0ffd s] eof] cflb ;a} s'/fx¿ v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;fwf/0f ;ef ePsf] tL; lbgleq o; bkmfadf]lhd
n]lvPsf] ljj/0f z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .
t/ s'g} sDkgLn] ;f] ljj/0f /fli6«o:t/sf]
b}lgsklqsfdf k|sflzt u/]df z]o/wgLx?nfO{ k7fO/xg' kg]{
5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvPsf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf]
sfd sf/afxLsf] ljj/0f sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{nodf /fVg'
kg]{5 . To:tf] ljj/0f sfof{no ;doleq s'g} z]o/wgLn] x]g{
rfx]df sDkgL ;lrj jf sDkgLn] tf]s]sf] cGo sd{rf/Ln] x]g{
lbg' kg]{5 .
38
-%_ s'g} z]o/wgLn] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfd sf/afxLsf]
ljj/0fsf] k|ltlnlk lng rfx]df sDkgLn] lgodfjnLdf
tf]s]adf]lhdsf] b:t'/ lnO{ k|ltlnlk pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
&^= jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef M -!_ k|To]s klAns sDkgLn] sf/f]af/
z'? ug]{ Ohfht kfPsf] Ps jif{leq k|yd jflif{s ;fwf/0f
;ef ug'{ kg]{5 / To;kl5 k|To]s jif{ sDkgLsf] cfly{s jif{
k"/f ePsf] 5 dlxgfleq jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} klAns sDkgLn] pkbkmf -!_ sf] Dofb gf3]sf]
tLg dlxgfleq klg jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef gaf]nfPdf
sfof{non] To:tf] sDkgLsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg
lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] lgb]{zg k|fKt u/]sf] tLg dlxgfleq
klg sDkgLn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef gaf]nfPdf ;f] s'/f v'nfO{
s'g} z]o/wgLn] cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] lgj]bg
lbPdf cbfntn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ug{ nufpg jf cGo
pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ bkmf &# sf] pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd cbfntsf]
cfb]zadf]lhd af]nfOPsf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf hlt;'s} z]o/wgL
pkl:yt eP klg u0fk"/s ;+Vof k'u]sf] dflgg]5 .
&&= jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug'{ kg]{ / lg0f{o x'g' kg]{
ljifox¿ M -!_ k|To]s klAns sDkgLsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f
;efdf ;~rfnsx¿n] n]vfk/LIf0f eO{;s]sf] jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f, n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg / ;~rfnssf] k|ltj]bg k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ hDdf dt ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf kfFr k|ltzt dtsf]
k|ltlglwTj ug]{ z]o/wgL jf z]o/wgLx?n] rfx]df bkmf ^& sf]
pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf hf/L x'g'eGbf cufj}
 ;~rfnsx¿;dIf lgj]bg lbO{ s'g} ljifo jflif{s ;fwf/0f
;efdf 5nkmn / lg0f{osf nflu k]z ug{ nufpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ k|To]s klAns sDkgLn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef
x'g'eGbf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbg cufj} bkmf *$ cg';f/sf]
jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f, ;~rfnssf] k|ltj]bg / n]vfk/LIfssf]
k|ltj]bg z]o/wgLx¿n] lgl/If0f ug{ / k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]
Joj:yf ldnfO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu /fli6«o:t/sf]
b}lgsklqsfdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg{]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df plNnlvt ljj/0f / k|ltj]bg
cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB'tLo ;~rf/ dfWodåf/f;d]t ;"rgf
k|jfx ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ df plNnlvt n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg,
jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tyf ;~rfnssf] k|ltj]bg s'g}
z]o/wgLn] dfu ug{ cfPdf sDkgLn] To:tf] z]o/wgLnfO{
To:tf] k|ltj]bg jf ljj/0fx? pknAw u/fpg' kg{]5 .
-^_ o; P]gdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s
sDkgLsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf z]o/wgLx?nfO{ afFl8g]
d'gfkmf, ;~rfnssf] lgo'lQm tyf kfl/>lds, n]vfk/LIfssf]
lgo'lQm / lghsf] kfl/>lds jf sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6
lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{ egL o; P]g jf lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ul/Psf
cGo ljifodf ;f] ;efdf k|:tfj k]z ug{ / lg0f{o ug{
;lsg]5 .
t/ z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ afFl8g] d'gfkmfsf] ;DaGwdf lg0f{o
ubf{ To:tf] d'gfkmfsf] b/ ;~rfns ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf]
b/eGbf a9L x'g] u/L lg0f{o ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
&*= sfof{nodf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ M k|To]s klAns sDkgLn]
b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{ k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L jflif{s ;fwf/0f
;ef x'g'eGbf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbgcl3 sfof{nodf k]z ug'{
39
kg]{5 . To:tf] k|ltj]bg ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t eO{
sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfsaf6 k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] x'g' kg]{5 M–
-s_ afF8kmfF8 ePsf] z]o/sf] ;+Vof,
-v_ afF8kmfF8 ePsf] z]o/dWo] r'Qmf ePsf] /
gePsf] z]o/sf] ;+Vof,
-u_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns,
n]vfk/LIfs, sfo{sf/L k|d['v, k|aGwssf] ljj/0f
/ lghx?nfO{ e'Qmfg ul/Psf] kfl/>lds, eQf
tyf ;'ljwfsf] /sd,
-3_ sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] kfFr k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf
a9L z]o/ vl/b u/L lng] JolQm jf ;+ul7t
;+:yfsf] gfd / lghx?sf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/sf] ljj/0f,
-ª_ z]o/ laqmLaf6 k|fKt ePsf] hDdf /sd /
;DalGwt cfly{s jif{df sDkgLn] vl/b u/]sf]
tyf hf/L u/]sf] gofF z]o/ tyf l8a]~r/sf]
ljj/0f,
-r_ ;~rfns jf cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL jf lghsf
glhssf gft]bf/n] sDkgLnfO{ a'emfpg afFsL
/x]sf] /sd,
-5_ z]o/ laqmL jf cGo s'g} sfd s'/f u/]afkt
lbPsf] jf lbg' kg]{ /sd,
-h_ a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 lnPsf] C0f tyf
a'emfpg afFsL /x]sf] ;fFjf tyf Jofhsf] /sd,
-em_ sDkgLn] e'QmfgL lng' kg]{ jf sDkgLn] cGo
JolQmnfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ egL bfaL ul/Psf]
 /sd jf o; ljifodf d'2f dfldnf rln/x]sf]
eP To;sf] ljj/0f,
-`_ sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgdf sfo{/t tyf cGo
:t/sf sd{rf/L jf sfdbf/sf] ;+Vof,
-6_ sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgdf sfo{/t tyf cGo
:t/df sfo{/t ljb]zLx?sf] ;+Vof tyf
lghx?nfO{ e'Qmfg ul/Psf] kfl/>lds, eQf
tyf ;'ljwf,
-7_ sDkgL / s'g} ljb]zL lgsfo jf JolQmx?aLr
nufgL, Joj:yfkg jf k|fljlws ;]jf jf cGo
ljifodf Ps jif{eGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu s'g}
;Demf}tf ul/Psf] eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f / ;DalGwt
cfly{s jif{df To:tf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ e'Qmfg
ul/Psf] nfef+z, sld;g, z'Ns, b:t'/ / /f]oN6L
cflbsf] ljj/0f,
-8_ sDkgLsf] Ps cfly{s jif{sf] Joj:yfkg vr{sf]
ljj/0f,
-9_ z]o/wgLx?n] a'lemlng afFsL /x]sf] nfef+zsf]
/sd,
-0f_ sDkgLn] o; P]g tyf k|rlnt sfg"gsf] kfngf
k"0f{ ?kdf u/]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fsf] pb\3f]if0f,
-t_ cGo cfjZos s'/f .
&(= jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lgldQ sfuhft tof/ /fVg] M k|To]s
klAns sDkgLn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf 5nkmn ul/g] jflif{s
cfly{s ljj/0f, ;~rfnssf] k|ltj]bg, n]vfk/LIfssf]
k|ltj]bg, bkmf &* cg';f/ tof/ kfl/Psf] k|ltj]bg / ;efdf
k]z x'g] k|:tfjx? ;ef x'g'eGbf sDtLdf PSsfO; lbg cufj}
40
tof/ u/L sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{nodf z]o/wgLx?n]
lg/LIf0f ug{ kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfO{ /fVg' kg]{5 / s'g}
z]o/wgLn] lgj]bg lbO{ ;f]sf] k|ltlnlk dfu u/]df lghnfO{
To;sf] Ps k|lt k|ltlnlk lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ ljz]if k|:tfjsf ?kdf ;efdf k]z x'g] k|:tfjx?
;efsf] ;"rgf ;fy z]o/wgLsf] 7]ufgfdf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
*)= sfof{nodf jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ljj/0f k7fpg] M -!_
k|To]s klAns sDkgLn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ePsf] tL;
lbgleq ;f] ;efdf pkl:yt z]o/wgLx¿sf] ;+Vof, jflif{s
cfly{s ljj/0f, ;~rfns / n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg / ;f]
;efn] u/]sf lg0f{osf] Ps k|lt sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg{]5 .
-@_ o; P]gdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s k|To]s
k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] cfˆgf] cfly{s jif{ k"/f ePsf] 5 dlxgfleq
n]vfk/LIfsåf/f k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0fsf]
Ps k|lt sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
*!= ljj/0f gk7fPdf hl/afgf x'g] M -!_ o; P]gadf]lhd sDkgLn]
sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ s'g} ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf
hfgsf/L jf sDkgLnfO{ kbflwsf/L jf z]o/wgLn] pknAw
u/fpg' kg]{ hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg o; P]gdf s'g} Dofb
tf]lsPsf]df To:tf] Dofbleq ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf
To:tf] ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ st{Jo
ePsf] kbflwsf/L jf z]o/wgLn] To:tf] ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf
hfgsf/L sfof{no jf sDkgLnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq bkmf %!, &*,
!@), !#! jf !%^ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f, ;"rgf, hfgsf/L jf
hjfkm pknAw gu/fpg] b]xfosf sDkgLsf ;~rfns jf
To;sf kbflwsf/LnfO{ /lhi6«f/n] b]xfoadf]lhd hl/afgf
ug]{5 M–
 -s_ Dofb e'Qmfg ePsf] tLg dlxgf;Ddsf nflu
kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf]
sDkgL eP Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF, Ps s/f]8
?k}ofF;Dd r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgL eP b'O{
xhf/ ?k}ofF / ;f]eGbf a9L r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf]
sDkgL eP kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF,
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb e'QmfgL ePsf]
ldltb]lv yk tLg dlxgf;Ddsf nflu kRrL;
nfv ?k}ofF;Dd r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgL eP
Ps xhf/ kfFr ;o ?k}ofF, Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd
r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgL eP tLg xhf/ ?k}ofF
/ ;f]eGbf a9L r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgL eP
;ft xhf/ ?k}ofF,
-u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb e'QmfgL ePkl5 yk
5 dlxgf;Ddsf nflu kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd
r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgL eP b'Oxhf/ kfFr ;o
?k}ofF, Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf]
sDkgL eP kfFr xhf/ ?k}ofF / ;f]eGbf a9L
r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgL eP bz xhf/ ?k}ofF,
-3_ v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] klg Dofb e'QmfgL
eO;s]sf]df kRrL; nfv ?k}ofF;Dd r'Qmf k"FhL
ePsf] sDkgL eP k|To]s jif{sf] nflu kfFrxhf/
?k}ofF, Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf]
sDkgL eP k|To]s jif{sf] nflu bz xhf/ ?k}ofF
/ ;f]eGbf a9L r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgL eP
k|To]s jif{sf nflu aL; xhf/ ?k}ofF .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq To:tf] ljj/0f,
;"rgf jf hfgsf/L pknAw gu/fpg] d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{
sDkgLsf] xsdf To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/LnfO{
41
Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF;Dd r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgLnfO{ x'g];/xsf]
hl/afgf x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] hl/afgf ltg'{ kg]{ s'g}
;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf z]o/wgLn] ;f] hl/afgf sfof{nodf
a'emfO{ k7fpg' kg]{ ljj/0f sfof{no jf ;DalGwt sDkgLdf
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd Dofb e'Qmfg ePsf] cjlw
u0fgf ubf{ of] P]g k|f/De ePsf] ldltaf6 ul/g]5 .
-^_ o; P]gadf]lhd sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{ cGo
ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L pknAw gu/fpg] sDkgLsf
;~rfns jf To;sf kbflwsf/L jf z]o/wgLnfO{ To:tf]
ljj/0f, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ Dofb ;dfKt
ePsf] ldltn] Ps dlxgf e'Qmfg ePkl5 k|To]s Ps dlxgfsf]
b'O{ ;o ?k}ofFsf] b/n] hl/afgf x'g]5 .
t/ o:tf] hl/afgf Ps cfly{s jif{df Psxhf/
?k}ofFeGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
*@= ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef M -!_ cfjZos b]lvPdf sDkgLsf]
;~rfns ;ldltn] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ sDkgLsf] lx;falstfasf] hfFra'em ubf{ s'g}
sf/0fn] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg cfjZos b]lvPdf
n]vfk/LIfsn] To:tf] ;ef af]nfpgsf] lgldQ ;~rfns
;ldltnfO{ cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f]adf]lhd ;~rfns
;ldltn] To:tf] ;ef gaf]nfPdf n]vfk/LIfsn] ;f] s'/f v'nfO{
sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 / ;f]adf]lhd lgj]bg k/]df
sfof{non] sDkgLsf] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfO{ lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] sDtLdf bz k|ltzt z]o/
lng] z]o/wgLx¿ jf z]o/wgLx¿sf] hDdf ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf
kRrL; k|ltzt z]o/wgLx¿n] sf/0f v'nfO{ ljz]if ;fwf/0f
 ;ef af]nfpg sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbO{ dfu
u/]df ;~rfns ;ldltn] sDkgLsf] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef
af]nfpg' kg]{5 .
*$= z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ ;+lIfKt cfly{s ljj/0f k7fpg] Joj:yf M
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg k/]sf] ldltn] tL;
lbgleq ;~rfns ;ldltn] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef gaf]nfPdf
;DalGwt z]o/wgLx¿n] ;f] s'/f v'nfO{ sfof{nodf ph'/L ug{
;Sg]5g\ / To:tf] ph'/L k/]df sfof{non] To:tf] ;ef af]nfO{
lbg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ lg/LIf0f hfFrsf] kmn:j?k jf s'g} sf/0fn] ljz]if
;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg cfjZos b]lvPdf sfof{non] To:tf]
;ef :jo+ af]nfpg jf ;~rfns ;ldltåf/f af]nfpg nufpg
;Sg]5 .
*#= ljz]if k|:tfj k]z ug'{ kg]{ M b]xfosf] ljifodf sDkgLsf]
;fwf/0f ;efdf lg0f{o lngsf] nflu ljz]if k|:tfj k]z ug'{
kg]{5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] clws[t k"FhL a9fpg] ljifo,
-v_ sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg] jf x]/km]/ ug]{ ljifo,
-u_ sDkgLsf] gfd jf d'Vo p2]Zo kl/jt{g ug]{ ljifo,
-3_ Pp6f sDkgL csf]{ sDkgLdf ufleg] ljifo,
-ª_ af]g; z]o/ hf/L ug]{ ljifo,
-r_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm}n] vl/b ug]{ ljifo,
-5_ l8:sfp06df z]o/ laqmL ug]{ ljifo,
-h_ k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns sDkgLdf jf klAns sDkgL
k|fOe]6 sDkgLdf kl/0ft x'g] ljifo,
42
-em_ o; P]g jf lgodfjnLdf sDkgLn] ljif]z k|:tfj kfl/t
ug'{ kg]{ elgPsf] cGo ljifo .
-!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
lwtf]kq ahf/df ;"rLs[t ePsf] sDkgLn] jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f / ;~rfnssf] k|ltj]bg z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfnfO{
k7fpg' kg]{ 5}g .
t/ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;"rgf k7fpFbf k|To]s
z]o/wgLnfO{ pkbkmf -@_ tyf -#_ adf]lhd tof/ kfl/Psf]
;+lIfKt jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z cg';f/
k7fpg' kg]{ ;+lIfKt cfly{s ljj/0f sDkgLsf] jflif{s
cfly{s ljj/0f tyf ;~rfnsx¿sf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df
tof/ kfg'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] ljj/0fsf] 9fFrf k|rlnt sfg"g
cg';f/ n]vfdfg lgwf{/0f ug{ tf]lsPsf] lgsfosf]
;'emfasf] cfwf/df sfof{non] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ ;+lIfKt jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0fdf cGo s'/fsf]
cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/fx¿ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;+lIfKt jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f sDkgLsf]
jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f / ;~rfnssf]
k|ltj]bgsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f dfq xf] eGg] s'/f,
-v_ ;+lIfKt jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f sDkgLsf]
jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tyf ;~rfnssf]
k|ltj]bg cg'?k 5 jf 5}g eGg] s'/f / ;f]
ljj/0f o; bkmf cg';f/ tf]lsPsf] 9fFrf
cg's"n 5 jf 5}g eGg] af/]df sDkgLsf]
n]vfk/LIfssf] dGTfJo,
 -u_ n]vfk/LIfsn] sDkgLsf] jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f af/]df s'g} s}lkmot b]vfPsf] jf
gb]vfPsf] s'/f / s'g} s}lkmot b]vfPsf] eP
To:tf] s}lkmotsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f / To:tf]
s}lkmot a'‰gsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{
;fdu|Lx¿,
-3_ sDkgLsf] n]vf tyf n]vf;DaGwL ljj/0fx¿
ck"0f{ ePsf] jf sDkgLsf] n]vf sDkgLn]
/fv]sf] clen]v tyf ljj/0f;Fu ldNb}g eGg]
af/]df jf dfu u/]sf] hfgsf/L tyf
:ki6Ls/0f k|fKt ePsf] 5}g eGg] af/]df
n]vfk/LIfsn] cfˆgf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v
u/]sf] ePdf ;f];DaGwL k"0f{ ljj/0f .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd z]o/wgLx?nfO{ sDkgLn]
JolQmut 7]ufgfdf ;+lIfKt jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f k7fpg'sf]
;§f ;f] ljifodf ;efsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ubf{sf] avt
/fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf sDtLdf b'O{k6s k|sfzg ug{
;Sg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;+lIfKt jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f
k|sflzt ePsf]df ;f] ljj/0f z]o/wgLsf] JolQmut 7]ufgfdf
k7fpg' cfjZos kg]{ 5}g .
*%= btf{ gDa/ pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ M sDkgLn] o; P]gsf] k|of]hgsf]
lgldQ sfof{no;dIf k]z ug'{kg{] ;a} k|ltj]bg, ljj/0f,
clen]v jf cGo sfuhftdf sDkgLsf] btf{ gDa/ pNn]v ug'{
kg{]5 .
43
kl/R5]b–^
;~rfns ;ldlt
*^= ;~rfns ;ldlt / ;~rfnssf] ;+Vof M -!_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf]
;~rfnsx¿sf] lgo'lQm / lghx?sf] ;+Vof lgodfjnLdf
Joj:yf ul/Padf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s klAns sDkgLdf sDtLdf tLghgf / a9Ldf
P3f/hgf;Dd ;~rfns ePsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt /xg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;~rfns ;ldlt u7g x'Fbf
sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf ePsf] / ;DalGwt
sDkgLsf] Joj;fo;Fu ;DalGwt ljifodf 1fg tyf cg'ej
xfl;n u/]sf] JolQmx?dWo] ;fthgf;Dd ;~rfns eP
sDtLdf Pshgf / ;fthgfeGbf a9L ;~rfns ePdf
sDtLdf b'O{hgf JolQmnfO{ :jtGq ;~rfnssf] ?kdf lgo'Qm
ug'{ kg{]5 .
-$_ ;~rfnsx¿n] cfk"mdWo]af6 5fg]sf] s'g} Pshgf
;~rfns ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf x'g]5 .
*&= ;~rfnsx¿sf] lgo'lQm M -!_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfnsx¿sf]
lgo'lQm bkmf *( tyf lgodfjnLdf n]lvPsf Joj:yfx¿sf]
cwLgdf /xL sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efåf/f ul/g]5 .
t/,
-!_ sDkgLsf] k|yd jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef geP;Dd
;~rfnsx¿sf] lgo'lQm ;+:yfksx?åf/f ul/g]5 .
-@_ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efåf/f lgo'Qm ul/Psf]
;~rfnssf] kb s'g} Joxf]/fn] l/Qm ePdf ;f]
l/Qm :yfgdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] csf]{ ;~rfns
lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] z]o/ lnPsf] sDkgLsf] xsdf sDkgLsf
;~rfnsx?sf] hDDff ;+Vof / ;f] ;+:yfn] u|x0f u/]sf] z]o/
;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf x'g cfpg] ;~rfns / To:tf] ;~rfns
s'g} Joxf]/fn] ;ldltsf] a}7sdf efu lng g;Sg] cj:yf
pTkGg ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] k|To]s ;~rfnssf] ;§fdf
;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g / dtbfg ug{ j}slNks
;~rfns;d]t To:tf] ;+:yfn] lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ cg';f/ lgo'Qm s'g} ;~rfns
sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g g;Sg]
ePdf To:tf] ;~rfnsn] ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lghsf]
j}slNks ;~rfns tyf ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{5 . To:tf] cj:yfdf j}slNks ;~rfnsn] ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf efu lng / dtbfg ug{ kfpg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm a}slNks ;~rfnsn]
pkbkmf -#_ sf] cj:yfdf afx]s ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf
efu lng / dtbfg ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
**= ;~rfns x'gsf] lgldQ lng' kg]{ z]o/ M s'g} sDkgLsf]
;~rfns lgo'Qm x'gsf] lgldQ ;f] sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf
s'g} z]o/ ;+Vof tf]lsPsf] eP ;f]adf]lhdsf] z]o/ ;~rfns
x'g] JolQmn] lnPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . To;/L gtf]lsPsf]df sDtLdf
Ps ;o z]o/ lnPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
t/ bkmf *^ sf] pkbkmf -#_ tyf bkmf *& sf]
pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm x'g] ;~rfnsn] To:tf] z]o/
lng' cfjZos x'g] 5}g .
*(= ;~rfnssf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g jf axfn /xg g;Sg] cj:yf M
-!_ b]xfosf s'g} JolQm ;~rfnssf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg]
5}g M–
44
-s_ klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf PSsfO; jif{ pd]/
gk'u]sf],
-v_ duh lau|]sf] jf ax'nfPsf],
-u_ bfdf;fxLdf k/L kfFr jif{sf] cjlw k"/f gePsf],
-3_ e|i6frf/ jf g}lts ktg b]lvg] cGo s;"/df
;hfo kfPsf],
t/ k|fOe]6 sDkgL eP To:tf] ;hfo e'Qmfg
ePsf] ldltn] tLg jif{ k"/f gePsf],
-ª_ s'g} k|sf/sf] rf]/L, 7uL, sLt]{ jf cfˆgf]
lhDdfsf] wgdfn cglws[t tj/n] df;]sf] jf
b'?kof]u u/]sf] cleof]udf s;"/bf/ 7x/L ;hfo
e'Qmfg ePsf] tLg jif{ k"/f gePsf],
-r_ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] Joj;fo jf s'g} 7]Ssf k§f
jf sf/f]af/df s'g} k|sf/sf] lghL :jfy{ ePsf],
-5_ ;dfg p2]Zo ePsf] csf]{ s'g} sDkgLsf]
;~rfns, cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL, sd{rf/L,
n]vfk/LIfs jf ;Nnfxsf/ kbdf axfn /x]sf] jf
To:tf] sDkgLdf s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lghL :jfy{
ePsf],
t/ Pp6f k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] To:tf]
JolSt ;dfg p2]Zo ePsf] csf{] k|fOe]6
sDkgLdf ;~rfns x'g ;Sg]5 .
-h_ ;DalGwt sDkgLnfO{ /sd a'emfpg afFsL /x]sf]
7x/ ePsf] cj:yfdf To:tf] z]o/wgL,
-em_ bkmf !^) adf]lhd ;hfo kfPsf] JolQmsf]
xsdf ;hfo kfPsf] ldltn] Ps jif{ ggf3]sf] jf
 bkmf !^! adf]lhd ;hfo kfPsf] JolQmsf]
xsdf ;hfo kfPsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf ggf3]sf],
-`_ s'g} vf; Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{ sDkgLsf]
xsdf k|rlnt sfg"gn] s'g} of]Uotf tf]s]sf]
eP To:tf] of]Uotf gk'u]sf] jf s'g} cof]Uotf
tf]lsPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] cof]Uotf ePsf],
-6_ nuftf/ tLg cfly{s jif{;Dd o; P]g cg';f/
sfof{nodf k]z ug{'[ kg]{ ljj/0f tyf k|ltj]bgx?
k]z gug]{ s'g} sDkgLsf] ;~rfns /x]sf],
axfn /xg] 5}g M–
-7_ csf]{ s'g} ;"rLs[t sDkgLaf6 a}7s eQf /
a}7s :yndf cfpg, hfg, a:gsf nflu nfUg]
jf:tljs vr{afx]s cGo kfl/>lds jf s'g}
;'ljwf k|fKt ug]{ ;~rfnssf] kbdf axfn
/x]sf] .
-@_ b]xfosf] s'g} JolQm :jtGq ;~rfnssf] kbdf
lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}g M–
-s_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPadf]lhdsf] JolQm,
-v_ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] z]o/wgL,
-u_ ;DalGwt sDkgLn] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ljifo;Fu
;DalGwt ljifodf sDtLdf :gftsf]kflw xfl;n
u/L ;DalGwt If]qdf jf sDkgL
Joj:yfkg;DaGwL sfddf sDtLdf bz jif{sf]
cg'ejk|fKt jf cy{, ljQ, Joj:yfkg, n]vf,
tYofÍ, jfl0fHo, Jofkf/ k|zf;g jf sfg"g
ljifodf sDtLdf :gftsf]kflw k|fKt u/L
;DalGwt If]qdf sDtLdf bz jif{sf] cg'ej
k|fKt gu/]sf],
45
-3_ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] kbflwsf/L, n]vfk/LIfs,
sd{rf/L jf To:tf] s'g} kbaf6 cjsfz k|fKt
u/]sf] tLg jif{ k"/f gePsf],
-ª_ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] kbflwsf/Lsf] glhssf]
gft]bf/,
-r_ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfs jf lghsf]
;fe]mbf/ .
-#_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf s'g} JolQm ;~rfnssf] kbdf
-s_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ df n]lvPadf]lhd
;~rfnssf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g g;Sg] cj:yf
ePdf,
-v_ ;fwf/0f ;efn] ;~rfnssf] kbaf6 x6fpg]
k|:tfj kfl/t u/]df,
-u_ ;~rfnsn] cfˆgf] kbaf6 lbPsf] /fhLgfdf
;~rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePdf,
-3_ sDkgLsf] sfd sf/afxLdf a]OdfgL jf ablgot
u/]sf] s'/f cbfntaf6 7x/ ePdf,
-ª_ o; P]gadf]lhd ;~rfnsn] ug{ gx'g] egL
tf]lsPsf] s'g} sfo{ u/]sf] jf ug'{ kg]{ egL
tf]lsPsf] sfo{ gu/]sf] egL cbfntaf6 7x/
ePdf,
-r_ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
C0f glt/L clwsf/k|fKt lgsfon] sfnf] ;"rLdf
/fvL sfnf] ;"rLsf] cjlw sfod /x]sf] ePdf .
 -$_ s'g} JolQmnfO{ ;~rfnssf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g jf
axfn /xg cof]Uo 7x¥ofpg'cl3 sDkgLn] lghnfO{ ;f]
s'/fsf] ;"rgf lbO{ ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ dgfl;a df}sf lbg' kg]{5 .
()= ;~rfnsx¿sf] sfo{sfn M -!_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] ;~rfnssf]
sfo{sfn lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ePadf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ klAns sDkgLsf] ;~rfnssf] sfo{sfn
lgodfjnLdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd a9Ldf rf/ jif{sf] x'g
;Sg]5 .
t/,
-!_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfåf/f lgo'Qm
;~rfns g]kfn ;/sf/ jf lgo'Qm ug]{ ;+:yfsf]
OR5f cg';f/sf] cjlw;Dd cfˆgf] kbdf axfn
/xg]5 .
-@_ bkmf *& sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds
jfSof+zsf] qmd;+Vof -!_ tyf -@_ adf]lhd
lgo'Qm ePsf] ;~rfns jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef
geP;Dd dfq cfˆgf] kbdf axfn /xg]5 .
-#_ s'g} ;~rfnssf] sfo{sfn k"/f gx'Fb} aLrdf kb
l/Qm eO{ ;f] kbdf lgo'Qm ePsf] ;~rfnssf]
sfo{sfn h'g ;~rfnssf] kb l/Qm eO{ lgo'Qm
ePsf] xf] ;f] ;~rfnssf] afFsL sfo{sfn;Ddsf]
nflu dfq x'g]5 .
-#_ k|rlnt sfg"g jf lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf
ul/Psf]df afx]s Ps sfo{sfn ;dfKt eO{ ;~rfnssf]
kbaf6 cjsfz k|fKt ug]{ JolQm ;~rfnssf] kbdf k'gM
lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg]5 .
46
(!= ;~rfnsx¿sf] kfl/>lds, eQf, k'/:sf/ OToflb M -!_
;~rfnsx¿n] a}7sdf pkl:yt ePafkt kfpg] a}7s eQf,
dfl;s kfl/>lds, b}lgs eQf tyf e|d0f vr{ jf cGo
;'ljwf ;fwf/0f ;efn] lgwf{/0f u/]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t
u/L sDkgLdf k"/f ;do sfd ug]{ ;~rfnsx¿nfO{ k|f]T;fxg
lbg sDkgLn] ltg'{ kg]{ cfos/ ltl/;s]kl5 afFsL /x]sf]
d'gfkmfsf] tLg k|ltztdf ga9fO{ k'/:sf/ lbg ;Sg]5 .
t/ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clGtd ?kdf cfos/
lgwf{/0f x'Fbf sDkgLn] yk cfos/ ltg'{ kg]{ ePdf sDkgLn]
To:tf] yk s/sf] /sd k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug]{ ;~rfnsx?af6
lghx?n] k'/:sf/afkt k|fKt u/]sf] /sdsf] xb;Dd
;dfg'kflts ?kdf c;"npk/ u/L lng' kg]{5 .
-#_ k|yd ;fwf/0f ;ef geP;Ddsf] nflu k|aGw
;~rfns jf sDkgLdf k"/f ;do sfd ug]{ cGo ;~rfnssf]
kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf ;~rfns ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f ug{
;Sg]5 .
-$_ sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] :jLs[lt k|bfg u/]sf]
cj:yfdf afx]s ;"rLs[t sDkgLsf] s'g} ;~rfns cfˆgf]
kbaf6 d'Qm ePdf jf cjsfz k|fKt u/]df lghnfO{ sDkgLn]
;f] s'/fsf] Ifltk"lt{afkt s'g} klg lsl;dsf] e'QmfgL ug'{
xF'b}g .
(@= ;~rfnsx¿n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ M -!_ ;~rfnsn] cfk"m
;~rfnssf] kbdf axfn u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq b]xfosf s'/fsf]
lnlvt hfgsf/L sDkgLnfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} k|sf/sf]
vl/b laqmL jf cGo k|sf/sf] 7]Ssf k§fdf cfk"m
jf cfˆgf] glhssf] gft]bf/sf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtf
ePdf jf s'g} lsl;dsf] lghL :jfy{ ePdf,
 :ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
æk|ToIf ;+nUgtfÆ eGgfn] ;~rfns jf lghsf]
glhssf] gft]bf/ ;+:yfks /x]sf] jf bz
k|ltzteGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] sDkgL jf
k|fOe]6 kmd{ jf ;fem]bf/L kmd{ jf To:tf]
sf/f]af/df ;+nUg sDkgLsf] ;~rfns /x]sf]
cj:yf;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ sDkgLsf] k|aGw ;~rfns, sDkgL ;lrj,
kbflwsf/Lsf] lgo'lQmsf] ;DaGwdf s'g} k|sf/sf]
:jfy{ ePdf,
-u_ cGo s'g} sDkgLsf] ;~rfns /x]df,
-3_ sDkgL jf To:tf] sDkgLsf] d'Vo jf ;xfos
sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] sf/f]af/ u/]sf]
ePdf To:tf] sf/f]af/sf] ljifodf .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfgsf/L u/fpFbf sDkgL /
;~rfns jf lghsf] glhssf] gft]bf/ aLrdf s'g} lnlvt
;Demf}tf ePsf]df To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|ltlnlk k]z ug'{ kg]{5
/ To:tf] ;Demf}tf gePdf sf/f]af/ jf :jfy{ jf ;+nUgtf;Fu
;DalGwt d'Vo / cfjZos s'/f v'nfOPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L sDkgLn] k|fKt
u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / sfof{non]
To:tf] hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]kl5 ;f] k|of]hgsf] nflu v8f u/]sf]
5'§} btf{lstfadf clen]v u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
-$_ s'g} ;~rfnssf] ;DalGwt sDkgL jf ;f]
sDkgLsf] ;xfos sDkgL;Fu ePsf] jf x'g] s'g} lsl;dsf]
7]Ssf, k§f, sf/f]af/ jf ;Demf}tfdf k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf
:jfy{ ufFl;Psf] eP jf :jfy{ ufFl;g] s'/f hfgsf/Ldf cfP
lghn] To:tf] :jfy{sf] xb / ;f]sf] lsl;d;d]t v'nfO{ ;f]
;DaGwdf oyfzL3| sDkgLnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
47
-%_ s'g} ;~rfnsn] s'g} lglZrt JolQm;Fusf]
sf/f]af/df cfˆgf] lghL :jfy{ /x]sf] s'/f dflgof];\ egL
sDkgLnfO{ lnlvt hfgsf/L lbPdf To:tf] JolQm;Fu x'g]
sf/f]af/ jf s/f/sf ;DaGwdf lghn] cfˆgf] lghL :jfy{sf]
af/]df hfgsf/L lbPsf] dflgg]5 .
(#= ;~rfnssf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] sDkgL;Fusf] sf/f]af/ M -!_ o;
bkmfdf cGoyf n]lvPsf]df afx]s s'g} klAns sDkgLn]
;fwf/0f ;efsf] :jLs[lt lagf cfˆgf] s'g} ;~rfns jf
lghsf] glhssf] gft]bf/ jf cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL jf cfˆgf]
d'Vo sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] :jLs[ltlagf ;xfos
sDkgLn] d'Vo sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf lghsf] glhssf]
gft]bf/ jf cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL;Fu cy{k"0f{ sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg]
5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æcy{k"0f{ sf/f]af/Æ
eGgfn] sf/f]af/ ubf{sf] cj:yfdf Ps nfv ?k}ofF jf
sDkgLsf] s'n ;DklQsf] kfFr k|ltztdWo] h'g sd x'G5
;f]eGbf a9L d"No kg]{ s'g} j:t' jf ;]jf vl/b, laqmL, n]gb]g
ug]{, 7]Ssf k§f;DaGwL sf/f]af/ ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
jflif{s Psnfv aL; xhf/ jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf] axfn;DaGwL
sf/f]af/;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L s'g} sf/f]af/
ePsf]df To:tf] sf/f]af/af6 k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf k|fKt
u/]sf] s'g} /sd jf nfe sDkgLnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf]
sf/f]af/af6 sDkgLnfO{ s'g} xflg gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg]
;f];d]t To:tf] sf/f]af/af6 nfe lng] JolQmn] Ifltk"lt{ ltg'{
kg]{5 .
-#_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
b]xfoadf]lhd k|fKt ul/Psf] lhG;L ;DklQsf ;DaGwdf
pkbkmf -!_ sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g M–
 -s_ d'Vo sDkgLn] cfˆgf] k"0f{ :jfldTjdf /x]sf]
;xfos sDkgLaf6 To:tf] ;DklQ k|fKt ubf{,
-v_ d'Vo sDkgLsf] k"0f{ :jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;xfos
sDkgLn] ;f]xL d'Vo sDkgLsf] k"0f{ :jfldTjdf
/x]sf] csf{] ;xfos sDkgLaf6 To:tf] ;DklQ
k|fKt ubf{,
-u_ sDkgLsf] lgoldt Jofj;flos sf/f]af/sf]
l;nl;nfdf k|rlnt ahf/ d"Nodf sf/f]af/
ubf{ .
($= ;~rfnsn] z]o/ af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ M -!_ s'g} JolQm
;~rfnssf] kbdf /xFbf lghn] ;f] sDkgL jf ;f] sDkgLsf]
;xfos jf d'Vo sDkgL jf d'Vo sDkgLsf] cGo ;xfos
sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/df lghn] s'g} Joxf]/fn] xs k|fKt
u/]df sDkgLnfO{ ;f] s'/fsf] b]xfoadf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{5 M–
-s_ lghsf] xssf] Joxf]/f,
-v_ ;DalGwt sDkgL jf cGo sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/df ;~rfnsdf axfn /xFbfsf avt
lghsf] xs jf :jfy{ /x]sf] k|To]s ju{sf] z]o/
;+Vof / k|To]s ju{sf] l8a]~r/sf] /sdsf]
ljj/0f .
-@_ b]xfosf] cj:yf pTkGg ePdf sDkgLsf] ;~rfnsn]
cfk"m ;~rfns /x]sf] sDkgLnfO{ To:tf] cj:yf ePsf]
cfk"mnfO{ hfgsf/L ePsf] kGw| lbgleq lnlvt ?kdf
hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 M–
(%= ;~rfns ;ldltsf] clwsf/ / st{Jo M -!_ o; P]g /
-s_ s'g} sf/0faf6 lghn] cfk"m ;~rfns /x]sf]
sDkgL jf ;f] sDkgLsf] ;xfos jf d'Vo
sDkgL jf d'Vo sDkgLsf] cGo ;xfos
48
sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/df xs k|fKt ug]{
ePdf jf lghsf] xs ;dfKt x'g] ePdf,
-v_ lghsf] gfddf /x]sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] z]o/
jf l8a]~r/ a]Rgsf nflu lghn] s'g} ;Demf}tf
u/]df,
-u_ cfk"m ;~rfns /x]sf] sDkgLn] To:tf] sDkgLsf]
z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ vl/b ug{ k|bfg u/]sf] clwsf/
cGo s;}nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]df,
-3_ cfk"m ;~rfns /x]sf] sDkgLsf] ;xfos jf
d'Vo sDkgL jf To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;xfos
sDkgL jf d'Vo sDkgLsf] cGo ;xfos
sDkgLn] To:tf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/
vl/b ug{ clwsf/ lbPdf,
-ª_ v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/ vl/b ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ lghn] c?
s;}nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/]df .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sDkgLnfO{ hfgsf/L k7fpFbf
z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] ;+Vof, ;f]sf] /sd tyf ju{;d]t :ki6
v'nfO{ k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd k|fKt hfgsf/L clen]v
ug{sf] nflu sDkgLn] Pp6f 5'§} btf{lstfa v8f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf] Joj:yf ;~rfnssf] glhssf]
gft]bf/sf] ;DaGwdf ;d]t ;~rfns;/x g} nfu" x'g]5 .
lgodfjnLdf n]lvPsf s'/fx¿ / ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{osf]
cwLgdf /xL sDkgLsf] ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]af/sf] Joj:yfkg,
clwsf/x¿sf] k|of]u / st{Josf] kfng ;~rfnsx?n]
;fd"lxs ?kdf ;~rfns ;ldltdfk{mt ug]{5g\ .
-@_ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{oadf]lhdafx]s s'g} klg
klAns sDkgLsf] ;~rfnsn] cfk"m axfn /x]sf] sDkgLdfk{mt
cfk"mnfO{ JolQmut nfe x'g] sfd ug{ x'Fb}g .
t/ k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL jf
;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePadf]lhd sDkgLdfk{mt
;~rfnsn] lng kfpg] nfesf ;DaGwdf dgfl;j Joj:yf
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ of] P]g, sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq / lgodfjnL jf k|fOe]6
sDkgLsf] xsdf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfadf]lhd cGoyf Joj:yf
ePsf]df afx]s ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfk"mdWo]sf s'g}
;~rfnsnfO{ jf sDkgLsf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ PSn} jf ;+o'Qm
?kdf sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 s'g} klg sfd sf/afxL ug{, n]vfk9L
ug{, ljlgdo clwsf/kq jf r]s cflbdf ;xL5fk ug{;d]t
;a} jf s]xL clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg u/L cfˆgf] k|ltlglw v8f
ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ubf{ ;~rfns
;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ sDtLdf Pshgf ;~rfns / sDkgL
;lrj eP lghn] ;f] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf k|ltlglwsf] x}l;otn] sfd
ug]{ JolQmn] cfˆgf] clwsf/ If]q gf3L u/]sf] s'g} sfd
sf/afxLaf6 sDkgLnfO{ k'Ug uPsf] xflg gf]S;fgL ;f]
;~rfns jf k|ltlglwaf6 sDkgLn] c;"npk/ u/L lng
;Sg]5 .
-%_ ;~rfns jf pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltlglwn]
cfˆgf] JolQmut lxtsf nflu jf sDkgLnfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL
u/fpgsf] lgldQ s'g} sf/f]af/ ug{ nfu]sf] xf] eGg] hfgL
hfgL jf ljZjf; ug'{ kg]{ sf/0f eP/ klg s;}n] To:tf]
;~rfns jf k|ltlglw;Fu s'g} sf/f]af/ u/]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f]
49
JolQmn] sDkgLpk/ To:tf] sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf s'g} bfaL
ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-^_ pkbkmf -#+_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
;~rfns ;ldltn] sDkgLnfO{ k|fKt b]xfosf clwsf/x¿
k|Tofof]hg ug{ kfpg] 5}g / o:tf clwsf/x¿ ;~rfns
;ldltsf] a}7saf6 kfl/t lg0f{o cg';f/ dfq k|of]u ug'{
kg]{5 M–
-s_ z]o/wgLx¿n] z]o/afkt a'emfpg afFsL /sdsf]
e'QmfgL dfu ug{] clwsf/,
-v_ l8a]~r/ hf/L ug]{ clwsf/,
-u_ l8a]~r/afx]s cGo tl/sfaf6 C0f, ;fk6L lng]
clwsf/,
-3_ sDkgLsf] sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd nufgL ug]{
clwsf/,
-ª_ C0f lbg] clwsf/ .
-&_ a}lÍË tyf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ sDkgLx?n] lgoldt
sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf lbg] C0f tyf k|fKt ug]{ lgIf]ksf]
xsdf pkbkmf -^_ sf] v08 -ª_ sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-*_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] s'g} vf; sfo{ u/fpg
pk;ldlt u7g ug{ cfjZos 7fg]df cfjZostf cg';f/ Ps
jf PseGbf a9L pk;ldlt u7g u/L To:tf] sfo{ u/fpg
;Sg]5 .
(^= k|aGw ;~rfnssf] lgo'lQm / sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg M
-!_ lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL ;~rfnsx¿n] cfk"mdWo]af6
PshgfnfO{ k|aGw ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
 -@_ k|aGw ;~rfnssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
lgodfjnLdf n]lvPadf]lhd jf ;~rfns ;ldltn]
tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|aGw ;~rfns jf
sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgsf] lhDd]jf/L lng] cGo ;~rfnsnfO{
sDkgLdf lgo'Qm ubf{ lgo'lQmsf] zt{, kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf
lgwf{/0f u/L lnlvt ;Demf}tf ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] ;Demf}tfdf
plNnlvt kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf / ;fwf/0f ;efn] lgwf{/0f
u/] cg';f/ kfpg] cGo ;'ljwfafx]s cGo s'g} ;'ljwf lbg jf
e'QmfgL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;Demf}tfsf] cjlw
Psk6sdf rf/ jif{eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-%_ ;~rfnsx¿;Fu ePsf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf]
;Demf}tf z]o/wgLx¿n] lgMz'Ns x]g{ kfpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg'
kg]{5 .
-^_ s'g} Ps ;"rLs[t sDkgLaf6 a}7s eQfafx]s
lgoldt kfl/>lds jf ;'ljwf k|fKt ul//x]sf] ;~rfnsnfO{
lgoldt kfl/>lds jf ;'ljwf kfpg] u/L csf]{ ;"rLs[t
sDkgLdf k|aGw ;~rfnssf] kbdf lgo'Qm ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
(&= ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s M -!_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] ;~rfns
;ldltsf] a}7s lgodfjnLdf n]lvPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ klAns sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s jif{df
sDtLdf 5k6s a:g' kg]{5 .
t/ b'O{ a}7ssf] aLrsf] cGt/ tLg dlxgfeGbf a9L
x'g] 5}g .
50
-#_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ;~rfnsx¿
:jo+ pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 . ;~rfnssf] ;§f ;~rfnssf]
k|ltlglwsf] pkl:ylt dfGo x'g] 5}g .
-$_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfnsx?sf] hDdf ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf
PsfpGg k|ltzt ;~rfnsx¿ pkl:yt geO{ ;~rfns
;ldltsf] s'g} a}7s x'g] 5}g .
t/ o; P]gadf]lhd ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf
5nkmn x'g] s'g} ljifodf 5nkmn ug{ gkfpg] ;~rfnsnfO{
o; pkbkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu u0fgf ul/g] 5}g .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ df plNnlvt ;+Vofdf ;~rfnsx?
pkl:yt gePsf] sf/0faf6 ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s ;DkGg
x'g g;s]df sDtLdf tLg lbgsf] ;"rgf lbO{ csf]{ a}7s
af]nfpg ;lsg]5 . To:tf] a}7sdf klg pkbkmf -$_ df
plNnlvt ;+Vofdf ;~rfnsx? pkl:yt gePdf pkl:yt
;~rfnsx?n] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxL tyf lg0f{o dfGo x'g]5 .
-^_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ax'dtsf] lg0f{o dfGo
x'g]5 / dt a/fa/ ePdf cWoIfn] ;~rfnssf] x}l;otn]
lbPsf] dtsf] cltl/Qm lg0ff{os dt;d]t lbg ;Sg]5 .
t/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf cfˆgf] lghL ;/f]sf/
jf :jfy{ ePsf] ljifodf x'g] 5nkmndf s'g} ;~rfnsn] efu
lng jf dtbfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-&_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ;~rfnsx¿,
5nkmn ePsf] ljifo / tT;DaGwdf ePsf] lg0f{osf] ljj/0f
-dfO{Go"6_ sf] 5'§} clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 / ;f] lg0f{o ljj/0fdf
a}7sdf pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{ ;~rfnsx¿sf] sDtLdf PsfpGg
k|ltztn] ;xL ug'{ kg]{5 .
 t/ s'g} ljifodf 5nkmn ubf{ s'g} ;b:on] lg0f{osf]
ljk/Lt jf To:tf] lg0f{oeGbf leGg ljrf/ /fv]df ;f]xL s'/f
a}7ssf] lg0f{osf] ljj/0f -dfOGo"6_ df clen]v ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ s'g} ;b:osf] ;xL gePsf] sf/0fn] dfq ;f] lg0f{o
cj}w ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-(_ pkbkmf -#_, -$_, -%_ / -^_ df h'g;'s} s'/f
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLn] :ki6 /f]s
nufPsf]df afx]s ;~rfns ;ldlt jf ;~rfnsx¿sf] s'g}
pk;ldltn] ug{ kfpg] s'g} sfd jf lg0f{osf] ;DaGwdf
;~rfns ;ldlt jf pk;ldltsf ;a} ;b:ox¿ lnlvt ?kdf
;xdt ePdf To:tf] ;xdltnfO{ lg0f{osf] ljj/0fsf] ?kdf
clen]v u/L To:tf] sfd a}7s lagf klg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-!)_ pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhdsf] ;xdlt ;~rfns
;ldltsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o;/x dflgg]5 .
(*= ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] ;"rgf M -!_ sDkgLsf]
lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s sDkgLsf]
;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s sDkgL ;lrj jf ;ldltsf] cWoIf
jf sDkgLsf sfo{sf/L k|d'vn] af]nfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
;~rfnssf] s'n ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf kRrL; k|ltzt
;~rfnsn] a}7sdf 5nkmn ug'{ kg]{ ljifo vf]nL lnlvt
?kdf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s jf]nfpg dfu u/]df To:tf]
dfu k|fKt ePsf] ;ft lbgleq cWoIfn] ;ldltsf] a}7s
af]nfpg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlwleq ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s
gaf]nfPdf To:tf] dfu ug]{ ;DalGwt ;~rfns cfkm}n]
;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] ;"rgfsf] af/]df
sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf s'g} Joj:yf ul/Psf] eP ;f]xL
cg';f/ x'g]5 . To:tf] Joj:yf gul/Psf]df ;~rfns
51
;ldltsf] a}7ssf] ;"rgf tyf 5nkmnsf] ljifo k|To]s
;~rfnsnfO{ lghn] sDkgLnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] 7]ufgfdf
lnlvt ?kdf k7fpg' kg]{5 / To:tf] ;"rgf ljB'tLo ;~rf/
dfWodaf6 klg lbg ;lsg]5 .
((= ;~rfnsx¿sf] hjfkmb]xL tyf bfloTj M -!_ sDkgLsf]
;~rfnsn] sDkgLdfk{mt jf sDkgLsf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf
JolQmut kmfObf lng] sfd ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L sDkgLsf]
sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;~rfnsn] JolQmut kmfObf
lnPsf] ePdf ;f] /sd sDkgLn] To:tf] ;~rfnsaf6
C0f;/x e/fO{ lng]5 .
-#_ s'g} JolQm klAns sDkgLsf] ;~rfns lgo'Qm
ePkl5 lghn] cfˆgf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'eGbf klxn] g}
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf uf]Kotf / OdfGbfl/tfsf] zky lng'
kg]{5 .
-$_ sDkgLsf k|To]s ;~rfns tyf kbflwsf/Ln]
cfˆgf] kbLo bfloTj lgjf{x ubf{ sDkgLsf] :jfy{ / lxtnfO{
Wofgdf /fvL OdfGbf/Lk"j{s c;n lgotn] sfd ug'{ kg]{5 /
;fdfGo ljj]s / 1fg ePsf] JolQm;/x lxkmfhtL, ;fjwfgL,
a'l4dQf, s'zntf tyf bIftfsf] k|of]u ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ sf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L ablgot lrtfO{
sDkgLnfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL k'Ug] lsl;daf6 sfd sf/afxL ug]{
;~rfnsaf6 sDkgLnfO{ x'g uPsf] xflg gf]S;fgLsf] Ifltk"lt{
sDkgLn] c;"npk/ u/L lng ;Sg]5 .
-^_ o; P]g, sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL /
;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfsf] Joj:yf kfngf ug'{ k|To]s ;~rfnssf]
st{Jo x'g]5 .
!))= lwtf]kqsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ M -!_ s'g} sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf
l8a]~r/ lwtf]kq ahf/sf] ;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yfdf ;"rLs[t
ePsf] eP To:tf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] ;DaGwdf
;~rfnsn] bkmf ($ adf]lhd sDkgLnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPkl5
sDkgLn] cljnDa ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L To:tf] ;+:yfnfO{ lbg'
kg{]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|fKt u/]sf] hfgsf/LnfO{
To:tf] ;+:yfn] cfk"mn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] tl/sfaf6 k|sfzg ug'{
kg]{5 .
!)!= kbflwsf/L jf z]o/wgLnfO{ C0f k|bfg ug{ k|ltjGw M -!_
sDkgLn] cfˆgf kbflwsf/L, cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL jf d'Vo
sDkgLsf] kbflwsf/L, z]o/wgL jf lghx? s;}sf] glhssf]
gft]bf/nfO{ s'g} C0f jf cfly{s ;xfotf k|bfg ug'{ x'Fb}g /
To:tf kbflwsf/L jf z]o/wgL jf glhssf] gft]bf/n] cGoq
lnPsf] C0fsf] nflu s'g} hdfgt lbg jf ;'/If0f k|bfg ug{
x'Fb}g .
t/ sDkgLsf sd{rf/LnfO{ sDkgLsf] lgodfg';f/ lbOg]
C0f jf ;'ljwf jf k|rlnt sfg"gn] /f]s nufPsf]df afx]s
s'g} a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 lgoldt sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf
k|bfg ul/g] C0f jf lbOg] hdfgtsf] ;DaGwdf of] Joj:yf
nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ of] P]g k|f/De x'g'cl3 pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt
s'g} JolQmn] sDkgLaf6 k|fKt u/]sf] s'g} C0f ;Dat\ @)^%
;fn cflZjg @@ ut]leq r'Qmf ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
!)@= kbflwsf/Ln] e"m§f ljj/0f lbg gx'g] M sDkgLsf kbflwsf/Ln]
sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf sDkgLsf] jf:tljs ljQLo
l:yltsf] ;DaGwdf hfgLhfgL e"m§f ljj/0f lbO{ sDkgLsf
z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ d'gfkmfaf6 afF8\g ;lsg]eGbf a9L nfef+z
aFf8\g k|]l/t u/L sDkgLsf] k"FhLdf c;/ kfg{] sfo{ u/]df
52
To:tf] sfo{sf] nflu To;/L e"m¶f ljj/0f lbg] kbflwsf/L
JolQmut ?kdf pQ/bfoL x'g]5 .
!)#= cGo JolQm;Fusf] sf/f]af/ / sDkgLsf] clwsf/ If]q M -!_
sDkgLsf] k|aGwkqdf pNn]v ePsf] s'g} s'/fsf] cfwf/df
sDkgLn] cGo JolQm;Fu u/]sf] s'g} sf/f]af/
clwsf/If]qljxLg ePsf] eGg] sf/0faf6 dfq To:tf] sf/f]af/
ca}w jf cdfGo x'g] 5}g .
-@_ sDkgLsf] k|aGwkqdf lgwf{l/t clwsf/If]qsf]
;Ldfleq /xL To:tf] sf/f]af/ ug'{ k|To]s ;~rfns tyf
kbflwsf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt cj:yfafx]s s'g}
;~rfnsn] cfk"mnfO{ k|fKt clVtof/LeGbf aflx/ uO{ u/]sf]
sfd sf/f]af/ sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efåf/f ljz]if k|:tfj
kfl/t u/L cg'df]bg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ljz]if k|:tfjåf/f s'g} sfd
sf/afxL cg'df]bg ePsf] sf/0faf6 dfq sDkgLsf] ;~rfns,
kbflwsf/L jf cGo JolQmn] clwsf/ If]q g3fO{ ul/Psf sfd
sf/afxLafkt o; P]g cGtu{tsf] bfloTjaf6 lghn] 5"6
kfPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
!)$= sDkgLnfO{ aGwgsf/L x'g] M -!_ sDkgLsf] clwsf/k|fKt
sDtLdf Pshgf ;~rfns jf sDkgLsf] nflu sfd ug{
clVtof/Lk|fKt JolQmåf/f eP u/]sf] sfd sf/afxL / ;xL
ePsf] sfuhft sDkgLsf] nflu dfGo tyf aGwgsf/L x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} JolQmn] c;n lgotn] sDkgL;Fu s'g} sf/f]af/
u/]sf]df To:tf] sf/f]af/ sDkgLnfO{ aGwgsf/L x'g]5 /
sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL jf sDkgLåf/f kfl/t s'g} klg
k|:tfj, sDkgL / o;sf] s'g} klg z]o/wgLaLrdf ePsf]
;Demf}tfdf n]lvPsf] s'g} s'/fn] To:tf] sf/f]af/ ug{ ;~rfns
 jf clVtof/ k|fKt JolQmsf] clVtof/df s'g} ;Ldf jf aGb]h
nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
t/ s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] cfk"mnfO{ k|fKt clVtof/LeGbf a9L
clVtof/L k|of]u u/L pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ df n]lvPsf] s'g}
sfd jf sf/f]af/ u/]df To:tf] clVtof/L ;fwf/0f ;efaf6
o; P]gadf]lhd cg'df]bg gePdf lgh JolQmut ?kdf
lhDd]jf/ /xg]5 / To:tf] sfd sf/f]af/af6 sDkgLnfO{ xflg
gf]S;fgL ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;f];d]t sDkgLn] lghaf6 e/fO
lng ;Sg]5 .
!)%= ;~rfnsx?sf] clVtof/Ldf k|ltaGw M -!_ s'g} klAns sDkgL
jf a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 C0f k|fKt ug]{ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf]
;~rfns ;ldltn] z]o/wgLx?sf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ljz]if
k|:tfj kfl/t gu/fO{ b]xfosf] s'g} sfd ug{ u/fpg kfpg]
5}g M–
-s_ cfk"mn] ;~rfng u/L cfPsf] Ps jf PseGbf
a9L Joj;fo -cG8/6]lsË_ sf] ;Q/L
k|ltzteGbf a9L Joj;fo laqmL, bfg, as;,
jxfn jf cGo s'g} tl/sfaf6 s;}nfO{ xs
5fl8lbg,
-v_ lgoldt Jofj;flos sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf
sDkgLn] a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 5 dlxgfeGbf
sd cjlwsf] nflu lnPsf] C0f ;'ljwfafx]s
cfˆgf] r'Qmf k"FhL / ;l~rt d'gfkmf -lk|m l/he{_
sf] hDdf /sdeGbf a9L x'g] u/L C0f lng,
-u_ sDkgLsf] sd{rf/L jf cfˆgf] Joj;fosf]
k|j4{gsf] nflu lbPsf] cg'bfg, rGbf, pkxf/
cflbdf ul/Psf] vr{afx]s Ps cfly{s jif{df
krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF jf sDkgLsf] ljut tLg
cfly{s jif{sf] ;/b/ v'b d'gfkmfsf] Ps
53
k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sddWo] h'g sd x'G5, ;f]
/sdeGbf a9L /sdsf] rGbf, cg'bfg jf bfg
lbg .
t/,
-!_ rn crn ;DklQ vl/b laqmLsf] dfq
Joj;fo ;~rfng ug]{] sDkgLaf6 k|rlnt
ahf/ d"No lt/L sDkgLsf] s'g} ;DklQ jf
Joj;fo vl/b ug]{ JolQmn] To:tf] ;DklQ
jf Joj;fo -cG8/6]lsË_ df k|fKt u/]sf]
xs :jfldTjdf v08 -s_ sf] s'g} s'/fn]
c;/ kfg]{ 5}g .
-@_ a}lÍË jf ljQLo sf/f]af/ jf aLdf
Joj;fo ug]{ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] lgoldt
sf/f]af/sf] l;nl;nfdf ;j{;fwf/0faf6
lgIf]k jf aLdf z'Ns k|fKt ubf{ v08 -v_
sf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu :jLs[lt k|bfg ubf{
;fwf/0f ;efn] pko'Qm zt{ tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
!)^= eO{;s]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf] dfGotf M s'g} ;~rfnssf]
lgo'lQmsf ;DaGwdf o; P]g cGtu{t s'g} Joj:yfsf] kfngf
gePsf] s'/f kl5 kQf nfu]df ;f] kQf nfUg'eGbf cl3 To:tf]
;~rfnsn] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxL ;f] s'/fn] ab/ x'g] 5}g .
!)&= ;~rfns tyf sDkgL ;lrjsf] btf{lstfa M -!_ k|To]s
sDkgLn] ;~rfns tyf sDkgL ;lrj eP lghsf] Pp6f 5'§}
btf{lstfa /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvPsf] btf{lstfadf k|To]s
sDkgLn] cfˆgf] ;~rfns jf ;lrjsf] gfd, y/, 7]ufgf,
gful/stf, k]zf, Joj;fo, ;~rfns jf ;lrj lgo'Qm ePsf]
/ kbaf6 x6]sf] eP ;f]sf] ldlt;d]t clen]v u/L /fVg' kg]{5
 / ;f] ljj/0fdf s'g} s'/f x]/km]/ ePdf ;f]sf] ;"rgf;d]t kGw|
lbgleq sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b–&
sDkgLsf] lx;falstfa / n]vf
!)*= sDkgLsf] n]vf M -!_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] n]vf g]kfnL jf c+u|]hL
efiffdf /Ltk"j{s /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /flvg] n]vf bf]xf]/f]
n]vfk|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t / sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/sf] oyfy{ l:ylt
:ki6 ?kdf k|ltljlDjt x'g] u/L k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
clwsf/k|fKt lgsfon] nfu" u/]sf] n]vfdfg -PsfpG6LË
:6\of088{_ / o; P]gadf]lhd kfngf ug'{ kg]{ cGo zt{ tyf
Joj:yf cg'?k /fVg' kg]{5 .
-#_ sfof{non] :jLs[lt lbPsf]df afx]s sDkgLsf] n]vf
sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{noafx]s cGoq /fVg ;lsg] 5}g .
-$_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]lslbPsf]
/sdafx]s sDkgL;Fu /x]sf] gub df}Hbft a}Ídf bflvn u/L
a}Ídfk{mt g} sf/f]af/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ o; kl/R5]bdf ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL
sDkgLsf] lx;falstfa tyf n]vf /fVg] clGtd lhDd]jf/L
;~rfnsx? jf cGo kbflwsf/Lx?df /xg]5 .
-^_ sDkgLsf] n]vf tyf jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/
ug]{ ;DaGwdf o; P]gdf ul/Psf] Joj:yf kfngf gePdf
To:tf] n]vf, jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tyf cGo k|ltj]bgx? h'g
JolQm ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Lsf] x}l;otdf sfo{/t /x]sf]
avt ePsf] xf] ;f]xL JolQm o; P]gadf]lhd lhDd]jf/
/xg]5 .
54
!)(= jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f / ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg tof/
ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ klAns sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] k|To]s jif{
jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g'eGbf sDtLdf tL; lbg cufj} /
k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] 5
dlxgfleq tf]lsPsf] 9Ffrfdf b]xfoadf]lhdsf] jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ cfly{s jif{sf] clGtd ldltsf] jf;nft,
-v_ cfly{s jif{sf] gfkmf gf]S;fgLsf] lx;fa,
-u_ cfly{s jif{sf] gub k|jfxsf] ljj/0f .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ug]{ jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0fdf ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{sf] cGTo;Dd sDkgLsf]
sf/f]af/sf] oyfy{ / jf:tljs l:ylt b]vfO{ ;f] cfly{s jif{df
ePsf] gfkmf–gf]S;fgLsf] lx;fa tyf gub k|jfxsf]
ljj/0f;d]t bzf{OPsf] x'g' kg]{5 . To:tf] cfly{s ljj/0f
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f
;~rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] / n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
-$_ k|To]s klAns sDkgL jf Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF jf
;f]eGbf a9L r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] jf jflif{s bz s/f]8 jf
;f]eGbf a9Lsf] sf/f]af/ ePsf] k|To]s k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf]
;~rfns ;ldltn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/g] jflif{s
cfly{s ljj/0fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf] ljj/0f pNn]v u/L
;~rfns ;ldltsf] 5'§} k|ltj]bg;d]t ;f]xL cjlwdf tof/ ug'{
kg]{5 M–
-s_ ljut jif{sf] sf/f]af/sf] l;+xfjnf]sg,
-v_ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:yltaf6 sDkgLsf]
sf/f]af/nfO{ s'g} c;/ k/]sf] eP ;f] c;/,
-u_ k|ltj]bg tof/ ePsf] ldlt;Dd rfn" jif{sf]
pknlAw / eljiodf ug'{ kg]{ s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf
;~rfns ;ldltsf] wf/0ff,
-3_ sDkgLsf] cf}Bf]lus jf Jofj;flos ;DaGw,
-ª_ ;~rfns ;ldltdf ePsf] x]/km]/ / ;f]sf] sf/0f,
-r_ sf/f]af/nfO{ c;/ kfg]{ d'Vo s'/fx¿,
-5_ n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf s'g} s}lkmot pNn]v
ePsf] eP ;f]pk/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|lts[of,
-h_ nfef+z afF8kmfF8 ug{ l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] /sd,
-em_ z]o/ hkmt ePsf] eP hkmt ePsf] z]o/
;+Vof, To:tf] z]o/sf] clÍt d"No, To:tf] z]o/
hkmt x'g'eGbf cufj} ;f]afkt sDkgLn] k|fKt
u/]sf] hDdf /sd / To:tf] z]o/ hkmt ePkl5
;f] z]o/ laqmL u/L sDkgLn] k|fKt u/]sf] /sd
tyf hkmt ePsf] z]o/afkt /sd lkmtf{ u/]sf]
eP ;f]sf] ljj/0f,
-`_ ljut cfly{s jif{df sDkgL / o;sf] ;xfos
sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/sf] k|ult / ;f] cfly{s jif{sf]
cGtdf /x]sf] l:yltsf] k'g/fjnf]sg,
-6_ sDkgL tyf To;sf] ;xfos sDkgLn] cfly{s
jif{df ;DkGg u/]sf] k|d'v sf/f]af/x? / ;f]
cjlwdf sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/df cfPsf] s'g}
dxTjk"0f{ kl/jt{g,
55
-7_ ljut cfly{s jif{df sDkgLsf] cfwf/e"t
z]o/wgLx?n] sDkgLnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf]
hfgsf/L,
-8_ ljut cfly{s jif{df sDkgLsf ;~rfns tyf
kbflwsf/Lx?n] lnPsf] z]o/sf] :jfldTjsf]
ljj/0f / sDkgLsf] z]o/ sf/f]af/df lghx?
;+nUg /x]sf] eP ;f] ;DaGwdf lghx?af6
sDkgLn] k|fKt u/]sf] hfgsf/L,
-9_ ljut cfly{s jif{df sDkgL;Fu ;DalGwt
;Demf}tfx?df s'g} ;~rfns tyf lghsf]
glhssf] gft]bf/sf] JolQmut :jfy{sf] af/]df
pknAw u/fOPsf] hfgsf/Lsf] Joxf]/f,
-0f_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ cfkm}n] vl/b u/]sf] eP
To;/L cfˆgf] z]o/ vl/b ug'{sf] sf/0f, To:tf]
z]o/sf] ;+Vof / clÍt d"No tyf To;/L z]o/
vl/b u/]afkt sDkgLn] e'QmfgL u/]sf] /sd,
-t_ cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL eP jf gePsf] /
ePsf] eP ;f]sf] lj:t[t ljj/0f,
-y_ ljut cfly{s jif{sf] s'n Joj:yfkg vr{sf]
ljj/0f,
-b_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] gfdfjnL,
lghx?n] k|fKt u/]sf] kfl/>lds, eQf tyf
;'ljwf, ;f] ;ldltn] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf]
ljj/0f / ;f] ;ldltn] s'g} ;'emfj lbPsf] eP
;f]sf] ljj/0f,
-w_ ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v,
sDkgLsf cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL jf lghsf]
glhssf gft]bf/ jf lgh ;+nUg /x]sf] kmd{,
 sDkgL jf ;+u7Lt ;+:yfn] sDkgLnfO{ s'g} /sd
a'emfpg afFsL eP ;f] s'/f,
-g_ ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns, sfo{sf/L k|d'v tyf
kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ e'QmfgL ul/Psf] kfl/>lds,
eQf tyf ;'ljwfsf] /sd,
-k_ z]o/wgLx?n] a'lemlng afFsL /x]sf] nfef+zsf]
/sd,
-km_ bkmf !$! adf]lhd ;DklQ vl/b jf laqmL
u/]sf] s'/fsf] ljj/0f,
-a_ bkmf !&% adf]lhd ;Da4 sDkgLaLr ePsf]
sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f,
-e_ o; P]g tyf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;~rfns
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ cGo s'g}
s'/f,
-d_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/
ubf{ sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ePsf] jif{sf] xsdf ;+:yfkgf ePsf]
ldltb]lv ;f]xL cfly{s jif{sf] cGt;Ddsf] / To;kl5sf
jif{x?df cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] lx;fa;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf]
x'g' kg]{5 .
-^_ o; bkmfadf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f s'g} z]o/wgLn] lg/LIf0f ug{ rfx]df lg/LIf0f ug{
kfpg] u/L v'nf /fVg' kg]{5 .
-&_ o; bkmf cg';f/ tof/ kfl/Psf] jflif{s cfly{s
laj/0f tyf ;~rfnssf] k|ltj]bg ;~rfns ;ldltaf6
56
:jLs[t eO{ ;f]df ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf / sDtLdf
Pshgf ;~rfnsn] x:tfIf/ ug{' kg]{5 .
-*_ sDkgLn] o; kl/R5]badf]lhd tof/ kf/]sf] n]vf
tyf jflif{s cfly{s laj/0f ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt
ePsf] ldltn] sDtLdf kfFr jif{;Dd ;'/lIft /fVg' kg]{5 .
-(_ e"m§f Joxf]/fsf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f, ;~rfns
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg tyf o; P]g cg';f/ tof/ ug'{ kg]{ cGo
ljj/0f tyf k|ltj]bgx? tof/ kfg]{ kbflwsf/L tyf :jLs[t
ug]{ ;~rfnsx?nfO{ of] P]g cg';f/ ;hfo x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b–*
n]vfk/LIf0f
!!)= sDkgLn] n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ k|To]s sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg o; P]gadf]lhd n]vfk/LIfs
lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} sDkgLsf] g]kfn /fHoaflx/ zfvf sfof{no
ePdf To:tf] zfvf sfof{no /x]sf] d'n'ssf] k|rlnt sfg"gdf
cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm
n]vfk/LIfsn] ;f] zfvfsf] klg n]vfk/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!!!= n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm M -!_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfs k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd n]vf k/LIf0f ug{ Ohfhtkq k|fKt
n]vfk/LIfsx¿dWo]af6 klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf kl/R5]b!*
sf] cwLgdf /xL ;fwf/0f ;efn] / k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf
k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf Joj:yf
ePadf]lhd / ;f] gePdf ;fwf/0f ;efn] lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{5 /
To;/L lgo'Qm ePsf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq lghsf] gfd
sfof{nodf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
t/ k|yd jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g'eGbf cl3 ;~rfns
;ldltn] n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf] n]vfk/LIfs
To;kl5 a:g] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef;Dd dfq axfn /xg]5 .
-#_ klAns sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug{ Pp6}
n]vfk/LIfs, lghsf] ;fem]bf/ jf k"j{ ;fem]bf/ jf sd{rf/L jf
e"tk"j{ sd{rf/LnfO{ nuftf/ tLgk6seGbf a9L n]vfk/LIfs
lgo'Qm ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
t/ tLg jif{ klxn] g} ;fem]bf/Laf6 cnu x'g] ;fem]bf/
jf To:tf] n]vfk/LIfssf] ;]jfaf6 cnu ePsf] sd{rf/Lsf]
xsdf of] k|ltaGw nfu" x'g] 5}g .
!!@= n]vfk/LIfsdf lgo'Qm x'g g;Sg] M -!_ b]xfosf JolQm jf
To:tf JolQm lx:;]bf/ ePsf] kmd{ jf sDkgL n]vfk/LIfsdf
lgo'Qm x'g / lgo'Qm eO;s]sf] eP klg axfn /xg ;Sg]
5}g M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, lgoldt kfl/>lds jf
gub ;'ljwf kfpg] u/L lgo'Qm ;Nnfxsf/,
sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg ;d"xdf /x]sf] JolQm jf
sd{rf/L jf sfdbf/ jf lghx? s;}sf] ;fem]bf/
jf To:tf] ;fem]bf/dWo] s'g}sf] sd{rf/L jf
lghx?dWo] ;~rfns jf ;fem]bf/sf] glhssf]
gft]bf/ jf lghsf] sd{rf/L,
-v_ sDkgLaf6 s'g} lsl;dn] C0f lnPsf] cf;fdL
jf sDkgLnfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ s'g} /sd
Dofbleq e'Qmfg gu/L afFsL /x]sf] JolQm jf
To:tf] JolQmsf] glhssf] gft]bf/,
-u_ n]vfk/LIf0f;DaGwL s;"/df ;hfo kfPsf] tLg
jif{sf] cjlw e'Qmfg gePsf] JolQm,
-3_ ;fx"sf] bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] JolQm,
57
-ª_ sDkgLsf] cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL jf sDkgLsf]
r'Qmf k"FhLsf] Ps k|ltzt jf ;f]eGbf a9L z]o/
lnPsf] z]o/wgL jf lghsf] glhssf] gft]bf/,
-r_ e|i6frf/, 7uL jf g}lts ktg x'g] kmf}hbf/L
s;"/df ;hfo kfPsf] kfFr jif{sf] cjlw e'Qmfg
gePsf] JolQm,
-5_ bkmf !!! sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] JolQm,
-h_ klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf s'g} klg ;/sf/L jf
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs :jfldTj jf
lgoGq0f /x]sf] ;+:yf jf cGo s'g} sDkgLdf k"0f{
jf cf+lzs ;do sfd ug]{ JolQm jf lghsf]
;fem]bf/ jf To:tf] ;fem]bf/sf] sd{rf/Lsf] ?kdf
sfo{/t JolQm jf sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgsf]
tkm{af6 tof/ x'g] s'g} lnvt jf k|ltj]bgdf
x:tfIf/ ug{ clwsf/ kfPsf] JolQm,
-em_ ;Lldt bfloTj ePsf] sDkgL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf .
-`_ sDkgL;Fusf] sf/f]af/df s'g} :jfy{ ePsf] JolQm
jf lghsf] glhssf] gft]bf/ jf sDkgL;Fusf]
sf/f]af/df s'g} :jfy{ ePsf] csf]{ sDkgLsf]
;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL .
-@_ n]vfk/LIfsn] cfk"m lgo'Qm x'g'cl3 pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhd cof]Uo gePsf] s'/f sDkgLnfO{ lnlvt ?kdf
hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ s'g} n]vfk/LIfs cfˆgf] sfo{sfn ;dfKt gxF'b} s'g}
sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug{ cof]Uo ePdf jf sDkgLsf]
n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm x'g jf sfod /xg g;Sg] l:ylt pTkGg
ePdf lghn] n]vfk/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{ jf ul//x]sf] sfd tTsfn
 /f]sL ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf sDkgLnfO{ lbg'
kg]{5 .
-$_ o; bkmfsf] k|lts"n x'g] u/L lgo'Qm ePsf]
n]vfk/LIfsn] u/]sf] n]vfk/LIf0f dfGo x'g] 5}g .
!!#= sfof{non] n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg] M sDkgLsf] jflif{s
;fwf/0f ;efdf sf/0fjz n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm x'g g;s]df jf
jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef g} x'g g;s]df jf o; P]gadf]lhd
lgo'Qm ePsf] n]vfk/LIfs s'g} sf/0fjz sfod /xg g;s]df
sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cg'/f]wdf sfof{non] csf]{
n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!!$= lx;falstfa / n]vf lbg' kg]{ M n]vfk/LIf0f ug{sf] nflu
n]vfk/LIfsn] sDkgLsf] lx;falstfa / n]vf sfof{no
;doleq h'g;'s} avt dfu]df klg lbg' kg]{5 / s'g} s}lkmot
dfu u/]sf] eP ;f]sf] oyfy{ hjfkm;d]t ;DalGwt ;~rfns
jf sd{rf/Ln] dgfl;j ;doleq lbg' kg]{5 .
!!%= n]vfk/LIfssf] sfd / st{Jo M -!_ n]vfk/LIfsn] cfk"mn]
n]vfk/LIf0f u/]sf] lx;fa, lstfa / n]vfsf] cfwf/df
sDkgLsf] jf;nft, gfkmf gf]S;fgLsf] lx;fa tyf gub k|jfx
ljj/0f k|dfl0ft u/L z]o/wgLx? jf lgo'Qm ug]{ clwsf/LnfO{
;Daf]wg u/L cfˆgf] k|ltj]bg sDkgLnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ jf
clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] n]vfk/LIf0fdfg -cl86
:6\of088{_ cg'?k x'g' kg]{5 / To:tf] k|ltj]bgdf cfjZostf
cg';f/ o; P]gadf]lhd v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{
kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf
cGo s'/fx?sf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf s'/f klg v'nfpg' kg]{5 M–
58
-s_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos ;"rgf /
:ki6Ls/0f pknAw eP jf gePsf],
-v_ o; P]g cg'?k sDkgLn] cfˆgf] sf/f]af/sf]
oyfy{ l:ylt :ki6 x'g] u/L n]vf /fv] jf
g/fv]sf],
-u_ k|fKt ePsf] jf;nft, gfkmf gf]S;fgLsf] lx;fa
/ gub k|jfx ljj/0f k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd
lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] n]vfdfg cg'?k tof/ eP jf
gePsf] / To:Tff ljj/0fx¿ sDkgLn] /fv]sf]
n]vf;Fu b'?:t /x] jf g/x]sf],
-3_ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf pknAw u/fOPsf
:ki6Ls/0f tyf ;"rgfx¿sf] cfwf/df
n]vfk/LIfssf] /fo;fy k|:t't jf;nftn]
sDkgLsf] cfly{s cj:yfsf] tyf ;f]xL ldltdf
;dfKt ePsf] jif{sf] gfkmf gf]S;fgLsf] lx;fa /
gub k|jfx ljj/0fn] qmdzM sDkgLsf] gfkmf
gf]S;fg / gub k|jfxsf] ;d'lrt lrq0f u/] jf
gu/]sf],
-ª_ ;~rfns ;ldlt jf k|ltlglw jf s'g} sd{rf/Ln]
sfg"glj?4 sfd sfh u/]sf] jf sDkgLsf]
;DklQ lxgfldgf u/]sf] jf sDkgLsf] xflg
gf]S;fgL u/] jf u/fPsf] eP ;f] s'/f,
-r_ sDkgLdf n]vf;DaGwL s'g} hfn;fhL u/] jf
gu/]sf],
-5_ s'g} ;'emfj eP To:tf ;'emfjx¿ .
!!^= n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf n]vfk/LIfssf] ;xL x'g' kg]{ M -!_ o;
P]gadf]lhd s'g} sDkgLaf6 lgo'Qm n]vfk/LIfsn] tof/ u/]sf]
 n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf ;f] JolQm :j+on] g} x:tfIf/ u/L ldlt
v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} sDkgLn] k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ n]vfk/LIf0fsf]
sfo{ ug]{ k|df0fkq k|fKt n]vf Joj;foL ;+:yfnfO{
n]vfk/LIfssf] ?kdf lgo'Qm u/]sf] eP To:tf] ;+:yfsf]
;fem]bf/x?sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ clwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] ;b:on]
n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf x:tfIf/ u/L ldlt v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
!!&= ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ M n]vfk/LIfsn] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk
o; P]gdf ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLn]
z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 . To:tf] sDkgLdf
cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgogsf] Joj:yf ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] 6]«8
o'lgogsf] lnlvt cg'/f]wdf sDkgLn] ;f] 6]«8 o'lgognfO{
k|ltj]bgsf] Psk|lt pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!!*= n]vfk/LIfssf] kfl/>lds M n]vfk/LIfssf] kfl/>lds
lgo'lQmstf{n] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 / ;f] kfl/>lds sDkgLn]
Joxf]g]{5 .
!!(= lgo'Qm n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ x6fpg] Joj:yf M -!_ o;
kl/R5]bcg';f/ lgo'Qm n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ h'g cfly{s jif{sf]
nflu n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ul/Psf] xf] ;f] cfly{s jif{sf]
n]vfk/LIf0fsf] sfd ;dfKt geP;Dd x6fpg ;lsg] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
s'g} n]vfk/LIfsn] n]vfk/LIfssf] cfr/0fljk/Lt sfd u/]df,
cfk"mnfO{ n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ug]{ sDkgLsf] lxtljk/Lt x'g]
sfo{ u/]df jf k|rlnt sfg"gljk/Lt sfd u/]df g]kfn rf6{8{
Psfp06]06\; ;+:yfnfO{ k"j{ hfgsf/L lbO{ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf]
Joj;fo lgoldt ug]{ ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/
clwsf/ k|fKt lgodgsf/L lgsfo eP To:tf] lgsfosf]
:jLs[lt lnO{ / geP sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ h'g k|lqmofaf6
59
n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ePsf] xf] ;f]xL k|lqmofaf6 lghnfO{
x6fpg ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ cg';f/ n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ x6fpFbf
lghnfO{ cfˆgf] ;kmfO{ k|:t't ug]{ dgfl;a df}sf lbg' kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b–(
s}lkmot tna / hfFr
!@)= sfof{non] s}lkmot tna ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ sDkgLaf6 k]z
ePsf] sfuhftx¿af6 s'g} s'/f gv'n]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf]
Joxf]/f v'nfpg jf s'g} s'/fsf] s}lkmot tna ug'{ k/]df
sfof{non] plrt Dofb tf]sL sDkgLnfO{ s}lkmot tna ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s}lkmot tna ul/Psf
s'/fx¿df sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgn] plrt hjfkm ;f]xL
Dofbleq k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ s}lkmot tnasf] l;nl;nfdf sDkgLsf] sfd
sf/afxLdf s'g} clgoldttf b]lvPdf ;f] lgoldt ug{ u/fpg
sfof{non] sDkgLnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf]
lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{ sDkgLsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
!@!= sfof{non] lg/LIfs v6fpg ;Sg] M -!_ s'g} sDkgLn] o; P]g,
k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL, ljj/0fkq, ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tf jf
k|rlnt sfg"gljk/Lt sfd u/]sf] 5 egL sDkgLsf] r'Qmf
k"FhLsf] sDtLdf bz k|ltzt z]o/sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ jf
z]o/wgLsf] hDdf ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf rf/ v08sf] Ps v08
z]o/wgLx¿ jf ;/f]sf/jfnf ;fx"n] dgfl;a sf/0f b]vfO{
;a'b k|df0f;lxt lgj]bg lbPdf sfof{non] cfjZostf
cg';f/ Ps jf PseGbf a9L lg/LIfs v6fO{ k7fpg ;Sg]5 .
To:tf] lg/LIfs n]vf, sfg"g, ljQ, Joj:yfkg, jfl0fHo, pBf]u
jf sDkgL k|zf;g jf sDkgLn] ug]{ Joj;fo;Fu ;DalGwt
ljifodWo] s'g} Ps ljifosf] ljz]if1 x'g kg]{5 . To:tf] sfo{sf
 nflu nfUg] cg'dflgt vr{sf] /sd sfof{non] tf]s]adf]lhd
lgj]bsn] sfof{nodf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
sfof{nonfO{ b]xfosf] cj:yf 5 eGg] nfu]df pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhd lgj]bg gk/] tfklg sfof{non] cfjZostf cg';f/
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf] lg/LIfs lgo'Qm u/L
sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/ jf Joj;fo hFrfpg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ s'g} sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/ jf Joj;fodf sDkgLsf
z]o/wgL jf ;fx"x¿nfO{ 7u]sf] jf c? lsl;dn]
hfn;fh u/]sf] jf u}/ sfg"gL dtna xfl;n
u/]sf] jf ;fj{hlgs lxtljk/Ltsf sfo{x¿
u/]sf] hfgsf/L ePdf, jf
-v_ s'g} klAns sDkgLn] cfˆgf] sfd sf/f]af/ af/]
lbg' kg]{ ;"rgf glbPdf .
!@@= lg/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ bkmf !@! adf]lhd
vl6Psf] jf lgo'Qm ePsf] lg/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ hfFra'em ug]{ qmddf cfk"mn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf
sDkgLsf jt{dfg jf k"j{ kbflwsf/L jf
z]o/wgL jf hfFra'em ug'{ kg]{ ljifo;Fu ;Da4
hfgsf/L 5 egL 7flgPsf cGo JolQmnfO{
cfk"m;dIf pkl:yt u/fO{ aofg lng], cfjZos
hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{ jf cGo dgfl;a ;xof]u
k|fKt ug]{,
-v_ hfFra'emsf] nflu ;fGble{s sfuhftx? lg/LIf0f
ug]{ jf cGo s'g} rLh a:t' sAhf jf lgoGq0fdf
/fVg] jf s'g} ;DalGwt JolQmaf6 To:tf]
sfuhft jf rLh a:t' cfk"m;dIf bflvn
60
u/fpg nufpg] jf To:tf] sfuhft cfˆgf]
lgoGq0fdf lng],
-u_ sDkgLsf] n]vf 7Ls;Fu /fv]sf] jf g/fv]sf]
hfFRg] jf hfFRg nufpg] .
-@_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd hfFra'emsf] qmddf s'g}
JolQmn] lg/LIfs;dIf JoQm u/]sf] s'/f jf lbPsf] jofg
k|rlnt sfg'gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lghsf]
lj?4 k|df0fsf] ?kdf u|fXo x'g]5 .
!@#= lg/LIfsnfO{ ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ s'g} JolQmn] e"m§f aofg
lbPdf, bkmf !@@ adf]lhd k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0f jf sfuhft
jf cGo rLh j:t' k]z gu/]df, lg/LIfsn] ;f]w]sf] k|Zgsf]
hjfkm glbPdf jf lg/LIfsn] hfFra'emsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
dfu]sf] ljj/0f glbPdf lg/LIfsn] ;f] ljifodf lnlvt ?kdf
cbfnt;dIf ph'/L k|ltj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ph'/L k|ltj]bg k|fKt
ePdf cbfntn] k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd cfjZos s'/f a'emL
s'g} JolQm bf]ifL 7x/]df cbfntn] bkmf !^@ adf]lhd plrt
7x/fPsf] ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!@$= k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd lgo'Qm
lg/LIfsn] hfFra'em u/L ;s]kl5 cfˆgf] /fo;lxt sfof{nodf
k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . sfof{non] To:tf] k|ltj]bgsf] Ps
k|lt lgj]bs eP lghnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 . s'g} z]o/wgLn] To:tf]
k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk kfpg lgj]bg u/]df sfof{non] tf]lsPsf]
b:t'/ lnO{ k|ltlnlk lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIfsn] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgaf6
sDkgLsf] s'g} ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns, k|aGws, sd{rf/L
jf cGo s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] hfgL hfgL sDkgLnfO{ xflg
gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPsf], z]o/wgL jf ;fx"x¿nfO{ 7uL u/]sf],
hfn;fh u/]sf] jf cGo s'g} u}/sfg"gL sfd u/]sf] b]lvPdf
 k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sfof{non] -#_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd lgo'Qm lg/LIfsn] vr{sf]
To:tf] sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 lghx?lj?4 gfln; ph'/ ug{ e'QmfgLsf ;DaGwdf cfˆgf] k|ltj]bgdf ;'emfj k]z ug{
sDkgLnfO{ cfb]z lbg' kg]{5 . ;Sg]5 .
t/ o; Joj:yfn] sDkgL jf z]o/wgLnfO{ k|rlnt kl/R5]b–!)
sfg"gadf]lhd k|fKt cGo pkrf/pk/ aGb]h nufPsf] dflgg] sDkgLsf] :j]lR5s vf/]hL
5}g .
!@^= C0f ltg{ ;Ifd sDkgLsf] vf/]hL -lnSjL8]zg_ M -!_
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] sfd ug]{ ;~rfns, k|aGw bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf]
;~rfns, k|aGws, sd{rf/L jf cGo s'g} kbflwsf/Lsf] cj:yfdf afx]s sDkgLsf z]o/wgLx?n] ;fwf/0f ;efdf
lhDdfdf sDkgLsf] sfd sf/afxL lbO/xFbf sDkgLnfO{ yk ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L jf k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL jf
xflg gf]S;fgL x'g ;S5 eGg] nfu]df sfof{non] To:tf] ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf n]lvPsf Joj:yfx?sf cwLgdf /xL
;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns, k|aGws, sd{rf/L jf sDkgL vf/]h -lnSjL8]zg_ ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
kbflwsf/LnfO{ lgnDag u/L cGo pkfoåf/f sDkgLsf]
Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ sDkgLnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg -@_ b]xfosf] cj:yf ljBdfg ePdf o; P]gadf]lhd
;Sg]5 . s'g} sDkgL vf/]h ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-$_ k|df0f;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f -s_ k"0f{?kdf cfˆgf] C0f jf cGo bfloTj ltg{
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIfsn] k]z sDkgL ;Ifd ePdf,
u/]sf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v ePsf] s'g} s'/f / ;f]df JoQm
ul/Psf] tYo k|df0fsf] ?kdf u|fXo x'g]5 . -v_ bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd
sDkgLsf] bfdf;fxL k'g/fjnf]sg;DaGwL
!@%= hfFrsf] vr{ M -!_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd sfof{non] hfFr lgj]bgpk/ sf/afxL rln/x]sf] cj:yf g/x]df
u/fpFbf nfu]sf] vr{ ;DalGwt sDkgLn] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 . jf ;f] sDkgL s'g} klg k|sf/n]
bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g cGtu{t
t/ hfFr ubf{ sDkgLsf] s'g} ;~rfns, k|aGw bfdf;fxL;DaGwL sf/afxLdf kg]{ cj:yf g/x]df,
;~rfns, k|aGws, jf kbflwsf/Ln] ablgot, wf]vf,
hfn;fhL jf 7uL u/]sf] b]lvPdf To:tf] ;~rfns, k|aGw -u_ pko'Qm 5fglag kZrft C0f tyf cGo
;~rfns, k|aGws jf kbflwsf/Ln] hfFr ;dfKt ePsf] ;ft bfloTjx? k"0f{ ?kdf e'QmfgL ug{ sDkgL ;Ifd
lbgleq hfFrsf] vr{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 . 5 / To:tf] sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{
C0f tyf bfloTj ;f] sDkgL vf/]h ug]{ k|:tfj
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zadf]lhd kfl/t ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{leq r'Qmf ug{ jf
;DalGwt ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns, k|aGws, sd{rf/L jf cGo s'g} klg k|lqmofaf6 k"0f{ ?kdf l5gf]kmfgf]
JolQmn] hfFrsf] vr{ ga'emfPdf ;/sf/L afFsL;/x c;"n ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] af/]df ;~rfnsx?n] lnlvt
ul/g]5 . pb\3f]if0f u/]sf] ePdf,
61
 -3_ ;~rfnsn] v08 -u_ cg';f/ u/]sf] lnlvt
pb\3f]if0f To:tf] sDkgL vf/]h ug]{] ljifodf
5nkmn ug]{ af/]df jf]nfOPsf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf
k]z u/]sf] jf ;f] ljifodf ;fwf/0f ;efdf
5nkmn x'Fbf s} ;dodf To:tf] pb\3f]if0f u/]sf]
ePdf .
-#_ o; bkmfadf]lhd sDkgL vf/]h ug]{ ;DaGwdf kfl/t
ljz]if k|:tfj / ;~rfnsx?sf] lnlvt pb\3f]if0fsf] Ps k|lt
;f] k|:tfj kfl/t ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq sfof{no;dIf
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@&= lnSjL8]6/ tyf n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm M -!_ bkmf !@^
adf]lhd sDkgL vf/]h ug]{ k|:tfj kfl/t ubf{ vf/]hL;DaGwL
sfd sf/afxL ;DkGg ug{ Pshgf lnSjL8]6/sf] lgo'lQm u/L
To:tf] lnSjL8]6/n] k|fKt ug]{ kfl/>lds tf]Sg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm ubf{
bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g cGtu{t Ohfhtkq k|fKt
u/]sf] Joj;foLnfO{ ug{' kg]{5 .
-#_ sDkgLn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm
u/]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq ;f]sf] ;"rgf sfo{fnonfO{ lbg'
kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm ePkl5
sDkgLsf ;~rfns tyf kbflwsf/Lx? cfˆgf] kbaf6 d'Qm
x'g]5g\ / sDkgLsf] ;~rfng / Joj:yfkg;DaGwL sDkgLsf
;~rfns tyf kbflwsf/Ln] k|of]u ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/
lnSjL8]6/n] k|of]u ug]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lnSjL8]6/n] sDkgL ;~rfng
/ Joj:yfkg ug{ k|f/De u/] kl5 To:tf] sDkgLsf
sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;]jf :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 .
62
t/ lnSjL8]6/n] cfˆgf] ;xof]u / ;xfotfsf nflu
cfjZos sd{rf/L sfod /fVg jf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ o; bkmfadf]lhd lgo'Qm lnSjL8]6/n] lgo'lQm
ubf{sf avt tf]s]sf] ;dofjlwleq sDkgL vf/]h ug]{ sfd
k"/f ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ lgwf{l/t ;dofjlwleq sf/0faz vf/]h ug]{ sfd
;DkGg x'g g;s]df lgo'lQm ubf{sf] k|lqmof cjnDag u/L
dgfl;a Dofb yk ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm ubf{ o;
P]gdf ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf /xL Ps n]vfk/LIfs klg
lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{5 .
!@*= bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd x'g] M o;
kl/R5]badf]lhd sDkgL vf/]hL ubf{ s'g} JolQm vf/]h x'g]
sDkgLsf] ;fx" xf] jf xf]Og eGg] s'/fsf] lgwf{/0f
bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd x'g]5 .
!@(= bfloTj e'QmfgL ug{ sDkgL c;Ifd ePdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{ M
o; kl/R5]badf]lhd lnSjL8]6/n] sDkgL vf/]hL ug]{ sfd
sf/afxL k|f/De u/]kl5 sDkgL bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] / ;f]
sDkgLn] ltg'{ kg]{ C0f jf k"/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj e'Qmfg ug{
;Q}mg eGg] s'/fdf lgh ;Gt'i6 ePdf bfdf;fxL;DaGwL
k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd sDkgLsf] bfdf;fxL k'g/fjnf]sg ug{
lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
!#)= lnSjL8]6/n] sDkgLsf] ;DklQ cfˆgf] lhDdfdf lng ;Sg] M
lnSjL8]6/n] o; kl/R5]badf]lhd cfˆgf] sfo{ k|f/De u/]kl5
sDkgLsf] ;DklQ, n]vf / ;Dk"0f{ clen]v tyf sfuhftx?
cfˆgf] lhDdf tyf lgoGq0fdf lng' kg]{5 .
!#!= lnSjL8]6/sf] clwsf/ / st{Jo M -!_ bfdf;fxL;DaGwL
k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd lnSjL8]6/n] k|of]u ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/
/ kfngf ug]{ st{Jo o; P]g cGtu{t lgo'Qm lnSjL8]6/n]
cfjZos x]/km]/;lxt -Do"6fl6; d'6flG8;_ k|of]u / kfngf
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts"n gx'g] u/L
b]xfosf sfd sf/afxL ug'{ lnSjL8]6/sf] st{Jo x'g]5 M–
-s_ lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm ePkl5sf] k|To]s 5 dlxgfdf
sDkgL vf/]h ug]{ ;DaGwdf ePsf] cfDbfgL
tyf vr{sf] lx;fa tyf n]vf tof/ u/L
sfof{no;dIf k]z ug]{,
-v_ lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm ePkl5sf] k|To]s 5 dlxgfdf
sDkgL vf/]h ug]{;DaGwL sfd sf/afxLsf]
k|ult ljj/0f sDkgLsf z]o/wgLx?nfO{
hfgsf/L u/fpg],
-u_ sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 k|fKt ug'{ kg]{ ;DklQ jf
c;"n ug'{ kg]{ ;a} /sd c;"n u/L sDkgLsf]
;a} ;fx"x?sf] C0f tyf cGo bfloTj r'Qmf ug]{,
-3_ v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ;DkGg ePkl5
z]o/wgLx?nfO{ sDkgLsf] afFsL ;DklQ ljt/0f
ug]{;DaGwL k|:tfljt k|ltj]bg tyf ljj/0f
;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfO{ z]o/wgLx?;dIf k]z ug]{,
-ª_ v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0fdf r'Qmf z]o/
k"FhLsf] sDtLdf krxQ/ k|ltzt z]o/ lng]
z]o/wgLx?sf] d~h'/L ePdf ;f]adf]lhd
z]o/wgLx?nfO{ /sd e'QmfgL ug]{,
-r_ vf/]hL;DaGwL sfd sf/afxL k"/f ePkl5
sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 c;"npk/ ul/Psf] ;DklQ,
;fx"nfO{ ul/Psf e'QmfgL / z]o/wgLx?nfO{
ul/Psf] ljt/0fx?sf ;DaGwdf k|ltj]bg tof/
63
u/L n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg;lxt sDkgL vf/]hL
ePsf] Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft u/L To:tf] k|ltj]bg
sfo{fno;dIf k]z ug]{ .
!#@= sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]hL M -!_ bkmf !#! sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf]
v08 -r_ adf]lhd sDkgL vf/]h ePsf] k|ltj]bg sfof{non]
k|fKt u/]kl5 sfof{non] o; P]gadf]lhd To:tf] sDkgLsf]
gfd sDkgL btf{lstfaaf6 x6fO{ sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h ePsf]
cfb]z hf/L ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h ePsf]
cfb]z hf/L u/]kl5 sfof{non] To:tf] sDkgLsf] gfd sDkgL
btf{lstfaaf6 x6fO{ To:tf] sDkgL lj36g ePsf] ;"rgf
/fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
!##= ;fx" tyf z]o/wgLn] ph'/ ug{ ;Sg] M o; kl/R5]badf]lhd
sDkgL vf/]hL ubf{ lnSjL8]6/sf] sfd sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf
s'g} clgoldttf ePsf] egL sDkgLsf] s'g} ;fx'" jf
z]o/wgLnfO{ nfu]df To:tf] sfd sf/afxLsf lj?4df ;f]sf]
hfgsf/L k|fKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq To:tf ;fx" jf z]o/wgLn]
cbfnt;dIf ph'/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!#$= hfn;fhL jf 7uL u/]df sf/jfO{ ug]{ M sDkgLsf s'g}
;~rfns, sd{rf/L jf z]o/wgLn] sDkgLnfO{ hfn;fhL jf
7uL ug]{ sfo{ u/]sf] 5 eGg] lnSjL8]6/nfO{ nfu]df k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd To:tf] JolQmsf] lj?4df lnSjL8]6/n] cfjZos
sfg"gL sf/afxL rnfpg ;Sg]5 .
!#%= ;'/lIft ;fx"x?sf] clwsf/df s'g} c;/ gkg]{ M o;
kl/R5]badf]lhd sDkgL vf/]hL;DaGwL sf/afxL k|f/De
ePsf]df sDkgLsf] ;DklQ lwtf]df lnO{ C0f lbg] ;'/lIft
;fx"x?n] k|rlnt sfg"g cGt{ut lwtf] /x]sf] ;DklQ rng
rnfpg] jf cGo lsl;dn] Joj:yf ug{ kfpg] clwsf/df s'g}
lsl;dn] c;/ kf/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
 kl/R5]b–!!
sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h
!#^= sfof{non] btf{ vf/]h ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf
sfof{non] sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf ;+:yfksn] sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/ z'?
ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f b]vfO{ sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h
u/L kfpg tf]lsPsf] b:t'/;lxt lgj]bg lbPdf,
-v_ nuftf/ tLg cfly{s jif{;Dd bkmf *)
adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f k]z gu/]df jf bkmf *!
adf]lhdsf] hl/afgf glt/]df, jf
-u_ sDkgL k|zf;gsf] l;nl;nfdf k|fKt ;a'bsf]
cfwf/df sDkgLn] cfˆgf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng
u/]sf] 5}g jf sDkgL ;~rfngdf 5}g egL
sfof{nonfO{ ljZjf; x'g ;Sg] dgfl;j cfwf/
ePdf,
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h ug'{
k/]df ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ btf{ vf/]h ug'{cl3 sfo{fnon]
;DalGwt sDkgLnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sDkgLnfO{ ;"rgf k7fpFbf
sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{no, To:tf] sDkgLsf] /lhi68{
sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf sfof{nodf btf{ gu/fPsf] eP jf btf{
u/fPsf] 7]ufgfdf sDkgLsf] sfof{no g/x]sf] eP To:tf]
sDkgLsf] kbflwsf/LnfO{ / To:tf] kbflwsf/Lsf] 7]ufgf klg
sfof{nonfO{ k|fKt gePdf jf km]nf gk/]df sDkgLsf]
k|aGwkqdf pNn]v ul/Psf] k|To]s ;+:yfkssf] 7]ufgfdf
;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lbPsf] ;"rgf cfjZostf
cg';f/ /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf;d]t k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
64
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sDkgLn] ;"rgf k|fKt u/]sf]
ldltaf6 b'O{ dlxgfleq sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h x'g' gkg]{ sf/0f
v'nfO{ lgj]bg glbPdf jf lbPsf] ePklg ;f] sf/0f dgfl;a
gePdf To:tf] sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h x'g ;Sg]5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h
ePsf]df ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt ;~rfnsx?nfO{ lbO{
/fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf;d]t k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h ePdf
To:tf] sDkgLsf] s'g} lsl;dsf] bfloTj /x]5 eg] To:tf]
sDkgLsf] kbflwsf/L jf z]o/wgLsf] bfloTj sfod g} /xg]5
/ To:tf] bfloTj k"/f ug{ u/fpg lghx?lj?4 cfjZos
sfg"gL sf/afxL rnfpg o; bkmfsf s'g} s'/fn] afwf
k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-*_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd btf{ vf/]h x'Fbfsf avt
sDkgLsf] gfpFdf /x]sf] ;DklQ, clwsf/, ;'ljwf jf bfloTj
lghx?n] lnPsf] z]o/sf] cg'kftdf o;sf z]o/wgLsf] gfddf
;g]{5 .
t/ sDkgLn] cGo s'g} JolQmsf] 6«i6Lsf] ?kdf u|x0f
u/]sf] ;DklQ z]o/wgLsf] xs tyf :jfldTjdf ;g]{] 5}g .
-(_ o; bkmf cg';f/ btf{ vf/]h ePsf] sDkgLn]
a'emfpg' kg]{ s'g} C0f jf k"/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj pkbkmf -*_
adf]lhd z]o/wgLsf] gfddf ;/]sf] ;DklQ, clwsf/ jf
;'ljwfaf6 k"/f x'g g;s]df afFsL /x]sf] C0f jf bfloTj To:tf]
sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg /xL pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt
kl/l:yltsf] l;h{gf ug]{ u/fpg] s'/fdf lhDd]jf/ /x]sf
z]o/wgL, ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Ln] JolQmut ?kdf Joxf]g'{
kg]{5 .
-!)_ o; bkmfadf]lhd btf{ vf/]h ePsf] sDkgLn] ;f]xL
sDkgLsf] gfdaf6 s'g} sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
 -!!_ o; bkmfadf]lhd s'g} sDkgL vf/]h ePkl5 ;f]
sDkgL vf/]h ubf{ nfu]sf] vr{ sfof{non] s6fO{ s'g} ;DklQ
afFsL /xg] eP To:tf] ;DklQ dfq z]o/jfnfnfO{ lkmtf{
ug]{5 .
!#&= btf{ vf/]h ePsf] sDkgLsf] btf{ k'g:yf{kgf M -!_ bkmf !#^
sf] pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd s'g} sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h ePsf]
cj:yfdf ;f] sDkgL jf To;sf z]o/wgL jf ;fx"n] ;f]
sDkgL vf/]h ePsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] kfFr
jif{leq ;f] sDkgL k'g:yf{kgf ug{ cbfnt;dIf sf/0f v'nfO{
lgj]bg lbPdf b]xfosf] cj:yfdf cbfntn] ;f] sDkgLsf]
k'g:yf{kgf u/L To;sf] gfd sDkgL btf{lstfadf k'g:yf{kgf
ug{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 M
-s_ ;f] sDkgLn] cfˆgf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/L
/x]sf] cj:yfdf To:tf] sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h
ePsf] b]lvPdf,
-v_ sDkgLsf] hfoh]yf / bfloTjsf] ;d'lrt Joj:yf
ug{ To:tf] sDkgLsf] gfd k'g:yf{kgf ug{
cbfntn] Gofof]lrt b]v]df .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cbfntsf] cfb]zaf6 sDkgL
k'g:yf{lkt ePdf ;f] sDkgL btf{ ePsf] ldltb]lv g}
cl:tTjdf /x]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfb]z hf/L ubf{ sDkgL /
cGo ;a} JolQmx?nfO{ sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h g} gePsf] ;/x
oyfl:yltdf Nofpgsf] nflu cbfntn] pko'Qm 7fg]sf] cfb]z
hf/L ug{ tyf cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgL k'g:yf{lkt ePsf]df
bkmf *! adf]lhdsf] hl/afgf a'emfpg' kg]{ eP ;f] hl/afgf
sfof{nonfO{ a'emfP kl5 dfq sDkgL k'g:yf{kgf u/L sDkgL
btf{lstfadf k'gM gfd btf{ x'g]5 .
65
-%_ bkmf !#^ adf]lhd btf{ vf/]h ePsf] sDkgL o;
bkmfadf]lhd k'g:yf{kgf ePdf To:tf] sDkgLn]
b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ;DklQ lkmtf{ kfpg]5 M–
-s_ sDkgL btf{ vf/]h ePsf] sf/0fn] bkmf !#^ sf]
pkbkmf -*_ adf]lhd sDkgLsf z]o/wgLsf]
x}l;otn] k|fKt u/]sf] ;DklQ,
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] ;DklQ a]r lavg eO{
;s]sf] eP ;f] a]r lavg u/]sf] cj:yfdf k|fKt
x'g uPsf] /sd .
t/ ;fx"sf] C0f jf bfloTj e'Qmfg ug{
vr{ eO;s]sf] ;DklQ jf /sd lkmtf{ x'g ;Sg]
5}g .
kl/R5]b–!@
z]o/wgLsf] ;+/If0f
!#*= cgflwsf/ sfo{ ug{af6 ;~rfns tyf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ /f]Sg
;lsg] M -!_ s'g} ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Ln] cfˆgf] clwsf/If]q
gf3L sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 s'g} sfd u/]df ;f]pk/ /f]s nufpg
To:tf] sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLn] cbfntdf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
t/ sDkgLn] ul/;s]sf] sfd sf/afxLaf6 l;h{gf ePsf]
bfloTj kfngf ug]{ ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] jf ug{ nfluPsf] sfd
sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf o; bkmf cg';f/ lgj]bg lbg ;lsg]
5}g .
-@_ s'g} sDkgLsf] ;DaGwdf sfof{non] bkmf !@$
adf]lhd k|fKt u/]sf] k|ltj]bgaf6 To:tf] sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/
;f] sDkgLsf s'g} jf ;a} jf s'g} vf; ju{ jf ;d"xsf
z]o/wgLx?sf] xs lxtljk/Lt x'g] u/L ;~rfng x'g ;Sg] jf
;~rfng ul/Psf] jf sDkgLn] u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] s'g} sfo{
jf sDkgLn] ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfo{ gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 To:tf
 z]o/wgLx?sf] clxt ePsf] jf clxt x'g]5 eGg] s'/f eP tfklg cbfntn] b]xfosf] cfb]z;d]t hf/L ug{
sfof{nonfO{ nfu]df sfof{non] To:tf] sDkgL jf To;sf ;Sg]5 M–
;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Lsf lj?4 cbfntdf ph'/L lgj]bg
lbg ;Sg]5 . -s_ s'g} jf ;a} z]o/wgLsf] xs lxtlj?4 ePsf
sfd sf/afxL /f]sL eljiodf sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg k|fKt ePdf /Ltk"j{s ;~rfng ug]{,
cbfntn] ;DalGwt sDkgL jf To;sf ;~rfns jf
kbflwsf/L a'emL pko'Qm cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 . -v_ sDkgLn] ul//x]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] s'g} sfd
sf/afxL /f]Sg] jf sDkgLn] gu/]sf] jf gug]{
!#(= z]o/wgLx?sf] xs lxtlj?4 ePsf] sfd sf/afxLsf] pkrf/ M ePsf] s'g} sfo{ ug{ nufpg],
-!_ sDkgLsf s'g} z]o/wgLsf] xs lxtlj?4 x'g] u/L
sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ePsf] jf x'g nfu]sf] jf -u_ sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 cbfntn] lgb]{zg
sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 ul/Psf] jf ug{ nfluPsf] s'g} sfd jf lbPadf]lhd s;}sf] lj?4 b]jfgL d'2f rnfpg
sDkgLn] ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfd gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 s'g} z]o/wgLsf] nufpg],
xs lxtljk/Lt sfd ePsf] jf x'g ;Sg] ;+efjgfsf] cfwf/df
s'g} z]o/wgLn] pko'Qm cfb]zsf] nflu cbfntdf ph'/L -3_ o; P]gsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L sDkgLsf] k"FhL
lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 . 36fO{ s'g} z]o/wgLsf] z]o/ vl/b u/L /sd
lkmtf{ ug{ nufpg],
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg ubf{ To:tf] lgj]bg
ug]{ z]o/wgLn] sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg / lgoGq0f ug]{ -ª_ s'g} z]o/wgLnfO{ e]befj ul/Paf6 lghnfO{ x'g
;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns, k|aGws jf s'g} kbflwsf/Ln] uPsf] xflg gf]S;fgL sDkgLaf6 jf To:tf]
k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfsf] alv{nfk e]befj ug]{af6 e/fO lbg],
u/L ablgot;fy jf cg'lrt e]befj u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] 5 -r_ sDkgL vf/]h ug{],
egL k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .
-5_ sDkgLsf] s'g} z]o/wgLsf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lgj]bg k|fKt ePdf sDkgLsf] csf]{ z]o/wgL jf sDkgL cfkm}nfO{
cbfntn] ;DalGwt sDkgL, ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/L a'emL vl/b ug{ nufpg],
lgj]bgdf pNn]v ePsf] bfaL lhls/ cfwf/o'Qm ePsf]
b]lvPdf ;f]sf] pkrf/ k|bfg ug{ sDkgLsf] gfddf cbfntn] -h_ sDkgL jf o;sf z]o/wgLnfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL
plrt 7fg]adf]lhdsf] cfb]z hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 . k'¥ofpg] ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Laf6 xflg
gf]S;fgL e/fpg],
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd cfb]z hf/L ubf{ ;f]
pkbkmfsf] ;j{dfGotfdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L k|aGwkq, -em_ sDkgL cfkm}n] z]o/ vl/b ug]{ ePdf To:tf]
lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] sDkgLn] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg] ;DaGwdf ljz]if
66
 k|:tfj kfl/t u/L z]o/ k"FhL 36fPsf];/x dfgL
To:tf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg] cfb]z lbg]
/ ;f] sf/0faf6 sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq jf
lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg ug{' kg]{ ePdf cfjZos
;+zf]wg ug{;d]t cGo pko'Qm cfb]z lbg] .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg sDkgL jf To;sf ;~rfns jf sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg
jf lgoGq0f ug]{ JolQmn] jf To;sf sd{rf/Ln] s'g} ug'{ kg]{
sfd gu/]sf] jf gug'{ kg]{ sfd u/]sf] sf/0faf6 jf cGo s'g}
lsl;dn] e]befjk"0f{ Jojxf/ u/]sf] sf/0faf6 xflg, gf]S;fgL
ePsf] JolQmn] kfpg] pkrf/ o; bkmfadf]lhd dfq ;Lldt
ePsf] dflgg] 5}g / To:tf] JolQmn] cGo k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd pknAw pkrf/ kfpg cfˆgf] jf cGo
z]o/wgLsf] xsdf;d]t JolQmut jf ;fd"lxs ?kdf sf/afxL
rnfpg ;Sg]5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd ;fd"lxs pkrf/ dfu ul/Psf]
eP cbfntn] To; ju{sf] s'g} jf ;a} z]o/wgLx?af6
cfjZos s'/f a'emL jf ga'emL pko'Qm cfb]z hf/L ug{
;Sg]5 .
-&_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
s'g} jf ;a} z]o/wgLsf] xs lxt ;+/If0f ug{ sDkgLn] cfˆgf]
k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf s'g} ;+zf]wg ug{ gkfpg] u/L jf
s'g} vf; ljifodf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ u/L cbfntn] cfb]z
lbPsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] cj:yfdf ;f] cbfntsf] k"j{:jLs[lt
ljgf k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf s'g} ;+zf]wg ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd cbfntsf] cfb]zn] jf ;f]
cfb]z cg';f/ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf s'g}
;+zf]wg u/]sf] eP To:tf] ;+zf]wgnfO{ sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f
;efn] ljz]if k|:tfjåf/f kfl/t u/]sf] ;+zf]wg;/x
dflgg]5 .
67
-(_ cbfntn] o; bkmfadf]lhd lbPsf] b]xfoadf]lhdsf]
cfb]znfO{ sfof{non] sDkgLsf] btf{lstfadf btf{ ug'{ kg]{5
M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpgsf nflu lbPsf]
cfb]z,
-v_ sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg x'g]
u/L lbPsf] cfb]z .
-!)_ sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLsf] ?kdf btf{ eO{ g;s]sf] t/
sfg"gL k|lqmofaf6 lghsf] gfddf z]o/ gfd;f/L eO{ cfPsf]
JolQmsf ;DaGwdf;d]t sDkgLsf cGo z]o/wgLx?;/x of]
bkmfsf] Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 .
!$)= sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 z]o/wgLn] d'2f ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ sDkgLsf]
s'g} xs lxt k|rng u/fpg sDkgLn] o;sf] s'g} ;~rfns,
kbflwsf/L jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfadf]lhd sDkgL lgoGq0f
ug]{ z]o/wgLx¿ jf s'g} JolQmsf] lj?4df cbfntdf d'2f
bfo/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;DalGwt sDkgLn] d'2f
grnfPdf sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] ;fF9] b'O{ k|ltzt jf
;f]eGbf a9L z]o/ lnPsf] s'g} z]o/wgLn] PSn} jf kfFr
k|ltzt z]o/ k'Ug] PseGbf a9L z]o/wgLx¿ ldnL sDkgLsf]
tkm{af6 To:tf] ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/L jf sDkgL lgoGq0f
ug]{ JolQm jf cGo s'g} JolQmsf] lj?4 cbfntdf d'2f bfo/
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd z]o/wgLn] d'2f bfo/ ubf{
sDkgLn] :jo+ d'2f rnfcf];\ egL lghn] s] s:tf] k|of;
u/]sf] lyof] ;f] s'/f pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd d'2f bfo/ ePdf cbfntn]
;f] d'2f z]o/wgLn] g} rnfO{ /xg' pko'Qm x'G5 jf sDkgLnfO{
 ;sf/ u/fpg' pko'Qm x'G5 eGg] 7x/ u/L sDkgLnfO{ ;sf/
u/fpg' pko'Qm b]lvPdf sDkgLnfO{ ;sf/ ug{ cfb]z lbg
;Sg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd bfo/ ul/Psf] d'2f
Psk6s bfo/ eO{ ;s]kl5 vf/]hL x'g jf cbfntn] tf]s]sf]
zt{x¿ ;dflji6 ePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s ldnfkq x'g
;Sg]5}g .
-^_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd bfo/ ePsf] d'2f km};nf x'Fbf
ph'/jfnf z]o/wgLsf] bfaL k'Ug] 7x/]df To:tf] d'2f rnfpg
lghn] ug'{ k/]sf] vr{sf] /sd / sfg"g Joj;foLsf] ;]jfafkt
ePsf] dgfl;j vr{;d]t sDkgLn] ;f]wegf{ ul/lbg' kg]{5 .
bfaL gk'Ug] 7x/]df d'2f k|lt/Iff ubf{ k|ltjfbLn] Joxf]g'{ k/]sf]
vr{dWo] cbfntn] pko'Qm 7x/fPsf] /sd ph'/jfnf
z]o/wgLaf6 ;f]wegf{ lbnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!$!= ;DklQsf] k|flKt jf laqmL M -!_ s'g} klAns sDkgL jf ;f]sf]
;xfos sDkgLn] s'g} ;DklQ vl/b jf laqmL ubf{
b]xfoadf]lhd x'g] ePdf ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L sfof{nonfO{
u/fpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ s'g} ;DklQ vl/b u/]sf] sf/0faf6 n]vfk/LIf0f
ePsf] kl5Nnf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0fdf pNn]v
ePsf] cfˆgf] ;DklQ jf Psd'i6 -sG;f]ln8]6]8_
;DklQsf] d"No kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9Ln] a[l4
ePdf,
-v_ laqmL ug{ nfu]sf] jf laqmL u/]sf] ;DklQaf6
x'g] cfDbfgL ;f] sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf]
kl5Nnf] lx;falstfadf pNn]v ul/Psf] s/
ltg'{eGbf cufl8sf] sDkgLsf] Psd'i6 -
sG;f]ln8]6]8_ cfDbfgLsf] kGw| k|ltzteGbf a9L
x'g] ePdf .
68
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpFbf
b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfpg' kg]{5 / To:tf s'/fx? sDkgLsf]
sf/f]af/sf ;DaGwdf;d]t nfu" x'g] eP ;f] s'/f ;~rfns
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf;d]t b]vfpg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ sf/f]af/sf] ldlt / sf/f]af/df ;+nUg kIfx?,
-v_ ;DklQsf] k|s[lt af/]sf] ljj/0f / To:tf]
;DklQleq k"/} jf cf+lzs ?kdf s'g} cGo
sDkgLn] hf/L u/]sf] z]o/ klg kg]{ eP To:tf]
z]o/ hf/L ug]{ sDkgLsf] gfd tyf To:tf]
sDkgLn] ug]{ Jofj;flos sf/f]af/sf] k|s[lt,
-u_ sf/f]af/sf] /sd / sf/f]af/sf cGo zt{x?,
-3_ ;DklQ vl/b jf laqmLubf{ ;DklQsf] d"NofÍgsf]
nflu cjnDag ul/Psf cfwf/x?,
-ª_ s'g} ;DklQ laqmL ul/Psf] eP ;DklQsf]
laqmLaf6 k|fKt /sd To:tf] ;DklQsf] >]:tfdf
b]vfOPsf] d"NoeGbf a9L jf 36L s] 5 ;f] s'/f .
kl/R5]b–!#
d'Vo / ;xfos sDkgLx¿
!$@= ;xfos sDkgL dfly lgoGq0f M -!_ d'Vo sDkgLn] cfˆgf]
;xfos sDkgLnfO{ b]xfoadf]lhd lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] u7gdf k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf
lgoGq0f /fv]/,
-v_ sDkgLsf] ax'dt z]o/ u|x0f u/]/ .
 -@_ s'g} Ps sDkgL cGo s'g} ;xfos sDkgLsf]
;xfos sDkgL ePdf klxnf] sDkgL kl5Nnf] sDkgLnfO{
lgoGq0f ug]{ d'Vo sDkgLsf] klg ;xfos sDkgL x'g]5 .
-#_ sDkgLsf] z]o/ d'Vo sDkgL jf To;sf] ;xfos
sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 s'g} k|ltlglwn] u|x0f u/]sf] jf To:tf]
sDkgLsf] ;~rfns lgo'Qm ug]{ clwsf/ d'Vo sDkgL jf
To;sf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 dgf]gLt s'g} JolQmn] ug]{
eP tfklg pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPsf cj:yfx¿sf] kl/k"lt{
ePsf] dflgg]5 .
t/ d'Vo sDkgL / ;xfos sDkgL lgwf{/0f ubf{
b]xfosf] cj:yfdf sAhf ul/Psf] z]o/nfO{ o; k|of]hgsf
nflu dfGotf lbOg] 5}g M–
-!_ s'g} sDkgLn] C0fkq lnPsf] jf C0fkq hf/L
ug]{ 6«i6 lnvtsf] cfwf/df s'g} clwsf/ k|of]u
ug{ kfpg] ePsf] jf z]o/ u|x0f u/]sf] ePdf,
-@_ C0f lbg] sDkgLn] ;'/If0fsf] ?kdf z]o/ u|x0f
u/]sf] ePdf .
!$#= sfuhft ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ d'Vo sDkgLn] cfˆgf]
jf;nftdf ;xfos sDkgLsf b]xfoadf]lhdsf sfuhftx¿
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;xfos sDkgLsf] tTsfn ;dfKt ePsf] cfly{s
jif{sf] jflif{s lx;fasf] Ps k|lt / ;f] cjlwsf]
To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg,
-v_ n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg,
-u_ cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf ;xfos sDkgLdf /x]sf]
d'Vo sDkgLsf] nufgLsf] ljj/0f,
69
-3_ d'Vo sDkgL / ;xfos sDkgLsf] cfly{s jif{
a]Unfa]Un} ePdf To:tf] leGg cjlwleqdf
;xfos sDkgL dfly /x]sf] d'Vo sDkgLsf] xs
s'g} k|sf/n] kl/jt{g ePsf] /x]5 eg] To:tf]
s'/f .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bgdf
;xfos sDkgLsf] ;DalGwt cfly{s jif{df ePsf] gf]S;fgx¿
s6fO{ afFsL /x]sf] v'b d'gfkmf / ;f] sDkgL ;xfos sDkgL
ePb]lv sDkgLsf] lx;falstfadf pNn]v gul/Psf] t/ d'Vo
sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ ;/f]sf/ x'g] gfkmf gf]S;fg;d]t
pNn]v ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ s'g} sf/0fjz d'Vo sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn]
pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / pkbkmf -@_ df plNnlvt
hfgsf/L xfl;n ug{ g;s]df d'Vo sDkgLsf] jf;nftdf ;f]
s'/fsf] lnlvt k|ltj]bg ;dfj]z u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0fdf
;xfos sDkgLsf] crn hfoh]yf lwtf] /fvL lnPsf] C0f jf
tTsfn sfod /x]sf] bfloTj k"/f ug{afx]s c? s'g} sfdsf]
nflu lnPsf] C0f;d]t b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
!$$= d'Vo sDkgLdf nufgL ug{ gx'g] M ;xfos sDkgLn] d'Vo
sDkgLsf] z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ vl/b ug{ jf cGo lsl;dn] d'Vo
sDkgLdf nufgL ug{ x'Fb}g .
kl/R5]b–!$
k|fOe]6 sDkgL;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf
!$%= ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tf M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoyf Joj:yf
ul/Psf]df afx]s k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf
b]xfosf s'/fx¿sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] Joj:yfkg, Joj;fo / sf/f]af/,
 -v_ z]o/ x:tfGt/0fdf s'g} aGb]h eP ;f] s'/f,
-u_ s'g} lglZrt jf cfsl:ds 36gf jf :j]R5fn]
Ps jf PseGbf a9L z]o/wgLx¿n] sDkgL
vf/]h ug{ ;Sg] clwsf/,
-3_ dtbfgsf] clwsf/sf] ljefhg jf k|of]u,
-ª_ sDkgLsf] kbflwsf/L, sd{rf/L, sfdbf/sf]
lgo'lQmsf zt{x¿,
-r_ sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf clGtd
lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{ JolQm jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v
sf] x'g] eGg] s'/fx¿,
-5_ nfef+zsf] e'QmfgL jf afF8kmfF8sf] tl/sf,
-h_ ;~rfns ;ldlt g/xg] s'/f,
-em_ ;~rfns ;ldlt g/xg] xf] eg] o; P]gadf]lhd
;~rfns ;ldltn] ug'{ kg]{ sfd s;n] ug{] xf]
;f] s'/f,
-`_ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef ug'{ gkg]{ eP ;f];DaGwL
Joj:yf,
-6_ z]o/sf lsl;d / km/s clwsf/ ePsf z]o/sf]
Joj:yf eP ;f] s'/f .
-@_ ;Demf}tfsf ;a} kIfx¿sf] lnlvt ;xdltaf6
;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg x'g ;Sg]5 .
-#_ ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tf ;DkGg eO;s]kl5
b]xfoadf]lhd u/L z]o/ k|fKt ug]{ z]o/wgLn] ;f] ;Demf}tfdf
;xdlt hgfPsf] / ;f]sf] kIf ePsf] dflgg]5 M–
70
-s_ bfg as;af6 z]o/ kfPsf] ePdf,
-v_ cGo s'g} tj/af6 z]o/ k|fKt u/]sf]df ;f] z]o/
k|fKt u/]sf avt To:tf] ;Demf}tf /x]sf]
hfgsf/L ePdf .
!$^= z]o/wgLsf] lx;falstfa lg/LIf0f ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ k|fOe]6
sDkgLsf z]o/wgL jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] sfof{no ;doleq
sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/;Fu ;DalGwt b]xfosf sfuhft jf
clen]vsf] lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ;fwf/0f ;ef / ;~rfns ;ldltsf]
lg0f{ok'l:tsf,
-v_ jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f,
-u_ z]o/ btf{lstfa, /
-3_ sDkgLsf] n]vf .
-@_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Ln] pkbkmf
-!_ adf]lhdsf sfuhft tyf clen]vx? z]o/wgLx?n]
lg/LIf0f ug{ kfpg] u/L kof{Kt Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
!$&= sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f M -!_ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLn]
sDkgLaf6 s'g} cfly{s jif{sf] sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f
dfu ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ljj/0f dfu ePsf] kGw|
lbgleqdf sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns
jf kbflwsf/Ln] k|dfl0ft jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f ;dfj]z
ePsf] ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!$*= jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef ug{' gkg]{ M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf
 z]o/wgLx¿aLr ePsf] ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf sDkgLsf]
jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef gug]{ s'/f pNn]v ePsf] /x]5 eg] ;f]
;Demf}tfsf] cjlwe/ To:tf] k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] jflif{s ;fwf/0f
;ef ug'{ kg]{ 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef gug]{
u/L ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tf ePsf]df sDkgLn] o; P]gadf]lhd
;fwf/0f ;efaf6 lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{ ljifodf lg0f{o ug]{ sfo{ljlw
tyf lg0f{o ug]{ clVtof/sf] af/]df klg Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!%)= ;fwf/0f ;efdf efu lnPsf] dflgg] M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq
!$(= k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] lnlvt k|:tfj kfl/t ug]{ M -!_ o; P]gdf
cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg lgodfjnLdf cGoyf
Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s s'g} k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f
;efåf/f ljz]if k|:tfjnufot cGo s'g} k|:tfj kfl/t u/L
jf s'g} vf; ju{sf z]o/wgLx?sf] ;efaf6 kfl/t u/L ug{
;lsg] s'g} klg sfd sf/afxL h'g ldltdf To:tf] k|:tfj
kfl/t ul/Psf] dflgg] xf] ;f]xL ldltdf ;f] k|:tfjpk/ 5nkmn
x'Fbf dtbfg ug{ kfpg] sDtLdf krxQ/ k|ltzt z]o/sf]
k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;a} z]o/wgLn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf] lnlvt k|:tfj
ePdf ;f]xL lnvtaf6 To:tf] sfd sf/afxL ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu sf/0faz 5'§f5'§}
lnlvt k|:tfj clen]v ul/Psf]df To:tf ;a} lnvtsf]
Joxf]/f Ps} k|sf/sf] ePdf ;a} z]o/wgLx?n] Pp6} lnvtdf
;xL ug'{ cfjZos kg]{ 5}g / k|To]s z]o/wgLn] 5'§f5'§}
lnvtdf ;xL u/]sf] eP tfklg Pp6} lnlvt k|:tfjdf ;xL
ePsf] dfgL To:tf] lnvt dfGo x'g]5 .
-#_ o; bkmfadf]lhd lnlvt k|:tfjdf ;xL ug]{ k|To]s
z]o/wgLn] ;f] k|:tfjdf cfk"mn] ;xL u/]sf] ldlt v'nfpg'
kg]{5 / ;a}eGbf kl5Nnf] ldltdf ;xL ug]{ z]o/wgLn] ;xL
u/]sf] ldltnfO{ k|:tfj kfl/t ePsf] ldlt dflgg]5 .
71
-$_ s'g} lnlvt k|:tfjdf ;+nUg ul/Psf] lnvt ;f]
k|:tfjdf ;xL ug]{ z]o/wgLx?sf] ;efdf k]z ul/Psf];/x
dflgg]5 .
-%_ o; bkmfadf]lhd :jLs[t ul/Psf] k|:tfjnfO{
sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef jf s'g} vf; ;d"xsf z]o/wgLx?sf]
;efjf6 kfl/t ePsf] lg0f{o;/x h'g;'s} k|of]hgsf nflu
dfGotf lbOg]5 .
h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf
cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s s'g} k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] s'g}
z]o/wgLn] s'g} klg ;~rf/ dfWodaf6 ;a} z]o/wgLx?;Fu
;~rf/ ;Dks{ u/L k|To]s z]o/wgLn] af]n]sf] s'/f cGo
z]o/wgLx?n] ;'Gg jf k9\g ;Sg] u/L csf]{ z]o/wgL;Fusf]
;~rf/ ;Dks{df ;xefuL ePdf To;/L ;~rf/ ;Dks{df
;xefuL x'g] k|To]s z]o/wgLn] cGo z]o/wgL;Fu ;fwf/0f
;efdf efu lnPsf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
;fwf/0f ;ef ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq s'g} z]o/wgLn] ;fwf/0f
;efdf efu glnPsf] s'/f sfof{nodf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/;lxt
ph'/L lgj]bg lbPdf sfof{non] ;DalGwt sDkgL a'‰g' kg]{5
/ To;/L sDkgL a'‰bf ;f] sDkgLn] ph'/jfnf z]o/wgLn]
To:tf] ;efdf efu lnPsf] k|dfl0ft ug{ g;s]df ;f] ;efn]
u/]sf] lg0f{o dfGo x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;~rfng ePsf]
z]o/wgLx?sf] ;ef ;f] ;efsf] cWoIf pkl:yt /x]sf] :yfgdf
;~rfng ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-$_ sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;DaGwdf dfGo x'g]
pkbkmf -!_,-@_ jf -#_ sf] Joj:yf cfjZos x]/km]/;lxt
 o:tf sDkgLsf] ;~rfns jf ;~rfnsx?sf] pk;ldltsf]
a}7ssf] ;DaGwdf klg nfu" x'g5
] .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg ePkl5
;f] ;efdf ePsf] sfd sf/afxL tyf lg0f{osf] ljj/0f jflif{s
?kdf tof/ u/L ;f] ;efsf] cWoIfn] k|dfl0ft u/L /fVg'
kg]{5 .
!%!= tf]lsPsf sf/f]af/ ug]{ sDkgLnfO{ ljz]if 5'6 M g]kfn
;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L tf]lsPsf]
/sd;Ddsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] kl/R5]b–* sf]
Joj:yf kfngf ug'{ gkg]{ u/L 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b—!%
Psn z]o/wgL ePsf] sDkgL;DaGwL Joj:yf
!%@= Psn z]o/wgL ePsf] sDkgLn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s
tyf ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg' gkg]{ M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Psn z]o/wgL ePsf] sDkgLn]
lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s sDkgLsf]
;~rfns ;ldlt jf ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ug'{ kg]{ elgPsf]
;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/afxL tyf lg0f{o To:tf] z]o/wgLsf] lnlvt
lg0f{o cg';f/ x'g]5 / To;sf] nflu ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s
jf ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg' kg]{ 5}g .
!%#= Psn z]o/wgL ePsf] sDkgLsf] z]o/ x:tfGt/0f tyf bflvn
vf/]h M -!_ Psn z]o/wgL ePsf] sDkgLsf] z]o/wgLsf] d[To'
ePdf lghsf] xsbf/ jf lghsf] z]o/df xs k|fKt ug]{
JolQmn] z]o/wgLsf] xs k|fKt ug]{5 / lghn] z]o/ x:tfGt/0f
tyf bflvn vf/]h ug]{nufot o; P]g cg';f/ Psn
z]o/wgLn] ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfo{ ug]{5 . o;/L xs k|fKt ug]{
JolQmn] z]o/ x:tfGt/0f / bflvn vf/]hsf] lg0f{o ubf{
lnlvt ?kdf ug{' kg]{5 .
72
t/ To:tf] z]o/wgLsf] s'g} xsjfnf km]nf gk/]
sfof{non] lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm u/L k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd
sDkgL vf/]h ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd z]o/df xs k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn]
To:tf] xs k|fKt ePsf] Ps dlxgfleq ;f] s'/fsf] k|df0f;lxt
sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePkl5
sfof{non] tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lnO{ ;f] hfgsf/L clen]v ul/Psf]
Joxf]/f z]o/df xs k|fKt ug]{ JolQmnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd z]o/df xs k|fKt ug]{ JolQm
PseGbf a9L ePdf cGo xsbf/n] PshgfnfO{ dfq xs
x:tfGt/0f u/]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s lghx? tTsfnsf nflu
sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ePsf] dflgg]5 / ;f]xL cfwf/df
sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf cfjZos ;+zf]wg ug'{
kg]{5 .
t/ xs a]xssf] k|Zg p7]df ;f] ljifodf clwsf/ k|fKt
cbfntsf] km};nfadf]lhd x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b—!^
ljb]zL sDkgL;DaGwL Joj:yf
!%$= ljb]zL sDkgLsf] btf{ M -!_ ljb]zL sDkgLn] o; bkmfadf]lhd
sfof{nodf To:tf] sDkgLsf] zfvf sfof{no btf{ gu/fO{
g]kfn /fHoleq s'g} Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ jf
;Dks{ sfof{no btf{ gu/fO{ To:tf] sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]
5}g .
t/ clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ sfg"gadf]lhd
:yfkgf ePsf] s'g} sDkgLsf] z]o/df nufgL ug]{, To:tf]
sDkgLnfO{ C0f lbg] jf To:tf sDkgLsf] ;~rfng jf
Joj:yfkgdf efu lng] sfdnfO{ o; kl/R5]bsf] k|of]hgsf
nflu Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
:ki6Ls/0f M s'g} ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfndf :yfkgf ul/Psf]
jf ;f]sf] nflu k|of]u ul/Psf] sfof{no jf :yfgaf6 Ps
dlxgf jf ;f]eGbf a9L cjlw;Dd lgoldt ?kdf s'g}
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]df jf lgoldt ;+Dks{sf nflu s'g}
JolQmnfO{ lgo'Qm u/]df jf lghsf] ;]jf lnPdf o;
kl/R5]bsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu To:tf] sDkgLn] g]kfndf sf/f]af/
;~rfng u/]sf] jf sfof{no :yfkgf u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd zfvf sfof{no btf{ ug{
rfxg] ljb]zL sDkgLn] k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;DalGwt
lgsfoaf6 k|fKt :jLs[lt;d]t ;+nUg /fvL tf]lsPadf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/;lxt sfof{nodf To:tf] sDkgL
btf{sf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_+ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;Dks{ sfof{no btf{ ug{
rfxg] ljb]zL sDkgLn] To:tf] sfof{no btf{ ug{sf] nflu
k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd s'g} lgsfosf] :jLs[lt cfjZos kg]{
eP To:tf] :jLs[lt;d]t ;+nUg u/L tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] b:t'/;lxt sfof{nodf To:tf] sDkgL
btf{sf] nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M g]kfnleq s'g} sfd ug{sf nflu s'g} ljb]zL
sDkgL k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt s'g} lgsfoaf6
5gf}6 ePdf jf clwsf/ k|fKt s'g} lgsfo;Fu s/f/ u/]df
pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu To;/L 5gf}6 ePsf] jf
s/f/ u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ g} ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 :jLs[lt lbOPsf]
dflgg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd ljb]zL sDkgL btf{sf]
nflu lgj]bg k|fKt x'g cfPdf sfof{non] cfjZos hfFra'em
u/L To:tf] ljb]zL sDkgLnfO{ g]kfn /fHoleq Joj;fo jf
73
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ jf ;Dks{ sfof{no v8f ug{ lgj]bg
lbPsf] tL; lbgleq btf{ u/L tf]lsPadf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq
lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd lbPsf] lgj]bgadf]lhd
ljb]zL sDkgL btf{ x'g g;Sg] ePdf sfof{non] ;f]sf] sf/0f
v'nfO{ tL; lbgleq ;DalGwt lgj]bsnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg'
kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ljb]zL sDkgLn]
g]kfn /fHoleq cfˆgf] zfvf sfof{no vf]nL ;DalGwt
Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ jf ;Dks{ sfof{no vf]Ng
;Sg]5 .
t/ ;Dks{ sfof{nosf] ?kdf btf{ ePsf] ljb]zL
sDkgLn] g]kfn /fHoleq cfo cfh{g x'g] s'g} sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]
5}g .
-^_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] ljb]zL
sDkgLsf] gfd jf To:tf] sDkgLn] sfof{Gjog ug]{ p2]Zo o;
P]g cg';f/ btf{ x'g g;Sg] k|s[ltsf] ePdf To:tf] ljb]zL
sDkgL g]kfndf btf{ x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
-&_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ljb]zL sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] /lhi68{ sfof{no /x]sf] jf ;+:yfkgf ePsf] d'n'sdf
h'g k|sf/sf] Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf] 5 ;f]xL k|s[ltsf]
Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ dfq ug{ kfpg] u/L btf{ ePsf]
dflgg]5 .
-*_ o; bkmfadf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ljb]zL sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] sf/f]af/ /x]sf] 7fpFdf ;a}n] b]Vg] u/L cfˆgf] gfdsf]
af]8{ /fVg' kg]{5 / To:tf] af]8{ tyf sDkgLn] k|of]u ug]{ lan,
ekf{O, aLhs OToflb jf n]6/Kof8x?df sDkgL :yfkgf ePsf]
d'n'ssf] gfd tyf g]kfndf sDkgL btf{ ePsf] btf{ gDa/
:ki6 ?kdf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
 -(_ o; bkmfadf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ljb]zL sDkgLsf]
btf{sf nflu sfof{non] 5'§} btf{lstfa v8f ug'{ kg]{5 /
To:tf] btf{lstfa ;j{;fwf/0fn] x]g]{ / tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lt/L
gSsn lng kfOg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-!)_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg o; bkmf cg';f/ btf{ ul/Psf] ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfn
/fHoleq z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ lgisfzg ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
-!!_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg of] P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt g]kfn /fHoleq btf{
gu/fO{ Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ul//x]sf jf ;Dks{
sfof{no v8f u/]sf ljb]zL sDkgLn] of] P]g k|f/De ePsf]
ldltn] 5 dlxgfleq o; P]gadf]lhd sfof{nodf btf{ u/fO{
;Sg' kg]{5 .
!%%= ljb]zL sDkgLn] lnvtx¿ bflvn ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ bkmf !%$
adf]lhd btf{ x'g jf ;Dks{ sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ lgj]bg lbg]
ljb]zL sDkgLn] lgj]bg ;fy b]xfoadf]lhdsf] ljj/0f
sfof{no;dIf bflvn ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfndf Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/
;~rfng ug{ clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 k|fKt
cg'dlt,
-v_ sDkgL ;+:yfkgsf] clwsf/kq, k|df0fkq,
k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLsf] 5fofF k|lt / ;f]sf]
g]kfnL cg'jfb,
-u_ sDkgLsf] /lhi68{ sfof{no / sf/f]af/ ug]{ d'Vo
7fpFsf] k"/f gfd, 7]ufgf, sDkgL ;+:yfkgf
ePsf] ldlt, To:tf] sDkgLsf] r'Qmf kF"hL / d'Vo
p2]Zo;DaGwL ljj/0f,
74
-3_ sDkgLsf ;~rfns, k|aGws, sDkgL ;lrj jf
k|d'v kbflwsf/Lsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, lghx?sf]
gful/stfsf] ljj/0f,
-ª_ sDkgLsf] gfpFdf hf/L ePsf] Dofb, ;"rgf cflb
sDkgLsf tkm{af6 a'lem lng] sDkgLåf/f
clws[t ul/Psf] g]kfn /fHoleq /x] a;]sf]
JolQmsf] gfd / 7]ufgf,
-r_ sDkgLn] g]kfn /fHoleq Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/
ug]{ d'Vo :yfg / ;f] :yfgdf /x]sf] sDkgLsf]
sfof{nosf] k"/f 7]ufgf,
-5_ sDkgLn] g]kfn /fHoleq sf/f]af/ jf Joj;fo
ug]{ eP k|:tfljt nufgL / sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f,
-h_ sDkgLn] g]kfndf sf/f]af/ z'? ug]{ eP ;f]sf]
k|:tfljt ldlt,
-em_ sDkgLn] k]z u/]sf] ljj/0fdf pNn]v ul/Psf
s'/fx? 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] eGg] ;DaGwdf sDkgLsf]
;~rfns jf lghsf] k|ltlglwn] sDkgLsf]
tkm{af6 u/]sf] pb\3f]if0f,
-`_ bkmf !%& adf]lhdsf] clVtof/gfdf .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} ljb]zL sDkgLn] k]z
u/]sf] s'g} lnvtsf] Joxf]/fdf s'g} ;+zf]wg jf x]/km]/ ePdf
;f] ;+zf]wg jf x]/km]/sf] ljj/0f;lxtsf] ;"rgf k+}tL; lbgleq
sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ g]kfn /fHoaflx/ hf/L ePsf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd
k]z ug'{ kg]{ lnvt jf ;f]sf] k|ltlnlk k]z ubf{ ljb]zL sDkgL
btf{ ePsf] d'n'ssf] sfg"g cg';f/ k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
!%^= ljb]zL sDkgLsf] lx;falstfa, n]vfk/LIf0f / jflif{s
k|ltj]bg M -!_ bkmf !%$ adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] k|To]s ljb]zL
sDkgLn] o; P]g cGtu{t ;+:yflkt sDkgL;/x g]kfn
/fHoleqsf] sf/f]af/sf] jf:tljs l:ylt b]lvg] u/L jf;nft
tyf gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] lx;fa;lxtsf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f
tof/ u/L n]vfk/LIf0f u/fO{ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn]
5 dlxgfleq sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ ljb]zL sDkgLn] cfˆgf] /lhi68{ sfof{no /x]sf]
d'n'ssf] sfg"g cg';f/ k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] nflu tof/
kfl/Psf] jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f, n]vfk/LIf0fsf] k|ltj]bg tyf
;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg clGtd ?kdf tof/ ePsf]
ldltn] tLg dlxgfleq ;f]sf] k|ltlnlk sfof{nodf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-#_ ljb]zL sDkgLn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s
cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ b]xfosf ljj/0fx?;d]t ;dfj]z
ug'{' kg]{5M M–
-s_ ljb]zL sDkgLsf] gfddf g]kfn /fHoleq /x]sf]
l:y/, rfn" tyf cGo ;DklQnfO{ 5'§f5'§} b]lvg]
u/L juL{s/0f u/L tof/ kfl/Psf] ljj/0f,
-v_ ljb]zL sDkgLsf] gfddf g]kfn l:yt a}Í tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] gub /sdsf] :ki6
ljj/0f,
-u_ ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfn l:yt a}Í tyf ljQLo
;+:yfaf6 lnPsf] C0f tyf cf]e/ 8«fˆ6sf]
/sd eP ;f];DaGwL ljj/0f,
-3_ ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfnsf] s'g} afl;Gbf JolQm jf
o; P]g cGtu{t btf{ ePsf] g]kfnL sDkgLnfO{
a'emfpg' kg]{ C0f tyf bfloTj eP ;f]sf] s'n
/sd .
75
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sfof{nodf k]z ug{' kg]{
k|ltj]bg tyf ljj/0f / ;+nUg x'g' kg]{ sfuhft g]kfnL jf
c+u|]hL efiffafx]s cGo efiffdf n]lvPsf] eP ;f]sf]
cflwsfl/s g]kfnL jf c+u|]hL efiffsf] cg'jfbsf] k|lt;d]t
;+nUg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ bkmf !%$ adf]lhd g]kfndf ;Dks{ sfof{no btf{
u/fPsf] ljb]zL sDkgLn] To:tf] sfof{nodf sfo{/t sd{rf/L,
;Nnfxsf/ jf ;Dks{ JolQm tyf lghx?nfO{ e'QmfgL ul/Psf]
tna, eQf tyf /sdx?sf] ljj/0f, To;/L lbPsf] e'QmfgLdf
k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ s/ s§L u/]sf] ljj/0f / To:tf]
sfof{no ;~rfngsf nflu e'QmfgL ul/Psf] jxfn tyf
vr{x?sf] e'QmfgL tyf To;/L lbPsf] e'QmfgLdf k|rlnt
sfg"g cg';f/ s/ s§f u/]sf] ljj/0f n]vfk/LIfsaf6
k|dfl0ft u/fO{ cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq
sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!%&= clVtof/gfdf M -!_ bkmf !%$ adf]lhd btf{ x'g] ljb]zL
sDkgLn] g]kfndf a;f]af; ug]{ JolQmnfO{ cfˆgf] tkm{af6 jf
cfˆgf] lj?4 rnfOPsf] d'2f dfldnf jf sfg"gL
sf/afxL;DaGwL Dofb jf ;"rgf tfd]n ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu
jf cGo s'g} sfg"g;Ddt ;"rgfx? k|fKt ug]{ clVtof/ k|bfg
u/L lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ePsf] jf sDkgLsf]
k|wfg sfof{no /x]sf] d'n'ssf] sfg"gsf] /Lt k'¥ofO{ sDkgLsf]
clwsf/k|fKt k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ul/Psf] clVtof/gfdfsf]
k|ltlnlk sfof{no;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbPsf] clVtof/gfdfdf cGo
s'/fsf] cltl/Qm sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 jf sDkgLsf] lj?4df
rnfOg] d'2f dfldnf;DaGwL Dofb jf ;"rgf jf cGo sfg"gL
;"rgfx? clVtof/k|fKt k|ltlglwnfO{ a'emfO{Pdf ;f] h'g;'s}
k|of]hgsf nflu klg sDkgLnfO{ aGwgsf/L x'g] s'/f pNn]v
ug'{ kg]{5 .
!%*= ljb]zL sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]hL tyf lnSjL8];g M -!_ bkmf !%$
adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfn /fHoleq
;~rfng u/]sf] sf/f]af/ aGb u/L cfˆgf] btf{ vf/]h u/fpg
rfx]df jf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
To:tf] sDkgLn] g]kfn /fHoleq Joj;fo jf sf/f]af/ ug{
gkfpg] u/L /f]s nufPdf To:tf] sDkgLn] btf{ vf/]hLsf]
nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/;lxt sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgj]bg lbg] ljb]zL sDkgLn]
g]kfn /fHoleq /x]sf] s'g} JolQm, ;+:yf jf ;/sf/L jf u}/
;/sf/L lgsfonfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ s'g} bfloTj g/x]sf] s'/f
olsg x'g] ;a't k|df0f;d]t lgj]bg;fy k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] ;a'b k|df0f ;fFrf] xf] jf
xf]Og ;f] a'‰gsf nflu sfof{non] ;f] sDkgLn] s;}nfO{ s'g}
bfloTj ltg{ a'emfpg 5 jf 5}g ;f] ;DaGwdf PSsfO; lbgsf]
Dofb lbO{ ;a'b ;fy bfaL k]z ug{ /fli6«o:t/sf]
b}lgsklqsfdf sDtLdf b'O{k6s ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k|sflzt ;"rgfadf]lhd
s;}sf] bfaL k/]df To:tf] bfaL km5\of}{6 u/]sf] ;a't ;DalGwt
sDkgLn] sfof{no;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] sDkgLpk/
pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k/]sf] bfaL To:tf] sDkgLsf] g]kfn
/fHodf /x]sf] hfoh]yfaf6 km5\of}{6 x'g g;s]df To:tf]
sDkgLsf] g]kfn /fHoaflx/ /x]sf] hfoh]yfaf6 km5\of}{6 ug'{
kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq s;}sf] s'g} bfaL
gk/]df jf k/]sf] bfaL pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd km5\of}{6 ePsf]
;a't k]z ePdf sfof{non] ljb]zL sDkgLsf] btf{lstfaaf6
To:tf] sDkgLsf] gfd x6fO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt
sDkgLnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
76
-^_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd g]kfndf btf{ ePsf] ljb]zL
sDkgLn] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ul//x]sf] d'n'sdWo] s'g} d'n'ssf]
sfg"gadf]lhd To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;DaGwdf bfdf;fxLsf] k|lqmof
z'? ePdf To:tf] ljb]zL sDkgLsf] bkmf !%& adf]lhd
clVtof/L kfPsf] k|ltlglwn] cljnDj sfof{nonfO{ lnlvt
;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 / To:tf] ;"rgf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf]
nflu g]kfn /fHoaf6 k|sfzg x'g] /fli6«o:t/sf]
b}lgsklqsfdf;d]t lghn] k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
t/ To:tf] sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]hLsf] cfb]z hf/L
eO;s]sf] eP To:tf] ljb]zL sDkgLn] g]kfn /fHoleq cfˆgf]
sf/f]af/ jf Joj;fo aGb ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -^_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zadf]lhd s'g}
ljb]zL sDkgLn] sf/f]af/ jf Joj;fo aGb u/]sf]df To:tf]
sDkgLn] g]kfn /fHoleq u/]sf] sf/f]af/ jf Joj;fo
;DaGwdf bfdf;fxL;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b–!&
d'2f dfldnfsf] sf/afxL / b08 ;hfo
!%(= o; P]g cGtu{tsf] d'2f;DaGwL ph'/L / sf/afxL M -!_ o;
P]g cGtu{t s'g} sfd s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf sfof{no, sDkgLsf
;~rfns, kbflwsf/L, z]o/wgL jf ;b:o jf ;fx" jf
;/f]sf/jfnf cGo s'g} JolQmsf] ph'/Laf6 dfq d'2f bfo/ x'g
/ sf/afxL rNg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ o; P]gadf]lhd sfof{non] g} sf/afxL ug]{ egL
:ki6 ls6fgL ePsf]df afx]s o; P]gadf]lhd ;hfo x'g]
s;"/;DaGwL d'2f, o; P]gsf ljleGg bkmfx¿df cbfntdf
ph'/L jf lgj]bg lbg ;lsg] egL pNn]v ePsf] ljifo / lauf]
Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg]nufotsf] ljifodf sf/afxL tyf lsgf/f ug]{
clwsf/ cbfntnfO{ x'g]5 .
 -#_ cbfntn] o; P]gadf]lhd d'2fsf] sf/afxL /
lsgf/f ubf{ ;+lIfKt sfo{ljlw P]g, @)@* sf] sfo{ljlw
ckgfpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ cGtu{t sfof{no jf cbfntn] u/]sf]
lg0f{o jf lbPsf] cfb]zpk/ k}+tL; lbgleq g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f
;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] ;xdlt lnO{ tf]lsPsf] cbfntdf
k'g/fj]bg nfUg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
o; P]gadf]lhd d'2f dfldnf tyf cGo sfd sf/afxL ug{
g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L cbfnt
gtf]s];Dd bkmf !^( adf]lhd ul7t sDkgL af]8{n] o; P]g
cGtu{t ;DalGwt cbfntsf] If]qflwsf/ u|x0f ug]{5 .
!^)= krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j}
;hfo x'g] M b]xfosf] sfd ug]{ b]xfosf JolQmnfO{ aL;
xhf/b]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b
jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] s'g} ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Ln]
sDkgLsf] s'g} sfuhkqdf ablgot jf å]ifk"0f{
nfk/afxL;fy s'g} em'¶f s'/f pNn]v u/L sDkgL
jf s'g} JolQmnfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPsf] eP
To:tf] ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-v_ sDkgLsf] s'g} ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Ln] o;
P]gadf]lhd /fVg' kg]{ lx;falstfa jf n]vf,
>]:tf g/fv]df jf /fVg gnufPdf jf bafPdf
jf n'sfPdf jf gf]S;fg u/]df To:tf] JolQmnfO{,
-u_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfsn] cfˆgf] st{Jo kfngsf]
l;nl;nfdf cfˆgf] k|ltj]bgdf å]ifk"0f{ nfk/afxL
jf ablgot;fy em'¶f s'/f n]v]df jf
77
n]vfk/LIf0f ubf{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] l6Kk0fL ug{
5'6fPdf To:tf] n]vfk/LIfsnfO{,
-3_ lnSjL8]6/n] å]ifk"0f{, nfk/afxL jf ablgot;fy
;fx"x¿sf] ;ef gaf]nfPdf jf k|fyldstfsf]
qmdljk/Lt C0f jf bfloTj e'Qmfg u/]df jf
o; P]gadf]lhd /fVg' kg]{ lx;falstfa / n]vf
g/fv]df jf a'‰g' kg]{ lx;fa sfuhkq ga'em]df
jf em'¶f n]vf /fv]df jf lbg' kg]{ k|ltj]bg
glbPdf jf cfˆgf] axfn 6'6]kl5 a'emfpg' kg]{
gub, lhG;L jf >]:tf ga'emfPdf To:tf]
lnSjL8]6/nfO{,
-ª_ cfˆgf] lhDdfsf] sfuhkq, n]vf, gubL, lhG;L
cfk"m axfn 6'6]kl5 jf sDkgL vf/]h ug]{ cfb]z
k|fKt ePkl5 o; P]gadf]lhd xfnjfnfnfO{
ga'emfPdf jf xfnjfnfn] ga'em]df ;f] ga'emfpg]
jf ga'‰g] ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L tyf
sd{rf/LnfO{,
-r_ sfof{nodf btf{ x'g'cl3 g} sDkgLsf] ljj/0fkq
hf/L ug]{ jf ljj/0fkqdf em'¶f ljj/0f lbg]
;~rfns jf kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-5_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] clwsf/If]q g3fO{ jf
sDkgLsf] sfo{If]qaflx/sf] sfd u/]df ;f] ug]{
jf ug{ cfb]z lbg] ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-h_ o; P]gadf]lhdsf] ljj/0f glbg] jf em'¶f ljj/0f
lbg] z]o/wgLnfO{,
-em_ sDkgLsf] gubL jf lhG;L lxgfldgf ug]{ jf
df:g] jf sDkgLsf] gubL jf lhG;L ;~rfns
;ldlt jf ;fwf/0f ;efsf] :jLs[lt ljgf lghL
sfddf k|of]u ug]{ jf sDkgLsf] lgodfg';f/
 k]ZsL km5\of}{6 gug]{ jf sfof{non] lbPsf] cfb]z
kfngf gug{] / sDkgLsf] ljj/0f bflvnf gug]{
;~rfns, kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/LnfO{,
-`_ o; P]gadf]lhd sDkgL, sfof{no, cbfnt jf
cGo lgsfodf ljj/0f jf hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{
st{Jo ePsf ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/Ln] To:tf]
ljj/0f jf hfgsf/L glbPdf To:tf] ;~rfns
jf kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-6_ s'g} sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug{ cfk"m cof]Uo
ePsf] Joxf]/f yfxf kfP kl5 klg ;DalGwt
sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ug]{ n]vfk/LIfsnfO{,
-7_ cfk"mnfO{ k|fKt gePsf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ jf
k|fKt clVtof/Laflx/ uO{ sfo{ ug]{ ;~rfns jf
kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-8_ o; P]gsf] ljk/Lt n]vf /fVg] ;~rfns tyf
kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-9_ o; P]g adf]lhd z]o/wgLnfO{ pknAw u/fpg'
kg]{ ;+lIfKt cfly{s ljj/0f, jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f jf k|ltj]bg pknAw gu/fpg] ;~rfns
tyf kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-0f_ o; P]gdf ul/Psf] Joj:yfljk/Lt x'g] u/L
sDkgLaf6 s'g} C0f ;'ljwf jf kfl/>lds lng]
jf lbg] ;~rfns, cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL tyf
sDkgLnfO{,
-t_ sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg cbfntsf] :jLs[lt
dfu ubf{ ;fx"sf] gfd 9fF6\g], n'sfpg] jf
sDkgLn] lnPsf] C0fsf] af/]df em'¶f ljj/0f lbg]
78
sDkgL, ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L, sd{rf/L jf cGo
s'g} JolQmnfO{,
-y_ o; P]gsf] ljk/Lt z]o/ jf l8a]~r/ laqmL ug]{
k|fOe]6 sDkgL, To:tf] sDkgLsf ;~rfns tyf
z]o/wgLnfO{,
-b_ o; P]gsf] ljk/Lt g]kfn /fHoleq Joj;fo jf
sf/f]af/ ug]{ ljb]zL sDkgL, To:tf] sDkgLsf
;~rfns, sd{rf/L jf k|ltlglwnfO{,
-w_ l8a]~r/jfnfx?sf] lxtljk/Lt sfo{ ug]{ l8a]~r/
6«i6L, To:tf] 6«i6Lsf] ;~rfns jf
kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-g_ bkmf $^ sf] pkbkmf -&_ sf] k|lts"n sfd ug]{
JolQmnfO{,
-k_ bkmf ^) adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ sfo{ gug]{ ;~rfns
jf kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-km_ o; P]gadf]lhd sDkgL btf{ gu/L sDkgL
zAbsf] k|of]u u/L sf/f]af/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{,
-a_ bkmf !$! jf bkmf !&% adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L jf
;"rgf pknAw gu/fpg] sDkgL, ;~rfns jf
kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-e_ bkmf $& adf]lhd dfu ul/Psf] hfgsf/L
pknAw gu/fpg] sDkgLsf] z]o/wgL jf ;f]
bkmf cg';f/ z]o/wgLaf6 k|fKt hfgsf/L
sfof{nodf k]z gug]{ sDkgL, ;~rfns tyf
kbflwsf/LnfO{,
 -d_ bkmf !)% sf] ljk/Lt sfo{ ug]{ ;~rfns tyf -r_ bkmf !$^ jf !$& sf] Joj:yf pNn+3g ug]{ jf o;
kbflwsf/LnfO{, P]g cg';f/ /fVg' kg]{ clen]v, lstfa jf ljj/0f
g/fVg] ;~rfns tyf kbflwsf/LnfO{,
-o_ sfof{non]k6s–k6s lnlvt cfb]z lb+bf jf ;f]
;Dej geP ;~rf/ dfWoddfk{mt ;"rgf lb+bf -5_ kl/R5]b!* df ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] ljk/Lt sfo{ ug]{ jf
klg cfˆgf] /lhi68{ sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf pQm kl/R5]bdf lgwf{l/t st{Jo tyf bfloTj k"/f gug]{
sfof{nonfO{ pknAw gu/fpg] sDkgLsf] k|aGw sDkgL, ;~rfns, n]vfk/LIfs, kbflwsf/L tyf
;~rfns, ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/LnfO{, sd{rf/LnfO{,
-/_ bkmf %) sf] ljk/Lt sfo{ ug]{ sDkgL, -h_ o; P]gadf]lhd af]nfpg' kg]{ ;fwf/0f ;ef jf
;~rfns, cfwf/e"t z]o/wgL tyf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s gaf]nfPdf jf ;fwf/0f ;ef
kbflwsf/LnfO{, jf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] ;"rgf gk7fPdf jf
;fwf/0f ;ef x'g'eGbf cufj} z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ pknAw
!^!= krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g] M b]xfosf s;"/ ug]{ u/fpg' kg]{ lnvtx¿ tof/ g/fv]df jf ;efdf k|:t't
JolQmnfO{ bz xhf/b]lv krf; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug'{ kg]{ sfuhkq k|:t't gu/]df ;f] /fVg' jf ug'{ kg]{
x'g]5 M– jf ;ef af]nfpg' kg]{ jf ;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{ st{Jo
ePsf ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf JolQmnfO{ .
-s_ o; P]gsf] Joj:yf pNn+3g u/L z]o/ afF8kmfF8 u/]df
;f] ug]{ kbflwsf/L jf JolQmnfO{, -em_ bkmf &% sf] pkbkmf -!_ / bkmf (& sf] pkbkmf -&_
adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o clen]vdf jf o; P]gadf]lhd
-v_ o; P]glj?4 sDkgLsf] df}Hbft k"FhLaf6 ;f]xL tof/ ug'{ kg]{ / sDkgL jf sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{
sDkgLn] cfˆgf] jf cfˆgf] d'Vo sDkgLsf] z]o/ vl/b cGo ljj/0f jf k|ltj]bgdf jf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{
u/]df jf o; P]gljk/Lt nufgL u/]df To:tf] ;"rgf jf hfgsf/Ldf geP gu/]sf] s'/fnfO{ eP u/]sf]
sDkgLsf] k|To]s ;~rfnsnfO{, egL / eP u/]sf] s'/fnfO{ geP gu/]sf] egL e"m§f
-u_ n]vfk/LIfsn] vf]h]sf] avt lghnfO{ lx;falstfa lnvt jf sfuhft Joxf]/f pNn]v ug]{ kbflwsf/LnfO{ .
gb]vfPdf jf glbPdf ;f] b]vfpg' jf lbg' kg]{ st{Jo -`_ bkmf !@^ sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;~rfnsx?n]
ePsf kbflwsf/L jf JolQmnfO{, u/]sf] pb\3f]if0f e"m§f 7x/]df To:tf] e"m§f pb\3f]if0f ug]{
-3_ P]gdf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg k|:t't gug]{ ;~rfnsnfO{,
n]vfk/LIfsnfO{, -6_ o; P]gadf]lhd ljb]zL sDkgLn] sfof{nodf k]z ug'{
-ª_ bkmf !&@ sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf kg]{ lnvt jf sfuhftsf] e"m§f] jf unt cg'jfb ug]{
gldnfpg] sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, Joj:yfks tyf jf To;nfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ JolQmnfO{ .
kbflwsf/LnfO{,
79
!^@= aL; xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf x'g] M bkmf !^) / !^! df
n]lvPb]lv afx]s o; P]gadf]lhd cfk"mn] ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfd
s'/f gug]{ jf ug{ gx'g] sfd s'/f ug]{ jf st{Jo kfngf gug]{
jf ug'{ kg]{ sfd s'/f klg Dofb g3fO{ jf /Lt gk'¥ofO{ ug]{ jf
sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{ s'/fsf] hfgsf/L glbg] jf
sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0f k]z gug]{ sDkgL jf
sDkgLsf ;DalGwt ;~rfns, k|aGw ;~rfns, k|aGws,
sDkgL ;lrj jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cbfntn] kfFr xhf/b]lv aL;
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf ug]{5 .
!^#= gf]S;fgL lauf] e/fpg] M s'g} sDkgLsf] ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L
jf s'g} JolQmn] o; P]gdf n]lvPadf]lhd s'g} ;hfo x'g]
s;"/ u/L jf o; P]g jf k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnL jf
;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf ul/Psf] s'g} Joj:yfsf] pNn+3g u/L
sDkgL jf z]o/wgL jf ;fx" jf c? s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} xflg,
gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPdf dsf{ kg]{ sDkgL, z]o/wgL, ;fx" jf s'g}
JolQmn] gf]S;fgLsf] lauf] e/fO{ lng kfpg]5 . o:tf]
gf]S;fgLsf] lauf] lghn] cfˆgf] 3/ 3/fgfaf6 Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b–!*
n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt
!^$= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt M -!_ tLg s/f]8 ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf a9L
r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] ;"rLs[t sDkgL jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf
cf+lzs :jfldTj ePsf] sDkgLn] sDkgLsf] b}lgs
sfo{;~rfng jf Joj:yfkgfdf ;+nUg g/x]sf] ;~rfnssf]
cWoIftfdf sDtLdf tLghgf ;b:o /x]sf] Ps n]vfk/LIf0f
;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] glhssf] gft]bf/ /x]sf]
s'g} JolQm pkbkmf -!_ cg';f/ ul7t n]vf k/LIf0f ;ldltsf]
;b:o x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
80
-#_ n]vf k/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sDtLdf Pshgf ;b:o
n]vf;DaGwL Jofj;flos k|df0fkq k|fKt cg'ejL JolSt jf
n]vf, jfl0fHo, Joj:yfkg, ljQ jf cy{zf:qdf sDtLdf
:gftssf] pkflw k|fKt u/L n]vf tyf ljQLo If]qdf
cg'ejk|fKt JolSt x'g' kg]{5 .
-$_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd sf/afxLsf] 5f]6s/L
laj/0f, n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] s'g} ;'emfj lbPsf] eP To:tf
;'emfjx? sfof{Gjog ug{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] cjnDag u/]sf]
sfo{gLlt, n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf ;b:ox?n] s'g} eQf jf
;'ljwf k|fKt u/]sf] eP ;f] s'/f / n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf
;b:ox?sf] gfd;d]t sDkgLn] tof/ ug'{ kg]{ ;~rfns
;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] s'g} ljifodf ;f]wk'5 ug{
sDkgLsf] k|aGw ;~rfns, sDkgLsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf
sDkgLsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfngdf ;+nUg cGo ;~rfns,
n]vfk/LIfs, cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIfs tyf n]vf k|d'vnfO{ ;"rgf
lbO{ a}7sdf af]nfpg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] ;"rgf ePdf ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf pkl:yt x'g' lghx?sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-^_ sDkgLsf] n]vf tyf ljQLo Joj:yfsf] af/]df
n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] lbPsf] ;'emfjnfO{ ;~rfns ;ldltn]
sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{5 / s'g} ;'emfj sfof{Gjog ug{ g;lsg]
eP To;sf] sf/0f;d]t ;~rfns ;ldltn] k|ltj]bgdf
v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ sDkgLn] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] lhDd]jf/L cg';f/sf]
sfo{ ug{ kof{Kt ;fwg tyf >f]tsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg' kg]{5 /
n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltn] cfˆgf] cfGtl/s sfo{ljlw cfkm} lgoldt
ug]{5 .
 -*_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] cWoIf sDkgLsf] jflif{s
;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yt x'g' kg]{5 .
-(_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/
a:g]5 .
!^%= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M bkmf !^$ sf]
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ul7t n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd,
st{Jo tyf clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ sDkgLsf] n]vf tyf ljQLo laj/0fx?
-lkmgflG;on :6]6d]G6_ sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{ / To:tf
ljj/0fx?df plNnlvt tYosf] ;Totf olsg ug]{,
-v_ sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s ljQLo lgoGq0f k|0ffnL
-OG6/gn lkmgfG;Lon sG6«f]n l;i6d_ tyf hf]lvd
Joj:yfkg k|0ffnL -l/:s Dofg]hd]G6 l;i6d_ sf]
k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{,
!^^= d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgL :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ o;
-u_ sDkgLsf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f;DaGwL sfo{sf]
;'k/Lj]If0f tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{,
-3_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu ;+efljt
n]vfk/LIfsx?sf] gfd l;kmfl/; ug]{ / lghsf]
kfl/>lds tyf lgo'lQmsf zt{x? lgwf{/0f u/L
cg'df]bgsf] nflu ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug]{],
-ª_ sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIfsn] n]vfk/LIf0f;DaGwL sfo{ ubf{
kfngf ug'{ kg]{ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clwsf/k|fKt
lgsfon] lgwf{/0f u/]sf cfr/0f, dfkb08 tyf
lgb]{lzsf kfng u/] jf gu/]sf] s'/fsf] /]vb]v tyf
k'g/fjnf]sg ug]{,
-r_ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clwsf/k|fKt lgsfon] tof/
u/]sf] cfr/0f, dfkb08 tyf lgb]{lzsfsf] cfwf/df
81
n]vfk/LIfssf] lgo'lQm tyf 5gf}6sf] ;DaGwdf
sDkgLn] cjnDag ug'{ kg]{ gLlt to ug],{
-5_ sDkgLsf] n]vf;DaGwL gLlt tof/ u/L nfu" ug]{
u/fpg],
-h_ s'g} lgodgsf/L lgsfon] sDkgLsf] n]vfk/LIf0f
k|ltj]bgdf v'nfpg' kg]{ lj:t[t ljj/0f -n+u kmd{
cl86 l/kf]6{_ sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf]
ljj/0f tof/ ug{ cfjZos zt{x? k"/f ug]{,
-em_ sDkgLsf] n]vf, ljQLo Joj:yf tyf n]vfk/LIf0fsf]
;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]lslbPsf] cGo sfo{
ug]{ .
kl/R5]b–!(
d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgL;DaGwL Joj:yf
P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g} k]zf jf
Joj;fosf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{g ug{ jf s'g} vf; k]zf jf
Joj;fodf nfu]sf JolQmx?sf] ;fd"lxs xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f
ug{ jf s'g} z}lIfs, k|fl1s, ;fdflhs, k/f]ksf/L jf
;fj{hlgs pkof]lutf jf sNof0fsf/L p2]Zo k|flKtsf] nflu
nfef+z afF8L lng gkfpg] zt{df s'g} pBd ug{ sDkgL
;+:yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt p2]Zo k|fKt ug{sf] nflu
sDkgL btf{ ug{ rfxg] s'g} JolQm jf k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/
btf{ ePsf ;fj{hlgs u'7Lsf ;~rfns jf k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd ;+:yfkgf ePsf cGo ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] bkmf $
adf]lhd sfof{no;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5g\ .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ug]{
;+:yfksx?sf] ;+Vof sDtLdf kfFr x'g' kg]5
{ / To:tf]
 sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ePkl5 kfFrhgfdf g36\g] u/L o;sf
;b:ox?sf] ;+Vof hlt;'s} klg x'g ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgLsf] ;b:otf
s'g} Joxf]/fn] x:tfGt/0f x'g ;Sg] 5}g . s'g} ;b:osf] d[To'
ePdf, btf{ vf/]h jf lj36g ePdf jf cGo ;+:yf jf
sDkgLdf uflePdf To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf :jtM
;dfKt x'g]5 .
-%_ sfof{non] k"j{:jLs[lt lbPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgLn] cfˆgf] gfdsf]
;fydf æsDkgLÆ, ælnld6]8Æ jf æk|fOe]6 lnld6]8Æ h:tf
zAbx? n]Vg' kg]{ 5}g .
-^_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] sDkgLn] zfvf
lj:tf/ ubf{ sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
!^&= d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgL;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yfx? M -!_
o; P]g jf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg bkmf !^^ adf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgLsf] b]xfosf
s'/fx?df b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ug{ z]o/
k"FhL cfjZos kg]{ 5}g .
t/ sDkgLn] cfˆgf ;b:ox?af6
;b:otf z'Ns k|fKt ug{ / cfˆgf] p2]Zo k"/f
ug{ sfg"gadf]lhd bfg, cg'bfg k|fKt ug{
;Sg]5 .
-v_ sDkgLsf] s'g} ;b:on] lnlvt ?kdf :jLsf/
u/]sf] cj:yfdf afx]s sDkgLsf] C0f jf
bfloTjdf o;sf ;b:ox? lhDd]jf/ x'g] 5}gg\
/ s'g} ;b:on] bfloTjsf] xb tf]ls lnlvt ?kdf
82
sDkgLsf] bfloTj :jLsf/ u/]sf] eP ;f]sf]
xb;Dd dfq lghsf] bfloTj ;Lldt /xg]5 .
-u_ z]o/ k"FhL ePsf] sDkgLnfO{ dfq nfu" x'g ;Sg]
Joj:yfx?afx]s ;"rLs[t sDkgLnfO{ nfu" x'g]
o; P]gsf ;Dk"0f{ Joj:yfx? sDkgL, o;sf
;~rfns, kbflwsf/L, n]vfk/LIfs tyf
sd{rf/LnfO{;d]t nfu" x'g]5g\ .
-3_ sDkgLn] k|fKt u/]sf] d'gfkmfaf6 nfef+z, jf]g;
jf cGo s'g} /sd o;sf ;b:o jf sd{rf/LnfO{
ljt/0f ug]{ 5}g / sDkgLn] cfh{g u/]sf]
d'gfkmf sDkgLsf] k"FhL a[l4 ug{ jf To;sf]
p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu vr{ ul/g]5 .
-ª_ sDkgLn] cfˆgf] p2]Zodf kl/jt{g ubf{
sfof{nosf] k"j{:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-r_ d'gfkmf ljt/0f gug]{ sDkgL d'gfkmf ljt/0f ug]{
sDkgLdf ufleg ;Sg] 5}g .
-5_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgLsf
;b:ox?n] cfk"mdWo]af6 Ps ;b:o Ps dtsf]
lx;fan] lgodfjnLdf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] ;+Vofdf
;~rfnsx? lgjf{rg ug]{5g\ .
-h_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgLdf sfd
ug]{ kbflwsf/Ln] kfpg] a}7s eQf, tna, ;'ljwf
tyf sDkgLsf] ;+:yfkgf vr{ / ;~rfng vr{
sfof{non] tf]s]eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g / sfof{non]
o;/L vr{ tf]Sbf To:tf] sDkgLsf] k"FhLut
cj:yf tyf d'gfkmfnfO{ cfwf/ lng' kg]{5 .
-em_ o; kl/R5]badf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgL lj36g
ePdf jf btf{ vf/]hLdf k/]df sDkgLsf] C0f
 tyf bfloTj km5\of}{6 u/L afFsL /x]sf] hfoh]yf
sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf s'g} Joj:yf ul/Psf]
eP ;f]xLadf]lhd / Joj:yf gePsf]df g]kfn
;/sf/df ;g]{5 .
t/ To:tf] hfoh]yf s'g} klg lsl;dn]
To:tf] sDkgLsf] ;+:yfks jf ;b:o jf lghsf]
glhssf] gft]bf/ jf lghsf] glhssf] gft]bf/
;+:yfks jf ;b:o ePsf] ;+:yf jf sDkgLdf
;g]{ 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPsf] Joj:yf pNn+3g ePdf
sfof{non] To;/L pNn+3g ug]{ sDkgLsf] btf{ vf/]h ug{
;Sg]5 .
t/ btf{ vf/]h ug'{cl3 sDkgLnfO{ ;kmfO{sf] df}sf lbg'
kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sfof{non] btf{ vf/]h u/]sf]
lg0f{opk/ lrQ ga'‰g] JolQmn] To:tf] lg0f{o ePsf] hfgsf/L
k|fKt u/]sf] k}+tL; lbgleq cbfntdf ph'/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sfof{non] btf{ vf/]h ubf{
o:tf] sDkgLsf] vf/]hLsf] sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ vf/]h ul/;Sg'
kg]{ ;dofjlw tf]sL lnSjL8]6/ tyf n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ug'{
kg]{5 .
!^(= sDkgL af]8{;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ o; P]gdf ul/Psf]
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm lnSjL8]6/ tyf
n]vfk/LIfsn] o; P]g tyf k|rlnt sfg"gdf ul/Psf] Joj:yf
cg';f/ cfˆgf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug'{ kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b–@)
sDkgL ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{ tyf sDkgL af]8{;DaGwL cGtl/d Joj:yf
83
!^*= sDkgL ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{sf] u7g M -!_ of] P]g tyf sDkgL
k|zf;g;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gsf] sfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf
Jofjxfl/s ;d:ofx?sf] cWoog u/L k|rlnt sDkgL sfg"gdf
;fdlos ;'wf/ ug]{ ljifodf / sDkgL k|zf;gsf] ;'wf/sf
;DaGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k/fdz{
lbgsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg
u/L ;/sf/L tyf lghL If]qsf sfg"g, n]vf Joj;fo, s/
k|zf;g, jfl0fHo jf Jofkf/ k|zf;g k|To]s If]qaf6 ;f]
ljifodf sDtLdf :gftsf]Q/ pQL0f{ u/L sDtLdf ;ft jif{
sfo{ u/L ljz]if1tf xfl;n u/]sf] Ps Pshgf JolQm / g]kfn
pBf]u jfl0fHo dxf;+3sf] k|ltlglw;d]t /xg] u/L a9Ldf
gf}hgf ;b:o /x]sf] sDkgL ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{sf] u7g ug]{5 .
/lhi6«f/ sDkgL ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{sf] ;b:o–;lrj x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{sf] u7g ubf{
;f]xL ;"rgfdf ;f] af]8{sf ;b:ox?dWo]af6 s'g} Ps
;b:onfO{ cWoIfsf] sfd ug{] u/L tf]lsg]5 .
-#_ sDkgL ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd
u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
;DalGwt dGqfnodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] k|ltj]bg ;DalGwt
dGqfnon] ;fj{hlgs ug'{sf] ;fy} plrt d"Nodf ;j{;fwf/0fn]
k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
Joj:yfadf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/n] cbfnt gtf]s];Dd g]kfn
;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L
b]xfoadf]lhdsf] cWoIf tyf ;b:o /xg] u/L] tLg ;b:oLo
sDkgL af]8{ u7g ug]{5 M–
-s_ sfg"gdf :gfts eO{ jfl0fHo
sfg"gsf] If]qdf cg'ej ePsf]
 lhNnf Gofoflwz jf lhNnf
GofofwLz eO;s]sf] jf x'g of]Uotf
k'u]sf] JolQm – cWoIf
-v_ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd clwjQmfsf]
?kdf btf{ eO{ jfl0fHo sfg"gsf]
If]qdf sDtLdf bz jif{ sfg"g
Joj;fo u/]sf] jf g]kfn Gofo
;]jfsf] /fhkqflÍt låtLo >]0fLsf]
kbdf sDtLdf rf/ jif{ sfd u/]sf]
JolQm – ;b:o
-u_ Joj:yfkg, jfl0fHo zf:q jf n]vf
ljifodf :gfts eO{ sDkgL
Joj:yfkg, s/ k|zf;g jf n]vf
If]qdf sDtLdf bz jif{;Dd sfd
u/]sf] jf n]vf;DaGwL Jofj;flos
k|df0fkq k|fKt u/L n]vf
Joj;fodf sDtLdf kfFr jif{sf]
cg'ejk|fKt n]vf Joj;foL – ;b:o
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_, -v_ jf -u_ df h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf !^* adf]lhd ul7t sDkgL
;Nnfxsf/ af]8{sf ;b:ox?dWo]af6 ;f]xL v08x?df
plNnlvt of]Uotf k'u]sf s'g} ;b:onfO{ o; bkmf cg';f/
u7g x'g] sDkgL af]8{sf] cWoIf jf ;b:osf] ?kdf;d]t sfd
ug]{ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg
u/L tf]Sg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] af]8{n] o;
P]gadf]lhd cbfntnfO{ k|fKt clwsf/If]qsf] k|of]u ug]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd ul7t sDkgL af]8{n]
pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd clwsf/If]qsf] k|of]u u/L d'2f
84
dfldnfsf] sf/afxL / lsgf/f ubf{ b]xfoadf]lhd
ug]{5 M–
-s_ cfˆgf] clwsf/If]qsf] k|of]u tLghgf ;b:on]
;fd"lxs ?kdf ug]{5g\ .
t/ cWoIf / csf]{ Ps ;b:o pkl:yt
ePdf d'2fsf] sf/afxL tyf lsgf/f ug{ /
cWoIfafx]s cGo b'O{hgf ;b:o pkl:yt ePdf
d'2fsf] sf/afxL ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-v_ tLghgf ;b:o pkl:yt ePdf ;a} ;b:osf]
Psdt jf b'O{ ;b:osf] ax'dt sfod eP ;f]xL
dt sDkgL af]8{sf] lg0f{o dflgg]5 .
-u_ b'O{ ;b:o dfq pkl:yt eO{ b'j} ;b:osf]
Psdt sfod ePdf sDkgL af]8{sf] lg0f{o
dflgg]5 .
-3_ b'O{ ;b:o pkl:yt ePsf] cj:yfdf Psdt
sfod x'g g;s]df sf/afxLsf] xsdf cWoIf
pkl:yt eP cWoIfsf] /foadf]lhd /
cWoIfafx]s cGo ;b:o pkl:yt ePdf jl/i7
;b:osf] /foadf]lhd ug'{ kg{]5 / km};nf jf
clGtd cfb]zsf xsdf klxn] cg'kl:yt /xg]
;b:o;dIf k]z u/L lghn] ;dy{g u/]sf]
/fonfO{ sDkgL af]8{sf] lg0f{o dflgg]5 .
-ª_ tLghgf ;b:o pkl:yt ePsf] cj:yfdf
tLghgf ;b:osf] dt km/s–km/s ePdf jf
v08 -3_ adf]lhd klxn] cg'kl:yt /xg]
;b:o;dIf k]z x'Fbf klg ax'dt sfod x'g
gcfPsf]df sf/afxLsf xsdf cWoIfsf]
/foadf]lhd ug'{ kg{]5 / km};nf jf clGtd
 cfb]zsf] xsdf k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg] cbfntdf
;fws hfx]/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ sDkgL af]8{n] d'2fsf] sfo{af]em x]/L g]kfn /fHoleq
cGo s'g} :yfgdf klg s'g} lglZrt cjlwsf] nflu cfˆgf]
d'sfd sfod u/L d'2fsf] sf/afxL / lsgf/f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ sDkgL af]8{n] d'2f dfldnfsf] sf/afxL / lsgf/f
ubf{ ;+lIfKt sfo{ljlw P]g, @)@* adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw
ckgfpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ o; bkmfadf]lhd s'g} d'2f dfldnfsf] ;DaGwdf
sDkgL af]8{n] u/]sf] lg0f{opk/ lrQ ga'‰g] kIfn] lg0f{osf]
hfgsf/L k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq ;DalGwt
k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ o; bkmfadf]lhd lgo'Qm jf tf]lsPsf] cWoIf tyf
;b:osf] kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf / ;]jfsf cGo zt{
tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
t/ Psk6s lbOPsf] kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf 36fpg]
u/L ;]jf zt{ tf]lsg] 5}g .
-(_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
of] P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt sDkgL P]g, @)%# adf]lhd u7g
eO{ sfod /x]sf] sDkgL af]8{ o; P]gadf]lhdsf] sDkgL af]8{
u7g geP;Dd sfod /xg]5 .
-!)_ of] P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt pkbkmf -(_
adf]lhdsf] sDkgL af]8{df bfo/ eO{ sf/afxLdf /x]sf jf
lg0f{o x'g afFsL /x]sf d'2fx? / tT;DaGwL lgj]bgx? of] P]g
k|f/De ePkl5 o; bkmfadf]lhd Joj:yf ePsf] sDkgL
af]8{df ;g]{5g\ / To:tf] af]8{af6 g} To:tf d'2fx?sf] sf/afxL
/ lsgf/f x'g]5 .
85
!&)= sDkgL ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{ / sDkgL af]8{sf] ;lrjfno /
sd{rf/L;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ bkmf !^* adf]lhd u7g x'g]
sDkgL ;Nnfxsf/ af]8{sf] ;lrjfno sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf]
sfof{nodf /xg]5 .
-@_ bkmf !^( adf]lhd u7g x'g] sDkgL af]8{sf]
;lrjfno pBf]u dGqfnodf /xg]5 .
-#_ sDkgL af]8{sf] ;lrjfnodf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf]
;+Vofdf sd{rf/Lx? /xg]5g\ .
!&!= sDkgL af]8{sf] lj36g M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf
;"rgf k|sfzg u/L o; P]gadf]lhd cbfnt tf]s]sf ldltb]lv
bkmf !^( adf]lhd ul7t sDkgL af]8{ :jtM lj36g x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgL af]8{ lj36g ePkl5
;f] af]8{df sfo{/t cWoIf, ;b:o tyf cGo sd{rf/Lx?sf]
lgo'lQm :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 / ;f]afkt lghx?nfO{ s'g}
Ifltk"lt{ jf yk /sd e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ 5}g . cGo
sfof{noaf6 ;f] af]8{df sfh v6fOPsf sd{rf/Lx? eP
lghx?sf] sfh :jtM ;dfKt x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgL af]8{ lj36g ePkl5
o; P]gadf]lhd ;f] af]8{df k/L sf/afxL rln/x]sf jf lg0f{o
x'g afFsL /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ d'2fx? tyf tT;DaGwL lgj]bgx?
cbfntdf ;g]{5g\ .
kl/R5]b–@!
ljljw
!&@= sDkgLsf] clen]v / sDKo"6/sf] k|of]u M -!_ o; P]gadf]lhd
sDkgLn] /fVg' kg]{ lg0f{ok'l:tsf, z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfsf]
btf{lstfa, z]o/wgLsf] ;"rL, lx;falstfa tyf n]vf cflbsf]
clen]v 5'§} lstfadf r9fO{ /fVg] u/L jf o; bkmfdf
ul/Psf] Joj:yfsf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L ljB'tLo ;~rf/ ;fwg
tyf sDKo'6/sf] dfWodaf6 k9\g g;lsg] -gg\ n]lhjn_
lsl;dn];d]t jf cGo s'g} tj/af6 clen]v v8f x'g] u/L
/fVg ;lsg]5 .
-@_ s'g} lg0f{ok'l:tsf, btf{lstfa, z]o/wgL jf
l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ;"rL, lx;falstfa tyf n]vf cflbsf]
clen]v lstfa v8f gu/L cGo s'g} tl/sfaf6 /flvPsf]
ePdf b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–
!&#= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf ;+:yfg sDkgLdf kl/0ft
-s_ o:tf] lg0f{ok'l:tsf, btf{lstfa, z]o/wgL jf
l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ;"rL jf n]vf cflbsf] clen]v
/flvPsf] 7fpFdf ;lhn};Fu kx'Fr x'g] ePdf /
To;nfO{ x]g{ jf ;f] 7fpFaf6 ;f] k|ltlnlk k|fKt
ug{ ;lsg] ePdf ;f] s'g} vf; 7fpFdf /flvPsf]
dflgg]5 .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] clen]v s;}n] laufg{ jf
km]/jbn ug{ g;Sg] / o;df clen]v ul/Psf]
s'/f ;lhn};Fu kQf nufO{ x]g{ / o;sf] k|ltlnlk
lgsfNgsf] nflu sDkgLn] kof{Kt Joj:yf ug'{
kg]{5 .
-u_ s'g} s'/f ;/;tL{ k9\g g;lsg] lsl;dn] /]s8{
ul/Psf] eP To;nfO{ ;lhn} k9\g ;lsg] u/L
l/k|f]8\o"; ug{ ;lsg] x'g' kg]{5 .
-#_ o; bkmf cg';f/ ljB'tLo ;~rf/ ;fwg jf
sDKo'6/sf] k|of]u u/L j]e ;fO6df s'g} lg0f{ok'l:tsf,
btf{lstfa, z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfsf] ;"rL, lx;falstfa
tyf n]vf cflbsf] clen]v /flvPsf] eP To;/L lnvtx?
tof/ ul/Psf] ldlt / ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] ldlt;d]t :ki6;Fu
b]lvg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ sDkgLn] o; P]gadf]lhd /fv]sf] s'g}
lg0f{ok'l:tsf, btf{lstfa, s'g} ;"rL, lx;falstfa tyf
86
n]vfsf] clen]v ;/;tL{ k9\g g;lsg] lsl;dn] -gg n]lhjn
kmd{_ clen]v u/]sf] eP / ;f]sf] lg/LIf0f ug{ lbg' kg]{ jf
;f]sf] k|ltlnlk k]z ug'{ kg]{ u/L s'g} sfg"gn] sDkgLsf]
bfloTj lgwf{/0f u/]sf] eP To:tf clen]vsf] ;fGble{s c+z
lg/LIf0f ug{ / x]g{ ;lsg] jf ;lhn};Fu k9\g ;lsg] 9fFrf
-n]lhjn kmd{_ df o;sf] k|ltlnlk k]z ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf
ldnfpg' sDkgLsf] bfloTj x'g]5 .
x'g ;Sg] M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs :jfldTj /xg]
u/L k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd ;+:yflkt ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg jf
ljsf; ;ldlt P]g, @)!# adf]lhdsf] ljsf; ;ldltnfO{
g]kfn ;/sf/n] sDkgLdf kl/0ft ug{ rfx]df o; P]g cg';f/
To:tf] ;+:yfg jf ;ldltnfO{ klAns sDkgLdf kl/0ft u/L
;+:yfkgf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
pkbkmf -!_adf]lhdsf] sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ubf{ ;+:yfks
z]o/wgLsf] ;+Vofdf s'g} aGb]h /xg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;+:yfg jf ;ldltsf] rn
crn ;DklQ d"NofÍg u/L pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yfkgf
x'g] sDkgLsf] z]o/ k"FhLdf kl/0ft ug{ ;lsg]5 / To;/L
kl/0ft ePdf lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s
To:tf] ;+:yfg jf ;ldltsf] ;Dk"0f{ hfoh]yf / bfloTj To:tf]
sDkgLdf ;g]{5 .
-$_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
o; bkmfadf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgLsf] ;~rfns ;+Vof
sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLdf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 / To:tf
;~rfnsn] ;~rfns x'gsf] nflu z]o/ lng' kg]{ 5}g .
 -%_ o; bkmfadf]lhdsf] sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/ lghL
If]qnfO{ lwtf]kq ahf/dfk{mt jf jftf{af6 ;f]em} Psd'i6 laqmL
ljt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!&$= ;flasjfnfn] xfnjfnfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{ M s'g} ;~rfns jf
sDkgLsf cGo s'g} kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /x]sf]
sfuhkq lghsf] axfn 6'6]kl5 lghsf] 7fpFdf sfd ug{
lgo'Qm ePsf] xfnjfnf ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/L jf
sd{rf/LnfO{ cfˆgf] axfn 6'6]sf] tL; lbgleq a'emfpg' kg]{5
/ ;f]adf]lhd ;flasjfnfn] a'emfpg cfPdf xfnjfnfn] klg
a'lemlng' kg]{5 .
!&%= ;Da4 sDkgLaLr sf/f]af/ M -!_ b]xfosf sDkgLx?aLr s'g}
Ps sDkgLn] csf]{ sDkgLnfO{ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf C0f
jf cGo lsl;dsf] cfly{s ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{, s'g} bfloTj
e'Qmfg ug,]{ hdfgt jf cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] ;'/If0f k|bfg ug]{
;Demf}tf jf Joj:yf ePsf] jf lgoldt Jofkfl/s
sf/f]af/afx]ssf] cGo s'g} sf/f]af/ ePsf]df ;Da4
sDkgLx?aLr sf/f]af/ ePsf] dflgg]5 M–
-s_ s'g} sDkgL / To;sf] d'Vo sDkgL,
-v_ s'g} sDkgL / To;sf] d'Vo sDkgLsf] cGo
;xfos sDkgL
-u_ s'g} sDkgLsf] ;xfos sDkgL / To:tf]
sDkgLsf] d'Vo sDkgL,
-3_ s'g} sDkgLsf] ;xfos sDkgL / d'Vo sDkgLsf]
cGo ;xfos sDkgL .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf/f]af/ ePdf ;Da4
sDkgLn] cfˆgf] z]o/wgL tyf sfof{nonfO{ oyf;+ej rfF8f]
To:tf] sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfosf ljj/0f;d]t vf]nL
;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 M–
87
-s_ sf/f]af/sf] ldlt / sf/f]af/df ;+nUg kIfx?,
-v_ sf/f]af/sf] k|s[lt / To:tf] sf/f]af/ cGtu{t
C0f k|bfg ug]{, cfly{s ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ tyf
;'/If0f lbg] h:tf sf/f]af/ ePsf] eP To;sf]
/sd jf d"No .
!&^= sDkgLx?aLrsf] sf/f]af/df k|ltaGw M -!_ s'g} klg
sDkgLn] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf cfˆgf] r'Qmf k"FhL /
;l~rt d'gfkmf -lk|m l/he{_ sf] ;f7L k|ltzt jf ;l~rt
d'gfkmf -lk|m l/he{_ sf] zt k|ltztn] x'g] /sddWo] h'g a9L
x'G5 ;f] /sdeGbf a9L x'g] u/L s'g} csf]{ sDkgLnfO{ ;fk6L
lbg jf s'g} csf]{ sDkgLn] lnPsf] C0fafkt hdfgt lbg jf
cGo sDkgLsf] lwtf]kqdf nufgL ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
t/ a}lÍË jf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug]{ sDkgL, aLdf sDkgL,
lwtf]kqsf] vl/b laqmL ug]{ d"n p2]Zo ePsf] sDkgL, a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 C0f glnPsf] k|fOe]6 sDkgL, ef}lts
k"jf{wf/ ;'ljwf -OGk|mf:6«Sr/ ˆofl;lnl6_ k'¥ofpg] p2]Zo
ePsf] sDkgL tyf d'Vo sDkgLn] cfˆgf] k"0f{ :jfldTj ePsf]
;xfos sDkgLdf u/]sf] nufgL, ;f] sDkgLnfO{ lbOPsf]
;fk6L / ;f] sDkgLn] lnPsf] C0fafkt lbOPsf] hdfgt tyf
o; P]gcGtu{t hf/L ePsf] xsk|b z]o/df ul/Psf] nufgLsf]
;DaGwdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] cwLgdf /xL sDkgLn] s'g} cGo
sDkgLnfO{ lbPsf] ;fk6L, To:tf] sDkgLdf u/]sf] nufgL jf
To:tf] sDkgLn] lnPsf] C0fafkt lbPsf] hdfgtsf] ;DaGwdf
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] ljj/0f /fVg' kg]{5 .
!&&= sDkgL ufleg ;Sg] M -!_ Pp6f klAns sDkgL csf]{
sDkgLdf uflegsf] lgldQ ufleg] sDkgLn] cfˆgf] ;fwf/0f
;efdf ljz]if k|:tfj kfl/t u/L pkbkmf -#_ sf] cwLgdf /xL
csf]{ sDkgLdf ufleg ;Sg]5 .
 t/ k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf cfˆgf] k|aGwkq,
lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfdf ePsf] Joj:yfadf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-@_ s'g} klAns sDkgL k|fOe]6 sDkgLdf ufleFbf jf
k|fOe]6 sDkgL klAns sDkgLdf ufleFbf klAns sDkgL
sfod /xg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ufleg] k|:tfj kfl/t ePdf
To:tf] sDkgLn] b]xfosf s'/fx¿ v'nfO{ :jLs[ltsf] nflu tL;
lbgleq sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ klAns sDkgLsf] xsdf pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf]
;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{o / k|fOe]6 sDkgL eP
ufleg] clwsf/ lbg] k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL jf
;j{;Ddt ;Demf}tfsf] tT;DaGwL Joj:yfsf]
k|ltlnlk,
-v_ ufleg] sDkgLsf] clGtd jf;nft
n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bg,
-u_ ufleg] / ufEg] sDkgLsf ;fx"x¿sf] lnlvt
;xdltkqsf] k|ltlnlk,
-3_ ufleg] sDkgLsf] rn crn ;DklQsf] d"NofÍg,
;DklQ / bfloTjsf] oyfy{ ljj/0f,
-ª_ ufleg] / ufEg] sDkgLn] ufleg] sDkgLsf
;fx"x¿ / sfdbf/ tyf sd{rf/Lsf ;DaGwdf
s'g} lg0f{o u/]sf] ePdf To:tf] lg0f{osf]
k|ltlnlk,
-r_ sDkgLx?aLr Ps cfk;df ufleg ;DkGg
ePsf] ;xdltkq -:sLd ckm P/]Ghd]G6_ .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf sfof{nodf lbPdf
;f];DaGwL cWoog u/L tLg dlxgfleq sfof{non] cfˆgf]
lg0f{osf] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-%_ sfof{noaf6 pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ufleg ;Sg]
:jLs[lt k|fKt ePkl5 ufleg] sDkgLsf ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQ tyf
bfloTjx¿ ufEg] sDkgLdf ;/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-^_ sfof{non] sDkgLsf] btf{ nutdf uflePsf]
sDkgLsf] af/]df 5'§} clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 .
-&_ sDkgLsf] k|aGwkq, lgodfjnL jf ;j{;Ddt
;Demf}tfdf cGoyf Joj:yf ePsf]df afx]s sDkgLsf]
PsLs/0f ug]{ jf ufleg] jf z]o/sf] x]/km]/ jf x:tfGt/0f jf
sDkgLsf] ;Dk"0f{ hfoh]yfsf] laqmLdf lnlvt ;xdlt
ghgfpg] z]o/wgLn] To;/L PsLs[t eO{ ufleg' jf z]o/sf]
cbnLabnL jf x:tfGt/0f jf hfoh]yfsf] laqmL x'g' cufj}
sDkgLsf] ;DklQ d"NofÍg u/fO{ cfˆgf] z]o/ cg'kftsf] /sd
/ ufleg] sDkgLaf6 lkmtf{ lng kfpg]5 .
-*_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h';;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg Psflwsf/ jf cg'lrt Jofkfl/s lgoGq0f x'g] jf
;fj{hlgs lxtsf] ljk/Lt x'g] b]lvPdf sfof{non] sDkgL
ufleg] :jLs[lt lbg] 5}g .
!&*= lgb]{zg lbg] clwsf/ M s'g} sDkgL, To;sf] ;~rfns jf
kbflwsf/L jf cGo s'g} sd{rf/Ln] o; P]g jf k|aGwkq jf
lgodfjnL jf k|fOe]6 sDkgLsf] xsdf ;j{;Ddt
;Demf}tfadf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfd sf/afxL gu/]sf] jf o;
P]g jf sDkgLsf] lgodfjnLsf] alv{nfk s'g} sfd sf/afxL
u/]sf] jf ug{ nfu]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fsf] ;"rgf sfof{nonfO{ s'g}
lsl;daf6 k|fKt ePdf sfof{non] ;f] s'/fsf] hfFra'em u/L jf
ug{ nufO{ ;f]adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfd, s'/f ug{ jf u/fpg
jf gug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfd, s'/faf6 /f]Sg ;DalGwt sDkgL,
88
 To;sf] ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfjZos
lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lgb]{zgsf] kfng ug'{ ;DalGwt
JolQmsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
!&(= af]g; z]o/ M -!_ sDkgLn] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 ljz]if k|:tfj
kfl/t u/L nfef+z afF8\g ;lsg] /sdaf6 cfˆgf]
z]o/wgLx?nfO{ af]g; z]o/ hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sDkgLn] af]g; z]o/ hf/L
ug'{ kbf{ To:tf] z]o/ hf/L ug'{ cufj} sfof{nonfO{ hfgsf/L
lbg' kg]{5 .
!*)= o; P]g jf lgodfjnLsf] alv{nfk eP u/]sf sfd sf/afxL
ab/ x'g] M o; P]g, k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLdf cGoyf Joj:yf
ul/Psf]df afx]s o; P]g, k|aGwkq jf lgodfjnLadf]lhd ug'{
kg]{ s'g} sfd, s'/f gu/L jf gug'{ kg]{ s'g} sfd, s'/f u/L
s'g} sDkgLdf jf s'g} sDkgLsf ;DaGwdf s'g} sfd sf/afxL
eP u/]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] sfd sf/afxL ab/ x'g]5 .
!*!= sDkgLsf] sf/f]af/;DaGwL ;"rgf M -!_ o; P]g, k|aGwkq /
lgodfjnLadf]lhd s'g} ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ ePdf / ;"rgf k|fKt
ug]{ JolQmn] plNnlvt ;do cufj} jf kl5 ;f] ;"rgf
cfjZos gePsf] s'/f lnlvt?kdf AoQm u/]df ;f] ;"rgf
k|fKt u/];/x dflgg]5 .
-@_ s'g} ;efdf z]o/wgL :jo+ jf k|ltlglwdfk{mt
pkl:yt ePdf lghn] o; P]g, k|aGwkq jf
lgodfjnLadf]lhd lghn] kfpg] ;"rgfsf] xs kl/Tofu u/]sf]
dflgg]5 .
!*@= nfef+z M -!_ b]xfosf cj:yfdf afx]s nfef+z lbg] lg0f{o
ePsf] k}+tfnL; lbgleq z]o/wgLx¿nfO{ nfef+z ljt/0f u/L
;Sg' kg]{5 M–
89
-s_ s'g} sfg"gn] nfef+z ljt/0f ug{af6 /f]s
nufPsf] ePdf,
-v_ nfef+z kfpg] clwsf/ ljjflbt ePdf,
-u_ sDkgLsf] sfa'aflx/sf] kl/l:yltdf jf s'g}
sf/0fjz ;f] Dofbleq nfef+z ljt/0f ug{
g;lsg] ePdf .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{ jf cf+lzs :jfldTj ePsf]
sDkgLn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{:jLs[lt lnP/ dfq nfef+z
ljt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] sDkgLn] ljt/0f ug{]
nfef+z;DaGwL ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg
;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] Dofbleq nfef+z ljt/0f gu/]df
tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] Aofh yk u/L nfef+z ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ nfef+z 3f]if0ff ubf{ h;sf] gfd z]o/wgLsf]
btf{lstfadf sfod 5 ;f]xL JolQm jf To:tf] JolQmsf] sfg"g
adf]lhdsf] xsjfnf To:tf] nfef+zsf] xsbf/ x'g]5 .
-%_ nfef+z ljt/0f ug{sf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] d'gfkmfsf]
/sdaf6 afx]s cGo s'g} lsl;daf6 sDkgLn] nfef+zsf]
e'QmfgL jf ljt/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
-^_ sDkgLn] s'g} cfly{s jif{df ePsf] d'gfkmfsf]
/sdaf6 nfef+zsf] e'QmfgL jf ljt/0f ug'{eGbf klxn] k"j{
;~rfng vr{, k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd clwsf/k|fKt lgsfoåf/f
lgwf{l/t n]vfdfg cg';f/ x|f;s§L ug'{ kg]{ /sd, k|rlnt
sfg"gadf]lhd d'gfkmfaf6 e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ jf 5'6\ofpg' kg]{
/sd jf ljutsf cfly{s jif{x¿df ePsf] ;l~rt gf]S;fgLsf]
/sd k"0f{?kdf s§f ul/;s]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
 t/ nfef+z ljt/0f ug'{eGbf klxn] s'g} /sdsf] hu]8f
jf ;l~rt sf]if v8f ug'{ kg]{ ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"gn] s'g}
Joj:yf u/]sf] /x]5 eg] To:tf] Joj:yf kfngf ug'{ kg]{
sDkgLn] To:tf] hu]8f jf ;l~rt sf]if v8f gu/L nfe+fz
ljt/0f ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
-&_ o; bkmfdf ul/Psf] ljleGg Joj:yfsf] cwLgdf
/xL s'g} sDKfgLsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf]
d'gfkmfaf6 b]xfosf] cj:yfdf cGtl/d nfef+z ljt/0f ug{
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ cGtl/d nfef+z ljt/0f ug]{ ljifodf
lgodfjnLdf Joj:yf ul/Psf] eP,
-v_ h'g cfly{s jif{sf] d'gfkmfaf6 cGtl/d nfef+z
ljt/0f ug]{ xf] ;f] cfly{s jif{sf] jflif{s cfly{s
ljj/0f n]vfk/LIfsaf6 k|dfl0ft eO{ ;~rfns
;ldltaf6 :jLs[t eO;s]sf] eP .
-*_ ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 :jLs[t nfef+zafx]s sDkgLn]
cfˆgf] sf]ifdf Jooef/ kg]{ u/L z]o/wgLx?nfO{ gub jf
lhG;Lsf] ?kdf s'g} klg /sd e'QmfgL ug{ jf ljt/0f ug{
;Sg] 5}g .
-(_ nfef+z ljt/0f ug]{ ljifodf sDkgLsf] ;fwf/0f
;efn] lg0f{o u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{sf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5
klg s'g} z]o/wgLn] a'lem glnPsf] nfef+zsf] /sd bkmf !*#
adf]lhd :yfkgf x'g] nufgLstf{ ;+/If0f sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{
kg]{5 .
-!)_ s'g} sDkgLn] pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhdsf] /sd bkmf
!*# adf]lhdsf] sf]ifdf hDdf ubf{ ;f] pkbkmfdf plNnlvt
cjlw ;dfKt x'g'eGbf cufl8 sDtLdf Ps dlxgfsf] Dofb
lbO{ nfef+z a'lemlng cfpg /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf
;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
90
-!!_ o; P]g cg';f/ z]o/wgLx?nfO{ afFl8g] nfef+zsf]
/sd ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 :jLs[t ePsf] ldltn] k}+tfnL;
lbgleq sDkgLn] 5'§} vftfdf hDdf u/L ;f]xL vftfaf6
nfef+zsf] /sd e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] /sd sDkgLn]
cGo sfdsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
!*#= nufgLstf{ ;+/If0f sf]if M -!_ sDkgLsf] z]o/df nufgL ug{
k|jfx ePsf] /sd lkmtf{ lng kfFr jif{leq klg s'g}
nufgLstf{sf] bfaL k|:t't x'g gcfPdf To:tf] /sd hDdf ug{
Pp6f nufgLstf{ ;+/If0f sf]if :yfkgf ul/g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] sf]ifdf /x]sf]
/sd k"FhL ahf/, nufgL gLlt, sDkgL sfg"g jf Jofkf/ tyf
Joj;fo;DaGwL k]zfut sfg"gsf] ;'wf/ ug{, sfof{no jf
sDkgLsf sd{rf/LnfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg jf sDkgL
k|zf;g;DaGwL cGo sfo{df vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] sf]ifsf]
Joj:yfkg tyf ;~rfng /lhi6«f/, lwtf]kq af]8{sf] cWoIf jf
lghsf] k|ltlglw / lwtf]kq jhf/ ;~rfng ug]{
;+:yfx?dWo]af6 lwtf]kq af]8{n] lgo'Qm u/]sf] Pshgf
k|ltlglw;d]t /x]sf] ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_ sfof{non] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :yflkt sf]ifaf6
ePsf] vr{sf] clen]v /fVg' kg]{5 / n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] sf]ifdf g]kfn
;/sf/, s'g} bft[ ;+:yf jf s'g} JolQm jf lgsfoaf6 k|fKt
/sd;d]t hDdf ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} nufgLstf{sf] bfaL k|:t't
x'g gcfPdf ;f] /sd nufgLstf{ ;+/If0f sf]ifdf hDdf
ug'{eGbf klxn] To:tf] /sd a'emL lng sDtLdf Ps dlxgfsf]
Dofb lbO{ /fli6«o:t/sf] b}lgsklqsfdf ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{
kg]{5 .
!*$= sDkgLsf] sfof{no M -!_ k|To]s sDkgLn] cfˆgf] /lhi68{
sfof{nosf] aflx/ ;a}n] b]Vg] u/L sDkgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf
g]kfnLdf n]lvPsf] ;fO{gaf]8{ /fVg' kg]{5 .
-@_ sDkgL ;+:yfkgf ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq k|To]s
sDkgLn] cfˆgf] /lhi68{ sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf sfof{nodf btf{
u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ sDkgLn] sfof{nonfO{ k"j{;"rgf lbO{ cfˆgf] /lhi68{
sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ sDkgL btf{ ePkl5 sDkgLn] cfˆgf] ;Dks{ 7]ufgf
h:t} 6]lnkmf]g, ˆofS;, Od]n cflbsf] hfgsf/L sfof{nonfO{
lbg' kg]{5 / To:tf] 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ePdf kl/jlt{t 7]ufgf
cljnDa sfof{nonfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ sfof{non] sDkgLx¿sf] /lhi68{ sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf
tyf pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] 7]ufgfsf] ;"rL qmlds ?kdf
tof/ u/L ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lg/LIf0fsf] nflu v'nf /fVg ;Sg]5 .
!*%= sDkgL ;lrjsf] lgo'lQm M -!_ Ps s/f]8 ?k}ofF jf ;f]eGbf
a9L r'Qmf k"FhL ePsf] sDkgLn] pkbkmf -@_ df plNnlvt
of]Uotf k'u]sf] g]kfnL gful/snfO{ sDkgL ;lrjsf] kbdf
lgo'Qm ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd sDkgL ;lrj;DaGwL
Jofj;flos k|df0fkq hf/L ug]{ clwsf/k|fKt :jb]zL jf
ljb]zL lgsfoaf6 sDkgL ;lrjsf] Jofj;flos k|df0fkq
k|fKt u/L sDtLdf b'O{ jif{;Dd ;DalGwt If]qdf sfd u/]sf]
jf sfg"g, Joj:yfkg, jfl0fHo jf cy{zf:q ljifodf sDtLdf
:gftsf]kflw xfl;n u/L sDtLdf tLg jif{;Dd ;DalGwt
If]qdf jf sDkgL Joj:yfkg If]qdf sfd u/]sf] g]kfnL
gful/s sDkgL ;lrj kbdf lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg]5 .
91
t/ of] P]g k|f/De x'Fbfsf avt axfn /x]sf] sDkgL
;lrjsf] xsdf of] P]g k|f/De ePsf] ldltn] tLg jif{;Dd of]
Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-#_ ;DalGwt sDkgLsf] ;~rfns To:tf] sDkgLsf]
;lrjsf] ?kdf lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
-$_ s'g} klg JolQm Ps}k6s PseGbf a9L sDkgLsf]
sDkgL ;lrjsf] kbdf lgo'Qm x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
t/ s'g} d'Vo sDkgLsf] sDkgL ;lrjnfO{ To:tf]
sDkgLsf] ;xfos sDkgLsf] sDkgL ;lrj kbdf lgo'lQm ug{
o; Joj:yfn] afwf k'¥ofpg] 5}g .
-%_ o; P]g, k|rlnt sfg"g jf lgodfjnLadf]lhd s'g}
sfd sDkgL ;lrjn] jf lghåf/f ul/g] egL Joj:yf ePsf]df
;f] sDkgLdf sDkgL ;lrjsf] kb s'g} sf/0fn] l/Qm /x]df jf
axfnjfnf sDkgL ;lrjn] To:tf] gu/]df jf ug{ c;dy{tf
b]vfPdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] To:tf] sfd ug{ kfpg] u/L
tf]lslbPsf] o; P]g cg';f/ of]Uotf k'u]sf] sDkgLsf] s'g}
sd{rf/Ln] sDkgL ;lrjsf] x}l;otdf sfd ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!*^= sDkgL ;lrjsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ ;~rfns
;ldlt / ;fwf/0f ;efåf/f ul/Psf lg0f{ox¿ / sfof{no jf
;DalGwt lgsfox¿åf/f lgb]{lzt s'/fx¿ sfof{Gjog ug'{,
u/fpg' tyf of] P]g jf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd sDkgLn]
sfof{no jf cGo s'g} lgsfodf k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0f,
sfuhft, lg0f{o cflb lgwf{l/t cjlwleq k]z ug'{ sDkgL
;lrjsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ o; P]g, k|aGwkq / lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL
sDkgL ;lrjn] b]xfosf sfd ug]{5 M–
 -s_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s jf ;fwf/0f ;ef
af]nfpg],
-v_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s jf ;fwf/0f ;efdf
5nkmn ul/g] ljifox¿sf] ;"rL tof/ u/L
;DalGwt ;~rfns jf z]o/wgLsxfF k7fpg],
-u_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s jf ;fwf/0f ;efsf]
lg0f{ox¿sf] clen]v /fVg], k|dfl0ft ug]{ tyf
lhDdf lng],
-3_ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ z]o/
afF8kmfF8sf] ;"rgf tyf ls:tf dfusf] ;"rgf
k7fpg],
-ª_ z]o/wgLx¿sf] btf{lstfa / z]o/wgL tyf
l8a]~r/jfnfx¿sf] nut b'?:t /fVg], lhDdf
lng] / k|dfl0ft ug]{,
-r_ z]o/ jf l8a]~r/sf] lwtf] aGws hgfpg],
x:tfGt/0f jf bflvn vf/]h ug{ ;~rfns
;ldlt jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v;dIf k]z ug]{,
-5_ z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfsf] bfaL, ph'/L,
u'gf;f], ;'emfj, ;Nnfx cflb s'g} s'/f
lnlvt?kdf k]z x'g cfPdf ;~rfns ;ldlt
jf sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf sfof{no jf cGo
lgsfox¿;dIf k'¥ofpg] / ;f] ;DaGwdf eP
u/]sf] sf/afxLsf] glthf lnlvt?kdf ;DalGwt
z]o/wgL jf l8a]~r/jfnfnfO{ lbg],
-h_ k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ sDkgL ;lrjn] ug'{ kg]{
egL lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] cGo
sfo{ ug]{ .
-#_ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{oadf]lhdafx]s sDkgL
;lrjn] sDkgLaf6 jf sDkgLdfk{mt cfk"mnfO{ kmfObf x'g] s'g}
sfd ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g .
92
-$_ sDkgL ;lrjn] tf]lsPadf]lhdsf] cfr/0f kfng
ug'{ kg]{5 .
!*&= z]o/wgLx?aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] dfGotf M -!_ sDkgLsf]
Joj:yfkg, ;~rfng tyf z]o/wgLx?nfO{ k|fKt dtflwsf/sf]
k|of]usf] af/]df sDkgLsf z]o/wgLx?sfaLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf
lghx?aLr afWofTds ?kdf nfu" x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] ;Demf}tfsf] s'g} k|fjwfg sDkgL jf o;sf
cNkdt z]o/wgLx?sf] lxt k|lts"n x'g] ePdf ;f] xb;Dd
:jtM lgliqmo x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] b'O{k|lt
To:tf] ;+Demf}tf ePsf] ldltn] kGw|lbgleq ;DalGwt
z]o/wgLn] sDkgLdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L z]o/wgLx?af6
k|fKt ePsf] ;Demf}tfsf] Psk|lt sDkgLn] ;f] k|fKt u/]sf]
kGw|lbgleq sfof{nodf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!**= sDkgL cWofb]z, @)^@ lgliqmo ePkl5 To;sf] kl/0ffd M
sDkgL cWofb]z, @)^@ lgliqmo ePkl5 csf]{ clek|fo
gb]lvPdf ;f] lgliqmotfn],
-s_ ;f] cWofb]z lgliqmo x'Fbfsf avt rNtL gePsf]
jf sfod g/x]sf] s'g} s'/f klg hufpg] 5}g,
-v_ ;f] cWofb]zadf]lhd rfn" ePsf] s'/f jf
;f]adf]lhd /Lt k'¥ofO{ cl3 g} ul/Psf] s'g}
sfd jf ef]lu;s]sf] s'g} s'/fnfO{ c;/ kfg]{
5}g,
-u_ ;f] cWofb]zadf]lhd kfPsf], xfl;n u/]sf] jf
ef]u]sf] s'g} xs, ;'ljwf, st{Jo jf bfloTjdf
c;/ kfg]{ 5}g,
-3_ ;f] cWofb]zadf]lhd ul/Psf] s'g} b08 ;hfo jf
hkmtnfO{ c;/ kfg]{ 5}g,
 -ª_ dfly n]lvPsf] s'g} To:tf] xs, ;'ljwf, st{Jo,
bfloTj, b08 ;hfosf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] s'g}
sfd sf/afxL jf pkfonfO{ c;/ kfg]{ 5}g / ;f]
cWofb]z sfod /x];/x To:tf] s'g} sfg"gL
sf/afxL jf pkfonfO{ klg z'? ug{, rfn" /fVg
jf nfu" ug{ ;lsg]5 .
k|df0fLs/0f ldlt M @)^#÷&÷@$

93