5.

0 Basic concept in Dynamics

The study of the causes of motion and changes in motion is called "dynamics".

Fundamental Units
Space is the geometric region occupied by bodies. Time is quantifies or measures the interval between events, or the duration of events. Unit second,s Mass is the quantity of inertia possessed by an object. Unit kg Force The capacity to do work or cause physical change; energy, strength, or active power. Unit Newton, N Particles A very small piece or part; a tiny portion or speck. Rigid Body An idealized extended solid whose size and shape are definitely fixed and remain unaltered when forces are applied.

Relationship between linear and angular velocities:

Things that turn have both a linear velocity and an angular velocity.Eg: seat on a Ferris wheel, Steering Wheel, Electric Mixer a.s.o Definition of Linear Velocity: v = t
s

Definition of angular Velocity: = r

The angular velocity is a ratio of the total angular measurement through which a particle rotates in a given unit of time. If we use to stand for angular velocity, we have.

Angular Acceleration, =

Examples i. A Ferris Wheel rotates 3 times each minute. The passengers sit in seats that are 7.62 m from the center of the wheel. What is the angular velocity of the wheel in degrees per minute and radians per minute? What is the linear velocity of the passengers in the seats? 3 revolutions per minute is . The linear velocity is calculated from . This gives us v = 6x7.62 =143 .6 m / min . ii. An object is rotating on a circular path at 4 revolutions per minute. The linear velocity of the object is 121 m per minute. What is the radius of the circle and what is the angular velocity of the rotating platform? We first find the angular velocity: 4 revolutions per minute is . use .

Second, we

v = r 121 = 8 r = r

121 = 4.81m 8

Let's Practice: 1. Assume the hard drive on a computer is circular and rotates at 7200 revolutions per minute. What is the angular velocity in radians per minute? What is the linear velocity in m per minute of a particle located 0.051 m from the center of the hard drive?

2. A particle moves on a circular path with a linear velocity of 91.44 m per second. If the particle makes 3 revolutions per second, what is its angular velocity? What is the radius of the circle?