PAPER 1

1 The functions f and g are defined by 1 f : x , x R \ {0}; x g : x 2x 1, x R. Find f g and its domain. 3 (x 2)2 5 2 2 Show that dx = + 4 ln 2 x2 3 3

[4 marks] [4 marks]

3 Using definitions, show that, for any sets A, B and C, A (B C) (A B) (A C). 1 4 If z is a complex number such that |z| = 1, find the real part of . 1z 1 3 2 5 The polynomial p(x) = 2x + 4x + x k has factor (x + 1). 2 (a) Find the value of k. (b) Factorise p(x) completely. sin x cos x d 2y dy 6 If y = , show that = 2y. sin x + cos x dx2 dx 1 0 0 7 Matrix A is given by A = 1 1 0 . 1 2 1 (a) Show that A2 = I, where I is the 3 3 identity matrix, and deduce A1. 1 4 3 (b) Find matrix B which satisfies BA = 0 2 1 . 1 0 2

[5 marks] [6 marks]

[2 marks] [4 marks] [6 marks]

[4 marks] [4 marks]

8 The lines y = 2x and y = x intersect the curve y2 + 7xy = 18 at points A and B respectively, where A and B lie in the first quadrant. (a) Find the coordinates of A and B. [4 marks] (b) Calculate the perpendicular distance of A to OB, where O is the origin. [2 marks] (c) Find the area of the OAB triangle. [3 marks] 9 Find the solution set of the inequality 4 3 > 3 . x1 x

[10 marks]

x [3 marks] 10 Show that the gradient of the curve y = is always decreasing. 2 x 1 Determine the coordinates of the point of inflexion of the curve, and state the intervals for which the curve is concave upward. [5 marks] Sketch the curve. [3 marks]
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11 Sketch, on the same coordinate axes, the curves y = 6 e x and y = 5ex, and find the coordinates of the points of intersection. [7 marks] Calculate the area of the region bounded by the curves. [4 marks] Calculate the volume of the solid formed when the region is rotated through 2 radians [5 marks] about the x-axis. 12 At the beginning of this year, Mr. Liu and Miss Dora deposited RM10 000 and RM2000 respectively in a bank. They receive an interest of 4% per annum. Mr Liu does not make any additional deposit nor withdrawal, whereas, Miss Dora continues to deposit RM2000 at the beginning of each of the subsequent years without any withdrawal. (a) Calculate the total savings of Mr. Liu at the end of nth year. [3 marks] (b) Calculate the total savings of Miss Dora at the end of nth year. [7 marks] (c) Determine in which year the total savings of Miss Dora exceeds the total savings of Mr. Liu. [5 marks]

PAPER 2
1 Show that the substitution u = x 2 + y transforms the differential equation dy (1 x) + 2y + 2x = 0 dx into the differential equation du (1 x) = 2u. dx

[3 marks]

2 In triangle ABC, the point X divides BC internally in the ratio m : n, where m + n = 1. Express AX 2 in terms of AB, BC, CA, m and n. [5 marks]

2t 1 t2 3 If t = tan , show that sin = and cos = . 2 2 1+t 1 + t2

Hence, find the values of between 0 and 360 that satisfy the equation 10 sin 5 cos = 2. 4 The diagram below shows the circumscribed circle of the triangle ABC.
B

[4 marks]

[3 marks]

C P T

The tangent to the circle at A meets the line BC extended to T. The angle bisector of the angle ATB cuts AC at P, AB at Q and the circle at R. Show that (a) triangles APT and BQT are similar, [4 marks] (b) PT BT = QT AT, [2 marks] (c) AP = AQ. [4 marks] 5 The position vectors of the points A, B and C, with respect to the origin O, are a, b and c respectively. The points L, M, P and Q are the midpoints of OA, BC, OB, and AC respectively.
2
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1 1 (a) Show that the position vector of any point on the line LM is a + (b + c a) for 2 2 some scalar , and express the position vector of any point on the line PQ in terms of a, b and c. [6 marks] (b) Find the position vector of the point of intersection of the line LM and the line PQ.
[4 marks]

6 A 50 litre tank is initially filled with 10 litres of brine solution containing 20 kg of salt. Starting from time t = 0, distilled water is poured into the tank at a constant rate of 4 litres per minute. At the same time, the mixture leaves the tank at a constant rate of k litres per minute, where k > 0. The time taken for overflow to occur is 20 minutes. (a) Let Q be the amount of salt in the tank at time t minutes. Show that the rate of change of Q is given by dQ Q k = . dt 10 + (4 k)t Hence, express Q in terms of t. [7 marks] (b) Show that k = 4, and calculate the amount of salt in the tank at the instant overflow occurs. [6 marks] (c) Sketch the graph of Q against t for 0 t 20. [2 marks] 7 There are 12 towels, two of which are red. If five towels are chosen at random, find the probability that at least one is red. [4 marks] 1 8 The random variable X has a binomial distribution with parameters n = 500 and p = . 2 [6 marks] Using a suitable approximate distribution, find P(|X E(X)| 25). 9 In a basket of mangoes and papayas, 70% of mangoes and 60% of papayas are ripe. If 40% of the fruits in the basket are mangoes, (a) find the percentage of the fruits which are ripe, [3 marks] (b) find the percentage of the ripe fruits which are mangoes. [4 marks] 10 A sample of 100 fuses, nominally rated at 13 amperes, are tested by passing increasing electric current through them. The current at which they blow are recorded and the following cumulative frequency table is obtained. Current (amperes) < 10 < 11 < 12 < 13 < 14 < 15 < 16 < 17 Cumalative frequency 0 8 30 63 88 97 99 100
[8 marks]
Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

Calculate the estimates of the mean, median and mode. Comment on the distribution.
3

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11 The continuous random variable X has probability density function

0, x<0 5 x, 0 x < 1, f(x) = 4 1 , x 1. 2 4x

(a) Find the cululative distribution function of X. [7 marks] (b) Calculate the probability that at least one of two independent observed values of X is greater than three. [4 marks] 12 A car rental shop has four cars to be rented out on a daily basis at RM50.00 per car. The average daily demand for cars is four. (a) Find the probability that, on a particular day, (i) no cars are requested, [2 marks] (ii) at least four requests for cars are received. [2 marks] (b) Calculate the expected daily income received from the rentals. [5 marks] (c) If the shop wishes to have one more car, the additional cost incurred is RM20.00 per day. Determine whether the shop should buy another car for rental. [5 marks]

SUGGESTED ANSWERS
PAPER 1 1 1. f : x , x R \ {0} x g : x 2x 1, x R f g = fg(x) = f(2x 1) 1 1 = , x 2x 1 2 3. By using basic denitions of sets, let x A (B C), then, x A and x (B C) x A and (x B or x C) (x A and x B) or (x A and x C) (x A B) or (x A C) x (A B) (A C) Thus, all elements in A (B C) are also found in (A B) (A C). Hence, A (B C) (A B) (A C) [shown] 4. Let z = x + yi. |z| = 1 2 x + y2 = 1 x2 + y2 = 1 (1) 1 1 = 1z 1 (x + yi) 1 = 1 x yi 1 x + yi = (1 x yi)(1 x + yi) 1 x + yi = (1 x)2 + y 2 1 x + yi = 1 2x + x 2 + y 2 1 x + yi = 1 2x + 1 1 x + yi = 2 2x
From (1)

A \ B means A B or A B'.

1 The domain of f g is x : x R, x . 2 3 (x 2)2 2. dx 2 x2 3 x 2 4x + 4 dx = 2 x2 3 4 = 2 1 + 4x 2 dx x x 1 3 = x 4 ln |x| + 4 1 2 4 3 = x 4 ln |x| x 2 4 4 = 3 4 ln 3 2 4 ln 2 3 2 5 = + 4 ln 2 4 ln 3 3 5 = + 4(ln 2 ln 3) 3 5 2 [shown] = + 4 ln 3 3

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1 x + yi = 2(1 x) 1x y = + i 2(1 x) 2(1 x) 1 y = + i 2 2(1 x) 1 1 Hence, the real part of is . 1z 2 1 5. (a) p(x) = 2x 3 + 4x 2 + x k 2 Since (x + 1) is a factor of p(x), then p(1) = 0 1 3 2 2(1) + 4(1) + (1) k = 0 2 1 2 + 4 k = 0 2 3 k=0 2 3 k= 2 1 3 (b) Therefore, p(x) = 2x 3 + 4x 2 + x 2 2 3 2x 2 + 2x 2 1 3 3 2 x + 1 2x + 4x + x 2 2 2x 3 + 2x 2 1 2x 2 + x 2 2x 2 + 2x 3 3 x 2 2 3 3 x 2 2 0 3 Hence, p(x) = (x + 1) 2x 2 + 2x 2 4x 2 + 4x 3 = (x + 1) 2 1 = (x + 1)(2x + 3)(2x 1) 2 sin x cos x 6. y = sin x + cos x (sin x + cos x)y = sin x cos x dy (sin x + cos x) + dx y(cos x sin x) = cos x + sin x dy (sin x + cos x) 1 + y(cos x sin x) = 0 dx d 2y dy (sin x + cos x) + 1 (cos x sin x) dx dx2 dy + y(sin x cos x) + (cos x sin x) = 0 dx

d 2y (sin x + cos x) dx 2 dy dy + 1 + (cos x sin x) dx dx + y(sin x cos x) = 0 d 2y (sin x + cos x) dx 2 dy + 2 1 (cos x sin x) dx + y(sin x cos x) = 0 d 2y dy (sin x + cos x) = 2 1 (sin x cos x) + dx dx 2 y(sin x + cos x) d 2y dy sin x cos x = 2 1 dx sin x + cos x dx 2 sin x + cos x + y sin x + cos x d 2y dy = 2 1 y + y dx dx 2 d 2y dy = 2y [shown] dx dx 2 7. (a) A2 = AA 1 0 0 = 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 0 0 = 0 1 0 0 0 1 = I [shown] A2 = I AA = I 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 2 1

AA1 = I By comparison, A1 = A 1 0 = 1 1 1 2 1 4 3 (b) BA = 0 2 1 1 0 2 1 4 3 0 2 1 A1 BAA1 = 1 0 2 1 4 3 BI = 0 2 1 A1 1 0 2 1 4 3 1 0 B = 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 2 8 10 3 = 3 4 1 1 4 2 8. (a) y = 2x ............. (1) y=x ............. (2) y 2 + 7xy = 18 ............. (3)

0 0 1

0 0 1

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Substituting (1) into (3), (2x)2 + 7x(2x) = 18 4x 2 + 14x 2 = 18 18x 2 = 18 x2 = 1 x = 1 x = 1 is not accepted because point A lies in the rst quadrant. Thus, x = 1. When x = 1, y = 2(1) = 2 Hence, the coordinates of point A are (1, 2). Substituting (2) into (3), x 2 + 7x 2 = 18 8x 2 = 18 9 x2 = 4 3 x2 = 2 3 x = is not accepted because point B 2 lies in the rst quadrant. 3 Thus, x = . 2 3 3 When x = , y = 2 2 Hence, the coordinates of point B are 3 3 , . 2 2 3 0 y0 2 (b) The equation of OB is = x0 3 0 2 y=x xy=0 The perpendicular distance from A(1, 2) to OB |1 2| = 12 + (1)2 1 = 2 2 = units 2 1 (c) Area of OAB = 2 3 0 1 0 2 3 0 2 0 2

4 9. y = x1 4 , x>1 x1 y = 4 , x < 1 x1 As y , x 1 0 x1 Thus, x = 1 is the asymptote. As x , y 0. 4 The graph of y = is as shown. x1

y 3 y = 3 x 4 3 4 y = x1 O 1 3 4 y = x1

3 y = 3 x x

3 y=3 x As y , x 0 Thus, x = 0 (the y-axis) is the asymptote. As x , y 3. 3 The graph of y = 3 is as shown. x The x-coordinate of point A is obtained by solving the following equations simultaneously. 4 y = ... (1) x1 3 y=3 ... (2) x 4 3 = 3 x1 x 4 3x 3 = x1 x (3x 3)(x 1) = 4x 3x 2 6x + 3 4x = 0 3x 2 10x + 3 = 0 (3x 1)(x 3) = 0 1 x = or 3 3 1 x = is not accepted 3 Thus, x = 3 The solution set for which 4 3 > 3 is given by the part of the x1 x 4 graph where the curve y = x1 3 is above the curve y = 3 , that is, x {x : 0 < x < 1 or 1 < x < 3}.

1 3 =3 2 2 3 = 4 3 = units2 4 6
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x 10. y = x2 1 dy (x 2 1)(1) x(2x) = dx (x 2 1)2 2 x 1 = (x 2 1)2 (x 2 + 1) = (x 2 1)2 dy Since < 0 for all real values of x, then dx the gradient of the curve is always decreasing. [shown] (x 2 1)2(2x) + (x 2 + 1)(2)(x 2 1)(2x) d 2y = 2 (x 2 1)4 dx 2 2 2x(x 1)[x 1 2(x 2 + 1)] = (x 2 1)4 2 2x (x 3) = (x 2 1)3 2x(x 2 + 3) = (x 2 1)3 2 dy When = 0, dx 2 2 2x(x + 3) = 0 (x 2 1)3 x =0 0 When x = 0, y = = 0 02 1 (x 2 1)3(6x 2 + 6) dy (2x)(x 2 + 3)(3)(x 2 1)2(2x) = 3 (x 2 1)6 dx 2 3 2 6(x 1) (x + 1) (12x 2)(x 2 + 3)(x 2 1)2 = (x 2 1)6 2 2 2 6(x 1) [(x 1)(x 2 + 1) (2x 2)(x 2 + 3)] = (x 2 1)6 2 2 4 6(x 1) (x 1 2x 4 6x 2) = (x 2 1)6 4 6(x 1 6x 2) = (x 2 1)4 d 3y 6[04 1 6(0)2] When x = 0, = = 6 3 (02 1)4 dx (that is 0)
3

+
+

+ +
+

x2 + 3 > 0 (x 1)3 > 0 x>0 (x + 1)3 > 0 x

+ 0

Hence, the intervals for which the curve concaves upwards are 1 < x < 0 or x > 1 and the intervals for which the curve concaves downwards are x < 1 or 0 < x < 1. x The curve y = is as shown below. x2 1
y

1 O

11. y = 6 e x On the x-axis, y = 0 6 ex = 0 ex = 6 x = ln 6 Thus, the curve y = 6 e x intersects the x-axis at (ln 6, 0). On the y-axis, x = 0 y = 6 e0 y=5 Thus, the curve y = 6 e x intersects the y-axis at (0, 5). As x , y As x , y 6
y 6 5

y = 6 ex

d 3y d 2y Since = 0 and 0 2 dx 3 dx when x = 0, then (0, 0) is the point of inexion. When the curve concaves upwards. d 2y > 0 dx 2 2x(x 2 + 3) > 0 (x 2 1)3 2x(x 2 + 3) > 0 [(x + 1)(x 1)]3 2x(x 2 + 3) > 0 (x + 1)3(x 1)3

y = 5ex O

(ln 5, 1) x ln 6

y = 5ex On the y-axis, x = 0 y = 5(e0) y=5 Therefore, the curve y = 5ex intersects the y-axis at (0, 5). As x , y 0. As x , y The curve y = 6 e x and y = 5ex are as shown.
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y = 6 e x ... (1) y = 5ex ... (2) Substituting (1) into (2), 6 e x = 5ex x 6e (e x)2 = 5 Letting e x = p, 6p p2 = 5 2 p 6p + 5 = 0 (p 1)(p 5) = 0 p = 1 or 5 When p = 1, ex = 1 x = ln 1 x=0 When x = 0, y = 6 e0 = 5 When p = 5, ex = 5 x = ln 5 When x = ln 5, y = 6 eln 5 = 6 5 = 1 Hence, the points of intersection are (0, 5) and (ln 5, 1). Area of the shaded region =

12. (a) For Mr. Liu: At the end of the 1st year, the total savings, U1 = 1.04 10 000 At the end of the 2nd year, the total savings, U2 = 1.04(1.04 10 000) = 1.042 10 000 At the end of the 3rd year, the total savings, U3 = 1.04(1.042 10 000) = 1.043 10 000 At the end of the nth year, the total savings, Un = 1.04n 10 000 = RM10 000(1.04n) (b) For Miss Dora: At the end of the 1st year, the total savings, U1 = 1.04 2000 At the beginning of the 2nd year, the total savings = (1.04 2000) + 2000 At the end of the 2nd year, the total savings, U2 = 1.04[(1.04 2000) + 2000] = 1.042 2000 + 1.04 2000 At the beginning of the 3rd year, the total savings = (1.042 2000 + 1.04 2000) + 2000 At the end of the 3rd year, the total savings, U3 = 1.04[1.042 2000 + 1.04 2000 + 2000] = 1.043 2000 + 1.042 2000 + 1.04 2000 At the end of the nth year, the total savings, Un = 1.04n 2000 + ... + 1.042 2000 + 1.04 2000 = 2000(1.04n + ... + 1.042 + 1.04) 1.04 (1.04n 1) = 2000 1.04 1 = 52 000(1.04n 1) (c) When the total savings of Miss Dora exceeds the total savings of Mr. Liu, 52 000(1.04n 1) > 10 000 (1.04n) 5.2(1.04n 1) > 1.04n 5.2(1.04n) 5.2 > 1.04n (5.2 1)(1.04n) > 5.2 4.2 (1.04n) > 5.2 5.2 1.04n > 4.2 5.2 n ln 1.04 > ln 4.2 5.2 ln 4.2 n > ln 1.04 n > 5.45 Smallest integer value of n = 6 Hence, the total savings of Miss Dora exceeds the total savings of Mr. Liu at the end of the 6th year.

ln 5 0

[(6 e x) 5ex] dx
ln 5 0

5 = 6x e x ex (1) 5 = 6x e + ex
x ln 5 0

5 5 = 6 ln 5 eln 5 + 0 e0 + eln 5 e0 5 = 6 ln 5 5 + (1 + 5) 5 = 6 ln 5 5 + 1 + 1 5 = (6 ln 5 8) units2 Volume of the solid generated = =

ln 5 0 ln 5 0

[(6 e x)2 (5ex)2] dx [36 12e x + e2x 25e2x] dx

ln 5 0

1 25 = 36x 12e x + e2x e2x 2 (2) 1 25 = 36x 12e + e2x + 2 2e2x

x

ln 5 0

1 25 = 36 ln 5 12eln 5 + e2 ln 5 + 2 2e2 ln 5 1 25 0 12e0 + e0 + 2 2e0 1 25 = [36 ln 5 12(5) + (25) + 2 2(25) 1 25 12 + + 2 2 = (36 ln 5 48) = 12(3 ln 5 4) units3 8
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Paper 2 1. u = x2 + y du dy = 2x + dx dx dy du = 2x dx dx dy (1 x) + 2y + 2x = 0 dx du (1 x) 2x + 2(u x2) + 2x = 0 dx du (1 x) 2x(1 x) + 2u 2x2 + 2x = 0 dx du (1 x) 2x + 2x2 + 2u 2x2 + 2x = 0 dx du (1 x) + 2u = 0 dx du (1 x) = 2u dx [shown] m 2. BX = BC m+n m BX = BC 1 BX = mBC
B m X n C A

Based on ABC, 2t sin = [shown] and 1 + t2 1 t2 cos = [shown] 1 + t2 10 sin 5 cos = 2 2t 1 t2 10 5 = 2 2 1 + t2 1+t 10(2t) 5(1 t 2 ) = 2(1 + t 2 ) 20t 5 + 5t 2 = 2 + 2t 2 3t 2 + 20t 7 = 0 (3t 1)(t + 7) = 0 1 t = or t = 7 3 1 When t = , 3 1 tan = 2 3 = 18.43 2 = 36.9 [correct to one decimal place] When t = 7, tan = 7 2 = 98.13 2 = 196.3 [correct to one decimal place] 4.
B

In ABC, by using the cosine rule, AB + BC CA cos ABC = 2(AB)(BC) In ABX, by using the cosine rule, AX 2 = AB2 + BX 2 2(AB)(BX) cos ABC = AB2 + (mBC)2 AB2 + BC 2 CA2 2(AB)(mBC) 2(AB)(BC) = AB2 + m2BC 2 m(AB2 + BC 2 CA2) = AB2 + m2BC 2 mAB2 mBC 2 + mCA2 = (1 m)AB2 + (m2 m)BC 2 + mCA2 = (1 m)AB2 + m(m 1)BC 2 + mCA2 = nAB2 + m(n)BC 2 + mCA2 = nAB2 mnBC 2 + mCA2
2 2 2

R Q

C T

2 tan 2 3. tan = 1 tan2 2

2t tan = 1 t2
A

B 1 + t2

2t C

1 t2

AB = AC 2 + BC2 = (1 t 2 )2 + (2t)2 = 1 2t 2 + t 4 + 4t 2 = 1 + 2t 2 + t 4 = (1 + t 2 )2 = 1 + t2

(a) BTQ = ATP [RQPT is the angle bisector of ATB] PAT = QBT [Alternate segment theorem] APT Hence, are similar [shown]. BQT APT (b) Since are similar, then BQT AT PT = BT QT PT BT = QT AT [shown] APT (c) Since are similar, BQT then APT = BQT. Let APT = BQT = . APQ = 180 [Angles on a straight line] AQP = 180 [Angles on a straight line] Since APQ = AQP, then APQ is an isosceles triangle where AP = AQ [shown].
Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

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5.

y B X P Y T A a L O x M C c Q

(a) Let X be a point on the line LM. OX = OL + LX = OL + LM, where LX = LM = OL + (LO + OB + BM) 1 = OL + LO + OB + BC 2 1 = OL + LO + OB + (BO + OC) 2 1 1 1 = a + a + b + (b + c) 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 = a + a + b b + c 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 = a + a + b + c 2 2 2 2 1 1 = a + (a + b + c) 2 2 1 1 = a + (b + c a) [shown] 2 2 Hence, the position vector of any point on 1 1 the line LM is a + (b + c a). [shown] 2 2 Let Y be a point on the line PQ. OY = OP + PY = OP + PQ, where PY = PQ = OP + (PO + OA + AQ) 1 = OP + PO + OA + AC 2 1 = OP + [PO + OA + (AO + OC)] 2 1 1 1 = b + b + a + (a + c) 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 = b + b + a a + c 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 = b + b + a + c 2 2 2 2 1 1 = b + (b + a + c) 2 2 1 1 = b + (a + c b) 2 2 Hence, the position vector of any point on 1 1 the line PQ is b + (a + c b). 2 2 10
Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

(b) YX = OX OY 1 1 = a + (b + c a) 2 2 1 1 b + (a + c b) 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 = a + b + c a b 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 a c + b 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 = a + 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 + b + c 2 2 2 Let T be the point of interesection of the line LM and the line PQ. At point T, YX = 0. 1 1 1 1 1 1 a + + b 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 + c = 0 2 2 1 1 1 = 0 2 2 2 1 =0 + =1 ...(1) 1 1 1 + = 0 2 2 2 1+ =0 + =1 1 1 = 0 2 2 =0 ...(2) (1) + (2): 2 = 1 1 = 2 1 From (1): + = 1 2 1 = 2 1 Substituting = into OY, 2 1 1 1 OT = b + (a + c b) 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 = b + a + c b 2 4 4 4 1 1 1 = a + b + c 4 4 4 1 = (a + b + c) 4 Hence, the position vector of the point of intersection of the line LM and the line 1 PQ is (a + b + c). 4 6. (a) Let V be the volume of solution in the tank at time t minutes.

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Rate of change of volume of solution Change in volume of solution = Change in time V dV = dt t dV V = t dt = (4 k)(t 0) = (4 k)t
Rate of volume of distilled water pouring into the tank Rate of volume of mixture leaving the tank

(b)

dV = 4 k dt

50 10

dV =
50 10

20 0

(4 k) dt
20 0

[V]

= (4 k)t

50 10 = (4 k)(20 0) 2 =4 k k =2 k = 4 [shown] When k = 4, 4 4 4 Q = 20 1 + t 4 4 10 1 1 = 20 1 + t 5 1 = 20 1 1 + t 5 5 = 20 5+t 100 = 5+t 100 When t = 20, Q = = 4 5 + 20 Hence, at the instant overow occurs, the amount of salt is 4 kg. (c)
Q 20

Hence, the volume of solution in the tank at time t minutes = Initial volume of solution + V = 10 + (4 k)t It is given that the amount of salt in the tank at time t minutes is Q. Rate of change of amount of salt (kg/min) Amount of salt at time t minutes (kg) Rate of change of volume of mixture leaving the tank (l/min) = Volume of solution at time t minutes (l) dQ Q ( k) Hence, = dt 10 + (4 k)t Q k = [shown] 10 + (4 k)t

Q 20 Q

dQ = Q

t 0

k dt 10 + (4 k)t

4 O 20 t

dQ = k 20 Q
Q

t 0

dt 10 + (4 k)t

dQ k = 20 Q 4 k
Q 20

(4 k) dt 0 10 + (4 k)t
t t 0

[ln |Q|]

k = ln 10 + (4 k)t k4

k ln |Q| ln 20 = [ln |10 + (4 k)t| k4 ln 10] Q k 10 + (4 k)t ln = ln 20 k4 10 Q 10 + (4 k)t ln = ln 20 10 Q 10 + (4 k)t = 20 10

k k4

7. P(at least one red towel is chosen) = 1 P(all the ve towels chosen are not red) 10 9 8 7 6 = 1 12 11 10 9 8 7 = 1 22 15 = 22

Take Note

This event does not follow a binomial distribution because the towels are chosen without replacement. Alternative method P(at least one red towel is chosen) = 1 P(all the ve towels chosen are not red)
2 C0 10C5 = 1 12 C5

k k4

4 k Q = 20 1 + t 10

k k4

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252 = 1 792 15 = 22 8. X ~ B(n, p) 1 X ~ B 500, 2 1 = E(X) = np = 500 = 250 2 1 1 2 = npq = 500 = 125 2 2 1 Since n > 50, p = and np > 5, then the 2 normal approximation is used. X ~ N(250, 125) approximately P(|X E(X)| 25) = P(|X 250| 25) = P(25 X 250 25) = P(225 X 275) = P(225 0.5 < X < 275 + 0.5) [Taking continuity correction] = P(224.5 < X < 275.5) 224.5 250 X 250 275.5 250 = P < < 125 125 125 = P(2.281 < Z < 2.281) = 1 0.0113 0.0113 = 0.9774
0.0113 0.0113

0.4 0.7 = 0.64 = 0.4375 Hence, the percentage of ripe fruits which are mangoes = 0.4375 100 = 43.75% = 43.8% [ correct to three signicant gures] 10. Current Mid-point Cumulative Frequency (C amperes) (x) Frequency (f) 10 C < 11 11 C < 12 12 C < 13 13 C < 14 14 C < 15 15 C < 16 16 C < 17 10.5 11.5 12.5 13.5 14.5 15.5 16.5 8 30 63 88 97 99 100 8 22 33 25 9 2 1 f = 100 fx 84.0 253.0 412.5 337.5 130.5 31.0 16.5 fx = 1265

1265 fx Mean, x = = = 12.65 f 100 The median class is 12 C < 13. N F 2 Median, M = Lm + c fm 100 30 2 = 12 + (13 12) 33 = 12.61 The modal class is 12 C < 13. d1 Mode, mo = Lm + c o d 1 + d2 11 = 12 + (1) 11 + 8 = 12.58 Since mean > median > mode, the distribution is positively skewed. 11.

z 2.281 2.281

9. M Event that a mango is chosen P Event that a papaya is chosen R Event that a ripe fruit is chosen
Outcomes 0.7 M 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.6 P 0.4 R PR R R MR PR R MR

(a) P(fruits are ripe) = P(MR) + P(PR) = (0.4 0.7) + (0.6 0.6) = 0.64 Hence, the percentage of fruits which are ripe = 0.64 100 = 64% (b) P(M / R) P(M R) = P(R) 12
Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

f(x) =

0, x < 0, 5 x, 0 x < 1, 4 1 , x 1. 4x 2

(a) For x < 0, F(x) =

=
=0

x x

f(x) dx 0 dx
x

For 0 x < 1, F(x) =

f(x) dx = f(x) dx + f(x) dx 5 = F(0) + x dx 4

0 x 0 x 0

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 12

07/01/2009 10:08:55 AM

5 x2 = 0 + x 4 2 5 x2 = x 4 2 For x 1, F(x) = =

x 0

= 1 0.0183 0.0733 0.1465 0.1954 = 0.567 [correct to three signicant gures] (b)
Even if the number of cars requested is more than 4, the number of cars rented out is still 4 because there are only 4 cars available to be rented out.

x 1

f(x) dx f(x) dx +

x 1

f(x) dx

= F(1) + = F(1) +

x 1 x 1

1 dx 4x 2 1 x2 dx 4
x 1

x P(X = x) xP(X = x) 0

3 0.1954 0.5862

4 0.5665 2.2660

0.0183 0.0733 0.1465 0.0733 0.2930

1 x1 5 12 = (1) + 4 2 4 1 3 1 = 4 4x
x 1

3 1 1 = 4 4x 4(1) 1 = 1 4x x < 0, 0, 5 x2 x , 0 x < 1, F(x) = 4 2 1 1 , x 1. 4x (b) P(X 3) =

f (x) dx

E(X) = xP(X = x) = 0 + 0.0733 + 0.2930 + 0.5862 + 2.2660 = 3.2185 Hence, the expected daily income from the rentals of cars = 3.2185 50 = RM160.93 e444 (c) P(X = 4) = = 0.1954 4! P(X 5) = 1 P(X = 0) P(X = 1) P(X = 2) P(X = 3) P(X = 4) = 1 0.0183 0.0733 0.1465 0.1954 0.1954 = 0.3711
Even if the number of cars requested is more than 5, the number of cars rented out is still 5 because there are only 5 cars available to be rented out.

= F(3) 1 = 1 4(3) 11 = 12 P(at least one of two independent observed of X is greater than 3) = 1 P(both the independent observed values of X is less than or equal to 3) = 1 P(X 3) P(X 3) 11 11 = 1 12 12 23 = 144 12. Let X represent the number of cars requested. X ~ Po (4) in a day e440 (a) (i) P(X = 0) = = 0.0183 0! [correct to three signicant gures] (ii) P(X 4) = 1 P(X = 0) P(X = 1) P(X = 2) P(X = 3) e440 e441 e442 e443 = 1 0! 1! 2! 3!

x P(X = x) xP(X = x) 0

0.0183 0.0733 0.1465 0.1954 0.1954 0.3711 0.0733 0.2930 0.5862 0.7816 1.8555

E(X) = xP(X = x) = 0 + 0.0733 + 0.2930 + 0.5862 + 0.7816 + 1.8555 = 3.5896 Hence, the expected daily income from the rentals of cars = 3.5896 50 = RM179.48 Additional daily income = RM179.48 RM160.93 = RM18.55 Since the additional daily income (RM18.55) is less than the additional cost incurred per day (RM20.00), then the shop should not buy another car for rental.
Actual 2008 STPM Mathematics Examination Paper

13

AAhead STPM Math V2 Act 08 4th.indd 13

07/01/2009 10:08:56 AM