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Odchytov myopatia
Farmov chovy
BAM-NTA
For Sedation
Butorphanol 6ml (50mg/ml) Azaperone 2ml (50mg/ml) Medetomidine HCl 3ml (40mg/ml)
For Reversal
Atipamezole HCl 10ml (20mg/ml) Naltrexone HCl 10ml (50mg/ml) Tolazoline HCl 10ml (200mg/ml) How much does BAM cost?
The complete BAM kit now costs $225.
How many deer can a BAM Kit immobilize? Depending on the number of bucks, does and fawns you need to immobilize, one Kit will anesthetize on average, 6-7 deer.
Opioidy Receptorov pecifick farmaka - vzba na opitov receptory m, kappa, delta, sigma. Modifikuj vnmanie bolestivch podnetov. Hlavn predstavitelia opioidov. Etorfin (Imobilon), Fentanil a jeho derivty alfentanil, sufentanil, carfentanil, remifentanil Na Slovensku neregistrovan prpravky Etorfin v preparte Imobilon Large Animal je - 2,45 mg v 1 ml etorfinu, Imobilon Small Animal obsahuje - 0,074 mg v 1 ml etorfinu, pouva sa v kombincii s xylazinom, detomidinom, a acetylpromazinom. Vyvinut pre Africk Herbivora,antilopy ,jedinn mon pouitie pre vitlnu zver, V ramci SR= Zubor, dospel medved, jelen z prrody,nie oborov chov. Dvkovanie: Imobilon Large Animal - pre psa 0,25 ml na 50 kg .hm. Imobilon Small Animal - pre psa 0,5 ml na 4 kg .hm. Nstup inku: podanie i.m. za 5-10 min. i.v. za 1 min. Dka inku: bez podania antagonistu niekoko hodn. Po podan antagonistu do 1 min. Antagonista: Diprenorfin (Revivon) Naloxon hydrochlorid (Naloxon), Naltrexon Prznaky po i.m. aplikcii: ataxia (nesmernos pohybu), dyskoordincia pohybov, vysok stepovanie, vysok dranie hlavy, tlaenie hlavy do kta, strata strachu z loveka. Vhody: Vek terapeutick rka, rchly nstup inku, mal objem dvky, kompatibiln s ostatnmi farmakami, nepsob iritciu po i.m. aplikcii, zachovva reflexn aktivity, monos antagonizcie inku.
Nevhody:
Rozdielne dvkovanie u rznych druhov zvierat, u niektorch druhov zvierat vysok exitcia, svalov rigidita (stuhlos) u kopytnkov, depresia respiratornho a kaovho centra, inhibcia gastrointestinlnej motility a motility rumenu (bachora), hypertenzia (zvenie krvnho tlaku) u zvierat koovitch a prevavcov, niekedy pokles telesnej teploty, zvenie srdenej frekvencie u zvierat koovitch a antilop, znenie srdenej frekvencie a krvnho tlaku u eliem.Zachovanie celkovej citlivosti., Torbugesik (butorfanoltartart) 10 mg v 1 ml. Torbugesik je syntetick opitov analgetikum a antitusikum. M 5x vy analgetick inok ako morfin a je 20x silnejie antitusikum ako kodein. Ako agonista psob predovetkm na kapa receptoroch, ktor s zodpovedn za analgzu. Pouva sa ako siln analgetikum, k premedikcii, v kombincii so sedatvami. Zniuje dvky anestetk a navodzuje vyrovnanej priebeh anestzie. Dvkovanie: Pes 0,1-0,4 mg/ kg .hm. Maka 0,1-0,4 mg/ kg .hm. Antagonista , Naltrexon,Naloxon 0,04 mg/ kg .hm.
Alfa agonist predstavitelia: Klonidin, Xylazn, Detomidin, Medetomidin Xylazn. Vo forme 2-10% roztoku. Zo suchej substancie meme pripravi koncentrciu a 500 mg v 1 ml. Pouva sa s opioidmi alebo ketamnom. Bene sa pouva k imobilizcii zvierat koovitch, prevavcov, opanch, msoravcov a vtkov. Dvkovanie: Pes 1-3 mg/ kg .hm. i.m., i.v. Maka 1-2 mg/ kg .hm., i. m., i.v. Dvkovanie spolu s ketamnom: Pes 10-20 mg/ kg .hm. ketamnu + 1-2 mg/ kg .hm. xylaznu i.m.,i.v. Maka 10-15 mg/ kg .hm. ketamnu + 0,5-1 mg/ kg .hm. xylaznu i.m., i.v. Rompun 2% v 1 ml je 20 mg xylaznu. Rometar 2% v 1 ml je 20 mg xylaznu. Sedazin 10% v 1 ml je 100 mg xylaznu as nstupu inku podan i.m. za 3-6 mint, i.v. za 1-2 minty Doba inku zvis od dvky, je do 2-4 hodn. Vhody: Rchle vstrebvanie, analgetick inok, slab analgzia na konatinch, kompatibiln s ostatnmi ltkami, napr. s etorfinom, monos antagonizova pecifickm antagonistom. Nevhody: Spsobuje vomitus (vracanie) u msoravcov, spsobuje pokles srdenej frekvencie a krvnho tlaku, spsobuje zdutie u prevavcov, me spsobi potrat u gravidnch zvierat, vkyvy v telesnej teplote. Hellabrunnsk zmes: Prprava: 500 mg suchej substancie xylaznu sa rozpust v 4 ml 10% ketamnu. Dostaneme zmes, kde v 1 ml je 100 mg ketamnu a 125 mg xylaznu. Dvkovanie: Vek pes 1-1,5 ml pro toto. Lka 0,8-1 ml pro toto. Maka 0,06 ml pro toto Antagonista: Yohinbin (Yobine) 0,125 mg/kg .hm.=nepecifick Atipamezol Antisedan 1ml/100mg Xylazinu Tolazolini hydrochloridum (Divascol) 10 mg v 1 ml., dvka 1,5 mg/kg .hm.
Detomidin.
Domosedan 10 mg v 1 ml detomidinu. Dvkovanie:0,02-0,08 mg/kg .hm. podva sa i.m., i.v. u kon i a hovdzieho dobytka Vhody: Vemi podobn xylaznu, lepia sedcia, analgza a svalov relaxcia, kompatibiln s etofinom, monos antagonizcie inku. Nevhody: Podobn ako u xylaznu , lene v menom rozsahu. Medetomidin. Domitor 1 mg je v 1 ml medetomidinu. Dvkovanie: Pes 0,1-0,8 mg/ kg .hm. Maka 0,5-1,5 mg/ kg .hm. Aplikuje sa i.v., i.m.. Nstup inku po i.m. inj. za 5-10 min., po i.v. inj. za 2-3 min. Maximlni inok za 10-15 min. Vhody a nevhody ako u detomidinu.
Hypnotika predstavitelia:
Barbiturty, Etomidt (Hypnomidte), Metomidt (Hypnodil), Steroidn anestetik, Propofol Benzodiazepiny predstavitelia: Diazepam, Flunitrazepam, Midazolan, Climazolan Neuroleptika predstavitelia: Chlorpromazin, Acetylpromazin, Propionylpromazin (Combelen), Dehydrobenzperidol, Azaperon (Stressnil) Fenothiaziny predstavitelia: Propionylpromazin (Combelen), Acetylpromazin (Vetranquil) Fenothiziny podvame samotn, alebo v kombincii s etorfinom k imobilizcii kopytnkov. Acetylpromazin. Vetranquil 1% inj. to je 10 mg v 1 ml. acetpromazinu. Dvkovanie: Pes 0,5-1,0 ml/10 kg ,hm. i.m. inj. Maka 0,1 ml/ kg .hm. i.m. inj. as nstupu inku po i.m. inj. je za 8-12 min. ,i.v. inj. je za 1-2 min. Dka inku je 4-6 hodn. Vhody: Antikonvulzivny inok (protikov), antiemetick inok (proti zvracaniu), prevencia proti kinetozam. Nevhody: Pomal nstup inku, obasn exitcie, strata strachu pred lovekom, pokles krvnho tlaku, ovplyvuje termoregulciu. Butyrofenony predstavite: Azaperon (Stresnil) Azaperon. Stresnil. Obsahuje 40 mg azaperonu v 1 ml. Neuroleptikum ako sas imobilizanch zmes pre zvierat koovit, antilopy, nosoroce, slony, opan. as nstupu inku po i.m. inj. je za 3-8 min., i.v. inj. je za 1-2 min. Dka inku je 2-8 hodn v zvislosti od druhu zvieraa.v kombincii s etorfinom , 30mg A na 1mg E Vhody: Vynikajci transkvilizan inok, minimlne ovplyvnenie kardiovaskulrneho systmu, minimlne ovplyvnenie termoregulanho systmu, kompaktibilita s etorfinom, transkvilizcia vhodn na transport. Nevhody: Vo vych dvkach vskyt nepokoja.
Nepecifick antagonisti. Respirot sol.- kvapk sa do nosa , alebo pod jazyk, respiran analeptikum. Dopram-V inj.- respiran analepticum podva sa i.v., s.c., per os. A to 5,0 mg/ kg .hm. Divascol (tolazolin)- alfa2 agonisti 10 mg v 1 ml, dvka 1,5 mg/ kg .hm. Antisedan inj.(antipamezol), 5,0 mg v 1 ml, dvka pes 0,4 ml/10 kg .hm., maka 0,2 ml/ 5 kg .hm..Antagonizuje xylazn, detomidin, medetomidin. Yohinbin inj.Yobine) 2 mg v 1 ml., dvka 0,125 mg/ kg .hm. Kofen antagonizuje benzodiazepiny. Fysostigmin antagonizuje ketamin, dehydrobenzperidol, benzodiazepiny. pecifick antagonisti. Naloxon antagonizuje opioidy, Flumazenil antagonizuje benzodiazepiny, Atipamezol ( Antisedan) antagonizuje alfa2 - agonistov. Eutanazik (ltky na humnne usmrtenie). T61 -phenobarbital Dvka: Pes i.v. 0,3 ml/ kg .hm., intra pulmonlne (do pc) do 10 kg .hm. 7-10 ml, nad 10 kg .hm. 10-20 ml. Maka intra pulmonlne 3 ml do 6 mesiacov, 5 ml nad 6 mesiacov, 10 ml nad 5 kg Thiopentl: Pripravi 5% roztok t.j. 19 ml inj, vody do 1 g Thiopentlu. Poda i.v. 20 a viac mg. na 1 kg .hm., rchlo. Infuzny Roztok KCl=
Disociativn anestetika. Tmito anestetikami navodzujeme anestzu psobenm derivtov cyklohexylamnov. Strata vedomia sa bli halucinatornmu stavu. Ovplyvuj cez nervov systm CNS a opitove receptory. Disociatvne anestetika predstavitelia: Fencyklidin, Tiletamin, Ketamn Ketamn. Dvkovanie: Ketamn 5% v 1 ml je 50 mg innej ltky. Maka sedcia 5-10 mg/kg .hm. Maka anestza 20-25 mg/kg .hm. Pes s kombinciou xylaznu 1-2 mg/kg .hm. + ketamn 10-20 mg/kg .hm. sasne, alebo postupne. Ketalar 10% v 1 ml je 100 mg ketamnu. Narkamon 5% v 1 ml je 50 mg ketamnu. Narketan 10% v 1 ml je 100 mg ketamnu. Nstup inku: podanie i.m. inj. za 3-8 min., i.v. inj. ihne. Dka inku: relatvne krtka 1-3 hod. Vhody: Rzne aplikan cesty: i.m., i.v., perorlne, nasaln, rektlne, rchle vstrebvanie, prehltacie reflexy zachovan. Mierny tlm dychovho centra., stimulcia krvnho obehu, dobra analgza. Nevhody: Zven salivcia, slab svalov relaxcia, ovplyvnenie termoregulcie, vskyt psychomimetickch prznakov, kornelne pokodenie, alebo pokodenie sietnice slnkom pri otvorench oiach, bolesti pri i.m. aplikcii, zvenie krvnho a vntrolebenho tlaku, kontraindikcia u zvierat s poranenm hlavy.Neexistuje pecifick antidotum. Tiletamin + zolazepam. Telazol (tiletamin hydrochlorid + zolazepam hydrochlorid) such substancia 500 mg v jednej ampulke. Zoletil 50 (tiletaminum hydrochlorid + zolazepam hydrochlorid) such substancia 250 mg v jednej ampulke. Zoletil 100 (tiletaminum hydrochlorid + zolazepam hydrochlorid) such substancia 500 mg v jednej ampulke. Dvkovanie: Pes 3-5 mg/kg .hm. Maka 8-10 mg/kg .hm., pre chirurgick zkroky 10-12 mg/kg .hm. Korytnaka 15-20 mg/kg .hm. Had 15-30 mg/kg .hm. Krokodl 2-8 mg/kg .hm. Jatery 1-4 mg/kg .hm. Vhody: Vek terapeutick rka, dobr svalov relaxcia, dobr analgzia, minimlne ovplyvnenie respiranch a kardiovaskulrnych parametrov, rchle, hladk zotavovanie. Nevhody:
Benzodiazepiny predstavitelia: Diazepam, Flunitrazepam, Midazolan, Climazolan Neuroleptika predstavitelia: Chlorpromazin, Acetylpromazin, Propionylpromazin (Combelen), Dehydrobenzperidol, Azaperon (Stressnil) Fenothiaziny predstavitelia: Propionylpromazin (Combelen), Acetylpromazin (Vetranquil) Fenothiziny podvame samotn, alebo v kombincii s etorfinom k imobilizcii kopytnkov. Acetylpromazin. Vetranquil 1% inj. to je 10 mg v 1 ml. acetpromazinu. Dvkovanie: Pes 0,5-1,0 ml/10 kg ,hm. i.m. inj. Maka 0,1 ml/ kg .hm. i.m. inj. as nstupu inku po i.m. inj. je za 8-12 min. ,i.v. inj. je za 1-2 min. Dka inku je 4-6 hodn. Vhody: Antikonvulzivny inok (protikov), antiemetick inok (proti zvracaniu), prevencia proti kinetozam. Nevhody: Pomal nstup inku, obasn exitcie, strata strachu pred lovekom, pokles krvnho tlaku, ovplyvuje termoregulciu. Butyrofenony predstavite: Azaperon (Stresnil) Azaperon. Stresnil. Obsahuje 40 mg azaperonu v 1 ml. Neuroleptikum ako sas imobilizanch zmes pre zvierat koovit, antilopy, nosoroce, slony, opan. as nstupu inku po i.m. inj. je za 3-8 min., i.v. inj. je za 1-2 min. Dka inku je 2-8 hodn v zvislosti od druhu zvieraa.v kombincii s etorfinom , 30mg A na 1mg E Vhody: Vynikajci transkvilizan inok, minimlne ovplyvnenie kardiovaskulrneho systmu, minimlne ovplyvnenie termoregulanho systmu, kompaktibilita s etorfinom, transkvilizcia vhodn na transport.
Nevhody: Vo vych dvkach vskyt nepokoja. Nepecifick antagonisti. Respirot sol.- kvapk sa do nosa , alebo pod jazyk, respiran analeptikum. Dopram-V inj.- respiran analepticum podva sa i.v., s.c., per os. A to 5,0 mg/ kg .hm. Divascol (tolazolin)- alfa2 agonisti 10 mg v 1 ml, dvka 1,5 mg/ kg .hm. Antisedan inj.(antipamezol), 5,0 mg v 1 ml, dvka pes 0,4 ml/10 kg .hm., maka 0,2 ml/ 5 kg .hm..Antagonizuje xylazn, detomidin, medetomidin. Yohinbin inj.Yobine) 2 mg v 1 ml., dvka 0,125 mg/ kg .hm. Kofen antagonizuje benzodiazepiny. Fysostigmin antagonizuje ketamin, dehydrobenzperidol, benzodiazepiny. pecifick antagonisti. Naloxon antagonizuje opioidy, Flumazenil antagonizuje benzodiazepiny, Atipamezol ( Antisedan) antagonizuje alfa2 - agonistov.
Nevhody: Zven salivca, pripraven roztok dra v chladnike a spotrebova do jednho tda. Prprava zmes z Telazolu a Zoletilu 50. Zmes TTX pre psov: Telazol 500 mg + xylazn 10% 0,6 ml + Torbugesik 1% 1 ml + Fyziologick roztok 3,4 ml. Dvkovanie: 1,0 ml/ 15-30 kg .hm. Zmes TKX pre maky: Telazol 500 mg + ketamn 10% 4 ml + xylazn 10% 1 ml. Dvkovanie: 0,03 ml/kg .hm. Viedensk zmes: Telazol 500 mg + 5 ml xylazn 10% 1 ml. Dvkovanie: 3 ml/ na kus u dospelho daniela. Pouitie Telazolu u diviakov: Riedenie: Telazol 500 mg + ketamn 10% 4 ml + xylazn 10% 1 ml. Dvkovanie: 1 ml/ 22-33 kg .hm. Zoletil 50 sa riedi ako Telazol len s polovinmi dvkami a dvkuje sa ako zmesi Telazolu. Zoletil 100 sa ried a dvkuje ako Telazul.
Drugs
Two
Broad Categories
through paralysis
Alter perception of environment Alleviate fear and anxiety Depress motor activity
Three
major types
Opioids
Morphine-like
Highly potent Effective in small volumes Wide margin of safety Can be immediately reversed
Cause
Commonly
species
Opioids
Common
Take
Cyclohexamines
Produce
altered consciousness
Dissociate mental state from environmental stimulation Retain many vital reflexes
Cannot
motion
Cyclohexamines
Common
Cyclohexamines:
Neuroleptics
Produce
Referred
Does
Neuroleptics
Neuroleptics
Commonly
Very
used neuroleptics:
Diazapam (Valium)
wide margin of safety Calming effect and muscle relaxation
wide margin of safety Drug of choice for carnivores and ungulates Immediately, completely reversible ->Tolazine
Drug Mixtures
Three
Tiers:
knockdown power, short duration
reversal
Drug Dosages
How much does the animal weigh (kg)? What is the recommended drug dosage for the species we are working with? What is the concentration of the medication we are using?
Deer
Separated
Typically
a xylazine/Telazol mixture
Reversal
Summary
Chemical
immobilization can be beneficial, but there are many risks involved although a popular method, requires practice and patience
Success rates are variable usually something goes wrong Prior to the shot you must know:
Approx.
Darting,
weight of animal you are shooting Almost exact distance to target, within 1-3 yards
Summary
Drugs
Many various types used in wildlife immobilization Xylazine (Rompun) Tiletamine + zolazepam (Telazol) Ketamine Carfentanil
Summary
Drugs
What is it?
Anesthesia
Can
Objectives
Handle
Inflicts
least amount of stress and pain to animal Has least risk of injury to both animal and handler
Requires:
Patience Humaneness Animal
as a last resort
When
all other means of restraint are insufficient Does the need to capture or handle this animal justify risking this animals life?
Commonly
Pros
Research
Attaching radio collars, ear tags, etc. Taking blood or other samples Moving an animal from one location to another
Less
Cons
Cost
Drugs
$15-$30
(per deer)
Equipment
Darts
Cons
Cant
Risks
Cons
Risks
cont.
Fleeing animals have a higher chance of building up heat, and reacting poorly to the drug Ungulates and small mammals in recovery are more susceptible to predation Can cause social stress
Change
Cons
Risks
to humans
Risk from animals before they are knockedout Risk from accidental exposure to the lethal drugs
Drug Administration
4
basic types:
Hand injection with syringe Pole syringe jabstick Blow gun Dart gun
Ungulates
Since
Easiest
Carnivores
Trapping
Small Mammals
Usually
Raccoons usually immobilized with jab-stick, as they can carry rabies Other small mammals immobilized with a handheld syringe or a jabstick
Darting
When How
Darting Considerations
Will
Will
Darting Considerations
Will
the dart deliver complete drug injection? the dart strike with excessive impact and cause injury?
the wound become infected?
Will
Will
charged rifle
types of darts:
1 3cc
Radio-tracking darts
Helpful
slowly, quietly
Assess
depth of anesthesia
positioning
eyes
vital signs
Removal
animal until complete recovery If animal does not recover properly, then euthanasia may be the only option