SCANNING

TV SYSTEMS

Submitted byNeeraj Nagoriya 0112EC081051

Television

to see from a distance. First demonstration in1927 by J.L.Baird & C.F.Jenkins. First successful demonstration using CRT (V.K.Zworykin, USA 1930)

Transmission in India started in1959 employing 625-B monochrome system.

Elements of TV system

Picture Transmission Sound Transmission Picture Reception Sound Reception Synchronization

Picture tube & Camera tube

Scanning
Conversion-optical-electrical Types

Horizontal scanning Vertical scanning

525, 625, 819 are three monochrome TV systems. NTSC, PAL, SECAM are three colour TV systems. Bandwidth in India 7 MHz.

Horizontal scanning
The electron beam moves from left to right(trace motion). From right to left(retrace or flyback motion).

Horizontal scanning
Trace period-52us Retrace period-12us Frequence-15625Hz

Vertical scanning
The electron beam is deflected from top to bottom(linear vertical trace) Trace period-18.720ms

Vertical scanning
From bottom to top(vertical retrace). Retrace period-1.280ms

Problems

Flicker blank period between two successive frames.

Remedy-Interlaced scanning.

Synchronization problem.
Remedy-Synchronization pulse is transmitted between trace & retrace interval.

Scanning periods

Thank you