Human Rights Violations Committed by the Syrian Regime

15 March - 15 October
LCC Media Office 11/7/2011

Some of the most prominent violations committed by the Syrian Regime in the period between 15 March and 15 October 2011

Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................................................... 4 March 2011 ............................................................................................................................................... 6 Damascus .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Daraa ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 April 2011 .................................................................................................................................................. 8 Daraa ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 10 Storming of Talbeiseh and Rastan ............................................................................................ 10 Banyas and the events of Bayda ................................................................................................ 11 Jableh ................................................................................................................................................... 11 Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 11 Increase in arrests and torture .................................................................................................. 12 May 2011................................................................................................................................................. 15 The siege on Talbeiseh and Rastan continues ..................................................................... 15 Mass graves in Daraa ..................................................................................................................... 15 Besieging and invading Banyas ................................................................................................. 16 Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 16 Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 16 Daraa .................................................................................................................................................... 16 Crimes against humanity in Talkalakh ................................................................................... 17 Idlib ....................................................................................................................................................... 18 Aleppo.................................................................................................................................................. 18 Brutal Torture of Detainees ........................................................................................................ 19 June 2011 ................................................................................................................................................ 21 Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 21 Damascus ........................................................................................................................................... 21 Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 21 Lattakia ............................................................................................................................................... 22 Idlib ....................................................................................................................................................... 22 Daraa .................................................................................................................................................... 22 Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 23 Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 24 July 2011 ................................................................................................................................................. 26 Page 2 of 70

Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 26 Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 27 Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 28 Deir Ezzor ........................................................................................................................................... 30 Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 30 Lattakia ............................................................................................................................................... 30 August 2011 ........................................................................................................................................... 32 Hama .................................................................................................................................................... 32 Lattakia ............................................................................................................................................... 32 Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 33 Damascus and its suburbs ........................................................................................................... 34 Daraa .................................................................................................................................................... 34 Detainees ............................................................................................................................................ 35 September 2011 ................................................................................................................................... 38 Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 38 Damascus suburbs .......................................................................................................................... 38 1-15 October 2011 .............................................................................................................................. 40 Homs .................................................................................................................................................... 40 Qamishli .............................................................................................................................................. 40 Special Cases .......................................................................................................................................... 42 Taking revenge on the families of activists and defected soldiers............................... 42 Taking revenge on the family of the lieutenant colonel Hussein Harmoush ........... 42 Targeting doctors and medical personnel ............................................................................. 42 Death during detention ................................................................................................................. 44 Bibliography........................................................................................................................................... 70

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Preface
A few weeks after the collapse of the Egyptian regime, under pressure of popular revolt, it became obvious that history is being written in the region. These changes came in ways that did not align with the intentions of the regional aging authoritarian regimes that maintained their power and corrupted their countriesat the expense of their own people and their basic rights to a dignified life. Despite the long years of oppression, it was obvious that many other countries were not far from this tide of change, and demonstrations spread to include other countries such as Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, and Syria. Those demonstrations took on various forms, as did the response of the respective oppressive regimes. An oppressive regime such as that of Syria has always treated the country as personal property. This was obvious in the year 2000, when power was inherited by the son from the father, yet the same violent, oppressive methods continued to rob the Syrian people, prevent them from living in dignity, and prohibit them from participating in shaping the fate of their country. The essence of such a regime was to work ensure, by all means possible, that all potential solutions to the developing crisis in Syria were eliminated. In this manner, the regime made itself the only viable solution and possible replacement for itself. It was only natural for such a regime to lack the ability to adapt to change, and it was incapable of finding practical ways out of the crisis that tired the Syrian people and dried up their resources. The demonstrations, which started concurrently in several Syrian cities in midMarch, have posed a serious challenge to the regime, and have shown a firm disobedience in the face of a power that was always portrayed as absolute. Thus came the decision from the regime to face the peaceful demonstrations with unprecedented brutality. The regime started by using their famous sill-reputed Security Forces, which have a long history of criminal behavior. They clashed with the unarmed Syrian people, carrying out wide range of random civilian arrests regardless of the age and gender of the detainees. Even children were not spared from the brutal torture in detention basements; many children were returned to their families as unidentified, faceless bodies. The regime has resorted to using live bullets from day one, and has also used military helicopters to open fire on demonstrators in the city of Daraa, the birth place of all Syrian Revolution demonstrations. All this has occurred in the midst of media blackouts, where international and independent media, as well as human rights organizations, have been denied entry into Syria to document and witness the Page 4 of 70

daily-committed violations, because a killer does not bring witnesses to his crime scene. When demonstrations spread across the nation, when every new funeral turned to an angry demonstration, and when every demonstrator became a potential martyr, the regime participated in raising the demands of the people to reach the downfall of the entire regime with all its people and symbols. The regime has driven the country and themselves to the point of no return, and their remaining in power is now considered a grave danger to the lives of the Syrians as well as to the future of the nation and the region as a whole. The oppressive regime in Syria used all its military and security forces against their unarmed people, waging open war on the crowds of peaceful demonstrators. In some documented cases, the regime used military equipment such as helicopters, armored sea vessels, and military tanks, to bomb residential neighborhoods in many cities. This is in addition to using internationally banned weapons, such as poison gas and expanding bullets, to disperse peaceful demonstrators. Many public venues, such as cinemas, stadiums, and theaters, were turned into detention centers in which systematic brutal torture occurred, resulting in many death-under-torture cases. In addition, there have been several forced disappearance of citizens who were kidnapped for months, and disappeared completely thereafter. There are many documented cases of hospitals that were invaded to prevent treating the wounded; in some cases, the wounded were detained or even killed. All of the above happened during seven months of an almost complete international silence, save a few shy statements by the international community that did not reach the point of condemning those documented cases as crimes against humanity. It is unacceptable for the Arab nations, the Arab League, and the United Nations and their organizations to remain on an undecided weak stance. They have not been able, so far, to adopt one serious and strong move to stop the instruments of this regime from committing more crimes and violations against the peaceful people who are merely demanding their basic rights. This hesitance and the lack of a conclusive stance is sending very negative signs to the Syrian people, who are starting to consider this indirect participation in the ongoing assault against. This also gives the regime the leeway to continue its nihilistic approach, and provides incentives to similar regimes in the world to commit atrocities against their own people and remain unaccountable. We now bring this file before you and expect a serious and firm stance that acknowledges that the Syrian people are fellow humans and should treated as such; and decisive action that corresponds with the substance and basis of international law, as well as the concepts of international human rights.

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March 2011
Damascus
On March 15, in response to successive calls on Facebook, the the social networking site, dozens participated in a demonstration in downtown Damascus, calling for freedom. A demonstration started from in front of the Umayyad Mosque, passed through Hamidieh Market, and headed towards Hariqa. Security forces forcefully dispersed the demonstration and detained three young men and a young woman who were participating in the protest.

The next day, dozens of activists and families of the detained participated in a peaceful sit-in front of the headquarters of the Interior Ministry in Damascus to demand the release of prisoners of conscience and political prisoners in Syria. Security forces that were present suddenly violently attacked the sit-in and arrested more than 25 people, after they had been severely beaten by security forces and armed gangs (shabiha). Among them were the opposition figure Suheir Atassi, activist Dana Jawabra, and the intellectual Tayyeb Tizini.

Daraa
On March 18, demonstrations came out in the city of Daraa. As background, several children had been arrested after they wrote anti-Assad slogans on their school walls. Security forces opened fire on demonstrators in the city of Daraa, killing several of them. This instigated demonstrations over the following days, all met by repeated campaign of firing live bullets to quell demonstrations. Soon, the demonstrations spread to several cities in Syria, and all were met by the same violence. The situation escalated when security forces targeted the Omari Mosque in Daraa, where the demonstrations started and which became a field hospital for those wounded by security forces bullets and gas bombs. On March 23, 58 people died during the invasion, which is documented. Here are some videos exposing the evidence of the Omari massacre.

On March 25, demonstrators took to the streets in the city of Sanamayn when security forces opened random fire; this led to many deaths and wounded. The next day, when families went to the funerals of the martyrs, security forces opened fire on them yet again. This led to more deaths of martyrs. The number of people killed in those two days was 13. Page 6 of 70

The following video shows some of the victims

Lattakia Security forces fired bullets at peaceful demonstrators in the city of Lattakia and killed 22 people. This video shows one martyr of Lattakia who was killed by security bullets during a peaceful demonstration.

This section of a clip shows one of the martyrs of Lattakia, who was shot by security forces during a peaceful demonstration

By the end of March, the number of martyrs reached 119, including only five soldiers. The remainders of those killed were civilians, the majority of whom were killed in the city. They include six children, four of whom were from Hama and two from Lattakia.

Martyrs of March 2011

Idlib, 1 Hasakeh, 1

Homs, 3

Lattakia, 22 Daraa, 92

Hundreds were arrested from several cities that witnessed peaceful demonstrations. The following is a list of more than four hundred detainees from the mentioned period, which is reflected in the list via this link

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April 2011
The wave of violence by security forces and the Syrian army escalated against peaceful demonstrators with the expansion of these demonstrations and their spread throughout most of the country. The month of April witnessed a massive rise in the number of those killed and wounded by security forces gunfire.

Daraa
On April 1, the people of Daraa attempted to stage a sit-in front of the governors house in Daraa Al-Mahata, after many had been martyred in the past days. The security forces opened random fire on the people. As a result, many were wounded and martyred. One of those wounded in Daraa on the first of April:

On the same date, security forces opened fire on demonstrators in the town of Inkhil in Daraa. Many were wounded as a result.

Successive security operations in the city of Daraa were aimed at suppressing the peaceful protests. Dozens were killed and hundreds arrested. Even medical staff were targeted. This video shows the targeting of an ambulance resulting in the death of one of the emergency responders on 8-4-2011

The following clip shows some of those martyred on this day:

Here are some of the martyrs from the city of Izraa on Good Friday 22-4-2011:

Martyrdom of the young man in the town of Nu'aima in the city of Daraa 24-4-2011:

The martyr Bilal Shawha in the town of Izraa, Daraa 22-4-2011:

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The martyr Amjad Awad Al-Hussein, 22, was a student at Damascus University, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, and a resident of the city of Sheikh Miskeen. He was martyred on 23-4-2011.

On April 25, the Syrian army raided the city of Daraa and was reinforced by tanks and machinery. Water, electricity, telephone lines, and the Internet were cut off from the city. The raid resulted in the death of 25 people. Army forces also destroyed the water tank in the city the day after the raid. Security enhancements and new military forces entered the city the next day. Bread and medicine were forbidden from entering the city, as per the provisions of the siege, resulting in the worsening of the humanitarian situation there. Hamza Al-Bakr, a guard at the Industrial Bank in Daraa, was shot dead in Daraa and then was burned inside one of the shops on 26-4-2011.

On the 28th of the same month, Daraa was bombarded with a barrage of shells and flames, which could be seen from 15 km away. Snipers were deployed on rooftops and fired at those who tried to save injured people in the streets or attempted to obtain food or medicine for their families. On April 29, the army and security forces committed the Massacre of Saida Bridge. They randomly opened fire at thousands of protesters who came from towns surrounding the city of Daraa. They brought with them milk and bread to break the siege. The following video clips show clearly how security forces and the army began firing at the peaceful demonstrators.

The martyr Abdel Muhsin Shehada Awad Abazeid, who was 83 years old:

The number of victims of this massacre reached at least 91; this is the number of verified names. In addition, hundreds of people were arrested, many of whom are still detained. Others were killed and tortured and their bodies were handed over to their families at a later time.

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"The Syrian government is collectively punishing the residents of Daraa because some demonstrators from the town dared protest against it. It would appear that the government has a lot to hide, because it's refusing to let Daraa residents out or independent observers in." Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (1)

Homs
On April 1, the residents of Homs went out and chanted peacefully for the fall of the regime, at which point security forced opened fire directly at demonstrators, resulting in nine martyrs. Among the martyrs were two women. The following video shows some of the injured.

On the April 18, security forces killed eleven people in Bab Sebaa'. Their funerals were conducted on the following day. Thousands of mourners attended the funeral, their lines reaching the Clock Plaza, where tens of thousands aimed to stage a peaceful sit-in. After midnight, army officers fired indiscriminately on demonstrators, leading to the death and wounding of dozens in the massacre now known as the Massacre of the Clock (Plaza).

In the city of Hawla, on April 12, security forces opened fire on demonstrators, resulting in the fall of nine martyrs.

Storming of Talbeiseh and Rastan

On April 16, several demonstrators staged a sit-in in one of the public squares in the city of Talbeiseh. Security forces, however, attacked and fired at them, resulting in the fall of several martyrs and wounded. The next day, military reinforcements arrived, accompanied by security forces, armed military vehicles, and heavy weaponry. The city that had held funerals for its martyrs the day before was besieged. Security forces, again, opened fire on mourners, leading to a number of dead and wounded. On April 29, a demonstration took place in Talbeiseh and Rastan. On that same day, dozens of Baath Party officials in Rastan announced their resignation, which indicated a big challenge to the regime. The regime responded by meeting peaceful demonstrators with even more force and violence, opening fire on them yet again; this resulted in more death and injuries.

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During the month of April, the number of martyrs in Talbeiseh and Rastan reached 47.

Banyas and the events of Bayda

On April 9, more than 5,000 security forces, military personnel, and armed gangs (shabiha), raided the town of Bayda and Banyas. Most of the young men of the city were arrested and tortured in an animalistic manner, as shown in the following clips.

On April 10, 33 martyrs fell in Banyas due to security forces and armed thugs (shabiha) gunfire during their raid of the city.

Jableh
On April 14, security forces fired randomly at mourners in a funeral in the city, resulting in the fall of 19 martyrs, whose names are confirmed.

Damascus and its suburbs

Raids in the city of Douma and the Damascus suburbs, which were among the first to go out in mass demonstrations, resulted in the death of dozens by security forces bullets. Likewise, there were raids in the cities of Darayya, Mo'adamya in the suburbs, and Barzeh in Damascus, in an attempt to contain the spread of demonstrations and the demand for the departure of the regime, which resulted in hundreds of deaths and thousands of detainees. Among the martyrs of the massacre of Douma on April 3:

The following video shows one of the martyrs of Mo'adamya, Mouhideen Damrani, who was killed by a security force bullet on April 5.

On April 22, the martyr Mo'ataz Sha'ar, 22, went out after the demonstration of Hassan Mosque. After he returned to his residence in Darayya, Damascus, he joined a demonstration there. Bullets and tear gas were dispersed, and he was hit by two bullets. When his father attempted to save him, security forces stopped them at a checkpoint and tortured the father as the son bled. The martyrs two siblings, who were children, were also arrested. The following link contains an image of the martyr and his father, with obvious signs of torture on the fathers body. Page 11 of 70

Also on April 22, a young child was martyred due to a bullet to the eye in the region of Barzeh in Damascus.

Increase in arrests and torture

There was an increase in random arrests in various cities that were experiencing demonstrations. There were frequent reports of detainees being subjected to various forms of torture. "Alkarama has received confirmation from Syria that 716 people were arrested during protests between 9 April and 2 May 2011. While Alkarama has alerted the UN human rights procedures of this staggering figure, Syrian NGOs claim that the total number of arrests is closer to a thousand, since protests began in mid-March 2011." Alkarama report 6-5-2011 (2) The following video clips show the security forces machinery torturing children arrested in the city of Douma during April 2011.

"Syrian security and intelligence services have arbitrarily detained hundreds of protesters across the country, subjecting them to torture and ill-treatment, since antigovernment demonstrations began in mid-March 2011, Human Rights Watch said today." "Many of those interviewed shortly after their release still had traces of bruises on their faces and heads. One, a 17-year-old, could hardly move - he needed assistance sitting down and standing up. Human Rights Watch reviewed video footage showing evidence of severe beatings on the face and arms of another child, described in the footage as a 12-year-old from Douma, a town near Damascus." Joe Stork, deputy Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (3)

Evidence of torture of released detainees arrested in Banyas in April 2011

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The testimony of one of the doctors who treated some victims in one of Banyas hospitals: Today, we got around 30 cases of newly released detainees, most of whom had various types of injuries, grave bruises, broken ribs, psychological trauma, broken hands, broken legs, and many attempts to break the collar bone of the patients. I have to underline here that whoever was beating them is experienced enough to hurt the patient and induce pain without killing him. There are double fractures in the arms, one case of a broken skull, cases of throwing up and loss of balance. This requires an MRI scan to diagnose and treat, but there is no MRI machine in the hospital. There are bruises all over the patients bodies, especially the chest and the back, swollen eyes and bleeding under the eye. There are traces of sexual assault and sodomizing patients with sticks. Psychological traumas are common, especially when there is an intentional insult for patients beliefs. Patients were asked: who is your god and are forced to answer: Bashar Assad (Syrian president) is my god. Local Coordination Committees in Syria (4) "Syrian security forces in at least two towns prevented medical personnel and others from reaching wounded protesters on April 8, 2011, and prevented injured protesters from accessing hospitals, Human Rights Watch said." Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (5) This video shows abusing the body of one of the martyrs on the hands of security forces and their thugs (shabiha):

On 29 April 2011, Human Rights Council, in its exceptional 16 th meeting and in statement Number S-16/1, condemned the Syrian regimes use of excessive force against peaceful demonstrators. The council called for the regime for an immediate stop to all forms of violations and demanded that a fact-finding committee is urgently sent to Syria to investigate those violations. Human Rights Council report S-16/1 dated 29-4-2011 (6)

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The martyrs of the month of April reached 687 martyrs documented by name; among them are 126 military soldiers and 29 children in Daraa, Homs, Damascus suburbs, and Damascus; and six women.

Martyrs of April 2011

Hama, 29 Deir Ezzor, 10 Tartous, 46 Raqqa, 6 6 Hasakeh, Aleppo, 12 Swaida, 3

Idlib, 6

Lattakia, 62 Damascus & its suburbs, 123

Daraa, 238

Homs, 145

The Human Rights Violations Documenting Center in Syria has recorded 1,528 cases of detention in April 2011. All victims have been documented and their names verified. The center also stressed that the real number is much higher.

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May 2011
The siege on Talbeiseh and Rastan continues
While huge demonstrations in Talbeiseh and Al Rastan continued everyday, they reached an all-time high in the Humata Dyar Friday on May 27. The regime sent huge military reinforcements to besiege the two cities with tanks and heavy machinery, accompanied by a complete electricity blackout and water cutoff. This did not stop the people from demonstrating and calling for the downfall of the regime, which led security and army forces open live fire on these demonstrations, causing numerous casualties and leaving many wounded. The following few days witnessed heavy artillery shelling of Talbeiseh, destroying large parts of the city and leaving dozens wounded and injured.

Mass graves in Daraa

The siege on Daraa continued under security and army forces presence. This was accompanied by a complete communication blackout and arrest campaigns in which city schools were turned into detention centers. This went on until May 4, when the army started withdrawing their tanks and vehicles from the city while security checkpoints remained and the siege continued. Three mass graves were found in Daraa on May 16; many of the discovered bodies bore the signs of brutal torture. These bodies belonged to people who were detained by security forces during the siege that was imposed on the city of Daraa. One of these graves had the bodies of a full family: Abdulrazzak Abazeid, and his four children: Samir, Samer, Suleiman, and Mohammad.

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Besieging and invading Banyas

The siege on Banyas, the coastal city, started around the beginning of May, when security forces completely surrounded the city and closed its northern and southern entrances. At the same time, other troops entered the city to control the center, especially the main market area. On May 7, the real invasion of the city began; security forces and the army performed a search campaign and arrested hundreds. A nighttime demonstration of 150 women started, denouncing the siege campaign. Security forces opened fire on the women in the demonstration, killing 3 of them, as shown in the following video footage:

The security operation lasted for several days and was accompanied by a complete electricity blackout and water cutoff. Services were restored around May 11.

Damascus and its suburbs

On May 9, the city of Mo'adamya in the Damascus suburbs was invaded after a complete cutoff of power and cellular communications. Security and army checkpoints were installed amid heavy and random gunfire. On May 20, Saqba city was invaded by security forces and thugs (shabiha). Cars and stores were vandalized and hundreds of civilians were detained

Hama
On May 20, Omran Aldweik was participating in a peaceful demonstration in the city of Hama when security forces opened fire and he was shot in the leg. He fell to the ground in front of the Asfour Restaurant on Asi Square Street in the Hader area. Security forces, some in civilian clothing and others in full uniform, started beating him brutally until he died at their hands. This video shoes how he was beaten and how he died:

Daraa
On April 29, Hamza Al-Khateeb (13 years old) was arrested at an army checkpoint near Daraa, along with hundreds of others, as he was returning from Al-Jiza in an attempt to break the siege on Daraa.

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Security forces arrested him, along with others. All traces of Hamza vanished until May 25,when his body, bearing the signs of brutal torture and abuse, was returned to his parents.His genitals were also mutilated, as shown in this video:

Crimes against humanity in Talkalakh

On May 14, security forces and the army started a security operation in the city of Tal Kalakh near the Lebanese border after demonstrations calling for the downfall of the Syrian regime. This security operation lasted for a week and resulted in dozens of casualties. Thousands have been detained and displaced. "The brutal methods used in a devastating Syrian security operation in the western town of Tell Kalakh may constitute crimes against humanity, Amnesty International said today in a new report." Amnesty International report 6-7-2011 (7) Amnesty Document: "Crackdown in Syria: Terror in Tell Kalakh" (8) During this operation, dozens of martyrs fell. 35 names are documented so far. Hundreds of men, young and old, were detained and brutally tortured, which led to the death of more than 9 people in detention. Eight of those were shot they were activists in demonstrations. They were wounded when they were ordered out from one of the homes, then soldiers took them away. Their families were called two weeks later to go to the closest military hospital and identify the bodies of the eight men. Amnesty Internationals report stated that a medical examiner who works with the organization analyzed the photo of one of the men, Abdulrahman Abu Labdeh, and concluded that the man was injured severely in the face, shoulders, and neck while he was still alive. Some of the family members of these men said they were forced to sign a document that says that armed gangs killed their relatives.

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"The arrests started during the latest demonstrations on what was named "Freedom Friday" on 13 May 2011. Subsequently, the army greatly increased its presence, until it had one division and one regiment at hand, which equals about 244 military vehicles, including tanks, armored personnel carriers, etc. Also, various supporting forces from the Military Security, the Political Security, the State Security, as well as the Shabeehah were deployed. And while they were all wearing the same military uniform, we managed to distinguish them by the special shoes that the respective forces used." As for the crimes committed by the armed militias under the control of the regime, who came to be known under the name of Al-Shabeehah, two other Syrian refugees, Mr. M.Kh. and Mr. A.J., whom Alkarama met on 18 May 2011, stated that: "These unofficial and irregular forces carry out arrests of civilians, mostly of youth, as well as kill protestors by shooting at them from the roofs of buildings, hospitals and even mosques." They also added that the Shabeehah are also responsible for "the destruction and theft of people's property, such as their jewelry", as well as for "pursuing and chasing those who were about to flee to north Lebanon, in order to prevent them from reaching the Lebanese-Syrian border, fearing that otherwise the truth of what is happening would be revealed."" Alkarama report 8-7-2011 (9)

Idlib
On May 20, a massive demonstration of 10,000 people left Binnesh towards Idlib. Just before the demonstration reached the city, security forces and shabiha opened fire on demonstrators, leaving more than 50 dead and dozens wounded.

Aleppo
At the end of May, Dr. Sakhr Hallak from the city of Aleppo was assassinated. Dr. Hallak had visited the United States in April to attend a medical conference; he was arrested on May 25on his way home from his Aleppo clinic. The next morning, he telephoned a friend to tell him that he was being held at a security branch to be interrogated about his visit to the United States, that he was in good condition, and that he would be released soon. This friend visited Dr. Hallak in the security branch after the telephone call and told his family that Dr. Hallak was in good health. On May 28, Dr. Hallaks wife called the security forces branch and was told that her husband was on his way home. That night, the office of the medical examiner called the family and told them that they had a body that might belong to Dr. Hallak. When the body was examined, it became apparent that Dr. Hallak had been subjected to severe torture and had severe head trauma. His eyes and anus were deformed, all his ribs were broken, and there were marks from boots on his body. The cause of death was asphyxia as they could gather from the traces of a rope on Page 18 of 70

his fingers, probably from trying to untie the rope from his neck. There were also traces of handcuffs on his wrists. The following day, the body was delivered to the family. Two security service agents stayed with the body the whole time to prevent people from taking pictures of the body or attending the funeral. Only 200 mourners were allowed at the funeral. The body was transported to the cemetery in a security services car and they supervised the burial.

Brutal Torture of Detainees

On May 31, 2001, a general amnesty was announced. Hundreds of political prisoners were released later under this amnesty; however, thousands of protesters and activists were kept imprisoned and were subjected to the most brutal kinds of torture. The following videos show the cases of former detainees from Idlib, Hama, and Damascus suburbs in May 2011.

Kafarnubbul: Bruises and scratches on the leg and the left foot of one of the former detainees, who was tortured by Syrian security forces on May 5, 2011, from the town of Kafarnubbul, Idlib province, northwest Syria.

Hama: This video shows torture marks on the bodies of two former detainees from Hama city, May 6, 2011.

This video shows torture marks on the bodies of three former detainees from the city of Jisr Shughour, Idlib province, May 15, 2011.

This video shows torture marks on the body of a young man from Mo'adamya, Damascus suburbs, May 9, 2011, after he had been detained in prison for five days.

On May 30, the family of fallen hero Amir Qarah Dalli received his body. He died under torture after having been imprisoned on April 17, 2011

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On May 21, the body of the fallen hero Muhammad Masri was delivered. Masri; from Qusair, Homs, was a special-needs person (mental retardation). On May 19, he and his 22-years old brother Omar Masri were detained. Omar saw how his brother was beaten and harassed. Although Masris family brought the security police the medical statement that proves that Muhammad suffered from mental retardation, the security police released him as a corpse.

On May 30, the body of victim Amir Rakan Qurah Dali was delivered. He had been detained on April 17, and he was killed under torture in Baba Amr, Homs.

The overall number of Mays victims is 517: 75 from the military, 24 children, and 22 women.
Deir Ezzor, 13

Martyrs of April 2011

Banyas, 19 Lattakia, 10 Aleppo, 5 Hasakeh, 4 Raqqa, 3

Idlib, 52 Damascus and its suburbs, 29 Hama, 23

Daraa, 155

Homs, 203

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June 2011
Homs
The siege and shelling of the city of Rastan in Homs province continued, along with house raids and rampant looting of possessions, money, and gold during arrest campaigns that detained more than 1,000 people. On June 2, the road between AlRastan and Talbeiseh was blocked; snipers were heavily deployed around the road to prevent any assistance from nearby villages from getting in. A number of critical locations were broken into, namely pharmacies, in order to cut off medical supplies. Grocery stores were emptied of food, while detergents were left untouched. Shabiha and security forces also looted shops and took away the most expensive equipment, loading it onto trucks. In addition, they fired heavily in the neighborhood of the AlAshtar family, causing the martyrdom of 5 people. The number of martyrs in Rastan and Talbeiseh during the month of June was more than 40. Child and Martyr, Abdullah Juha, in the city of Rastan in Homs on June 18, 2011:

Damascus
On June 2, the body of Zaher Ahmed Al-Mubayyed was handed over to his family. He had died under torture. Earlier, on April 28, Al-Mubayyed was arrested at the checkpoint of Darayya-Mo'adamya. The 21-year-old worked in the furniture business. According to his friend, who was with him that day and was not arrested himself; Al-Mubayyed was arrested at the checkpoint because he refused to give them his ID card and his motorcycle [a common means of transportation in Syria]. When his father demanded his release, he was told Your son needs to be disciplined; we will discipline him and return him to you. They did return him, but as a dead body full of the signs of torture.

Hama
Massive demonstrations took place in the city of Hama on June 3, dubbed Friday of Freedoms Children. Security forces and shabiha confronted the demonstrations with heavy and random gunfire, killing and wounding dozens. Besides the more than 10 dead bodies found later, victims were killed and dumped unburied. The number of martyrs of Hama killed in June, as a result of the massacre committed on the third day of the month, was 68, including 7 children. Page 21 of 70

The following clips show some of the bodies of the martyrs killed on that day:

Lattakia
On June 10, approximately 20 martyrs were shot dead by security forces bullets in Al-Raml neighborhood in Lattakia. According to physicians testimonies and similar to what can be seen in the following video of one of the martyrs, most of the martyrs were shot in the head with explosive bullets:

The body of martyr Ismail Milish, in Al-Raml in Lattakia on June 10th

Idlib
On June 11, army and security forces were heavily deployed and spread in the area extending from Ariha to Jisr Shughour. In addition, they besieged Jisr Shughour from the north and the west, fired heavy machineguns, raided homes, destroyed property, and conducted a huge arrest campaign in Ariha. Security forces fired at residents using rifles, killing 10 victims, most of whom were shot in the head. The army fired heavily at, then stormed, the nearby village of Muhambel. Army forces fired indiscriminately at homes, killing the 50-year-old woman Khadija Mohammed Abu Naqra, who was standing on the roof of her house; and critically injuring her daughter Khaldieh AbdulAlim. Homes were searched and damaged, despite the fact that most residents had escaped and had been displaced to Jabal Zawyeh. Of those who remained in the village, about 90 were arrested.

Daraa
15-year-old Thamer Muhammad Al-Shari lived with his family in the city of Al-Jiza in Daraa province in Syria. On April 29, he was arrested under the same circumstances as 13-year-old Hamza Al-Khateeb [Hamza is mentioned before in this report]. Thamer Al-Shari was killed under torture; his body was handed over to his family on June 8. The following video shows the marks and signs of torture on the body of the child, Thamer Al-Shari:

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Also, during the same month, a leaked video showed dozens of dead bodies of martyrs who were killed by security forces bullets. The bodies were piled inside large refrigerator cars, to be taken away later.

In addition, a clip showing the martyrs of Al-Karak Mosque in Daraa was leaked. The clip shows the martyrs surrounded by soldiers laughing and throwing weapons around the victims.

"Alkarama is concerned at the ongoing widespread violation of human rights in Syria. On 14 June 2011, we submitted a new communication regarding a further 80 people who have been extra-judicially executed by the security forces, some dying under torture to the Special Rapporteur on Extra-judicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions. Alkarama was also able to collect information regarding three individuals who died under torture, including two minors." Alkarama report 24-6-2011 (10)

Damascus and its suburbs

On June 17, in the town of Harasta, security forces snipers shot demonstrators, directly targeting the heads [shoot to kill policy]:

On June 21, security forces abducted two Syrian activists, Hussein Toma and Mahmoud Wanousa, from the town of Hammourieh in the Damascus suburbs. Security forces ran them over while the two activists were riding a motorcycle in the eastern neighborhood of Hammourieh, at a place called Jisr Ghisrin. Security forces then abducted and took them away to an undisclosed location. This came after previous failed attempts to abduct the activists; their homes had been previously raided multiple times but they had not been caught. On June 23, security forces started shooting at a massive peaceful demonstration in the city of Kesweh in the Damascus suburbs. The gunfire caused the fall of five martyrs, including a 14 year-old child.

On the same day, security forces killed five demonstrators in the Barzeh area of Damascus. One of them was killed in his house when he tried to prevent shabiha from breaking into his house, fearing that they would smash and loot it. In addition, about 20 people were injured from heavy shooting by security, which also Page 23 of 70

surrounded Tishreen Hospital in Barzeh so that they could arrest the wounded. The number of detainees exceeded 100, and they were transported in buses previously prepared for this purpose. Security forces also fired more than 50 teargas grenades, and smashed more than 40 civilian cars in addition to storefronts.

This video also shows security forces and shabiha attacking private and public properties, especially in Barzeh area in Damascus:

This video shows dozens of units brutally beating a number of demonstrations detainees in the Barzeh area of Damascus; the beatings led to the death of one on June 24.

Homs
On June 24, a military security detachment started shooting at a massive demonstration in Qusair in Homs. This led to the deaths of four people and injury of 10 others, including a 10-year-old child. The wounded were rushed to the National Hospital. Not long after they arrived at the hospital, security attacked it to kidnap the wounded but people surrounded the hospital to protect it. They also surrounded the security detachment to be able to transport the wounded to Lebanon. During the transport of the martyrs, a security checkpoint, which included security and Air Intelligence personnel, started shooting at the ambulance heading to Lebanon. This video shows the security forces and shabihas process of humiliating and torturing citizens in Baba Amr in Homs.

The number of martyrs in June reached 441 including 161 military, 24 female and male children, and 9 women.

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Martyrs of June 2011

Deir Ezzor, 13 Daraa, 14

Homs, 73 Idlib, 143 Hama, 68

Lattakia, 36 Damascus and its suburbs, 27

Tartous, 4

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July 2011
Homs
Military forces stormed Homs on the July 17, and began a campaign of raiding houses, arbitrarily arresting people, and indiscriminately shooting at protestors. These activities led to many martyrs and wounded, as well as shooting at mourners at funerals of those who were killed in the next few days. Moreover, they shelled the neighborhoods of Bab Sebaa', Qusoor, Muraijeh, Adawyeh and Fakhoura. During this month the number of martyrs was 67 in this city only. The month of July also witnessed the assassination of many leading activists in Homs: On July 1, Diaa' Ramez Al-Najjar, 17, was killed at the Qadmous security checkpoint while he was trying to save some of his wounded friends in the area. He was first shot in the foot, then executed by security forces. On July 8, Hadi Al-Jundi (born in 1989) was also assassinated. He was one of the prominent activists who first led and organized demonstrations in the neighborhoods of Dablan, Ghouta, Hamra, and Mala'ab Street. Hadi was targeted by a sniper (believed to be positioned on the roof of the National Hospital) while he was walking in a safe street. On July 10, Khalid Al-Afnan was also assassinated. He was one of the prominent leaders of demonstrations in the neighborhoods of Deir Ba'albeh and Bayyada and he occupied a prestigious position in his family. He was targeted and killed while he was driving his car back home; he was accompanied by his daughter. There was no demonstration or any kind of protest in the street at the time. On July 17, several burned bodies of people kidnapped by security forces were found.

This video shows members of military security assaulting the Imam of Al-Jilani mosque in the neighborhood of Baba Amr in Homs (July 24):

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And this video shows an old lady who was shot by the Syrian army in Rastan, Homs, on August 23:

And a video showing security forces shooting at the mourners of one of the martyrs in Homs, Khaldieh, on July 19:

Hama
On July 2, the shabiha and security forces stormed the city of Hama. They attacked homes, established checkpoints, and paralyzed and cordoned off the city following one month of peaceful demonstrations that had been attended by hundreds of thousands. These demonstrations were the largest of their kind in the country. The campaign continued for several days. As a result, dozens died or were injured, hundreds were arbitrarily detained, and dozens of families took refuge in Damascus and Salamiyeh. Over the following days, the city saw waves of security forces operations that involved random shooting, arbitrary detention, and home raid campaigns. All the while, the peaceful demonstrations continued. Massive demonstration in Asi square, Hama, on July 1:

"Hama is the latest city to fall victim to President Bashar al-Asad's security forces despite his promises that his government would tolerate peaceful protests, security forces have responded to protests with the brutality that's become familiar over the past several months." Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director at Human Rights Watch (11) Security forces stormed the city again on July 31:

A video segment showing the dead body of Ghadeer Al-Jalta, 5, killed by security forces gunfire in Hama on July 31:

Another clip showing the body of a victim of the shelling on Hama on July 31:

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The number of martyrs in the city reached 103 during the month of July.

Damascus and its suburbs

On July 7, the town of Dumair was stormed by more than 5,000 soldiers and 40 armored vehicles, including tanks. Immediately upon their arrival, they established checkpoints, blocked roads, positioned snipers and machine guns in high posts, and prohibited public- and private-sector employees from going to work. At nine o'clock, Major General Jamil Al-Hasan, Brigadier General Mohammad Rahmoun of the Air Force Intelligence, and a Colonel who is the Operations Commander of the 55thBrigade of the Fourth Division. They asked the elders of the town to meet at the municipal center. They said words to the effect of: (we want all those who have demonstrated, otherwise you will see woe). The elders attempted to calm things down but the response was that this is not an option, and that if the residents gather in a demonstration ever again they will be killed. They were warned to "keep the kids and those you love away from demonstrating because orders to kill are issued." The security cordon was extended around the town by about 2 kilometers. No one was able to get in or out. Hundreds of the town residents were arbitrarily detained. The next day, fewer army forces were deployed again, without armored vehicles. The rest of these vehicles remained at the military housing units on the outskirts of the city. During the same month, multiple other campaigns were undertaken. The army and security forces carried out shootings, took on arbitrary detention and break-in campaigns, established military and security checkpoints, and stormed several towns. Examples include events in Zabadani and Kanaker on July 27. Each campaign ended with the detention of hundreds of citizens and the injury of dozens of others. In Kanaker, the army and security forces, backed by tanks and armored vehicles, surrounded the town on July 27. Water, electricity, and land communications were cut. The town was then invaded amid random gunfire, which led to several dead or injured. Hundreds were arbitrarily detained. On July 26, the army and security forces stormed the town of Qatana with 5,000 troops backed by about 25 tanks, including 18 that belong to the Republican Guard. Seven tanks were stationed atop Ain Al-Sultan hill. Checkpoints were set up around the towns perimeter and were used to fire directly at anyone who attempted to exit the city. A mother and her 7-monthold infant were fired upon. The child, Ahmad Mohammad Sabboura, died while the mother was shot in the chest and mouth. Al-Hikma hospital was forced to close and was sealed on the pretext of treating the Page 28 of 70

wounded without prior approval. Several nurses were detained. The wounded who were prevented from being treated there were then moved to houses, where essential medical care and supplies are lacking. By the time the campaign ended it had resulted in 1,500 detainees. Living conditions were very poor; each family was allowed one bundle of bread (8 loafs) and there was a water shortage. In Douma, demonstrations that started on July 15 were suppressed using grenades containing metal pellets that pepper the body and penetrate deep into the skin.

In Harasta, the shabiha and security forces opened fire and threw nail bombs on July 22nd.

In Damascus, firing at demonstrators continued in several neighborhoods. The following video link shows live ammunition being fired at demonstrators in the Qaboon neighborhood on July 15th. As a result, 12 people fell martyrs.

And this video documents the beating of a protestor in Barzeh, Damascus on July 15th. It resulted in his death.

Army and security forces troops aiming directly at demonstrators in Qaboon

Martyr Ahmad Al-Khashen

Martyr Mohammad Al-Sharbaji:

Obituary of martyrs on July 15:

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Deir Ezzor
On July 8, Deir Ezzor was stormed.

And on July 16th, the security forces opened fire randomly at demonstrators in the city of Boukamal. Several people died or were injured as a result. The next day, army troops, backed by tanks and heavy armored vehicles, surrounded the city but did not descend on it.

Homs
On July 28th, the shabiha and security forces burst into the home of Dr. Ma'moun Jandali and his spouse. They broke furniture, looted what they could, cursed at them and beat them sharply. This comes in retaliation to the stances of their son, the internationally acclaimed musician Malek Jandali, who had participated in a prorevolution demonstration in the US several days prior.

Lattakia
The city saw several incidences of firing live ammunition at demonstrations in several areas. The following videos are but two examples of the security forces firing live bullets in the Qunaines neighborhood on July 29.

Child martyr Layal Askar, 7 years old, in Daraa city.

During the month of July, the total number of martyrs was 372, including 44 soldiers, 30 children, and 5 women.

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Martyrs of July 2011

Homs, 67 Damascus and its suburbs, 69 Banyas, 7 Hama, 103

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August 2011
Hama
The security situation continued to deteriorate in the city of Hama with the storming of the city by army tanks and the continuation of random shooting, as it appears in this video on August 5, 2011.

The following video shows bodies of the number of martyrs who were victims of shelling in Hama on August 7:

This video shows the body of one of the children in Hama on August 19:

Lattakia
On August 13, Syrian army forces, supported by heavy machinery and weapons, stormed the Raml Al-Janoby neighborhood. This was accompanied by heavy gunfire at homes and water tanks, and an arrest campaign that affected hundreds of young men. Security forces completely cut off electricity and telecommunications in the area. Bulldozers and other heavy equipment also entered the area and demolished some houses and altered the main roads. The security apparatus also occupied Hurriya (Freedom) Square in the neighborhood, and started shooting at the minaret of the Mohajreen Mosque. A'aedin Camp for Palestinian Refugees; which is a road leading to the square, was stormed, and about 5,000 Palestinians were displaced by force when they were ordered via bullhorn to evacuate their homes. Within three days of the military operations in the neighborhood, more than 30 martyrs and more than 200 wounded fell (all civilians), including women and a twoand-a-half year-old girl. The neighborhood witnessed heavy displacementsof civilians. This video shows the camp under random shelling.

This video also shows humiliating and torturing of the citizens while storming Palestinian Raml camp in Lattakia by a Brigadier in the marines. Page 32 of 70

Among the martyrs of Lattakia in August was the child Bara' Mahmoud Qabaro (9 years old). She was killed while asleep in her bed at home in the Al-Ashrafeya neighborhood. She was hit by shrapnel of a bomb that was thrown at the house next door; the shrapnel entered her heart and she died instantly.

Child martyr Ola Jeblawy was shot in the eye in the Skantory area in Lattakia on August 14, 2011.

Homs
The shelling and killing in the city of Homs and its suburbs continued, and the outcome of the martyrs in August alone in this city were 150 martyrs. The following video shows some of the martyrs in Baba Amr in Homs on August 5:

This video shows the remains of martyr Hamza Darweesh, who fell due to an armored shell in Bab Sebaa' in Homs on August 5:

And a video that shows the martyrdom of two people in the Baba Amr neighborhood in their house on August 10.

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Homs also witnessed, this month, the assassination of the well-known activist Pharmacist Jamal Fatwa in Homs Military Hospital, where he was transferred. He had suffered a fractured skull as a result of being tortured for three days after his arrest by military security On August 2, 2011, from a demonstration in Al-Mala'ab Al-Balady.

Damascus and its suburbs

And on August 25, security and shabiha units kidnapped world-famous caricature artist Ali Ferzat, brutally beat him, and stole the contents of his personal bag before throwing him on the airport road in Damascus. And field activist Samer Anwar Al-Hashash, from Irbeen in Damascus suburbs, was assassinated in front of his wife and children while security units stormed the familys house.

Fahd A'dnan Al-Khija (30 years old) was also martyred in Damascus suburbs in Douma, as a result of torture at the state security branch. The martyr was arrested on July 31, 2011 by state security after he was in the Badran printing house in Douma at 4 pm. He was taken to the Al-Khateeb Branch of State Security and suffered from convulsions. His cellmates asked prison guards to rescue him, but they did not respond for 30 minutes. They finally they took him out of the cell for two hours, and then brought him back in the same condition. He died moments later.

Ghassan Al-Refae'i was also martyred in Qaboon in Damascus; his body, bearing the signs of torture, was thrown in front of his house after he had been was detained for a few days by security. In the city of Harasta, security forces and shabiha opened fire on peaceful demonstrators in on August 19, 2011; this led to the fall of many martyrs from being shot by security.

Daraa
On August 28, which was the first day of Eid AlFitr, security forces opened fire on the

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demonstrators on Harra town in Daraa, which led to the fall of many wounded and martyrs.

In the month of August the well-known activist Ma'n Al-Odat was assassinated during a shooting at the funeral of martyr Malek Al-Karrad in the city of Daraa

Detainees
The detainees of this month include 22 lawyers in the city of Raqqa, for participating in a peaceful sit-in at the headquarters of the Lawyers Union inside the justice palace in Raqqa, at the invitation of Syrian Lawyers for Freedom. Approximately 80 students were arrested on August 19 from the University City in Homs, after it was stormed by security forces and shabiha, who beat and tortured the students all accused of participating in the peaceful demonstrations. The detainees in the month of August 2011 include the well-known activist Ghassan Yaseen, who was arrested on August 18 in the city of Aleppo. It was the second time he had been arrested since the beginning of the revolution. "At least 88 people are believed to have died in detention in Syria during five months of bloody repression of the countrys pro-reform protests, a new Amnesty International report reveals" Amnesty International Syria researcher Neil Sammonds said: These deaths behind bars are reaching massive proportions and appear to be an extension of the same brutal disdain for life that we are seeing daily on the streets of Syria. The accounts of torture we have received are horrific. We believe the Syrian government to be systematically persecuting its own people on a vast scale." Amnesty International report 30-8-2011 (12) Amnesty Document: "Deadly detention: Deaths in custody amid popular protest in Syria" (13) This new resolution convicts again the regime of Bashar Assad's use of systematic violence against his own people and on a large scale, and the Council establishes under this resolution an independent commission of inquiry mandated to shed light on the human rights situation in Syria, where the committee completes the task of factfinding mission entrusted the task of investigating human rights violations in Syria following the adoption of resolution S - 16 / 1, in last April. And in the 17th of August this mission sent to investigate facts, recorded serious violations by the regime of Bashar Al-Assad, including in particular: ill-treatment, enforced disappearances, arbitrary and extrajudicial executions, and torture. Page 35 of 70

In the wake of what the mission found of results, the Council expressed concern about the seriousness of these violations that amount to crimes against humanity in accordance with the provisions of Article 7 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Arabic report from Alkarama 23-8-2011 )11( United Nations Human Rights Council resolution S-16/1 (6)

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The number of martyrs in the month of August reached 444 martyrs, including 33 military martyrs, 39 children, and 15 women.

Martyrs of Augest 2011

Lattakia, 57 Homs, 150

Hama, 60 Daraa, 40

Idlib, 42 Damascus and its suburbs, 52

Deir Ezzor, 32

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September 2011
Homs
On September 19, security and army forces surrounded Al-Hikma Hospital next to Baba Amr neighborhood, and kidnapped about 20 wounded and sick people. Then they surrounded the streets leading to the neighborhood, shooting randomly at houses and water tanks before raiding neighborhood homes and arresting dozens. Detainees were held in the nearby Al-Basel Stadium, which was transformed into a prison. The operation led to the martyrdom of about 10 civilians and dozens of wounded. All this was accompanied by a complete cutoff of communications, electricity, and water, as well as a severe shortage of food. In early September, the city of Homs also witnessed the assassination of a number of technical and scientific experts, including the head of thoracic surgery at the National Hospital in Homs, the Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Architecture Engineering for Academic Affairs, and the Dean of the Faculty of Petro Chemistry in Al-Baath University. At the time, the regime tried to accuse the youth of the revolution of committing these assassinations. However, the revolutionary forces strongly denied the charges, and confirmed them as being a regime fabrication similar to those witnessed in the 1980s. At the end of September, security forces and army stormed the city of Rastan amid random shelling and heavy shooting after cutting off all communications. Security forces and shabiha exhumed martyrs from their graves, arrested hundreds of others, and detained them in a cement factory and schools, which were transformed into prisons. More than 60 people were martyred, and we have been able to document the names of only 36 of them. The military campaign on the city continued until the beginning of October.

Damascus suburbs
On September 11, peace activist Ghiath Matar (26 years old) was martyred as a result of severe torture, five days after he had been arrested by Air Intelligence in the city of Darayya in Damascus suburbs. This video shows the signs of torture on his body:

In Douma on September 2, 2011, demonstrators were repressed by live ammunition.

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All of the mosques of the city of Douma were surrounded by security and army in the Friday of Unity of the Opposition and snipers were deployed on residential rooftops on September 23, 2011.

A small town may have thousands of people who have completely lost touch since the beginning of the events which took place in Syria. While the most reserved observers estimate that number in the range of 3000 people, others offer a number more than 10,000, but it is established that both parties agree to a massive observed rise in the cases of enforced disappearances the country witnessed in recent months, as a result of violent repression against the civilian people. If just these numbers were troubling, the nature of this widespread systematic practice, which included all parts of Syria, is a source of even a greater concern; where it became that each person to get arrested now, is placed automatically in most cases, in solitary confinement for weeks or months without any contact with the outside world, which increases the anxiety of the families that find themselves completely helpless, especially as the authorities deny the occurrence of these arrests, as well as the fact that the units responsible for these abductions, belong to different and multiple security devices, and not to the judicial police. Arabic report from Alkarama 2-9-2011 )11( The number of the martyrs in September reached 499, including 69 military martyrs, 41 children, and 18 women.

Martyrs of Septermber 2011

Lattakia, Aleppo, 8 15 Damascus and its suburbs, 51 Deir Ezzor, 20 Hama, 77 Daraa, 20

Idlib, 65 Homs, 232

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1-15 October 2011

Homs
On October 19, the neighborhoods of Homs had an atmosphere of a real war. The sounds of explosions from rocket-propelled grenades and nail and sound bombs echoed in all the neighborhoods. There was heavy gunfire from different kinds of machineguns, and Dushka and Shilka anti-aircraft, which destroyed several houses in the neighborhoods of Bab Sebaa', Nazeheen, and Karm Al-Zaitoun. These operations resulted in the fall of 9 martyrs and dozens of wounded, many of them in critical condition. Security forces and shabiha prevented ambulances and the Red Crescent from providing emergency treatment to the wounded. This video shows the destruction that happened in Bab Sebaa' neighborhood, and randomly targeting houses:

This video shows the effects of the violent shelling of the neighborhoods of Qusoor and Khaldieh in Homs:

On October 11, the city of Rastan was stormed again by the army, which caused the destruction of major parts of the city including Hurriya Square, in which demonstrators used to gather, and a number of mosques:

Qamishli
On October 17, Syrian Kurdish activist and leader of the Kurdish Future Movement, Masha'al Temmo, was assassinated by the Syrian regimes shabiha. He had survived an assassination attempt the previous month.

"Syrian protesters in Europe and the Americas have been systematically monitored and harassed by embassy officials and others believed to be acting on behalf of the Syrian regime, Amnesty International said today in a new briefing paper. 'The Long Reach of the Mukhabaraat' includes cases of more than 30 activists in eight countries - Canada, Chile, France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, the UK and the USA who say that they have faced intimidation from embassy officials and others and that their Page 40 of 70

relatives in Syria have as a result, in some cases, apparently been exposed to harassment, detention and even torture." Amnesty International report 3-10-2011 (16) Amnesty Document: "The Long Reach of the Mukhabaraat " (17) "The Syrian people should not have to suffer because of political disagreements about the situation in a different country. Yesterday's veto was nothing short of a betrayal of the Syrian people" Malcolm Smart, Amnesty International's MENA Director (18) The number of martyrs in the first two weeks of October reached 278 martyrs, including 94 military martyr, 14 children, and 6 women.

Martyrs in the first half of October 2011

Hasakeh, 11

Idlib, 33 Lattakia, 12 Homs, 108 Aleppo, 15 Hama, 34

Daraa, 13 Deir Ezzor, 6 Damascus, 32

Tartous, 9

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Special Cases
Taking revenge on the families of activists and defected soldiers
In the last few months, we have seen several cases of revenge being taken on the families of activists involved in the revolution and defected soldiers who refused to shoot at peaceful protestors. Of these:

Taking revenge on the family of the lieutenant colonel Hussein Harmoush

From the village of Ibleen, Jabal Zawyeh, province of Idlib; who defected on June 9, 2011. At first, security forces kidnapped his brother Hasan (33 years old) in June 2011, and nothing is known about him. After that, security forces stormed the house of his elder brother Muhammad (74 years old) and arrested him, his son Ahmed (30 years old), and his son-in-law Muhannad (34 years old) after they shot his wife in the shoulder and leg and kidnapped her as well. A few days later, the dead bodies of Muhammad and Muhannad were returned; they had been tortured to death. The fate of Ahmad and his mother is still unknown. In addition, last September, security forces kidnapped the cousins of Lieutenant Colonel Hussein Harmoush: Mousa (22 years old) and Hasan (18 years old). The next day Hasan's dead body was returned; he had been executed after being brutally tortured in the Military Security Department in Idlib. A few hours, the dead body of Mousa, who had suffered the same fate, was returned.

Targeting doctors and medical personnel

Frequently, Syrian authorities target medical staff and hospitals as part of their security crackdown tactic for the past few months of the revolution. Nurses and doctors are arrested if they are suspected of treating those wounded at protests. Hospitals and clinics are also raided for being suspected of treating demonstrators. Treating the wounded before notifying authorities is prohibited, as per public security directives, whether at private or public hospitals. This means an immediate detention [of the wounded] by the security forces regardless of the dangers of their injury and the need for immediate medical attention. The Human Rights Violations Documentation Center recorded more than 250 cases of doctors and pharmacists being detained from their private clinics, medical centers, and hospitals. Furthermore, several hospitals have been raided, including Fateh Hospital in Kafarbatna and Al-Raja' Hospital in Irbeen. Hourani Hospital in Hama raided on Aug 15.

Fateh Hospital in Kafarbatna in Damascus suburbs raided on September 2. Page 42 of 70

Bab Sebaa Hospital in Homs raided on Oct 19.

These strict security measures in the medical sector pushes most of the wounded to receive treatment in their homes and with minimal medical capabilities, for fear of being imprisoned[extra judicially] from hospitals or being subjected to targeted assassinations, which many of the wounded have suffered after being arrested in a hospital by security forces. Among the doctors who have been imprisoned is the young Nezar Madani from Qaboon, Damascus. He was arrested on Sunday for the second time since the beginning of the revolution. It is noteworthy that he had been wanted by the security forces for the three months prior. Additionally, Dr. Asaad Sayeh, from Bab in Aleppo, and Dr. Omar Saryoul, from Douma, in the Damascus suburbs, and the chairperson of the Health Association in Douma, were targeted. On October 9, Dr. Abdelmunem Hejazi was detained in Kesweh, Damascus suburbs, after his medical office was raided by security forces. On the same day, the wellknown Dr. Mohammad Fateh Halawa was imprisoned. He is the executive director of the private Fateh Hospital in Kafarbatna, Damascus suburbs, which had been raided several times since the beginning of the revolution. He was accused of treating wounded demonstrators. The detention of the psychiatrist Dr. Mohammad Abu Hilal, from Kesweh, has continued since September 26, when he was detained from the medical center where he worked. The detention of Dr. Al-Qa'qa' Mughir from Deir Ezzor continues since August 23. Dr. Mohammad Sheikh Ibrahim from Lattakia has also been incarcerated for more than five months; he was detained while treating the injured. He was recently referred to the court system, where he has been charged with of weakening the national sentiment and undermining the prestige of the state. Security sweeps on hospitals and medical personnel continue and now include nurses and pharmacists. The latest incident was the imprisonment of the pharmacist Rae'ef Hani Hajjar from Homs a few days ago. Amnesty International recently issued a report that highlights several cases of attacks on medical personnel and the wounded in hospitals:

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Death during detention

The number of people killed in detention is 161, geographically distributed as shown in the chart below.

Killed in detention
Lattakia, 5 Other, 4 Hama, 8 Damascus and its suburbs, 23 Daraa, 30

Idlib, 19 Homs, 72

Included among them are the victims of the Saida Bridge massacre on April 29 in Daraa province. The bodies were returned after they had been liquidated in detention.

Page 44 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Yasser was imprisoned Sept. 11, 2011. His body was delivered to his family Oct. 11, 2011, with marks of torture on it. Imprisoned by security after being wounded by gunfire; died of the wounds by end of day.

Yasser Hafiz

11-10-2011

Mare'

Aleppo

Muhammad Abdulqader Sayigh

8-10-2011

Dumair

Damascus suburbs

20

Muhammad Ahmad Husaini Sayih Hasan Masri Muhammad Ahmad

6-10-2011

Qusoor

Homs

00-10-2011

Hilfaya

Hama

44

Detained Oct. 4, 2011. His body was delivered to his family on Oct. 6, 2011, and bore the signs of torture. Detained for a month, he died under torture in the Air Force Security branch. Detained for over a month with his three sons, accused of providing emergent care to them. His sons are still imprisoned.

00-10-2011

Bayyada

Homs

00

Talal Mamduh Turjman

00-10-2011

Homs

44

Muhannad Madarati

04-10-2011

Khaldieh

Detained for two days & died under torture. Homs

Yaseen Sadiq Omar

04-10-2011

Jisr Shughour

Idlib

Imprisoned on Oct. 3, 2011; his body delivered to his family with signs of torture on Oct. 5

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Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments

Muhammad Ahmad Husain Rahmoun

04-10-2011

Qaryatain

Homs

Forcibly disappeared on Oct 3, 2011; tortured to death.

Husain Ali Hamsho

04-10-2011

Kernaz

Hama

Imprisoned Sept. 3, 2011; his body was delivered to his family with signs of torture on Oct. 5, 2011

Rashid Mustafa Mansur

5-10-2011

Homs

24

He was abducted /forcibly disappearedbecause he refused to shoot at demonstrators on Oct 4, 2011. His body--marks of torture were clear on it-was delivered to his family on Oct 5, 2011. Torture: He refused to detain demonstrators, so shabiha (regimes thugs) abducted/ forcibly disappeared him and tortured him to death. He was detained on Sept 15, 2011. His body, with marks of torture on it, was delivered on Oct 4, 2011.

Fadi Hasan Aboud

5-10-2011

Homs

30

Zakaryia Abdu Dhahir

4-10-2011

Kafr Uwaid

Idlib

34

Omar Khulayyif Safuk

4-10-2011

Deir Ba'albeh

Homs

He was detained on Sept 20, 2011. It is believed that he died under torture.

Page 46 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
He was detained on Sept, 21, 2011. His body full of excruciating torture marks was delivered to his family on Oct 3-2011.

Abdullah Faraj Zuaib

3-10-2011

Baba Amr

Homs

Abdo AbdulHay Reem

2-10-2011

KhanShaikhoun

Idlib

He was detaineda few days prior to the date provided. He died under torture. His body was delivered on Oct. 2, 2011.

Mohammad AbdulMuin Qutaini

2-10-2011

KhanShaikhoun

Idlib

28

He was detained a few days prior to the date provided. He died under torture. His body was delivered on Oct. 2, 2011.

Muhammad Musa Telawi

02-10-2011

KhanShaikhoun

Idlib

Imprisoned on Sept 30, 2011; his body was delivered to his family on Oct. 2, 2011 with signs of torture on it.

Imad Manhal Abu Halawa

02-10-2011

Ibtaa

Daraa

Subjected to torture, he was killed with a bullet to the head.

Ahmad Skaf

02-10-2011

Jabal Zawyeh Basamis -

Idlib

44

He was forcibly disappeared / abducted; he was tortured until death; his body was found on Oct. 2, 2011.

Page 47 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province) Um A'mad

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments

Hassan Husain Ahmad Raslan AbdulHay Zuhair Tarabulsi

02-10-2011

Homs Imprisoned on Sept. 28, 2011; his body was delivered to his family on Oct. 1, 2011.

01-10-2011

Bayyada

Homs

22-9-2011

Bayyada

Homs

34

Imprisoned on Sept. 26, 2011, from the Bayyada neighborhood checkpoint Imprisoned after having been wounded, on Saturday, Sept. 24, 2011; his body was delivered to his family on Sept. 28, 2011.

Ahmad Abdo

22-9-2011

Banyas

Tartous

Muhammad Mahdi Siyadi

20-9-2011

Hilfaya

Hama

Sheikh Muhammad Mahdi was imprisoned on Sept. 16, 2011; he died under torture; his body was delivered to his family on Sept. 26, 2011.

Yusef Muhammad Mahdi Siyadi

20-9-2011

Hilfaya

Hama

Imprisoned on Sept. 16, 2011; died under torture; his body was delivered to his family on Sept. 26, 2011.

Musa Muhammad Mahdi Siyadi

20-9-2011

Hilfaya

Hama

Imprisoned on Sept. 16, 2011; died under torture; his body was delivered to his family on Sept. 26, 2011.

Page 48 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned on Sept. 16, 2011; died under torture; his body was delivered to his family on Sept. 26, 2011.

AbdulSalam Muhammad Mahdi Siyadi Ahmad Sultan Rahhal

20-9-2011

Hilfaya

Hama

24-9-2011

Talbeiseh

Homs

44

Imprisoned on Sept. 23, 2011; died under torture.

Safa Ghassan Tawakkul

24-9-2011

Bab Dreib

Homs

Wounded during the final 10 days of Ramadan/August, he was taken for emergency care at Birr Hospital; from there, he was forcibly disappeared/abducted; his body was delivered to his family on Sept. 24, 2011.

Muhammad Mahmud Saleh AbdulMuin Mukahhal

24-9-2011

Khattab

Hama

31

Imprisoned on Sept. 12, 2011; his body was surrendered to his family on Sept. 25, 2011 with signs of torture on it. Imprisoned on Aug. 19; killed under torture; delivered to his family on Sept. 25, 2011. He was imprisoned by Political Security; suffered a bullet wound to his abdomen; bore signs of torture.

24-9-2011

Deir Ba'albeh

Homs

Hamdo Sulaiman Hamada

22-9-2011

Qusair, Abu Hora

Homs

Page 49 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Gunshot was fired at him after he had been tortured and his neck broken at a security branch; he had been imprisoned on Sept. 15, 2011. Imprisoned on Sept. 15, 2011; died under torture.

Muhammad Ibrahim AbdulRazzaq Birro

21-9-2011

Jabal Zawyeh, Kafr Uwaid

Idlib

24

Diab Khabbaz

21-9-2011

Damascus suburbs

Muhammad Halboni (Abu Hasan) ()

21-9-2011

Harasta

Damascus suburbs

Imprisoned on Sept. 15, 2011; died under torture.

Yusef Omar Haj Darwish

10-9-2011

Sarjeh

Idlib

Imprisoned two days prior; his body was delivered Sept 16, 2011.

Ammar Mustafa Zaidan Ruwad Rashud Mahmud alBeik

10-9-2011

Sarjeh

Idlib

Imprisoned two days prior; his body was delivered Sept. 16, 2011.

10-9-2011

Deir Ezzor Mahmud was imprisoned on Sept. 7, 2011; his family received his body on Sept. 15, 2011.

14-9-2011

Raml

Lattakia

10

Page 50 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Died in Harasta Orchards; was wounded by bullet from security and imprisoned; was subjected to torture before dying.

Ayman Zaghlul

14-9-2011

Irbeen

Damascus suburbs

22

Muhammad Adham Abdeh

14-9-2011

Qaboon

Damascus

23

Died on Sept. 15, 2011 in Harasta from bullets fired at random; his body was delivered to his family in Qaboon on Sept. 18, 2011.

Faruq Juri

14-9-2011

Baba Amr

Homs

He expired under torture; he had been imprisoned for a week. Imprisoned after having been wounded in the foot by a bullet; subjected to torture in the Military Hospital.

Amer Kamal Hanayat

10-9-2011

Baba Amr

Homs

Imprisoned on Sept. 6, 2011 by Air Force Intelligence; his body was delivered to his family Sept. 9, 2011.

Ghiyath Tayseer Matar

10-9-2011

Darayya

Damascus suburbs

20

Page 51 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned five days prior, by Military Security; died under torture.

Azzam Jamil Musa

7-9-2011

Idlib

Muhammad Mustafa Harmush Mahmud Beik

7-9-2011

Idlib

Died under torture because he had harbored defected members of the army in his house.

7-9-2011

Raml

Lattakia

10 Died under torture in one of the security branches; he had been imprisoned on Aug. 25, 2011.

Jamal Huri

4-9-2011

Jableh

Lattakia

Ahmad Muhammad Saleh Daaas Muhammad Waleed Hindawi Walid AbdulKarim Darwish Adnan AbdulBaqi Qasim

4-9-2011

Idlib

4-9-2011

Jura

Deir Ezzor

34

Died under torture; family prohibited from holding a wake and a funeral procession for him. Was imprisoned; his delivered body bore signs of torture. Imprisoned on Aug. 7, 2011; his body was surrendered on Aug. 29, 2011.

3-9-2011

Qusair

Homs

29-2-2011

Hawla

Homs

Page 52 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned on Aug. 7, 2011; his body was delivered on Aug. 29, 2011.

Mahmud Husain Sadal-din

29-2-2011

Hawla, Kafarlaha

Homs

Ammar Dawud

29-2-2011

Hawla

Homs

Imprisoned Aug. 7, 2011; his body was delivered the same day.

Usama Hamo

29-2-2011

Hawla

Homs

Imprisoned Aug. 7, 2011; his corpse was returned on Aug. 29, 2011.

Hasan Abu Qurun

29-2-2011

Hawla

Imprisoned on Aug. 7, 2011; died under torture. Homs

Khaled Abdullah Hmaidan

29-2-2011

Hawla, Tal Dhahab

Homs

Imprisoned on Aug. 7, 2011; liquidated and his body delivered on Aug. 29, 2011.

Ubada Musa Ismail

29-2-2011

Hawla, Tal Dhahab

Homs

Imprisoned on Aug. 7, 2011; liquidated during detention; his body delivered on Aug. 29, 2011.

Page 53 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned on Aug. 7, 2011; his corpse delivered on Aug. 29, 2011.

Mahmud AbdulFattah Diab

29-2-2011

Hawla,Tiba

Homs

Firas Jaja Ismail Mumina Nasr Bedaiwi

22-2-2011

Hader

Hama

20

Imprisoned with his brother from their home in Hader on Aug./Ramadan 28, 2011 at 10am.

27-2-2011

Qatana Ma'arret Nou'man

Damascus suburbs Died in detention; body delivered to his kin on Aug. 26, 2011. His corpse was delivered on Aug. 18, 2011, after he had been imprisoned by security agents; he had been killed under torture. Imprisoned on Aug. 5, 2011; his body was returned to his family on Aug. 17, 2011, with signs of torture on it. Facebook page

20-2-2011

Idlib

Naim Sabe Lail

12-2-2011

Lattakia

Ismail Jamil Zartit

17-2-2011

Lattakia

30

Ibrahim Khatib RifaI

14-2-2011

Homs

Ibrahim died under torture after being detained by State Security

Page 54 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned Aug. 2 from a protest in downtown Mala'ab. After 3 days he was transferred to the Military Hospital suffering from a shattered skull as a result of severe torture by State Security; he died; his body was released on Aug. 14, 2011.

Jamal Fatwa

14-2-2011

Homs

Muhammad Husain Ali

14-2-2011

Hawla

Homs

Imprisoned while returning from Lebanon, where he worked.

Faisal Khaled Najjar Samir Aqul

14-2-2011

Khan Shaikhoun

Idlib

00

Died under torture. Had been imprisoned on Aug. 12, 2011. Died in detention under torture four days after being detained. He died under torture in prison, four days after his detention began.

13-2-2011

Kafarlaha

Homs

Umar Jukhdar

13-8-2011

Kafarlaha

Homs

40

Page 55 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
He died under torture in prison, four days after his detention began.

Luay AbdulHakim Amer Husam AbdulMunib Said Ali Murhaf Jawdat Said Tamer Shumari

13-8-2011

Taldo

Homs

29

13-8-2011

Homs

He died under torture in prison, 18 days after his detention began. He was detained on July 3, 2011 by Military Security. His family was called today [Aug 10 2011],to receive his body from the military hospital in Homs His body was delivered four days after his detention began. He was detained on Aug 7, 2011 by Air Force Security. He died on the same day at 8:30, but his body was not delivered to his family until Tuesday [Aug. 9] because of the security and military crackdown on the city.

10-8-2011

Homs

10-8-2011

Deir Ba'albeh

Homs

Ruhi Faiz Naddaf

9-8-2011

Irbeen

Damascus suburbs

30

Khalid Walid Murad

9-8-2011

Homs

30

He was detained on Aug 1, 2011 by State Security. His family was informed on the day[listed here] that his body was at the Military Hospital. He died under torture.

Page 56 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
He was detained ten days prior [to Aug. 9, 2011]and his body was delivered on the day listed here. He died under torture. He was detained almost 15 days prior to the date listed here. He had a leg injury prior to being detained. He left prison as a corpse. He was detained on Aug 7, 2011. He died under torture. He had a brain clot when he was under torture.

Jihad Abbara

9-8-2011

Homs

35

Tamir Yaseen

8-8-2011

Deir Ba'albeh

Homs

Muhammad Manhal Karrad

8-8-2011

Sabeel

Daraa

Ghassan Rifai

5-8-2011

Qaboon

Damascus

After being detained by security forces, his body, with marks of excruciating torture, was found in front of his home. He was detained on July 31, 2011 by State Security. He was brought to the Khateeb bureau of the State Security branch. He had an episodeofnervous convulses, so his cellmates asked the prison guards to aid him. The guards responded 30 minutes later. They took him out for two hours. Still convulsing, he was placed back in the cell. He died afterward.

Fahd Ali Adnan (Khuja) ()

2-8-2011

Douma

Damascus suburbs

30

Page 57 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
He had been detained since July 1, 2011. Although he was released earlier [than July 28], he died because of psychological and physical deterioration due to the illtreatment and torture he was subjected to during detention. He was killed under torture after being abducted / forcibly disappearedwhile he was on the street. His body was thrown in front of his home.

Usama Sheikh Nawwaf Al Zouby

28-7-2011

Taibah

Daraa

63

Ahmad Izzal-Din Shawafi

27-7-2011

Bayyada

Homs

Naser Sabe

25-7-2011

Karm Zaitoun

Homs

16

He died after shabiha (regime thugs) abducted / forcibly disappearedhim and beat him to death. His body was thrown away, and his family was able to find it on Monday.

Ayman Ali Yahya Husain Bakdash Ayman Sayid Bakir AbdulQader Saeb Faido

24-7-2011

Homs

24-7-2011

Wa'er

Homs

24-7-2011

Khirbet Al-Jawz

Idlib

29

Imprisoned from Khirbet Al-Jawz; taken to Baksiria; tortured and executed. Imprisoned from Khirbet Al-Jawz; taken to Baksiria; tortured and executed.

24-7-2011

Khirbet Al-Jawz

Idlib

47

Page 58 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Found thrown into the canal in Khaldieh neighborhood; he had been imprisoned in the Military Intelligence branch, where he had been tortured to death before being thrown into the canal.

Muhammad Mumtaz Halo

24-7-2011

Homs

29

Khalid Shakir Beshlah

18-7-2011

Nabek

Damascus suburbs

34

Imprisoned and taken to security branch. On July 18, 2011, after he had been two days imprisoned, his family was told he was dead and they should take his body from the security branch.

AbdulRahma n Khatib

18-7-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

AbdulRazzak Zakaria Halhul

15-7-2011

Hawash

Idlib

Imprisoned two days prior (to July 15, 2011), in Kafarooma, while taking his son to emergency care at the hospital, by Military Security; on July 15, 2011, his corpse was delivered to his body.

Hasan Saleh

15-7-2011

Zuzu

Idlib

Imprisoned two days prior (to listed date); his corpse was delivered after he was killed under torture.

Page 59 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned on April 29, 2011; his corpse was return on July 4, 2011, after he had died under torture.

Muhammad Ulaiwi Salim Kalsh

4-7-2011

Marabeh

Daraa

AbdalAziz Zain al-Din

2-7-2011

Mo'adamya

Damascus suburbs

Imprisoned Jun 28, 2011; he died under torture. 44

Samir Hasan Maqsus

1-7-2011

Ma'arret Hermeh

Idlib

30

Imprisoned in Hama at the start of the fourth month (April); released in a condition of very poor health as a result of torture; died as a result of this health condition. Imprisoned n April 29, 2011; his corpse was returned on Jun 30, 2011; his family was unableto recognize the body because of its disintegration and mutilation, so they had a DNA test performed.

Muhammad Sulaiman Khalif RifaI

30-6-2011

Um Walad

Daraa

20

Hazem Muhammad Ubaid

28-6-2011

Rastan

Homs

Imprisoned on May 28, 2011; his body was released to his family on June 26, 2011, from the Military Hospital.

Page 60 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Died under torture as a result of his detention on June 17, 2011 in the Military Security branch.

Obaida Said Akram

26-6-2011

Deir Ba'albeh

Homs

22

Abdullah AbdulRazzaq Juha

18-6-2011

Rastan

Homs

Detained from near his house in Rastan 20 days prior, on May 29; there were signs of extreme torture on the childs body. Imprisoned on Azadi (Freedom) Friday; his family received his corpse on June 13, 2011.

Tariq Ziyad AbdulQader

13-6-2011

Muraijeh

Homs

Muhammad Mahmud Rajab

6-6-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Imprisoned on May 17, 2011; two weeks later, his family was requested to pick up his body at the Military Hospital; it was in a nylon bag, and bore signs of torture.

Zahir Ahmad Mubayadh

1-6-2011

Darayya

Damascus suburbs

Detained from the security checkpoint on April 28, 2011; he was on his way back to Darayya from Somarieh.

Page 61 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned on May 17, 2011; two weeks later, his family was requested to take him from the Military Hospital in a nylon bag, on May 31, 2011; his body bore signs of torture.

Uqba Shaaar

31-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Kifah Muhammad Said Haydar

31-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Imprisoned on May 17, 2011; two weeks later, his family was requested to pick up his body from the Military Hospital in Homs, in a nylon bag, on May 31, 2011. It bore signs of torture. Imprisoned on May 17, 2011; his body was released to his kin on May 30, 2011 in a nylon bag at the Homs Military Hospital; it bore signs of torture.

Muhammad Adil Hallum

30-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Abdul Rahman Muhammad Abu Labdah

30-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Imprisoned after being wounded in his shoulder during a raid on May 17, 2011; his corpse released to his kin by the Military Hospital on May 30 in a nylon bag, with signs of torture on it. Imprisoned being wounded in the shoulder during a raid on May 17, 2011; his corpse released to his family by the Military Hospital on May 30 in a nylon bag, with signs of torture on it.

Ahmad Mahmud Abu Labdah

30-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Page 62 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned on May 17, 2011; he is brother to Majd Kurdi; they two of them together were among the leaders of the protests in Talkalakh. Imprisoned on May 17, 2011, Majd was one of the leaders of protests in Talkalakh.

Sudat Abdullah Kurdi

29-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Majd Abdullah Kurdi

29-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

Muhammad Husain Zouby

26-5-2011

Musaifra

Daraa

Imprisoned on April 29, 2011; his body was released on May 26, 2011.

Muhammad Mahmud Abd Rabboh

25-5-2011

Hammourieh

Damascus suburbs

19

Imprisoned on Good Friday, April 29; his family received his body on May 25, 2011. His mother had visited him ten days prior.

Imprisoned on April 29, 2011; his body delivered on May 24, 2011.

Hamza Ali Khatib

24-5-2011

Jiza

Daraa

13

Page 63 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned on April 29, 2011; his body was delivered on May 24, 2011.

Samir AbdulQadir Zouby

24-5-2011

Musaifra

Daraa

Badi AbulKhair Qasim Ali

22-5-2011

Dumair

Damascus suburbs

On May 18, Air Force Intelligence raided the farms surrounding Dumair, imprisoning many youths; Badi was among them.

Abdullah Sayid

22-5-2011

Dumair

Damascus suburbs

On May 18, 2011, Air Force Intelligence raided the farms surrounding Dumair, imprisoning many youths.

Hani Qasim Nimairi

22-5-2011

Dumair

Damascus suburbs

On May 18, , Air Force Intelligence raided the farms surrounding Dumair, imprisoning many youths.

Tamer Subhi Qaddah

22-5-2011

Kaheel

Daraa

27

Died at a branch after having been imprisoned on April 29, 2011; his neck was broken; he was decapitated by a blow to the back of the head; his fingers were severed; signs of electric shock were apparent over his entire body.

Page 64 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Imprisoned April 29, 2011.

Mahmud AbdulRahma n Zouby Usama Husain AbdulQader Zouby Ahmad Qasim Khidr Masri Bashir AbdulRahma n Zouby Husam Ahmad Zouby

21-5-2011

Musaifra

Daraa

74

21-5-2011

Musaifra

Daraa

23

Imprisoned on April 29, 2011.

21-5-2011

Qusair

Homs

Imprisoned on Thursday May 19, 2011; he died Saturday, May 21, 2011.

Imprisoned April 29, 2011. 21-5-2011 Musaifra Daraa

21-5-2011

Musaifra

Imprisoned on April 29, 2011. Daraa 17

Muhammad Hasan Zouby Nadhir AbdulHakim AbdulQadir Zouby

Imprisoned April 29, 2011. 19-5-2011 Musaifra Daraa 02

18-5-2011

Musaifra

Daraa

20

Imprisoned on April 28, 2011.

Page 65 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments

Nadir Ahmad Sulaiman Zouby AbdulJawad barakat Turkmani Ahmad Hasan Aqqab Saleh Muhammad Muqdad Al-Sami Muhammad Muhassen Muhammad Abdul Rahman Yahya Muhammad Ahmad Abdul Rahman Ghazzawi Khaled Muhammad Mubarak Fayiz Wawi

Imprisoned April 29, 2011. 18-5-2011 Musaifra Daraa 30

16-5-2011

Sahwa

Daraa

Imprisoned on April 29, 2011.

16-5-2011

Sahwa

Daraa

Imprisoned April 29, 2011 Imprisoned April 29, 2011.

16-5-2011

Marabeh

Daraa

16-5-2011

Marabeh

Daraa

Imprisoned April 29, 2011.

16-5-2011

Marabeh

Daraa

Imprisoned April 29, 2011.

16-5-2011

Busra

Daraa

Imprisoned April 29, 2011.

16-5-2011

Busra

Daraa

Imprisoned April 29, 2011.

15-5-2011

Mo'adamya

Damascus suburbs

Page 66 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province)

City or Provincial Unit

Age

Comments
Ahmad Hamshos body was released to his family in the last days of May.

Ahmad Muhammad Hamsho

14-5-2011

Talkalakh

Homs

30

Muath Fadhli Muhsin Zaghrut

8-5-2011

Kesweh

Damascus suburbs Imprisoned on the road returning from the United Arab Emirates to Syria, at the Syrian-Jordanian border. Imprisoned on April 29, 2011. Daraa 14

30-4-2011

Musaifra

Daraa

Thamer Muhammad Shari Murshid Rakan Abazeid Diya Kafri Muhammad Ahmad Ramadan Amer Rakan Qardali Muhammad Quman

8-6-2011

Jiza

Imprisoned on April 29, 2011. 22-5-2011 Daraa

Ghasm

Daraa

Imprisoned on April 29 2011. Imprisoned on April 29, 2011. Facebook page

Daraa

Imprisoned on April 17. 30-5-2011 Baba Amr Homs

17-4-2011

Hirak

Daraa

Page 67 of 70

Name

Date

Area(within City), or Town (within Province) Fawaera Douma

City or Provincial Unit Homs

Age

Comments

Faraj Alawi Haydar Ali Izz-al-din AbdulMalik Daw-al-Isa

16-4-2011

1-4-2011

Damascus suburbs

29

1-4-2011

Bayyada

Imprisoned Friday, April 1, 2011. Homs 23

Page 68 of 70

Number of martyrs killed during the Syrian Revolution between March 15, 2011 and October 15, 2011 (Names are verified by the Local Coordination Committees and the Violations Documenting Center): 5553 Civilian victims 336 Military victims Minor boys: 174 Minor girls: 33 207 Children total 81 Women 982 (of 3356) in Homs 594 (of 3356) in Daraa 392 (of 3356) in Hama 387 (of 3356) in Idlib 383 (of 3356) in Damascus and its suburbs 221 (of 3356) in Lattakia 133 (of 3356) in Deir Ezzor 87 (of 3356) in Tartous 66 (of 3356) in Aleppo 29 (of 3356) in Hasakeh 16 (of 3356) in Swaida 12 (of 3356) in Raqqa

Page 69 of 70

Bibliography
1. Whitson, Sarah Leah. Syria: Lift the Siege of Daraa. Human Rights Watch. [Online] May 5, 2011.. 2. Alkarama. Syria: More than a thousand arrested since beginning of protests. Alkarama. [Online] May 6, 2011. 3. Stork, Joe. Syria: Rampant Torture of Protesters. Human Rights Watch. [Online] April 15, 2011. 4. Syria, LCC. Witness from Banyas telling the story of his detention: Im a traitor, a son of a traitor. LCC Syria. [Online]. 5. Whitson, Sarah Leah. Syria: Security Forces Barring Protesters from Medical Care. Human Rights Watch. [Online] April 12, 2011. 6. Council, Human Rights. The current human rights situation in the Syrian Arab Republic in the context of recent events. Security Council Report. [Online] April 29, 2011.. 7. International, Amnesty. Report reveals crimes against humanity in Syrian town. Amnesty International. [Online] July 6, 2011.. 8. . Syria: Crackdown in Syria: Terror in Tell Kalakh. Amnesty International. [Online] July 6, 2011.. 9. Alkarama. Syria: Syrian refugees in Lebanon testify of violent attacks taking place in Syria. Alkarama. [Online] July 8, 2011.. 10. . Syria: Extra-judicial killings continue in Syria. Alkarama. [Online] 6 24, 2011.. 11. Whitson, Sarah Leah. Syria: Shootings, Arrests Follow Hama Protest. Human Rights Watch. [Online] July 6, 2011.. 12. International, Amnesty. Syria: New report shows at least 88 deaths in custody during protests. Amnesty International. [Online] Augest 30, 2011.. 13. . Deadly detention: Deaths in custody amid popular protest in Syria. Amnesty International. [Online] .2011 ,41. . : . . [] 2 16. International, Amnesty. Campaign to silence Syrian protesters overseas revealed. Amnesty International. [Online] 10 3, 2011.. 17. . The Long Reach of the Mukhabaraat. Amnesty International. [Online] 10 3, 2011.. 18. . Blocking of Security Council resolution on Syria a 'shocking betrayal'. Amnesty International. [Online] October 5, 2011..

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