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BaitapvaDapanXLS TH
MN: X L TN HIU S
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 1
Bi 1.1
Cho tn hiu tng t
(1 2)2
x(n ) = n
3
n0
n<0
Bi 1.8
Hy xc nh nng lng ca tn hiu x(n ) = Ae j 0 n
Bi 1.9
Xc nh cng sut trung bnh ca tn hiu nhy bc n v u(n)
1
Bi 1.10
Xc nh cng sut trung bnh ca tn hiu nhy bc n v u(n)
Bi 1.11
Hy xc nh cng sut trung bnh ca tn hiu x(n ) = Ae j 0 n
Bi 1.12
p ng xung v u vo ca mt h TTBB l:
1 n = 1
2 n=0
h (n) = 1
n =1
1 n = 2
n
0
1 n = 0
2 n = 1
x ( n ) = 3 n = 2
1 n = 3
0 n
Hy xc nh p ng ra y(n) ca h.
Bi 1.13
n
1
a) x1(n) = 3
0
n0
x2(n) = rect2(n-1).
b) x1(n) = ( n + 1) + ( n 2 ) ;
x2(n) = rect3(n).
Bi 1.14
a n
h (n) =
0
n0
n
bn
x (n) =
0
n0
n
( )
a) y (n ) = x n 2
b) y (n ) = Ax(n ) + B
2
Bi 1.17
( )
b) y (n ) = x n 2 ;
c) y (n ) = x(2n ) ;
d) y (n ) = x( n )
Bi 1.19
a n
h(n ) = n
b
n0
n<0
l n nh.
Bi 1.21.
h2 ( n )
x(n)
h1 ( n )
h3 ( n )
y(n)
Bi 1.22
Cho mt h thng tuyn tnh bt bin c m t bng phng trnh sai phn sau y:
y ( n ) = b0 x ( n ) + b1 x ( n 1) + b2 x ( n 2 ) + b4 x ( n 4 )
Hy biu din h thng .
Bi 1.23
x(n )
-7 -6 -5 -4
-3 -2 -1 0 1
2 3 4 5 6
Bi 1.24
y (n ) = 5 y (n 1) 1 y (n 2) + x(n)
6
Hy cho bit cch no sau y biu din tng qut mt tn hiu ri rc bt k x(n)?
a)
x ( n) =
x(n) (n k )
b)
k =
c)
x ( n) =
x(n) = x(k ) (n k )
k =0
x(k ) (n k )
d) x(n) =
k =
x(n) (k n)
k =
Bi 1.28
b) h(n) = -u(n-1)
c) h(n) = -u(-n-1)
d) h(n) = -u(n+1)
Bi 1.29
b) Xc nh p ng ra ca h thng
4
Bi 1.30
c) H thng n nh.
d) H thng bt bin.
P N CHNG I
Bi 1.1.
F1 = 25 Hz,
F2 = 150 Hz,
F3 = 50 Hz
Fs 2 Fmax = 300 Hz
Tc ly mu Nyquist l FN = 2Fmax . Do , FN = 300 Hz.
Bi 1.2
u ( n) =
(k )
k =
Bi 1.5
Ta c:
1
( n+1)
1 n + 1 = 0 n = 1
0 n 0
( n + 1) =
-2
-1
Bi 1.6
x(n) = rect3 ( n 2 )
Bi 1.7
Theo nh ngha
E=
n =
x(n) = ( ) + 3
2
1 2n
2
n=0
2n
n =
1
1 1
1 )2 n = 4 + 9 1 = 35
(
3 3 8 24
n =1
Ch
Bi 1.9
Ta c:
1
P = lim
N 2N + 1
u (n)
2
n=0
1+1 N 1
N +1
= lim
= lim
=
2
N 2N + 1 N 2 + 1 N
Do , tn hiu nhy bc n v l mt tn hiu cng sut.
6
Bi 1.10
Ta c:
1
P = lim
N 2N + 1
u 2 (n )
n=0
1+1 N 1
N +1
= lim
=
2
N 2N + 1 N 2 + 1 N
= lim
N 2 N + 1
n = N
P= lim
Bi 1.12
Ta s thc hin php chp bng th: i sang bin k, gi nguyn x(k), ly i xng h(k)
qua trc tung thu c h(-k), sau dch chuyn h(-k) theo tng mu tnh ln lt cc gi tr
ca y(n) c th nh hnh sau:
h(k )
x(k )
3
2
2 3
-1 0 1 2 3 4
Ly i xng h(k)
thu c h(-k)
h( k )
2
-2
-1 0 1 2 3 4
2 3
-1 0 1
Dch chuyn h(-k) ta c v tnh tng t ta c....y(-2)=0, y(-1)=1, y(0)=4, y(1)=8, y(2)=8,
y(3)=3....cui cng ta thu c kt qu:
y ( n ) = , 0, 0, 1, 4, 8, 8, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0,
0
Bi 1.14
k =0
k =0
y ( n ) = b k a n k = a n b.a 1
1 x n +1
C dng: x =
1 x
k =0
n
1 ( b.a 1 )n +1
a n
y (n) =
1 ( b.a 1 )
n0
n<0
Bi 1.15
y1 (n ) = nx1 (n )
y 2 (n ) = nx 2 (n )
Lin hp tuyn tnh hai tn hiu vo s sinh ra mt tn hiu ra l:
y3 (n ) = H [a1 x1 (n ) + a 2 x 2 (n )] = n[a1 x1 (n ) + a 2 x 2 (n )]
= a1nx1 (n ) + a 2 nx 2 (n )
a1 y1 (n ) + a 2 y 2 (n ) = a1nx1 (n ) + a 2 nx 2 (n )
So snh 2 phng trnh ta suy ra h l tuyn tnh.
b) u ra ca h l bnh phng ca u vo, (Cc thit b in thng c qui lut nh th
v gi l thit b bc 2).
p ng ca h i vi hai tn hiu vo ring r l:
y1 (n ) = x12 (n )
y 2 (n ) = x22 (n )
p ng ca h vi lin hp tuyn tnh hai tn hiu l:
a1 y1 (n ) + a 2 y 2 (n ) = a1 x12 (n ) + a 2 x22 (n )
V tn hiu ra ca h nh cho khng bng nhau nn h l khng tuyn tnh.
Bi 1.16
a) H tuyn tnh
b) H khng tuyn tnh.
Bi 1.17
Cc h thuc phn a), b) r rng l nhn qu v u ra ch ph thuc hin ti v qu kh ca
u vo.
Bi 1.18
S1 =
n =
N 1
(= 1 = N ) H n nh
h1 ( n ) = N
n =0
Bi 1.20
h( n) = a + b
n
n =
n =0
n =
b =
n
n =
n =1
1
=
n
b
b
1 + 1 + 1 +
b b2
= 1+ + 2 + =
Hng dn:
Thc hin h2(n) + h3(n) ri sau ly kt qu thu c chp vi h1(n):
h(n) = h1(n) * [h2(n) + h3(n)]
Bi 1.22
b0
b0 x ( n)
b1
b1 x ( n 1)
b2
b2 x ( n 2)
b4
b4 x ( n 4)
Bi 1.23
x(0 ) . Chng hn
y ( 2 ) = x( 4 ) ,v.v...
y (0 ) = x(0 ) ,
y (1) = x(2 ) ,
y (2 ) = x(4 ) ,...v
y ( 1) = x( 2 ) ,
y (n ) = x(
-4
-2 -1
0 1
Bi 1.24
y p ( n ) = B 2n
n0
Thay y p (n ) vo u bi ta c
B 2n = 56 B 2n 1 16 B 2 n 2 + 2 n
4 B = 56 (2 B) 16 B + 4 v tm thy B = 85
Bi vy, nghim ring l
10
y p (n ) = 8 2 n
5
n0
Bi 1.25
p n:
y(n) = (13/50) (104/75).2 n + (13/6).5 n vi n 0.
Bi 1.26
p n:
Rxx(-2) = Rxx(2) = 1;
Rxx(-1)= Rxx(1)= 2;
Rxx(0).
Lu : hm t tng quan bao gi cng t gi tr cc i ti n=0.
Bi 1.27
Phng n c)
Bi 1.28
Phng n b)
Bi 1.29
Phng n b)
Bi 1.30
Phng n a)
11
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 2
Bi 2.1
b) x2 (n ) = 1 2 5 7 0 1
c) x3 (n ) = {0 0 1 2 5 7 0 1}
d) x4 (n ) = 2 4 5 7 0 1
Bi 2.2
Xc nh bin i z ca tn hiu:
a n
x(n ) = n u (n ) =
0
Bi 2.4
n0
n<0
[ ( ) 4(3 )]u(n)
Cho x(n ) = 3 2
Xc nh X(z).
Bi 2.5
Xc nh bin i z ca tn hiu:
0 n N 1
1
x(n ) =
0
Bi 2.6
Cho X ( z ) =
z
z+
1
3
Cho H ( z ) =
z +3
1
( z 2 + z + 1).( z )
2
12
Cho H ( z ) =
3
1
( z 2 + z + 1).( z + )
4
Xt n nh h thng?
Bi 2.9
Cho tn hiu X ( z ) =
z+2
, Hy xc nh x(n) = ?
2z 7z + 3
2
Bi 2.10
H ( z) =
2z + 3
5
1
z2 + z +
6
6
a) Xc nh im cc im khng ca h thng.
b) Xt xem h thng c n nh khng.
c) Tm p ng xung h(n) ca h thng.
Bi 2.11
Cho h thng c:
H ( z) =
z
2 z 3z + 1
2
z 2006
2 z 2 3z + 1
Bi 2.12
Cho s h thng:
13
X1 ( z )
z 1
H2 ( z )
z 1
H 11 ( z )
X2 ( z )
H 12 ( z )
z 1
H1 ( z )
Hy xc nh hm truyn t H(z)
Bi 2.13
1
4 + 3z + 2 z 2 + z 3 + z 4
H ( z) =
Hy xt s n nh ca h thng.
Bi 2.14
y (n ) =
1
y (n 1) + 2 x(n )
2
Bi 2.15
n
3
Cho tn hiu x ( n ) = u ( n )
2
Bin i z ca n s l:
a) X ( z ) =
c) X ( z ) =
z
z
3
2
vi z >
3
2
1
3
vi z <
3
2
1 z 1
2
b) X ( z ) =
d) X ( z ) =
z
z+
3
2
1
3
vi z >
3
2
1 + z 1
2
vi z >
3
2
Bi 2.16
Cch biu din no sau y thng c dng biu din hm truyn t H(Z) ca h thng:
14
a) H ( z ) =
br z r
r =0
N
a z
b) H ( z ) =
k =1
b z
r =0
N
1 + ak z k
k =1
M 1
c) H ( z ) =
br z r
r =0
N
1 + ak z k
d) H ( z ) =
k =1
b z
r =0
N 1
1 + ak z k
k =1
Bi 2.17
n:
a)
c)
z 1
(1 az 1 )
az 1
(1 az )
1 2
vi z > a
vi
z<a
b)
d)
az 1
(1 az )
1 2
vi z > a
az
(1 az 1 )
vi z > a
Bi 2.18
c) phn t vi phn
c) phn t nghch o
Bi 2.19
a) H ( z ) = G.
(z z )
r =1
N
0r
(z z )
k =1
0k
b) H ( z ) = G.
(z z )
k =1
M
pk
(z z )
r =1
0r
15
c) H ( z ) = G.
( z z0 r )
d) H ( z ) = G.
r =1
N
(z z )
pk
k =1
( z z )
0r
r =0
N
(z z )
pk
k =0
P N CHNG II
Bi 2.1
p n
a) X 1 ( z ) = 1 + 2 z 1 + 5 z 2 + 7 z 3 + z 5 , RC c mt phng z , tr z = 0 .
b) X 2 ( z ) = z 2 + 2 z + 5 + 7 z 1 + z 3 , RC: c mt phng z , tr z = 0 v z =
c) X 3 ( z ) = z 2 + 2 z 3 + 5 z 4 + 7 z 5 + z 7 , RC: c mt phng z , tr z = 0 .
d) X 4 ( z ) = 2 z 2 + 4 z + 5 + 7 z 1 + z 3 , RC: c mt phng z , tr z = 0 v z =
Bi 2.2
p n:
a) X1 ( z ) = z
ZT
[ngha l,
b) X 2 ( z ) = z [ngha l,
k
Bi 2.3
Theo nh ngha ta c:
X (z ) =
n n
n=0
n
(
z 1 )
n=0
x ( n ) = n u ( n ) X ( z ) =
1
1 z 1
RC : z >
p n
16
X(z) =
3
4
1 2z 1 1 3z 1
RC : z > 3
Bi 2.5
Ta c:
N 1
X ( z ) = 1.z
= 1 + z + ... + z
( N 1)
n =0
= 1 z N
1 z 1
z =1
z 1
p n:
Thc hin ging v d 2.5 ta c:
x(n) = (-1/3)n. u(n)
Bi 2.7
p n: H thng khng n nh
Bi 2.9
Ta c:
X (z)
z
X (z)
z
z+2
1
c 3 im cc z p1 = , z p 2 = 3 , z p 3 = 0
2
( 2 z 7 z + 3) z
2
A
z+2
A1
A
=
+ 2 + 3
1
1 z 3 z
2 z ( z 3) z 2 z
2
2
u l cc n nn:
A1 = z
2
z+2
1
2 z ( z 3) z
2
z=
1
2
1
5
+2
2
2
=
=
= 1
1
1
51
2 3.
1
2 2
22
17
A2 = ( z 3)
A3 = z
Vy:
X (z)
z
z+2
1
2 z ( z 3) z
2
z+2
1
2 z ( z 3) z
2
=
z= 0
=
z =3
3+ 2
5
1
=
=
5 3
1
2 3 .3 6.
2
2
0+2
2
=
3
1
2 ( 3)
2
1
1
=
+ 3 +3
1
z 3 z
2 z
2
X ( z) =
1 z
1 z
1
+
+
2 z 1 3 z 3 3
2
m = 0 th
n
1
2
1 1
x ( n ) = u ( n ) + 3n u ( n ) + ( n )
3
3
2 2
Nh vy hon thnh bin i Z ngc.
Bi 2.10
p n:
a) H c 1 irm khng z01 = -3/2; hai im cc l zp1 = -1/3 v zp2 = -1/2
b) Cn c vo cc im cc u nm trong vng trn n v ta thy h thng n nh.
c/ Tm h(n) ging bi tp 2.9
Bi 2.11
p n:
a) H thng khng n nh
b) h(n) = 2.u(n) 2.(1/2)n .u(n)
c) Da vo kt qu cu b) v tnh cht tr ta c
h(n) = 2.u(n+2006) 2.(1/2)2006u(n+2006)
Bi 2.12
H ( z ) = H1 ( z ) .H 2 ( z )
H1 ( z ) = H11 ( z ) + H12 ( z )
H11 ( z ) =
X1 ( z )
X ( z)
X 1 ( z ) = 2 X ( z ) + 3 z 1 X ( z )
H11 ( z ) = 2 + 3 z 1
H12 ( z ) =
X2 ( z)
X ( z)
X 2 ( z ) = X ( z ) + 4 z 1 X 2 ( z )
X ( z ) = X 2 ( z ) (1 4 z 1 )
H12 ( z ) =
1
1 4 z 1
H 1 ( z ) = 2 + 3 z 1 +
1
1 4 z 1
H 2 ( z ) = z 1
1 1
H ( z ) = 2 + 3z 1 +
z
1 4 z 1
Bi 2.13
Y (z ) =
1 1
z Y (z ) + 2 X (z )
2
Do vy hm h thng l:
Y (z )
H (z ) =
X (z )
2
1
1 z 1
2
H thng ny c mt cc ti z = 1 v mt zero ti gc 0.
2
19
Ta c:
(2 )
n
h(n ) = 2 1 u (n )
y l p ng xung n v ca h thng.
Bi 2.15
Phng n a)
Bi 2.16
Phng n b)
Bi 2.17
Phng n b)
Bi 2.18
Phng n a)
Bi 2.19
Phng n b)
Bi 2.20
Phng n c)
20
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 3
Bi 3.1
x (n ) = a
1 < a < 1
Bi 3.2
0 n L 1
A
x (n ) =
0
vi minh ho nh hnh sau
x(n )
....
L 1
Bi 3.3
x1 ( n
)=
( n ) vi
x 2 ( n ) = 1, 1 , 1
0
Xc nh mt ph nng lng S x x e j
) ca tn hiu
x (n ) = a n u (n ) 1 < a < 1
Bi 3.5
S x x e j
Bi 3.6
n
3
Cho tn hiu x ( n ) = u ( n ) . Ph ca tn hiu s l p n no sau y:
4
21
( )
c) X e j =
( )
1
3
1 + e j
4
( )
1
3
1 e j
4
b) X e j =
a) Khng tn ti.
1
3
1 e j
4
d) X e j =
Bi 3.7
n
4
Cho tn hiu x ( n ) = u ( n ) . Ph ca tn hiu s l p n no sau y:
3
( )
c) X e j =
( )
1
4
1 + e j
3
( )
1
4
1 e j
3
b) X e j =
a) Khng tn ti.
1
4
1 e j
3
d) X e j =
Bi 3.8
a) e j k X e j
c) e j k X e j
b) e j k X e j
d) e j k X e j
)
)
Bi 3.9
1
X ( + 0 )
2
b)
1
X ( 0 )
2
c)
1
1
X ( + 0 ) + X ( 0 )
2
2
d)
1
1
X ( + 0 ) X ( 0 )
2
2
Bi 3.10
a) X e j ( + 0 )
c) e j 0 X e j ( 0 )
b) X e j ( 0 )
d) e j 0 X e j ( + 0 )
Bi 3.11
22
( )
( )
b) H e j = H e j
( )
( )
d) H e j = H e j e j
a) H e j = H e j
c) H e j = H e j e j
( )
( )
( )
( )
Bi 3.12
p ng xung h(n) ca b lc s thng thp l tng pha 0 c biu din dng no sau
y:
a) h ( n ) =
c) h ( n ) =
c sin c n
c n
c sin c n
c n
b) h ( n ) =
sin c n
.n
d) h ( n ) =
c sin c n
n
Bi 3.13
p ng xung h(n) ca b lc s thng cao l tng pha 0 c biu din dng no sau
y:
c sin c n
c n
b) h ( n ) = (n)
sin c n
.n
c sin c n
c n
d) h ( n ) = (n)
c sin c n
n
a) h ( n ) = (n)
c) h ( n ) = (n) +
Bi 3.14
b) h ( n ) = c 2
c 2 n
c1n
a) h ( n ) =
c 2 n
c1n
sin c1n c 2 sin c 2 n
d) h ( n ) = c1
c1n
c 2 n
c) h ( n ) =
Bi 3.15
b) h ( n ) = (n)
c 2 n
c1n
23
c) h ( n ) = (n) +
c 2 n
c1n
d) h ( n ) = (n)
Bi 3.16
P N CHNG III
Bi 3.1
24
X ( ) = X 1 ( ) + X 2 ( )
1 a2
=
1 2 a cos + a 2
Bi 3.2
L 1
X e j =
X e
Ae j n = A
n=0
)=
j ( L 1)
2
Ae
s in ( L / 2 )
s in ( / 2 )
( )
Vi = 0 , bin i ta c X e j 0 = A L .
Ph bin ca x(n ) c dng
=0
AL
X ( ) = sin ( L / 2 )
A sin ( / 2 )
Bi 3.3
X 1 e j
)=
X 2 e j
) = 1 + 2 co s
Do
X (e j ) = X 1 (e j ) X 2 (e j ) = (1 + 2 cos ) 2
= 3 + 4 cos + 2 cos 2
= 3 + 2(e j + e j ) + (e j 2 + e j 2 )
Bin i Fourier ngc ta c:
x (n
)=
3
0
V a < 1 nn dy x(n ) l mt kh tng tuyt i. C th thm tra li bng cch dng cng
thc tng cp s nhn, ngha l
25
x(n) =
n =
n =0
1
<
1 a
X ( ) =
n j n
a e
n
(
ae j )
n=0
n=0
V ae j = a < 1 , nn
X ( ) =
1
1 ae j
Ph mt nng lng l
S xx (
)=
X (
)2
= X ( ) X * (
)=
(1 ae
1
j
)(1 ae j )
hoc tng ng
S xx (
)=
1
2 2 a cos + a 2
Bi 3.5
Hnh biu din tn hiu x(n ) v ph tng ng ca n khi a = 0.5 v a = 0.5 . Nhn xt:
khi a = 0.5 tn hiu bin i nhanh hn v ph ln hn cc tn s cao.
Bi 3.6
p n: Phng n d)
26
Bi 3.7
p n: Phng n a)
Bi 3.8
p n: Phng n d)
Bi 3.9
p n: Phng n c)
Bi 3.10
p n: Phng n b)
Bi 3.11
p n: Phng n a).
Bi 3.12
p n: Phng n c)
Bi 3.13
p n: Phng n a)
Bi 3.14
p n: Phng n b)
Bi 3.15
p n: Phng n d)
Bi 3.16
p n: Phng n c)
Bi 3.17
p n: Phng n a) v c)
Bi 3.18
p n: Phng n b)
27
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 4
Bi 4.1
0n5
6 n 11
1
x (n) =
0
chu k N = 12.
Hy xc nh X ( k ) .
Bi 4.2
x ( n )4
1
2
=
4
3
n=0
n =1
n=2
n=4
x ( n )4
4
3
=
2
1
n=0
n =1
hy xc nh X ( k )
n=2
n=4
hy xc nh X ( k )
Bi 4.3
Cho:
Bi 4.4
1
x (n ) =
0
0 n L 1
n
Hy chng minh:
N 1 j 2 n.r
N
e
n =0
N
=
0
r = l.N
n
l: nguyn
Bi 4.6
Cho hai dy
x1(n)4 = (n 1)
28
n
1
x(n) 4 = 4
0
0n4
n
1
a) X ( k ) =
N
N 1
x ( n ) .e
2
kn
N
N 1
b) X ( k ) = x ( n ) .e
n =0
N 1
c) X ( k ) = x ( n ) .e
2
kn
N
n =0
2
kn
N
1
N
d) X ( k ) =
n =0
N 1
x ( n ) .e
2
kn
N
n =0
Bi 4.8
1
N
N 1
N 1
X ( k ) .e
2
kn
N
N 1
b) x ( n ) = X ( k ) .e
k =0
c) x ( n ) = X ( k ) .e
2
kn
N
k =0
2
kn
N
d) x ( n ) =
k =0
1
N
N 1
X ( k ) .e
2
kn
N
k =0
Bi 4.9
1 N 1
kn
x ( n ) WN
a) X ( k ) = N n =0
0
N 1
kn
x ( n ) WN
b) X ( k ) = n =0
0
0 k N 1
1 N 1
kn
x ( n ) WN
c) X ( k ) = N n =0
0
N 1
kn
x ( n )WN
d) X ( k ) = n =0
0
0 k N 1
k
0 k N 1
k
0 k N 1
k
1 N 1
kn
0 n N 1
X ( k )WN
x ( n ) = N k =0
0
n
x (n) = N
0
X ( k )W
x (n) = N
0
X ( k )W
N 1
k =0
kn
N
0 n N 1
n
N 1
k =0
kn
N
N 1
kn
X ( k ) WN
x ( n ) = k =0
0
0 n N 1
n
0 n N 1
n
Bi 4.10
Ta c th tnh php chp tuyn tnh hai dy x1(n) v x2(n) c chiu di L[x1(n)]=N1 v
L[x2(n)]=N2 thng qua bin i DFT nu ta chn chiu di thc hin bin i DFT l:
29
a) N N1 + N2 -1
b) N N1 + N2 -1
c) N<N1 + N2 -1
d) N > N1 + N2 -1
P N CHNG IV
Bi 4.1
Da vo bin i DFT X ( k ) = x ( n ) .e
2
kn
N
n =0
Ta c:
2
kn
N
=e
2
kn
4
=e
j kn
2
= (e
2 k .n
= ( j ) k .n
T y ta thay vo c:
N 1
X ( k ) = x ( n ) .( j ) kn
n =0
Vy:
3
X ( 0 ) = x(n).( j ) 0.n = 10
n =0
3
X ( 2 ) = x(n).( j ) 2.n = 0
n =0
3
X ( 3) = x(n).( j ) 3.n = 3 j
n =0
Bi 4.3
p n:
X (k ) =
1 e j 2 kn / N
k = 0 ,1,...., N 1
1 e j 2 k / N
sin ( kL / N ) j k ( L 1 ) / N
=
e
N sin ( k / N )
30
Bi 4.6
x3 ( n )4 = x1 ( n )4 (*)4 x2 ( n )4 = x1 ( m )4 x2 ( n m )4 = x2 (n 1) 4
m =0
p n: Phng n b)
Bi 4.8
p n: Phng n d)
Bi 4.9
p n: Phng n b)
Bi 4.10
p n ng: a)
31
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 5
Bi 5.1
c =
Bi 5.6
c =
Bi 5.7
c1 =
, c 2 =
Bi 5.8
Hy thit k b lc s FIR chn di pha tuyn tnh, dng ca s tam gic Barlett vi N = 9,
c1 =
, c 2 =
Bi 5.9
( )
W (e )
W e js
j0
phi nh.
32
( )
W (e )
W e js
j0
phi nh.
( )
W (e )
W e js
j0
ln.
( )
W (e )
W e js
j0
ln.
Bi 5.10
Khi thit k b lc s FIR pha tuyn tnh thc cht l chng ta xc nh:
a) Cc h s ca b lc
b) Loi cu trc b lc
c) Chiu di ca b lc
d) c tnh pha ca b lc
Bi 5.13
b) Tng chiu di ca ca s
33
d) Thay cu trc b lc
Bi 5.14
P N CHNG V
Bi 5.1
Ta c FIR loi 1
N 1
2
h( n) = h( N 1 n )
(0 n N 1)
Vy
N 1 6
= = 3;
2
2
h(0) = h(6) =1 ;
h(3) = 4.
Bi 5.2
Ta c FIR loi 2
N 1
2
h( n) = h( N 1 n )
(0 n N 1)
Vy
N 1
vy tm i xng nm gia 2 v 3.
2
h(0) = h(5) =1 ;
Bi 5.3
Ta c FIR loi 3
N 1
2
h( n) = h( N 1 n)
(0 n N 1)
34
Vy
N 1
= 3 vy tm phn i xng nm ti 3.
2
h(0) = -h(6) =1 ;
h(3) = h(-3) = 0.
Bi 5.4
Ta c FIR loi 4
N 1
2
h( n) = h( N 1 n)
(0 n N 1)
Vy
N 1
vy tm phn i xng nm gia 2 v 3.
2
h(0) = -h(5) =1 ;
Bi 5.5
hhp ( n ) = ( n )
c sin c n
c n
( ) =
N 1
9 1
=
= 4
2
2
sin ( n 4 )
c sin c ( n 4 )
1
4
hhp ( n ) = ( n 4 )
= ( n 4)
4
c ( n 4 )
n4
4
Hd ( z ) =
1
1 2
3
3
3
1 6
1
z 1
z
z 3 + z 4
z 5
z
z 7
4
4
4
12 2
4 2
4 3
12 2
Hay:
1
1
3
x ( n 1)
x ( n 2)
x ( n 3)
4
12 2
4 2
3
3
1
1
+ x ( n 3)
x ( n 5)
x ( n 6)
x (n 7)
4
4
4 3
12 2
y ( n) =
35
p n: Phng n a)
Bi 5.10
p n: Phng n c).
Bi 5.11
p n: Phng n d)
Bi 5.12
p n: Phng n a)
Bi 5.13
p n: Phng n c)
Bi 5.14
p n: Phng n b).
36
CU HI N TP V BI TP CHNG 6
Bi 6.1
1
s +1
H a (s ) =
s + 0,1
( s + 0,1) 2 + 9
Hy chuyn b lc tng t sau sang b lc s bng phng php bin i song tuyn.
Bi 6.5
Ha (s) =
H0
n
(s s )
vi cc im cc s pk = e
1 2 k 1
j +
2 2n
pk
k =1
b) chiu di ca b lc v tn s di thng
c) bc ca b lc v tn s ct
d) chiu di ca b lc v tn s ct
Bi 6.8
a) H () =
1
1+ TN ( / c )
b) H () =
1
1+ T ( / c )
2
2
N
38
c) H () =
1
1+ T ( / c )
d) H () =
2
N
1
1+ T (c / )
2
2
N
Bi 6.10
a) H () =
1+ U
c) H () =
2
N
b) H () =
( / c )
d) H ()
1+ U N ( / c )
1+ U
2
2
N
( / c )
1
1+ U N ( / c )
2
y U N ( x ) l hm elp Jacobian bc N .
P N CHNG VI
Bi 6.1
zT /(1 + T )
z [1 /(1 + T )]
Do vy ta c:
H (z ) =
[(1 z
Hay vi T=0.1:
H (z ) =
0,09 z
0,09
=
z 0,909 1 0,909 z 1
/T +1
1 z 1
T
Bi 6.2
s pk = 0.1 j 3
Ta tm H ( z ) trc tip theo khai trin phn thc ca H a (s ) . Nh vy ta c:
1
1
2
2
H (s ) =
+
s + 0,1 j 3 s + 0,1 + j 3
Khi :
39
1
1
2
2
H (z ) =
+
0,1T j 3T 1
0,1T j 3T 1
1 e
e
z
1 e
e
z
V hai cc l phc lin hp, ta c th kt hp chng to ra b lc hai cc n vi hm h
thng:
H (z ) =
Bi 6.3
Ha ( s) =
ura
R sL
R sL
, vi ura = i 2
; uvo = i R1 + 2
R2 + sL
R2 + sL
uvo
Ha ( s) =
R2 sL
R2 Ls
=
R1 R2 + R1sL + R2 sL R1 R2 + ( R1 + R2 ) Ls
H (z) =
H ( z) =
1 z 1
R2 L
Ts
1 z 1
R1 R2 + ( R1 + R2 ) L
Ts
R2 L (1 z 1 )
R1 R2Ts + ( R1 + R2 ) L (1 z 1 )
R2 L (1 z 1 )
R1 R2Ts + ( R1 + R2 ) L ( R1 + R2 ) Lz 1
R2 L
1 z 1 )
(
R R T + ( R1 + R2 ) L
H ( z) = 1 2 s
( R1 + R2 ) L
z 1
1
R1 R2Ts + ( R1 + R2 ) L
M = 1 b0 =
R2 L
;
R1 R2Ts + ( R1 + R2 ) L
N = 1 a1 =
b1 = b0
( R1 + R2 ) L
R1 R2Ts + ( R1 + R2 ) L
Vy: y ( n ) = b0 x ( n ) + b1 x ( n 1) + a1 y ( n 1)
Sau ta v s cu trc b lc s.
Bi 6.4
Tng t nh cc bi trn.
Bi 6.5
c = 1000
s = 2000
ng vi suy gim 40dB, 2 = 0.01 . V th, t (8.2.54) ta c:
log10 (10 4 1)
N=
= 6,64
2 log10 2
tho mn cc ch tiu mong mun, ta chn N = 7 . Cc v tr cc l:
s pk = 1000 e
j [ / 2 + (2 k +1) /14]
k = 0, 1, 2, , 6
Bi 6.6
Ha (s) =
Ha (s) =
Ha (s) =
( s + 1) s e
2
j
3
2
j
s e 3
( s + 1) s 2 + 1 + s e
2
3
2
3
( s + 1) s 2 + 1 + s 2 cos
1
( s + 1) s 2 s + 1
Bi 6.7 p n: Phng n c)
Bi 6.8 p n: Phng n a)
Bi 6.9 p n: Phng n b)
Bi 6.10 p n: Phng n d)
41
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 7
Bi 7.1
e j (2 N )k
0 k N 1
e (
j 2 N )kn j (2 N )n
n=0
N
=
0
k =l
k l
Bi 7.3
X i +1 ( p)
X i ( p)
X i (q)
Ta c:
Re X i +1 ( p) < 1;
Re X i +1 ( p + 1) < 1
Re X i +1 (q) < 1;
Re X i +1 (q + 1) < 1
X i +1 (q)
Nu:
X i ( p) <
1
2
X i (q) <
1
2
Bi 7.4
42
P N CHNG VII
Bi 7.1
minh ho cho th tc tnh ton trn, chng ta hy xem xt vic tnh mt DFT N = 15
im. N = 3 5 = 15 nn ta chn L = 5 v M = 3 . Mt khc chng ta lu dy x(n ) 15 im
theo kiu ct nh sau:
Hng 1 : x(0, 0 ) =
Hng 2 : x(1, 0 ) =
Hng 3 : x(2, 0 ) =
Hng 4 : x(3, 0 ) =
0
1
2
W Nlq
DFT 5 im
(L = 5)
5
8
11
14
DFT 3 im
(M
= 3)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
F (0, 0)
F (1, 0 )
F (2, 0)
F (3, 0)
F (0, 1)
F (1, 1)
F (2, 1)
F (3, 1)
F (0, 2)
F (1, 2 )
F (2, 2)
F (3, 2)
Ct 1
G (0, 0)
G (1, 0 )
G (2, 0)
G (3, 0)
G (4, 0)
Ct 2
G (0, 1)
G (1, 1)
G (2, 1)
G (3, 1)
G (4, 1)
lq
Ct 3
G (0, 2)
G (1, 2)
G (2, 2)
G (3, 2)
G (4, 2)
Bc cui cng l tnh ton DFT 5 im ln lt cho 3 hng. Vic tnh ton ln cui ny ta
nhn c cc gi tr mong mun ca DFT dng :
X (0, 0) =
X (1, 0) =
X (2, 0) =
X (3, 0) =
x(0 ) x(5) x(10 ) x(1) x(6 ) x(11) x(2 ) x(7 ) x(12 ) x(3) x(8) x(13) x(14 ) x(9 ) x(14 )
DY U RA
X (0 ) X (1) X (2) X (3) X (4) X (5) X (6 ) X (7 ) X (8) X (9 ) X (10 ) X (11) X (12 ) X (13) X (14 )
Chng ta thy rng dy u vo b xo trn t cc trt t bnh thng trong tnh ton DFT.
Mt khc, dy u ra li tun ng vi trt t. Trong trng hp ny vic sp xp li mng u
vo ph thuc vo vic phn on ca mng mt chiu thnh mng hai chiu v trt t m theo
cc tnh ton DFT c tnh. Vic xo trn ca dy d liu u vo hoc dy d liu u ra ny l
mt c tnh chung ca hu ht cc thut ton tnh ton FFT.
44
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 8
Bi 8.1
Cho b lc c hm truyn t
b + b z1 + b2z2
H( z ) = 0 1
1+ a1z1 + a2z2
Cho b lc c hm truyn t
b + b z1 + b2z2
H( z ) = 0 1
1+ a1z1 + a2z2
3+ 2z1 + 0.5z2
2 + 2z1 + 3z2 + 0.5z3 + z4
1
1
1
Cho mt lc dn 3 tng vi cc h s k1 = , k 2 = , k 3 = , hy tm cc h s b lc FIR
4
2
3
c cu trc dng trc tip.
45
Bi 8.8
1
1
1
1
1
, k2 = , k3 = , k4 = , k5 = , hy tm cc h
4
2
3
4
2
Cho mt lc dn 5 tng vi cc h s k1 =
s b lc FIR c cu trc dng trc tip.
Bi 8.9
H ( z ) = A3 (z ) = 1 +
13 1 5 2 1 3
z + z + z
24
8
3
Bi 8.10
H ( z ) = A2 ( z ) = 1 +
1 1 1 2
z + z
2
8
P N CHNG VIII
Bi 8.1
x(n )
b0
z 1 b1
z 1
Bi 8.2
a1 z
a2
b2
x(n)
a1
z 1
y(n )
b0
y (n )
z1
z 1
b1
a2
b2
Bi 8.3
46
x(n )
b0
z 1 b1
z 1
y (n )
0.5
z 1
b2
Bi 8.4
Chuyn nh bi 8.2 ta c
x(n)
y(n )
2
+
z 1
+
z 1
2
Bi 8.5
A1 (z ) = A0 (z ) + k1 z 1 B0 ( z )
= 1 + k1 z 1 = 1 +
1 1
z
4
Bm ( z ) l a thc nghch o ca Am ( z ) , nn ta c:
B1 ( z ) =
1
. V
4
1
+ z 1
4
A2 ( z ) = A1 ( z ) + k 2 z 1 B1 ( z )
= 1+
3 1 1 2
z + z
8
2
47
3
8
1
2
A3 (z ) = A2 (z ) + k3 z 1 B2 ( z )
= 1+
13 1 5 2 1 3
z + z + z
24
8
3
3 (0) = 1, 3 (1) =
1
13
5
, 3 (2) = v 3 (3) =
3
24
8
Bi 8.8
Bi 8.9
1
. Hn na:
3
1 5
13
B3 ( z ) = + z 1 + z 2 + z 3
3 8
24
H thc gim bc vi m = 3 c:
A2 ( z ) =
A3 ( z ) K 3 B3 ( z )
1 K 32
=1+
V th K 2 = 2 (2 ) =
3 1 1 2
z + z
8
2
1 3
1
v B 2 ( z ) = + z 1 + z 2 . Bng s lp li php quy h tng
2 8
2
bc ta t c:
A1 ( z ) =
A2 ( z ) K 2 B2 ( z )
1 K 22
=1+
Do K1 = 1 (1) =
1 1
z
4
1
4
Bi 8.10
CU HI V BI TP CHNG 9
Bi 9.1
Cho tn hiu:
n
1
x ( n) = 6
0
0n6
n
X ( z ) = z 1 + 2 z 2 + 3z 3 + 2 z 4 + z 5 + 3z 6 + 2 z 7
Hy xc nh tn hiu Y M ( z ) vi M=2
Bi 9.3
Cho ph tn hiu
( )
X e j
3
2
/ 2
/2
3
2
( )
Hy xc nh Y 2 e j
Bi 9.4
n
1
Cho x ( n ) = 3
0
0n6
n
Hy xc nh: y 2 ( n )
Bi 9.5
Cho ph tn hiu
49
( )
X e j
3
2
/ 2
/2
3
2
( )
Hy xc nh Y2 e j = ?
Bi 9.7
Cho 2 s
S 1:
( )
L
X ( z )
Y L ( z )
Y LH ( z )
H z
S 2:
( )
L
X ( z )
YH ( z )
YH L ( z )
H z
Cho tn hiu: X ( z ) = 1 + 2 z 1 + 3 z 2 + 4 z 3 + 5 z 4 + 6 z 5 + 7 z 6
Tn hiu ny i qua b ly mu
2
2
v . Tm Y 2 ( z ) = ? v Y 2 ( z ) = ?
3
3
3
3
Bi 9. 9
Cho x ( n ) = rect2 ( n )
n
1
h (n) = 3
0
0n3
n
Tnh yH 2 ( z ) = ?
Bi 9. 10
Cho x ( n ) = rect2 ( n )
n
1
h (n) = 3
0
0n3
n
Tnh Y 2 H ( z ) = ?
50
P N CHNG IX
Bi 9.1
y 2 ( 0 ) = 1;
y2 (1) = 2/3;
y 2 ( 2 ) = 1/3;
Bi 9.2
n
x
y 2 ( n ) = L
0
n = 0, 1L, 2 L,...
n
Ta c: y 2 ( 0 ) = 1
y 2 ( 2 ) =
2
3
y2 ( 3) =
2
3
Bi 9.5
X ( z ) = z 1 + 3z 2 + 3 z 3 + z 4
Y 2 ( z ) = z 2 + 3 z 4 + 3z 6 + z 8
Bi 9.6
Y 2 ( e j ) = X ( e j 2 )
Ta v ra thy ph b nn li mt na ging v d 9.6
Bi 9.7
S 1:
( )
L
X ( z )
Y L ( z )
Y LH ( z )
H z
Y L ( z ) = X ( z L )
Y LH ( z ) = Y L ( z ) .H ( z ) = X ( z L ) .H ( z )
S 2:
( )
L
X ( z )
YH ( z )
YH L ( z )
H z
51
YH ( z ) = X ( z ) H ( z )
YH L ( z ) = YH ( z L ) = X ( z L ) .H ( z L )
Kt lun: 2 s tng ng
( )
H zL
Bi 9.8
Cho tn hiu: X ( z ) = 1 + 2 z 1 + 3 z 2 + 4 z 3 + 5 z 4 + 6 z 5 + 7 z 6
Tn hiu ny i qua b ly mu
2
2
v . Tm Y 2 ( z ) = ? v Y 2 ( z ) = ?
3
3
3
3
Bi 9. 9
X ( z ) = 1 + z 1
H ( z) = 1+
2 1 1 2
z + z
3
3
YH ( z ) = X ( z ) .H ( z )
YH 2 ( z ) =
1 1 12 j 22 l 12 j 22 l
X z e .H z e
2 l =0
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
YH 2 ( z ) = [ X ( z ) H ( z ) + X ( z ) H ( z 2 )]
2
1
1
YH ( z 2 )
YH ( z 2 )
X ( z ) = 1 + z 1
Y 2 ( z ) = X ( z 2 ) = 1 + z 2
H ( z) = 1+
2 1 1 2
z + z
3
3
Y 2 H ( z ) = Y2 ( z ) .H ( z ) = X ( z 2 ) .H ( z )
T y ta thc hin tng t ging v d 9.14
52