กม.อาญาและอาชญาวิทยาชั้นสูง หน่วยที่ 5

| 1
| 2
5
5.1.1 :
(Cesare Beccaria)
5.1
(Classical School)
5.1.2 :
, ,
5.1.3
(Neo Classic School)
5.2.1
5.2
(Postivism School)
5.2.2

5.2.3
5.2.4
5.3.1
5.3
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.4.1
5.4
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.3.3
| 3

5.1
5.1.1 :
5.1.2 :

5.1.3
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
| 4
1.

(Social Contract)

(Free will)

(Deterrence Theory)
(Deterrence)

(1) (Specific Deterrence)
(2)
(General Deterrence)
2.

(Thermic of crime)
| 5

(Atavistic)
(Born Criminal)
3.

(August Comte)

(Individualistic
approach) (Durkheim)
(Social
System)

(social order)
(Anomie)

4.

(Differential Association Theory)

(Cultural conflict)
(Two different cultures)
(Criminal)
(Conventional) (Marvin E. Wolfgang)
(Franco Ferracutti)
(Cultural and Subcultural Theories of Crime)
.. 1967
| 6

(Albert K. Cohen)

3
(1) (End-to-End theoretical Integration)
(2) (Side-by-Side theoretical Integration)
(3) (Up-and-Down theoretical Integration)
| 7
5
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
1) 5
2) 5
3) 5
4)
4.1) 5
4.2)
5)
6)
7) 5
2.
1)
2)
1.
1) 5
2)
(1) (2551)
(2) (2517)
(2553)
:
(2553) :
| 8
(5
(2531) :

(6
(2545)

(7) (2527)

(8) Beccaria, Cesare. (1764) On Crimes and Punishments, with notes
and introduction by David Young (Indianapolis. IN: Hackett, 1985)
(9) Carrabine, Eamonn, Cox Palm, Lee, Maggt, Plummer, Ken and
South, Nigel. (2009) Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. Second edition. New
York: Routledge.
(10) McLaughlin, Eugene. Muncie, John. and Hughes, Gordon. (2003)
Criminological Perspectives Essential Reading. Second Edition London: Sage
Publications
(11) Lilly, Robert J. Cullen, Francis T. and Ball, Richard A. (2007)
Criminology Theory: Context and Consequences. Thousand Oaks: Sage
Publications
(12) Morrison, Wayne. (2006) Criminology, Civilisation & the New
Word Order. Oxon: Routledge Cavendish
(13) Siegel, Larry J. (2010) Criminology: Theories, Patterns, and
Typoloies. Tenth Edition Belmont: Wadworth Cengage Learning.
(14) Tibbetts, Stephen G. and Hemmens, Craig, (2010) Criminological
Theory. Los Angeles: Sage Publications, Inc.
(15) Wolfgang, M.E. (1973). Cesare Lombroso. In H. Mannaheim (Ed.),
Pioneer in criminology (2nd Edition, pp.232-291) Montclair, NJ: Patterson Smith
2.
1.
2.
| 9

30
1. (Free Will)
2. (Deterrence Theory)

3. (Born Criminal)
(Atavistic)
4. (Chicago School of Criminology)

| 10
5.1

5.1
5.1.1 :
5.1.2 :

5.1.3 :
1. (Cesare Beccaria)

(On
Crimes and Punishments)

(Utilitarianism)

(Deterrence Theory) 3 (1)
(Swiftness) (2)
(Certainty) (3) (Severity)
2
(1)
(nullum criemen sig lego) (2)

| 11
2. (Jeremy Bentham)
(Falicific Calculus)
(Hedonism)
...

...

(William
Blackstone)

18 (Robert Peel)

3. (Rossi, Garraud,and Joly)

4
(1)
(2)

(3)

(4)

| 12

1.

2.

3.

| 13
5.1.1 :
(The Classical School of Criminology)

18 (Enlightenment)

(Utilitarianism
philosophy)
(Social contract) (Free will)
(Free will)

.. 1764 (Cesare Beccaria)

Dei delitti e delle pene
On Crimes and Punishments

(Capital Punishment)

(Utilitarianism philosophy)

| 14
On Crimes and Punishments

(Preventive Punishment)
(1)

(2)

(3)
(Deterrence)
. (Specific

Deterrence)
(General Deterrence)

(4) (Deterrence)

.
.

(Deterrence Theory)
3
1) (Swiftness of punishment)
| 15
...
..

2) (Certainty of punishment)

...
...
...
...

...
3) (Severity of
punishment)

1

1)
(Utilitarianisn philosophy)

1
2531
| 16
2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

17

.. 1789
.. 1971
(Voltaire) (Thomas
Jefferson) (Blackstone) (John Adams)
| 17

(nullum criemen sig lego)
18

Free i
Equal punishment for the same crime
(Social
contract) (Utilitarianism Philosophy)
(Hedonism Philosophy)

(Free Will) (Rational)

| 18
2
1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)
7)

8)
9)

2
2531
| 19

( ...
1 On Crimes and Punishments in McLaughlin, Eugene. Muncie, John. and
Hughes, Gordon. (2003) Criminological Perspectives Essential Reading. Second Edition
London: Sage Publications
Publications
(3) Morrison, Wayne. (2006) Criminology, Civilisation & the New Word
Order. Oxon: Routledge Cavendish
(6) (2531) :

5.1.1
(Detterence Theory)
5.1.1
( 5 5.1 5.1.1)
| 20
5.1.2 :

(Jeremy Bentham) (1748-1832) 15

.. 1748
(Utilitarianism)

(Falicific Calculus)

(Hedonism)
(Hedonism)

...

...

(Free will)

(William Blackstone 1723-1780)

18

| 21

(Sir Robert Peel 1788 1850)

(
Publications
5.1.2
(Hedonism)

5.1.2
( 5 5.1 5.1.2)
| 22
5.1.3 :
(Neo-Classical School of Criminology)

19 (Rossi) (Garraud) (Joly)

4
1.
2.

3.

4.

. 1810
..1819
| 23
(
Publications
5.1.3
5.1.3
( 5 5.1 5.1.3)
| 24
5.2
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2 :
5.2.3 :
5.2.4
1.

(Primitive society)

(Rational)
(Scientific Method)
Positive stage

(Postivist)

2.

3.
(Atavistic) 4 (1)
(Born criminals) (2) (3)
| 25
(4)

4.

2

2

(Theory of Social Disorganization)

| 26
5.2.1

(Empirical method)
(Scientific method)
(Though)
(Reason)

19
(Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

(Auguste Comte 1798-1857)

3
(Primitive society)

(Rational)
(Scientific
Method)
Positive stage
(Postivist)
3
2553
| 27
5.2.1

Postivist
5.2.1
( 5 5.1 5.2.1)
| 28
5.2.2

(Andre-Michel Guerry) (1802-1866)

(Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet 22
February 1796 17 February 1874)

| 29

(Relative Deprivation)

(Andre-Michel Guerry)

(cartographic school and positivist schools of criminology)

(Of the Propensity to Crime)

.. 1830

(Thermic of crime)

(Criminological Postivivsm)

55

| 30

(2531)

5.1.2

5.2.2
( 5 5.1 5.2.2)
| 31
5.2.3 :

(Born Criminal)
(Italian School) (Cesare
Lombroso)
(Free Will)

1876
On Criminal Man
(Atavistic)
4
(1) (Born criminals)
or people with atavistic characteristics)
(2) (Insane criminals)

(3) (Occasional
criminaloids)
criminals
or
(4) (Criminals of passion)

(who commit crimes because of anger, love, or honor
and are characterized by being prope ed to crime by irresistib e force)

| 32

(Raffaele Garofalo1852-1934)

(Natural
Body) (against the of nature)

(Enrico Ferri 1856-1929)

(Criminal Sociology) .. 1884

(1)
(2)
| 33
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

(
(1) Lilly, Robert J. Cullen, Francis T. and Ball, Richard A. (2007) Criminology
Theory: Context and Consequences. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications
(2531) :

5.2.3
5.2.3
( 5 5.2 5.2.3)
| 34
5.2.4
(The Chicago School of

Criminology)
(Ecologiacl School)
(Social Disorganization)
(The Transmission of Cultural

Value)

(The Transmission of Cultural Value)

(Chaos)
(Normlessnes)
(Anomic State)

(Gangs)

| 35

(Robert E. Park 1864-1944)

(Symbiosis)

(Natural Areas)
(clusters)

(Theory of Concentric Circle)

(Ernest Burgess 1886-1966)

(Succession)

| 36

5.2.4


5.2.4
( 5 5.2 5.2.4)
(
Publications
(2531) :

| 37
5.3

5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
1.
(Comte)
(Functionalism)

(Durkheim)

(social
order)
| 38
2.

(Anomie) (normlessness)

3. (Merton)

(Strain) (Frustration)
4.

(Immitation and
Suggession)

(Three Law of Immitation)
3 1) 2)
3)

1.
2.
3.
4.
| 39
5.3.1
(Funtionalism)

(Auguste Comte 1798-187)

(Postivism) The
Course in Positive Philosophy .. 1830-1842
(Functionalism)

ndividua istic approach
(Social)

(Social
facts)
| 40

(Functionalism Theory)
(a Whole)
(a Part)

(equilibrium)

...

...

(Social order)
(Conscience)

(socialization)
(Collective Conscience)

(Moral being) (Social
| 41
being)
4

(Robert K. Merton)
(Functionalism
Structure) (Levels of Functional Analysis)

2
(Manifest Functions) (Latent Functions)

(
(1) Siegel, Larry J. (2010) Criminology: Theories, Patterns, and Typoloies. Tenth
Edition Belmont: Wadworth Cengage Learning.
(2) Tibbetts, Stephen G. and Hemmens, Craig, (2010) Criminological Theory.
Los Angeles: Sage Publications, Inc.
2553
| 42
5.3.1

5.3.1
( 5 5.3 5.3.1)
| 43
5.3.2
(Anomie Theory)
(Emile Durkheim (1858-1917)

(Structural Functionalism)

2

1960

(Anomie) (normlessness)

(Free will)
| 44

(Socal fact)

Goa s and eans
(goals)
(mean)
(goals)

(means)

(Anomie)
(Anomie)

(suiside) (crime)
(
(1) Siegel, Larry J. (2010) Criminology: Theories, Patterns, and Typoloies.
Tenth Edition Belmont: Wadworth Cengage Learning.
| 45
5.3.2 (Anomie)

5.3.2
( 5 5.3 5.3.2)
| 46
5.3.3
(Strain Theory)
(Robert K. Merton)

(Structural Strain)
(proposition)

1900


5
2553
| 47
(
5.3.3
(Strain)

5.3.3
( 5 5.3 5.3.3)
| 48
5.3.4

2 (Socail Learning Theories)
(Labeling Theories)
(Frank
Tannenbaum) (Howad S. Becker) (Edwin
Lemert) 5.3.4
5.3.5
(Jean Gabriel Tarde 1843-1904)

(Immitation)
(Innovation)
(Group mind)

(Social Cognitive Learning Theory)
(Tardes imitation theory)

Tardes imitation theory

(Immitation and Suggession)

3
1) (The Law of Imtation of Close Contact)
| 49
2) (The Law of Imtation of Superior by

Inferior)
3) (The Law of Imtation of Insertion)
3

(
5.3.4

5.3.4
( 5 5.3 5.3.4)
| 50
5.4
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
1. (Edwin H. Sutherland)

(Cultural transmitted)
(Learned) (Social interaction)

(Cultural conflict) (Two
different cultures) (Crimnal)
(Conventional)
2. (Marvin E.Wolfgang) (Franco
Ferracutti)
-
(Cultural and Subcultural Theories of Crime) .. 1967

| 51

(Albert K. Cohen)

(Subcultural Theory of Delinquent) (Cohen 1955)

3. (Frank Tannenbaum) (1938-1969)

(dramatization of evil)

4.
(Integrated Theories of
Criminology) ) Posulate

(1)
(End-to-End theoretical Integration) (2)
(Side-by-Side theoretical Integration) (3)
(Up-and-Down theoretical Integration)

1.
2.

3.
4.
| 52
5.4.1
(Differential Associastion)

(Edwin H. Sutherland (1883-1950)

(rejecting individualism)

(Differential Association)

(Cultural conflict) (Two different
cultures)6 (Crimnal)
(Conventional)

6
2553
| 53
(definitions favorable to violation of law)

(
(1) Gwen Williams. Gabriel Tarde and the Imitation of Deviance.
http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimetheory/tarde.htm
| 54
5.4.1
(Diferrential Association)

5.4.1
( 5 5.4 5.4.1)
| 55
5.4.2
- (Cultural and Subcultural

Theories of Crime)

(Marvin E.Wolfgang) (Franco
Ferracutti)
- (Cultural and
Subcultural Theories of Crime) .. 1967

(Subcultural norms)

(Culture)

(subculture) (Culture)
(subculture)

| 56
(Focal Concerns Theory)

6 (Six focal
concerns) Faith
(Autonomy) (Trouble)
(Toughness) (Excitement)
(Smartness)

(Focal Concerns Theory)

(Albert K. Cohen
(Delinquent Boys)

(The delinquent subculture)

7

2553
| 57
(
(1) Gwen Williams. Gabriel Tarde and the Imitation of Deviance.
http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/tarde.htm
5.4.2

5.4.2
( 5 5.4 5.4.2)
| 58
5.4.3
(Dramatization of evil)
(Frank Tannenbaum)

(Dramatization of evil)
(Label
Theory)

(Edwin Lemert)

(Primary Deviance)

(Secondary Deviance)

| 59

(Howard Saul Becker)
. . 1963

(Rule)

(Shure 1971)
1)
2)
3)

3
1) (stereotyping)
2) (retrospective interpretation)
3) (negotiation)

(Walter Lippmann)

...

...
| 60
bargaining
(deviant disavowal)
9
1)

2)
3)
4)
5)

6)
7)
8)

tereotype
9)

(
| 61
(3) (Gwen Williams. Gabriel Tarde and the Imitation of Deviance.

http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/crimtheory/tarde.htm
5.4.3
(Howard Saul
Becker)
5.4.3
( 5 5.4 5.4.3)
| 62
5.4.4

(Integated Theories of Criminology)
-

19

20

(multiple-factor approach)

20
(Systemic
Reduction)

(Systemic Reduction)

1900S

| 63
(Integrated Theories
of Criminology)

(Proposition)
(Posulate)
8
1. (End-to-End theoretical
Integration)

- (casual factors)

() (
)
(End-to-End Integratiojn)
(Sequential)
2553
| 64
2. (Side-by-Side theoretical
Integration)
(horizontal integration)

(
289 (4))

low-self control theory
(rational
choice theory)

(Side-by-Side theoretical
Integration)

| 65
3. (Up-and-Down theoretical
Integration) Deductive
Integration

(posulates)

3.1 (Theoritical Reduction)

( A)
( B)
( B) ( A)

uther ands Differentia Association

3.2 (Theoritical Synthesis)
A B
C

| 66
(
(1) Carrabine, Eamonn, Cox Palm, Lee, Maggt, Plummer, Ken and South,
Nigel. (2009) Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. Second edition. New York:
Routledge.
(3) Morrison, Wayne. (2006) Criminology, Civilisation & the New Word
Order. Oxon: Routledge Cavendish
5.4.4

5.4.4
( 5 5.4 5.4.4)
| 67
(2551)
(2517)
(2553)
(2553) :
(2531) :

(2545)
(2527)

Beccaria, Cesare. (1764) On Crimes and Punishments, with notes and introduction by
David Young (Indianapolis. IN: Hackett, 1985)
Carrabine, Eamonn, Cox Palm, Lee, Maggt, Plummer, Ken and South, Nigel. (2009)
Criminology: A Sociological Introduction. Second edition. New York:
Routledge.
McLaughlin, Eugene. Muncie, John. and Hughes, Gordon. (2003) Criminological
Perspectives Essential Reading. Second Edition London: Sage Publications
Lilly, Robert J. Cullen, Francis T. and Ball, Richard A. (2007) Criminology Theory:
Context and Consequences. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications
Morrison, Wayne. (2006) Criminology, Civilisation & the New Word Order. Oxon:
Routledge Cavendish
Siegel, Larry J. (2010) Criminology: Theories, Patterns, and Typoloies. Tenth
Edition Belmont: Wadworth Cengage Learning.
| 68
Tibbetts, Stephen G. and Hemmens, Craig, (2010) Criminological Theory. Los

Angeles: Sage Publications, Inc.
Wolfgang, M.E. (1973). Cesare Lombroso. In H. Mannaheim (Ed.), Pioneer in
Criminology (2nd Edition, pp.232-291) Montclair, NJ: Patterson Smith
| 69
5.1
5.1.1
(Detterence Theory)

(Deterrence Theory)
3
3) (Severity of punishment)
5.1.2
(Hedonism

...

...
5.1.3
(Neo-Classical School of Criminology)
(Rossi) (Garraud) (Joly)
4
1.
2.

| 70
3.

4.

5.2
5.2.1
(Auguste Comte)
(Primitive society)

(Rationa
ositive stage

Postivist Postivist
(measurable)

5.2.2

.. 1830

(Thermic of crime)
| 71

(Criminological Postivism)
55

5.2.3

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

5.2.4
(The Transmission of Cultural
Value)

(Chaos) (Normlessnes)
(Anomic State)

| 72
(Gangs)

5.3
5.3.1
(Functionalism Theory)
(a Whole)
(a Part)

(equilibrium)

...

...

(Social order)
(Conscience)
(socialization)

(Collective Conscience)

(Moral being)
(Social being)
| 73
5.3.2
(Anomie) (
) ( )
(suiside) (crime)

Goa s and eans

(Anomie)
5.3.3
| 74


5.3.4
Tardes imitation theory

(Immitation and
Suggession)
3 1) (The Law of Imtation of Close Contact)
2) (The Law of Imtation of Superior by Inferior) 3)
(The Law of Imtation of Insertion)
5.4
5.4.1
(Diferrential Association)

| 75
5.4.2
(Subcultural Theory of Delinquent)

(Albert K. Cohen)

(The delinquent subculture)

5.4.3
(Howard Saul Becker)
.. 1963

5.4.4

(Proposition)
(Posulate)
9
1. (End-to-End theoretical
Integration)

- (casual factors)

(
2553
| 76
) (
)
(End-to-End Integratiojn)
(Sequential)

2. (Side-by-Side theoretical
Integration)
(horizontal integration)
( )

low-self control theory
rational choice theory

Integration)
(Side-by-Side
theoretical
| 77
3. (Up-and-Down theoretical
Integration) Deductive
Integration

posulates

3.1 (Theoritical Reduction)

( A)
( B)
( B) ( A)

uther ands Differentia Association

3.2 (Theoritical Synthesis)
A B
C

| 78

30
1. (Free Will)
2. (Deterrence Theory)

3. (Born Criminal)
(Atavistic)
4. (Chicago School of Criminology)


| 79
5
1. (Free will)

(Free
Will)
Equa punishment for the same crime

(Free will)

2.
(Deterrence Theory)

3
...

..
...

..
.. ...

| 80
3). (Severity of
punishment)

3. (Born Criminal)
(Free Will)

1859
1863
3,000

1876
On Criminal Man

(Atavistic)

4
(1) (Born criminals)
or people with atavistic characteristics)
(2) nsane crimina s

| 81
(3) (Occasional criminals or criminaloids)

(4) (Criminals of passion)

(who commit crimes because of anger, love, or honor and are
characterized by being prope ed to crime by irresistib e force

(Born Criminal)
4. (The Chicago School of
Criminology)
(Ecologiacl School)
(Socail Disorganization)


(Chaos)
(Normlessnes)
(Anomic State)

(Gangs)

(Shaw and McKay)

| 82

2 3
1) (Physical dilapidation)
2) (Poverty)
3)
(Heterogeneity)
(cultural mix)
3

(Social
disorganization)


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| 1

4. (Chicago School of Criminology)

(The Classical School of Criminology)

On Crimes and Punishments

Equal punishment for the same crime

(Jeremy Bentham) (1748-1832) 15

(Neo-Classical School of Criminology)

(Auguste Comte 1798-1857)

(4) (Criminals of passion)

(The Chicago School of

(The Transmission of Cultural

(Theory of Concentric Circle)

(Theory of Social Disorganization)

(Tardes imitation theory)

2) (The Law of Imtation of Superior by

3. (Frank Tannenbaum) (1938-1969)

(definitions favorable to violation of law)

- (Cultural and Subcultural

(Focal Concerns Theory)

(3) (Gwen Williams. Gabriel Tarde and the Imitation of Deviance.

3.1 (Theoritical Reduction)

Tibbetts, Stephen G. and Hemmens, Craig, (2010) Criminological Theory. Los

(Subcultural Theory of Delinquent)

3.1 (Theoritical Reduction)

4. (Chicago School of Criminology)

Equa punishment for the same crime

(3) (Occasional criminals or criminaloids)

(Shaw and McKay)

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