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    This document discusses structural requirements for building foundations and retaining walls. It covers the types of forces that must be accommodated, including vertical, horizontal, and oblique loads from wind, soil pressure, water, and temperature changes. Horizontal forces can cause sliding or overturning failures. The shape of the foundation, including features like the toe and extended heel, can counteract these forces. Buttresses and different types of retaining walls, such as gravity, cantilever, crib, bulkhead, and piling walls, are also discussed as ways to reinforce walls and support structural loads.

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    Structural Requirements for a Building

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    This document discusses structural requirements for building foundations and retaining walls. It covers the types of forces that must be accommodated, including vertical, horizontal, and oblique loads from wind, soil pressure, water, and temperature changes. Horizontal forces can cause sliding or overturning failures. The shape of the foundation, including features like the toe and extended heel, can counteract these forces. Buttresses and different types of retaining walls, such as gravity, cantilever, crib, bulkhead, and piling walls, are also discussed as ways to reinforce walls and support structural loads.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    36 views26 pages

    Structural Requirements For A Building

    Uploaded by

    mmae64
    This document discusses structural requirements for building foundations and retaining walls. It covers the types of forces that must be accommodated, including vertical, horizontal, and oblique loads from wind, soil pressure, water, and temperature changes. Horizontal forces can cause sliding or overturning failures. The shape of the foundation, including features like the toe and extended heel, can counteract these forces. Buttresses and different types of retaining walls, such as gravity, cantilever, crib, bulkhead, and piling walls, are also discussed as ways to reinforce walls and support structural loads.

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    of 26

    Unit 1

    Structural Requirements for a Building

    Forces
    Vertical
    Easy to accommodate

    Horizontal: MORE COMPLEX


    Wind Soil pressure Water Temperature

    Oblique forces: inclined forces

    Horizontal force
    Horizontal forces provide two type of failure:
    Sliding Overturning

    These problem can be overcome by:


    Shape of foundation buttressing

    Shape of foundation

    foundation for a retaining wall is shown.


    The toe stops the wall slipping the extended heel counterbalances the overturning forces.

    buttress

    A buttress is an architectural structure built against (a counter fort (or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall

    buttress

    buttress

    Retaining Wall

    types of retaining walls


    Common types of retaining walls a) Gravity wall b) Cantilever wall c) Crib wall d) Bulkhead (Anchor) e) Piling wall

    types of retaining walls

    Gravity wall
    Gravity walls are economical for heights up to 3 m Gravity wall types:
    Massive Concrete or rock wall Crib wall Gabion wall

    Concrete Gravity Wall

    Concrete Gravity Wall

    Crib walls
    Crib walls are made up of interlocking individual boxes made from timber or pre-cast concrete. The boxes are then filled with crushed stone or other coarse granular materials to create a free draining structure. There are two basic types of crib wall:
    Timber, and Reinforced pre-cast concrete

    Gabion Wall

    Gabion Wall

    Sheet Pile

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