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Monday, March 26 - April 1 , 2012
http://www.thevoicemyanmar.com
Vol.8 / No.15
Weekly
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t,f'Dwm( 22.3.2012)
The
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Myanmar
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Living Color
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12
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13
VOICE
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BUYING GUIDE
21
VOICE
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Vol.8 / No.15
New Books
March 26 - April 1 , 2012
New Books
New Books
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28
VOICE
The
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The
Vol.8 / No.15
March 26 - April 1 , 2012
SOFTWARE
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THE VOICE WEEKLY 29
29
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32
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tzGJUrS OD;apmESifh ocifApdefwkdYu (oD;jcm;tqdkjyKcsufwifjyjcif;
r&SdbJ) vufrSwfrxkd;cJhMuyg/ ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDrSvnf;
1947 Zef e 0g&D v 30 &uf a eYxk w f uG e f j rLepf aeYpOf
owif;pmacgif;BuD;ydkif;rS tcsufoHk;csufjzifh a0zefcJhonf/ if;
wkdYrSm 1/ wpfESpftwGif; vGwfvyfa&;ay;&efqkdaom rlvawmif;
qkcd sufukd rjznfq
h nf;Ekid ?f 2/ 1935 ckEpS f tufOya'a&G;aumuf
yGJpepfudkoHk;xm;jcif;? bk&ifcHcefYtrwf 100 ygonfh Oya'jyK
aumifpu
D kd cGifhjyKxm;&jcif;wdkYaMumifh xGufay:vmrnfh wkdif;jyK
jynfjyKvTwfawmfrSm jrefrmwkdYbufrS tmPmrydki?f bk&ifcHom
tmPmydkifvdrfhrnf? 3/ 1935 ckESpf tufOya'tydk'f 136 ESifh
1945 ckESpf ,m,DpDrHcsuftufOya'rsm;udk cGifhjyKxm;&onfh
twGuf xGuaf y:vmrnfMh um;jzwftpk;d &rSmvnf; tmPm&Sad om
trsKd;om;tpkd;&rjzpfEkdif[l jzpfygonf/ a'gufwmbarmf\
r[mArmtzGJUcsKyfuvnf; rwfv 9 &ufwGif aeol&defHk
tpnf;ta0;usif;yNyD; atmifqef;-tufwvDpmcsKyfukd tcsuf
ESpcf sufjzifh a0zefco
hJ nf/ if;wkYd rmS 1/ 1935ESihf 1945 tuf
Oya'ESpf&yftay: tajcwnfonfjzpf bk&ifcHomtmPmydkif
aomtkyfcsKyfa&;pepfjzpf? 2/ wpfESpftwGif; vGwfvyfa&;ay;zkdY?
wkdif;jyKjynfjyKvTwfawmfudk ArmomtmPmydkifzdkY? tjynfht0
tmPmydkifaom trsKd;om;tpdk;& wpfvtwGif;zGJUzdkYqkdaom
tcsurf sm;ryg jrefrmbufrt
S usK;d r&Sd [ljzpfonf/ (uGejf rLepf
ygwDa0zefcsufESifh a'gufwmbarmfa0zefcsufwkdYrSm tajccHt&
wlnaD eonfukd awGU&ygonf/)
azazmf0g&Dv 3 &ufaeYwGif AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;bufrS
pmcsKyfESifhywfoufNyD; jyefvnf&Sif;cJhonf/ &Sif;vif;csufudk
4-2-47 aeYxkwf oHawmfqifhowif;pmrS aumufEkwfazmfjy
vku
d yf gonf/
- bdvyfudk uRefawmfwkdYoGm;wm tcsufoHk;csufawmif;zkdY
oGm;wm/ 1- Mum;jzwftpk;d &zGUJ a&;? 2- wkid ;f jyKjynfjyKvTwaf wmf
ac:,la&;? 3- wpfESpftwGif; jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;aMunma&;
wkYd jzpf/
- uReaf wmfwYdkvv
dk m;wJh Mum;jzwftpk;d &udk tmPmESiw
hf uG
&cJw
h ,f/
- wkdif;jyKjynfjyKvTwfawmfudk {NyDavmufrSm usif;yEkdifyg
vdrfhr,f/ ZGefvavmufrSm zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'a&;NyD; NAdwdoQ
"eo[m,xJrmS ae rae wkid ;f jyKjynfjyKvTwaf wmfuyJ qH;k jzwf&
r,f/
- wpfESpftwGif; vGwfvyfa&;ay;r,fqkdwJhuwd twd
tusr&ayr,fh vGwfvyfa&;aMunmzdkYudp jrefrmawG&JUvufxJ
a&mufaeNyDvYdk ajymEkid w
f ,f/
awmif;qkcd suo
f ;kH &yfv;kH &mEIe;f jynf&h &Scd o
hJ nf[k z.q.y.v
tvkyt
f rIaqmiftzGUJ rS qH;k jzwfcyhJ gonf/
yifvHknDvmcH
atmifqef;-tufwvDpmcsKyt
f & e,fjcm;a'o (awmifwef;
a'o)ta&;udk awmifwef;a'oom;rsm;udk,fwkdifu qHk;jzwf&

rnfjzpf&m jrefrmEkid if H wpfaygif;wpfpnf;wnf; vGwv
f yfa&;t&
,lEkdifa&;rSm awmifwef;a'oom;rsm;\ oabmwlnDcsuf&zdkY
txl;vdktyfvmonf/ vkdtyfcsufaMumifhyif AdkvfcsKyfatmif
qef;taeESifh jrefrmjynfwpfeHwpfvsm;eD;yg; c&D;qefYNyD; yifvHk
nDvmcHusi;f yEkid af &;twGuf vH;k yef;cJ&h jcif;jzpfonf/ onfvEdk iS hf
1947 azazmf0g&Dvqef;wGif yifvHknDvmcHBuD; pwifusif;y
Ekid cf yhJ gonf/ nDvmcHwiG f &Sr;f ? ucsif? csif;ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;
yg0ifaqG;aEG;qHk;jzwfcJhMuNyD; u&ifESifh u&ifeDukd,fpm;vS,f
rsm;url avhvmoltjzpfom wufa&mufcMhJ uonf/
azazmf0g&Dv 9 &ufaeYwGif &Srf;? ucsif? csif;udk,fpm;
vS,frsm;\ tpnf;ta0;udk oD;oefYusif;ycJhonf/ tpnf;
ta0;rSyif ]awmifwef;om;rsm; pnf;vHk;nDnGwfa&;OD;pD;tzGJU}
zGUJ pnf;Ekid af &;udk pOf;pm;qH;k jzwfcMhJ uonf/ aemufwpfaeY azazmf
0g&Dv 10 &ufaeYwGif AkdvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESihf awmifwef;a'o
udk,fpm;vS,frsm; pwifaqG;aEG;cJhMuonf/ &Srf;? ucsif? csif;?
ArmwkYd pn
kH w
D ufa&mufcMhJ uaom aqG;aEG;yGjJ zpfonf/ aqG;aEG;
yGw
J iG f awmifwef;a'oom;rsm;\ awmif;qdck surf sm;rSm uGv
J cJG suf
tcsKdU&Sdoavmuf&Sdaomfvnf; a,bk,swlnDcsufrsm;vnf;
&Sdygonf/ onfwkdYrSm 1/ atmifqef;-tufwvDpmcsKyo
f nf awmifwef;a'oom;
rsm;ESihf roufqidk [
f k rSwf,l&ef/
2/ ucsifjynfe,fxlaxmifay;&ef/
3/ bk&ifc\
H trIaqmifaumifpt
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a'oqkid &f m trIaqmifaumifp0D if(0efBuD;)wpfO;D cefYxm;&ef/
4/ awmifwef;a'oom;rsm;taeESifh jynfrArmrsm;ESifh
wef;wltcGifhta&;&&ef/
5/ jynfe,frsm;cGx
J u
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(rluGJ-jynfe,frsm; oD;jcm;rxlaxmifrD cGJxGufcGifhay;&ef)
wkdYjzpfonf/ trSefpifppf onfwkdYrSm azazmf0g&Dv 6 &uf
aeYu usif;ycJhaom &Srf;ESifh ucsifudk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ oD;jcm;
tpnf;ta0;wGif oabmwlncD MhJ uonft
h csufrsm; jzpfygonf/
tqdyk gawmif;qdck surf sm;ESiyhf wfoufNyD; Akv
d cf sKyaf tmifqef;
u ,ckvjdk yefvnf&iS ;f vif;cJo
h nf/
1/ awmifwef;a'oud,
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oabmwlnDcsufrsm;rSm if;wkdYESifhroufqkdifojzihf jyem
r[kwyf g/ (atmifqef;-tufwvDpmcsKyfuq
kd v
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2/ ucsifjynfe,fxal xmifa&;udk rlt&vufcyH gonf/
3/ bk&ifcHtrIaqmifaumifpDtpdk;&wGif awmifwef;a'o
ud,
k pf m;vS,yf g0ifEidk af &;rSm vef'efrS bk&ift
h pd;k &ESihf aqG;aEG;vQif
jzpfEidk af jc&Syd gonf/
4/ awmifwef;a'ota&;wGif rdrdwkdY0ifa&mufpGufzuf
rnfr[kwfyg/ awmifwef;a'oESifh jynfrwef;wltcGifhta&;
&ap&ygrnf/
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J u
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f u
kd cGx
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udk awmifwef;a'oom;rsm;udk,fwkdif wkdif;jyKjynfjyKvTwfawmf
wGif qH;k jzwf&efwYdk jzpfygonf/ a,bk,stm;jzihf awmif;qkcd suf
rsm;tm;vH;k vdu
k af vsmvdu
k o
f nfo
h abmyifjzpfonf/
csif;udk,fpm;vS,frsm;url csif;jynfe,f&&Sda&;xuf csif;
awmifwef;\pD;yGm;a&;? ynma&;? usef;rma&;? zGHUNzdK;a&;wdkY
pmrsufESm 33 od k Y
PERSPECTIVE
33
VOICE
The
pmrsufESm 32 jrefrmhEdkifiHa&; avhvmqef;ppfcsuf (8) 1948- 1988 rS tquf

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ESiyhf wfoufaom ol\oabmxm;[k qdEk idk yf gvdrrfh nf/ ,ckvkd
]]wpfwikd ;f jynfv;kH BuD;yGm;apcsif&if vltm;? aiGtm;? ypn;f tm;eJY
pkaygif;NyD; tifESifhtm;ESifhvkyfEkdifrS tusKd;cHpm;cGifh&&SdMurSmyJ/
ArmuwpfrsKd;? &Srf;? ucsif? csif;wkdYu wjcm; tuGJuGJtjym;jym;
vkyfaeMu&if tusKd;&SdrmS r[kwfbl;/ pkaygif;vkyfEkdifrS tusKd;&Sd
r,f .../}}
aqG;aEG;yGJtwGif; ucsifjynfe,fowfrSwfa&;ESifh ywf
oufNyD; tjiif;yGm;zG,&f m tcsKUd &Scd ahJ omfvnf; 1947 ckEpS f azazmf
0g&Dv 12 &ufaeYwGif ]yifvHkpmcsKyf}udk oabmwlvufrSwfa&;
xkd;EdkifcJhygonf/ ArmEkdifiHtpkd;&udk,fpm; AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESifh
&Srf;? ucsif? csif;ukd,fpm;vS,frsm; pkpkaygif; 23 OD;vufrSwf
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ta0;rSmyif &Sr;f ? ucsif? csif;uk,
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]awmifwef;om;rsm; nDnGwfa&;OD;pD;tzGJU}udk zGJUpnf;EkdifcJhonf/
yifvHknDvmcHrSm wdkawmif;onfhumvtwGif; wufokwf
du
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aEG;&onfh jyemwpfckrSm vGwfvyfaomjrefrmEkdifiHtaeESifh
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csKyfa&;udv
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awmif;qdo
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jcm;a&;? b@ma&;? umuG,af &; ponfwYdkukd vGwv
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wGif oH;k csufuykd if vku
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taejyefaumif;vmcJhaomfvnf; oabmxm;uGJvGJrIrsm;um;
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usif;yaeqJrSmyif aemifvGwfvyfonfh jrefrmjynfESifhywfouf
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[oFmwOD;jrwkYd vufrw
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f 29 )wGiv
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vusfmz&D;rif;pmcsKyf ay:xGufvmjyefonf/ NAdwdoQbufrS
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vufrw
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ESpfckvHk;rSm jrefrmwkdYbufrS epfemonf[k ArmjynfuGefjrLepf
ygwDu ,lqonf/ odYk widk af tmif jyif;jyif;xefxef a0zefco
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um; r&Sdyg/
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pmcsKyfxu
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nDnGwfa&;BudK;yrf;rIrsm;vnf; jyefvnf&yfwefYoGm;&avawmh
onf/ rnfoYydk ifqadk p Ek-tufwvDpmcsKyt
f & 1948 ckEpS f Zefe0g&Dv
4 &ufaeY eHeuf 4 em&D rdepf 20 wGif vGwv
f yfaomjynfaxmifpk
jrefrmEkid if aH wmftjzpf w&m;0ifaMunmEkid cf yhJ gonf/ a&G;aumufyJG
rsm;rusif;yEkid af o;rD wkid ;f jyKjynfjyKvTwaf wmfukd ,m,DygvDref
tjzpf oabmxm;NyD; ,m,Dtpdk;&udkvnf; zGJUpnf;cJhMuonf/
(Ek-tufwvDpmcsKyu
f kd aemufqufw-JG 4 wGif azmfjyxm;ygonf/)
vGwv
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tpnf;ta0;udk vGwfvyfa&;aMunmonfhxkdaeYrmS yif usif;ycJh
ygonf/ tpnf;ta0;rSmyif 0efBuD;csKyfocifEku 1947
atmufwb
kd mv 17 &ufu csKyfqkdcJhaom t*Fvdyf-ArmpmcsKyf
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34
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
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38
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wm[m qkd&S,fvpfw&m;pD&ifa&;
umvjzpfaew,f/ tJ'Dqdk&S,fvpf
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ajymvdkY&rvm;/
UHK ; tck topfay:aygufvm
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Government, Good Governance
jzpfatmifvkyfr,fvdkY ajymw,f/
jynfoal wG 'gawGjzpfvmatmif Oya'
jyKrIudpawG jynfolawGyg0ifvm
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ovJ/
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csn;f yJajymaew,f/ q&m vTwaf wmf
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pmrsufESm-39 okdY
39
VOICE
The
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{&m0wDwdkif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmf a&MunfNrdKY e,f rJqEe,ftrSwf (2)
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; *smreDEkdifiHu yg&*lbGJY
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awmhrS bmvdkYEkdifiHa&;xJ 0ifvmwm
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paumvm;&Spf (ynmoifqk)&w,f/
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- 1968 ckESpfwGif {&m0wDwdkif; ig;odkif;acsmif;NrdKU
OD;atmifMunf - a':jrifhjrifhpef;wdkYu arG;zGm;/
- 1988 ta&;tcif;wGif ig;odkif;acsmif;a'o wuf<upGm
yg0ifvIyf&Sm;/
- 1991 wGif jrefrmpmt"dujzifh bGJU&/
- 1996-2004 wGif &efukef,Ofaus;rIwuodkvfESifh
&efukefwuodkvfyifrwdkYwGif enf;jyrS vufaxmuf
uxdutxd wm0efxrf;aqmif/
- 2002-2008twGif; *smreDEkdifiH Freier University wGif
okawoevkyfaqmif&if; 2008 wGif yg&*lbGJU&&Sd/
- 2006-2008 *smreDEdkifiH bmvifNrdKU Humboldt University
ta&SUzsm;,Ofaus;rI jrefrmpmXmewGif tcsdefydkif;enf;jy/
- em*pfrkefwdkif;aMumifh aoqkH;olrsm;twGuf *smreDEkdifiHbmvifNrdKU
jrefrmoHHk;a&SUwGifjyKvkyfaom 0wfjyKqkawmif;yGJudk
wufa&muf/
- okawoeatmifjrifaomaMumifh 2008 wGif *smreDrS
jrefrmEkkdifiHokdY jyefa&mufcsdefrS tvkyfxkwfcH&aMumif;od&/
- jrefrmbmomESifh *smrefbmompum;wdkYukd oifMum;ay;vsuf
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wrf;vdkvdk ygcJhw,f/ udk,fwdkifudk,f

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awmh vkkyfygw,f/ *smreDuae jyef
vmNyD; aemufydkif;rS vkyfwmawmh
r[kwfbl;/ 2007 ta&;tcif;wkef;
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a&mufaewJh jrefrmoli,fcsif;awGeJY
aygif;NyD; vkyfjzpfw,f/
Voice
; urmYxyd w
f ef;Ekid if H wpf
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tawGUtBuKHawGu a&G;aumufyGJ0if
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wu,fvdkY a&G;aumufyGJrSm EkdifcJh&if
'DtawGYtBuKHawG? ynmawGu EkdifiH
udk b,fvdktusdK;jyKEkdifr,fxifvJ/
Dr.HMT ; *smreDrSm oifcJhwJh bm
om&yfu bmomaA'yg/ jrefrmjynf
rSmvnf; bmomaA'udkoifcJhwm
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aygh/ aemufqkH;xkwfpmtkyfawG bm
awG zwf&w,f/ 'guawmhwu
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odkYaomfvnf; tJ'DrSm&SdwJhvlawG&JY
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i,fcsif; taygif;toif;Mum;rSm
jzpfjzpf jyemwpfckckjzpfvm&if
n d E d I i f ; NyD ; rS ajz&S i f ; wwf w ,f /
aemufwpfcg olwdkY&JUpdwf"mwfaygh/
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tJ'D[mudk olwdkYuoabmusw,f/
rwlnDwJh tawG;tac:awGudk
ndEdIif;,lNyD; tJ'DtawG;tac:awGeJY
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; EkdifiHa&;qdkwm IyfaxG;
w,f? rm,mrsm;w,fvdkY wcsKdUu
jrifMuw,f/ EkkdifiHa&;rSm dk;om;zdkY
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udk,fusifhw&m;aumif;rGefrIeJY trsm;
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wefzdk;xm;wwfwJh rJqE&SifawG&JU
tqHk;tjzwfom t"duusygw,f/
rdwfaqGygwDawGuvnf; 0dkif;
0ef;ulnDaewJhtwGuf uRefawmfavh
vmcJhwJh Oya'ynmeJY tkyfcsKyfa&;?
w&m;pD&ifa&;tawGUtBuHKawGeYJ jynf
olawGudk aus;Zl;qyfcGifh&r,fvdkY ,Hk

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rSmrEdik cf &hJ if bmtpDtpOfawG&ydS govJ/
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vnf; jynfolawGudk tusKd;jyKr,fh?
jynfolYb0 tmrcHcsuf&SdwJhpepfwpf
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jynfoal wGeYJ xdawGUNyD; jynfoal wG&UJ
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; a&G;aumufwifajrmuf
cH&&if rJqEe,fu jynfov
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Dr.HMT ; &GmawGrmS olYa'otwdi
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w,f/ olwdkYu tvkyfvdkcsifw,f/
vlvwfydkif;awGuawmh olwdkYvkyf
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awGu wtm;d;k om;wmud;k / wtm;
kd;awmh wtm;aMumufw,f/ tJ'D
udpvkyfay;&r,f/
atmifjrifhrkd&f
Dr.HMT
pmrsufESm-38 ]]Oya'ukdav;pm;&if w&m;rQwwJha&G;aumufyJGjzpfrSmyg}} rStquf

uRefawmfhtaeeJYawmh w&m;Oya'
pdk;rdk;zdkYeJY w&m;pD&ifa&;r@dKifcdkifrm
zdkY t"duxm;aqmif&Gufvdkygw,f/
Voice ; usi;f yNyD;pD;oGm;cJw
h hJ 2010
a&G ; aumuf y G J B uD ; wpf c k v H k ; ay:ud k
q&m bmrsm;rSwcf suaf y;csiyf govJ/
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pepfopfwpfcu
k akd jymif;apr,f?h acwf
wpfacwfudk ajymif;apr,fh ta&GU
wpfcjk zpfygw,f/ trsK;d om;'Dru
kd a&pD
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'Drdkua&pDvrf;aMumif;trSefvdkY cH,l
NyD; 2010 a&G;aumufyGJudk 0ifcJhwm
jzpfygw,f/ 2010 a&G;aumufyGJ rrQ
wbl;qdkwJh jyemawGeJY ywfouf
vdYk 2012 ckEpS f Mum;jzwfa&G;aumufyJG
udk w&m;rQwatmifaqmif&GufzdkY jy
nfaxmifpka&G;aumufyGJaumfr&Sifu
BuD;Muyfvrf;Terf aI wG aqmif&u
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vTwaf wmfu,
kd pf m;vS,af vmif; &SpOf ;D
awmif&Sdw,f/ tiftm;BuD;wJhygwD
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yGJrSm r[matmifajrNrdKUe,frSm jynf
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40
The
VOICE
Mo&otcGifUta&; r&xdkufaomaMumifU
atmifEkdif(vufyHwef;)
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41
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47
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The
48
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Vol.8 / No.15
SUPPLEMENT
VOICE
Weekly
49
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POLITICS
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VOICE

Monday, March 26 - April 1 , 2012

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Monday, March 26 - April 1 , 2012

THE VOICE WEEKLY 3

Vol.8 / No.15 - March 26 - April 1 , 2012

Monday, March 26 - April 1 , 2012

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VOICE OF THE WEEK

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