You are on page 1of 70

1

(1

(2

(3 "

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.




" /











(4
(5

:
.1 "1967 -
.2 /
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7 " ) (
.8
.9
.10 ,
.11
.12

9
11
12
15
21
27
31
33
41
46
49
57
67
70

) (
(1


, " "
.
" :
" ." " .
" . " " " " "
".
" . " .
. (1)20 ") 1940
"(.
" . " , ," .1959
. " " ) (,
" .1982
. " .

" .

, ,
. ,

, .
" , , ".
, " , , "
, ,
:
. .
. .
. .
" " "
,
,
, , ,
.
" " , " .

/ ,
.

/
.

)- , , ,
( ) (
, "
10-30% .

, ") 1967 - ,(1


, 12 .
,
.

"" " -
, .

,
.

/ "
.

" : ,
.

" " .1998

(2
2.1 ,
: , .
2.2
, .

(3 "

.

,
.
) .(2
.


.1 " " .
.2 "
.
.3 "
.


.1 "
. : , ,
, , .
.2 ,
.


.1 .
.2 ,
.
.3 .
.4 " ,
.
.5 .

"/
.1 ".
.2 ,
.
.3 .


.1 - 170 , 3- ) 500-
3-( . , , .
.
.2 - 3.

.3- ":
( ) (.
( .
:
.
.4:
( ) , ,
, ,(.
( , : ,
, , ," , , .
.5 - ,
' " " ) .(3
4 - . " ,
.
.6 - ,
10- ) (.
, 3 -.
.7 -. , 3
.
.

" )
" , (.

" ".
: ,
.
.

)
(.

.
, .

.
.

, "
"" ) .(4

, ,
.
.

.
, .
,
)"(
.
" " .

) " "( .
.

,
.

" / /
" " , .

"/
) .(5

/
.

" , 3
.

/ .

,
.

, , .

,
. , :
, , , , ,.

.
, ,
.

, " , " ) .(6



.

" " , ) .(7

/ / , ,
,
.

" , ,
/ ,' , / /.

, ,
. ,
, , ,
:
(1
(1 / /.
(2 .
(3
: , '.
(4
.
(5 :
-

- .

/ -
, .

(6 .
3-.
(7 .
(2
(1 .
(2 .
(3 .
(4 , .

(5
, , '.
(6 , , ,
) (PARAPAC "
. '' .
(7 ,
/ /.
(3
(1 / 24 .
.
(2
/.
(3
/.
(4 .
(5 "
.".....
(4
"
.
(5
(1
.
(2 ,
.
(3 , :
, , , ' ,
.
.
: .
.
.
.
.
.
, ,
) .( 8

.
,
, " . ,
.9
.


. ,
, : ,
, , , ) .(10
: ) / ( :
-

/ ) (.

) , ,
- (.

- .

) ( )
( ) .(11

(4
.

.1 , ".
.2 ,
.
.3
, " /
" ".
.4
" .
.


.1 ".
.2 /
".
.3 " ,
.

.

10

.1
3-.
.2
" , " , " ) (
.
.3
" .
. : ,
.
.4
) (12 : ,
" , ,
, " , , ,
, , , " ".
.5
(1
, .
(2 .
(3
.
(4 .
(5 30 .
(6 ".

11

(5
(1 ".1967 -
(2 / .
(3 .
(4 .
(5 .
(6 .
(7 " ) (.
(8 .
(9 .
(10 , .
(11 .
(12 .

12

"1967 -

13

"1967 -

" .1 " - , ,
, , ,"

,
, , ,
; .


.2 - , , -
:
. - 16- 65 .
. - 16- 60 .
.3
.
.4
, .
.5 , , ,
, , , , , ,
, ,
, ,
, , .
.6 , ,
, , ,
, , .
.7 ,
, , ,
.
, .


.8 ,
,
".1948 -
.9
.29

14

.10
- , , .
.11 ," ,1951-
, . , , .
.12
.


.13 26 ,
, ,
- , ,
.
.14
, , , .
" ".
.15 ,
21 . ,
.
.16 17
. " ".
.17 , ) ( ,

.
.18 -
.
.19
, - , -
.

15

16

/ - 11.3.09-
, , ",
, .
' .

"

""
.1

.
.2
.


.1 :
(1 .
(2
.
(3


.1 /
.
.2
.
.3
.

.3
.

(4 " .

.4

.4

(5 /

,
,
.

.5

.
(6 .
(7
".
.2 :
(1 .

.5



.

17

"

""

(2
"" , .
.3 :
(1 ".
(2
.
(3 .
(4 , ,
.

) (1

/

.

.1
'.
.2 .


.6

.

18

"

""

.1
.
.2 .
.3 :
(1

(2

)(1

.1


.

.

.1


) (.

:
(1
)
,
(.
(2
.

.2

/ ,
.

.1
,
,

.

19

"



-
/
,
"

""
.1 "
" ,
/
".
.2


.1
.
.2 )
"":
(1


)
"(.

(2

12 )


.
.3

.

, (,
"" ,
.

.4
.
.5
.

(3

)
""(.

(4


) (.

.3 :
(1

,
"" .

(2

(3


.1
,
. ,

) , (.
.2
) , (.
.3 ,
.
.4 ,
.

20

"



"

""
.1
.


.1
.
.2 :
(1

)
""(

(2


,
" .

21

22

" -
' -
2007

' 3.023 :


.1
1.1 .
.
1.2 /
. ,
1 , . ,
:
. 40 - .
. 50 .
1.3 .
.2:
- .
.3
.1
1 ' -'.
. / ) ( .
. / .
, " " .
) , .(...
" " )""(,
- , , ,
, , /
, .
3 ,2 , "
".
2 . 2 1
3 . 4 3

23

" -
' -
2007

' 3.023 :

1

.

/
) , , '(...
) (
/'


//

:/ /**

/ / /
)//(

/
/ /




/ / '.

/ //


)(

)(

450"

1800"

2-3
200

6-8
200
50

240"
10

30
240"
30
40

250 ) (

400

80
120

160
240
120
60
80
250
90

125

250

25

60 )(

200 )(
100 )(
100 )(
200 )(

200 )(
100 )(
300 )(
200 )(
200 )(

30
30
250

24

" -
' -

' 3.023 :

2007

// /
-
'

** .

40

80

50"
25
30
100

100"
60
60
200

30

80

40



12
8

80



24
16

15

30

25

" -
' -

' 3.023 :

2007

2
2 - 1

)//(

/ / /

/'
/ /

,

, ,
/*
/ / / *
// / / *

/*
*
,

, ,
)//(
/ / /

) 1(; / / /

/'

,
* ".
- / ' .

26

" -
' -
2007

' 3.023 :

3
4 - 3

)//(
4 / ) 1(

/ / /


/
-
: /
,


, ,

)/( /
/ / /
)( // /
/

,

// / ) 3( ) 1(
, ,

)//(
/ / /
4 / ) 1(
)( // /

/ / /
/
/
,

/ ' .

27

28

:
"
2005

' :

28 70

':
:
)04/15104 - 01/(

4

.1 :
.1.1 / .

.2:
.2.1" "
) (1992 :" ,
.

.3 :
.3.1 6 16.
.3.2 24 .
.3.3 .
.3.4
. .
.3.5
/
"
.

29

:
"
2005

' :

':
:
)04/15104 - 01/(

2 70

.3.6 30 -:

"
" *

" *
"

6
24 **

24
4

4 5

5 10

10 16 1

3


14

* 50%
.
** ,
".
.3.7
.3.7.1 - )" "( ,
" " ,3.6
" ' " "
.
.3.7.2" " ),
" ,(.
.3.7.3 2 ,
" " " " .
".
.3.8
.3.8.1 .
.3.8.2 , .

30

:
"
2005

' :

3 70

':
:
)04/15104 - 01/(

.3.9
.3.9.1
" .
.3.9.2
.
.3.9.3
.
.3.9.4 -
,
.
.3.9.5 ,

.

.4 :
.4.1 :
" , / )(
,
/ , " "
.
.4.2 :
" ,
, ," .

31

32

- :

9 ,
.
9 .
9
.

9 , .
9 .

9
.
9 ) (.

9 .
9
100-60 ) (.
9 5" .

9 .
9 , ,'.
9 ) ( 4" )
( .

.1 50" 40" ) (PP 30 )
(.
.2 100 ) 0.1"(.
.3" 3 8 -" )
(.
.4 : , 100-60
) ( 20 -" .

33

34

6


:

19660-

'30.007 :
'1 :
34 70
- 2005 :
1.021 1998

.
.1
.
.2 ,
.
.3 .

.
, ,
.

.
.1 ,,
.
.2 .
//.
.3" " " .

.
.1 //.
.2 ,
, "
.
.3 .
.4" .
.5 " .

.
.1 .
.2 //
.

35

.3 .

.
.4 // , ,
,
.
.5 , , ,'
//.
.6 ,
/ .

.
.1 , ,
.
, , ,
:
(


(1 , //.
(2 .
(3

: , '.
(4
.
(5 :
. . / , .
(6 .
3-.
(7 .

.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
.4 , .

36

.5
, , '.
.6 , , "
.
.7 , , ,,
) (PARAPAC .

.8 ,
//.

(1 / 24 .
.
(2
/.
(3
/.
(4 .
(5

" ."...


" .


(1
.
(2 ,
.
(3 , :
, , , ' ,
.

.
(1
(2
(3
(4

/ .
.

.
.

37


) , ,( /// ,
:
. /
(1
(2
(3
(4

/.
.
/ , ,
.
" .

/// ,
) , , , ,
'(.
(5 ":
( .
( .
(


) ( , , ,
. .

( '
.
(6
(7
(8
(9
(10

( .

, .
.
.
.
" .

".
. /
(1 ," .
(2 .
(3 ,
' ___________ , "
.
(4 ,
: , .
(5 " .
(6 .
(7 .

38

.
(1

/ .
.

(2

(3

,
, '.

(4

(5

(6

:
( .
( " ) (.
( .
( .
( .

(7

" " )/(.

.
(1

/ .

(2


" ".

(3

,
, , .

(4

/ .

(5

:
. / , ,
, .
. , , ,
, .
. / .

(6

") . /" "/"(

. /"
)
(1
," " , ,",( ,
.
(2
/" , ,,
(3
(4

, , .
.
"
, .

39


.1 , .
.2 / __________
:
) , '(

) , , '(
.3 .
.4 .
.5 .
.6 .

!
.

!
.

40


.1 ,
.
.2 :
. .
. 24 ),
'(.
. ,
24.
. , , , ,
.
. .
.

. .
. .
. .
.

,
.

.3 , .

41

"
) (

42

7
" ) (
.

:
.1

" ,
,
" .

.2



10-30%
.

.3

.4

" " )
, '(
.

:
.
, "
, .
:
.
.1
.
.

:
.1 , , ,.
) , , ,
, (.
.2 , / .

:
.1 ' '
) (.
.2 ) / ( ) .

(.
.3 , ,/ "
" .
.4 , , '
' ) ( , .

43

' .5 ' :
- : , , ,
) . , , ( , ) :
, '( , /
) : , , , /
'( , ) : , , /
,' (.
: ) (,
) , , ,'( ,
/ , )
(.
.6 .
.

:
.1 ) ,
, ( .
.2 " . "

" .
:
.1 .
.2 / / /
.

.3 : / .
/:

, / ,
,:
.1 : / ) ,,
'( .
.
.2 ) ,
, ( : /
.
:
.1
" "
/ , .
.2 , .
.3 / "
.
/ . /
.

44

.4 :
.
.5 " " ,
:

45


:
.1 .
.2 .
.3 , ) . , , ,(.
.4 ) : , '(.
.5 .
.6 ) : , , / ,'(.
:
.1 ) ( .
.2' ) (.
.3 ) , , ,'( , .
.4 /.
.5 ) (.
:
.1 .
.2 .
.3.
.4 .
:
.1 .
.2 ) (.
) : (
.1 .
.2.
.3.
/

46

47

8

, ,
.
,
) , ,
(.
, , , ,
, .
.
" " .

, ,
:
3- :
(1 -, )-"( '
" 26/2009 ."2009-2010
(2 -, -, ".
(3 -, .
.

, ,
- , )" (, )=
(.

, ,
, "

.

, ,"
,
.

/ )"(
)" (
.

48

" "" , "" , "",


"" , "" , " -
" , . , ,
.

:
/ .
) , , '(.
" ".

, , .
.

"
" " ] [".

, " 24 , ,
, )-
(.

* 2009 ' ' " -


." 2007-

49

50

9

,
, " .

.1
.1.1

.1.2
.1.3

.
, , ,
. ) ( .
. , -
.
: , , , ,,
. , ,
, .
,
: , , ,
, , , .
.
.
,
. , ,
, .
" " .
, , .
:
.
, ,
" , , ," , ,
.
.
, , )" "(
.

. , .
" .

.1.4
.1.5
.1.6
.1.7
.1.8
.1.9
.1.10
.1.11
.1.12
.1.13
.1.14

.2

. :
. ) :(structural ,
. , ,
. ,
, .
. ) :(non structural , ,
, , ,
. , ) ,
, ,( , , , ,
, , , , , .
.

51

. ) :(lifelines
. .
:
: , ) (,
, '.
: , , , .
:
, '.
: , ,
, , ,",
, ," , .
" .
"
" ) 2 , ,
. ,2004" ( ." .

:
o , .
o
o , , .

.3
.1 /
) " (
:
1.1 ,
)( . ,
) , ,
, '( .
1.2 ,
.
1.3 .
1.4 .

.2
2.1
.
.
2.2 . ,
// .
2.3 .
2.4 ,
)""( " .

52

.3
3.1 /
. )
( " .
3.2 , .
3.3 , , :
, , .
3.4 " ,
,
.
3.5 .
3.6 / ,
.
3.7 .
3.8 ,
.
3.9

, .

.4 " ,

9 ,
.
9
. " ,
.
, .


9 , ,
.

.5
.1
1.1 " " ".
1.2 .
.

.2
2.1 .
.
2.2 -.
2.3 .

53

2.4
.
2.5 12 12 .
.

.6
.1 .
.2 .
.3 , , .

.7
.1 " .
.2
.
.3 , " .

.8
.1
1.1 . ,
.

2.1
:
. .

.9 ,
.1
1.1 ,
.
1.2 " )
( " .
1.3 ,
, , ," ".

.2
2.1 ,
.
2.2 ) ,",
(.
2.3 , ,
" .

54

2.4 , ,"
. :
" ) (.
2.5 , " , , ,
)" " (.
2.6 ,
) , (.

.3 "
3.1 :
. " .
) ( " "
.
. , ,"
) , ( .
, )
(.
. "
".
3.2 " :
. .
, .
. ,
" .
3.3 :
. .
. ,
." .
. / ,
/ .
, , .
3.4 :
. .
.
.
. )
(.
. ,
) , ," , , (
.

55

.10 ,
.1
1.1 ,
.
1.2
. , .

.2
2.1 :
" .
2.2 " .
2.3
.
2.4"
" ".

.11 "
.1 .
:
. ,
) " / (.
. ,
.
. .
.
.
. )"( "
.
. )(
.
. /.
.
" .
. .
.
) ," ," , (.
. , .

56

57

10

58

10
: ,

:
2000

' :

:
2009

1 10

':

:
15378808

.1
1.2
.
1.3 , ) (
,
.
1.4 .
1.5 ,
: ,
, , , ,"
.
1.6 ".
.2 :

/
.
.3 :
3.2 /.
3.3 , .
3.4 .
3.5 / .
3.6 / ".
3.7 .
3.8 , .
.4 :
4.1 .
4.2 , .
4.3 .
4.4 , .
4.5 )- ( , .
4.6

59

.5 :
,
.
.6 :
6.1 .
6.2 .
6.3 .
.7:
7.1 :
:

)

(

.



.




" .

/



.

.



, "



,

.
,
,


."
, /

.

.8 :
:
,
.
, ) (
" ,
)" (.
8.1 :
," ,
. .

60

:
8.1.1
8.1.2
8.1.3

8.1.4
8.1.5
8.1.6
8.1.7
8.1.8
8.1.9
8.1.10
8.1.11
8.1.12
8.1.13
8.1.14
8.1.15
8.1.16
8.1.17

,
,
) ' .( 1
,
/ ,
. ,
.

) , ' .(2
.
" .
/ .
) ' .(3
)
, .( 11.1.3
" ,
" .
)
(.
'
' .10
" " ) ,
( .
.
/
.
,
.
) / (
.

.9 :
9.1 , ,
) , , (.
9.2 / /
. , ,
, ) ,( , .
9.3 ' '
, , .
9.4 .
9.5 ' '
" .

61

9.6
.
9.7 ) ' .(4
9.8 ,
.
9.9 .
.10 :
10.1 .
10.2 "
, .
10.3
.
10.4 , , .
.11 :
11.1 ) /
( :
11.1.1 / ' ) 4 (.
11.1.2 ) ,
, - (.
11.2 -
.
11.3 ) (
' .5
.12 :
12.1 / ) ( :
12.1.1 /
' . 5
12.1.2 / " / .
12.1.3
/ .
12.1.4 ,
, .
12.1.5 ,
.
12.2.6 .
12.2.7 )
' (1

62

.13 :
13.1
.
13.2 /
.
13.3 .
13.4 .
13.5 ) , '(.
13.6 .
.14 :
, / " "
" " ,
.
.15 :
15.1
.
15.2 .

-1 ,
.
' -2 .
' -3 ,
) (.
-4 - .
-5 ,
-
) (.

63

-1
,
.
. .

' 2


o ) , (.
o .
o , ) , , (.
o /.
:
o
o .
o
o.
o , .
o ) // (
:
o .
o ) (.

64

' -3
-
,

___________ :


_________________ ' ______________
' ______________
:

" - _________________________ :

____________________
__________________
' ' __________________ :' _________________
' , ___________ :
_____________ :___________ :
:



)
(


________________________
' _______________ :
' ________________ :
' ________________ :

65

' 4

-
.

- = /" -

* ) / ( , 03-6061740 :


"?

- X

66

' 5 , -


,
________________ : ______________ :
. ________________ :. : /

________________ :

/ __________________ :____________ :
/ _________________ :
.1 : . . .
.2 __________________________________ :
: ' 3
.3 ? .1

.2

.4 ," ____________________________ :
.5 _______________ :
.6 :
.
. ," ) ,(
.
. _____________________________
.7 ? .1 .2 ,_________________ :
: ' 8
.8 :
. .___________________________________________ :
. .____________________________________________ :
. / .

__________________________ :
_____________________________ :

67

11

68

11

" , " , :
.
(1
/ .
(2
3- .
(3
) : , , , , (.
(4
) ( : / / '
(5
/ .
(6
.
(7

' ' ) (________________:


) (
.1 :
____________ ____________ _________ ' .___________.
.2 : , ?
/ _______________ __________________________
? / /-
, :
: / _______________ _____________ ______
.3
:1 ____________ ____________ __________
' ________________
:2 ___________ _____________ _________
' ________________
) / '( ?) ( /

/ /' ? ) (

.4 ) (



"


?
/


?
/

69

.5 ) (

. / ' ? /
. .
. )*- (:
?
?
.6 ) (

? /
? / .
? /
) '( /.

.7 ) (

? ) (:
/ /
'' )= ( /
- ''


? :
/ : : / / - _______________

* / ,
.

_______________

_____________

_____________________

_____________

__________________

70

12


.

You might also like