Biology 413

Mid Term Exam Review 2008-2009

Practice explaining processes and relationships of terms and topics. Study all drawings, laboratory exercises and
examples from class. These basic questions are likely to find their way onto the exam…….ENJOY. Bring this study
guide and all answered questions recorded on a separate sheet of lined paper to the review session and the EXAM
and you will receive up to 10 BONUS POINTS on the exam.

Chapter 1 The Science of Biology

Review Chapter Section Reviews Questions and the Chapter Review questions for this chapter.

1. What is Biology?
2. Convert metric units- 17 km = ____ dm; 4.5 cg = _____ hg
3. Scientific method: describe-problem, background information, hypothesis, conclusion, variable,
control
4. What is the difference between theory and hypothesis?
5. What are the 5 characteristics of all living things?

Chapter 2 Introduction to Chemistry

Review Chapter Section Reviews Questions and the Chapter Review questions for this chapter.

1. Compare and contrast the terms atom, element and compound.

2. Be able to determine protons, neutrons and electrons from periodic table.
3. What is dissociation?
4. What does pH measure?
5. How is pH measured?
6. Why is pH important to living things and the environment?
7. Compare and contrast acids and bases, be able to provide examples of each.
8. Why is carbon such a unique element?
9. What is a polymer? What is a monomer?
10. What are the structure, characteristics and role of carbohydrates?
11. Explain the differences between single, double and poly sugars.
12. What are the structures, characteristics and role of the three main types of lipids?
13. What are the structures, characteristics and role of proteins?
14. What is the structure, characteristics and role of nucleic acids?
15. Explain the role of catalysts and enzymes in chemical reactions.
16. What is a chemical test to detect monosaccharide’s?
17. What is a chemical test to identify polysaccharides?
18. What is a chemical test to identify proteins?
19. What is a test to detect lipids?
20. What are the monomer units of carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids?
21. What are the parts of a phospholipid?
22. Which macromolecules help form the phospholipid bi-layer?
23. What feature of fats causes them to be saturated and unsaturated?
 On the following scale, label; strong acid, weak acid, neutral, strong base, weak base.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Place the appropriate symbol in the circles below.

Greater than (>), Less than (<), Equal to (=)

ACID BASE NEUTRAL

H OH H OH H OH

Complete the table

Macromolecule Monomers Function Example

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

• Nucleic Acid

• Fat

Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function

Review Chapter Section Reviews Questions and the Chapter Review questions for this chapter.

1. Know the parts of the compound light microscope.

2. Be able to explain compound light microscope usage techniques.
3. Know the three tenets of the cell theory.
4. Explain and be able to draw the structure of the cell membrane. (include phospholipids, protein
channels and carbohydrate chains)
5. Explain the function of the cell membrane.
6. Be able to compare the structure and function of the cell membrane to a cell wall.
7. Compare and contrast the terms diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis and active transport. Be
able to draw diagrams of each process.
8. Be able to explain the concept observed in the Osmosis Elodea Lab.
9. What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
10. Know all the functions and locations of the cell organelles including the parts of the nucleus.
• Nucleus Lysosome
• Cell Membrane Cytoplasm
• Nuclear membrane Ribosome
• Chromosome Mitochondria
• Vacuole Centrioles
• Chloroplasts Cell Wall
• Nucleolus ER
• Golgi Apparatus

Be able to label a cell diagram!

11. Review the Plant and Animal Cell comparison lab.
12. Review where the four major macromolecules can be found in the various cell parts.

Chapter 4 Energy and the Cell

Review Chapter Section Reviews Questions and the Chapter Review questions for this chapter.

1. What is ATP and why is it so important?

2. What is the process of cellular respiration? know the reactants and products.
3. What is photosynthesis?
4. What are the chemical equations for each process?
5. Know the role of and be able to compare autotrophs, heterotrophs and decomposers.
6. Be able to compare brown food webs and green food webs.
7. Compare and contrast producers, consumers and decomposers.
8. Be able to draw the energy cycle.