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3 3
0
) (
lim ) ( ' f
+
=
( ) ( )
x
x x x x x x x
x
3 3 2 2 3
0
3 3
lim
+ + +
=
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
0
3 3 lim x x x x
x
+ + =
2
3x = (shown)
____________________________________________
2. [2007/MJC/I/9]
___________________________________________
Differentiation of Standard Functions
3(a) ( ) x x x x x
x
sin cos sin
d
d
+ =
(b) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 tan 2 sec 2 sec 3 2 sec
d
d
2 3
= x x x x
x
( ) ( ) x x 2 tan 2 3 sec 6
2
=
(c) ( ) ( ) x x x x
x
2 1
2
1
1 cos 1 sin
d
d
2
1
2 2 2
+ + = |
\
|
+
1
1 cos
2
2
+
+
=
x
x x
____________________________________________
Differentiation of Exponential and Logarithmic
Functions
4(a) ( )
|
|
\
|
=
10 log
5 log
d
d
5 log
d
d
10
e
e
x
x
x
x
x
e
e
x
x
x
x
x
10
10
10
log
log
10 log
1
or
10 ln
1
5
5
10 ln
1
10 ln
5 ln
d
d
= =
|
\
|
=
|
\
|
=
(b) ( )
( ) ( )
x
x x
x
x
cos 1
sin cos 1
2
1
cos 1 ln
d
d
2
1
+
+
= +
( ) x
x
cos 1 2
sin
+
=
(c) ( )( ) [ ] ( ) 3 2 ln
d
d
2 3
+ + x x
x
( )( ) ( )( )
( )( ) 3 2
3 3 2 2
2 3
2 2 3
+ +
+ + +
=
x x
x x x x
( )
( )( )
( )
( )( ) 3 2
4 9 5
3 2
9 3 4 2
2 3
3
2 3
3 3
+ +
+ +
=
+ +
+ + +
=
x x
x x x
x x
x x x x
____________________________________________
Implicit Differentiation
5. xy x y = + cos sin
( )
x y
x y
x
y
x y x y
x
y
y
x
y
x x
x
y
y
+
=
+ =
+ =
cos
sin
d
d
sin cos
d
d
d
d
sin
d
d
cos
____________________________________________
Logarithmic Differentiation
6 Let
x
x y =
( )
(shown)
2
ln 2
d
d
ln
2
1 1
d
d 1
2
1
ln
d
d 1
ln ln
2
1
|
|
\
| +
=
+ = |
\
|
+ = |
\
|
=
x
x
x
x
y
x
x x
x
y
y
x x
x
x
x
y
y
x x y
x
____________________________________________
( ) x y ' f =
y
O 2a
4a
x
Page 2 of 2
Differentiation of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
7. [2010/CJC Promo/1/5]
1 tan
2 1
=
x y
(
(
+
=
) 2 ( ) 1 (
2
1
) 1 1 (
1
d
d
2
1
2
2
x x
x x
y
1
1
2
=
x x
___________________________________________
Parametric Differentiation
8. [2008/TJC/Promo/5i]
2
1
1
t
x
+
= 1
3
+ = t y
( ) ( ) t t
t
x
2 1
2
1
d
d
2
3
2
+ =
2
3
d
d
t
t
y
=
( )
2
3
2
1 t
t
+
=
( )
( )
2
3 2
3
2
2
2
1 3
1
3
d
d
d
d
d
d
t t
t
t
t
x
t
t
y
x
y
+ =
+
= =