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l. Perform shoulder abduction and describe the movement of
humeral head on the glenoid fossa during abduction of the
humerus at the shoulder.
2. Using an articulated skeleton, examine the relationship of the
greater tuberosity and the acromion during abduction without
rotation of the humerus at the shoulder. What occurs with
this relationship if the humerus is medially rotated during
abduction? Laterall rotated?
3. Reverse action is typically the moving of the origin toward
the insertion. That means that the insertion be comes the
stable point. This is so even when the origin is on the trunk
and the insertion is on the humerus or scapula. To
demonstrate, either you or your partner perform the reverse
actions of the following muscles:
a. Latissimus dorsi
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b. Lower trapezius
c. Pectoralis major, lower fibers
4. Examine the scapulohumeral rhythm of your partner and
decide at what point in the active range of abduction of the
humerus at the shoulder the scapula first begins upward
rotation. Record the goniometric value of humeral elevation
at that point. Have your partner repeat this process with you.
Compare the two values. How similar or different were the
values? How do they compare to standard values you have
found in texts for the point at which the scapula begins to
move?
5. For the arm to move accurately in space, it must work from
a stable base, in this case a stable scapula. List the muscles
that stabilize the scapula on the thorax.
6. Make a list of the muscles whose lines of pull could each
produce an inferior glide of the head of the humerus on the
surface of the glenoid fossa. Which of these muscles actively
participate with the humeral elevators during elevation of the
hand above the head?
7. Which of the scapular stabilizers can perform upward rotation
of the scapula?
3
S. Describe the two force couples of the shoulder girdle that
assist in elevation of the upper extremity above the head.
Give the muscles involved in each and the function
accomplished by each force couple.
J.4.8.-9.
Perry JF, Rohe DA, and Garcia AO. The kinesiology workshop.
2
nd
. FA David. Philadelphia, USA. l992.
4