Jones,ChristineKenyon,andAnnaSnaith.""TiltingatUniversities":WoolfatKing'sCollege London."WoolfStudiesAnnual.Volume16.London:PaceUP,2010.144. 1.Shereadwidelyaboutthehistoricalexclusionofwomenfromhighereducation,thesocialreformers whofoughtforwomen'shighereducation,andtheprejudicesthatpersistedevenaftercollegesopened theirdoorstowomen. [Ref:Silver,VirginiaWoolf'sReadingNotebooks] 2.HernovelsarefulloffemalecharactersClarissaDalloway,Mrs.Ramsay,EleanorPartigerlamenting theinsecurityandconstraintbredbytheirlackofeducation.Itwasnotenoughthatwomen'scollegessuch asNewnhamatCambridge,SomervilleatOxford,orBedfordinLondonsimplyexistedWoolf'swriting continuallyquestionsthenature,aimsandmethodsofeducationitself. 3.Particularlyduringthe1930sasshewaswritingTheYearsandThreeGuineassheconsideredthe psychologicaleffectsoftheinequitiesbetweenmaleandfemaleeducation.Her1937novelisfullof evidenceoftheuntoldemotionaldivisionsbetweensiblingscausedbytheamountofmoneyandtimespent oneducatingboysasopposedtogirls.

[TheSchools'InquiryCommissionin186768reportedthat, althoughmiddleclassgirlsmightbesenttoboardingschoolbetweentheagesof12or13and17,and mightattend"finishing"school,theaimsofthiskindofeducationweresocial,notacademic.(Dyhouse 1981:41)] 4.AsresearchforTheYearsshereadandcollectedquotationsfromscoresofmemoirsandbiographies aboutVictorianeducationandattemptstoreformtheprovisionforgirlsandwomen. 5.Inthisperiodtoo,shewasforever"tiltingatuniversities,"arguinginparticularthatthetootsofimperial andpatriarchalviolencelayinthetrainingboysreceivedatpublicschoolandOxbridge(D479).Inthe notestoThreeGuineasshearguesthat psychologicallyeminenceuponaplatformencouragesvanityandthedesretoimposeauthority. Further,thereductionofEnglishliteraturetoanexaminationsubjectmustbeviewedwithsuspicion byallwho[...]wishtokeepatleastoneartatleastoutofthehandsofmiddlemenandfree,as longasmaybe,fromallassociationwithcompetitionandmoneymaking(TG379). 6.GiventheprevalenceofquestionsofgenderandpedagogyinWoolf'sownwritingitiscuriousthather ownformaleducationhasreceivedrelativelylittleattention.RecentlyexaminedrecordsinKings ArchivesrevealthatWoolfhadmuchmorefirsthandexperienceofwomenshighereducation thaneithersheorherbiographershaveacknowledged. 7.HerextendedstudiesatKing'sCollegeLadies'Departmentbroughtherintodirectcontactwithsomeof [2]theearlyreformersofwomen'seducationsuchasClaraPater,GeorgeWarrandLilianFaithfull. 8.Thisarticlewill[...]reproduceenrolmentlists,syllabi,(coursereadinglists)andexaminationpasslists relatingtoVirginiaandhersisterVanessa'sstudies[...]between1897and1901[...]alsoplacethose studiesintheirinstitutionalcontext[...]linkaspectsoftheethosandenvironmentofKing'sLadies' DepartmenttoWoolf'slaterwritings.Theabsenceofreferencestoherearlyeducationinhersubsequent writingcareer[...]thisimportantarchivalmaterialhasgoneunnoticed[...]theimpactofherstudieson herlatertheoriesofeducationhasnotbeenexplored[...]relativelyundocumentedportionofherlife. 9.TheimpressiongivenbyWoolfsbiographers,andindeedbyWoolfherself,isthatshewasalmost entirelyselfeducated.ThoughtheappendedchronologyinQuentinBell'sbiographyofWoolfdoeslist attendanceatKing'sCollegeinNovember1897(GreekandHistory),January1898(GreekwithDr. Warre[sic]),October1898(LatinwithMissPaterandGreekwithDr.Warre[sic]andOctober1900

(Bell1912).Inthebiographyitself,however,herattendanceatKing'sisnotmentioned,justherprivate tuitionwithClaraPater.WhenBelloutlinesatypicaldayintheStephenhouseholdhedepictsVanessa cyclingofftoherartclassesatMr.Cope'sSchool,andVirginialeftaloneinthenurseryatthetopofthe housereadingGreek(Bell68and73).In1972,Bellthussetsthenarrativeinplacewhichwillbe perpetuatedbyfuturebiographers. 10.Followingthepublicationoftheearlyjournalsandletters,biographersmentionWoolf'sattendanceat King'sCollegeLondonbutonlyinthebriefestterms. [AccountsbyJeanO.Love,PhyllisRose(1978),JohnMephamandJamesKing,PantheaReid, LyndallGordon'stheOxfordDictionaryofNationalBiographyentry,andHermioneLee'sbiographyall eithersaysimplythatshewaseducatedathome,orthatshesporadicallyattendedafewlectures,andhad privatetuitionwithJanetCaseand/orClaraPaterthosewhosaysheattendedlecturessaysheneversat theexams.] 11.Virginiaherselfpresentsasimilarimpressionofherownlackofformaleducation,writig,for example,toherbrotherThobyin1903: Idontgetanybodytoarguewithmenow,andfeelthewant.Ihavetodelvefrombooks, painfullyandallalone,whatyougeteveryeveningsittingoveryourfireandsmoking yourpipewithStracheyetc.Nowondermyknowledgeisbutscant.Theresnothinglike talkasaneducatorI'msure.(L177)