The University Of Asia Pacific

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

ECE 202
Experiment No: 05
Name of the Experiment : Stuy of !"P"! Common Emitter Transistor#
Objective: To etermine the input an the output characteristics of an !"P"! transistor
in Common Emitter $CE% configuration#

Theory:
Transistor has t&o p"n 'unctions( one is ca))e the emitter 'unction an other is ca))e the
co))ector 'unction# *hen transistor is use as an amp)ifier( it is operate in active moe#
+n active moe( emitter 'unction is for&ar ,iase an co))ector 'unction is reverse
,iase#
Figure: 1
Emitter current is given ,y( +
E
- +
.
/ +
C
- 0$1/%23 +
C
*here( - +
C
2 +
.
is ca))e common emitter gain#
+n goo transistor +
C
44+
.
i#e( 441# +
C
can a)so ,e e5presse as +
C
- +
.

&here( - 2$1/%# is ca))e common ,ase current gain# 6or goo transistor( is c)ose
to unity#
Proper c ,iasing of a transistor is a prere7uisite for proper operation as an amp)ifier# The
purpose of the ,iasing is to fi5 the +
C
$c% an 8
CE
$c%# .ut +
C
is a function of temperature(
8
.E
an # +t is esira,)e to esign a ,iasing circuit &here +
C
is insensitive to change in
#
*hen E". 'unction is for&ar ,iase an C". 'unction is reverse ,iase( the transistor
operates in active moe# 6or saturation moe of operation( ,oth 'unction are for&ar"
,iase# Cut"off region operation re7uires that ,oth E". an C". 'unctions ,e reverse
,iase# The inverte active operation occurs &hen E". is reverse ,iase an C". is
for&ar ,iase#


Equipments:
n"p"n transistor $c92:% one piece
;eesistor $2<( 1<( 500 ( 100 %
=u)timeter
.rea ,oar
1K 100K + VRB - + VBE - +VCE - + VRC -
Circuit Diagrams:
Figure: Common Emitter Configuration
!roce"ure:
1# Connect the circuit as sho&n in fig#2#
2# 6irst set 8cc - 108# App)y vo)tage to ."E 'unction# A'ust the va)ue of 8
CC
so that
8
CE
is >ero# 8ary 8
..
an measure 8
.E
for ifferent va)ues of +
.#
?# ;epeat the a,ove e5periment for 8
CE
- 1 8o)t#
@# 8ary 8
..
so that +
.
is a,out 10 A# 8ary 8
CE
in steps of 2#5 vo)ts an measure 8
CE
an +
C#
5# ;epeat the e5periment for +
. -
20 A an ?0 A#

#imu$tion:
Simu)ate the input an output characteristics curve of circuit sho&n in fig# 2 using Pspice
Te5t Eitor#
%#ubmit the report part at the &ab'
Course No: ECE ( Expt) No: (*
+egistration No: #emester:
+o$$ No: Date:
+eport:
Data:
1 P)ot output an input characteristics of the n"p"n CE transistors in the graph paper an
a% =arA active( saturation an cut"off regions of the characteristics#
,% Ca)cu)ate the ear)y vo)tage from the output characteristics#
c% Discuss the effect of changing 8
CE
on the input characteristics#
% Discuss the effect of changing on the output characteristics#
2# *hat are the ro)e of the 2< an 1< fi5e resistors in the circuits B#
?# *rite the Pspice Te5t Eitor program use to simu)ate the input an output
characteristics curve of circuit sho&n in fig# 2#
@# Discussion: