Universidad Autnoma de Yucatn

Coordinacin General de
Relaciones Interinstitucionales

The Oil Distillation Process
Skill/Language point/Learning area: Academic Vocabulary; Reading.
stimated time: 30 mins.
!"#ective/$urpose: To identify and use general academic vocabulary in context.
%pected outcome: Improved knoledge of academic vocabulary and !o to use it.
&aterials: "ictionary.
Instructions:
T!is orks!eet ill !elp you expand your academic vocabulary using t!e Academic 'ord List #t!e
A'L$. All students need to learn t!e tec!nical vocabulary of t!eir field. As learners of %nglis! preparing
for academic study& you also need to learn general academic voca"ular(. T!is core academic
vocabulary is used by riters in many different sub'ect areas. (earning vocabulary from t!e A)( ill
!elp you improve your compre!ension of academic texts. It ill also !elp you rite assignments in an
academic style. In t!is orks!eet you are going to read about t!e oil distillation process.
Created by: Michael Sellers *age ) of *
+,-./.)0
Universidad Autnoma de Yucatn
Coordinacin General de
Relaciones Interinstitucionales
21 )it! t!is orks!eet you are going to stud( academic 2ords in conte%t& so t!at you understand
!o t!ey are used.
a1 (ook at t!e ords from t!e A)( in t!e box and& using your dictionary& find out !ic! part o3
speec4 #noun& verb& ad'ective or adverb$ eac! one is& and rite it beside t!e ord.

"1
Read t!is section about Fractional Distillation belo. "ecide if a noun& or verb is needed in
eac! of t!e + gaps in t!e reading.
,. adjective -. .......... 3. .......... /. ..........
0. .......... 1. .......... +. ..........
2o read t!e text again and fill t!e gaps it! one of t!e ords from t!e box.
c. The oil 1.__________ process: fractional distillation
Crude oil (also called petroleum) is a mixture of diferent hydrocarbons. Many
useful products can be made from these hydrocarbons. But frst the useful ones
must be 2.__________ from the crude oil and separated from one another.
Ho is this done!
"he diferent hydrocarbon #.__________ of crude oil are called fractions. "he
fractions are separated from one another usin$ a %.__________ called fractional
distillation. "his process is based on the &.__________ that diferent substances boil
at diferent temperatures. 'or example( crude oil contains )erosene and
naphtha( hich are useful fractions (naphtha is made into petrol for cars( and
)erosene is made into *et fuel). +hen you e,aporate the mixture of )erosene
and naphtha( and then cool it( the )erosene condenses at a hi$her temperature
than the naphtha. -s the mixture cools( the )erosene condenses frst( and the
naphtha condenses later.
"his is ho fractional distillation or)s. "he main ..__________ is a tall cylinder
called a fractionator (or fractional distillation column). /nside this column there
are many trays( or hori0ontal plates( all 1.__________ at diferent hei$hts. 2ach
tray collects a diferent fraction hen it cools to its on boilin$ point and
condenses.
"he crude oil is heated to at least #&34 C( hich ma)es most of the oil
e,aporate. "he 5uid then enters the column. -s the ,apor mo,es up throu$h the
fractionator( each fraction cools and condenses at a diferent temperature. -s
each fraction condenses( the li6uid is collected in the trays. 7ubstances ith
Created by: Michael Sellers *age 5 of *
components .noun_ e3uipment ...... extracted ...... located ......
principle ...... process ...... refining ......
Universidad Autnoma de Yucatn
Coordinacin General de
Relaciones Interinstitucionales
hi$her boilin$ points condense on the loer trays in the column. 7ubstances
ith loer boilin$ points condense on the hi$her trays.
"he trays ha,e ,al,es( hich allo the ,apor to bubble throu$h the li6uid in the
tray. "his helps the ,apor to cool and condense more 6uic)ly. "he li6uid from
each tray then 5os out of the column.
d1
Created by: Michael Sellers *age , of *
Universidad Autnoma de Yucatn
Coordinacin General de
Relaciones Interinstitucionales
-1 4!oose t!ree nouns and one verb from t!e ords in t!e box and rite a sentence for eac! one to
s!o you understand !o t!ey are used.
'ord Sentence
,. ............ ...............................................................
-. ............ ...............................................................
3. ............ ...............................................................
/. ............ ...............................................................
Created by: Michael Sellers *age 6 of *
Universidad Autnoma de Yucatn
Coordinacin General de
Relaciones Interinstitucionales
$at42a(:
(ook for anot!er Academic +oca"ular( orks!eet to complete and file in your portfolio.
Ans2er 7e(:
)1 ,. T -. 5 3. T /. 5 0. T 1. T
51a. components6 noun e3uipment6 noun extracted6 verb located6 verb principle6 noun
process6 noun refining6 noun
Created by: Michael Sellers *age - of *
Universidad Autnoma de Yucatn
Coordinacin General de
Relaciones Interinstitucionales
51b. ,. noun -. verb 3. noun /. noun 0. noun 1. noun +. verb
51c ,. refining -. extracted 3. components /. process 0. principle 1. euipment +. located
51d.
,. 7ecause it can8t be used as it is. It contains a mixture of useful substances& but t!ey !ave to be
separated out.
-. T!at different substances !ave different boiling points& and t!erefore condense at different
temperatures.
3. T!e tray.
/. To allo t!e gas to bubble t!roug! t!e li3uid and !elp it to condense more 3uickly.
,1 A. 0 7. + 4. 1 ". , %. 3 5. 9 :. - ;. /
61 ,. !ic! -. )!en 3. by /. As 0. for 1. from +. t!at 9. to
-1 Ansers ill vary.
*1 Ansers ill vary.
Commentar( / Re3lection:
"id t!is activity !elp me understand !o to use academic vocabulary<
%xplain.
)!at are t!ree t!ings I can do to develop my knoledge and use of academic
vocabulary<
Adapted from !!!.pearsonlongman.com"technicalenglish
Created by: Michael Sellers *age * of *