Professional Documents
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Suitable Packaging
Bottles / Tubes / Sachets / Packaging material compatibility
SAFETY
RHEOLOGY TEXTURE
EXTENDED
STABILITY
SENSORY
COST
Toothpaste
Ingredients
Mfg. Process
Order of Addition,
Temperature, Shear
Binder
Selection
Screening
Particle
Morphology
Interactions
Cation
Solubility
Amount
Toothpaste Formulations
Determined by
Availability of
Ingredients
Cost
Effectiveness
Type of
Formulation
Local Needs
Identified by
Base
DiCalcium
Phosphate
Chalk
Silica Gels
Transparent
Translucent
Opaque
Characterized by
Functionality
Tartar Control
Whitening
Sensitive Teeth
For Children
Percentage
Requirement
Choice
Humectant
20 - 25
Essential
Limited choice
Binder
0.50 1.50
Essential
Limited choice
Sweetener
0.10 0.50
Essential
Saccharin ?
Abrasive
35 50
Essential
Various
Foaming Agent
1.0 3.0
Optional ?
SLS
Diluent
20 30
Essential
Water
Flavour
0.80 1.30
Essential
Various
Optional
Various
Active
Ingredients
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
46.00
22.14
17.00
10.00
2.00
1.00
--0.60
0.76
0.30
0.20
100.00
46.00
21.84
27.00
--2.00
1.00
0.90
46.00
22.14
27.00
--2.00
1.00
--0.60
0.76
0.30
0.20
100.00
INGREDIENTS
46.00
21.84
17.00
10.00
2.00
1.00
0.90
0.60
0.76
0.30
0.20
100.00
0.76
0.30
0.20
100.00
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
DCP
50.00
Water
22.94
Glycerine
22.00
Sorbitol (70% Solution)
--Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS)
2.00
Flavour
1.00
Viscarin TP 329 binder
0.85
Viscarin TP 348 binder
--Sodium Monofluorophosphate(optional) 0.76
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate (TSPP)
0.25
Sodium Saccharin
0.20
Total
100.00
50.00
17.94
10.00
17.00
2.00
1.00
0.85
--0.76
0.25
0.20
50.00
23.04
22.00
--2.00
1.00
--0.75
0.76
0.25
0.20
50.00
18.04
10.00
17.00
2.00
1.00
--0.75
0.76
0.25
0.20
100.00
100.00
100.00
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Transparent Gels
1
2
%
%
68.00
68.00
9.60
9.65
----11.00
11.00
7.00
7.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
1.00
0.50
----0.45
0.50
0.50
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
----Q.S.
Q.S.
100.00
100.00
Translucent gels
3
4
%
%
18.00
18.00
41.40
41.40
18.00
18.00
11.00
11.00
7.00
7.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
1.00
0.70
----0.55
0.50
0.50
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
----Q.S.
Q.S.
100.00
100.00
Opaque Gels
5
6
%
%
68.00
68.00
9.60
9.65
----11.00
11.00
7.00
7.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
1.00
0.50
----0.45
0.50
0.50
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.50
0.50
Q.S.
Q.S.
100.00 100.00
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Refractive Indices
Materials
Refractive Indices
Silica
1.45 1.46
Alumina
1.52 1.55
Calcium Carbonate
1.148 1.168
Sorbitol 70 %
1.455 1.461
Glycerin
1.4729
Water
1.333
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Childrens Toothpaste
Silica formulations
Minimum abrasivity, hence ratio
of gelling silica & abrasive silica
modified
Typically, Glycerin as humectant
Characterized by fruity flavours,
attractive colour
Packaging to complement child
positioning
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
INGREDIENTS
% BY WEIGHT
Silica
Pr Chalk
52.00
--15.00
11.80
10.00
--6.50
2.00
1.00
1.00
0.50
0.20
100.00
15.00
35.00
15.00
20.10
--10.00
--2.00
1.20
1.00
0.50
0.20
100.00
15
%
26.00
25.76
17.00
15.00
5.00
4.50
1.50
2.00
1.00
1.10
0.50
0.40
0.24
100.00
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Comparative Formulations
Chalk
DCP
Silica
B. Soda
Tartar Control
Appearance
Opaque
Opaque
Opaque /
Translucent /
Transparent
Opaque
Opaque
pH
>9
~8
6-7
>8
78
Abrasives %
46
50
18
17 - 35
22
Humectant %
27
22 - 27
36 - 68
25 - 52
41
Gum %
0.6 0.9
0.75 0.85
0.45 0.55
1.0 1.2
1.1
Foaming Agent
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
Flavour
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.0
Sweetener
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.4
Water
22
18 - 23
9 - 41
12 - 20
26
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Staining is due to
Bacterial pigments / Foodstuffs / Tobacco
Whitening Agent
Hydrogen peroxide in different forms / varying concentrations
Gentle polishing
Chemical chelation or some other non bleaching action
Action
Oxidizing agent penetrates the porosity in the rod like crystal structure of
enamel & oxidizes inter prismatic stain deposits. Over a period, the dentine
layer, lying underneath the enamel is also bleached.
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Harmful Effects
Avoided / minimized by use of rubber dams to isolate gum tissues or protective gel
Temporary tooth sensitivity & occasional irritation of oral tissues
Chemical burns
Rebound
Allergy
Effectiveness
Can last for several months. Gets affected by smoking / tea-coffee consumption
Least effective if
Products
Dentist dispensed professionally applied bleach whiteners
OTC home use products Trays, Strips, Toothpastes etc
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Whitening Toothpaste
Two mechanisms
Physical
Chemical
Physical
Special abrasives
Silica
Alumina
Chemical
Bleaching Agents
Peroxides Hydrogen, Mg, Na perborate, stabilized peroxide compounds
Urea compounds
Formulations
challenging to stabilize
Special tubes used to maintain activity
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Whitening Toothpaste
Toothpaste
Whitening
Ingredient
Action Mechanism
Effective Against
Crest
Colgate
Special Silica
Abrasives
Stains
Aquafresh
Sodium
Tripolyphosphate
Calcified Stains
Rembrandt
Citroxane
Papaine
Citrate
Aluminium Oxide
Citroxane*, a patented
formula that chemically
disrupts stain through the
combined action of papain,
citrate and aluminum oxide
Other
Aluminium Oxide
Surface Stains
* Citroxain is a combination of an enzyme in the papaya plant that naturally helps clean your teeth and a
scientific whitener. The two work together to remove surface stains and get teeth as white as they can be
without bleach or other harsh chemicals
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Colorimeters or spectrophotometers) or
Special color-matching scales (such as shade guides).
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Herbal Toothpastes
Formulation base can be Silica or Chalk
Herbal ingredients are generally extracts and
dosages are low
Compatibility of ingredients and claim validity
important factors
Shelf life stability
Colour / Discolouration
Flavour type
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
Recent trend
Developing markets
Competition pressures
Market reach
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
%
44.00
34.90
15.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
0.70
0.20
0.20
----------100.00
%
46.00
34.90
15.00
2.00
-1.00
0.70
0.20
0.20
-------100.00
26
Conventional
HMTP
0.45
0.60
68.00
30.00
0.20
0.20
Methyl Paraben
0.01
Propyl Paraben
0.01
Na mono fluorophosphate
0.76
0.76
7.00
7.00
11.00
11.00
Flavour
1.00
0.95
Na Lauryl Sulphate
2.50
2.50
Water
9.09
56.97
100.00
100.00
Total
Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential
27
Thank You
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Session II 8 250714 Vijay K Gadkari - Confidential