Bi 1. Cho bit a ch broadcast ca subnet 131.18.7.0/255.255.255.

Bi 2. Cho a ch mng: 203.162.100.0 / 255.255.255.0. Chia a ch trn thnh 5 subnet hp

l. Ghi ra 5 subnet v s host ti a ca mt subnet.

Bi 3. C cc a ch IP:
203.162.4.15/255.255.255.240
203.162.4.25/255.255.255.240
203.162.4.26/255.255.255.240
203.162.4.125/255.255.255.240
203.162.4.215/255.255.255.240
203.162.4.205/255.255.255.240
203.162.4.65/255.255.255.240
203.162.4.85/255.255.255.240
Sp xp cc a ch theo tng Subnet

Bi 4: Cho a ch IP = 131.32.21.20/255.255.255.0
Hy tm: - Ch s mng con
- Ch s may ch
- a ch Broadcast

Bi 5: Cho a ch IP: 192.55.12.120/255.255.255.240

Hy tim: - Ch s mng con
- Ch s my ch
- a ch Broadcast

-u tin mnh tm hiu nh vy : cc my tnh trong h thng mng sau khi mnh kt ni v
thnh phn vt l xong th cn phi cu hnh thm thnh phn lun l na,ni nm na l ti n
c th ni chuyn vi nhau.
-Th ni chuyn m hiu nhau th phi dng chung 1 ngn ng. Ngn ng chung ph bin hin
nay l TCP/IP(gi chnh xc ci "ngn ng" l Protocol)
-B giao thc ny quy nh mi Host (PC,Printer,router..) tham gia vo h thng mng phi c 1
IP Address.a ch ny cng l duy nht trong h thng mng.
-1 Ip address gm 32bit c biu din
S.S.S.S {S : ln hoc bng 0}
{S : nh hoc bng 255}
Biu din dng nh phn :
+a ch ln nht: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111
+a ch nh nht : 00000000.00000000.00000000.0000001
Biu din dng thp phn
+a ch ln nht: 255.255.255.255

+a ch nh nht : 0.0.0.
vd: 192.168.25.31
172.16.77.111
254.32.251.66
Trong khong ny ta c th t khong 4,3t a ch IP.
-Tuy nhin ngi ta chia a ch IP ra lm 5 Class d qun l v s dng,th cn c vo byte
u tin ca 1 IP Address ta c:
+Class A: 1->126
+Class B : 128->191
+Class C : 192->223
+Class D dng cho vic truyn a hng Multicast
+Class E dng cho nghin cu v d phng
T chc quc t IANA quy nh c loi a ch IP
1/IP Private : dng cho h thng mng ni b.Mi Class ngi ta ct ra 1 t cho mnh s dng.
Class A :10.x.x.x
Class B : 172.16.x.x -> 172.31.x.x
Class C: 192.168.x.x
Trong mun t sao th t.
2/IP Public : phn cn li ca cc Class,dng cho h thng mng Internet,mun c th i thu
ca ISP.
Cha ht 1 a ch Ip gm chia lm 2 phn : NET ID v HOST ID
NetID : dng t a ch lp mng
HostID : dng t cho cc thit b tham gia vo h thng mng.
Mun phn bit c 2 phn ny ta phi da vi thng s tip theo l SubNet Mask.
SM cng gm 32 bit nm trong khong t 0 -> 255.
vd: 255.255.255.0
255.255.0.0
255.0.0.0
Th mc c bn v d hiu nht kim tra NetID v HostID mnh ly vd
ta c IP : 192.168.16.200
SM ; 255.255.255.0
T s 255 cui cng ct ln trn : bn tri l NetID,bn phi l HostID
NetID : 192.168.16.0
HostID: 0.0.0.200
IP : 172.16.3.55
SM 255.255.0.0
NetID: 172.16.0.0
HostID 0.0.3.55
Vic xc nh NetID v Host ID gip cc my tnh kim tra thng tin xem coi my no cng
NETID vi n ,my no khc NETID vi n.Cc my tnh c cng NETID th c th lin lac,trao
i thng tin vi nhau.Cc my tnh khc NETID th phi nh Router mi lin lc c.

Bi 1:
a ch IP : 131.18.7.0 (hay 10000011. 00010010.00000111.00000000) c 2 bit u l 10
a ch lp B
Netmask chun ca lp B: 255.255.0.0
M Netmask cho l: 255.255.255.0
Mn 8 bit lm subnet-id
Suy ra: S host ti a m mi mng con c th c: 2^8 2 = 254
a ch Broadcast l a ch qung b, tc l ly a ch mng gp vi a ch Host bt ht l 1.
Do vy a ch broadcast ca subnet 131.18.7.0 l: 131.18.7.255
Bi 2:
a ch IP: 203.162.100.0 / 255.255.255.0
Mun chia a ch trn thnh 5 subnet hp l
=> cn mn 3 bit lm subnet-id ( s mng con l 2^3 -2 =6)
Suy ra:
S host ti a trong 1 mng con = 2^5 2 = 30
Subnet-mask by gi l : 255.255.255.224
5 subnet hp l sau khi chia:
203.162.100.32
203.162.100.64
203.162.100.96
203.162.100.128
203.162.100.160
(203.162.100.192)
Bi 3:
Xt a ch IP : 203.162.4.15
y l a ch lp C
Netmask chun lp C: 255.255.255.0
M Netmask cho: 255.255.255.240
Mn 4 bit lm subnet-id
Suy ra: s mng con = 2^4 2 =14
Cc subnet:
1. 203.162.4.16/28
2. 203.162.4.32/28
3. 203.162.4.48/28
4. 203.162.4.64/28
5. 203.162.4.80/28
6. 203.162.4.96/28
7. 203.162.4.112/28
8. 203.162.4.128/28
9. 203.162.4.144/28
10. 203.162.4.160/28
11. 203.162.4.176/28
12. 203.162.4.192/28
13. 203.162.4.208/28

14. 203.162.4.224/28
Vy : Sp xp cc a ch cho theo tng Subnet:
203.162.4.15 : thuc subnet 203.162.4.0 ???
203.162.4.25, 203.162.4.26 thuc subnet 203.162.4.16
203.162.4.125 thuc subnet 203.162.4.112
203.162.4.215 thuc subnet 203.162.4.208
203.162.4.205 thuc subnet 203.162.4.192
203.162.4.65 thuc subnet 203.162.4.64
203.162.4.85 thuc subnet 203.162.4.80
Bi 4:
a ch IP = 131.32.21.20/255.255.255.0
y l d/ch lp B
M Netmask chun lop B l: 255.255.0.0
mn 8 bit lm subnet-id
Suy ra:
S mng con: 2^8 -2 =254
S host mi mng con: 2^8 2 =254
1/Ch s mng con cha my trn: 131.32.21.0
2/Ch s my ch:
3//c broadcast: 131.32.21.255
Bi 5:
a ch IP: 192.55.12.120/255.255.255.240
y l d/ch lp C
M Netmask chun lop B l: 255.255.255.0
mn 4 bit lm subnet-id
Suy ra:
S mng con: 2^4 -2 = 14
S host mi mng con: 2^4 2 = 14
1/Ch s mng con cha my trn: 192.55.12.112
2/Ch s my ch:
3//c broadcast: 192.55.12.127