Combine All Paper 6

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
June 2013
GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

Paper No.6
International Procurement & E- Procurement

Date: 09.06.2013
Time: 2.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
Marks: 100
Duration: 3 Hours
Instructions:
Part A contains 4 questions, each question carries 10 marks. Attempt all 4 questions.
Part B contains 7 questions, attempt any 4 questions. Each question carries 15 marks.
PARTPART-A
Answer all four Questions. Each question carries 10 marks each. Total 40 Marks for this Section.
Q1.
State True or False:

1.1
ITC was created by GATT in the year 1948.
1.2
E-procurement does not hold the potential for quicker, more cost effective & more informed
buying.
1.3
E-procurement performance cannot be shown by delivering key functionality.
1.4
Benchmarks act as a reality check for managers and policy makers.
1.5
The test of e-procurement projects overall success is how well the project meets its goals.
1.6
Those responsible for managing an e-procurement program must define the standards by which
the performance will be measured.
1.7
E-procurement operates within a framework of e-government of which it is a component.
1.8
E-commerce has changed the manner in which the world does business.
1.9 E-procurement is practiced by both the public and private sector.

10.0 Free market studies are not found on the internet.
Q2.
Q3.
Write the full form of the following abbreviations as used in the context of public procurement.
2.1 UNIDO
2.2 QCBS
2.3 QBS
2.4 NCB
2.5
WMU
2.6 IFAD
2.7 EPOS
2.8 IMO
2.9 ICRC
2.10 ICT
Fill in the blanks:
a) Overall aim of bidding is to ensure treatment to all bidders.

b) Evaluation of bids is to .. incomplete, invalid or substantially non-responsive bids.
c) IAEA & ITC are not part of UN system.
d) A market .. is a group of similar supplier.
e) Mile stones should be to measure progress against the benchmarks.
f) The .. office is that portion of e-procurement that is not seen by the world.
g) High transportation costs the entry of new suppliers into your market.
h) UNCTAD was established in 1964 as a . international body.
i) UNICEF was created in 1946 and works for the protection of ..
j) Front .. is that portion of e-procurement that is seen by the world.
Q4.
Match the following:
Column A
Column B
1. A market place
a) that is internal to the procurement entity.
2. Market drivers
b) ability to support non-tangible requirements of e-procurement.
3. The price of an item in
c) promote fair competition both nationally & internationally.
the market
4. Back office
d) that are incurred when changing to a new supplier.
5. Info-structure
e) Nongovernmental organization.
6. ITCs objective in E
f) where the borrower follow the lenders procedure.
trade
7. Switching costs
g) reflects the balance between demand and supply
8. International
h) is an arena for potential exchange.
organizations
9. Mis-procurement
i) provide much needed assistance to developing nations.
10.IFRC
j) factors that generate competitive advantage in supply market.
PARTPART- B
Attempt any four questions. Each Question carries 15 marks. Total Marks 60
Q5.
E-procurement is technology enabled buying. Explain in detail. What are e-procurement

Drivers?
Q6.
Explain supply market analysis. What information is needed for undertaking the same.
Q7.
What is procurement process? Explain the importance of bidding documents in the

procurement process? Indicate important aspects that need to be considered.
Q8.
Briefly explain any three.

a) Pre-qualification of bids.
b) Role of ethics in procurement.
c) Total cost of ownership.
d) Product market life-cycle.
e) Alternate evaluation procedure.
f) M-commerce.
g) Scenario Analysis.
Q9.
What are International financial Institutions? What role do they play? Explain the role of world
bank in development assistance.
Q10. What are the factors that influence price? Also explain the Porters five forces model in supply
market.
Q11. How do Government agencies benefit from e-procurement? Explain. Also indicate what benefits
accrue to the suppliers.
**********

Dec 2013

Paper No.6

Date: 15.12.2013
Time: 2.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
Marks: 100
Duration: 3 Hours
Instructions:
PART-A
Answer all four Questions. Each question carries 10 marks each.
Q1.
Total 40 Marks

1)
In case of International procurement all information contained within the bid is kept confidential
until the unsuccessful bidders are notified.
2)
Arithmetic and logical unit of the computer is considered as the brain of any computer system
3)
The free market studies about industrial products are not found on the internet.
4)
E-procurement system does not lead to quicker and more cost effective buying.
5)
RAM of a computer system in large organizations operating at multiple locations is considered

as a permanent storage device.
6)
Benchmarks act as a reality check for managers and policy makers.
7)
The test of e-procurement projects overall success is how well the project meets its goals.
8)
Those responsible for managing an e-procurement program must define the standards by which
the performance will be measured.
9)
E-commerce is used and benefits derived by both the public and private sector.
10)
ITC was created by GATT in the year 1948.
Q2. Write the full form of the following abbreviations as used in the context of public procurement.
2.1 UNIDO
2.2 QCBS
2.3 QBS
2.4 NCB
2.5
WMU
2.6 IFAD
2.7 EPOS
2.8 IMO
2.9 ICRC
2.10 SQL
Q3.
Fill in the blanks:

a)
Overall aim of bidding is to ensure . treatment to all bidders.
b)
Evaluation of bids is to ..... incomplete, invalid or substantially non-responsive

bids.
c)
RDBMS stands for .. ..
d)
A market .. is a group of similar supplier.
e)
Mile stones should be to measure progress against the benchmarks.
f)
The . office is that portion of e-procurement that is not seen by the world.
g)
High transportation costs .. the entry of new suppliers into the market.
h)
UNCTAD was established in 1964 as a . international body.
i)
UNICEF was created in 1946 and works for the protection of .. ..
j)
.. is the system program that acts as an interface between the user and the
underlying hardware of the computer.
Q4.

Column A
Column B
1. A market place
a) that is internal to the procurement entity.
2. Market drivers
b) ability to support non-tangible requirements of e-procurement.
3. The price of an item in the
c) promote fair competition both nationally & internationally.
market
4. Back office
d) that are incurred when changing to a new supplier.
5. Info-structure
e) Nongovernmental organization.
6. ITCs objective in E
f) where the borrower follow the lenders procedure.
Trade
7. Switching costs
g) reflects the balance between demand and supply
8. IFRC
h) is an arena for potential exchange.
9. Mis-procurement
i) provide much needed assistance to developing nations.
10. International
j) factors that generate competitive advantage in supply market.
Organizations
PART- B
Q5. What are the different aspects of International Procurement Process? Explain the importance of bidding
documents in the procurement process?
Q6
Describe the different features and advantages of MS- EXCELL in a computer system which helps Supply
Chain Managers in their day to day functioning with examples.
Q7. How do Government agencies benefit from e-procurement? Explain the benefits that accrue to the
suppliers and other intermediaries involved in the process..
Q8.
Briefly explain any five from the following

a) Pre-qualification of bids.
b) Role of ethics in procurement.
c) Total cost of ownership.
d) Product market life-cycle.
e) Alternate evaluation procedure.
f) Bid planning
g) Evolution of service bids
Q9. Do you agree that international financial Institutions are playing an important role in the development of
world economy ? Explain the role of world bank in development of economy of third world countries.
Q10. Explain Electronic Commerce models with practical applications and the salient features of Cyber Law /
IT Act 2004 .
Q.11 What are market characteristics ? Explain the stages of product market life cycle.
******

DEC 2012

Paper No.6

Date: 09.12.2012
Time: 2.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
Marks: 100
Duration: 3 Hours
Instructions:
PARTPART-A
Q1.

1.1 Responsive bid confirms to the bidding documents & has no inadmissible elements.
1.2 A chain is as strong as the weakest of its links.
1.3 A market segment is a group of dissimilar suppliers.
1.4 IAEA & ITC are formally part of the UN system.
1.5 When different technologies represent different risks, you should treat them as different
segments.
1.6 Make sure you spend time and effort where it is really needed.
1.7 All information contained within the bid needs to be kept confidential until unsuccessful
bidders are notified.
1.8 New suppliers entering the market do not improve competition.
1.9 Failure to expose the wrong doing will destroy the system in the long run.
1.10 Corruption is the abuse of public office for private gain.
Q2.
Q3.
2.1 ICAO
2.2 WFP
2.3 EBRD
2.4 UNU
2.5
IAEA
2.6 UNEP
2.7 BOT
2.8 UNHCR
2.9 PPTS
2.10 CPAR
Fill in the blanks:

a) UNICEF was created in the year 1964 and works for the rights.
b) The overall aim of bidding process is to ensure ....treatment to all bidders.
c) UNCTAD was established in the year ..as a permanent International body.
d) The product market life cycle comprises launch, growth,.. and decline.
e) E-Procurement holds the potential for quicker, most . effective & more informed buying.
f) Common sense is the .. common of all senses.
g) NGOs are with religious, humanitarian and special interest groups.
h) The price of the . in the market .. the balance between demand and supply.
i) High transportation cost .. the entry of new suppliers in the market
j) Back office is that portion of e-procurement that is not .. by the world.
Q4.

Column A
Column B
1. The funded Project
a) is that portion seen by the world.
2. The degree of
b) can be shown by delivering key functionalities
competition
3. Market drivers
c) became operational in the year 1963
4. Procurement
d) provide much needed assistance to developing countries.
performance
5. World Food Program
e) are multinational institutions to assist in financing of infrastructure

projects within developing countries.
6. IFIs
f) arise from bid evaluation process.
7. IRFC
g) founded in 1919, comprises members of Red Cross and Red

Crescent Societies.
8. International
organizations
9. Disputes over award of
h) are the factors that generate competitive advantage in the supply

market.
i) depends on the number and size of the suppliers in the market.
contracts
10.Front office in
e-procurement
j) must make a satisfactory contribution to the economic

development of the country.
PARTPART- B
Q5.
What is the role of International Financial Institutions? Briefly explain the role of World Bank
in development assistance.
Q6.
What is supply market analysis? How does it assist in the procurement process-Explain.
Q7.
What are bidding documents? Bring out the important aspects that go into the same.
Q8.

a) Service contracting.
b) Forecasting based on Time Series Analysis.
c) Role of Internet in procurement.
d) Electronic Data Interchange.
e) Bid planning.
f) Two bid system.
g) Anti corruption considerations.
Q9.
Transparency in procurement is an important milestone Explain. How has e-procurement

helped in this direction. Give one example of e-procurement done in your office.
Q10.
What goes in the selection of procurement methods of the World Bank? Explain.
Q11.
Explain the Supply Positioning Model? What are the differences in stage I & II.
******

June 2012

Paper No.6

Date: 10.6.2012
Time: 2.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
Marks: 100
Duration: 3 Hours
Instructions:
PART
PARTRT-A
Q1.

1.1
Free market studies cannot be found on the internet.
1.2
Mis-procurement is where the borrower follows the lenders procedure.
1.3
Examination of bids is to identify and eliminate bids that are incomplete, invalid or substantially
non-responsive.
1.4
In selection under a fixed budget, the best technical offer within the budget is selected.
1.5
Negotiations with the lowest bidder are not an alternative to rebidding.
1.6
Milestones should be established to measure progress against these benchmarks.
1.7
The overall aim of bidding is not to ensure equal treatment of all bidders.
1.8
Market drivers are factors that generate competitive advantage in supply market.
1.9 Deciding on team members and their roles is a key matter in negotiations.
1.10 NGOs are not affiliated with religious, humanitarian & special interest groups.
Q2.
Q3.
2.1 IFAD
2.2 IMO
2.3 GATS
2.4 NCB
2.5
ADB
2.6 EPOS
2.7 ICRC
2.8 QCBS
2.9 WHO
2.10 IBRD
Fill in the blanks:
a) The procurement performance can be shown by delivering functionalities.

b) The .. office is that portion of e-procurement that is not seen by the world.
c) WTO provides for much needed in developing countries.
d) When different technologies represents different .., you should treat them as different
segments.
e) ITC was .. by GATT in the year 1964.

f) After the award of contract, the unsuccessful bidders need to be .
g) Supply market analysis helps to cost and risk, and to detect innovations.
h) If you do not know the level of supply risk, you must assume to be ...
i) The .. of an item in the market place reflects the .. between demand and supply.
j) Building a cost/price model will help you to . the cost/price structure.
Q4.
Column A
Column B
th
1. A market segment
a) was established on 24 October 1945 by 51 Countries.
2. IAEA & ITC
b) changed the manner in which world does business
3. WTO
c) acts as a realty check for managers and policy makers
4. UNICEF
d) indicates level of expenditure and the items impact on the

organisation.
5. United Nations
e) are those that are incurred when changing to a new supplier.
6. E-commerce
f) is the abuse of public office for private gain.
7. Bench marks
g) was created in 1946 and works for the protection of childrens

rights.
8. The Supply Positioning
h)was created in 1948 and is headquartered at Geneva - Switzerland
Model (Stage 1)
9. Switching Costs
i) are not formally part of the UN System.
10.Corruption
j) is a group of similar suppliers .
PARTPART- B
Q5.
What is the role of International Trade Centre-UNCTAD/WTO? What are the important areas
that it covers.
Q6.
What are the stages in the World Bank Procurement process? Explain in detail.
Q7.
What is E-Procurement? Explain the scope of front office and the back office in e-procurement.
Q8.

a) Bar-coding.
b) Supply Market Analysis.

c) Total Cost of Ownership.
d) Direct Contracting.
e) Porters five forces Model.
f) Evaluating Service bids.
g) Anti corruption measures.
Q9.
Q10.
What are the e-procurement drivers? Explain.
What is bid evaluation? What are the alternate methods of bid evaluation? What are advantages
of two bid system over single bid?
Q11.
What is the product market life cycle? Explain the stages in detail with a diagram.
************

June 2011

Paper No.6
International Procurement & E-Techniques

Date: 12.06.2011
Time: 2.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
Marks: 100
Duration: 3 Hours
Instructions:
PART-A
Q1.

1.1
The price of an item in the market reflects the balance between demand and supply
1.2
Mile stones should be established to measure progress against these benchmarks.
1.3
The overall aim of the bidding is to ensure equal treatment to all bidders.
1.4
In selection under a fixed budget, the best technical offer within the budget is selected.
1.5
All information contained within the bid need not be kept confidential until the unsuccessful bidders
are notified.
1.6
A market segment is a group of non-similar suppliers.
1.7
When different technologies represent different risks, you should treat them as different segments.
1.8
NGOs are not affiliated with religious, humanitarian & special interest groups.
1.9 The back office is that portion of an e-procurement system that is seen by the world.
1.10 High transportation costs do not limit the entry of new suppliers into your market.
Q2.
Q3.
2.1 IFAD
2.2 EBRD
2.3 EPOS
2.4 NCB
2.5
ICRC
2.6 IMO
2.7 GATS
2.8 QCBS
2.9 ADB
2.10 BOT

Column A
Column B
1. Procurement agents
a) can be shown by delivering key functionalities.
2. Bench Marks
b) indicated level of expenditure & items impact on the organization.
3. World food Prog.
c) created in 1948 and is head quartered in Geneva
4. IRFC
d) created by United Nations General Assembly in year 1951.
5. IFIs
e) confirm to the bidding documents & has no inadmissible reservations
6. World Health Orgn.
f) became operational in year 1963.
7. UNHCR
g) when borrower lacks necessary organization, resources & experience
8. Supply Positioning
h) are multinational institutions to assist in financing of infrastructure projects
Model (Stage-1)
9. The procurement
within developing countries.

i) founded in1919, comprises members of Red cross & Red crescent societies .
performance
10.Responsive bid
j) act as a realty check for managers and policy makers.
Q4.
Fill in the blanks:

a) The African Development Bank is the leading development institution in .
b) The funded project must make a satisfactory to the economic development of the
country.
c) Failure to wrongdoing will destroy the system in the long run.
d) Corruption is the .. of Public office for private gain.
e) National .. is used when goods are available at a competitive price from more than one
source in the borrowers country.
f) Switching costs are those that are .. when changing to a new supplier.
g) The degree of .. depends on the number and size of the suppliers in the market.
h) New suppliers entering the improves competition.
i) Market drivers are the factors that generate .. advantage in a supply market.
j) Call in experts to . You develop alternate scenarios.
PART- B
Q5.
What is the role of International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO. What are the important areas
that it covers.
Q6.
What are the stages of the World bank procurement process. Explain in detail
Q7.
What is the information needed for supply market analysis. Explain.
Q8.

a) Bid Planning.
b) Total cost of ownership.
c) Single bid & two bid system .
d) Product market life cycle.
e) Forecasting based on Time Series Analysis.
f) Transparency and corruption.
g) Monopsony and Oligopsony
Q9.
What are the major requirements of an e-procurement system implementation. What are the
benefit derived by the Government and the suppliers.
Q10.
What are bidding documents. How are these prepared. Indicate the format of the bidding
document.
Q11.
What is the purpose of bid evaluation. Explain the important factors that may be considered in
addition to price.
********************

Dec 2011

Paper No.6
International Procurement & E-Procurement

Date: 11.12.2011
Time: 2.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
Marks: 100
Duration: 3 Hours
Instructions:
PART
PART-A
Q1.

1.1
The procurement performance can not be shown by delivering key functionalities.
1.2
IRFC was founded in 1952, and comprises members of red cross & red crescent societies..
1.3
A chain is not as strong as its weakest link.
1.4
Free market studies can be found on the internet.
1.5
WTO does not provide much needed assistance in developing nations.
1.6
IAEA & ITC are formally part of the UN System.
1.7
UNICEF was created in 1946 and works for the protection of children rights.
1.8
A market segment is a group of similar suppliers.
1.9 The back office is that portion of an e-procurement system that is not seen by the world.
1.10 NGOs are affiliated with religious, humanitarian & special interest groups.
Q2.
Q3.
2.1 UNEP
2.2 UNHCR
2.3 UNCHS
2.4 WHO
2.5
IAEA
2.6 ICAO
2.7 UNIDO
2.8 UNU
2.9 GATT
2.10 WFP
Column A
Column B
1. ITC
a) was created in year 1946 and works for the children rights.
2. A successful
b) must make a satisfactory contribution to the economic development of the
procurement system
country
3. UNICEF
c) was established in year 1964 as a permanent international body.
4. UNCTAD
d) is to identify and eliminate bids that are incomplete, invalid or substantially

non responsive.
5. E-Procurement
e) is to ensure equal treatment to all bidders
6. World Health
f) holds the potential for quicker, most cost effective and more informed buying.
Organization.
7. Evaluation of bids
g) was created in the year 1948 and is head quartered in Geneva - Switzerland
8. The funded project
h) launch, growth, maturity & decline.
9. The product market
i) relies on the readiness of the environment within which it operates to
life cycle
10.Overall aim of
participate in e-commerce.
j) was created by GATT in year 1964.
bidding
Q4.
Fill in the blanks:
a) Market drivers are . that generate .. advantage in supply market.

b) Most disputes over the award of .. arise from the evaluation process.
c) Make sure you spend . and .where it is really needed.
d) Negotiation with the bidder is an to re-bidding.
e) All information contained within the is kept confidential until the unsuccessful bidders
are ...
f) A market . is a .. of similar suppliers.
g) When different technologies represent different .., you should treat them as different
...
h) A market is an .. for potential exchange.
i) Assume that all factors are .. until you know .
j) Common .. is the least common of all senses.
PARTPART- B
Q5.
What is the role of International Financial Institution? Briefly explain the role of World Bank
in development assistance.
Q6.
Explain the Supply Positioning Model? What are the difference in Stage I & II
Q7.
What is the World Bank Policy for selection of procurement methods? Explain.
Q8.

a) Forecasting based on Time Series Analysis.
b) Pole of Internet in the procurement process.
c) Negotiated procurement method.

d) Pre-qualification of bids.
e) Bid guarantee.
f) Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).
g) Role of ethics in procurement.
Q9.
What are the factors that influence price? Explain the Porters five forces model in the supply
market?.
Q10.
What is the importance of bidding document in a procurement process? What are the important
aspects that need to be considered while preparing the bid document?
Q11.
What role does transparency play in bid evaluation? Briefly describe the advantages of two bid
system over the conventional one bid system.
*********

Paper No.6
International Procurement & E-Procurement
DEC-2010
Date: 12.12.2010
Marks: 100
Time: 2.00 pm to 5.00 pm
Duration: 3 Hours
Note:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PART-A
Q1.

1.1 In selection under a fixed budget, the best technical offer within the budget is not selected.
1.2 Make sure you spend time and effort where it is really needed.
1.3 Free market studies cannot be found on the internet.
1.4 When different technologies represent different risks, you should treat them as different
segments.
1.5 All information contained within the bid is kept confidential until the unsuccessful bidders
are notified.
1.6 A chain is as strong as the weakest of its links.
1.7 Negotiation with the lowest bidder is not an alternative to re-bidding.
1.8 NGOs are affiliated with religious, humanitarian & special interest groups.
1.9 Deciding on team members and their roles is a key matter in negotiations.
1.10 High transportation costs limit the entry of new suppliers into your market.
Q2.
2.1 UNEP
2.6 ICAO
Q3.
2.2 UNFPA
2.7 UNCHS
2.3 UNU
2.8 UNHCR
2.4 WFP
2.9 WTO
2.5 WHO
2.10 UNIDO
Column A
1. Mis-procurement
2. Examination of bids
3. UNICF
4. International
Organization
5. UNCTAD
6. United Nations
7. IAEA & ITC
8. E-Procurement
9. WTO
10.IFRC
Column B
a) that provide much needed assistance in developing nations.
b) is a situation where the borrower follows the lenders procedure.
c) Non Governmental Organization
d) holds the potential for quicker, most cost effective and more
informed buying.
e) is to identify and eliminate bids that are incomplete, invalid or
substantially non-responsive.
f) created in 1946 and works for the protection of children rights.
g) was created in 1948 and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
h) was established in 1964 as a permanent international body.
i) was established on 24th October 1945 by 51 countries.
j) are not formally part of the UN System.
Q4.
Fill in the blanks:

a) A substantially responsive bid .. to the bidding document and has no inadmissible.
b) A market . is a group of similar suppliers.
c) E-Procurement operates within a of E-Governance of which it is a component.
d) E-Commerce has . the manner in which the world does business.
e) To enable a .. to take advantage of e-procurement, certain capacities & capabilities must
be in place.
f) Product market life cycle covers launch, growth, ..and decline.
g) Mile stones should be .. to measure progress against these benchmarks.
h) Monopsony indicated that there is only buyer for a product of a number of sellers.
i) Oligopsony . that a few buyers dominate the market
j) ITC was . By GATT in the year 1964.
PART- B
Q5.
What is the role of International Financial Institutions? Briefly explain the role of World
Bank in development assistance.
Q6.
What is World bank policy for selection of procurement methods? Explain.
Q7.
Explain the supply positioning model? What are the major differences in stage 1 & II.
Q8.

a) Contract for consultancy services.
b) Forecasting based on time series analysis.
c) Alternate evaluation procedure.
d) E-Procurement drivers.
e) Porters five forces model.
f) Evaluation of service bids.
Q9.
What is the information needed for supply market analysis? Explain.
Q10.
What is e-procurement? Explain the scope of Front office and Back office in e-procurement.
Q11.
What are e-procurement drivers? Explain in detail.

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INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS MANAGEMENT

GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

International Procurement & E- Procurement

State True or False:

ITC was created by GATT in the year 1948.

E-procurement performance cannot be shown by delivering key functionality.

Benchmarks act as a reality check for managers and policy makers.

E-procurement operates within a framework of e-government of which it is a component.

1.9 E-procurement is practiced by both the public and private sector.

Fill in the blanks:

a) Overall aim of bidding is to ensure treatment to all bidders.

Match the following:

a) that is internal to the procurement entity.

b) ability to support non-tangible requirements of e-procurement.

3. The price of an item in

c) promote fair competition both nationally & internationally.

d) that are incurred when changing to a new supplier.

f) where the borrower follow the lenders procedure.

g) reflects the balance between demand and supply

h) is an arena for potential exchange.

i) provide much needed assistance to developing nations.

j) factors that generate competitive advantage in supply market.

E-procurement is technology enabled buying. Explain in detail. What are e-procurement

What is procurement process? Explain the importance of bidding documents in the

Briefly explain any three.

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS MANAGEMENT

GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

International Procurement & E- Procurement

State True or False:

RAM of a computer system in large organizations operating at multiple locations is considered

Benchmarks act as a reality check for managers and policy makers.

ITC was created by GATT in the year 1948.

Fill in the blanks:

Overall aim of bidding is to ensure . treatment to all bidders.

Evaluation of bids is to ..... incomplete, invalid or substantially non-responsive

RDBMS stands for .. ..

A market .. is a group of similar supplier.

Mile stones should be to measure progress against the benchmarks.

UNCTAD was established in 1964 as a . international body.

UNICEF was created in 1946 and works for the protection of .. ..

Match the following:

a) that is internal to the procurement entity.

b) ability to support non-tangible requirements of e-procurement.

3. The price of an item in the

c) promote fair competition both nationally & internationally.

d) that are incurred when changing to a new supplier.

f) where the borrower follow the lenders procedure.

g) reflects the balance between demand and supply

h) is an arena for potential exchange.

i) provide much needed assistance to developing nations.

j) factors that generate competitive advantage in supply market.

Briefly explain any five from the following

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS MANAGEMENT

GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN PUBLIC PROCUREMENT

International Procurement & E- Procurement

State True or False:

Fill in the blanks:

Match the following:

1. The funded Project

a) is that portion seen by the world.

b) can be shown by delivering key functionalities

c) became operational in the year 1963

d) provide much needed assistance to developing countries.

e) are multinational institutions to assist in financing of infrastructure