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Lhua@mail.hust.edu.cn
9744103@163.com
I. INTRODUCTION
The matrix converter was first introduced by Venturini [1].
It has evolved into a direct ac-ac converter which converts
the ac line voltage to a variable-voltage variable-frequency
source without an intermediate DC-link circuit and has the
following advantages: sinusoidal input and output
waveforms; bidirectional power flow; controllable input
power factor; high reliability; and more compact design.
The common-mode voltage produced by a modern power
converter has been reported as a main source of early motor
winding failure and bearing deterioration. Furthermore, the
presence of high frequency and large magnitude of commonmode voltage at the motor neutral point have been shown to
generate high frequency leakage current to ground path as
well as induced shaft voltage [2]. Although, several methods
to reduce common-mode voltage have been proposed in
[3][4], these methods are based on voltage-controlled matrix
converter system. The research on common-mode voltage for
current-controlled matrix converter has not been reported in
published documents.
In this paper, a basic hysteresis control strategy for
current-controlled matrix converter (MC) is introduced and
discussed. In order to improve the input current quality, a
novel primary modulation strategy is proposed. That is, space
vector modulation is used for control input current, and
hysteresis current strategy with zero vectors is used for
control output current. Furthermore, an optimal modulation
strategy to reduce common-mode voltage at the output is
diA
dt
diB
= riB + L
dt
di
= riC + L C
dt
u A ucm = riA + L
uB ucm
uC ucm
(1)
a
b
c
SaA
S aB
SaC
SbA
SbB
SbC
ScA
S cB
ScC
A
ZL
Motor
Leakage Current
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ucm =
u A + u B + uC
3
(2)
ucm =
ua + ub + uc
=0
3
(3)
ucm =
ui + ui + u j
3
1
3
uij
Um
3
3
1 If iA > 0 and iA > iAup, or iA < 0 and iA < iAlow, then turn
on SAn;
2 If iA > 0 and iA < iAup, or iA < 0 and iA > iAlow, then turn
on SAp;
3 If iB > 0 and iB > iBup, or iB < 0 and iB < iBlow, then turn
on SBn;
4 If iB > 0 and iB < iBup, or iB < 0 and iB > iBlow, then turn
on SBp;
5 If iC > 0 and iC > iCup, or iC < 0 and iC < iClow, then turn
on SCn;
6 If iC > 0 and iC < iCup, or iC < 0 and iC > iClow, then turn
on SCp;
Then the switching rules of hysteresis current control for
MC can be obtained which is shown in Table I, according to
combination of above error range of hysteresis current and
input voltage sections. The combination method is mentioned
in [6][7].
ua
(4)
ub
uc
(i j i, j = a, b, c )
The magnitude of common-mode voltage generated by the
zero vectors is
ucm =
ui + ui + ui
= ui U m
3
(i = a, b, c) (5)
i Aup
irefA
S aC
S ap Sbp Scp
b
SbA
SbB
SbC
ScA
ScB
ScC
I p p S Ap SBp
SCp
I-1
I-2
I-3
I-4
I-5
I-6
A
B
b
c
c
A
TABLE I
THE SWITCHING RULES OF HYSTERESIS CURRENT CONTROL FOR MC
a
S aA
iA
C
S an Sbn S cn
S An S Bn S Cn
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1
4
6
1
3
6
2
3
6
2
3
5
2
4
5
1
4
5
U-1
U-2
U-3
U-4
U-5
U-6
caa
cca
aca
acc
aac
cac
cbb
ccb
bcb
bcc
bbc
cbc
abb
aab
bab
baa
bba
aba
acc
aac
cac
caa
cca
aca
bcc
bbc
cbc
cbb
ccb
bcb
baa
bba
aba
abb
aab
bab
u AB
ia
u AB
ia
I 2 (bc)
I 3 (ba )
IN
Ii
I1 (ac )
Ia
I 4 (ca)
I 6 ( ab)
Ic
IM
dN IN
dM IM
I 5 (cb)
Ii = d M I M + d N I N + d0 I 0
d M = TM / Ts = mi sin(60 i )
d N = TN / Ts = mi sin i
(6)
d 0 = T0 / Ts = 1 d M d N
Where, mi is the input current modulation index.
The novel primary control strategy is proposed, that is,
space vector control modulation is used for control input
current, and hysteresis current control with zero vectors is
used for control output current. The combinatorial switching
rules of novel current control strategy are shown in Table II.
The control strategy of hysteresis current with input current
vector control can be summarized as follows:
1) When the output current exceeds upper limit band, the
whole switching state will choose zero vectors;
2) When the output current is between the upper band and
lower band or crosses the lower band limit, switching states
of MC are selected based on Table II;
Simulation and experimental waveform of current and
voltage by using the novel current control strategy is shown
in Fig. 8. Apparently, the input current quality is further
improved.
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TABLE II
SWITCHING RULES OF N OVEL CURRENT CONTROL STRATEGY
Rectifier II
Rectifier III
Rectifier IV
Rectifier I
Sectioms
dM
dN
d0
dM
dN
d0
dM
dN
d0
dM
dN
Inverter 1
abb
acc
ccc
acc
bcc
ccc
bcc
baa
aaa
baa
caa
Inverter 2
aab
aac
aaa
aac
bbc
bbb
bbc
bba
bbb
bba
cca
Inverter 3
bab
cac
ccc
cac
cbc
ccc
cbc
aba
aaa
aba
aca
d0
Rectifier V
Rectifier VI
dM
dN
d0
dM
dN
d0
aaa
caa
cbb
bbb
cbb
abb
bbb
ccc
cca
ccb
ccc
ccb
aab
aaa
aaa
aca
bcb
bbb
bcb
bab
bbb
Inverter 4
baa
caa
aaa
caa
cbb
bbb
cbb
abb
bbb
abb
acc
ccc
acc
bcc
ccc
bcc
baa
aaa
Inverter 5
bba
cca
ccc
cca
ccb
ccc
ccb
aab
aaa
aab
aac
aaa
aac
bbc
bbb
bbc
bba
bbb
Inverter 6
aba
aca
aaa
aca
bcb
bbb
bcb
bab
bbb
bab
cac
ccc
cac
cbc
ccc
cbc
aba
aaa
ia
ua
uc
t
u AB
ub
Simulation waveform
ua
uc
t
uBC
ua
u AC
ub
ia
(d)
d M
N
0
2
2
2
2
2) When 0 <i< /6 and the sum of the rectifier section
and inverter section is odd, the output switching sequence
must be
d0 2 d N 1
d
d
1
2
d M
N
0
2
2
2
2
3) When /6 <i< /3 and the sum of the rectifier section
and inverter section is even, the output switching sequence
must be
d0 1 dM 2
d
d
2
1
d N
M
0
2
2
2
2
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d N
M
0
2
2
2
2
The figure over the arrow indicates switching times during
state transformation. When the zero vectors are partly used in
the switching period, the switching times are six. When the
zero vectors are used in the whole period, the switching times
are zero. Zero vectors can be chosen according to above
method.
V. SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON
COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE REDUCTION
Simulations have been built to validate proposed strategy.
Simulation parameters are: Ts=0.0001s, input phase voltage
220V/50Hz, load resistance 24, load inductance 50mH,
simulation time 0.1s.
When output frequency is 20Hz, and under the condition
of different current command, the simulation waveform of
common-mode voltage and spectrum are shown in Fig. 10. It
can be seen, under large current command, the highfrequency component (around 10kHz) of common-mode
voltage ucm is obviously restrained and the magnitude of lowfrequency component around 150Hz is decreased nearly by
50% by selecting appropriate zero vectors, and the highfrequency component of ucm is more restrained and the lowfrequency component has no change by adjusting switching
sequence. Under small current command, the harmonic
component of ucm is centralized around low frequency
Fig. 10 Common-mode voltage and spectrum simulation waveform under different current command
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RMS/(25V/m)
ucm
ucm
(70V/m)
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