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1.Whichoneofthefollowingisnotcorrect?
(a)Growthisquantitativeandvalueneutral.
(b)Developmentmeansaqualitativechangewhichisalwaysvaluepositive.
(c)Positivegrowthanddevelopmentrefertochangesoveraperiodoftime.
(d)Bothgrowthanddevelopmentrefertochangesoveraperiodoftime.
Answer (c) Positive growth and development refer to changes over a period of
time.
Exp:Developmentoccurswhenpositivegrowthtakesplace.Yet,positivegrowth
doesnotalwaysleadtodevelopment.Developmentoccurswhenthereisapositive
changeinquality.Hence,correctanswerisoption(c)

2. Which one of the following introduced the concept of Human

Development?
(a)PaulKrugman.
(b)Dr.MahbubUlHaq.
(c)Prof.AmartyaSen.
(d)Ratzel.
Answer(b)Dr.MahbubUlHaq.
Exp.:PakistanieconomistDr.MahububUlHaqintroducedtheconceptofHuman
Development Index in 1990 According to him, development is all about enlarging
peopleschoicesinordertoleadlonghealthyliveswithdignity.TheUnitedNations
DevelopmentProgrammehasusedhisconceptofHumanDevelopmenttopublish
the Human. Development Report annually since 1990. Hence, the correct answer
isoption(b)
3. The Human Development Index (HDI) ranks the countries based on their
performanceinthekeyareasof.....
1.Health.
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2.Sexratio.
3.Education.
4.Accesstoresources.
Code:
(a)1,2and3only
(b)2,3and4only
(c)1,3and4only
(d)1,2and4only
Answer(c)1,3and4only
Exp: The Human Development Index (HDI) ranks the countries based on their
performance in the key areas of health, education and access to resources. The
indicatorchosentoassesshealthisthelifeexpectancyatbirth.Theadultliteracy
rate and the gross enrolment ratio represent access to knowledge. Access to
resources is measured in terms of purchasing power (in U.S dollars). Hence, the
correctanswerisoption(c)
4.WithreferencetoHumanDevelopmentIndex(HDI),considerthefollowing
statements:
1.HDIrankingarebasedonascorebetween0to1.
2.EachdimensionofHDIisgivenaweightageof1/3.
Whichoftheabovegivenstatement(s)is/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
Answer(c)Both1and2
Exp:HDIrankingsarebasedonascorebetween0to1thatacountryearnsfrom
its record in the key areas of human development. Each dimension is given a
weightageof1/3.TheHDIisasumtotaloftheweightsassignedtoalldimension.
Hence,correcttheanswerisoption(c)
5. With reference to the Human Poverty Index, consider the following
statements:
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1.ItisusedbytheUNDPtomeasurehumandevelopment.
2.Itisanonincomemeasure.
3. Often the Human Poverty Index is less revealing than the Human
DevelopmentIndex.
Whichoftheabovegivenstatementsis/arecorrect?
(a)1&2Only
(b)1&3Only
(c)2&3Only
(d)1,2&3
Answer(a)1&2Only
Exp:TheHumanPovertyIndexisrelatedtotheHumanDevelopmentIndex.This
indexmeasurestheshortfallinhumandevelopment.Itisanoneconomicmeasure.
Theprobabilityofnonservingfilltheageof40,theadultliteracyrate,thenumber
ofpeoplewhodonothaveaccesstocleanwaterandthenumberofsmallchildren
who are underweight are all taken into account to show the shortfall in human
developmentinanyregion.OftentheHumanPovertyIndexismorerevealingthan
the Human Development Index and Human Poverty index are two important
indices to measure human development uses by the UNDP. Hence, the correct
answerisoption(a)
6.WhatdiscouragewomantomigratefromruraltourbanareasinIndia?
1.Shortageofhousing.
2.Highcostofliving.
3.Paucityofjobopportunities.
4.Lackofsecurityincities.
Code:
(a)1,2and3
(b)2,3and4
(c)1,3and4
(d)1,2,3and4
Answer(d)1,2,3and4
Exp: Migration of woman either for education or employment enhances their
autonomyandroleintheeconomybutalsoincreasestheirvulnerabilityshortageof
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housing, high cost of living. Paucity of Job opportunities, lack of security in cities
aresomeofthefactorsthatdiscouragethemigrationofwomanfromruraltourban
areas.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(d)

7.Considerthefollowingstatements:
1. Climate and availability of water largely determines the pattern of the
populationdistribution.
2.Densityofpopulationhelpsingettingabetterunderstandingofthespatial
distributionofpopulationinrelationtoland
Whichofthestatement(s)givenaboveis/arecorrect/
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
Answer(c)Both1and2
Exp: An extreme climate such as very hot or cold deserts are uncomfortable for
human habitation. Areas with a comfortable climate, where there is not much
seasonalvariation,attractmorepeople.Peopleprefertoliveinareaswherefresh
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water is easily available. River valleys are among the most densely populated
areasoftheworld.Spatialdistributionofpopulationcanbebetterunderstoodwith
thehelpofdensityofpopulation.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(c)
8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrect?
1.Migrationleadstotheredistributionofthepopulationwithinacountry.
2.Migrantsactasagentsofsocialchange.
3.Migrationleadstosegregationofpeoplefromdiversecultures.
Code:
(a)Only1and2
(b)Only1and3
(c)Only2and3
(d)1,2and3
Answer(a)Only1and2
Exp:Migration leads to the intermixing of people from diverse culture. It has
positive contribution such as evolution of composite culture and breaking through
thenarrowconsiderationsandwidensupthementalhorizonofthepeopleatlarge
But it also has serious negative consequences such as anonymity which creates
socialvacuumandsenseofdejectionamongindividuals.Migrantsactasagentsof
social change. The hew ideas related to new technologies, family planning girls
educationetc.Getdiffusedfromurbantoruralareasthroughthem.Migrationalso
leads to the redistribution of the population within a country. Hence, the correct
answerisoption(a)
9.Considerthefollowingstatements:
1. The amount of remittance sent by the international migrants is very
meagreascomparedtointernalmigrants.
2. Migration is a response to the uneven distribution of opportunities over
space.
Whichofthestatement(s)givenaboveis/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
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Answer(b)Only2
Exp: The amount of remittances sent by the internal migrants is very meagre as
comparedtointernationalmigrants.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(b)
10.Considerthefollowingstatements:
1.Reasonformigrationofmalesandfemalesaredifferent.
2. Work and employment have remained the main cause for female
migration.
Whichofthestatement(s)givenaboveis/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
Answer(a)Only1
Exp: Reasons for the migration of male and female are different. Work and
employmenthaveremainedthemaincauseformalemigrationwhileitcontributes
littleforfemalemigration.Contrarytothisgreaterpercentoffemalemoveoutfrom
their parental houses following marriage. This is the most important cause in the
ruralareasofIndia.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(a)
11. Which of the following are pull factors for majority of rural migrants to
urbanareas?
1.Betteropportunities
2.Availabilityofregularwork
3.Education.
4.Sourcesofentertainment
Code:
(a)Only1,2and3
(b)Only1,2,and4
(c)Only3and4
(d)1,2,3and4
Answer(d)1,2,3and4
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Exp: The important pull factor for majority of rural migrants to urban areas is the
betteropportunities,availabilityofregularworkandrelativelyhigherwages,better
opportunities for education, better health facilities and sources of entertainment.
Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(d)
12.WhichofthefollowingarethefactorsthatledpeopleinIndiatomigrate
fromruraltourbanareas?
1.Poverty
2.Education
3.Highpopulationpressureontheland.
4.Lackofbasicinfrastructuralfacilities.
Code:
(a)Only1,2and3
(b)Only1,2and4
(c)Only3and4
(d)1,2,3and4
Answer(d)1,2,3and4
Exp:InIndiapeoplemigratefromruraltourbanareasmainlyduetopovertyhigh
population pressure on the land lack of basic infrastructural facilities like health
care, education, natural disasters such as flood, drought, cyclonic storms.
Earthquake,tsunami,warsandlocalconflicts.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption
(d)
13.Considerthefollowingstatements:
1. Migration has been an integral part and a very important factor in
redistributingpopulationovertimeandspace.
2. India has witnessed the waves of migrants coming to the country from
centralandwestAsiaandalsofromsoutheastAsia.
Whichofthestatement(s)givenaboveis/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
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Answer(c)Both1and2
Exp:Migrationleadstotheredistributionofthepopulation.Ruralurbanmigration
is one of the important factors contributing to the population growth of cities. Age
andskillselectiveoutmigrationfromtheruralareahaveadverseeffectontherural
demographic structure Thus both the statements are correct. Hence, the correct
answerisoption(c)
14.Considerthefollowingstatements:
1.Mainworkerisapersonwhoworksatleast183daysinayear.
2. In the context of a country like India, the work participation rate tends to
belowerintheareasoflowerlevelsofeconomicdevelopment.
Whichofthestatement(s)givenaboveis/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
Answer(a)Only1
Exp:InthecontextofacountrylikeIndia,theworkparticipationratelendstobe
higher in the areas of lower levels of economic development since the number of
manual workers are needed to perform the subsistence or near subsistence
economicactivities.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(a)
15. World Development Report has projected that population of India will
touch1,350millionby.....
(a)2020
(b)2025
(c)2030
(d)2035
Answer(b)2025
Exp: World Development Report has projected that population of India will touch
1,350 million by 2025. The World Banks Annual World Development Report
Provides a wide international readership with an extraordinary window on
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development economics. Each year, the report focuses on a specific aspect of

development.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoptions(b)
16. With reference to growth of population in India, consider the following
pairs:
1.19011921Periodofstagnantgrowthofpopulation.
2.19211951Periodofpopulationexplosion.
3.19511981Periodofsteadypopulationgrowth.
Whichoftheabovegivenpairsis/arecorrectlymached?
(a)Only1
(b)Only1and2
(c)Only3
(d)1,2and3
Answer(a)Only1
Exp:
19011921Periodofstagnantgrowthofpopulation.
19211951Periodofsteadypopulationgrowth.
19511981Periodofpopulationexplosion.
Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(a)

17. Which of the following factors were responsible for the period of
stagnantgrowthofIndiaspopulationfrom19011921?
1.Poorhealthandmedicalservices.
2.Illiteracyofpeopleatlarge.
3.Inefficientdistributionsystemoffoodandotherbasicnecessities.
Code:
(a)Only1and2
(b)Only1and3
(c)Only2and3
(d)1,2and3
Answer(d)1,2and3
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Exp: The Period from 19011921 is referred to as a period of stagnant or

stationary phase of growth of Indias population, since in the period growth rate
was very low, even recording a negative growth rate during 19111921. Both the
birth rate and death rate were high keeping the rate of increase low. Poor health
and medical services, illiteracy of people at large and insufficient distribution
systemoffoodandotherbasicnecessitieswerelargelyresponsibleforahighbirth
anddeathratesinthisperiod.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(d)
18.Considerthefollowingstatement:
1.Agriculturalpopulationincludescultivatorsandagriculturallabourersand
theirfamilymembers.
2.Populationdoublingtimeisthetimetakenbyanypopulationtodoubleit
selfatitscurrentannualgrowthrate.
Whichofthestatement(s)givenaboveis/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
Answer(c)Both1and2
Exp: There is a great variation among regions in doubling their population.
Developedcountriesaretakingmoretimetodoubletheirpopulationsascompared
to developing countries. Most of the population growth is taking place in the
developing world. Agricultural population include cultivators and agricultural
labourersandtheirfamilymembers.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(c)
19.Considerthefollowingstatements:
1. The first population census in India was conducted in 1872 but its first
completecensuswasconductedonlyin1891.
2.Indiahasahighlyevenpatternofpopulationdistribution.
Whichofthestatement(s)givenaboveis/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
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(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
Answer(d)Neither1nor2
Exp: The first population census in India was conducted in 1872 but its first
complete census was conducted only in 1881. Therefore, statement 1 is not
correct. India has a highly uneven pattern of population distribution. Therefore,
statement2isalsonotcorrect.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(d)
20.Considerthefollowingstatements:
1.Birthrateisthenumberoflivebirthsperlakhpersonsinayear.
2.TheIndia,sexratioisdefinedasthenumberoffemalesper1000malesin
thepopulation.
Whichoftheabovegivenstatement(s)is/arecorrect?
(a)Only1
(b)Only2
(c)Both1and2
(d)Neither1nor2
Answer(b)Only2
Exp: Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. The
number of women and men in a country is an important demographic
characteristic.Theratiobetweenthenumberofwomenandmeninthepopulation
iscalledthesexratio.Insomecountriesitiscalculatedasthenumberofmalesper
thousand females. In India the sex ratio is defined as the number of females per
thousandmales.Hence,thecorrectanswerisoption(b)

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