WRITING SKILLS- LINKING IDEAS

SEQUENCING
Firstly

CAUSE AND EFFECT

Because of

CONTRAST

GIVING EXAMPLES

On the other hand

ADDITIONAL POINTS
In addition

therefore

SEQUENCING

CONTRAST

GIVING EXAMPLES

Firstly

On the other hand

For example

First of all

However

For instance

Secondly,

whereas

Such as

Last of all,

but

Finally

although
nevertheless

CAUSE AND EFFECT

ADDITIONAL POINTS

because

and

Because of

Additionally

Due to

also

For this reason

Furthermore

therefore

In addition

CONTRASTING IDEAS OR INFORMATION

1. The product was designed in the UK, but/however it was produced in China.
2. Although/however the product was designed in the UK, it was made in China.
3. Effective web design is an essential part of advertising. However/but many companies still do not
fully understood its importance.

4. The Chinese prefer simple web page layout, whereas/nevertheless Europeans prefer more detail.
CAUSE AND EFFECT
1. We have had to delay the launch of our new customer service help-line, due
to/because staff shortages.
2. They cancelled the flight because/due to it was so foggy.
3. The flight was delayed for 6 hours and therefore/nevertheless she was late for the
opening.
4. The flight was delayed for 6 hours therefore/nevertheless she made it to the meeting
5. Davis is off work today so/because I cant contact him.

6. I cant get in touch with Davis today because/so hes off sick
KEY
CONTRASTING IDEAS OR INFORMATION
5. The product was designed in the UK, but it was produced in China.
6. Although the product was designed in the UK, it was made in China.
7. Effective web design is an essential part of advertising. However many companies still do not fully
understood its importance.

8. The Chinese prefer simple web page layout, whereas Europeans prefer more detail.
CAUSE AND EFFECT
7. We have had to delay the launch of our new customer service help-line, due to staff
shortages.
8. They cancelled the flight because it was so foggy.

9. The flight was delayed for 6 hours and therefore she was late for the opening.
10. The flight was delayed for 6 hours nevertheless she made it to the meeting
11. Davis is off work today so I cant contact him.

12. I cant get in touch with Davis today because hes off sick
and because therefore however so that

Dear Ms Tanaka,
I am really sorry to tell you that I have to postpone my visit to your offices next week __1__
two of my colleagues are off sick, and ___2___ I need to stay in the office while they are away.
__3__ I am still very keen to meet you soon __4__ discuss plans for the launch of your Tokyo store. I really
hope we can fix a meeting for the week after next, by which time I hope my colleagues will be back at work.
Please let me know when would be convenient for you __5__ we can fix an appointment.
I apologise for the inconvenience and look forward to hearing from you soon.

Dear Ms Tanaka,
I am really sorry to tell you that I have to postpone my visit to your offices next week because two of my
colleagues are off sick, and therefore I need to stay in the office while they are away.
However, I am still very keen to meet you soon and discuss plans for the launch of your Tokyo store. I really
hope we can fix a meeting for the week after next, by which time I hope my colleagues will be back at work.
Please let me know when would be convenient for you so that we can fix an appointment.
I apologise for the inconvenience and look forward to hearing from you soon.

Best regards,
Bridget Schwarz.