SOUTHEAST ASIAN FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT CENTER

AQUACULTURE DEPARTMENT
BINANGONAN FRESHWATER STATION
Tapao Point, Brgy. Pipindan, Binangonan, Rizal

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) and

Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Genetics
With Following Approach in Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) Molting Research
NARRATIVE REPORT
April 11 May 6, 2016
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Completion of OJT-Practicum

SAMUEL C. BRILLO
BS Biology, Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila College of Science
Trainee, SEAFDEC/AQD BFS Genetics Section

INTRODUCTION
The Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) is an independent organization well
established in 1967. Member countries consist of the following: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia,
Japan, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Center operates
through the Secretariat located in Thailand and has four Technical Departments, specifically: the Training
Department (TD); the Marine Fisheries Research Department (MFRD); the Aquaculture Department (AQD);
the Marine Fishery Resources Development and Management Department (MFRDMD); and the Inland
Fishery Resources Development and Management Department (IFRDMD).
Aquaculture Department (AQD) was established in the Philippines in 1973 which has been carrying
out research, technology verification, training and information dissemination on a wide range of aquaculture
disciplines, including broodstock administration and seed quality development, promotion of responsible,
accountable and environment-friendly aquaculture, diagnosis and control of aquatic diseases, aquaculture
for stock enrichment, and culture of aquatic species under global concerns. The aquaculture commodities
covered by AQD include fishes, shrimps, mud crab, mollusks, and seaweeds. In addition, AQD also promotes

good aquaculture practices and effective management of aquatic resources to support rural growth and
alleviate poverty.

OBJECTIVES

To be able to accomplish tasks effectively and efficiently.

To be able to work with inner peace and harmony despite of environmental stresses.

To be able to apply the skills learned in academic subjects under BS Biology program to the
workplace.

To be able to exercise well companionship between the staffs, officers and workmates station.

To be able to gain fruitful ideas, prolific knowledge and practical skills in the field of aquaculture.

To absorb and apply the different professional values and virtues with competence under different
working status.

To be able to cope and adapt to the daily changes and struggles throughout the training.

To determine the incoming goals as a student working inside the station.

To gain insights in creating a good thesis topic after the practicum.

OBJECTIVES OF THE GENETICS SECTION

To determine the breeding capacity of Isabela strain giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium
rosenbergii and develop breeding strategies to achieve economic, marketable quality and
sustainable aquaculture.

To monitor and control the water quality (temperature, salinity, pH and ammonia levels) of ulang
larvae and breeders tanks to maintain its normal environment.

To improve tilapia quality by breeding female CLSU strain and male SEAFDEC strain and analyze
possible pros and cons of the expecting offsprings.

To utilize different foods available for growing ulang larvae and observe its development.

To determine the ideal salinity level for fast molting of mud crabs Scylla serrata to achieve its fast
marketable growth in short time.

To understand the biology of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Oreochromis niloticus L. and Scylla serrata
and gain insights in researching these species.

To utilize different techniques in culturing algae to sustain the needed requirements in feeding larval
and juvenile fishes and other processes.

To study the biology of algae and gain insights in algal research.

WORK METHODOLOGY
The following are the work methodologies done during the training under genetics department.
These approaches are essential and important in achieving the outcomes of the research or activity.
NATURE OF WORK
1) Monitoring water
quality of freshwater
prawn (Macrobrachium
rosenbergii) larvae and
broodstock tanks

MATERIALS
-

pH and temperature
meter
Master Refractometer
(Salinity)
Ammonia test kit
Test tubes
Test tube brush
Dishwashing liquid
Data record book
Distilled water
Cleaning towel
Ballpen

METHODS
A.

Measuring Temperature

-Using the meter, submerge

the probe under the water.
Be careful not to slide it in
the tank floor to prevent
damage in the resistor.
-Push the measure button
and wait for the result and
record to the data book.
(FIGURE 2)
B. Measuring pH
-Same process in measuring
temperature. Wait for the pH
result and record to the data
book. (FIGURE 2)
C. Measuring Salinity
-Using the Master
Refractometer, open the
cover of the blue glass and
wash it with distilled water
and clean it using towel.
(FIGURE 3)
-With your finger, dip a
sufficient amount of water
and drop to the blue glass
and close the cover.
-Look under the
refractometer and read the
measurement under the
line.
-Record the results in the
data book.
D. Measuring Ammonia
(NH3) level
-Using the ammonia (NH3)
test kit, prepare the test
tubes and get 5ml of water
sample in each tank.
-Carefully add 7 drops of

IMPORTANCE
It is important to monitor
the water quality of
larvae and broodstock
tanks to (1) ensure the
natural environment
needed for the prawns to
grow, breed, hatch and
develop (2) to prevent
death of prawns.

Temperature and pH is
important in both larvae
and broodstocks. Higher
temperature (eg, in
summer) the larvae tend
to grow faster and the
eggs are rapid to hatch.
Normal temperature
range from 25 to 29
degrees (larvae) and 27
to 34 (broodstocks).
Normal pH range from 7
to 8 (larvae and
broodstocks).
The desired salinity for
the larvae to grow and
develop is 12. Salinity
levels higher than 14-15
is not tolerable and must
be immediately changed
back to normal.
Too much ammonia in
larvae and broodstock
tanks is toxic to the
prawns so it must be
monitored. Desired
ammonia levels are

ammonia solution bottle #1

then add 7 drops of
ammonia solution bottle #2
in each test tube and shake
well. (FIGURE 4
-Wait for 5 minutes.
-To know the ammonia level,
use a particular ammonia
level card (freshwater or
saltwater). (FIGURE 4.1)

between 0 to 0.25.
PH and ammonia is
measured every Tuesday
and Thursday.
Temperature and salinity
is measured every day.

-Record the results in data

book.
2) Weighing feeds for
tilapia and freshwater
prawns

-Analytical balance
-Feed pellets
-Feed containers

A. Weighing of tilapia and

freshwater prawn feeds.
-Turn on the analytical
balance.
-Put the feed containers and
tare.
-Get amounts of feeds until
the feed ration/rate weight
is achieved. Note that feeds
of tilapia and prawn feeds
are different.

Food is important for the

tilapia and prawns to
grow. Specific feed
ration/rates must be
considered to prevent
overfeeding and
overfeed wastes.
Weighing is done
whenever the containers
are needed to be refilled.

-Repeat until the feed

containers are filled.
(FIGURE 5)
3) Feeding tilapia and
freshwater prawn
broodstrocks

-Feed containers with pellets

A. Feeding tilapia and

freshwater prawn
broodstocks
-Get the feed containers with
pellets.
-In prawns, pour the pellets
in the square. (FIGURE 6)
-In tilapia, throw the pellets
in the middle of the water.

Feeding must be done in

time to prevent the
species to starve and
die.
In ulang breeders, the
feeds weigh 1.5% and
3% of their body weight.
1.5% is served Monday
to Thursday and 3% is
served Friday.

4) Sampling of ulang for

stocking

-Male and female ulang

-Analytical balance
-1L Beaker
-Net
-Cloth gloves
-Ruler
-Towel
-Pail with water
-Aerator
-Data record book
-Ballpen

-The stocking density for

each tank is 4 females per 1
male.
-Each ulang must undergo
sampling.
-Get the ulang using net and
transfer it to pail with water.
-Go to the Genetics
Laboratory. Aerate the pail
and get each prawn, one by
one. Remember to take care
of each prawn to prevent
stress. Hold the prawn in
their head.
-Measure the length and
weight of each prawn.
(FIGURE 7)

Sampling is important to
know their body
measurement. It will be
also the basis in
calculating the specific
feeding rate per day.
For the berried females
(pregnant), it is
separated from the
broodstocks, and then
transferred to individual
tanks where they will
hatch their eggs and wait
for the larvae to spawn.

-For length, start from the

rostrum/horn and end the
measurement in the
uropods/tail. Record the
length.
-For weight, use the
analytical balance. Get a 1
liter beaker and add
sufficient amount of water,
then place it to the balance
and tare. After tare, put the
ulang carefully and record
the weight.
-For female ulang, check if
its berried (meaning, it has
eggs) and note the color.
5) Counting newly
spawned freshwater
prawn larvae

-Counter
-Small basin with larvae
-50 ml beaker
-Count glass
-Aerator
-Larval rearing record book
-Ballpen
-Labeling tape
-Marker
-Scissors

A. Counting newly spawned

freshwater prawn larvae
-Get the small basin with 3
liters of water with larvae in
mothers section.
-Aerate and disperse the
larvae until they are evenly
distributed inside the small
tank.
-Using 50 ml beaker, collect
50 ml of water with larvae in
the tank.
-Pour small amount in count
glass and count using
counter.
-After counting, transfer the
larvae back to the small

Counting the spawned

larvae is important to
separate them equally in
respective tanks to
prevent overcrowding
when transferred and
excessive cannibalism
during growth and
development.

tank and repeat the process

of counting until there is no
larva left.
-Record the number of
larvae.
-Repeat the fourth process
two times until you get 3
batches of count. (FIGURE 8)
B. Calculating EC (Estimate
Count)
-Find the sum and mean of 3
batches of count.
-Multiply the sum to 3000
and divide it to 50 and
divide again to 3. The
answer is the estimate
count.
C. Labeling the counted
larvae tank
-Cut a length from a labeling
tape.
-Label the tank using the
format:
STRAIN/TANK
NUMBER/DATE/ESTIMATE
COUNT (PCS)
(FIGURE 9)
-Transfer the basin to larval
rearing tanks section.
(FIGURE 1)
6) Culturing brine shrimps
Artemia sp.

-Artemia cysts
-Artemia tank

-Get Artemia cysts can inside

the refrigerator.

-Water

-Collect 25 ml of cysts.

-50 ml Beaker

-Prepare Artemia tanks with

water.

-Aerator

-Pour the cysts in water.

-They will hatch after a day.

7) Cleaning of larvae
tanks

-Siphon
-Basin
-Cup

-Check for the tanks that are

not clean.
-Siphon the bottom of the
tanks until the wastes are
cleared.
-Look for the larvae that
were sucked by the siphon.

Brine shrimps are one of

the foods preferred by
freshwater prawn larvae
aside of natural algae
and egg custard. It is
easy to grow and culture
but a little expensive.
(FIGURE 10)
Wastes are one of the
factors that affect levels
of pH and ammonia in
water. Biological and
feed wastes must be
eliminated in tanks.
Siphoning is an easy way
to clean the tanks to

8) Autoclaving glasswares,
reagents and materials

Using the cup, get the larvae

and transfer them back to
their tank.

prevent pollution and

avoid decreasing the
water quality.

-Autoclave (FIGURE 11)

A. Autoclaving glassware

-Glassware and materials to

be sterilized

-Conceal the opening of

cleaned glassware using foil
and cover the body with
newspaper.

-Put them all to the metal

basket.

Reagents, materials and

empty glasswares such
as beakers, flasks, test
tubes and pipettes must
be autoclaved and
sterilized before using
them to prevent
contamination for
example, during
culturing of algae or
making algae culture
media.

-Before transferring the

materials to autoclave,
make sure that the metal
bar in the bottom is
submerged in the water and
the water level is not high or
not low.

NOTE: Autoclaving SOLID

and LIQUID materials
should be separated
because each one has
different sterilization
settings. (FIGURE 12)

-Newspapers
-Aluminum foils

-For pipettes, group and

cover them with newspaper.
1 group can contain 10
pipettes.

-Close the lid and lock and

set to SOLID.
B. Autoclaving reagents and
media
-Conceal the opening of
reagents and media in
flask/test
tube/beaker/bottle using
foil and cover the body with
newspaper.
-Put them all to the metal
basket.
-Before transferring the
materials to autoclave,
make sure that the metal
bar in the bottom is
submerged in the water and
the water level is not high or
not low.
-Close the lid and lock and
set to LIQUID.
9) Monitoring water
quality of mud crabs
(Scylla serrata)

-pH and temperature meter

-Master Refractometer
-Data record book
-Ballpen

Monitoring process same as

freshwater prawn. (FIGURE
13)

Mud crabs can tolerate

two times the salinity
level of larvae prawns. In
the experiment, 4 rows
of tanks with different
levels of salinity: 10 ppt,
20 ppt, 30 ppt and 40

-Cleaning towel

ppt respectively.
Monitoring salinity is very
important because it is
the main factor in
considering the molting
process of the mud
crabs.
Temperature, pH and
salinity are measured
every day.
Ammonia is measured
when needed.

10) Feeding mud crabs

(FIGURE 13.1)

-Fish or squid meal

-Forceps

-Remove the cage from the

tank.
-Carefully open each cages
and remove the leftovers
using forceps.

It is important to feed
the crabs in order for
them to live.

-Insert the meal inside the

cage using forceps.
Remember that the meal
needed for crabs is 2% of
their body weight. Estimate.
11) Observing algae under
microscope

-Algae culture

A. Observation of algae

-Microscope

-First, choose live algae

culture.

-Glass slides
-Cover slips
-Pipette or dropper

-With the dropper, collect a

small amount enough to
drop in the glass slide.
-Cover the glass slide with
cover slips.

In studying algae, it is
important to know and
familiarize their defining
morphological
characteristics. One way
to observe them is to
look these algae under
the microscope.

-Place the slide in the stage

of the microscope.
-Observe under scanner,
LPO and HPO. (FIGURE 14)
-To identify the species, refer
to the algae atlas. (FIGURE
15)
12) Making artificial
saltwater

-Artificial sea water

formulation
-Water source
-Basin or pail
-Cup

A.

Preparing water

-To make artificial seawater,

first you need to know how
many liters of water and ppt
are required. You can refer
to the artificial sea water
formulation provided.

Some aquatic species

need a particular salinity
level in order to live. In
Macrobrachium
rosenbergii larvae, 12
ppt is the ideal salinity
level while in Scylla

-Filter cloth

(FIGURE 16)

-Reagents
Sodium chloride
(NaCl)
Magnesium sulfate
(MgSO47H2O)
Magnesium chloride
(MgCl26H2O)
Calcium chloride
(CaCl2H2O)
Potassium chloride
(KCl)
Sodium bicarbonate
(NaHCO3)
Potassium bromide
(KBr)

serrata, 24 ppt is the

desired level of salinity.

B. Weighing reagents
-Each reagent has a specific
amount required to make
artificial seawater. Refer to
the formulation.
-Prepare the analytical
balance.
-Place the basin to the
balance and tare.
-Put amounts of reagent
until the required
measurement is sufficed.
-Repeat the process for all
the reagents. Make sure
they are separated to each
basin to prevent
unnecessary chemical
reactions.

To solve this problem,

artificial seawater can be
readily made to mimic
the natural environment
the particular species
needed.
We can refer to the
formulated artificial
seawater recipe in
preparing them.
Aeration is important
after mixing all the
reagents to lessen the
ammonia and add
oxygen to the water.

C. Mixing of reagents
-Usually, all the reagents are
in powder/flakes/salt form.
Before transferring them to
the water source, dissolve
the chemicals in water.
-After the chemicals were
dissolved, you can now
transfer the reagents to the
water source. DONT
DIRECTLY PUT THE
CHEMICALS IN WATER. Use
a filter cloth to sift
unnecessary objects and dirt
than can damage the quality
of the artificial seawater.
-Aerate the water source
after transferring all the
reagents. (FIGURE 17)
13) Culturing algae

-Inoculum (algae source)

A. Subculturing algae

-Beaker, flask, ketchup

bottles

-To subculture an algae

species, you need a 1 liter of
inoculum.

-Alcohol lamp
-Lighter
-Pipettes
-Aspirator

-Divide the inoculum into 4

subcultures, for example.
Get 4 flasks, and fill each
flask with 250 ml of
inoculum.

Microalgae are an
important food source
and feed additive in the
commercial rearing of
many aquatic animals,
especially the larvae and
spat of bivalve molluscs,
penaeid prawn larvae
and live food organisms
such as rotifers. The

-Gloves
-Lab gown
-BRSP media/AES media
-Fertilizer
-Label sticker

-Add the BRSP media for

most algae, AES media for
Microcystis sp. up to the
mark.
-If desired, add fertilizer for
fast blooming of algae.
Usually, fertilizers such as
NPK or Calcium+Zinc are
added 0.1g/L.
-Label the culture.

importance of algae in
aquaculture is not
surprising as algae are
the natural food source
of these animals.
Although several
alternatives for algae
exist such as yeasts and
microencapsulated
feeds, live algae are still
the best and the
preferred food source.

B. Scaling-up algae
-Scaling-up is a process
where a starting inoculum
will be transferred into a
large volume of media and
letting the culture grow in
time.
-To scale-up, get the starting
inoculum contained in test
tubes.

Scaling-up of culture is
done according to
demand. Before scalingup, starter cultures are
monitored to check for
contamination and to
select the quality of seed
for the next batch of
cultures. (FIGURE 18)

-The ratio for scaling-up is

9:1. (for example, 90mL of
media per 10mL of
inoculum).
-Prepare ketchup bottles. In
this case, 5 ketchup bottles
for 5 test tubes containing
10mL of inoculum.
-Light up the alcohol lamp.
Flame-sterilize first the
opening of the test tube
before getting the inoculum
using the pipette.
-Transfer the inoculum to the
ketchup bottle. Make sure
the opening of the ketchup
bottle is also flamesterilized.
-Add 90mL of media then
flame-sterilize again.
-Cover the ketchup bottle
with cotton and conceal with
aluminum foil then label.

14) Preparing BRSP and

AES media for culturing
algae

-BRSP media formula

A. Preparing BRSP media

-BRSP reagents

-Prepare the reagents

needed.

-AES media formula

-Get 1ml of each reagent

In culturing algae, it is
important to have a
culture media reagent
for them to grow. BRSP
media is formulated and

-AES reagents
-Individual pipettes for
individual reagents, sterilized
-1L beaker or flask, sterilized
-Magnetic stirrer or sterilized
stirring rod
-Distilled water
-Aluminum foil
-Autoclave

and transfer to a beaker

containing 1 L of distilled
water. Make sure each
reagent has its own pipette
to avoid chemical reactions
or contaminations.

readily made which can

culture different
common freshwater
algae. AES media is
specifically made for
Microcystis sp.

-Put the beaker in the

magnetic stirrer. This will
help the reagents mix
together.
-You can add Conwy media
for enrichment.

-Conwy media

-Close the beaker using

aluminum foil.
-Sterilize.
B. Preparing AES media
-Same process as BRSP, but
reagents are different. Refer
to the formula.

REPORT OF WORK
The figure below is the timetable of work done throughout the practicum. To complete the
160-hour requirement, each day has 8 working hours which is expected to complete in 4 weeks.
FIRST WEEK (April 11-15)

4/11
MONDAY
Orientation with
Mrs. MH Stinson
Assignment of
duties
Introduction to
Tilapia and
Freshwater
Prawn Genetics
and Phycology
laboratory
Culturing algae:
Chlorella sp.
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Cleaning of
pipettes
Sterilization of
glasswares

4/12
TUESDAY
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity, pH and
ammonia of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Cleaning of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Weighing ulang
breeders feeds
according to
feeding rate per
day/second
sampling
Ayungin algae
feeding
Monitoring algae
cultures

4/13
WEDNESDAY
Feeding Artemia
to larvae and
post larvae
Macrobrachium
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae, 2nd
sampling, Tank
9. EC: 12,680.
Weighing Tilapia
feeds
Culturing
Nannochlorum
sp.
Separating pulp,

4/14
THURSDAY
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity, pH and
ammonia of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae, 3rd
sampling, Tank
9. EC: 17,620.
Preparing
artificial
saltwater
Preparing BRSP
media
Weighing Mac.
Feeds
Feeding Mac.
Breeders

4/15
FRIDAY
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Weighing Mac.
Feeds
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae. 4th
sampling, Tank
9. EC: 20,140.
Subculturing
Chlorella sp.
Autoclaving
flasks
Labeling fish
organ samples
Monitoring algae
cultures

Introduction to
biofloctechnology
Distributing
bioflocs to setups
Measuring
bioflocs using
imhoff tubes
Feeding ayungin
larvae with
filtered algae

seed and epicarp

of calamansi
(Citrus
microcarpa)
Feeding
Macrobrachium
breeders
Monitoring algae
cultures

Monitoring
temperature of
Mac. breeder
tanks
Monitoring algae
cultures

SECOND WEEK (April 18-22)

4/18
MONDAY
Monitoring
temperature
and salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Weighing Mac.
Feeds
Making artificial
seawater
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae. 5th
sampling, Tank
9. EC: 31,780.
Sampling of
female prawns
(total length and
weight) after
giving birth to
offsprings
Weighing Mac.
And tilapia
feeds
Feeding Mac.
breeders
Monitoring
temperature of
Mac. breeder
tanks
Monitoring
algae cultures

4/19
TUESDAY
Monitoring
temperature
and salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Weighing Mac.
Feeds
Weighing Mac.
And tilapia
feeds
Feeding Mac.
breeders
Monitoring
temperature of
Mac. breeder
tanks
Monitoring
algae cultures

4/20
WEDNESDAY
Monitoring
temperature
and salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae tanks
Weighing Mac.
Feeds
Separating live
and
dead
ayungin fishes
Counting
of
tilapia
(Oreochromis
niloticus) eggs
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae.
6th
sampling, Tank
4. EC: 21,980.
Measuring size
of tilapia ova
Making
AES
medium
for
algae culture,
Microcystis sp.
Autoclaving
glasswares
Sampling
of
female prawns
(total length and
weight)
after
giving birth to
offsprings
Feeding
and
monitoring
of
Macrobrachium
breeders

4/21
THURSDAY
Culturing
algae,
Chroococcus
sp.
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity,
pH
and ammonia
levels
of
Macrobrachiu
m larvae and
breeder tanks
Counting
ayungin
Leiopotherapo
n
plumbeus
larvae
Counting
of
newly
spawned
Macrobrachiu
m larvae. 7th
sampling. EC:
28,800.
Feeding
of
Tilapia
and
Macrobrachiu
m breeders
Monitoring
algae cultures

4/22
FRIDAY
Culturing
Chlorella and
Nannochlorum
sp.
Monitoring
temperature
and salinity of
Macrobrachiu
m larvae and
breeder tanks
Feeding
Tilapia and
Macrobrachiu
m breeders
Monitoring
algae cultures
Counting of
newly
spawned
Macrobrachiu
m larvae. 8th
sampling. EC:
22,660.

Feeding
of
tilapia
(O.
niloticus)
Monitoring
algae cultures

THIRD WEEK (April 25-29)

4/25
MONDAY
Making artificial
seawater, 40 ppt.
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Weighing feeds
for tilapia and
ulang
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae. 9th
sampling, Tank
6. EC: 18,720.
10th sampling,
Tank 10. EC:
16,080. 11th
sampling, Tank
11. EC: 11,340.
12th sampling,
Tank 3. EC:
13,830. 13th
sampling, Tank
4. EC: 11,610.
Monitoring algae
cultures
Making AES
media for
Microcystis sp.

4/26
TUESDAY
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity, pH and
ammonia of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds
Feeding tilapia
and ulang
breeders
Making artificial
seawater, 30 ppt.
Restoring algae
culture,
Microcystis sp.
Observing algae
Spirulina,
Microcystis and
Chroococcus
under
microscope.
Monitoring algae
cultures

4/27
WEDNESDAY
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae. 14th
sampling, Tank
2. EC: 11,440.
15th sampling,
Tank ?. EC:
8,440.
Making artificial
seawater, 12 ppt
and 24 ppt.
Autoclaving
glasswares
Restoring algae
culture, Navicula
sp.
Making BRSP
media
Feeding tilapia
and ulang
breeders
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds
Monitoring algae
cultures

4/28
THURSDAY
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity, pH and
ammonia of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Counting newly
spawned
Macrobrachium
larvae. 16th
sampling, Tank ?.
EC: 39,030.
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds
Feeding tilapia
and ulang
breeders
Introduction to
mud crab (Scylla
serrata)
experiment,
effect of different
levels of salinity
in their molting.
Separating mud
crabs into tanks
according to their
size

4/29
FRIDAY
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Making artificial
seawater, 30 ppt.
Feeding tilapia
and ulang
breeders
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds
Scaling-up
Chlorella sp.
Monitoring algae
cultures

FOURTH WEEK (May 2-6)

4/25
MONDAY
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of

4/26
TUESDAY
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity, pH and

4/27
WEDNESDAY
Monitoring
temperature and
salinity of

4/28
THURSDAY
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity, pH and

4/29
FRIDAY
Monitoring
temperature,
salinity, pH and

Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Monitoring
temperature, pH
and salinity of
mud crabs Scylla
serrata tanks
Observing
sampling of mud
crabs
Feeding tilapia
and ulang
breeders
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds
Lecture with Ms.
Joy about mud
crab salinity and
molting
experiment
Monitoring algae
cultures

ammonia of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Last female
Macrobrachium
sampling
Transferring
female
Macrobrachium
into breeder
tanks
Monitoring
temperature, pH
and salinity of
mud crabs Scylla
serrata tanks
Measuring
amount of
ammonia in mud
crab tanks
Feeding mud
crabs, tilapia and
ulang
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds
Encoding data
Monitoring algae
cultures

Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Monitoring
temperature, pH
and salinity of
mud crabs Scylla
serrata tanks
Encoding data
Feeding mud
crabs, tilapia and
ulang
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds

ammonia of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Monitoring
temperature, pH
and salinity of
mud crabs Scylla
serrata tanks
Encoding data
Feeding mud
crabs, tilapia and
ulang
Weighing tilapia
and ulang feeds

ammonia of
Macrobrachium
larvae and
breeder tanks
Monitoring
temperature, pH
and salinity of
mud crabs Scylla
serrata tanks
Encoding data
Feeding mud
crabs, tilapia and
ulang
Weighing tilapia and
ulang feeds

LIST OF FIGURES

APPENDICES
Figure 1. Data sheet for monitoring water quality of larval rearing tanks.
Tank No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Salinity

D.O.

Temperature

Salinity

D.O.

Temperature

pH

NH3

Figure 2. Data sheet for monitoring water quality of broodstock tanks.

Tank No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

D.O.

Temperature

D.O.

Temperature

pH

NH3

Figure 3. Data sheet for monitoring water quality of mud crab tanks.
Tank No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Salinity

Figure 4. Format for larval count.

SAMPLING #
TANK #/DATE
FIRST COUNT
SECOND COUNT
THIRD COUNT
SUM/MEAN
ESTIMATED COUNT

pH

Temperature

Salinity

pH

Temperature