Fire & Rescue Department

Fire Safety Management

For Construction Sites
For
KKR OSH Day

SPEAKERS PROFILE

NAME
PLACE OF WORK
POSITION
RANK
YEAR OF SERVICE
QUALIFICATION

PROFESSIONAL
AFFILIATION
CONTACT

: Khirudin Bin Drahman

: KL Fire & Department
: Director
: Senior Assistant Commissioner
: 24 Years
: Master of Science ERP (UPM)
Malaysia
: Member IFE, UK
: Member of IMDEM
: 03-21484444 (OFF)
: 012-3584737 (HP)

Thought For The Day

The first duty of business is
to survive, and the guiding
principle of business
economics is not the
maximization of profitIt
is the avoidance of loss.
Peter Drucker

MRCB VIDEO

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF MRCB BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF KKR BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF KKR BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF KKR BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF KKR BUILDING FIRE

PICTURES OF KKR BUILDING FIRE

FACTORS AFFECTING FIRE SPREAD

Building Design And Structural
Condition
Surface Spread Of Flame Over Finish
& Furnishes & Spread Of Flame
Through Unprotected Vertical
Openings
Geometric Configuration And
Arrangement Of Building Contents
Thermal Conductivity Of Building
Contents (Fire Load)
Availability Of Air Supply
Surrounding The Building Contents
(Oxygen)
Wirt Dexter Building Fire, Oct. 24,
2006, Historic Building Destroyed

Sufficient Balance Between Building

Contents And Air Flow That Sustains
Combustion

WHAT IS FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Fire safety management

system is a continuous
process
that
involves
planning, implementing
and evaluating measures
taken to reduce risks of
persons and property from
fire to a acceptable /
tolerable level
Fire at KL Sentral building

WHAT IS THE OBJECTIVES OF FIRE

SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Preventing Fires From Occurring
Protecting People & Property From Fire
Preparing For Fire Incident
Responding To Fire Incident
Recovering From Fire Incident

QUESTION.
Are you absolutely safe
from fire in your
Construction Site
YES / NO
The One Meridian Plaza Fire,
Philadelphia, February 23, 1991, 3 killed
& 24 injured firefighters, $100 million
property loss

Why

ABSOLUTELY NO, BECAUSE .

As long as there is

FIRE HAZARD there is fire risk

FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

HAZARD

DANGER

SAFE

Safety

Fire
Risk

Cause

Probability

Consequences

Prevent
So far as is

Protect

practical

Fire Safety

Exit /
Extinguish

Best practical
means

Develop An Emergency Response Plan

Monitor, Review and Update The Plan

Redniham Model

MANAGEMENT FIRE SAFETY

Legal requirement
Duty of care
Economic reasons
Social obligation

FIRE SERVICE ACT & REGULATIONS 1988

INTERPRETATION

PART 1
PRELIMINARY

Fire & Rescue Department, Malaysia

SECTION 2

INTERPRETATION
Fire Hazard means :

Any unlawful alteration to any building

which may render escape difficult or less
easy in the event of fire

The overcrowding of any place of public

entertainment or gathering in the event
of fire

Fire & Rescue Department, Malaysia

SECTION 2

INTERPRETATION (CONT)
Fire Hazard means :

Inadequate means of exit from any part

of the building to any place within or
outside the building in the event of fire

Matters / circumstances that increases

the likelihood of a fire or hamper FSD
discharging its duties in the event of fire

Fire & Rescue Department, Malaysia

SECTION 2

INTERPRETATION
Fire Hazard means :

Removal or absence of fire fighting

equipment or fire safety installation
required by law
Fire installation that is not in
efficient working order, inside or
outside the building as required by
any written law

LEGAL OBLIGATION
Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994

Sec 15 (1)
Employers duty to
ensure so far as it is
practicable the safety,
health & welfare of
his employees at
workplace

NON-COMPLIANCE
Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994

Sec 19
A person who contravenes the
provisions of sec 15, shall be guilty
of an offence and shall on
conviction be liable to a fine not
exceeding Fifty Thousand Ringgit
or to imprisonment for a term not
exceeding two years or both

Authorities
(Enforce)

Critical
Issues
Surrounding

Occupiers
(Maintain)

Designers
(Committed)

Fire Safety Management

Inspectors

Builders

(Responsible)

(Comply)

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Acetylene Is A Highly Explosive Gas LEL:2%-UEL:98%

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Negligent Use Of Acetylene Touch

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Open Burning

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Careless Disposal Of Cigarette Butt

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Unsafe Electrical Installations

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Poor Storage Of Flammable Liquids

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Leaks From Flammable Gas

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Flammable Liquid Spill

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Work Of Arsonist

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Welding Close To Combustibles

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Spontaneous Combustion

FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Cooking Left Unattended

PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Top management
must establish a
clear written fire
safety policy
The organization
and resources
necessary to carry
out the policy
objective must
exist.

PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

The organization must plan

& implement fire safety
measures .
The organization must carry
out fire risk assessment to
ensure the planned fire
safety measures are achieved

PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

The organization must

continuously monitor, review,
and update its fire safety
measures to ensure that it is
current & relevant.

Management and employees

must cooperate
wholeheartedly in securing
the workplace from fire

PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT

The best available knowledge &

methods must be applied in all
workplace activities, processes
and systems to avoid or reduce
fire.
Fire safety must be an integral
part of business management
strategy.

Top management must take lead

in organizing fire safety at the
work place

FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT MODEL

Policy

Action
for
Improvement

Leadership

Organizing

Understanding
Communication

Evaluate

Planning and
Implementing

CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE SAFETY PLAN

The organization and responsibilities

for fire safety must be established
The arrangement for fire safety
training must be given to all site
operatives
Rising mains , fire detection, alarm
systems, temporary emergency lighting
and portable fire extinguishers must be
installed in accordance with UBBL 1984
Sec 52 & FSA 341 Sec 5(F)
The location of designated smoking
areas and No Smoking compliance in
accordance with legislative laws must
be observed

CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE SAFETY PLAN

The requirement for hot work permits must

be carried out
The location, construction and
maintenance of temporary buildings and
temporary accommodation should at safe
distance
An effective evacuation plan and
procedures for summoning fire
department incase of fire must be posted

Fire drill exercise planned & tested,

reviewed and updated every six month
Fire departments, access, facilities and coordination must be maintained
Instructions must be given to those on
site of the required action in case of fire

CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE SAFETY PLAN

Security measures and surveillance to

control the risk of arson must be given
priority
Proper management for storage and
control of waste materials must be in
accordance with Akta Kualiti Alam
Proper management for storage and
control of flammable liquids and
compressed gases must be in accordance
with MS 830, MS930 and MS 761
Take action to promote safe working
environment in accordance with OSH
practices

Dynamic risk assessment carried out

throughout the construction period. Higher
the risk for fire, the closer must be the
supervision

DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR

FIRE SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Ensure site fire safety plan are

understood and complied by
everyone on the site
Conduct weekly inspection of
escape routes, fire safety signage's,
and temporary emergency lightings
Carry out weekly inspection on all
firefighting equipment and
facilities

DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR

FIRE SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Carry out weekly checks of

temporary electrical cables, the
housekeeping on site and storage of
combustible waste materials
Liaise with fire department to carry
out site inspection and
familiarization tours
Liaise with site security personnel
and ensure they adequately train in
fire safety

DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR

FIRE SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION SITE

Conduct periodic maintenance

for fire protection equipment
and keep a written record of all
checks, inspections and test
Maintain written records of
training, fire patrols, and fire
drill procedures

Appoint sufficient number of fire

wardens trained in evacuation,
first aid and firefighting where
it is safe

HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES

Conduct routine FIRE RISK

ASSESSMENT by a competent person
and reviewed periodically

Temporary building should be

separated from building under
construction or other permanent
building to provide fire break at
least 30 to 50 meters

Flammable liquids, compressed gases

and/ or LPG must not be stored
together and operated with high
level of safety& security alert

HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES

Fire at KL Sentral Building

All temporary electrical installations &

equipments must be checked, inspected &
reviewed by a qualified person

Maintain Good House Keeping in all work

areas and fire check undertaken each
working day, shift , holiday periods and
at weekends

Avoid Cooking With Open Flames, &

Instead Use Hot Plates or microwave ovens

Do Not Leave Cooking Unattended and

leave tar boilers unattended At All Times

HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES

Clean & Maintain Oil From Accumulating In

The Kitchen Hoods

Ensure All Gas Cylinders & Its Installation

Are Installed By Qualified Persons According
To current Standards & By Laws

Issue Hot Work Permits For Hot Works &

Ensure Contractors Comply To These Rules &
Regulations

Do Not Store Combustibles Where They May

Catch Fire Easily and DO NOT PRACTICE
OPEN BURNING anywhere around the
construction site

HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES

Store combustible liquid in well locked metal

cupboard or proper storage areas isolated from
other parts of the construction site

Flammable materials such as solvents and

adhesives should be stored in locked metal
containers

Eliminate, avoid or reduce using materials that

are easily ignitable or producing dense smoke or
noxious gases

Eliminate, avoid, or reduce unwanted

ignition/heat sources

Avoid unnecessary stockpiling of combustible

material eg ; polystyrene

HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES

Flexible materials used to clad

scaffolding must not contribute to fire
load or the potential for fire growth
and spread

All Repair Works On Construction

Facilities Must Be Carried Out By A
Competent Or Qualified Person

Install CCTV In Areas Where Intruders

/ Arsonist May Have Access To The
construction site

CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE

Access time to the site and seat of fire

may be hampered and delayed
severely by the nature of construction
settings

Delayed departure of workers from the

place of fire due to construction
settings and obstacles

Fires can dangerously spread very fast

due to wind factor and inadequacy in
passive protection and automatic fire
suppression system

Uncontrolled smoke dispersion and

heat radiation from fire can hamper
firefighting severely

CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE

High risk of accidents and injuries

may result to emergency responders
working in a relatively unsafe
environment

Dangers of building parts or

structures collapsing due to excess
heat weakening the structural
integrity tremendously

Fire extinguishing needs copious

amount of continuous water supply
to initiate quenching and
preventing reigniting

CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE

Night time firefighting with minimum

visibility can inevitably reduce firefighting
capabilities

The ground in itself can be immensely

challenging for effective firefighting due
to the presence of large distribution of
building materials

Jet stream of water may not reach to the

source of fire sufficiently due to
obstructions in the path of fire

Mobilization of logistical support, relief

crew , welfare needs and staging points to
the site can be an arduous task

WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES

Anyone who discovers the fire, must

raise the alarm

Activate your Emergency Action Plan

without delay

Call the fire & rescue department

promptly, even if the fire is
extinguished

Try and stop the fire at source &

prevent it from escalating if its safe
to do so. Thats the top most priority

WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES

Evacuate anyone who maybe in

imminent danger immediately, then
simultaneously evacuate others from
the top floors followed by the floors
below swiftly

Isolate the floor / area & secure the

place from intruders & deny entry to
anyone except the emergency
responders

The Company Emergency Manager

may initially assume command &
initiate emergency procedures

WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES

Call the Fire & Rescue Department and

report status and liaise with them
upon their arrival

Surrender command & assume

responsibilities in accordance with the
companies emergency management
system or protocols

Emergency manager may reassume

duties once the Fire & Rescue
Department declares the incident
over and clearance granted by
relevant authorities

WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES

Anyone who discovers the fire, must

raise the alarm

Activate your emergency action plan

without delay

Call the Fire & Rescue department

promptly, even if you think the fire
can be extinguished

Try and stop the fire at source &

prevent it from escalating if its safe
to do so.

WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES

Evacuate anyone who maybe in

imminent danger immediately, then
simultaneously evacuate others from
the top floors followed by the floors
below swiftly

Isolate the floor / area & secure the

place from intruders & deny entry to
anyone except the emergency
responders

The Company Emergency on site

Responders may initially assume
responsibilities & initiate emergency
procedures

WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES

Call the Fire & Rescue Department and

report status and liaise with them upon
their arrival

Surrender command & assume other

responsibilities in accordance with your
companies emergency management
arrangements or provide assistance/support
to emergency services as and when
necessary

Company Emergency Management Team

may reassume overhaul works once the Fire
& Rescue Department declares the incident
over and clearance granted by all relevant
authorities

Uniform Building By-Laws 1984

By-Laws 49(e)
: Ensuring that hydrant point and any
other existing utility service installations
are not obstructed by such hoardings or
materials.

By-Laws 52
: In buildings which are designed to exceed
18.3 meters in height to the top most full
floor, rising mains in accordance with bylaw 232 shall be installed as soon as the
building exceeds that height to provide fire
fighting facilities during the various stages
of construction.

By-Laws 232 (1) : Where either wet or dry riser system is

required, at least one riser shall be
installed when the building under
construction has reached a height of above
the level of the fire brigade pumping inlet
with connections thereto located adjacent
to a useable staircase.
(2) : Such riser shall be extended as
construction progresses to within two floors
of the topmost floor under construction
and where the designed height of the
building requires the installation of a wet
riser system fire pumps, water storage tanks
and water main connections shall be
provided to serve the riser.

INTERPRETATION
fire-hazard means :
(a) (e)
(f) Any other matter or circumstance
that materially increases the
likelihood of a fire or the danger
to life or property that would
result from the outbreak of a fire,
or that would materially hamper
the Fire and Rescue Department
in the discharge of its duties in
the event of a fire.

Fire fighting equipment or fire safety installation

means any equipment or installation for :
(a) extinguishing, fighting, preventing or limiting a fire.
(b) Giving warning of a fire.
(c) Providing access to any premises or place or to any
part thereof for the purpose of extinguishing, fighting,
preventing or limiting a fire.
(d) Providing emergency power supply in the event of
normal power failure.
(e) Providing emergency lighting for purposes of escape
from buildings.
(f) Giving direction towards an escape route or place of
refuge.
(g) Providing adequate, safe egress for the purpose of
evacuation or exit of occupant in the even of fire.

owner, in relation to any premises, means :

(a) The registered proprietor of the premises.
(b) If the registered proprietor of the premises cannot
be traced, his agent or trustee.
(c) If the registered proprietor of the premises is dead,
his legal personal representative.
(d) If none of the persons mentioned in paragraphs (a),
(b) and (c) exists, the person who for the time being
is receiving the rent of the premises, whether on his
own account or as an agent or trustee of another
person or as a receiver, or who would be receiving
the rent if the premises were let.

closing order means an order made

order section 13 that prohibits such use
of any premises as is specified in the
order, the use of which may materially
increase the likelihood of a fire of the
danger to life or property resulting from
the outbreak of a fire in or on the
premises or other premises.

ABATEMENT OF FIRE-HAZARD
Fire-hazard Abatement Notice
(1) The Director General, if satisfied of the existence in
any premises of any fire-hazard, may serve:
(a) on the person by reason of whose act, default or
sufferance the fire-hazard arose or continues, if he is
the occupier of the premises at the time the notice is
to be served.
(b) if the person by reason of whose act, default or
sufferance the fire-hazard arose or continues is not
the occupier of the premises at the same time the
notice is to be served or is not known, on the owner
of the premises.

(c) if the owner of the premises cannot readily be

ascertained or found or is absent from Malaysia, on
the occupier of the premises, regardless of whether
he is the person by reason of whose act, default or
sufferance the fire-hazard arose or continues.
A fire-hazard abatement notice in Form A in the
First Schedule , requiring him to abate the firehazard within the period specified in the notice, and
to do all such things as may be necessary for that
purpose; and the notice may, if the Director General
thinks fit, specify any work to be executed for that
purpose.

(2) If the Director General considers that the fire-hazard

is likely to recur, he may also, by the fire-hazard
abatement notice under subsection (1) or by a
subsequent fire-hazard abatement notice in Form B
in the First Schedule, require the person on whom
the notice is served to do whatever is necessary for
preventing the recurrence of the fire-hazard to which
the notice relates and, if the Director General think it
desirable, specify any works to be executed for that
purpose; and a notice containing such a requirement
may be served notwithstanding that the fire-hazard
to which it relates may for the time being have been
abated.

Closing Order
(1) Where a fire-hazard abatement notice has been
served on any person, if :
(a) that person fails to comply with any of the requirements
of the notice within the time specified therein; and
(b) the fire-hazard, although abated since the service of the
notice, is, in the opinion of the Director General, likely to
recur in the same premises,

and the Director General is of the opinion that it is

necessary to prohibit any use of the premises that may
materially increase the likelihood of a fire or the danger to
life or property resulting from the outbreak of a fire in or
on the premises or other premises, the Director General may,
by way of a complaint, apply to a court for a closing order.

THANK YOU
TERIMA KASIH

ASANTE

TANKJE WOL

MAHADSANID

MERCI

BOTONDI

GRACIAS

MATONDO

NGIYABONGA

SHAY-SHAY

SPASEEBA

AREEGAHTOH

KIA ORA

SALAMAT

DANYAVAD

TENKU

THANK YOU