uf]bfj/L km"n pTkfbgsf] Jofj;flos of]hgf

s_

v]tL k|ljlw

kl/ro
g]kfndf uf]bfj/L km"n w]/} g} nf]slk|o 5 / o;sf] v]tLdf ;d]t lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .
o;nfO{ c+u|]hLdf Chyrsanthemum elgG5 . o;sf] jfg:klts gfd Chyrsanthemum Spp xf] /
of] Compositae kl/jf/df kb{5 . g]kfndf o; km"n v]tL ;DaGwL lj:t[t cWoogcg';Gwfg
eO{ g;s]sf]n] ubf{ jif]{gL ef/t nufot ljb]zL d'n'sx?af6 uf]bfj/L km"nsf a]gf{x?
cfoft ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L j]gf{x? cfoft ul/bfF k|z:t dfqfdf /f]u / sL/fx? klg lelqPsf
5g\ . t;y{ cfg} b]zdf Jojl:yt ?kdf of] km"n v]tL ;DaGwdf cWoogcg';Gwfg tyf
:yfgLo xfjfkfgL ;'xfFpbf hftx?sf] ljsf; Pj+ lj:tf/df hf]8 lbg'kg]{ t8\sf/f] cfjZostf
b]lvPsf] 5 . o;f] ug{ ;s]df dfq j]gf{ cfoft ubf{ vr{ x'g] /sd ljb]lzgaf6 hf]luG5 eg]
csf]{ tkm{ /f]u tyf sL/fx? klg lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
xfd|f] b]zdf pRr kxf8b]lv t/fO{;Ddsf] xfjfkfgLdf ljleGg ;dodf uf]bfj/L km"nsf]
v]tL ug{ ;lsG5 . hfkfg, kmfG; / cGo klZrdL d'n'sx?df udnf, Ps]jfgf / j's]sf ?kdf
o;sf] cToflws dfu / s/f]8f}+sf] vl/b laqmL x'g] u/]sfn] g]kfnL s[ifsx?n] lgof{t
ug{ ;s] cltl/Qm cfosf] e/kbf]{ ;|f]t x'g ;S5 . xfn g]kfndf w]/} lghL g;{/Lx?n]
l6:o'sNr/ k|ljlwaf6 o; km"nsf] j]gf{ pTkfbg ul/ ljqmLljt/0f ug]{ u/]sf] eP klg
:jb]zL dfu wfGg ;Sg] ul/ kof{Kt eg] 5}g .
a]gf{sf] tof/L
uf]bfj/L km"nsf] a]gf{ lap, sndLxfFuf, k'/fgf af]6sf h/faf6 knfPsf la?jf 5'6\ofP/ /
l6:o'sNr/ k|ljlw af6 ug{ ;lsG5 . oL dWo] sndL ;lhnf] / k|rlnt tl/sf xf] .
sndLsl6 M uf]bfj/L km"nsf] sndLsl6 a}zfvb]lv >fj0f;Dd /fVg ;lsG5 .
o;/L sl6 ubf{ Ps} af]6af6 @# k6s;Dd xfFufx? lgsfnL j]gf{ pTkfbg ug{
;lsG5 . :j:y af]6sf] 6'Kkf] efunfO{ @# OGr nfdf] sf6]/ 5'6\ofOG5 / ?l6 xdf]
{gdf rf]k]/ ;kmf u/L kvfn]sf] afn'jfsf] afs;df /f]lkG5 . o;/L sl6 lgsflng] lj?
jfdf ;do;dodf l8PkL jf sDkf]i6 dn s]xL dfqfdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsPdf a9L xfFufx?
cfpg] x'Fbf j]gf{ pTkfbgdf ;xof]u k'U5 . sndLdf tnsf ;a} kftx? lems]/ dflyNnf
km's]{ 6'Kkf dfq /fVg' k5{ . b'O{ xKtfdf sndLdf h/fsf] k"0f{ ljsf; x'G5 eg]
csf]{ b'O{ xKtfdf a]gf{ ;fg{sf] nflu of]Uo x'G5 . sndLdf w]/} kfgL /fVg'
x'Fb}g / w]/} 3fd klg nfUg lbg' x'Fb}g . jiff{ ofddf jfn'jfdf lr:ofg 5 eg] kfgL
g/fVbf klg x'G5 .
;s/ ljefhg M km"n km'ln;s]sf af]6x? k'if df3sf] hf8f]df ;'if'Kt cj:yfdf /xG5g\ .
kmfNu'gr}q b]lv tL af]6x?sf km}lnPsf h/faf6 k|z:t dfqfdf gofF kfn'jfx?

knfpg yfNb5g\ / a}zfvh]7 ;Dd lj?jf j[l4 x'Fb} hfG5g\ . tL lj?jfx?sf h/f ;d]t
lems]/ c;f/sf] klxnf] xKtfb]lv ljefhg u/L gofF pTkfbgsf] nflu ;fg{ ;lsG5 .
l6:o'sNr/ M l6:o'sNr/ k|ljlwsf] cjnDagaf6 a9L ;+Vofdf j]gf{ pTkfbg ug{
;lsG5 t/ o;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg /;fogx? ljb]zaf6 cfoft ug'{kg]{ / k|fljlws ?
kdf bIf hgzlQm cfjZos x'g] ePsf]n] Hofbf vlr{nf] x'g hfG5 . pko'Qm k|ljlw
ckgfO{Psf] v08df ()(% k|ltzt sl6 ;kmn e} j]gf{ pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . o;/L
/flvPsf sl6x? h/f cfPsf] $)%) lbgdf udnf jf lkmN8df /f]Kgsf] nflu tof/ x'G5 .
xfjfkfgL
uf]bfj/L km"nsf] v]tL ;d'b| ;txaf6 !))@&%) ld6/sf] prfOdf ug{ ;lsG5 . of] eGbf
pRr :yfgdf eg] Hofbf 7G8Lsf sf/0fn] km"n km'Ng l9nf x'g] ePsf]n] Knfli6s 3/df
v]tL ug{ ;lsG5 .
nufpg] ;do
uf]bfj/L km"nsf] sl6 a}zfvb]lv >fj0f;Dd /fVg ;lsG5 . o;/L /flvPsf] sl6df h/f
cfPsf] $) b]lv %) lbgdf a]gf{ /f]Kgsf] nflu tof/ x'G5 .
uf]bfj/L km"nsf k|sf/x? M
OGse{

OG6/ldl8P6 l/n]S;

Plgdf]g

:k'g

lSjn

:kfO8/
:k|]

kf]dkf]d

ldlgPr/

s6\nfj/df pko'Qm hftx? M

Regalia: o;sf] km"n sn]hL /ftf] /sf] x'G5 . o;sf] prfO () ;]=dL= x'G5 eg] Ps
af]6df $)%) j6f;Dd km"n km'Nb5g\ .
Canco : o;sf] km"n jl/kl/ ;]tf] / aLrdf kx]Fnf] /sf] x'G5 eg] km"nsf] cfsf/
nfx'/]km"nsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . o;df Ps af]6df !%@) j6f;Dd km"n km'Nb5g\ /
km"n klg w]/} lbg;Dd /lx/xG5 .
Fairie : o;sf] km"nsf] / /ftf];]tf] h:tf] b]lvG5 / km"nsf] cfsf/ nfx'/]km"nsf]
h:t} x'G5 . o;df Ps af]6df !)!# j6f;Dd km"n km'Nb5g\ .
Brightness : o;sf] km"n /ftf] sn]hL /sf] x'G5 eg] af]6 sl/j ^) ;]=dL= ;Dd cUnf]
x'G5 . o;df Ps af]6df #)$) j6f;Dd km"n km'Nb5g\ .
Chermspoon : o;sf] km"nsf] / sn]hL /ftf] x'G5 eg] af]6 sl/a () ;]=dL= ;Dd
cUnf] x'G5 .
Jantewvells : of] hftsf] km"nsf] / / cfsf/ ;okqL h:t} x'G5 / Ps k6sdf @) a6f;Dd
km"n km'Nb5g\ .
hUufsf] 5gf}6

uf]bfj/L km"nnfO{ hldgsf] h'g;'s} df]x8fdf klg nufpg ;lsg] ePtf klg pQ/ klZrd
df]x8fdf o;sf] v]tL /fd|f] x'G5 . af]6df l;w} 3fdf kbf{ km"nsf] y'Fufdf gf]S;fg kg]
{ x'Fbf To:tf] cj:yfaf6 eg] jf]6nfO{ hf]ufpg' kb{5 . uf]bfj/L km"n v]tL ug'{eGbf
klxn] hUufsf] cj:yf, kfgLsf] ;|f]tsf] l:ylt / ahf/sf] cj:yfnfO{ ;d]t ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ x'G5
.
hdLgsf] tof/L / afnL Joj:yfkg M
uf]bfj/L km"n /f]Kg'eGbf klxn] hUufdf rf/}tkm{ @%#) ;]=dL= sf] s'n];f] agfO{
kfgL lgsf;sf] k|aGw ldnfpg clt h?/L x'G5 . uf]bfj/L km"n v]tL ul/Psf] hUufdf kfgL
hDg] cj:yf /x\of] eg] lj?jf kx]Fnf] eO{ h/f s'lxP/ lj?jfdf gf]S;fgL k'Ub5 .
To:t}, /f]lkPsf lj?jfx? x's{b} hfg] qmddf cfjZotfcg';f/ xfFufx?sf] sf65fF6 /
sf]lknfx?nfO{ lylg ubf{ ;fgf] l;s]r/n] xNsf;Fu ug'{kb{5 . sf]lknf lylg ugf{n]
cfgf] cfjZostf cg';f/ Pp6f af]6df !)!@ j6f s6\nfj/ km'nfpg ;lsG5 .
dnvfbsf] dfqf / k|of]u ljlw
qm
=;
+=
!
@

dnvfbsf] gfd

k|lt /f]kgL

k|of]u ug]{ ;do

sDkf]i6uf]7]dn
Sofnl;od Pdf]lgod
gfO{6]6

#)$) 8f]sf]
*) s]=hL=

/f]Kg' eGbf xKtf klxn]

tLg efu nufO{, klxnf] Ps efu hdLgsf]
clGtd tof/L/f]Kg] ;dodf, bf];|f]efu
/f]k]sf] ! dlxgfkl5 . t];|f]efu /f]k]sf] @
dlxgfkl5 .

olb udnf jf Knfli6s Aofudf /f]Kg] xf] eg] df6f], dn / afn'jf ^)M@)M@) sf b/n]
ld;fO{ a]gf{ nufpg] dfWod agfpg ;lsG5 .
lj?jf /f]Kg] tl/sf
uf]bfj/L km"mn v]tLsf nflu 8\ofsf] rf}8fO ^) ;]=dL=, prfO !% ;]=dL= / cfjZostf
cg';f/sf] nDafO sfod ug{ ;lsG5 . 8\ofdf /f]Kbf Ps af]6b]lv csf]{ af]6sf] b"/L @
%#) ;]=dL= / lj?jfsf] Ps nfOg b]lv csf]{ nfOgsf] b"/L #) ;]=dL= sfod u/L
/f]Kg'kb{5 .
l;+rfO{
uf]bfj/L km"n v]tL ul/Psf] hUufdf kfgL hDg] cj:yf /x\of] eg] lj?jf kx]Fnf] eO{ h/f
s'lxP/ lj?jfdf gf]S;fgL k'Ub5 . To;}n] hldg tof/L ubf{ g} kfgLsf] /fd|f] lgsf;sf]
Joj:yf ug'{k5{ . lj?jf /f]Kg] lalQs} kfgL /fVg'kb{5 . k|To]s ;ftf cfjZostf x]/L
ljxfg ;a]/} kft / km"n gleHg] u/L kfgL xfNg' nfebfos x'G5 .km"nnfO{ s]xL lbg

l6sfpgsf nflu udnfdf eP @# lbg la/fP/ / hldgdf eP $^ lbg la/fP/ kfgL lbg'kb{5 .
o;/L kfgL lbP/ km"nnfO{ af]6df g} a9L ;do;Dd /fVg ;lsG5 .
uf]8d]n
df6f] v's'nf] eP/ la?jf /fd|/L a9\g ;sf];\ eg]/ g} emf/kft lemSg] / uf]8d]n ug]
{ ul/G5 . o; km"nsf] lj?jfnfO{ xKtfdf b'O{ k6s /fd|/L uf]8d]n ug'{ kb{5 .
3f]rf /fVg]
uf]bfj/Lsf] lj?jfdf w]/} xfFufx? /fVg' x'Fb}g . a]gf{ /f]k]/ af]6sf] prfO !%
@) ;]=dL= sf] ePkl5 %)^) ;]=dL=nfdf afF;sf ef6fx?sf 3f]rf uf8\g'kb{5 / lj?
jfnfO{ c+u|]hL P (A) cfsf/df df]6f] wfuf]n] ef6fdf afFWg'kb{5 . of] sfo{ efb|sf]
bf];|f] xKtfb]lv z'? ug'{ k5{ . o;f] ubf{ af]6 xlNng gkfpg'sf ;fy} :j:y x'G5 .
sf]lknf lgsfNg]
km"nsf] sf]lknfx? nfUg yfn] kl5 k|To]s xfFufdf !@ d'Vo sf]lknf /fv]/ jl/kl/sf dl;gf
sf]lknfx? l6lklbg' k5{ . sf]lknf l6Kg] sfo{ c;f]hsf] klxnf] xKtf b]lv ug'{ k5{ . o;f]
ubf{ km'Ng] km"nsf] cfsf/ 7"nf] x'G5 .
km'nfpg] k|lqmof / km"nsf] ljsf;
c;f]hsf] clGtd b]lv sflQ{ssf] bf];|f] xKtf;Dddf lj?jfsf] hft cg';f/ km"n km"Ng] x'G5
. k|To]s ^) b]lv &) ;]=dL= sf :j:y xfFufx?df @) b]lv #) ;]=dL= ;Ddsf km"n
km"Ng ;S5g\ h;sf] ahf/ d"No /fd|f] 5 . k|To]s lj?jfaf6 &!) j6f km"no'Qm :tl/o
xfFufx? lng ;lsG5 .
s[lqd tl/sf
uf]bfj/L km"nnfO{ s[lqd tl/sfaf6 afx|} dlxgf km"nfpg ;lsG5 . o;sf] nflu k|sfz /
tfkqmd lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsg] sIfsf] cfjZostf kb{5 .

k|sfz lgoGq0f
uf]bfj/L km"nnfO{ lbgsf] !) 306f dfq 3fdsf] pHofnf] lbPdf km"n km'nfpg
;lsG5 . o;sf] nflu cf};tdf ;fFem % ah]b]lv laxfg & ah];Dd afSnf] sfn] kbf{n]
9fsL lbg' k5{ . o;/L !$ 306fsf] nuftf/ cFWof/f]kgfn] lj?jfdf sf]lknf nfUg] k|s[of
z'? x'G5 . uf]bfj/L km"nnfO{ k|fs[lts ;doeGbf k5f8L km'nfpg' k/]df lj?jfdf
/ftL !! ah]b]lv @ ah];Dd k|sfz lbg;s]df ck'liks cj:yfdf /lx/xG5 / rfx]sf] ;dodf
km]/L !$ 306f;Dd nuftf/ cWofF/f] agfOlbP/ km"n km'nfpg ;lsG5 .
+
km'Ng] !) 306f
pHofnf] nuftf/

!$ 306f

cWofF/f] nuftf/

km"n

!) 306f

gkm'Ng]

pHofnf] nuftf/
+
km'Ng] !) 306f
pHofnf] cj/f]w

!$ 306f

cWofF/f] cj/f]w

km"n

km"n

!$ 306f

cWofF/f] nuftf/

s'g} lj?jfnfO{ d+l;/ / kf}ifdf km'nfpg' kof] eg] ;fdfGo ;'q cg';f/ k|To]s lbg
/ftL !! ah] b]lv @ ah];Dd lah'nLn] pHofnf] kfl/lbg' k5{ . To;f] u/];Dd lj?jfdf
sf]lknf nfUg ;Qm}g . km]/L sf]lknf nufpg' k/]df nuftf/ !$ 306f cFWof/f]
kfl/lbg' k5{ . pQm ;dodf rGb|dfsf] pHofnf] dfq klg kg{ uPdf km"n km'Ng]
sfo{df jfwf kg{ ;S5 .
tfkqmd lgoGq0f
uf]bfj/L sIfsf] tfkqmd !) l8u|L ;]lN;o; eGbf 36\g uPdf lx6/ jf lah'nL jf cGo
s[lqd tl/sfn] tfkqmd a9fpg' kb{5 .
/f]u tyf sL/f Joj:yfkg
uf]bfj/L km"nsf] af]6df sfnf] / xl/of] nfxL sL/faf6 kftsf] leqL efu / 8fF7df
cfqmd0f ul/ af]6sf] ?k / km"nsf] cfsf/ laufl/lbG5 . To;}ul/ em'l;nsL/f klg uf]bfj/L
km"ndf nfUg] Ps sL/f xf] . oL b'j} sL/fsf] nflu dlxgfsf] b'O{ k6ssf b/n] /f]u/,
g'efgm l8dfqmf]g cflb h:tf sL6gfzs ljiffbLx?dWo] s'g} Ps @ ld=ln= k|ltln6/
kfgLsf b/n] /fvL 5g{ ;lsG5 . olb Pp6} udnfdf !@ jif{;Dd uf]bfj/L km"nsf] lj?jf
nufOPdf v'd|] sL/fsf] k|sf]k a9\g ;Sg] ePsf]n] jif{sf] @ k6s @@ u|fd o'/f8g
ljiffbL udnsf] jl/kl/ $% ;]=dL= ulx/f] kf/L 5/]/ df6f]n] k'l/lbg'kb{5 .
uf]bfj/L km"ndf d'Votof lnkm:k6 / kfp8/L ldN8\o' /f]un] a9L ;tfpg] u/]sf] 5 .
lnkm:k6af6 arfpgsf] nflu lj?jfsf] prfO *!) ;]=dL=sf] ePkl5 OG8f]lkmn ljiffbL @
u|fd k|ltln6/ kfgLdf /fvL !%!% lbgsf] km/sdf sf]lknf gnfu];Dd 5l//xg'kb{5 .
kfp8/L ldN8\o' /f]u nfUg glbgsf nflu sf/fy]g jf Soflnl;g emf]n ! ln6/ kfgLdf @#
ld=ln= /fvL !@ k6s 5g'{kb{5 .
km"nsf xfFufx? -s6\nfj/_ lng] tl/sf
s6\nfj/sf] nflu km"nsf] aflx/L b'O{ kQf vf]lnPkl5 $%^) ;]=dL= nfdf xfFufx?
lgsfNg'k5{ . o;/L lnFbf s]xL lbg;Dd km"n ;'/lIft /xg] x'Fbf 6f9f k7fpgsf] nflu ;d]t
d2t k'U5 . o;/L lnOPsf s6\nfj/ xfFufsf] km]bdf kfgLdf lehfP/ s]xL dfqfdf ofp
/fv]df sf]lknf cf]Olngaf6 aRb5 .
u|]l8
km"nsf] cfsf/ / xfFufsf] nDafO{sf cfwf/df uf]bfj/L km"nnfO{ u|]l8 ul/G5 .

uf]N8 M &% ;]=dL= nfdf] km"nsf] xfFuf / !% ;]=dL= kl/lwsf] km"n

l;Ne/ M ^^ ;]=dL= b]lv &% ;]=dL= nfdf] km"nsf] xfFuf
a|f]Gh M ^^ ;]=dL= eGbf 5f]6f] km"nsf] xfFuf
Kofs]lhsf] tl/sf tyf ;fdfu|L
uf]bfj/Lsf] s6\nfj/ Kofs]lh / 9'jfgLsf] nflu Knfli6ssf] aflN6g jf cGo efF8f]df
kfgL /fvL To;df km"nsf] 8fF7sf] efu 8'jfO j]6 Kofs]h - wet package_ sf] ?kdf ahf/df
n}hfg ;lsG5 .
e08f/0f ug]{ tl/sf
s6\nfj/nfO{ lr;f] cf]efgf] 3fd gnfUg] 7fpFdf cvjf/ cf]5\ofO Ps b'O lbg /fVg
;lsG5 .
a9L lbg /fVg' k/]df /]lk|mlh/]6/df ^& l8=;]= tfkqmddf e08f/0f ug'{ j];
x'G5 .
Wofg k'ofpg' kg]{ s'/fx?
Knfli6ssf] aflN6gdf kfgL /fvL To;df km"nsf] 8fF7 efu /fv]/ Ps lbg lj/fO kfgL
km]b}{ / 8fF7sf] 6'Kkf] tnaf6 !=% b]lv @ ;]=dL= ;Dd Ps lbg lj/fO sf6L /x]df
km"n rfF8} cf]Olnb}g .
udnfdf /fv]sf] km"nnfO{ w]/} lbg ;Dd tfhfkgf sfod u/L /fVg lrgL / ;fOl6s
Pl;8sf] klg k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
Olylng pTkfbg ug]{ km"nx?af6 gkm'n]sf km'nx?nfO{ arfO{ /fv]df cln lbg
e08f/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . To:t} u/L e08f/0f ul/Psf] km"n l56f] km'nfpg' cfjZos k/]df
km'ln/x]sf] km"nsf] aLrdf /fv]df l56f] km'Ng] x'G5 .

v_

uf]bfj/L km"nsf] pTkfbg Pj+ ahf/ nfut tyf nfe ljZn]if0f

uf]bfj/L
hUuf M # /f]kgLsf]
nflu
q
m
=;
+
PsfO
=
ljj/0f
{
:yL/
1 nufgL
/
1.1 hUuf ef8f f]kgL
d]lzg
tyf ;fdu|
1.2 Lx?
:k|]o/
;+Vof

k|yd jif{

kl/df0
f
b/ ?=

ltLo jif{

kl/df
0f

/sd

t[tLo jif{

kl/df0
f

/sd

rt'y{ ji

kl/df0
f

/sd

50550

50000

53300

10000

30000

33000

36300

3000

3000

;+Vof

400

1600

k|'lg rSs'
l;FrfO{ Joj
1.3 :yfkg
dd{t ;
1.4 +ef/
jflif{s ;
+rfng
2 vr{

;+Vof
/
f]kgL

475

950

5000

15000

15000

15000

;/b/

2000

2000

18173
4

19259
6

204641

2.1 a]gf{

;+Vof
hgf
k|lt
jif{
s]=h
L=

sf]bfnf]

2.2 HofdL
dn
2.3 -sDkf]i6_
dn 2.4 /;folgs_
o'l/of
l8=P=kL
=
kf]6f;
afnL ;
+/If0f
2.5 /;fogx?
g;{/L
2.6 Joj:yfkg
2.7 cGo

s]=h
L=
s]=h
L=
s]=h
L=

6571

10

65710

6571

65710

6571

65710

48000

96000

105600

116160

2000

2000

2000

2000

18

108

72

72

32

256

224

224

20

160

140

140

;/b/

9000

9900

10890

;/b/

4000
4500

4000
4950

4000
5445

/sd

hDdf vr{
hDdf ;
+rfng
2.7 vr{df Jofh
2.8 x|f; sL
s"n vr{
-nufgL_
pTkfbg
cg'dfg
3 -/sddf_
s6\nfj/x?
cGo
km"nx?
a]gf{
4 ahf/ nfut
s"n
5 gfkmf
v'b
6 gfkmf
gfkmf /
nfutsf]
cg'kft
(B/C Ratio)

;/b/

;+Vof
s]=h
L=
;+Vof

16

23228
4

24259
6

29077
0
26136
1

30815
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