TRNG I HC GIAO THNG VN TI TP.

HCM
KHOA IN IN T

----------

BAO CAO VI X L
ti :

S dng vi x l o nhit bng LM35

thng qua ADC
GVHD: TRN QUC KHI
SVTH: TRN QUANG TUYN
PHM CNG KHANH
NGUYN TRUNG DNG

Tp H Chi Minh, ngy 27 thang 8 nm 2016

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

Bao cao

Menu
Nh n xet cua giao vin hng dn......................................................................................................2
LI NI U 2
CHNG 1.

DN NHP...............................................................................................................3

C s thc tin ca ti:.....................................................................................................................3

1.1.

Phng an thit k v s khi:..............................................................................................3

1.1.1.

Phng an thit k:............................................................................................................3

1.1.2.

S khi ca mch nhit ............................................................................................3

CHNG 2.
2.1.

L THUYT THIT K.........................................................................................4

Khi Vi X Li............................................................................................................................4

2.1.1.

Gii thiu b vi iu khin 89c51......................................................................................4

2.1.2.

Vi iu khin AT89C51.....................................................................................................4

2.1.3.

Chc nng cac chn ca AT 89C51:..................................................................................5

2.2.

Gii thiu v IC ADC 0804.......................................................................................................7

2.3.

Cm bin LM35.......................................................................................................................10

Nguyn l hot ng chung ca IC o nhit ...................................................................................10

2.3.1.
2.4.

LM35...............................................................................................................................10

Hin th trn led 7 on...........................................................................................................11

Dng phng phap qut......................................................................................................................12

CHNG 3.
3.1.

M PHNG MCH V CHNG TRNH IU KHIN................................0

Mch iu khin v nguyn l hot ng:.................................................................................0

3.1.1.

Mch iu khin................................................................................................................0

3.1.2.

Nguyn l hot ng..........................................................................................................0

3.2.

Chng trnh iu khin:...........................................................................................................2

CHNG 4.

TNG KT...............................................................................................................5

4.1.

Kt qu thu c:......................................................................................................................5

4.2.

Hng phat trin ca ti:......................................................................................................5

4.3.

Kt lun:....................................................................................................................................5

NHN XET CUA GIAO VIN HNG DN

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Tp H Chi Minh, ngay thang nm 2016
Ky tn

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LI NI U
Trong nhng thp nin gn y cng nghip ha, hin i ha ngy cng phat trin
mnh m. K thut in t c nhng bc phat trin c bit mnh, c bit l trong
k thut iu khin t ng vi s ra i v phat trin nhanh chng ca k thut vi iu
khin. Ha cng nhp phat trin khoa hc k thut th gii, nhiu lnh vc khac cng
phat trin khng ngng lm cho th gii ni chung v Vit Nam ni ring c c s
phat trin chng mt trong vi chc nm tr li y. Khoa hc k thut tr thnh nn
tng vng chc thc y mnh m nm vai tr quyt nh trong cuc i tt n u.
Ni tri hn c l ngnh cng ngh thng tin v k thut in t.
Hin nay cng ngh nc ta c anh gia l bt kp vi cng ngh th gii. t
nc ta ang trn phat trin mnh m nhng ngn sach cn hn hp cha th ap ng
nhng iu kin tt nht cho vic hc tp v nghin cu ca sinh vin, iu ny l
nhng kh khn nhng cng chinh l ng lc cho chng ta c nhng sang to mi,
tng mi gip cho vic hc ca mnh v bn b c tt hn. Nhng ln i thc tp
hay lm an mn hc chinh l lc m chng ta c phat huy tri sang to ca sinh
vin. Hy t mnh to ra mi trng hc tp tt nht cho bn thn v bn b! Chinh v
vy trong ln lm an mn hc ny, c s hng dn nhit tnh ca cac thy c giao
trong khoa in_in t, c bit l c ,chng em hon thnh ti Nghin
cu,cach o nhit dng LM35 s dng ADC0804 chuyn i vi x l 8051 hin
th trn led 7 on (thng s o ly t cm bin nhit LM35) ng thi gian.
Vi trnh v thi gian cn nhiu hn ch, chng em c gng nhng khng
tranh khi nhng thiu st, mong qu thy c v bn b ng gp kin ti ngy
cng hon thin v n c vi thc t. Chng em xin chn thnh cm n.

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

CHNG 1.

Bao cao

DN NHP

C s thc tin cua ti:

Ngy nay cng vi s phat trin ca cac ngy khoa hc k thut, k thut in t
m trong l k thut s ng vai tr quan trng trong lnh vc khoa hc k thut,
qun li, cng nghip t ng ha, cung cp thng tin... do chng ta phi nm bt v
vn dng n mt cach c hiu qu nhm gp phn vo s phat trin nn khoa hc k
thut th gii ni chung v trong s phat trin k thut in t ni ring.
Trong i sng x hi ,ngy cng phat trin ,xut phat t nhng nhu cu thc t
chng em nghin cu v hon thnh mch o m .N c ng dng rt ln trong
cac bnh vin, kho xng, nh may
1.1. Phng an thit k v s khi:
1.1.1. Phng an thit k:
o lng nhit ngi ta c th chn nhiu loi cm bin nhit khac nhau,
mi loi th u c mt u im ring bit khac nhau v ph hp vi tng nhu cu ring.
y mnh s dng LM35: y l loi cm bin c chinh xac cao. Tm hot ng
tuyn tinh, tiu tan cng sut thp, phm vi o rng, phn ng nhanh chng, chng
nhim, tinh n nh cao..
Tng t vy ta chuyn i t tng t sang s cng c nhiu loi IC ni chung
ging nhau nh: ADC0808, ADC0809, ADC0804.
Cn vn hin th trn led 7 on hay LCD th mnh la chn hin th trn 2 led 7
on.
1.1.2. S khi cua mch nhit
B Chuyn
0804Khin 89C51Hin Th Led n
Tn Hiu Tng
T i ADC
Vi iu

Hin Th Led 7 on

Khi Ngun
Hinh 1-1 S khi ca mch nhit

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

CHNG 2.

Bao cao

L THUYT THIT K

2.1. Khi Vi X L
2.1.1. Gii thiu b vi iu khin 89c51
H vi iu khin MCS-51 do Intel sn xut u tin vo nm 1980 l cac IC thit
k cho cac ng dng hng iu khin. Cac IC ny chinh l mt h thng vi x l hon
chnh bao gm cac cac thnh phn ca h vi x l: CPU, b nh, cac mch giao tip,
iu khin ngt.
MCS-51 l h vi iu khin s dng c ch CISC (Complex Instruction Set
Computer), c di v thi gian thc thi ca cac lnh khac nhau. Tp lnh cung cp
cho MCS-51 c cac lnh dng cho iu khin xut / nhp tac ng n tng bit. MCS51 bao gm nhiu vi iu khin khac nhau, b vi iu khin u tin l 8051 c 4KB
ROM, 128 byte RAM v 8031, khng c ROM ni, phi s dng b nh ngoi. Sau ny,
cac nh sn xut khac nh Siemens, Fujitsu, cng c cp php lm nh cung cp
th hai.
MCS-51 bao gm nhiu phin bn khac nhau, mi phin bn sau tng thm
mt s thanh ghi iu khin hot ng ca MCS-51.
2.1.2. Vi iu khin AT89C51
AT89C51 l vi iu khin do Atmel sn xut, ch to theo cng ngh CMOS c
cac c tinh nh sau:
4 KB PEROM (Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory), c kh
nng ti 1000 chu k ghi xoa
Tn s hot ng t: 0Hz n 24 MHz
3 mc kha b nh lp trnh
128 Byte RAM ni.
4 Port xut /nhp I/O 8 bit.
2 b Timer/counter 16 Bit.
6 ngun ngt.
Giao tip ni tip iu khin bng phn cng.
64 KB vng nh m ngoi
64 KB vng nh d liu ngoi.
Cho php x l bit.
5

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210 v tri nh c th nh v bit.

4 chu k may (4 s i vi thch anh 12MHz) cho hot ng nhn hoc chia
C cac ch ngh (Low-power Idle) v ch ngun gim (Power-down). Ngoi
ra, mt s IC khac ca h MCS-51 c thm b nh thi th 3 v
256 byte RAM ni
2.1.3. Chc nng cac chn cua AT 89C51:
Mc d cac thnh vin ca h MSC-51 c nhiu kiu ng v khac nhau, chng
hn nh hai hng chn DIP (Dual In-Line Pakage) dng v dt vung QFP (Quad Flat
Pakage) v dng chip khng c chn LLC (Leadless Chip Carrier) v u c 40 chn
cho cac chc nng khac nhau nh vo ra I/0, c, ghi, a ch, d liu v ngt. Tuy
nhin, v hu ht cac nh phat trin chinh dng chip ng v 40 chn vi hai hng chn
DIP, nn chng ta cng kho sat Vi iu khin vi 40 chn dng DIP.
Chn VCC: Chn s 40 l VCC cp in ap ngun cho Vi iu khin. Ngun
in cp l +5V0.5.
Chn GND: Chn s 20 ni GND (hay ni Mass).
Port 0 gm 8 chn (t chn 32 n 39) c hai chc nng:
Chc nng xut/nhp: cac chn ny c dng nhn tin hiu t bn ngoi
vo x li, hoc dng xut tin hiu ra bn ngoi, chng hn xut tin hiu
iu khin led n sang tt.
Chc nng l bus d liu v bus a ch (AD7-AD0) : 8 chn ny (hoc Port 0)
cn lm nhim v ly d liu t ROM hoc RAM ngoi (nu c kt ni vi b
nh ngoi), ng thi Port 0 cn c dng nh a ch ca b nh ngoi.
Port P1 gm 8 chn (t chn 1 n chn 8), ch c chc nng lm cac ng
xut/nhp, khng c chc nng khac.
Port 2 gm 8 chn (t chn 21 n chn 28) c hai chc nng:
Chc nng xut/nhp

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

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Chc nng l bus a ch cao (A8-A15): khi kt ni vi b nh ngoi c dung

lng ln, cn 2 byte nh a ch ca b nh, byte thp do P0 m nhn,
byte cao do P2 ny m nhn.
Port 3 gm 8 chn (t chn 10 n 17):
Chc nng xut/nhp
Vi mi chn c mt chc nng ring th hai nh trong bng sau:
Bit
P3.0
P3.1
P3.2
P3.3
P3.4
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7
P1.0
P1.1

Tn
RxD
TxD
INT0
INT1
T0
T1
WR
RD
T2
T2X

Chc nng
Ng vo nhn d liu ni tip
Ng xut d liu ni tip
Ng vo ngt cng th 0
Ng vo ngt cng th 1
Ng vo ca Timer/Counter th 0
Ng vo ca Timer/Counter th 1
Ng iu khin ghi d liu ln b nh ngoi
Ng iu khin c d liu t b nh bn ngoi
Ng vo ca Timer/Counter th 2
Ng Np li/thu nhn ca Timer/Counter th 2

Chn RST (RESET): Ng vo RST chn 9 l ng vo Reset dng thit

lp trng thai ban u cho vi iu khin. H thng s c thit lp li cac gia
tr ban u nu ng ny mc 1 ti thiu 2 chu k may
Chn XTAL1 v XTAL2: Hai chn ny c v tri chn l 18 v 19 c s
dng nhn ngun xung clock t bn ngoi hot ng, thng c
ghp ni vi thch anh v cac t to ngun xung clock n nh.
Chn cho php b nh chng trnh PSEN :
PSEN (program store enable) tin hiu c xut ra chn 29 dng truy xut
b nh chng trnh ngoi. Chn ny thng c ni vi chn OE (output
enable) ca ROM ngoi.
Khi vi iu khin lm vic vi b nh chng trnh ngoi, chn ny phat ra tin
hiu kich hot mc thp v c kich hot 2 ln trong mt chu k may Khi
thc thi mt chng trnh ROM ni, chn ny c duy tr mc logic khng
tich cc(logic1) (Khng cn kt ni chn ny khi khng s dng n)

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Chn ALE: (chn cho php cht a ch-chn 30)

Khi Vi iu khin truy xut b nh t bn ngoi, port 0 va c chc nng l bus
a ch, va c chc nng l bus d liu do phi tach cac ng d liu v
a ch. Tin hiu chn ALE dng lm tin hiu iu khin gii a hp cac
ng a ch v cac ng d liu khi kt ni chng vi IC cht.
Cac xung tin hiu ALE c tc bng 1/6 ln tn s dao ng a vo Vi iu
khin, nh vy c th dng tin hiu ng ra ALE lm xung clock cung cp cho
cac phn khac ca h thng.
*Ghi ch: khi khng s dng c th b trng chn ny
Chn EA: Chn EA dng xac nh chng trnh thc hin c ly t
ROM ni hay ROM ngoi.
Khi EA ni vi logic 1(+5V) th Vi iu khin thc hin chng trnh ly t b
nh ni
Khi EA ni vi logic 0(0V) th Vi iu khin thc hin chng trnh ly t b
nhngoi
SRT (Reset): Ng vo RST trn chn 9 l ng Reset ca 8051(8951). Khi tin
hiu ny c a ln mc cao (trong it nht 2 chu k may), cac thanh ghi
trong 8951 oc ti nhng gia tr thich hp khi ng h thng.
2.2. Gii thiu v IC ADC 0804
Cac b chuyn i ADC thuc nhng thit b s dng rng ri nht thu d liu.
Cac may tinh s s dng gia tr nh phn, nhng trong th gii vt l th mi i lng
dng tng t (lin tc). Nhit , ap sut (khi hoc cht lng), m v vn tc v mt
s it nhng i lng vt l ca th gii thc m ta gp hng ngy. Mt i lng vt l
c chuyn v dng in hoc in ap qua mt thit b c gi l cac b bin i.
Cac b bin i cng c th coi nh cac b cm bin. Mc d ch c cac b cm bin
nhit, m, tc , ap sut, anh sang v nhiu i lng t nhin khac nhng chng
u cho ra cac tin hiu dng in hoc in ap dng lin tc. Do vy, ta cn mt b
chuyn i tng t s sao cho b vi iu khin c th c c chng. Mt chip ADC
c s dng rng ti l ADC0804.

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

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Hinh 2-2 IC ADC 0804

Chip ADC0804 l b chuyn i tng t s thuc h ADC800 ca hng National

Semiconductor. Chip ny cng c nhiu hng khac sn xut. Chip c in ap nui
+5V v c phn gii 8bit. Ngoi phn gii th thi gian chuyn i cng l mt
tham s quan trng khi anh gia b ADC. Thi gian chuyn i c nh ngha l thi
gian m b ADC cn chuyn mt u vo tng t thnh mt s nh phn. i vi
ADC0804 th thi gian chuyn i ph thuc vo tn s ng h c cp ti chn CLK
v CLK IN v khng b hn 110 s. Cac chn khac ca ADC0804 c chc nng nh
sau:
CS (Chip Select): Chn s 1, l chn chn Chip, u vo tich cc mc thp
c s dng kich hot Chip ADC0804. truy cp ADC0804 th chn
ny phi mc thp.
RD (Read): Chn s 2 l mt tin hiu vo, tich cc mc thp. Cac b
chuyn i u vo tng t thnh s nh phn v gi n mt thanh ghi
trong. RD c s dng c d liu c chuyn i ti u ra ca
ADC0804. Khi CS=0 nu c mt xung ao xung thp ap n chn RD th d
liu ra dng s 8bit c a ti cac chn d liu (DB0 - DB7).
WR (Write): Chn s 3, y l chn vo tich cc mc thp c dng bao
cho ADC bit bt u qua trnh chuyn i. Nu CS=0 khi WR to ra xung
cap xung thp th b ADC0804 bt u qua trnh chuyn i gia tr u vo
tng t Vin v s nh phn 8 bit. Khi vic chuyn i hon tt th chn INTR
c ADC h xung thp.

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CLK IN v CLK R: CLK IN (chn s 4) l chn vo ni ti ng h ngoi

c s dng to thi gian. Tuy nhin ADC0804 cng c mt b to xung
ng h ring. dng ng h ring th cac chn CLK IN v CLK R (chn
s 19) c ni vi mt t in v mt in tr. Khi tn s xac nh bng
biu thc:
P=1/1.1RC
Vi R=10k, C=150pF v tn s f = 606 kHz v thi gian chuyn i l 110s.
Ngt INTR(Interput): Chn s 5, l chn ra tich cc mc thp. Bnh thng
chn ny trng thai cao v khi vic chuyn i hon tt th n xung thp
bao cho CPU bit l d liu chuyn i sn sng ly i. Sau khi INTR
xung thp, cn t CS=0 v gi mt xung cao xung thp ti chn RD
a d liu ra.
Vin (+) v Vin (-): chn s 6 v chn s 7, y l 2 u vo tng t vi sai, trong
Vin=Vin(+) - Vin(-). Thng thng Vin(-) c ni ti t v V(+) c dng
lm u vo tng t v s c chuyn i v dng s.
Vcc: chn s 20 l chn ngun nui +5V. Chn ny cn c dng lm in
ap tham chiu khi u vo Vref/2 h.
Vref/2: chn s 9 l chn in ap vo c dng lm in ap tham chiu. Nu
chn ny h th in ap u vo tng t ap n Vin khac vi di 0 n +5V.
Chn Vref/2 c dng thc hin cac in ap ra khac 0 n +5V.

Quan h in ap Vref/2 vi Vin

Vref/2(V)
H
2.0
1.5
1.28
1.0
0.5

0-5
0-4
0-3
0-2.56
0-2
0-1

Vin(V)

Kich thc bc
(mV)
5/256=19.53
4/256=15.62
3/256=11.71
2.56/256=10
2/256=7.81
1/256=3.90

D0-D7: chn s 18-11 l cac chn ra d liu s (D7 l bit cao nht MSB v
D0 l bit thp nht LSB). Cac chn ny c m ba trng thai v d liu
c chuyn i chi c truy cp khi chn CS=0 v chn RD a xung
mc thp. tinh in ap u ra ta tinh theo cng thc sau:
10

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Bao cao

Dout=Vin/Kich thc bc

11

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Bao cao

2.3. Cm bin LM35

Nguyn l hot ng chung cua IC o nhit .
IC o nhit l mt mch tich hp nhn tin hiu nhit chuyn thnh tin hiu
in di dng dng in hay in ap. Da vo c tinh rt nhy ca cac ban dn vi
nhit , to ra in ap hoc dng in t l thun vi nhit tuyt i. o tin hiu in
ta bit c gia tr ca nhit cn o. S tac ng ca nhit to ra in tich t do v
cac l trng trong cht ban dn. Bng s pha v cac phn t, bt cac electron thnh dng
t do di chuyn qua vng cu trc mng tinh th to s xut hin cac l trng. Lm cho t
l in t t do v l trng tng ln theo quy lut hm m vi nhit .
2.3.1. LM35
Khi ta cp in ap cho LM335 th nhit o c t cm bin s chuyn thnh
in ap tng ng ti chn s 2 (Vout). in ap ny c t l vi gii nhit
m n o c. Vi gii ca nhit u ra l 10mV/K. Hot ng trong gii
in ap t 0 cho n 5V v gii nhit o c t 00 C n 1000C

Hinh 2-3 LM35

Thng s c bn
in ap u vo t 4V n 30V
Nhit thay i tuyn tinh: 10mV/C
chinh xac cao 25 C l 0.5 C
Tr khang u ra thp 0.1 cho 1mA ti
0

Ng ra l in ap. nhy 10mv/1 C

0

Sai s cc i 1,5 C khi nhit ln hn 100 C.

0

Phm vi s dng :0 C=>100 C

12

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Bao cao

Hinh 2-4 Thng s c bn

S chn cua h cm bin lm35

Chn 1: Chn ngun Vcc
Chn 2: u ra Vout analog
Chn 3: GND

13

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2.4. Hin th trn led 7 on.

i vi dng Led anode chung, chn COM phi c mc logic 1 v mun sang Led th
tng ng cac chn a-f, dp s mc logic 0.
Bng m cho Led 7 on hin s (a l MSB, dp l LSB):
S
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

A
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

B
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0

C
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

D
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0

E
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1

F
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0

G
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

Dp
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

M hex
03h
9Fh
25h
0Dh
99h
49h
41h
1Fh
01h
09h

14

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

Bao cao

Bng m cho Led anode chung (a l LSB, dp l MSB):

0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0C0h
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0F9h
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0A4h
Dp
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
M hex
3
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0B0h
4
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
99h
5
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
92h
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
82h
Dng
phng
phap
quet
7
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0F8h
8 hn
1 ch vic
0 kt ni
0 nhiu led
0 7 on0 m ta phi
0 cn n
0 nhiu 0port ca80h
vi iu
9
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
90h

khin.Vy khc phc n s thc hin ti u ha :ta ni tt c cac chn nhn tin
hiu ca tt c cac led 7seg ch cn s dng n mt port ,vi d 2 led 7seg c cac
chn tin hiu ni vo cng p2.Dng ng ra cn li ca vi iu khin iu khin
on ,off cho led 7 seg.

Khi kt ni chung cac ng d liu ca led 7 on ,ta khng th cho cac led ny
sang ng thi (do nh hng ln nhau gia cac led )m phi thc hin theo
phng phap qut ,ngha l ti mt thi im ch sang mt led v tt cac led cn
li .Do hin tng lu nh ca mt ,ta s thy cac led sang ng thi (c im
ca mt ngi l 24hinh/s)

15

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CHNG 3.

Bao cao

M PHNG MCH V CHNG TRNH IU KHIN.

3.1. Mch iu khin v nguyn l hot ng:

3.1.1. Mch iu khin

Hinh 3-5 Mch iu khin

Trong :
Cng P0 nhn gia tr ng ra ca b chuyn i ADC
Cng P3 lm nhim v hin th led 7 on
Cng P2 c tin hiu ca ADC
3.1.2. Nguyn l hot ng
i tng cn o l i lng vt l,da vo cac c tinh ca i tng cn o
m ta chn mt loi cm bin ph hp bin i thng s i lng vt l cn
o thnh i lng in ,a vo mch ch bin tin hiu.
Cac tin hiu tng t ny c a ln lt vo tng knh ca b chuyn i
ADC qua gic jp1 tt c 8 knh tin hiu analog n t u ra ca cac mch bin
i tin hiu tng t cn phi c gia tr nm trong khong t 0-5VDC. Cac tin
hiu analog c a vo x l y l dng in, in ap mt chiu v xoay
chiu c bin i thnh in ap mt chiu t 0-5V, hoc l cac i lng
0

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

Bao cao

khac nh nhit , m, (ngha l bt k i lng bin thin lin tc no)

c bin i tng ng thnh gia tr in ap mt chiu t 0-5V.
Cac bc chuyn i ADC a vo b vi x l nh sau:
Chn mt knh tng t bng cach to cac a ch chn A, B, C.
Vin (+) v Vin (-): chn s 6 v chn s 7, y l 2 u vo tng t vi sai
Trong Vin=Vin(+) - Vin(-).
Vin (-) c ni ti t v V (+) c dng lm u vo tng t v s c chuyn
i v dng s.
Kich hot chn SC bng xung cao xung thp bt u chuyn i.
RD (Read): Chn s 2 l mt tin hiu vo, tich cc mc thp. Cac b chuyn
i u vo tng t thnh s nh phn v gi n mt thanh ghi trong. RD
c s dng c d liu c chuyn i ti u ra ca ADC0804. Khi
CS=0 nu c mt xung cao xung thp ap n chn RD th d liu ra dng s
8bit c a ti cac chn d liu (DB0 - DB7).
WR (Write): Chn s 3, y l chn vo tich cc mc thp c dng bao
cho ADC bit bt u qua trnh chuyn i. Nu CS=0 khi WR to ra xung cao
xung thp th b ADC0804 bt u qua trnh chuyn i gia tr u vo tng
t Vin v s nh phn 8 bit. Khi vic chuyn i hon tt th chn INTR c
ADC h xung thp.
CLK IN v CLK R: CLK IN (chn s 4) l chn vo ni ti ng h ngoi c
s dng to thi gian. Tuy nhin ADC0804 cng c mt b to xung ng
h ring. dng ng h ring th cac chn CLK IN v CLK R (chn s 19)
c ni vi mt t in v mt in tr.
Ngt INTR (Interput): Chn s 5, l chn ra tich cc mc thp. Bnh thng
chn ny trng thai cao v khi vic chuyn i hon tt th n xung thp
bao cho CPU bit l d liu chuyn i sn sng ly i. Sau khi INTR xung
thp, cn t CS=0 v gi mt xung cao xung thp ti chn RD a d liu
vo b vi x l.

Khi a tin hiu Digital th vi iu khin s hot ng nh sau:

in tr bng RP1: c tac dng lm in tr ko ln ngun.
1

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

Bao cao

Chn 18-19 c ni // vi thch anh 12Mhz. mch c nhim v to dao ng

cho vi iu khin.
T chn P1.0=>P1.4 ln lt c ni vi Vee, RS, RW ca LED. C nhim v
iu khin hot ng ca Led 7 on.
Chn P0.0=>P0.7. Giao tip vi ADC0804. Cng P1 ny c nhim v c nhit
thu c t b chuyn i.
P3.0=>P3.6. Ln lt c ni vi u vo d liu t A=>F ca led 7 thanh. C
chc nng iu khin hin th led 7 on theo thao tac khng ch v m o
c.
P2.0, P2.1 ln lt ni vi /RD v /WR ca ADC0804. Nhim v iu khin
hot ng ca b chuyn i s - tng t.

3.2. Chng trnh iu khin:

org

0000h

mov

P2, #0ffh

; chon P0, P2 lam dau vao

mov

P0, #0ffh

mov

P1, #0ffh

; tat LED

mov

30h,#0c6h

; dua ma 7 seg cua chu C vao o nho 30h

mov

31h,#9ch

; dua ma 7 seg cua dau DO vao o nho 31h

clr

P2.2

; dat INTR = 0 de dam bao hoat dong binh thuong

main:
acall doc_adc
acall xuly
acall hien_thi
sjmp main
doc_adc:
clr

P2.1 ; dat WR = 0

setb

P2.1 ; dat WR = 1 de bat dau chuyen doi

jb

P2.2, $

clr

P2.0 ; ket thuc chuyen doi: cho phep doc du lieu

; cho ket thuc chuyen doi

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

Bao cao

mov A, P0 ; doc du lieu vao thanh ghi a

ret

; ket thuc cong viec doc adc

xuly:
mov B,#100
div AB
hang don vi)

; nap 100 vao thanh ghi B

; chia A cho 10 (bo di so hang tram, chi lay so hang chuc va

mov R1,B

; luu so du vao R1

mov B,#10
mov A,R1

; luu so du vao A

div

; chia A cho 10

AB

acall bcd_to_7seg ; doi so bcd hang chuc thanh ma 7 doan

mov 33H, A

; cat ma 7 doan cua led hang chuc

mov A, B

; dua phan du vao Acc

acall bcd_to_7seg ; doi so bcd hang don vi thanh ma 7 doan

mov 32H, A
ret

; cat ma 7 doan cua led hang don vi

; ket thuc cong viec xu ly du lieu

hien_thi:
mov P1, #11111110b
mov P3, 30H

; cho led chu C sang

; xuat du lieu ma chu C

acall delay_5ms

; tre 5ms

mov P3, #0ffh

; tat LED

mov A, P1

; A = P1

RL

mov P1, A

; quay trai thanh ghi A 1 don vi

; P1 = A: quet led do

mov P3, 31H; xuat du lieu ma chu DO

acall delay_5ms

; tre 5ms

mov P3, #0ffh

; tat LED

mov A, P1

; A = P1

RL

; quay trai thanh ghi A 1 don vi

mov P1, A

; P1 = A: quet led don vi

mov P3, 32H

; xuat du lieu ma chu don vi

acall delay_5ms

; tre 5ms
3

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

Bao cao

mov P3, #0ffh

; tat LED

mov A, P1

; A = P1

RL

; quay trai thanh ghi A 1 don vi

mov P1, A ; P1 = A: quet led chuc

mov P3, 33H

; xuat du lieu ma chu hang chuc

acall delay_5ms

; tre 5ms

mov P3, #0ffh

ret

; tat LED
; ket thuc cong viec hien thi du lieu

bcd_to_7seg:

mov dptr, #ma7seg

movc A, @A+dptr
ret
delay_5ms:
push 00
push 01
push 02
mov

R0, #5

mov

R1, #2

mov R2, #248

djnz

R2, $

djnz

R1, $-4

djnz

R0, $-8

pop

02

pop

01

pop

00

ret
ma7seg:; ma 7 doan cho led Anot chung
db

0c0h, 0f9h, 0a4h, 0b0h, 99h, 92h, 82h, 0f8h, 80h, 90h

end

Trng H Giao Thng Vn Ti

Bao cao

CHNG 4.

TNG KT

4.1. Kt qu thu c:
H thng hot ng n nh vi chnh xac tng i
u im: Mch s dng linh kin n gin thng dng trn th trng d tm
kim vi gia r ng dng rng ri trong h thng cng nghip.
Nhc im: Bn cnh nhng u im th vn cn nhng khuyt im th h
thng vn cn nhiu hn ch nh: Thang o cha ln ,sai s cn ln do sai s
linh kin v tinh toan
4.2. Hng phat trin cua ti:
C th m rng thang o ng dng rng ri hn trong cng nghip
Trn c s l thuyt v k thut in, k thut vi iu khin, vi x l ti nghin
cu thit k h o a knh 8 bit ADC 0804 kt qu hin th trn led 7 on (thng s ly t
cm bin LM35).
ti nu ln ng dng c bn ca vi x l trong lnh vc iu khin. Bn cnh
ti m ra mt hng phat trin mi tip tc phat trin l tip tc nghin cu phn
giao tip vi h thng may tinh, h thng hin th LED 7 on.
4.3. Kt lun:
Sau thi gian nghin cu v lm vic mt cach nghim tc vi s gip nhit tnh
ca thy Khi cng thy c trong khoa in in t, chng em hon thnh ti:
o nhit s dng cm bin LM35 s dng ADC 0804 v Vi x l AT 89C52. Trong
qua trnh thc hin nhm chng em vn dng c nhng kin thc hc, t mnh
anh gia trnh ca bn thn, cng nhau nghin cu ti liu v hc hi ln nhau tm ra
nhng kin thc mi.
Trong qua trnh lm vic chng em bit cac kt hp gia l thuyt v thc hnh.
Hn th na, chng em cn quen dn vi cach lm vic c lp, bit cach t chc cng
vic, sp xp theo thi gian mt cach hp l, c hiu qu. Chng em rt mong nhn c
nhng kin nhn xt ca cac thy c v cac bn bi bao cao chng em hon thin hn.
Chng em chn thnh cm n!