Minor of matrix:Let A be an m x n , select any r rows from matrix
and then choose columns from these r rows ,there by we get square matrix of order r x r.| | is called minor of order r. Rank of matrix :Let a be non-zero matrix , then integer r is called rank of a if :() There if ther exists atlist a minor of order r , which is nonzero ()Every minor of order greater than r is zero. (i)Rank < order of A |A| = 0 Inverse does not exists (ii)Rank A = order of A |A| 0 Inverse exists.
Normal form or canonical matrix:Let A be an m x n matrix of rank r, then A can be
reduced to the form of [ ] by performing elementary
operation on A. 1
Matrices
Rank of the Matrices
Theory
This form is called normal or canonical form of A.
Reduction of a matrix A to normal form PAQ :
Theorem : If A is a matrix of rank r then there exist nonsingular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is in normal form Ir0 00 .
Note : (1) P and Q are not unique.
(2) If A is m n matrix write A = Im A In. In order in reduce A into a normal form whatever row operations we are performing on A same row transformations should be performed on Im and whatever column transformations we are performing on A same column transformations should be performed on In.