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PrelectureConceptQuestion17.06
PartA
Ifboththepressureandvolumeofagivensampleofanidealgasaredoubled,whathappenstothetemperatureofthe
gasinKelvins?
ANSWER:
Thetemperatureofthegasisreducedtoonehalfitsoriginalvalue.
Thetemperatureofthegasinincreasedbyfourtimesitsoriginalvalue.
Thetemperatureofthegasisreducedtoonefourthitsoriginalvalue.
Thetemperatureremainsconstant.
Thetemperatureofthegasisincreasedbytwotimesitsoriginalvalue.
Correct
PrelectureConceptQuestion17.04
PartA
Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretrue?
Checkallthatapply.
ANSWER:
Watercontractsasitfreezesat0C.
Solidiceislessdensethanliquidwater.
Liquidwaterexpandswithincreasingtemperatureabove4C.
Liquidwaterexpandswithincreasingtemperaturebetween0Cand4C.
Correct
CalorimetryConceptualQuestion
A0.5kgblockofaluminum(caluminum = 900 J/kg C)isheatedto200 C.Theblockisthenquicklyplacedinan
insulatedtubofcoldwaterat0 C(cwater = 4186 J/kg C)andsealed.Atequilibrium,thetemperatureofthewaterand
blockaremeasuredtobe20 C.
PartA
kg
Iftheoriginalexperimentisrepeatedwitha1.0kgaluminumblock,whatisthefinaltemperatureofthewaterand
block?
Hint1.Heatenergyandtemperature
TheamountofheatenergyQneededtochangethetemperatureofasubstancedependsonthemassofthe
substancem,thespecificheatofthesubstancec,andthechangeinthetemperatureT ofthesubstance.
Thisissummarizedmathematicallyas
.
Q = mc(T )
Hint2.Conservationofenergy
Thetotalamountofenergyinthesystemmustbeconserved.Oncetheblockisplacedincontactwiththecold
water,heatenergywillflowfromthehottestblockintothecoldwater,loweringthetemperatureoftheblockand
raisingthetemperatureofthewater.Alargerblockcantransferalargeramountofheatenergyforagiven
changeintemperature.Thiswillresultinalargerequilibriumtemperature.
ANSWER:
lessthan20 C
20 C
greaterthan20 C
Correct
PartB
Iftheoriginalexperimentisrepeatedwitha1.0kgcopper(ccopper
temperatureofthewaterandblock?
= 387J/kg
)block,whatisthefinal
ANSWER:
lessthan20 C
20 C
greaterthan20 C
Correct
PartC
Iftheoriginalexperimentisrepeatedbut100gofthe0 Cwaterisreplacedwith100gof0 Cice,whatisthefinal
temperatureofthewaterandblock?
Hint1.Latentheatoffusion
Thelatentheatoffusionistheamountofheatenergyneededtomelt1.0kgofasubstance.Thelatentheatof
fusionoficeis334,000J/kg.
ANSWER:
lessthan20 C
20 C
greaterthan20 C
Correct
PartD
Iftheoriginalexperimentisrepeatedbut100gofthe0 Cwaterisreplacedwithonly25gof0 Cice,whatisthefinal
temperatureofthewaterandblock?
Hint1.Findtheequilibriumtemperature
Intheoriginalexperiment,thetemperatureof100gof0 Cwaterwasraisedby20 C.TheamountofheatQ
requiredtodothiscanbefoundasfollows.ForspecificheatcandchangeintemperatureT ,
,
Q = mc(T )
or
Q = (0.1kg)(4186 J/kg
Therefore,Q
= 8372 J
C)(20 C)
Ismoreorlessenergythanthisrequiredtomeltandheat25goficeto20 C?
Hint1.Howtoapproachtheproblem
Theamountofenergyrequiredtomeltandheat25goficeto20 Ccanbebrokenintotwoparts:the
energyrequiredtomelttheiceandtheenergyrequiredtoheatthewateraftertheicemelts.
ANSWER:
more
less
ANSWER:
lessthan20 C
20 C
greaterthan20 C
Correct
Problem19.9
PartA
L
Howmuchenergyisrequiredtobringa1.6Lpotofwaterat24 Cto100 C?
Expressyouranswerusingtwosignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
= 5.1105 J
Correct
PartB
Forhowlongcouldthisamountofenergyruna100Wlightbulb?
Expressyouranswerusingtwosignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
t
= 85 min
Correct
Problem19.20
A60gicecubeatitsmeltingpointisdroppedintoaninsulatedcontainerofliquidnitrogen.
PartA
Howmuchnitrogenevaporatesifitisatitsboilingpointof77Kandhasalatentheatofvaporizationof200kJ/kg?
Assumeforsimplicitythatthespecificheatoficeisaconstantandisequaltoitsvaluenearitsmeltingpoint.
Expressyouranswerusingtwosignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
m
= 0.12 kg
Correct
AverageVelocityfromaPositionvs.TimeGraph
LearningGoal:
Tolearntoreadagraphofpositionversustimeandtocalculateaveragevelocity.
Inthisproblemyouwilldeterminetheaveragevelocityofamovingobjectfromthegraphofitspositionx(t)asafunction
oftimet.Atravelingobjectmightmoveatdifferentspeedsandindifferentdirectionsduringanintervaloftime,butifwe
askatwhatconstantvelocitytheobjectwouldhavetotraveltoachievethesamedisplacementoverthegiventime
interval,thatiswhatwecalltheobject'saveragevelocity.Wewillusethenotationv ave [t1 , t2 ] toindicateaveragevelocity
overthetimeintervalfromt1 tot2 .Forinstance,v ave [1, 3]istheaveragevelocityoverthetimeintervalfromt = 1 to
t = 3.
PartA
Consultingthegraphshowninthefigure,findtheobject'saveragevelocityoverthetimeintervalfrom0to1second.
Answertothenearestinteger.
Hint1.Definitionofaveragevelocity
Averagevelocityisdefinedastheconstantvelocityatwhichanobjectwouldhavetotraveltoachieveagiven
displacement(differencebetweenfinalandinitialpositions,whichcanbenegative)overagiventimeinterval,
fromtheinitialtimeti tothefinaltimetf .Theaveragevelocityisthereforeequaltothedisplacementdividedby
thegiventimeinterval.Insymbolicform,averagevelocityisgivenby
vave [ti , tf ] =
x(t f )x(t i )
t f t i
ANSWER:
v ave [0, 1]
= 0 m/s
Correct
PartB
Findtheaveragevelocityoverthetimeintervalfrom1to3seconds.
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecondtothenearestinteger.
Hint1.Findthechangeinposition
Thefinalandinitialpositionscanbereadofftheyaxisofthegraph.Whatisthedisplacementduringthetime
intervalfrom1to3seconds?
Expressyouranswernumerically,inmeters
ANSWER:
xf xi
= 40 m
Hint2.Definitionofaveragevelocity
Averagevelocityisdefinedastheconstantvelocityatwhichanobjectwouldhavetotraveltoachieveagiven
displacement(differencebetweenfinalandinitialpositions,whichcanbenegative)overagiventimeinterval,
fromtheinitialtimeti tothefinaltimetf .Theaveragevelocityisthereforeequaltothedisplacementdividedby
thegiventimeinterval.Insymbolicform,averagevelocityisgivenby
vave [ti , tf ] =
x(t f )x(t i )
t f t i
ANSWER:
v ave [1, 3]
= 20 m/s
Correct
Anoteaboutinstantaneousvelocity.Theinstantaneousvelocityatacertainmomentintimeisrepresentedbythe
slopeofthegraphatthatmoment.Forstraightlinegraphs,the(instantaneous)velocityremainsconstantoverthe
interval,sotheinstantaneousvelocityatanytimeduringanintervalisthesameastheaveragevelocityoverthat
interval.Forinstance,inthiscase,theinstantaneousvelocityatanytimefrom1to3secondsisthesameasthe
averagevelocityof20 m/s.
PartC
Nowfindv ave [0, 3].
Giveyouranswertothreesignificantfigures.
Hint1.Anoteonthedisplacement
Sincetheobject'spositionremainsconstantfromtime0totime1,theobject'sdisplacementfrom0to3isthe
sameasinPartB.However,thetimeintervalhaschanged.
ANSWER:
v ave [0, 3]
= 13.3 m/s
Correct
Notethatv ave [0, 3]isnotequaltothesimplearithmeticaverageofv ave [0, 1]andv ave [1, 3],i.e.,
vave [0,1]+vave [1,3]
2
,becausetheyareaveragesfortimeintervalsofdifferentlengths.
PartD
Findtheaveragevelocityoverthetimeintervalfrom3to6seconds.
Expressyouranswertothreesignificantfigures.
Hint1.Determinethedisplacement
Whatisthedisplacement?
Answertothenearestinteger.
ANSWER:
= 40 m
x(6.0) x(3.0)
Hint2.Determinethetimeinterval
Whatisthetimeinterval?
Answertotwosignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
tf ti
= 3.0 s
ANSWER:
= 13.3 m/s
Correct
PartE
Finally,findtheaveragevelocityoverthewholetimeintervalshowninthegraph.
Expressyouranswertothreesignificantfigures.
Hint1.Determinethedisplacement
Whatisthedisplacement?
Answertothenearestinteger.
ANSWER:
= 0 m
x(6.0) x(0.0)
ANSWER:
= 0 m/s
Correct
Notethatthoughtheaveragevelocityiszeroforthistimeinterval,theinstantaneousvelocity(i.e.,theslopeofthe
graph)hasseveraldifferentvalues(positive,negative,zero)duringthistimeinterval.
Noteaswellthatsinceaveragevelocityoveratimeintervalisdefinedasthechangeinposition(displacement)in
thegivenintervaldividedbythetime,theobjectcantravelagreatdistance(here80meters)andstillhavezero
averagevelocity,sinceitendedupexactlywhereitstarted.Therefore,zeroaveragevelocitydoesnotnecessarily
meanthattheobjectwasstandingstilltheentiretime!
WhatVelocityvs.TimeGraphsCanTellYou
Acommongraphicalrepresentationofmotionalongastraightlineisthevvs.tgraph,thatis,thegraphof(instantaneous)
velocityasafunctionoftime.Inthisgraph,timetisplottedonthehorizontalaxisandvelocityv ontheverticalaxis.Note
thatbydefinition,velocityandaccelerationarevectorquantities.Instraightlinemotion,however,thesevectorshaveonlya
singlenonzerocomponentinthedirectionofmotion.Thus,inthisproblem,wewillcallv thevelocityandathe
acceleration,eventhoughtheyarereallythecomponentsofthevelocityandaccelerationvectorsinthedirectionofmotion,
respectively.
Hereisaplotofvelocityversustimeforaparticlethattravelsalongastraightlinewithavaryingvelocity.Refertothisplot
toanswerthefollowingquestions.
PartA
Whatistheinitialvelocityoftheparticle,v 0 ?
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecond.
Hint1.Initialvelocity
Theinitialvelocityisthevelocityatt
= 0 s
Hint2.Howtoreadavvs.tgraph
Recallthatinagraphofvelocityversustime,timeisplottedonthehorizontalaxisandvelocityonthevertical
axis.Forexample,intheplotshowninthefigure,v = 2.00 m/satt = 30.0 s.
ANSWER:
v0
= 0.5 m/s
Correct
PartB
Whatisthetotaldistancextraveledbytheparticle?
Expressyouranswerinmeters.
Hint1.Howtoapproachtheproblem
Recallthattheareaoftheregionthatextendsoveratimeintervaltunderthevvs.tcurveisalwaysequalto
thedistancetraveledint.Thus,tocalculatethetotaldistance,youneedtofindtheareaoftheentireregion
underthevvs.tcurve.Inthecaseathand,theentireregionunderthevvs.tcurveisnotanelementary
geometricalfigure,butratheracombinationoftrianglesandrectangles.
Hint2.Findthedistancetraveledinthefirst20.0seconds
Whatisthedistancex1 traveledinthefirst20secondsofmotion,betweent
andt
= 0.0 s
= 20.0 s
Expressyouranswerinmeters.
Hint1.Areaoftheregionunderthevvs.tcurve
Theregionunderthevvs.tcurvebetweent = 0.0 sandt = 20.0 scanbedividedintoarectangleof
dimensions20.0 sby0.50 m/s,andatriangleofbase20.0 sandheight1.50 m/s,asshowninthe
figure.
ANSWER:
x1
= 25 m
Hint3.Findthedistancetraveledinthesecond20.0seconds
Whatisthedistancex2 traveledinthesecond20secondsofmotion,fromt
= 20.0 s
tot
= 40.0 s
Expressyouranswerinmeters.
Hint1.Areaoftheregionunderthevvs.tcurve
Theregionunderthevvs.tcurvebetweent
20.0 sby 2.00 m/s,asshowninthefigure.
= 20.0 s
andt
= 40.0 s
isarectangleofdimensions
ANSWER:
x2
= 40 m
Hint4.Findthedistancetraveledinthelast10.0seconds
Whatisthedistancex3 traveledinthelast10secondsofmotion,fromt
= 40.0 s
tot
= 50.0 s
Expressyouranswerinmeters.
Hint1.Areaoftheregionunderthevvs.tcurve
Theregionunderthevvs.tcurvebetweent
height2.00 m/s,asshowninthefigure.
= 40.0 s
andt
= 50.0 s
isatriangleofbase10.0 sand
ANSWER:
x3
= 10 m
ANSWER:
x
= 75 m
Correct
PartC
Whatistheaverageaccelerationaav oftheparticleoverthefirst20.0seconds?
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecondpersecond.
Hint1.Definitionandgraphicalinterpretationofaverageacceleration
Theaverageaccelerationaav ofaparticlethattravelsalongastraightlineinatimeintervaltistheratioof
thechangeinvelocityv experiencedbytheparticletothetimeintervalt,or
aav =
v
t
Inavvs.tgraph,then,theaverageaccelerationequalstheslopeofthelineconnectingthetwopoints
representingtheinitialandfinalvelocities.
Hint2.Slopeofaline
TheslopemofalinefrompointA,ofcoordinates(xA , yA ),topointB,ofcoordinates(xB , yB ),isequaltothe
"rise"overthe"run,"or
m=
y B y A
x B x A
ANSWER:
aav
= 0.075 m/s2
Correct
Theaverageaccelerationofaparticlebetweentwoinstantsoftimeistheslopeofthelineconnectingthetwo
correspondingpointsinavvs.tgraph.
PartD
Whatistheinstantaneousaccelerationaoftheparticleatt
= 45.0 s
Hint1.Graphicalinterpretationofinstantaneousacceleration
Theaccelerationofaparticleatanygiveninstantoftimeoratanypointinitspathiscalledtheinstantaneous
acceleration.Ifthevvs.tgraphoftheparticle'smotionisknown,youcandirectlydeterminetheinstantaneous
accelerationatanypointonthecurve.Theinstantaneousaccelerationatanypointisequaltotheslopeofthe
linetangenttothecurveatthatpoint.
Hint2.Slopeofaline
TheslopemofalinefrompointA,ofcoordinates(xA , yA ),topointB,ofcoordinates(xB , yB ),isequaltothe
"rise"overthe"run,"or
m=
y B y A
x B x A
ANSWER:
1m/s2
0.20m/s2
=
0.20m/s2
0.022m/s2
0.022m/s2
Correct
Theinstantaneousaccelerationofaparticleatanypointonavvs.tgraphistheslopeofthelinetangenttothe
curveatthatpoint.Sinceinthelast10secondsofmotion,betweent = 40.0 sandt = 50.0 s,thecurveisa
straightline,thetangentlineisthecurveitself.Physically,thismeansthattheinstantaneousaccelerationofthe
particleisconstantoverthattimeinterval.Thisistrueforanymotionwherevelocityincreaseslinearlywithtime.
Inthecaseathand,canyouthinkofanothertimeintervalinwhichtheaccelerationoftheparticleisconstant?
Nowthatyouhavereviewedhowtoplotvariablesasafunctionoftime,youcanusethesametechniqueanddrawan
accelerationvs.timegraph,thatis,thegraphof(instantaneous)accelerationasafunctionoftime.Asusualinthesetypes
ofgraphs,timetisplottedonthehorizontalaxis,whiletheverticalaxisisusedtoindicateaccelerationa.
PartE
Whichofthegraphsshownbelowisthecorrectaccelerationvs.timeplotforthemotiondescribedintheprevious
parts?
Hint1.Howtoapproachtheproblem
Recallthatwhenevervelocityincreaseslinearlywithtime,accelerationisconstant.Intheexamplehere,the
particle'svelocityincreaseslinearlywithtimeinthefirst20.0sofmotion.Inthesecond20.0s,theparticle's
velocityisconstant,andthenitdecreaseslinearlywithtimeinthelast10s.Thismeansthattheparticle's
accelerationisconstantovereachtimeinterval,butitsvalueisdifferentineachinterval.
Hint2.Findtheaccelerationinthefirst20s
Whatisa1 ,theparticle'saccelerationinthefirst20sofmotion,betweent
andt
= 0.0 s
= 20.0 s
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecondpersecond.
Hint1.Constantacceleration
Sincewehavealreadydeterminedthatinthefirst20sofmotiontheparticle'saccelerationisconstant,
itsconstantvaluewillbeequaltotheaverageaccelerationthatyoucalculatedinPartC.
ANSWER:
a1
= 0.075 m/s2
Hint3.Findtheaccelerationinthesecond20s
Whatisa2 ,theparticle'saccelerationinthesecond20sofmotion,betweent
= 20.0 s
andt
= 40.0 s
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecondpersecond.
Hint1.Constantvelocity
Inthesecond20sofmotion,theparticle'svelocityremainsunchanged.Thismeansthatinthistime
interval,theparticledoesnotaccelerate.
ANSWER:
a2
= 0 m/s2
Hint4.Findtheaccelerationinthelast10s
Whatisa3 ,theparticle'saccelerationinthelast10sofmotion,betweent
= 40.0 s
andt
= 50.0 s
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecondpersecond.
Hint1.Constantacceleration
Sincewehavealreadydeterminedthatinthelast10sofmotiontheparticle'saccelerationisconstant,
itsconstantvaluewillbeequaltotheinstantaneousaccelerationthatyoucalculatedinPartD.
ANSWER:
a3
= 0.20 m/s2
ANSWER:
GraphA
GraphB
GraphC
GraphD
Correct
Inconclusion,graphsofvelocityasafunctionoftimeareausefulrepresentationofstraightlinemotion.Ifread
correctly,theycanprovideyouwithalltheinformationyouneedtostudythemotion.
AnalyzingPositionversusTimeGraphs:ConceptualQuestion
Twocarstravelontheparallellanesofatwolaneroad.Thecarsmotionsarerepresentedbythepositionversustime
graphshowninthefigure.Answerthequestionsusingthetimesfromthegraphindicatedbyletters.
PartA
Atwhichofthetimesdothetwocarspasseachother?
Hint1.Twocarspassing
Twoobjectscanpasseachotheronlyiftheyhavethesamepositionatthesametime.
ANSWER:
A
B
C
D
E
None
Cannotbedetermined
Correct
PartB
Arethetwocarstravelinginthesamedirectionwhentheypasseachother?
ANSWER:
yes
no
Correct
PartC
Atwhichoftheletteredtimes,ifany,doescar#1momentarilystop?
Hint1.Determiningvelocityfromapositionversustimegraph
Theslopeonapositionversustimegraphisthe"rise"(changeinposition)overthe"run"(changeintime).In
physics,theratioofchangeinpositionoverchangeintimeisdefinedasthevelocity.Thus,theslopeona
positionversustimegraphisthevelocityoftheobjectbeinggraphed.
ANSWER:
A
B
C
D
E
none
cannotbedetermined
Correct
PartD
Atwhichoftheletteredtimes,ifany,doescar#2momentarilystop?
Hint1.Determiningvelocityfromapositionversustimegraph
Theslopeonapositionversustimegraphisthe"rise"(changeinposition)overthe"run"(changeintime).In
physics,theratioofchangeinpositionoverchangeintimeisdefinedasthevelocity.Thus,theslopeona
positionversustimegraphisthevelocityoftheobjectbeinggraphed.
ANSWER:
A
B
C
D
E
none
cannotbedetermined
Correct
PartE
Atwhichoftheletteredtimesarethecarsmovingwithnearlyidenticalvelocity?
Hint1.DeterminingVelocityfromaPositionversusTimeGraph
Theslopeonapositionversustimegraphistherise(changeinposition)overtherun(changeintime).In
physics,theratioofchangeinpositionoverchangeintimeisdefinedasthevelocity.Thus,theslopeona
positionversustimegraphisthevelocityoftheobjectbeinggraphed.
ANSWER:
A
B
C
D
E
None
Cannotbedetermined
Correct
PrelectureConceptQuestion2.05
PartA
Supposethatyoutossarockupwardsothatitrisesandthenfallsbacktotheearth.Iftheaccelerationduetogravity
is9.8m/sec 2,whatistherocksaccelerationattheinstantthatitreachesthetopofitstrajectory(whereitsvelocityis
momentarilyzero)?Assumethatairresistanceisnegligible.
ANSWER:
Therockhasadownwardaccelerationof9.8m/s 2.
Therockhasadownwardaccelerationof19.6m/s 2.
Theaccelerationoftherockiszero.
Therockhasanupwardaccelerationof9.8m/s 2.
Therockhasanupwardaccelerationof19.6m/s 2.
Correct
Problem2.57
PartA
Ifanobjectwasfreelyfalling,fromwhatheightwoulditneedtobedroppedtoreachaspeedof70.0m/sbefore
reachingtheground?
ANSWER:
322m
250m
712m
500m
189m
Correct
Problem2.81
Astoneisthrownverticallyupwardwithaspeedof12.0m/sfromtheedgeofacliff75.0mhigh.
PartA
Howmuchlaterdoesitreachthebottomofthecliff?
Expressyouranswerusingthreesignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
t
= 5.32 s
Correct
PartB
Whatisitsspeedjustbeforehitting?
Expressyouranswerusingthreesignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
v
= 40.2 m/s
Correct
PartC
Whattotaldistancedidittravel?
Expressyouranswerusingthreesignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
= 89.7 m
Correct
AFleainFlight
Inthisproblem,youwillapplykinematicequationstoajumpingflea.Takethemagnitudeoffreefallaccelerationtobe9.80
2
m/s .Ignoreairresistance.
PartA
Afleajumpsstraightuptoamaximumheightof0.390m.Whatisitsinitialvelocityv 0 asitleavestheground?
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecondtothreesignificantfigures.
Hint1.Findingtheknownsandunknowns
Takethepositiveydirectiontobeupward,theycoordinateoftheinitialpositionofthefleatobey0 = 0,and
denotethefinalheightofthefleabyy1 ,whosevalue0.390myouknow.Lettbethedurationoftheflea'sleap
toitsmaximumheight,v 0 itsinitialvelocity,v 1 itsfinalvelocity(atmaximumheight),anday its(constant)
acceleration.Whichofthefollowingquantitiesis/areknown?
Checkallthatapply.
Hint1.Thenumberofknownquantities
Typically,youneedtoknowthevaluesoffourvariablesinordertosolveanyofthekinematicequations,
becausetheycontainfivevariableseach,withtheexceptionofv 1 = v 0 + ay t,whichcontainsonlyfour
variables,inwhichcaseyouwouldneedtoknowthevaluesofonlythreeofthesevariables.Sincewe
mayplacethefleaatanypointoftheyaxistobeginitsjump,wehaveconvenientlyassumedthaty0 is
equalto0.
Hint2.Whatistheflea'svelocityatitsmaximumheight?
Whatisthevelocityv 1 ofthefleaatitsmaximumheightofy1
0.390m?
Expressyouranswerinmeterspersecondtothreesignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
v1
= 0 m/s
ANSWER:
t
v0
v1
ay
Hint2.Determinewhichkinematicequationtouse
Decidewhichkinematicequationmakesthesolutionofthisproblemeasiest.Thatis,lookforanequationthat
containsthevariableyouaresolvingforandinwhichalltheothervariablesareknown.
ANSWER:
v1
= v 0 + ay t
= y0 + v0 t +
v 21
= v
2
0
1
2
ay t
+ 2ay (y 1 y 0 )
y1 y0 = (
v0 +v1
2
)t
Hint3.Somealgebrahelp
Youhavedeterminedthatthesimplestequationtouseis
+ 2ay (y y ).
1
0
0
Tosolveforv 0 ,youmustfirstsubtracttheterm2ay (y1 y0 )frombothsidesoftheequation,andthentake
thesquarerootofbothsides.Keepinmindthattheaccelerationisnegative.
v
2
1
= v
ANSWER:
v0
= 2.76 m/s
Correct
PartB
Howlongisthefleaintheairfromthetimeitjumpstothetimeithitstheground?
Expressyouranswerinsecondstothreesignificantfigures.
Hint1.Howtoapproachtheproblem
Oneapproachistofindthetimeittakesforthefleatogofromthegroundtoitsmaximumheight,andthenfind
thetimeittakesforthefleatofallfromitsmaximumheighttotheground.Thesubsequenthintswillguideyou
throughthisapproach.
Hint2.Findthetimefromthegroundtotheflea'smaximumheight
Whatisthetimetup ittakesthefleatogofromtheground(y0
m, v 1 = 0 m)?
Expressyouranswerinsecondstothreesignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
= 0 m v0
)toitsmaximumheight(y1
0.390
t up
= 0.282 s
Hint3.Findthetimefromtheflea'smaximumheighttotheground
Whatisthetimetdown thatittakesforthefleatofallfromitsmaximumheight(y0
theground(y1 = 0 m)?
0.390m,v 0
)to
= 0 m
Expressyouranswerinsecondstothreesignificantfigures.
ANSWER:
t down
= 0.282 s
ANSWER:
timeinair= 0.564 s
Correct
Noticethatthetimeforthefleatorisetoitsmaximumheightisequaltothetimeittakesforittofallfromthat
heightbacktotheground.Thisisageneralfeatureofprojectilemotion(anymotionwitha = g)whenair
resistanceisneglectedandthelandingpointisatthesameheightasthelaunchpoint.
Thereisalsoawaytofindthetotaltimeintheairinonestep:justuse
y= y
+ v0 t +
andrealizethatyouarelookingforthevalueoftforwhichy
ScoreSummary:
Yourscoreonthisassignmentis94.6%.
Youreceived132.44outofapossibletotalof140points.
1
2
= y
ay t