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Capítulo 30 (5th Edition) PDF
Capítulo 30 (5th Edition) PDF
Capítulo 30 (5th Edition) PDF
0I
2R
0q(v/2 R)
= 12.5 T
2R
30.1
B=
*30.2
We use the Biot-Savart law. For bits of wire along the straight-line sections, ds is at 0 or 180
to ~, so ds ~= 0. Thus, only the curved section of wire contributes to B at P. Hence, ds is
tangent to the arc and ~ is radially inward; so ds ~=
ds
l sin 90 = d s
. All points
along the curve are the same distance r = 0.600 m from the field point, so
B=
dB
all current
0 I ds ~
I
ds
= 0 2
2
r
4
4 r
0 I
2 s
4 r
T m (3.00 A)
A (0.600 m)2 (0.314 m)
30.3
(a)
B=
40I
3
l
cos cos where a =
4
4
2
4 a
B=
(b)
4.00 106 2
2
0I
0 I
(4 2 107)(10.0)
=
=
= 24.7 T into the paper
2R
4l
4(0.400)
B<4
4 10 7 T m / A (10.0 A )
0I
= 4
= 40.0 T
2 a
2 (0.200 m )
Forming the wire into a circle should not significantly change the magnetic field at the center since
the average distance of the wire from the center will not be much different.
O: Each side of the square is simply a section of a thin, straight conductor, so the solution derived from
the Biot-Savart law in Example 30.1 can be applied to part (a) of this problem. For part (b), the BiotSavart law can also be used to derive the equation for the magnetic field at the center of a circular
current loop as shown in Example 30.3.
A : (a) We use Equation 30.4 for the field created by each side of the square. Each side contributes a field
away from you at the center, so together they produce a magnetic field:
B=
so at the center of the square,
6
4 0 I
3 4 4 10 T m / A (10.0 A ) 2
2
=
cos cos
+
4 a
4
4
4 (0.200 m )
2
2
(b) As in the first part of the problem, the direction of the magnetic field will be into the page. The
new radius is found from the length of wire: 4 = 2 R, so R = 2 / = 0.255 m. Equation 30.8 gives
the magnetic field at the center of a circular current loop:
B=
0 I (4 10 7 T m / A)(10.0 A )
=
= 2.47 10 5 T = 24.7 T
2R
2(0.255 m)
Caution! If you use your calculator, it may not understand the keystrokes:
.
get the right answer, you may need to use
To
L : The magnetic field in part (a) is less than 40 T as we predicted. Also, the magnetic fields from the
square and circular loops are similar in magnitude, with the field from the circular loop being about
15% less than from the square loop.
Quick tip: A simple way to use your right hand to find the magnetic field due to a current
loop is to curl the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the current. Your extended
thumb will then point in the direction of the magnetic field within the loop or solenoid.
0 I 4 10 7 (1.00 A)
=
= 2.00 10-7 T
2 r
2 (1.00 m)
30.4
B=
30.5
0I
2R
0I
1 0I
into the paper
=
4 x
2 2 x
R=
0 I 20.0 10 7
=
= 31.4 cm
2B
2.00 10 5
30.6
B=
30.7
We can think of the total magnetic field as the superposition of the field due to the long
straight wire (having magnitude 0 I 2 R and directed into the page) and the field due to the
circular loop (having magnitude 0 I 2R and directed into the page). The resultant magnetic
field is:
7
1 0I
1 4 10 T m / A (7.00 A )
B= 1 +
= 1 +
= 5.80 10 5 T
2R
2(0.100 m )
or
30.8
B = 58.0 T
We can think of the total magnetic field as the superposition of the field due to the long
straight wire (having magnitude 0 I 2 R and directed into the page) and the field due to the
circular loop (having magnitude 0 I 2R and directed into the page). The resultant magnetic
field is:
1 0I
B= 1 +
2R
30.9
1 0I 0I
=
into the paper
4 2R 8R
B=
(4 10 7 T m / A)(5.00 A)
= 26.2 T into the paper
8(0.0300 m)
0 IR 2
2 x +R
2
1.00
2 32
0.80
B/B
1
B
=
B0 ( x R)2 + 1
or
0.60
0
32
0.40
0.20
0.00
0.00
1.00
2.00
where B0 0 I 2R.
xR
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
30.11
dB =
B=
B=
30.12
B B0
1.00
0.354
0.0894
0.0316
0.0143
0.00754
0 I d1 ~
4 r 2
1
1
0 I 6 2 a 6 2 b
4 a2
b2
0 I 1 1
directed out of the paper
12 a b
B=
B=
0I
cos 0
4 a
toward you
d 2 + a2
d
0I
4 d
a
+
2
d + a2
0I
4 a
d
cos 180 toward you
2
d + a2
0 I a2 + d 2 d a2 + d 2
2 a d a2 + d 2
3.00
x/R
4.00
5.00
1
2
0I
0I
0I
2 R + 4 R (cos 90.0 cos 135) + 4 R (cos 45.0 cos 135)
B=
0I
(cos 45.0 cos 90.0) into the page
4 R
0I 1
1
I
(into the page)
= 0.475 0
+
R
R 4 2
Label the wires 1, 2, and 3 as shown in Figure (a) and let the
magnetic field created by the currents in these wires be
B1 , B2 , and B3 respectively.
30.14
(a)
At Point A : B1 = B2 =
0I
0I
and B3 =
.
2 ( 3a)
2 a 2
Figure (a)
0I 2
1
cos 45.0 +
2 a 2
3
(4 10 T m A)(2.00 A) 2 cos 45 + 1 =
=
2
3
2 (1.00 10 m )
7
BA
(b)
BB =
(c)
(4 10
T m A ( 2.00 A )
2 ( 2) 1.00 10
53.3 T
Figure (b)
0I
.
2 ( 2a)
= 20.0 T
Figure (c)
0I
I
and B3 = 0 with the directions shown in Figure (c). Again,
2 a
2 a 2
the horizontal components of B1 and B2 cancel. The vertical components both oppose B3
giving
At point C : B1 = B2 =
I I 2 cos 45.0
I
0
BC = 2
cos 45.0 0 = 0
1 = 0
2
2
a
2
2 a 2
30.15
2.00 10 7 T m ( 3.00 A )
0I
=
2 a
A(0.0500 m )
B1 =
(2.00 10
T m ( 3.00 A )
A(0.120 m )
*30.16
(a)
B=
4 10 7 T m A ( 5.00 A )
0I
k=
k
2 r
2 (0.100 m )
)] (
(c)
B=
4 10 7 T m A (8.00 A )
0I
k) =
(
( k) = (1.60 105 T) ( k)
2 r
2 (0.100 m )
] (
30.17
0 I1I2 l 1
1
c i
c
+
a
F=
(4 10
0 I1I 2 l 1
I I l a
1
i
i= 0 1 2
2
2 c(c + a)
c+a c
i
(0.100 m)(0.250 m)
2
F = ( 2.70 10 5 i) N
or
F = 2.70 10 5 N
L : The net force is to the left and in the N range as we expected. The symbolic representation of the net
force on the loop shows that the net force would be zero if either current disappeared, if either
dimension of the loop became very small ( a 0 or l 0), or if the magnetic field were uniform
( c ) .
30.18
(b)
mg 2 a
tan 8.00
l 0
so
I = 67.8 A
0I
2 a
= 7.07 T
30.20
Let the current I flow to the right. It creates a field B = 0 I 2 d at the proton's location.
And we have a balance between the weight of the proton and the magnetic force
mg( j) + qv( i)
d=
30.21
0I
(k) = 0 at a distance d from the wire
2 d
qv 0 I
(1.60 10 19 C)(2.30 10 4 m / s)(4 10 7 T m / A)(1.20 10 6 A)
=
= 5.40 cm
2 mg
2 (1.67 10 27 kg) (9.80 m / s 2 )
From Ampre's law, the magnetic field at point a is given by Ba = 0 I a 2 r a , where I a is the
net current flowing through the area of the circle of radius r a . In this case, I a = 1.00 A out of
the page (the current in the inner conductor), so
Ba =
(4 10
T m / A (1.00 A)
2 (1.00 10 3 m)
Similarly at point b : Bb =
0 Ib
, where Ib is the net current flowing through the area of the
2 rb
(4 10 7 T m / A)(2.00 A)
= 133 T toward bottom of page
2 (3.00 10 3 m)
*30.22 (a)
In B =
0I
2 r
0I
0I
k+
(k)
2 r 1
2 r 2
so
B=
4 107 T m (2.00 A)
1
1
= 7.50 nT
0.3985
m
0.4015
m
2 A
(b)
B=
(c)
Call r the distance from cord center to field point and 2d = 3.00 mm the distance between
conductors.
B=
1
0I 2d
0I 1
=
2
2
r
d
r
+
d
2
2 r d
Tm
(3.00 103 m)
7.50 1010 T = 2.00 107 A (2.00 A) 2
r 2.25 106 m 2
so
r = 1.26 m
The field of the two-conductor cord is weak to start with and falls off rapidly with distance.
(d) The cable creates zero field at exterior points, since a loop in Ampre's law encloses zero
total current. Shall we sell coaxial-cable power cords to people who worry about biological
damage from weak magnetic fields?
30.23
(a)
B inner =
(b)
Bouter =
0NI
2 r
= 3.60 T
0NI
= 1.94 T
2 r
0I
r for r a
2 a 2
B=
(b)
r=
(a)
One wire feels force due to the field of the other ninety-nine.
30.25
0I
2 B
0(2.50 A)
2 (10.0 106 T)
so
= 0.0500 m =
B=
0(2.50 A)
(0.0125 m) = 10.0 T
2 (0.0250 m)2
*30.24 (a)
I
Within the bundle, B = 0 2 r = 3.17 10 3 T .
2 R
The force, acting inward, is F B = I lB, and the force per unit length
is
FB
3
l = 6.34 10 N/m inward
(b)
Goal Solution
A packed bundle of 100 long, straight, insulated wires forms a cylinder of radius R = 0.500 cm. (a) If each
wire carries 2.00 A, what are the magnitude and direction of the magnetic force per unit length acting on a
wire located 0.200 cm from the center of the bundle? (b) Would a wire on the outer edge of the bundle
experience a force greater or less than the value calculated in part (a)?
G: The force on one wire comes from its interaction with the magnetic field created by the other ninetynine wires. According to Amperes law, at a distance r from the center, only the wires enclosed
within a radius r contribute to this net magnetic field; the other wires outside the radius produce
magnetic field vectors in opposite directions that cancel out at r . Therefore, the magnetic field (and
also the force on a given wire at radius r ) will be greater for larger radii within the bundle, and will
decrease for distances beyond the radius of the bundle, as shown in the graph to the right. Applying
F = I1 B, the magnetic force on a single wire will be directed toward the center of the bundle, so that
all the wires tend to attract each other.
O: Using Amperes law, we can find the magnetic field at any radius, so that the magnetic force F = I1 B
on a single wire can then be calculated.
A : (a) Amperes law is used to derive Equation 30.15, which we can use to find the magnetic field at
r = 0.200 cm from the center of the cable:
Therefore, the outer wires experience an inward magnetic force that is about half the magnitude of
their own weight. If placed on a table, this bundle of wires would form a loosely held mound
without the outer sheathing to hold them together.
30.26
From
B d1 = 0 I, I =
2 rB
(2)(1.00 10-3)(0.100)
=
= 500 A
0
4 107
B ds = 0 I .
30.27
B ds = 0 J dA
(a)
r1
B=
(b)
0br12
3
(br )(2 r dr )
and
B=
or
30.28
0bR 3
3r2
3,
(a)
(b)
0I z
0I
0I
z
By = 2
sin =
=
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
a
+ z2
a +z
2 a + z
a +z
0 I z( 2z)
a2 + z
2 2
0I
a +z
2
= 0,
or
(
(
)
)
2
2
0I a z
=0
a2 + z 2 2
Figure (b)
30.29
30.30
so
I=
B
= 31.8 mA
0n
10.0
= 3.98 kA
(4 107)(2000)
(a)
I=
(b)
FB
l = IB = 39.8 kN/m radially outward
This is the force the windings will have to resist when the magnetic field in the solenoid is
10.0 T.
30.31
l
= r2 .
,
so
it
carries
current
I
=
Re
l
r2
If there is a single layer of windings, the number of turns per length is the reciprocal of the
wire diameter: n = 1/ 2r .
B = n 0I =
So,
*30.32
0 r 2
l 2r
0 r
2 l
= 464 mT
B = 0nI ( i ) = 4 10 7
(15.0 A)( i)
A 10 -2 m
B = 5.65 10 2 T i
The force exerted on side AB of the square current
loop is
= IA = (0.200 A ) 2.00 10 2 m
) ( i) = 80.0 A m
2
) (
= B = 80.0 A m 2 i 5.65 10 2 T i = 0
30.33
(a)
B = B dA = B A = ( 5i + 4 j + 3 k ) T 2.50 10 2 m i
2
30.34
(b)
(B )total = B dA =
(a)
(b)
( )
0 NI
r 2 = 7.40 Wb
l
B = B A = BA =
[(
0 NI
r22 r12
l
)]
4 10 7 T m A ( 300)(12.0 A )
2
(8.00)2 ( 4.00)2 10 3 m = 2.27 Wb
B =
(0.300 m)
30.35
](
(a)
(B )flat = B A = BR 2 cos(180 ) =
(b)
The net flux out of the closed surface is zero: ( B )flat + ( B )curved = 0
(B )curved =
B R 2 cos
B R 2 cos
d E d
dQ / dt
I
= (EA) =
=
dt
dt
e0
e0
30.36
(a)
I
dE
=
= 7.19 1011 V/m s
dt e0 A
(b)
B ds = e0 0
B=
30.37
E
dt
so
2 rB = e0 0
d Q
r2
dt e0 A
0 Ir 0 (0.200)(5.00 10 2 )
=
= 2.00 10-7 T
2A
2 (0.100)2
(a)
d E dQ / dt
I
(0.100 A)
=
=
=
= 11.3 10 9 V m / s
e0
e0 8.85 10 12 C 2 / N m 2
dt
(b)
I d = e0
d E
= I = 0.100 A
dt
30.38
(a)
I=
ev
2 r
ev
2
24
2
= IA =
r = 9.27 10 A m
2
30.39
(630)(3.00)
= 0.00189 T
2 (0.200)
30.40
N
B = nI =
I
2 r
30.41
B = nIA
so I =
(2 r )B =
N
B = 0.191 T
2 (0.100 m )(1.30 T )
5000 4 10 7 Wb A m ( 470)
= 277 mA
500
B = nI = (750 4 10 7 )
(0.500) = 0.188 T
2 (0.200)
A = 8.00 10-4 m2
30.42
and
= IA =
=
Q
Q R2
R2 =
2
2
in the direction of
Q Q
=
.
T
2
30.43
B = 0 (H + M)
30.44
B = 0 ( H + M)
so
H=
B
M = 2.62 106 A/m
0
2.00 T
.
0
But M = xn B where B is the Bohr magneton, n is the number of atoms per unit volume,
and x is the number of electrons that contribute per atom. Thus,
If 0 M = 2.00 T , then the magnetization of the iron is M =
x=
*30.45 (a)
2.00 T
2.00 T
M
=
=
= 2.02
n B n B 0
8.50 10 28 m 3 9.27 10 24 N m T 4 10 7 T m A
30.47
)(
)(
Comparing Equations 30.29 and 30.30, we see that the applied field is described by B0 = 0H.
B
C
Then Eq. 30.35 becomes M = C 0 = 0 H , and the definition of susceptibility (Eq. 30.32) is
T T
30.46
M C
= 0
H T
(b)
2.70 10 4 ( 300 K )
KA
T
C=
=
= 6.45 10 4
7
Tm
0
4 10 T m A
(a)
Bh = Bcoil =
(b)
Bh = Bsin B =
(a)
0 NI (4 10 7 )(5.00)(0.600)
=
= 12.6 T
2R
0.300
12.6 T
Bh
=
= 56.0 T
sin sin 13.0
8.00 1022 A m2
= 8.63 1045
9.27 1024 A m2
Each iron atom has two unpaired electrons, so the number of iron atoms required is
1
2
(b)
(8.63 10 ) .
Mass =
45
24
A : (a) B = 9.27 10 24 1
A m2
= 9.27 10
J N s C m C / s
T
N=
8.00 10 22 A m 2
= 8.63 10 45 e 9.27 10 24 A m 2
(b) Each iron atom has two unpaired electrons, so the number of iron atoms required is
1 N = 1 (8.63 10 45 ) = 4.31 10 45 iron atoms .
2
2
MFe
Thus,
(4.31 10
=
45
)(
atoms 7900 kg / m 3
8.50 10
28
atoms / m
) = 4.01 10
20
kg
L : The calculated answers seem reasonable based on the limits we expected. From the data in this
problem, the iron deposit required to produce the magnetic moment would only be about 1/15 000
the mass of the Earth and would form a sphere 500 km in diameter. Although this is certainly a large
amount of iron, it is much smaller than the inner core of the Earth, which is estimated to have a
diameter of about 3000 km.
30.48
B=
0I
= 2.00 105 T = 20.0 T
2 R
30.49
B=
0 IR 2
2(R 2 + R 2 )3/2
30.50
(a)
BC =
0I
0(10.0)
=0
2 (0.270)
2 (0.0900)
(b)
BA =
40(10.0)
= 88.9 T
2 (0.0900)
I = 2.00 109 A
so
so
flowing west
I = 30.0 A
out of paper
*30.51
B=
0I
2 r
(4 107)17
2 (0.6)
~ 10 5 T
compass noticeably.
A ring of radius r and width dr has area dA = 2 r dr. The current inside radius r is
30.52
I = 2 J r dr = 2 J0 r dr 2 J0 R 2
(a)
) r
r 3
)(
dr = 2 J0 r 2 2 2 J0 R 2 r 4 4
or
and
or
1 r 1 r 3
B = 0 J0 R
for r R
2 R 4 R
B( 2 r ) = 0 I total = 0 J0 R 2 J0 R 2 2 = 0 J0 R 2 2
B=
0 J0 R 2 0 J0 R
=
for r R
4( r R )
4r
(b)
0.300
0.250
0.200
B / 0 J 0 R 0.150
0.100
0.050
0.000
0
r/R
(c)
= 0.272 0 J0 R
4 3
2 3
J r2
dB 0 J0
=
3 0 02 = 0
dr
2
4R
B = dB =
30.54
0I dr
0I
w
k =
ln 1 + k
b
2 w r
2 w
B=
0 NI
l
so she needs
The inner diameter of the innermost layer is 10.0 mm. The outer diameter of the outermost
layer is 10.0 mm + 2 12 0.500 mm = 22.0 mm. The average diameter is 16.0 mm, so the
total length of wire is
(2.39 103) (16.0 103 m) = 120 m
30.55
0 IR 2
2(x 2 + R 2 )3/2
B=
q
. The magnetic field is directed away from the center, with a
(2 /)
strength of
B=
30.56
0 R 2 q
0 (20.0)(0.100)2 (10.0 10 6 )
= 1.43 1010 T
2
2 3/2 =
2
2 3/2
4 (x + R )
4 (0.0500) + (0.100)
R
when x = 2 , then
q
. Therefore,
(2 /)
B=
0 IR 2
2(x 2 + R 2 )3/2
B=
0 R 2 q
4 (x 2 + R 2 )3/2
B=
0 qR 2
4 45 R
2 3/2
0q
2.5 5 R
30.57
(a)
0IR 2
1
1
2
2
3/2
2
2 (x + R )
((R x) + R 2)3/2
B = B x1 + B x2 =
B=
(b)
0 IR 2
2(x + R 2 )3/2
2
1
1
0IR 2
dB 0 IR 2
=
dx
2
3
2
2
2 ( 2x ) x + R
Substituting x =
5 2
3
2R 2 + x 2 2xR
2
R
and cancelling terms,
2
5 2
(2x 2R)
dB
=0
dx
3 0 IR 2 2
d 2B
=
30.58
d 2B
=0
dx 2
R
and cancelling terms,
2
2 0 IR 2
2 ( R / 2) + R 2
2
3/2
0 IR 2
1
+1
4
3/2
=
R3
0I
for 1 turn
1.40R
4 10 7 100(10.0)
0 NI
For N turns in each coil, B =
=
= 1.80 10- 3 T
1.40R
1.40(0.500)
30.59
(a)
FB =
FB =
(b)
*30.60 (a)
0 I 2L
2 a
(Equation 30.12)
(4 107)(140)22(0.100)
= 2.46 N
2 (1.00 103)
aloop =
2.46 N m loop g
= 107 m/s2
m loop
upward
upward
0
Ids ~, the moving charge constitutes a bit of current as in I = nqvA. For a
4 r 2
positive charge the direction of ds is the direction of v , so dB = 0 2 nqA( ds) v ~. Next, A( ds)
4 r
is the volume occupied by the moving charge, and nA( ds) = 1 for just one charge. Then,
In dB =
B=
0
qv ~
4 r 2
(4 10
)(
)(
) sin 90.0 =
3.20 10 13 T
(b)
B=
(c)
4 1.00 10
3 2
)(
)(
(d)
)(
8.99 10 9 N m 2 C 2 1.60 10 19 C
kqq
Fe = qE = e 12 2 =
2
r
1.00 10 3
*30.61 (a)
(b)
4 10 7 T m A ( 24.0 A )
0I
B=
=
= 2.74 10 4 T
2 r
2 (0.0175 m )
total field at C is
2.74 10 4 T ( j) .
[(
) ] (1.15 10
(c)
(d)
1.15 10 3 N i
F
m
a=
=
= 0.384 2 i
3
m
s
3.00 10 kg
N i
(e)
The bar is already so far from AE that it moves through nearly constant magnetic field. The
force acting on the bar is constant, and therefore the bars acceleration is constant .
(f)
(0.999
m s) i
At equilibrium,
30.62
IB =
30.63
(a)
2 a( m l) g
FB 0 I A I B mg
=
=
or I B =
l
l
2 a
0IA
(4 10
T m A (150 A )
)=
81.7 A
The magnetic field due to an infinite sheet of charge (or the magnetic
field at points near a large sheet of charge) is given by B = 0 Js 2 .
The current density Js = I l and in this case the equivalent current
of the moving charged belt is
I=
dx
v = dt
dq d
= ( lx) = lv;
dt dt
Therefore, Js = v
(b)
and
B=
0 v
2
30.64
C=
30.65
At equilibrium,
= + B mg
or
B sin 5.00 =
Therefore,
B=
cos 5.00 = 0,
2
mgL
cos 5.00
2
B = 28.8 mT
30.66
The central wire creates field B = 0 I1 2 R counterclockwise. The curved portions of the
loop feels no force since 1 B = 0 there. The straight portions both feel I 1 B forces to the
right, amounting to
F B = I 2 2L
0 I1
0 I1 I 2 L
=
to the right
2 R
R
30.67
So
0I
(cos 1 cos 2 ) with a = l, 1 = 90, and 2 = 135
4 a
B1 =
4 0I
0I
1
0
=
4l
2
2 l
When the conductor is in the shape of a circular arc, the magnitude or the field at the center is
I
4l
given by Equation 30.6, B = 0 . From the geometry in this case, we find R =
and = .
4 R
Therefore, B2 =
30.68
I=
0 I
I
= 0
;
4 (4l/ ) 16l
)(
so that
B1 8 2
= 2
B2
3
8
2 rB 2 9.00 10 1.50 10
=
= 675 A
0
4 10 7
30.69
0 I d1 ~
4 r 2
and
d1 ~ = dz sin = dz
L2 / 4 + x 2
L / 4 + x2 + z2
2
By symmetry all components of the field B at P cancel except the components along x
(perpendicular to the plane of the square); and
B0x = B0 cos
Therefore, B0x
I
= 0
4
L/2
cos =
where
L / 4 + x2
2
L/2
sin cos dz
and B = 8B0x .
r2
Using the expressions given above for sin cos , and r, we find
B=
30.70
(a)
0 IL2
L2
L2
2 x 2 + x 2 +
4
2
From Equation 30.10, the magnetic field produced by one loop at the center of the second loop
is given by B =
2
0 IR 2 0 I R
=
= 0 3 where the magnetic moment of either loop is
3
3
2x
2 x
2 x
= I R 2 . Therefore,
2
dB
3 3 0 R I
=
Fx =
= 0
2 x 4
dx
2 x 4
(b)
30.71
3 0 I 2 R 4
2
x4
(
)
7
3
3 0 I 2 R 4 3 4 10 T m A (10.0 A ) 5.00 10 m
Fx =
=
4
2
2
x4
5.00 10 2 m
= 5.92 10 8 N
B=
0 I (ds ~)
(4 ) r 2
0I
4
I
B= 0
4
ds sin ~
=0
r2
r 2 dr =
=0
Substitute r = e:
0I
4
=0
B=
( )
0 I 1
r
4
3 1
2 dr sin
2
4 r
=0
[ ]
0 I
e
4
0 I 2
0I
e
e0 =
1 e 2
4
4
(a)
B = B0 + 0 M
B B0
0
M=
M=
and
B B0
0
are parallel,
this
30.73
0 r 2 dI
2 x +r
2
dI =
where
2 32
dr
dQ dQ
=
2
t
dx
x
dQ = dV = ( 2 r dr )( dx )
0 r 3 dr dx
dB =
2 32
+R
R 2 x 2
2 x2 + r
B=
where =
Let v = r 2 + x 2 ,
B=
x=R
Q
4 R3
3
0 r 3 dr dx
32
2
x2 + r2
x=R r=0
+R
dv = 2r dr , and
r2 = v x2
2
0 v x dv
v=x 2 2 2 v 3 2 dx = 04
R2
2
R 2 1 2
2 R
3 2
v
dv
x
2
x=R v=x
v=x 2 v dv dx
( )
2
1 2 R2
2 1 2 R
dx = 0
2v
+
2x
v
x=R
x2
x2
4
B=
0
4
B=
0
4
B=
2 0 2R 3 4R 2
0R 2
2
=
+
2R
4 3R
2
3
R 2 R
2 0
4 x + 2R dx =
4
0 2 R
x=R 2(R x ) + 2x
R
4x + 2R dx
1 1
R x dx
30.74
dI =
dr
dQ
=
( 2 r dr )( dx )
t
2
dx
x
R
( 2 r dr )( dx ) = r 3 dr dx
2
+R
x=R
R2 x2
R2 x2
R 2 x 2 3
+R
+R
r
dr
dx
=
dx
=
r=0
x=R
x=R
4
4
2R 2 2R 5
+R
4
R 4 2R 2 x 2 + x 4 dx =
R ( 2R) 2R 2
+ 5
4 x=R
4
3
4 2 R 5 16
5
4 R 5
=
R 2 +
=
3 5
4
4 15
15
P1
-B2
B=
( ),
0 J a2
2 r
0 J a2
2
Bs
r 2 + ( a 2)
a/2
a/2
1
1
r 4(r a 2) 4(r + a 2)
P2
B1
J ( a 2)
J ( a 2)
B1 = 0
, and B2 = 0
.
2 (r a 2)
2 (r + a 2)
0 ( 2I ) 4r 2 a2 2r 2
0 I 2r 2 a2
=
-B1
Bs
Therefore, J = 2I a2 .
B = Bs B1 B2 =
dx
up
A = a2 a2 4 a2 4 = a2 2
(a)
30.75
B2
(b)
At point P2 , Bs =
( )
0 J a2
2 r
and B1 = B2 =
0 J ( a 2)
2 r 2 + ( a 2)
The horizontal components of B1 and B2 cancel while their vertical components add.
B = Bs B1 cos B2 cos =
B=
( )
( ) 2
0 J a2
2 r
0 J a2 4
r
2 r 2 + a2 4 r 2 + a2 4
2I
2
0 J a2
r2
1
= 0 ( ) 1 2r
=
2
2 r 2 r 2 + a2 4
2 r 4r + a2
0 I 2r 2 + a2
r 4r 2 + a2