AP Human Geography

Chapter 10 Study Guide (Part 1)

1. Explain the difference between industry and manufacturing?

2. List the 3 categories of industrial activity.

3. What do all primary industries have in common?

4. What are the unprocessed natural resources referred to as?

5. What are commodities?

6. Why are commodities an enormously important part of the global

economy?

7. What do Canadian scholars, W.A. Mackintosh and Harold Innis refer to

as a staple in their staple theory?

8. What is the main idea of staple theory?

9. Define linkages?

10.

What are the 3 main types of linkages?

11.

What is the purpose of forward linkages? Give an example.

12.

What is the purpose of backward linkages? Give an example.

13.

What are demand linkages? Give an example.

14.
According to Mackintosh and Innis, what shapes the economic
system of a staple-producing area at the local scale?

15.
How does a staple-producing area function at a regional,
national, or global scale?

16.
What differing opinions did Mackintosh and Innis have regarding
the impact of staples on long term development?

17.
What problem with forward and backward linkages did Innis
point out? What country did he use as an example?

18.
What part of the world was heavily dependent on the export of
staples or primary products until the mid-1980s?

19.
What are the 3 reasons why reliance on commodities is
problematic from an economic perspective?

20.
What does the term commodity-dependent developing
countries (CDDC) refer to?

21.

What does GDP stand for?

22.

What is the primary purpose of secondary industries?

23.

Explain the difference between heavy and light manufacturing.

24.
What has dramatically shaped the geography of secondary
industries?

25.

What does the term Industrial Revolution refer to?

26.

What is a system of production?

27.
What characterized manufacturing before the Industrial
Revolution?

28.

Where was most of the labor done?

29.

What term was coined to describe this type of manufacturing?

30.
What did these give way to when the Industrial Revolution
began in England?

31.
What industry was the first to be impacted by the Industrial
Revolution?

32.
What 2 major developments spurred the Industrial
Revolution?

33.

What 2 innovations were crucial to the Industrial Revolution?

34.

Who was the inventor of the steam engine?

35.
What resources influenced the geography of the Industrial
Revolution?

36.

Where were factories initially located?

37.

What migration pattern did the Industrial Revolution create?

38.

What grew denser as the Industrial Revolution expanded?

39.

What is closely associated with industrialization?

40.
In what years was the first phase of the diffusion of the
Industrial Revolution?

41.

What countries did it diffuse to during this time period?

42.
In what years was the second phase of the diffusion of the
Industrial Revolution?

43.
What parts of the world did it diffuse to during this period?
44.
When did the third phase of the diffusion of the Industrial
Revolution begin?

45.

What parts of the world has it diffused to during this phase?

46.
What characteristic has marked the diffusion of the Industrial
Revolution at the national and global scales?

47.

What patterns has this led to?

48.

How were these patterns apparent in the United States?

49.

What parts of the world are considered the global core?

50.

What are these areas of the world closely associated with?