A

PRACTICAL TRAINING SEMINAR REPORT

ON
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
Taken at
AARMON TECH JAIPUR (RAJ.)
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment for the Award of Bachelor of Technology Degree
In
Electrical Engineering
Of
Rajasthan Technical University, KOTA

(Session 2016-2017)
Submitted to:

Submitted by:

Mr. Arpit Khandelwal

Asst.Professor
(Electrical Dept.)

Ashok Singh Shekhawat

PIET/EE/13/013

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

POORNIMA INSITIUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
ISI-2 RIICO INSTITUTIONAL AREA,
JAIPUR -302022
1

POORNIMA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGG.
ISI-2, RIICO INSTITUTIONAL ARE
SITAPURA, JAIPUR-302022

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that a practical training seminar report entitled
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION taken at AARMON TECH JAIPUR is submitted by
ASHOK SINGH SHEKHAWAT (PIET/EE/13/013), Student of Fourth Year VII semester in
partial fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in ELECTRICAL Engineering of
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota during the academic year 2016-2017. The report has been
found satisfactory and is approved for submission.

ARPIT SIR

Mr. K.R. Prajapat

(Guide)

(seminar coordinator )

Mr. NK GUPTA
(HOD, Deptt. of EE)

Mr. Ajay Kr. Bansal

(Director)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is an indeed a great pleasure for me to present this report on summer training session at
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION . It was a great experience being at an Company this is a part of
worlds largest employee organization.
AARMON TECH, a team of well trained and experienced engineers who are dedicated to give
optimized cost effective ,user friendly and best in industry solution for their clients and Trainee.
A Research and Design Cell for Engineering Application provides solution in industrial
and domestic application through its Innovation in Automation process.
Its an independent autonomous research cell helping students and professionals in different
streams of engineering for simplifying the technology and real time implementation
My Special thanks to all the employees of AARMON TECH, who help me throughout this
entire project.
I also pay my deep regards to my parent and friends whose blessings made this project work a
success.

ASHOK SINGH SHEKHAWAT

PREFACE
Summer training in business organization infuses among students a sense of critical analysis
of the real engineering problems to which they are exposed. This gives them an opportunity to
apply their conceptual, theoretical, imaginative and technical skills in a real life situations and to
evaluate the results there of.
As the part of curriculum prescribed for the B.Tech (Bachelor of technology) degree course
by the Rajasthan Technical University ,Kota a practical training of third year. The practical
training is taken at AARMON TECH JAIPUR
This training is summary of observation, during training period, although it was a short
period for a depth study of giant organization yet we laid emphasis on touching the most of the
section of Practical knowledge.
I have tried to cover all aspects of our study on my part. I hope that this report will provide
sufficient information about Automation
Report also provides information about organization, their profiles, and history, product and
service areas.
I trust and believe that the blinding of my academic and practical experience has made the report
useful not only to the company but also to engineer.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1.
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION .01-05
1.1 INTRODUCTION...........01
1.2 INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION TOOLS02
1.2.1 PLC- PROGRAMMABL LOGIC CONTROLLE......................03
1.2.2 SCADA- SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION.03
1.2.3 HMI- HUMAN MACHINEINTERFACE...03
1.2.4 ANN- ARTIFICIAL NEURAL INTERFACE...04
1.2.5 DCS- DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM...04
1.2.6 PAC- (PROGRAMMABLE AUTOMATION CONTROLLER)
1.3 ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATION04
1.4 DISADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATION..04
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF AUTOMATION..05
1.6 APPLICATIONS OF AUTOMATION...05

CHAPTER 2.
PLC (PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER) ....06-21
2.1 INTRODUCTION OF PLC.06
2.2 DEVELOPMENT AND HISTORY07
2.3 FEATURES OF PLC...09
2.3.1 HIGH RELIABILITY.09
2.3.2 FLEXIBILITY09
2.3.3 QUALITY OF STRONG EASY OPERATION..09
2.3.4 EASY PROGRAMMING AND MODIFICATION...09
2.3.5 LONGER LIFE...10
2.3.6 VAST APPLICATIONS.10
2.4 ARCHITECTURE...10
2.4.1 CPU.11
2.4.2 THE BUSES...13
2.4.3 MEMORY..14

2.4.4 INPUT/OUTPUT UNIT.14

2.5 SOURCING AND SINKING..15
2.6 WORKING OF PLC15
2.6.1 CONNECTION OF PLC16
2.7 CLASSIFICATION OF PLC...18
2.7.1 ON BASIS OF I/O MODULES .19
2.7.2 ON THE BASIS OF APPLICATION RANGE.19
2.7.3 ON THE BASIS OF APPLICATION19
2.8 APPLICATIONS OF PLC...19
2.8.1 APPLICATIONS IN SECURITY..20
2.8.2 CONTROLLING APPLICATIONS...20
2.8.3 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS...20
2.9 ADVANTAGES OF PLC....21
2.9.1 FLEXIBILITY....21
2.9.2 CORRECTING ERRORS..21
2.9.3 SPACE EFFICIENT...21
2.9.4 LOW COST21
2.9.5 TESTING....21
2.9.6 VISUAL OBSERVATION.21
2.9.7 PREDEFINED FUNCTION BLOCK....21
2.10 DISADVANTAGES OF PLC...21
CHAPTER 3.
SCADA (SUPERVISORY CONTROL AND DATA ACQUISITION) .22-36
3.1 WHAT IS SCADA?... 22
3.2 FIELD WHERE SCADA CAN BE USED.22
3.2.1 MANUFACTURING.....22
3.2.2 BUILDING, FACILITIES AND ENVIRONMENT..22
3.2.3 ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, T AND D23
3.2.4 WATER AND SEWAGE...23
3.2.5 MASS TRANSIT23

3.2.6 TRAFFIC SIGNALS..23

3.3 HOW DOES SCADA WORK..23
3.4 WHY SCADA?.. 24
3.5 ARCHITECTURE OF SCADA..24
3.5.1 FIRST GENERATION- MONOLITHIC...24
3.5.2 SECOND GENERATION- DISTRIBUTED.25
3.5.3 THIRD GENERATION- NETWORKED .25
3.6 COMPONENTS OF SCADA.... 25
3.6.1 A HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE OR HMI...24
3.6.2 SYSTEM CONCEPTS...26
3.6.3 REMOTE TERMINAL UNITS (RTUs)...26
3.6.4 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC)...26
3.6.5 SUPERVISORY STATION...26
3.7 FEATURES AND THEIR FUNCTIONALITY..27
3.7.1 DYNAMIC PROCESS GRAPHIC........................................................27
3.7.2 ALARM SUMMARY AND ALARM HISTORY.27
3.7.3 REAL TIME TREND AND HISTORICAL TIME TREND.28
3.7.4 SECURITY (APPLICATION SECURITY)..28
3.7.5 DATABASE CONNECTIVITY30
3.7.6 DEVICE CONNECTIVITY...30
3.7.7 SCRIPTS.30
3.7.8 RECIPE MANAGEMENT.30
3.7.9 NETWORKING.31
3.7.10 DATA ACQUISITION.31
3.7.11 OPERATOR INTERFACE..31
3.8 DEVELOPERS OF SCADA...31
3.9 WORKING WITH INTOUCH SCADA SCRIPT...32
3.10 COMPONENT OF SCADA (SENSOR)..33
3.10.1 WHAT ARE SENSORS?....33
3.11 APPLICATIONS OF SCADA..34
3.11.1 BUILDING MAINTENANCE.34

3.11.2 ENERGY..34
3.11.3 MANUFACTURING...35
3.11.4 WATER AND WASTE WATER.35
3.11.5 HEALTHCARE35
3.11.6 PETROCHEMICAL.35
3.11.7 DIGITAL SIGNAGE SOLUTION...35
3.12 ADVANTAGES OF SCADA...36
3.13 DISADVANTAGES OF SCADA.....36
CHAPTER 4

LOGICAL SENSORS AND ACTUATORS.37-41

4.i Logical Sensor37
4.2 Types of Logical Sensor.37
4.2.1. Contact Switches.37
4.2.2 Proximity38
4.2.3 Photo Optics38
4.2.4 Capacitive..39
4.2.5 Inductive 40
4.2.6. Ultrasoni . 41

CHAPTER 5

Relays & Counter............................................................................42-49

5.1 RELAY.....................................................................................................42

5.2 Basic design and operation.42

5.3 Types Of Relay..43
5.3.1 Latching Relay44
5.3.2 Time Delay Relays.................................................................................45
5.4 Relay Components..........................................................................................46
5.5 Basic Relay Symbols.......................................................................................48
5.5 Basic Relay Symbols.......................................................................................49
5.6 Relay Applications............................................................................................49
5.7 Counters............................................................................................................49

CHAPTER 6
LADDER LOGIC.48-55
6.1 Ladder logic.48
6.1.1 RELAY LOGIC.49
6.2Example of a simple ladder logic program..50
6.2.1 Logical AND.52
6.2.1 Logical AND with NOT..52
6.2.2 Logical OR52
6.2.3 Industrial STOP/START..53
6.2.4 Complex logic54
6.2.5 Additional functionality.54
6.3 Limitations and successor languages55

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CHAPTER 7
BOOLEAN LOGIC DESIGN56-65
7.1 INTRODUCTION.56
7.2 BOOLEAN ALGEBRA.56
7.3 LOGIC DESIGN..58
7.4 SIMPLE DESIGN CASES..61
7.4.1Basic Logic Functions..61
7.4.2 Car Safety System.62
7.4.3 Motor Forward/Reverse62
7.5 SUMMARY..64

CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSION.65-67

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CHAPTER 4.
CONCLUSION.37-38

FIGURE INDEX
FIGURE NO.FIGURE NAME

PAGE NO.

2.1 PLC

06

2.2 BASIC PLC ARCHITECTURE

11

2.3 OPTOISOLATOR

14

2.4 SINKING AND SOURCING

15

2.5

22

CONTROL PANEL OF SCADA

2.6 WORKING OF SCADA

23

2.7 ARCHITECTURE OF SCADA

24

2.8

Time Delay Symbol

45

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2.9 Sample Solution for Logic Case Study A 61

2.10 Solution to Car Safety System Case

62

2.11 Motor Forward, Reverse Case Study

63